:00:22. > :00:27.That's the latest BBC News. Now, it As North Korea celebrates the
:00:27. > :00:30.centenary of its founding father, Damian Grammaticas gets their
:00:30. > :00:34.clients inside the secretive country.
:00:34. > :00:38.Will Ross returns to northern Uganda to find children no longer
:00:38. > :00:42.living in fear of being abducted by the your's Resistance Army.
:00:42. > :00:46.-- Lord's Resistance Army. And a report from Naples on the
:00:46. > :00:54.rise of the poll -- melodic pop stars whose music is to go down
:00:54. > :00:58.well with the Mafia. Welcome to Reporters. North Korea
:00:58. > :01:03.is of course one of the world's most reclusive and repressive
:01:03. > :01:08.regimes. And it has just staged the biggest celebration in its history.
:01:08. > :01:12.They marked the 100 anniversary of the birth of North Korea's founding
:01:12. > :01:16.father, Kim Il Sung. Journalists were invited to see show farms and
:01:16. > :01:20.factories and Pyongyang wanted to show off its latest satellite
:01:20. > :01:25.rocket, which many believed was a long-range missile test. But the
:01:25. > :01:29.rocket exploded shortly after take- off. Damian Grammaticas was the
:01:29. > :01:32.only British broadcaster It allowed inside the country for the
:01:32. > :01:37.anniversary. -- broadcast allowed.
:01:37. > :01:42.Vast and empty streets. Not a shopfront or and it anywhere.
:01:42. > :01:49.Welcome to the world's last Stalinist state, preparing a party
:01:49. > :01:59.for its dead but eternal leader, Kim Il Sung. Even the walls are
:01:59. > :02:01.
:02:01. > :02:09.being watched. It is like faces. Acting on cue, every single
:02:09. > :02:18.one in a crowd of perhaps 100,000. It is the start of the week of
:02:18. > :02:27.celebrations. And the emotion, almost exaggerated. North Korea's
:02:27. > :02:32.two former dictators are revered like gods. The nation is told to
:02:32. > :02:35.give thanks for the nation they are told is a powerful and prosperous
:02:35. > :02:38.nation. Few would recognise the country as
:02:39. > :02:44.powerful or prosperous but what sustains it is a personality cult
:02:44. > :02:52.built around the Kim dynasty. As the crowds dispersed, we were told
:02:52. > :02:57.we could not talk to any of them. Instead, we were brought to this
:02:58. > :03:03.model silk spinning factory. It has never fired a single worker, I was
:03:03. > :03:07.told. Apparently, it is all down to the generous guidance of the two
:03:08. > :03:13.Keehan's. Kim Il Sung, always grinning in every in each, and his
:03:13. > :03:19.less smiley son. Under their watch, the workers get interactive
:03:19. > :03:23.instruction in mathematics, physics and English. This birthday
:03:23. > :03:29.celebration for Kim Il Sung is the biggest national event in our
:03:29. > :03:33.country. I will celebrate by working even harder. This woman has
:03:33. > :03:39.spent almost 30 years labouring here. Like everyone, she sticks to
:03:39. > :03:42.the same script. That the father and son deserve the credit for
:03:42. > :03:46.everything. TRANSLATION: When they were alive, they instructed us to
:03:47. > :03:52.provide close for the people. This year, we have exceeded annual quota
:03:52. > :03:56.in just three months. Ours is of course a highly controlled visit.
:03:56. > :04:01.The ladies we just spoke to, as soon as we stopped talking to them,
:04:01. > :04:05.they stopped work. Outside, there are glimpses of the different North
:04:05. > :04:09.Korea that flash past. We would like to stop and see them but we
:04:09. > :04:16.cannot. We were whisked past grim- looking villages and people toiling
:04:16. > :04:23.by hand in their fields to be shown this. 8,000 hectares fruit farm,
:04:23. > :04:27.all perfect rows. -- a thousand hectares. It is the way North Korea
:04:27. > :04:33.wants to be seen. Ordered, efficient, a modern miracle.
:04:33. > :04:37.TRANSLATION: I am very happy working here. It is thanks to look
:04:37. > :04:41.-- to the leaders who have ruled North Korea since it was founded.
:04:41. > :04:47.Everyone here keeps telling us how wise and benevolent the ruling
:04:47. > :04:51.dynasty are. The inspiration for this place, we are told, all came
:04:51. > :04:55.from the leader, Kim Jong Il. It is down to his wise guidance and his
:04:55. > :04:59.investments. But there is always the impression nothing is quite as
:04:59. > :05:03.it seems. The workers did not actually look to be doing much. And
:05:03. > :05:09.right in the middle, she is putting the box back on the line. Cartons
:05:09. > :05:15.of Jews going round and round. But North Korea says it is
:05:15. > :05:18.misunderstood. -- juice. That is why it showed us a new farm
:05:18. > :05:24.breeding turtles, an expensive delicacy. It cost millions so I
:05:24. > :05:31.asked when it would make a profit. TRANSLATION: It is hard to explain
:05:31. > :05:38.to you capitalists. To ask, profit does not matter. -- to us. But not
:05:38. > :05:43.far away, mauled their fields. The theme park under construction.
:05:43. > :05:49.more their fields. Lines of Xavi hearts. Contradictions of a country
:05:49. > :05:54.that struggles to feed its people. Yet its leader has grandiose dreams.
:05:54. > :05:57.-- lines of shabby huts. It is now almost five years since
:05:57. > :06:06.the Lord's Resistance Army left northern Uganda. The rebels, many
:06:06. > :06:09.of whom were abducted bring children, have continued to cause
:06:09. > :06:14.atrocities across Eastern Congo and South Sudan. But the north of
:06:14. > :06:18.Uganda is for the first time in decades enjoying peace. A East
:06:18. > :06:24.Africa Correspondent has returned to Kitgum from where he recorded
:06:24. > :06:28.for the BBC at the height of the conflict.
:06:28. > :06:36.There is laughter in the dawn chorus these days. Unlike five
:06:36. > :06:41.years ago, when the war was on, the children of northern Uganda are now
:06:41. > :06:45.safe. May we stand still for the national anthem. The hunger to
:06:45. > :06:52.learn is strong but it is not interrupted by the terror of
:06:52. > :06:58.rewarding rebels. During that time, they had the trauma of running here
:06:58. > :07:01.and there. Especially if they had grunge -- gunshots. That was a time
:07:01. > :07:05.when many young children were abducted. When I was here in
:07:05. > :07:09.northern Uganda at the height of the conflict, at about this time of
:07:09. > :07:13.day when the sun was setting, there was an extraordinary spectacle.
:07:13. > :07:20.Thousands of children would abandon their homes and walked to shelters
:07:20. > :07:24.like these because the risk of abduction was so high. At least
:07:24. > :07:29.here they have some protection against the Lord's Resistance Army
:07:29. > :07:34.rebels who stalked the villagers, forcefully recruiting child
:07:34. > :07:37.soldiers. The last time I met Geoffrey was nine years ago. He had
:07:37. > :07:46.just been rushed to hospital after the rebels hacked off his fingers,
:07:46. > :07:49.ears and lips. TRANSLATION: -- unable to write and forced to give
:07:49. > :07:56.up school, Jeffrey says he is determined his three children get
:07:56. > :08:01.an education. As he struggles to move on with his life, Jeffrey says
:08:02. > :08:07.he has since met and even be given the young man who mutilated him. On
:08:07. > :08:10.the other side of the same market, a man who terrorised these
:08:10. > :08:15.communities for years. Despite countless testimonies from people
:08:15. > :08:21.who escaped captivity, this former commander denies being responsible
:08:21. > :08:26.for leading the race to abduct children. TRANSLATION: People are
:08:26. > :08:31.still very angry with me. I have not been accepted back in the
:08:31. > :08:35.community. In fact, I fear someone will poison me so I do not touch
:08:35. > :08:40.locally brewed drinks any more. Northern Uganda is still haunted by
:08:40. > :08:44.the war, which lasted more than 20 years. A huge effort is now needed
:08:44. > :08:49.to halt this brutalised region recover and to reconcile Community
:08:49. > :08:55.is. -- help this. At least the children are now free to dream of
:08:55. > :08:59.more than just survival. The future of Greece in the
:09:00. > :09:04.eurozone remains uncertain. But in one town at least, the euro is no
:09:04. > :09:09.longer seen as the only currency of the future. Trade in Volos in
:09:09. > :09:13.central Greece has set up an internal system which works through
:09:13. > :09:16.bartering and exchanging goods and services. Our correspondent Mark
:09:16. > :09:21.Lowen has been to seen the idea in action.
:09:21. > :09:26.A wander down to Volos market and one thing you will not need is
:09:26. > :09:31.money. From handicrafts the food, everything is for sale through TEM,
:09:31. > :09:36.a new alternative currency. Locals build up credit by offering goods
:09:36. > :09:39.also a of us has forced there there are bad you the his recording in a
:09:39. > :09:42.sense sure, due to net were, allowing them to spend the currency
:09:42. > :09:50.on whatever they choose. He traditional by three exist do this
:09:50. > :09:55.return it to to date's Green is for us there -- return it to today's
:09:55. > :10:03.Greece. I can use it to exchange it for what I can offer. We have
:10:03. > :10:09.reached the bottom of our lives. Now, we can think in a different
:10:09. > :10:12.way. The network has built up over 800 members since it began and it
:10:12. > :10:16.is growing every day. A grassroots initiative for people struggling to
:10:16. > :10:21.afford things with euros. And it has spawned other buttering
:10:21. > :10:31.exchange systems around the country as Greeks look for new ways to beat
:10:31. > :10:34.
:10:34. > :10:38.Volos is suffering like many Greek cities. The alternative currency
:10:38. > :10:43.has re-energised a community searching for a glimmer of hope.
:10:43. > :10:53.The Mayor has backed the project but thinks two currencies can't co-
:10:53. > :10:54.
:10:54. > :11:03.exist. We think it is a good way out of the deep economic and social
:11:03. > :11:08.crisis. It is an initiative that supplements the euro but does not
:11:08. > :11:15.replace the Europe. It is gaining pace. This is a local business
:11:15. > :11:18.using the network. It gives fresh opportunities to the workers.
:11:18. > :11:24.TRANSLATION: We can buy bread and meat in exchange for our products
:11:24. > :11:28.and the girls can go to the hairdresser. I grew up in a village.
:11:28. > :11:32.This was how it used to work in the old days before money was involved.
:11:32. > :11:37.The next generation is benefiting. Parents who can no longer afford
:11:37. > :11:42.these workshops for their children can pay in part with TEM. The euro
:11:42. > :11:49.may not be forced out but there is now an alternative and which many
:11:49. > :11:58.other pending. A simple idea given this community fresh optimism. --
:11:58. > :12:01.giving. There can't be many capital cities
:12:01. > :12:06.like Berlin - destroyed and split for half a century and then opening
:12:06. > :12:10.up again for business. The city is famous for its underground arts and
:12:10. > :12:20.music scene. Some residents fear this sub culture is under threat as
:12:20. > :12:23.
:12:23. > :12:32.new developments begin to take over. This is one of Berlin's iconic
:12:32. > :12:40.buildings. Known as the Tahalis, it has been home to down-at-heel
:12:40. > :12:46.artists for 20 years. It is earmarked for development. Berlin's
:12:46. > :12:52.Mayor once called this city poor but sexy. But not so poor anymore.
:12:52. > :13:02.Residents say Berlin is changing. Berlin is getting more posh and is
:13:02. > :13:07.losing more of the artist's. This is not Berlin any more. A short
:13:07. > :13:15.distance away, buskers and detain people at an open-air market in an
:13:15. > :13:24.upcoming area. This was a mixed area in the old East Berlin, but
:13:24. > :13:29.now it is upwardly-mobile. There are more restaurants, bars, shops.
:13:29. > :13:33.They are for people who have a lot of money. Big corporate money has
:13:34. > :13:37.come into Berlin. Potsdamer Platz are on the rota of the old Berlin
:13:37. > :13:43.Wall and to look like -- looks like any of the world's corporate
:13:43. > :13:46.complexes. In came lawyers and accountants and professionals.
:13:46. > :13:56.There are tensions between this new money and all the residents were
:13:56. > :13:57.
:13:57. > :14:03.being priced out. -- Alder. This is the latest battlefield. A grungy,
:14:03. > :14:11.run-down part of the city. It is also a piece of prime real estate
:14:11. > :14:16.in a global city where the money is rushing in. There was a scheme to
:14:16. > :14:26.cite an exhibition sponsored by BMW and the cook and I'm foundation of
:14:26. > :14:26.
:14:26. > :14:30.the York -- Guggenheim foundation of New York. But it was cancelled.
:14:30. > :14:39.But the city government is driving through change to make Berlin more
:14:39. > :14:47.prosperous. No more poor but sexy. Berlin does not have the number of
:14:47. > :14:53.jobs that it needs. It is a mix of old and new light all cities. But
:14:53. > :15:03.grunge Berlin is wary of capitalism. 10 billion have the jobs it needs
:15:03. > :15:08.and keep its altar, gritty side? -- alter.
:15:08. > :15:16.Chile is renowned for its copper mines. It produces one third of all
:15:16. > :15:19.the world's crop up. It amounts to 70% of all Chilean exports. With
:15:19. > :15:27.the mining Broome, farmers and food producers have to compete with
:15:27. > :15:33.mining companies for an essential resource - water.
:15:33. > :15:39.Not so long ago, these vineyards in Copiapo Valley where grain. Now,
:15:39. > :15:44.they added. Water from a natural underground reservoir is now being
:15:44. > :15:48.pumped by a mining company digging for copper. Farmers say conditions
:15:48. > :15:54.in his belly are ideal for agriculture. The on going mining
:15:54. > :16:01.boom is changing everything. Just like farms and vineyards, mining
:16:01. > :16:10.companies need water. As more of them come to this analysis, this
:16:10. > :16:15.war for water rages on. The mining firms have money on their side.
:16:15. > :16:21.Many farmers decide to sell because the offers are so attractive. Some
:16:21. > :16:25.resist but say the conditions for vineyards have become harder.
:16:25. > :16:31.TRANSLATION: It is a family business. We have been growing
:16:31. > :16:37.grapes here since 1948. But it is becoming harder. A few years back,
:16:37. > :16:47.I had to pump water from 60 metres underground. Now I have to get it
:16:47. > :16:48.
:16:48. > :16:52.from over 140 metres away. It is so vital for Chile's economy that it
:16:52. > :17:02.is hard for small growers to challenge it. But the state is
:17:02. > :17:05.
:17:06. > :17:15.aware of the issue. If Chile would like to continue to be a mining
:17:16. > :17:17.
:17:17. > :17:23.country and a country that has extra value from agriculture, we
:17:23. > :17:30.need to make sure that everybody has enough water. While the
:17:30. > :17:38.government is busy, growers in Copiapo Valley know that if there
:17:38. > :17:43.is no progress soon, they vineyards might end up like this.
:17:43. > :17:50.Over the years, at the Italian city of Naples has developed its own
:17:50. > :17:54.tradition of music. The Neomelodic style. Widely popular across Italy,
:17:54. > :18:01.there are now complains that the songs are a little too authentic.
:18:01. > :18:09.The musicians are accused of failing to oppose the power of the
:18:09. > :18:17.mafia. Love, heartache, happiness and
:18:17. > :18:27.desire. The themes are not exactly new. But this is just a little
:18:27. > :18:35.different. It is a love song for Naples. Rosario is a rising star in
:18:35. > :18:39.the Neomelodic music scene. Often singing in the Neapolitan dialect,
:18:39. > :18:47.local artists connect with the fans in the streets where the style
:18:47. > :18:50.emerged. But some critics ask why the influential stars do not
:18:50. > :18:55.confront some of Naples's tougher issues, like poverty and
:18:55. > :19:05.joblessness. Rosario says that is the last thing his fans want to
:19:05. > :19:09.
:19:10. > :19:13.hear. TRANSLATION: I only sing love songs. I prefer to avoid the social
:19:13. > :19:23.problems because my audience is not a target that cares about issues in
:19:23. > :19:29.Naples. They are teenagers. here in Naples, being planned it is
:19:29. > :19:34.not the only criticism levelled at the Neomelodic scene. A much more
:19:34. > :19:39.serious allegation is directed at some singers. The critics say that
:19:39. > :19:45.the music appeals a bit too close to the criminal underworld that
:19:45. > :19:55.plagues Naples. They say some songs, lyrics almost seemed to empathise
:19:55. > :19:55.
:19:55. > :20:02.with the men of violence. A song about the execution of someone who
:20:02. > :20:10.has betrayed a boss in the Naples Mafia. It is not true that the boss
:20:10. > :20:17.is evil, go the lyrics. We have to respect him. A local investigated
:20:17. > :20:21.journalist condemns this fawning over the gangsters. TRANSLATION:
:20:21. > :20:26.When you write songs that glamorise these characters, you risk being an
:20:26. > :20:31.apologist for the mafia and that is a bad example for young people. The
:20:31. > :20:40.business around these people is often brought by mafia clans. --
:20:40. > :20:48.often have rolled. Rosario except that enables, sometimes the worlds
:20:48. > :20:53.of the artist and gangster converge. TRANSLATION: We're just sinners and
:20:53. > :21:03.we do not ask for a criminal record of the people we perform for. I can
:21:03. > :21:05.
:21:05. > :21:10.seen at the party of a worker, the Mayor or anybody else. But he would