:00:04. > :00:14.to the border with Ireland could have caused immense loss of life --
:00:14. > :00:21.
:00:21. > :00:25.van bomb. Time for reporters. -- Reporters.
:00:25. > :00:32.Liberia's former president is found guilty of aiding and abetting war
:00:32. > :00:37.crimes in Sierra Leone. We returned to Sierra Leone as the shakes off
:00:37. > :00:41.its violent past. Attack to with acid. The Pakistani
:00:41. > :00:45.women's side for life by their husbands.
:00:45. > :00:52.Reporting from inside America's high-security Research Laboratory,
:00:52. > :00:57.where they are leading the investigation into bovine foot-and-
:00:57. > :01:00.mouth disease. The former president of Liberia,
:01:00. > :01:05.Charles Taylor, has been found guilty by a special court in The
:01:05. > :01:11.Hague of aiding and abetting war crimes committed by rebels in
:01:11. > :01:14.Sierra Leone's civil war in the 1990s. The rebels armed by Charles
:01:14. > :01:24.Taylor were responsible for crimes against humanity including murder
:01:24. > :01:30.
:01:30. > :01:35.and recruiting child soldiers. Ten years of war reduced Sierra
:01:35. > :01:40.Leone to a poverty it has not yet escaped. Here, children scavenge in
:01:40. > :01:44.the rubbish of four pieces of plastic they might sell for pennies.
:01:44. > :01:52.This patch of land is still known as the happy t care although it has
:01:52. > :02:00.now long gone. In the 1990s, it was home to a segment of men, women and
:02:00. > :02:09.children who had their limbs severed by a machete or axe. This
:02:09. > :02:17.was the call card of the rebel army. They took my food and cut it off
:02:17. > :02:22.with an axe. Not in one blow. It took five or six times.
:02:22. > :02:29.He says he had heard of Charles Taylor on the radio threatening to
:02:29. > :02:34.make Sierra Leone taste of the bitterness of war. This is my
:02:34. > :02:44.strong conviction that everything that happened to Sierra Leone was
:02:44. > :02:49.
:02:49. > :02:55.Charles Taylor's doing. I will be happy if I see him behind bars and
:02:55. > :02:59.not breathing be seen air that we brief -- not breathing the same air
:02:59. > :03:02.that we breathe. If Charles Taylor was the president of the
:03:02. > :03:07.neighbouring state of Liberia and has been on trial in The Hague 4th
:03:07. > :03:12.last four hears. The indictment charges him with terrorising
:03:12. > :03:21.civilians, unlawful killings, sexualises, abductions and the use
:03:21. > :03:27.of child soldiers. -- sexual violence. Three hours away from
:03:27. > :03:32.Freetown, the memory of war his role. Rolls threat -- swept through
:03:32. > :03:40.here in an orgy of burning and looting. The air is no industry
:03:40. > :03:48.here. This woman is making palm oil with Iron Age technology. They are
:03:48. > :03:53.at last were dumped in the town's water supply. -- they are at last
:03:53. > :03:58.for rebuilding the town's water supply. The war stopped all
:03:58. > :04:05.progress here. Change is coming at last and it is the Chinese and will
:04:05. > :04:11.bring it. Chinese money is about to put a rubber plantation here, a
:04:11. > :04:20.pineapple rove and rice fields. Chinese are making very the loose
:04:20. > :04:27.in Sierra Leone. They have injected $1.2 billion into like a culture.
:04:27. > :04:34.That will help to increase the economy and the status of the
:04:34. > :04:38.people. We are expecting 10,000 jobs as a result. In Freetown,
:04:38. > :04:44.there is more evidence of Chinese letter change. We ran into a
:04:44. > :04:50.technicians supervising a road- building project. Lives are being
:04:50. > :04:56.changed. They are training me and I am so
:04:56. > :05:01.happy to work with them. They have trained to be as a surveyor.
:05:01. > :05:07.So lonely, the wheels of economic activity are turning again. There
:05:07. > :05:12.are vast resources in this country. The red dust indicates high
:05:12. > :05:19.concentration of iron ore. The London mining company has just
:05:19. > :05:28.reactivate of his mind. It has been dormant since the 1960s. Employment
:05:28. > :05:32.will be approximately 2,000 people. In the second phase, that will be
:05:32. > :05:38.another 20 years and it will require a larger workforce. Of this
:05:38. > :05:44.land is astonishingly wealthy in minerals.
:05:44. > :05:49.This country and its people's fortunes could be turned around.
:05:49. > :05:52.But this is a curse as well as a blessing because this is what
:05:52. > :06:02.brought war to Sierra Leone in the first place and this is what paid
:06:02. > :06:03.
:06:03. > :06:13.for it to continue for so long. It was diamond mines that built
:06:13. > :06:15.
:06:15. > :06:19.Charles -- brought Charles Taylor to Sierra Leone.
:06:20. > :06:29.Democracy in this country is very securely. This government came to
:06:29. > :06:36.power after winning elections. This does not happen often in many
:06:36. > :06:41.halves of Africa. The transition was very smooth.
:06:41. > :06:46.The trial of Charles Taylor has been an ongoing part of that
:06:46. > :06:51.transition. For many here, if it is a stepping stone on their return to
:06:51. > :06:57.normal life. Acid attacks on women are a horror
:06:57. > :07:00.story of our times. The cruelty, paying an disintegration are almost
:07:00. > :07:05.unimaginable but it is a real and regular danger for women in
:07:05. > :07:12.Pakistan and several neighbouring countries. Hundreds of them every
:07:12. > :07:17.year are attacked by men they have supposedly defending. This report
:07:17. > :07:26.contains distressing images. This young woman has been scarred for
:07:26. > :07:32.life with versions of 15% of her body. Her name means candle. Like
:07:32. > :07:37.many of a Pakistani women, she says her husband doused her in acid. She
:07:37. > :07:45.was too proud of her beauty, he said.
:07:45. > :07:53.TRANSLATION: I feel pain at what I was and what I have become. All the
:07:53. > :08:01.colours have gone for my life. I feel like I am a living corpse.
:08:01. > :08:07.She is one of the newest arrivals in this dilapidated hospital. The
:08:07. > :08:17.doctors tried to relieve her pain but cannot ease her despair.
:08:17. > :08:19.
:08:19. > :08:29.TRANSLATION: I cannot say anything about the future. Maybe I will not
:08:29. > :08:30.
:08:30. > :08:39.be alive. I will try to return to how I was. I have to work to build
:08:39. > :08:49.a future for my children and if I cannot, I will do what one or two
:08:49. > :08:49.
:08:49. > :08:53.of the women have done. They killed themselves.
:08:53. > :08:59.This was one of those girls. This is what she looked like 13 years a
:08:59. > :09:06.go before acid was flung in her face. Her former husband from a
:09:06. > :09:10.powerful family was acquitted of the crime. This was her after the
:09:10. > :09:17.attack. She endured almost 40 surgery is before committing
:09:17. > :09:23.suicide of last month. In this hospital, there are new cases of
:09:23. > :09:28.acid attacks every week. The laws here have been tightened. Offenders
:09:28. > :09:34.can be sentenced between 14 years and life imprisonment. Campaigners
:09:34. > :09:39.say most of these women have never get justice. This former MP who
:09:39. > :09:44.sponsored the new law says most attackers still get off Scot free.
:09:44. > :09:50.It is the easiest way to punish a woman because if the woman does not
:09:50. > :09:55.want to every two what the man wants to do, you can destroy her
:09:55. > :10:01.entire life in one second and that's all it takes. Them, even if
:10:01. > :10:05.he gets caught, he can pay a drive and get away with it. Another
:10:05. > :10:15.victim has just arrived. The fabric of her clothing is eaten away by
:10:15. > :10:16.
:10:16. > :10:22.the acid. She says her son-in-law to this after a small family
:10:22. > :10:28.dispute. He ate least is in custody. The government admits it has got to
:10:28. > :10:32.do more for women like her but says implementing the new law is a major
:10:32. > :10:41.challenge. Doctors told us many victims are forced to return to
:10:41. > :10:47.road toll mentors, to the houses or in-laws who decided them because of
:10:47. > :10:51.social pressures or money problems. Children come to visit their mother.
:10:51. > :11:01.She tells them to the good and pray that she gets better. For their
:11:01. > :11:06.
:11:06. > :11:09.sake, she will try to keep going. In recent weeks barely a day has
:11:10. > :11:15.passed without a new development around the sacked Chinese
:11:15. > :11:20.politician at the heart of a major scandal, Bo Xilai. His wife has
:11:21. > :11:27.been investigated for the murder of a British businessman, Neil Heywood.
:11:27. > :11:37.It has emerged that Bo Xilai ordered the phone-tapping of many
:11:37. > :11:43.
:11:43. > :11:53.Chinese leaders. It is the question that will not go away, how did Neil
:11:53. > :11:53.
:11:53. > :11:58.Heywood died at this hotels last November? China has promised the
:11:58. > :12:06.rule of law will prevail. As more dark secrets emerge, will that
:12:06. > :12:14.happen? The 41-year-old British businessman may have been made if.
:12:14. > :12:23.Bo Xilai has been sacked and is under investigation. -- murdered.
:12:23. > :12:31.There are rumours that Bo Xilai's wife was behind the murder. This
:12:31. > :12:38.city and its surroundings home to 20 million. The signature policy, a
:12:38. > :12:44.crackdown on crime. Smashing mafia gangs. Thousands were arrested.
:12:44. > :12:48.Many were businessmen tortured and forced to hand over their wealth.
:12:49. > :12:53.This billionaire is in hiding outside of China. He says he was
:12:53. > :12:59.held for three months, accused of crimes he did not commit and
:12:59. > :13:04.tortured by Bo Xilai's henchman. He agreed to pay millions to secure
:13:04. > :13:12.his own freedom. When he fled China, he says his family were arrested as
:13:12. > :13:18.well. My brother was tortured for six days and nights. He is innocent
:13:18. > :13:25.but sentenced to 18 years in prison. He adds there are thousands like
:13:25. > :13:35.him. Bo Xilai chilled able to silence them. He deserves to die. -
:13:35. > :13:50.
:13:50. > :13:57.- killed people. Bo Xilai's city is the fastest-growing in China.
:13:57. > :14:04.did many good things. Like many supporters, she wants him
:14:05. > :14:14.reinstated. Bo Xilai's popularity became a threat to the other grey
:14:15. > :14:16.
:14:17. > :14:23.men of China's Communist Party. Well China now reopen not just Neil
:14:23. > :14:31.Heywood's case but hundreds more? This foreign businessman says he is
:14:31. > :14:39.too scared to go back until China has the rule of law and democracy.
:14:39. > :14:44.Many victims wait for the day they will see justice. Sri Lanka remains
:14:44. > :14:53.a world famous for its tea, which is one of the country's major
:14:53. > :15:03.exports. Many of those who work in the industry leave in -- live in
:15:03. > :15:05.
:15:05. > :15:12.poverty. Sales are being delayed, workers are being let off. The
:15:12. > :15:16.landscape is breathtaking. From the forested hillside, to the huge
:15:16. > :15:25.areas clade 40 in the 19th century. The work under the sun is quite
:15:25. > :15:33.gruelling. Normally two leaves and a Bard at every time she plugs. The
:15:33. > :15:40.women's pidgins are carefully weighed. -- pigeons. If it is 18
:15:40. > :15:46.kilograms, they get $4. Any less they get $2. T worker salaries were
:15:46. > :15:50.recently doubled, their lives are still difficult. They are still
:15:50. > :15:56.some of the world's poorest people. There is no water or electricity.
:15:56. > :16:03.The young family has been hit hard by rising cost. Some days they do
:16:03. > :16:12.not all eat a square meal. Kerosene was raised by 50%. Now they cook on
:16:12. > :16:16.wood. It is very difficult now. Goods are very expensive. My
:16:16. > :16:21.husband does odd jobs with no secure income. We mainly depend on
:16:21. > :16:27.my salary. As soon as I get paid all the shop owners who have given
:16:27. > :16:33.me loans come to my doorstep to take the money. Team moves from
:16:33. > :16:43.bush to Cup in barely 24 hours. It is left for eight hours to weather.
:16:43. > :16:44.
:16:44. > :16:48.It is rolled, fermented, dried and baked. Delicious. Despite the
:16:48. > :16:55.world-beating quality of the sale on tea, its markets are under a
:16:55. > :17:02.cloud. Iran, Iraq and Syria are free of the largest buyers.
:17:02. > :17:07.Political turmoil means that prices are falling and orders are delayed.
:17:08. > :17:17.He says they face financial difficulties. Some of their
:17:18. > :17:20.
:17:20. > :17:25.colleagues face closure. We cannot run our factories. The price of tea,
:17:25. > :17:29.320, the cast is more than that. with plantation owners barely
:17:29. > :17:39.breaking even, producers are finding new ways to add value to
:17:39. > :17:39.
:17:39. > :17:43.the crop. For those who make tea, these are tough times. An outbreak
:17:43. > :17:48.of mad cow's disease in California has highlighted the risk that
:17:48. > :17:52.infection poses to the livestock industry. That is why the US
:17:53. > :17:58.government treats diseases as seriously as terrorist threats. The
:17:58. > :18:04.BBC has gained access to a high facility research facility where
:18:04. > :18:09.scientists have developed a new vaccine against food and now. That
:18:09. > :18:14.vaccine will be licensed in the coming month. -- foot-and-mouth.
:18:14. > :18:19.These were the images that one decade ago shocked the world. The
:18:19. > :18:24.bucolic farmland of Britain scarred by buyers of burning animals.
:18:24. > :18:29.Slaughtered to stop the spread of foot-and-mouth disease. US
:18:29. > :18:33.government scientists on an island laboratory have come up with a
:18:33. > :18:38.vaccine they hope will run it -- remove the need for future cars. It
:18:38. > :18:47.has taken me one of to get my security clearance, but I am here
:18:47. > :18:50.on Plum Island. This is where a scientists work with animal viruses.
:18:50. > :18:54.Even though foot-and-mouth cannot affect humans, the economic
:18:54. > :19:01.consequences of an outbreak are so severe that the Government treats
:19:01. > :19:11.the disease as a terror threat. have 100 million head of cattle. We
:19:11. > :19:15.export one-third of up pigs. The impact that industry, with a
:19:15. > :19:22.disease that is so rapidly transmissible, would have impacts
:19:22. > :19:26.of $50 billion. Tests on livestock cannot tell the difference between
:19:26. > :19:33.an animal that has been vaccinated and one that has had the disease.
:19:33. > :19:43.That can stop trade. Disease-free countries were not by infected it
:19:43. > :19:44.
:19:44. > :19:52.made. -- will not buy. This has been one of the most important
:19:52. > :19:56.innovations in the last 60 years. As well as conducting research,
:19:56. > :20:00.scientists are the first line of defence against any suspected
:20:00. > :20:10.outbreak of foot-and-mouth on mainland America. There has been
:20:10. > :20:14.
:20:14. > :20:20.more than six alerts already. This is where higher priority cases...
:20:20. > :20:24.We need to test that within 24 hours. Usually we get a result
:20:24. > :20:29.within four hours. Foot-and-mouth it is the US government's biggest
:20:29. > :20:34.concern. Other animal diseases are being discovered that could be
:20:34. > :20:40.equally devastating. Last year, Schmallenberg was identified in
:20:40. > :20:47.German livestock. It has spread into other European countries. A
:20:47. > :20:54.new vaccine for foot-and-mouth is within reach. The threat from other