:00:24. > :00:34.is believed to be among the victims. As the world's population hits 7BM,
:00:34. > :00:35.
:00:35. > :00:41.we look at the factors driving Sabir's baby boom. We report on the
:00:41. > :00:51.plight of farmers in India who are struggling to survive. And with 7
:00:51. > :00:51.
:00:51. > :00:57.billion mouths to feed, Hakem we stop anybody going hungry. Hello
:00:57. > :01:02.and welcome to this special edition of reporters. We will look at
:01:02. > :01:08.population growth. This has been a controversial topic. It has hit the
:01:08. > :01:12.headlines again as the world's population passes the 7 billion
:01:12. > :01:18.mark. The United Nations gave this figure based on the analysis that
:01:18. > :01:22.the global population is growing at 80 million per year. The U in warns
:01:22. > :01:27.that the rising population threatens growth and prosperity in
:01:28. > :01:32.poor countries, especially in Africa. We will look at the
:01:32. > :01:39.implications of the rising population. First we report from
:01:39. > :01:44.Zambia, with the population is projected to triple by 2050.
:01:44. > :01:50.Welcome to the world. Like each and every one of us, these newborns
:01:50. > :01:57.help make up the 7 billion people on our planet. Catherine has just
:01:57. > :02:01.given birth for the 4th times, to a daughter. Hours or old, she does
:02:01. > :02:09.not have a name. Despite living in poverty, the parents what more
:02:09. > :02:13.children. They are ambitious for their future. TRANSLATION: I want
:02:13. > :02:18.my daughter and sons to become important people. Then they can
:02:18. > :02:24.help us. But I do not know if there will be enough money for them all
:02:24. > :02:29.to go to school. Big families are the norm. Six children is the
:02:29. > :02:38.average. It is causing a huge increase in numbers. Zambia's
:02:38. > :02:45.population will triple by 2050 and keep rising. That is despite an
:02:45. > :02:51.array of modern contraceptive mess, including injections, the Pill and
:02:51. > :02:59.condoms, available without charge. The contraceptives are free. But
:02:59. > :03:05.health facilities need travel and people cannot afford that. They
:03:05. > :03:11.would rather spend money to buy food to feed the family. This is a
:03:11. > :03:16.youthful country. Half the population is aged under 16. More
:03:16. > :03:22.families are leaving the country to live in the capital in search of
:03:22. > :03:27.work. Population growth can be good for the economy, with a young
:03:27. > :03:33.workforce and few elderly. But the increase he is so rapid that the
:03:33. > :03:39.fear is it could perpetuate poverty. Zambia is barely able to feed 13
:03:39. > :03:43.million people now. How will it cope with 100 million by the end of
:03:43. > :03:48.the century? How do you encourage the young to have fewer children
:03:48. > :03:53.than their parents? Aid agency say it starts with more rights for
:03:53. > :03:58.women stop you there if you are married to a man with ten children,
:03:58. > :04:05.you have no say, even when you know the children will not be looked
:04:05. > :04:10.after. Women must be able to make their own decisions. What things
:04:10. > :04:16.can the new government do for you girls? That begins in the classroom,
:04:16. > :04:26.where attitudes are changing. These teenagers what Korea's first and
:04:26. > :04:26.
:04:26. > :04:30.mother would second. Or I want to kids. I want to reduce the
:04:30. > :04:36.population. Sam beer is a big country, three times the size of
:04:36. > :04:41.Britain, so there is plenty of room. But the expanding population will
:04:41. > :04:50.be more schools, jobs, or hospitals and homes if it is to be lifted
:04:50. > :04:55.from poverty to prosperity. China and India are often subjected to
:04:55. > :05:02.many statistical comparisons. In the next 20 years, India will
:05:02. > :05:05.overtake China as the world's most populous country. But with fertile
:05:05. > :05:13.land available shrinking, it will face a big challenge to provide
:05:13. > :05:16.food. We went to one small corner off of India's agricultural
:05:16. > :05:25.heartland in punch up to meet one of the millions of farmers
:05:25. > :05:31.struggling. -- Punjab. This man is a farmer in Punjab. This is where
:05:31. > :05:41.he lives. His nine-member family are squeezed in to two rooms,
:05:41. > :05:47.sharing space with cattle. So his farmer Bath -- his farmer -- his
:05:47. > :05:52.father once owned 18 acres of land. But that has been carved up as the
:05:52. > :05:57.family group. What is left is not enough to support the family stop
:05:57. > :06:01.you there now we each and and three acres. It will be divided further
:06:01. > :06:06.with the next generation. Punjab, once the bread basket of India
:06:06. > :06:13.growing much of the country's food, in the past five decades the number
:06:13. > :06:19.of farms have doubled. Small pockets of land that are in no
:06:19. > :06:24.longer up productive. A fertile region is becoming impoverished. It
:06:24. > :06:29.is the same in every village here. There is almost no land to go
:06:29. > :06:36.around. This used to be a rich state. Now it is a struggle to
:06:36. > :06:43.survive. Instead, farmland is being cleared for other projects. Across
:06:43. > :06:49.this bold, construction is at full speed as fast tracks of land are
:06:49. > :06:55.transformed, aimed at the urban rich. This village is like any
:06:55. > :06:59.other Udal's rural India but a cross from it is a brandy Develop
:06:59. > :07:04.ment, luxury flats being built. This is typical in the north of
:07:04. > :07:09.India. Or which farm land is being swallowed up by the growing needs
:07:09. > :07:14.of the city, robbing India of land that could feed its population.
:07:14. > :07:20.With the value of land shooting up, many farmers are tempted to sell
:07:20. > :07:26.their inheritance to make quick money, even if it is short-lived.
:07:26. > :07:32.Families are not willing to go into farming any more. This is a serious
:07:32. > :07:37.problem. Farmers are feeling disenchanted because of the low
:07:38. > :07:43.productivity in small farm. India and 16 million people to its
:07:43. > :07:49.population every year. With less land available, feeding the country
:07:49. > :07:53.is going to be a challenge. The world can cope with food and water
:07:53. > :08:01.shortages, but often human behaviour in the form of corruption
:08:01. > :08:05.gets in the way. Water shortage has been a problem in East Africa. They
:08:05. > :08:11.have had the worst drought in use. This has left more than 13 million
:08:11. > :08:17.people in need of food assistance. In October the United States
:08:17. > :08:27.pledged an additional $100 million of aid, but corruption in Kenya has
:08:27. > :08:29.
:08:29. > :08:34.compounded the crisis. The land yields nothing. Too many seasons
:08:34. > :08:39.without crane has turned the ground to dust. This emergency feeding
:08:39. > :08:43.centre is feeding malnourished children. The animals on which
:08:43. > :08:48.these people depended for their living have died. All morning,
:08:48. > :08:54.people have been arriving as news spreads that food and medical help
:08:54. > :08:59.is available. If you remember that this is just one villager out of
:08:59. > :09:09.hundreds across this region, you get a sense of the magnitude of
:09:09. > :09:11.
:09:11. > :09:20.this drought. How many droughts have you seen in your life? 10.
:09:20. > :09:25.this as bad as the other ones cure this is the worst of all. The
:09:25. > :09:29.Kenyan government blames the drought. It is supplying food aid
:09:29. > :09:39.and investing in irrigation, but campaigners say massive corruption
:09:39. > :09:44.
:09:44. > :09:49.helped create the crisis. We have a corruption drought. Among many
:09:49. > :09:57.scandals, is selling off of the country's strategic grain reserve -
:09:57. > :10:05.- grain reserve two years ago. The minister responsible for the relief
:10:05. > :10:15.effort was surprisingly frank about corruption. It has rowans us. --
:10:15. > :10:18.
:10:18. > :10:25.ruined us. Until we prosecute and say no to this, it will remain a
:10:25. > :10:32.problem. It does not matter how high up the chain does the?
:10:33. > :10:41.higher you reached, the better the message is received. The cry of the
:10:41. > :10:46.people has been that we do not target the big fish. If we targeted
:10:46. > :10:52.them the message would be loud and clear. It poses a major dilemma for
:10:52. > :10:57.international donors: how do they bypass corruption? Eight is
:10:57. > :11:06.increasingly targeted at communities, like these women who
:11:06. > :11:10.run small shops provided with money from Oxfam. TRANSLATION: My
:11:10. > :11:15.livestock all died. On was forced to pay for food. But this
:11:15. > :11:20.opportunity allowed me to pay for - - open up a business. Things are
:11:20. > :11:26.much better. This story is underpinned by essential truth of
:11:26. > :11:30.the food crisis. The world can pour any amount of aid into Kenya, but
:11:30. > :11:40.without almost government, the poorest people are condemned to
:11:40. > :11:44.Let's take another look at how great an population is affecting
:11:44. > :11:50.individual countries. The government of Jordan says it is
:11:50. > :11:55.facing a crisis due to a rapidly rising population. The number of
:11:55. > :12:05.Jordanians has doubled in the past two decades. Another pressure. His
:12:05. > :12:06.
:12:06. > :12:15.Jordan's lack of fresh water. Supplies are dangerously low.
:12:15. > :12:25.Against the odds he farms this arid land. His crops black much of the
:12:25. > :12:33.
:12:33. > :12:39.water they need. -- lack. He has to buy his water from a private
:12:40. > :12:46.company. Prices are going up. people depend on farming. If they
:12:46. > :12:50.stop they will not be able to support their families. The elder
:12:50. > :12:59.generations want to keep alive the traditions of farming. They will
:12:59. > :13:08.not give it up easily. He depends on the endless flow of lorries
:13:08. > :13:11.which transport this country's Liquid Gold. This is private water.
:13:11. > :13:21.Commercially owned wells have become de source for many
:13:21. > :13:21.
:13:21. > :13:31.businesses and homes. We are living in a water crisis. We have a water
:13:31. > :13:34.
:13:34. > :13:40.committee to develop a strategy. Unless the strategy is implemented,
:13:40. > :13:45.the situation will be worse for the country. Jordan's population is
:13:45. > :13:50.using ever more of this vital resource. Despite government's
:13:50. > :13:56.initiatives to extract new resources, a bad situation is
:13:56. > :14:01.getting even worse. Farming has always been a challenge. As water
:14:01. > :14:07.becomes more scarce and is shared by more people, the livelihoods of
:14:07. > :14:12.farmers will only become more uncertain. He used to have sheet,
:14:12. > :14:17.but because of the lack of water this heart full of chickens along
:14:17. > :14:21.with a few rabbits are the only animals left. He said the
:14:21. > :14:31.government should supply what is his farm's life blood. Others go on
:14:31. > :14:34.with what little water there is in this inhospitable land. We have
:14:34. > :14:40.been talking a lot about the problems of the growing world
:14:40. > :14:47.population. What about some of the solutions? The world has 7 billion
:14:47. > :14:57.mouths to feed. Scientists have been looking at new food sources.
:14:57. > :15:00.
:15:00. > :15:10.In sex could be the answer. -- insects. The Netherlands is leading
:15:10. > :15:11.
:15:11. > :15:18.the way in insect-eating research. This box will give you 2.5
:15:19. > :15:28.kilograms of worms. This is rather efficient farming. They love to
:15:29. > :15:32.
:15:32. > :15:42.live in a box. It is quite humane. Yes, it is their natural behaviour.
:15:42. > :15:45.
:15:45. > :15:55.These are Beatles. They give 150 eggs. -- beetles. How does this
:15:55. > :15:57.
:15:57. > :16:07.compare it to traditional farm animals? Kids need 20 kilograms of
:16:07. > :16:11.
:16:11. > :16:19.meats for three kilograms of meat. -- pigs. What do these eat? Carrots
:16:19. > :16:26.and chaff. In nature they clean up the mess. They can eat anything.
:16:26. > :16:33.The UN's Food and Agricultural Organisation says insect content is
:16:33. > :16:43.comparable to meet. They contain amino acids, fibre as well with
:16:43. > :16:46.
:16:46. > :16:51.Polly unsaturated fats, iron, calcium and vitamins. --
:16:51. > :16:58.polyunsaturated. With swine flu in mind, he says consuming insect is
:16:58. > :17:05.less risky than eating other animals. Insects and not related to
:17:05. > :17:15.humans. The diseases they have do not jump to humans. That is
:17:15. > :17:17.
:17:17. > :17:21.different from cows and pigs. has persuaded the EU to offer a
:17:21. > :17:26.grant of 2.5 million euros are arguments that farming insects is
:17:26. > :17:36.more environmentally friendly. Insect cool produce less greenhouse
:17:36. > :17:39.
:17:39. > :17:48.gases. -- insects. Can the revulsion of eating them be
:17:48. > :17:56.overcome? What are we cooking today? Is this popular with your
:17:56. > :18:01.customers? It is popular. Critters, let's have a look. That is a locust.
:18:01. > :18:11.I must say that is a rather unusual ingredient. Some people would find
:18:11. > :18:12.
:18:12. > :18:20.the prospect of eating this little chap disgusting. There is a lovely
:18:20. > :18:28.chilli sauce there. It will be a very clever powder that can
:18:28. > :18:35.replicate meet proteins. Put that in a sausage and you are laughing.
:18:35. > :18:43.We dressed the producer up, we gave him a tray of tasty snacks, we took
:18:43. > :18:53.to the streets. Would you like a little snack? Not particularly.
:18:53. > :18:55.
:18:55. > :19:02.What about a quick bee? There you go. The source is coming through.
:19:02. > :19:08.People have much more of an appetite for anthropods than I
:19:08. > :19:15.expected. Maybe we will be eating those insect sausages after all.
:19:16. > :19:19.How much a person eats, uses energy and lives depends on where they are
:19:19. > :19:24.born and their lifestyle. Some nations consume much more than
:19:25. > :19:30.their fair share of natural resources than others. Sonja
:19:30. > :19:39.Rodriguez moved from Mexico to the US and her level of consumption
:19:39. > :19:43.increased. She loves to shop, on a typical
:19:43. > :19:48.spree she will spend $300. More than when she lived in Mexico. That
:19:49. > :19:55.is great news for the US economy, not so good for the environment.
:19:55. > :20:00.Consumption is part of the American dream. Do you think living in
:20:00. > :20:10.America makes you consume more? believe so, yes. You have more
:20:10. > :20:11.
:20:11. > :20:14.options. There are more sensations. Having easy access to things
:20:14. > :20:18.facilitates increasing the consumption. Consumer spending
:20:18. > :20:23.drives the economy and in times of crisis Americans are told to go
:20:23. > :20:29.shopping. If every country consumed as much as the US, the planet would
:20:29. > :20:34.only be able to support 1.4 billion people. This way of consumption
:20:34. > :20:42.that is spreading to developing parts of the world is undermining
:20:42. > :20:50.Earth's ecosystem. That is from the climate, the one we talk about most,
:20:50. > :20:56.pollination, Freshwater, Fisheries. All of these are being undermined.
:20:56. > :21:06.More people are trying to can seem like Americans. She may wait for
:21:06. > :21:10.the sales, but she does not go easy on her hair. The economic slowdown
:21:10. > :21:18.has forced many Americans to make savings. Many believe that trend
:21:18. > :21:25.should continue. You cannot keep spending. It is very difficult on
:21:25. > :21:30.the environment, very difficult on the people as well. 500 billion
:21:30. > :21:37.dollars are spent every year in global marketing, encouraging
:21:37. > :21:42.people to buy more things. America may lead the way in consumer