22/01/2012

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:00:25. > :00:32.More in 30 minutes. It is time for We get a rare report from a tent

:00:32. > :00:40.city in Syria. It exposes the ugly side of the cotton industry. Ten-

:00:40. > :00:44.year-old children work in India. Man's gaze of the light, we view

:00:44. > :00:53.the latest work of a British artist as a major exhibition opens in

:00:53. > :00:57.London. Welcome To Reporters. It is ten

:00:57. > :01:03.months since demonstration in the Syrian city sparked an uprising

:01:03. > :01:13.against President Assad. Since then, thousands have been killed and the

:01:13. > :01:16.

:01:16. > :01:23.protest spread through the country. We have gained rare access into the

:01:23. > :01:29.regime of. The regime does not like unexpected visitors. We went in on

:01:29. > :01:39.a government trip. This is the town where the uprising started last

:01:39. > :01:43.

:01:43. > :01:51.March. He mastered Syria with a rule of iron. His son, the current

:01:51. > :01:57.President, still promises reform. He is using his father's methods.

:01:57. > :02:03.The Governor remained a foreign conspiracy, like his son. Why would

:02:03. > :02:12.it be necessary to have all these Czech wines, sandbags, guns and

:02:12. > :02:15.soldiers? -- checkpoints. TRANSLATION: There are protesters

:02:15. > :02:22.and there are armed people. There are also those who kill for money

:02:22. > :02:30.and they use drugs. People using drugs were involved in the

:02:30. > :02:36.demonstrators there? I will not talk about Gaddafi. On the streets,

:02:36. > :02:44.people were well aware of the cameras and the government as gods.

:02:44. > :02:49.No problems here, said the owner. Syria is in their worst crisis

:02:49. > :02:59.since their independence in 1946. This city is still troubled. Almost

:02:59. > :02:59.

:02:59. > :03:03.one year after the arrest of children. There were after prayers

:03:03. > :03:11.of this task. It is the symbol of the uprising which is why the army

:03:11. > :03:14.is in control of it now. A group of men called to ask when they saw us.

:03:14. > :03:24.Then they saw we were with a group of secret policemen. They

:03:24. > :03:28.

:03:28. > :03:33.disappeared. Then a man reappeared further up. He gestured towards us.

:03:33. > :03:42.He said his position was used by its divers. Our escorts state-

:03:42. > :03:50.backed. TRANSLATION: This is a straightforward martyrs. Come See

:03:50. > :03:57.for yourself. He says there are security man and army all over the

:03:57. > :04:02.place. The Assad gangs are killing people. They break into our houses

:04:02. > :04:10.and arrest us after we are gone, he said. He said 18 had been killed in

:04:10. > :04:14.their street in ten months. This is a portrait of her 13-year-old boy

:04:14. > :04:20.who says they were shot by security forces. Nine decide had been beaten

:04:20. > :04:26.and neither can win. Unless there is a political deal, Syria will

:04:26. > :04:31.continue to -- its slide into civil war.

:04:31. > :04:36.Major clothing stores across the UK are being urged to do more to stop

:04:36. > :04:41.child labour in their supply chains. The BBC has seen evidence that in

:04:41. > :04:51.India, children as an as 10 are working in bandage -- dangerous

:04:51. > :04:58.

:04:58. > :05:03.conditions for little pay. On a transport system from another age,

:05:03. > :05:12.the cotton harvest is taken to market. Here in rural India is the

:05:12. > :05:20.bottom end of a global supply changed. -- chain. This auction is

:05:20. > :05:24.an early stage in an industry which generates billions. But local

:05:24. > :05:33.activists showed us how little of that wealth comebacks here. It

:05:33. > :05:38.begins with child workers in the cotton fields. This girl is not at

:05:38. > :05:41.school sheeting she is ten years old but she is not sure. She picks

:05:41. > :05:50.cotton for long hours with her older sister. Their arms are

:05:50. > :06:00.covered in scratches. TRANSLATION: We came up for all five months ago.

:06:00. > :06:02.

:06:02. > :06:05.The work is hard. The next step is processing the cotton. We found

:06:05. > :06:10.children reading end of thick with cotton dust which can cause chronic

:06:10. > :06:20.lung disease at an early age. No sign of protective clothing or

:06:20. > :06:22.

:06:22. > :06:28.masks. Local activists call it the horror of the White cloud. It is

:06:28. > :06:34.impossible to say but the kids look at no more or older than 11 or 12.

:06:34. > :06:39.Many come from far away, send in bulk by Labour agents. Trade

:06:39. > :06:47.unionists say they had been campaigning for change for years.

:06:47. > :06:53.The government is getting richer and richer and the lack of the

:06:54. > :06:59.worker is getting worse. -- the life. We visited three factories,

:06:59. > :07:06.all were pretty much the same. Despite us openly filming, the

:07:06. > :07:12.manager said everything was in order. Further on in the supply

:07:12. > :07:17.chain, working conditions improve dramatically. Here, big British

:07:17. > :07:25.retailers by Dexter's the directly from this company. The workers are

:07:25. > :07:31.well looked after, masks are routine. Most big high-street

:07:31. > :07:34.stores cannot trace their cotton to their souls. Nine a week, -- nine

:07:34. > :07:42.we conducted would be issued. They said they do not tolerate bad

:07:42. > :07:50.labour practices. But does this Prom has extended his factory? We

:07:50. > :07:53.found two children far away from home. A worker would be as they

:07:53. > :08:02.were sent here from a distant village by their parents. They

:08:02. > :08:12.never get paid. They are only 11. Their work is in a well the

:08:12. > :08:13.

:08:13. > :08:17.industry that does not know how or where much of its cotton is made.

:08:17. > :08:20.Staying with the theme of Child exploitation, the Swiss government

:08:20. > :08:26.has been asked to apologise to thousands of the country's children

:08:26. > :08:32.who were taken away from their families and sent to work at farms

:08:32. > :08:37.in a scheme that ensued -- ended more than 50 years ago. Many say

:08:37. > :08:44.they were abused and treated as slave labour. It is only now that

:08:44. > :08:49.the story of these children have emerged. This man is remembering

:08:49. > :08:57.his childhood. This is the only picture of himself he has. Behind

:08:57. > :09:03.it lies a story of exploitation and abuse. TRANSLATION: One morning,

:09:03. > :09:08.when I was four, my mother took me on a train to the country. He said

:09:08. > :09:18.I had -- she said I had his day there. That is when I lost my faith

:09:18. > :09:19.

:09:19. > :09:24.in people. I had to work on the start and they hit me every day.

:09:24. > :09:28.was an indentured child. A common practice in Switzerland until the

:09:29. > :09:35.1950s. Children were taken away from parents authorities deemed

:09:35. > :09:38.unfit and sends -- was sent to work on farms. Today, Switzerland is a

:09:39. > :09:42.wealthy country but until the mid- 20th century they were poor and

:09:42. > :09:49.rural. Tens of thousands of children were sent away to farms

:09:49. > :09:59.where they had to work for nothing. Many were beaten and abused. But

:09:59. > :10:02.

:10:02. > :10:08.until now, it was not something the After decades of silence, a feature

:10:08. > :10:15.film about this has become a box- office hit. They've got letters

:10:15. > :10:19.e were confiscated. And an exhibition

:10:19. > :10:28.of with detailed accounts. It is forcing Switzerland to face up to

:10:28. > :10:38.the past. It is time to talk about it. We tell our friends. Every

:10:38. > :10:38.

:10:38. > :10:44.third person says, my mother and my grandfather was a victim.

:10:44. > :10:49.publicity cannot give back the lost years and it damaged lives. Peter

:10:49. > :10:54.had little education and now cannot work. TRANSLATION: My child would

:10:54. > :10:58.was stolen from me. One icy little children I feel like saying,

:10:58. > :11:05.imagine if someone took your child away and sent him off to strangers.

:11:05. > :11:09.She cannot imagine that. I can scarcely imagine it now. But as

:11:09. > :11:16.awareness grows, pressure is growing as well for more support

:11:16. > :11:26.for surviving contract children for financial compensation, perhaps. Or

:11:26. > :11:29.

:11:29. > :11:35.an official apology at least from Darfur is no longer be headline for

:11:35. > :11:39.humanitarian crisis. The repercussions of the confits is

:11:40. > :11:49.still being felt by refugees. The aid official who tried to raise the

:11:50. > :11:54.

:11:55. > :12:00.alarm of many years ago has now been expelled from Chad. Our

:12:00. > :12:05.correspondent has been talking to him.

:12:05. > :12:12.Aisha was just a baby when war and disease took away both her parents

:12:12. > :12:18.in a Darfur. She is one of 200,000 refugees from the conflicts in

:12:18. > :12:24.camps in eastern Chad. It was the first genocide of the 21st century.

:12:24. > :12:31.Ten years after the dreadful events in Darfur began, the survivors are

:12:31. > :12:41.still unable to return it to their homes. The world was powerless to

:12:41. > :12:42.

:12:42. > :12:48.prevent the campaign of murder against the people of Darfur. Now,

:12:48. > :12:58.the man who first revealed what was going on, the former I UN chief in

:12:58. > :12:59.

:12:59. > :13:04.a Darfur, has been banned from visiting the camps. These are

:13:04. > :13:14.reminders of the genocidal war 10 he is ago, which continues to this

:13:14. > :13:15.

:13:15. > :13:20.day. -- ten years ago. It is getting worse, not better. Broken

:13:20. > :13:27.families still come across the border, leaving behind the chaos of

:13:27. > :13:33.Darfur, to live in the refugee camps.

:13:33. > :13:37.Staying in Africa, two well-known aid agencies say thousands of lives

:13:37. > :13:44.lost because of warnings about a family in East Africa were not

:13:44. > :13:53.taken seriously. -- a famine. They say it agencies took months to

:13:53. > :13:58.respond and there are now worries as a new threats in West Africa. --

:13:58. > :14:03.worries about a new threat. The mothers are waiting for this

:14:04. > :14:09.health clinic to open. Their children need treatment for

:14:10. > :14:19.malnutrition. It is this baby's third visit and she is showing

:14:20. > :14:20.

:14:20. > :14:30.progress. Many more children are at risk of severe malnutrition across

:14:30. > :14:36.this area of Africa. The last rain stops early in many places and

:14:36. > :14:45.pests it damages to crops. This is supposed to be one of the bread

:14:45. > :14:51.baskets of the country. The water seems more precious than usual. The

:14:51. > :14:58.harbours only gave us 10% of the food we need, this woman says. A

:14:58. > :15:08.husband went to Nigeria to find work. She has to fetch wood and

:15:08. > :15:10.

:15:10. > :15:20.water. This -- there is crane on sale in the markets but the poor

:15:20. > :15:28.

:15:28. > :15:37.cannot afford the prices. -- is grain. There is still a shortage of

:15:37. > :15:42.500,000 tonnes. This places more importance on the way in which

:15:43. > :15:47.sensors like this show mothers have they can reduce the chances their

:15:47. > :15:55.children will become malnourished - - centres. There is a window of a

:15:55. > :15:58.couple of months to get help to the most vulnerable. There is every

:15:58. > :16:06.likelihood the world will have another humanitarian crisis on its

:16:06. > :16:11.hand. Ostrich meat has been growing in

:16:12. > :16:18.popularity in Europe. Supplies from the biggest farming industry in

:16:18. > :16:22.South Africa currently banned from the EU because of but a break of

:16:22. > :16:26.avian flu, which has led to thousands of the birds being

:16:26. > :16:31.slaughtered. Farmers are starting to worry the industry may never

:16:31. > :16:35.recover. The Western Cape it is home to the

:16:35. > :16:45.largest population of four hostages in the world but that is now under

:16:45. > :16:47.

:16:47. > :16:53.threat. -- these birds. It is costing the industry $80 million a

:16:53. > :16:59.month. Zackie Jonker is one of the leading exporters in this area. He

:16:59. > :17:05.has lost more than 6,000 birds in the last two months. Here, he

:17:05. > :17:15.priest hundreds of birds under strict EU regulations. Austerities

:17:15. > :17:17.

:17:17. > :17:27.are culling birds on all properties where even just one animal

:17:27. > :17:28.

:17:28. > :17:33.contracted the disease -- he breeds. The farmers want new rules to be

:17:33. > :17:39.introduced, different from the current protocol. Unlike paltry

:17:39. > :17:45.which is rich in confined places, these birds have asked areas. More

:17:45. > :17:54.than 40,000 birds have been killed in this region alone. On this farm,

:17:54. > :18:03.39 people have lost their jobs. Normally used -- you would see many

:18:03. > :18:07.of people in this area. This is Highgate Ostrich Show Farm, popular

:18:07. > :18:15.with local and international tourists. Hundreds come here to

:18:15. > :18:22.ride and buying the products. -- and buy the products. Arenhold

:18:22. > :18:32.Hooper owns the farm. For the first time in 80 years, the farm is

:18:32. > :18:42.without birds. We have had to switch off lights and try to save

:18:42. > :18:42.

:18:43. > :18:51.wherever we can. Our resources are running out. There is not much time.

:18:51. > :19:01.While he carefully nurtures his baby birds, he does everything he

:19:01. > :19:08.

:19:08. > :19:11.A major exhibition of the landscape work of the British artist David

:19:11. > :19:17.Hockney has opened at the Royal Academy of Arts. It is a show that

:19:17. > :19:23.includes enormous canvases drawing form films, displaying up on video

:19:23. > :19:29.screens. It is inspired by the landscapes of his native Yorkshire

:19:29. > :19:39.in northern England. We went to me saying and heard his views on art,

:19:39. > :19:40.

:19:40. > :19:44.and life. -- we went to meet him. As his pictures get bigger, he has

:19:44. > :19:49.bigger queues, and he wants us to step back and think about the

:19:49. > :19:58.bigger picture. The majority of the exhibition is about his recent work,

:19:58. > :20:08.which is the landscape of his home county of Yorkshire.

:20:08. > :20:11.

:20:11. > :20:18.Why Yorkshire? It was not plan. I told my friends in Los Angeles, I

:20:18. > :20:27.am on a location, as they say in Hollywood. How much of the

:20:27. > :20:35.Hollywood hills are in these paintings? California has amazing

:20:35. > :20:44.light. The light is not as intense in Yorkshire but there is more

:20:44. > :20:53.variety. What do you think about wind farms? There is PC in

:20:53. > :21:00.everything. Even in a wind farm. -- beauty. Sometimes they dump rubbish,

:21:00. > :21:10.old refrigerators. Sometimes I think, how can they do it, but

:21:10. > :21:19.other times, I think that looks quite nice next to that tree.

:21:19. > :21:29.of the things you have to live with is the moniker of being written's

:21:29. > :21:32.

:21:32. > :21:42.best artist. -- Britain's. I am not to social, I am to death. Deafness

:21:42. > :21:47.

:21:47. > :21:52.plays a part in all of this. -- I am a too deaf. First there was