:00:05. > :00:15.brick by brick. Those are the headlines. Now it is
:00:15. > :00:25.
:00:25. > :00:35.time for Reporters. Working together, David Shukman
:00:35. > :00:38.
:00:38. > :00:46.finds scientists from across the Middle East. We need civilians
:00:46. > :00:54.stuck in a Kent on the border with Turkey. We discover why wine lovers
:00:54. > :01:01.are heading to Nelson Mandela's former prison on rather -- Robben
:01:01. > :01:06.Island. Welcome to Reporters. Israelis and Iranians working side-
:01:06. > :01:11.by-side, in Today's environment that may sound far-fetched, but
:01:11. > :01:16.science has trumped politics. Countries from across the Middle
:01:16. > :01:21.East are backing a particle accelerator known as Sesame being
:01:21. > :01:27.built in Jordan. We have this inside look.
:01:27. > :01:31.A journey like no other. In the hills of Jordan something almost
:01:31. > :01:36.unimaginable is taking place. I have joined a group of scientists
:01:36. > :01:41.from Middle Eastern countries that are openly hostile to each other.
:01:41. > :01:50.In this highly volatile region, they are actually working together.
:01:50. > :01:55.Right at the back, a researcher from Israel. Riding on the bus just
:01:55. > :02:01.behind, a team from Iran. They are on their way to an extraordinary
:02:01. > :02:11.signs project that their governments are backing. A new
:02:11. > :02:16.Centre for Advanced Research to be shared, amazingly, by all of them.
:02:16. > :02:24.A hand of friendship is offered across a violent divide. A
:02:24. > :02:29.Palestinian side-by-side with an Israeli. In this land of ancient
:02:29. > :02:39.hatreds, science is achieving what diplomacy has failed to. Creating
:02:39. > :02:41.
:02:41. > :02:46.an extremely rare sight. People who never normally meet happy to stand
:02:46. > :02:52.together. They have come to see a project called Sesame. A vast
:02:52. > :02:58.instrument known as synchrotron, designed to investigate the tiniest
:02:58. > :03:02.objects. This multi-million dollar project is taking shape. These
:03:02. > :03:08.concrete blocks are part of the shielding needed to protect people
:03:08. > :03:11.when the system is working. For the past decade there has been constant
:03:11. > :03:18.doubts about funding as well as huge uncertainties about who will
:03:18. > :03:23.take part. Against all the odds, the machine is getting built.
:03:23. > :03:27.think it is pretty remarkable that it has happened. It is because the
:03:27. > :03:32.scientific community's in these countries have pushed for this,
:03:32. > :03:35.ignoring the political barriers. Science is a global language, if
:03:35. > :03:40.you can speak it together we can build bridges of trust to help in
:03:40. > :03:43.other areas. You must worry when you hear the news about an
:03:43. > :03:47.escalation in conflict and risk of possible war that it could do real
:03:48. > :03:53.damage to this project? As a private individual I worry about
:03:53. > :04:02.that a lot. A real war would stop us in our tracks, but we have got
:04:02. > :04:07.to be optimistic and keep going. This is the heart of the Sesame
:04:07. > :04:12.project here in Jordan. A device that is still under wraps that
:04:12. > :04:16.accelerates electrons. The key process in what is known as an
:04:16. > :04:21.synchrotron. This will be the first such machine in the Middle East.
:04:21. > :04:25.The electrons get fired into these magnets, you can see on this plan
:04:25. > :04:29.how that will happen. The electrons will be fired around in this great
:04:29. > :04:35.circle. They are at least three years away from getting this thing
:04:35. > :04:40.to work. Most of this equipment is second hand, it has been donated by
:04:40. > :04:45.Germany. This project has been run on a really tight budget. Just one
:04:45. > :04:50.of a number of real challenges. Because this machine will generate
:04:50. > :04:55.some powerful X-rays, it needs some very serious shielding. That is
:04:55. > :04:59.what this extraordinary zig-zagged corridor is all about. Should
:04:59. > :05:04.anyone happen to stumble in here when the machine is working, they
:05:04. > :05:08.should get some protection. This is where the electrons will end up,
:05:08. > :05:15.whizzing around inside this giant ring. The faster they go, the more
:05:15. > :05:20.they will give off X-rays, visible light, infrared. Exactly what the
:05:20. > :05:25.researchers need to do their work. They are rehearsing how they will
:05:25. > :05:30.run the machine, technical problems are bound to emerge. All the time
:05:30. > :05:36.there is the problem of political tension, unrest and war. What is
:05:36. > :05:40.driving the scientists is the wide range of research that Sesame will
:05:40. > :05:47.be able to do. The work we do here can be used in many fields,
:05:47. > :05:57.including electronics, engineering, material science. It will have many
:05:57. > :05:58.
:05:58. > :06:01.applications. The scientists who will use Sesame have come to see it.
:06:01. > :06:05.Synchrotrons are normally seen in developed countries, having won in
:06:05. > :06:11.the Middle East is bringing people together. Here is an Israeli,
:06:11. > :06:18.behind him, the Iranians. A remarkable sight, given the Iranian
:06:18. > :06:22.government threatens to destroy Israel. I first talked to the
:06:22. > :06:28.Israeli. The storm clouds of potential war are between your
:06:28. > :06:33.country and Iran, here you are with Iranian scientists. They are not
:06:33. > :06:40.going to destroy me. Iranian and Palestinians and Pakistani
:06:40. > :06:45.scientists are my friends. We have a common ground. We are doing
:06:45. > :06:54.research. We do not care about religion, the colour of your skin.
:06:54. > :07:00.This project is highly sensitive. Many scientists are worried about
:07:00. > :07:04.how it will be seen back home. You have got technological problems,
:07:04. > :07:09.political and financial problems. Many people would be amazed you
:07:09. > :07:17.have got this far. We have come a long way. We have good scientists
:07:17. > :07:24.and good people who have inspired hope. They have put a lot of effort
:07:24. > :07:34.to make this machine. The scientists, they like it.
:07:34. > :07:34.
:07:34. > :07:39.donated machinery from Germany got Sesame off the ground. Much of it
:07:39. > :07:43.is old, dating from the 1970s, it will have to be replaced. This
:07:43. > :07:46.American scientist got the idea of sending this second-hand machine
:07:46. > :07:55.here. Each of those countries, despite of the fact their
:07:55. > :08:02.governments have did -- difficulties with each other, each
:08:02. > :08:10.of them see significant benefit to their own country. Beside this of
:08:10. > :08:16.the waters of the Dead Sea, one of the great fault lines of the Middle
:08:16. > :08:21.East. On one side Iranians, on the other, Israelis. Despite everything,
:08:21. > :08:26.they are prepared to be under the same roof. We are having a very
:08:26. > :08:31.rough period now, it may become even rougher. As scientists we have
:08:31. > :08:35.to look at the long range. In the long range I see no conflict of
:08:35. > :08:39.interest between the people of Iran and Israel. Common sense will tell
:08:39. > :08:44.you that everything is stacked against this project. The richest
:08:44. > :08:49.Arab countries were not that it because Israel is involved. America
:08:50. > :08:55.is reluctant because Iran is taking part. Somehow, just about enough
:08:55. > :08:59.money has been raised. This dream of a shared science centre in the
:08:59. > :09:04.Middle East is still alive. What binds the scientists together is
:09:04. > :09:07.the prospect of having an advanced research facility on their doorstep.
:09:07. > :09:14.No single country in this region could afford an synchrotron on its
:09:14. > :09:19.own. Sesame paves the way to science that otherwise would be
:09:19. > :09:27.impossible. Everybody sounds surprisingly optimistic. We hope
:09:27. > :09:34.signs will open the door for other, further understandings for studying
:09:34. > :09:44.other issues. -- science. This is what we hope. Somehow we will open
:09:44. > :09:44.
:09:44. > :09:53.the door... In science there is no hostility, OK? We are scientists,
:09:53. > :09:58.we are academic people. We are not dealing with political issues.
:09:58. > :10:03.Scientists belong to the humanity, not the country. We are not here
:10:03. > :10:11.for political reasons. So far, the recent conflict involving Israel
:10:11. > :10:15.and Gaza has not led to anyone pulling out. That is quite
:10:15. > :10:19.something for a project that many doubted could ever get this far.
:10:19. > :10:23.Science has created an extraordinary opportunity, the
:10:23. > :10:33.opening of a new door to dialogue right in the heart of the Middle
:10:33. > :10:41.
:10:41. > :10:44.East. The Red Crescent says 2.5 million people have now been
:10:44. > :10:46.displaced by Syria's civil war. According to the UN on one day this
:10:46. > :10:55.month 11,000 people fled to neighbouring countries. Many are
:10:55. > :11:04.not able to escape Syria. Atma camp. For 12,000 people, this
:11:04. > :11:10.is as far away from the war as they can get. It is wet and cold, even
:11:10. > :11:20.before the winter has set in. It is unsanitary, sewerage mixes with mud
:11:20. > :11:20.
:11:20. > :11:30.after it rains. For some, the temporary home has become permanent.
:11:30. > :11:34.
:11:34. > :11:37.They are stark. This place sprang up overnight. -- stuck. The war in
:11:37. > :11:47.Syria is grinding on, in a typical week, 1,000 people are killed. Many
:11:47. > :11:53.more families are making the same Northern Syria has seen some of the
:11:53. > :12:03.worst atrocities of the war. They have come through a terrible ordeal
:12:03. > :12:06.
:12:06. > :12:13.to reach the camp. In this group of tents, we found survivors. 110
:12:13. > :12:18.people were have said to have died where they came from. This woman
:12:18. > :12:26.lost four brothers. TRANSLATION: Where can we go? All of Syria is
:12:26. > :12:36.being killed. We ask the world to help poorer children. We must
:12:36. > :12:37.
:12:37. > :12:43.prevail. The can has fighters as well. From the rebel Free Syrian
:12:43. > :12:48.Army. Many family signed the tense. TRANSLATION: We have been here for
:12:49. > :12:56.seven months. It is the safest place we can find. Even here we are
:12:56. > :13:05.afraid we will be shelled. Turkey is reluctant to take more refugees.
:13:05. > :13:11.So the little this one has will have to take more. People cling to
:13:11. > :13:19.what little dignity they can. They are despairing at any one will
:13:20. > :13:24.bring this to an end. Mention Nelson Mandela's former
:13:24. > :13:29.prison and the finer things in life are probably not what comes to mind.
:13:29. > :13:39.But the discovery of grape vines in his prison courtyard has inspired
:13:39. > :13:40.
:13:40. > :13:45.an unlikely rescue mission. It is this small island, famous for
:13:45. > :13:54.its prisoners. Above all, Nelson Mandela, who spent 18 years hidden
:13:54. > :14:00.from the world. Today it is a place for tourists. Occasionally, for
:14:00. > :14:08.surprises. In the corner of Nelson Mandela's old exercise yard, great
:14:08. > :14:18.wines have survived. Burgeoning gay Nelson Mandela a precious sense of
:14:18. > :14:20.
:14:20. > :14:24.control. -- Garden in day. A winery is attending the vines. The Swan is
:14:24. > :14:30.flowering now. The plant's resilience echoing that of the
:14:30. > :14:36.prisoners. It is not easy conditions they are facing. It is
:14:36. > :14:46.on an island surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean. But they are still
:14:46. > :14:51.flowing, ignoring the difficulty of the circumstances. The first crop
:14:51. > :14:58.has now been picked. Over the years, many people have been accused of
:14:58. > :15:02.trying to cash in on the brand, but this does not feel like that. As
:15:02. > :15:10.Nelson Mandela fades from public view, this is a sincere attempt to
:15:10. > :15:20.try and cherish and cling on to the legacy of one extraordinary man.
:15:20. > :15:23.
:15:23. > :15:32.is like my great father. The issues your way to pay him respect? Yes.
:15:32. > :15:39.Back on the mainland, the fermented white wine is tested. Two types,
:15:39. > :15:46.one sweet, one bubbly, will soon be auctioned. And inspirational story
:15:46. > :15:51.captured in a bottle of wine. Maybe in another 50 were 100 years, there
:15:51. > :15:58.is fines might still be alive. They might be the only living monument
:15:58. > :16:04.of the times of the great leader. The profits will go to the families
:16:04. > :16:08.of former political prisoners and the winery workers. In a country
:16:08. > :16:13.still wrestling with the economic legacies of apartheid, the workers
:16:14. > :16:23.had been given their own patch of land to farm. It is a great
:16:24. > :16:28.
:16:28. > :16:34.experience. I can make wine. I really enjoy it. It gives you a
:16:34. > :16:42.sense of self-respect. Yes. Back on the island, another crop is
:16:42. > :16:46.ripening. Of the fruits of the prison courtyard.
:16:46. > :16:51.Japan's Ninja were all about mystery in the age of civil wars in
:16:51. > :16:58.the 15th century. They were young men hired by feudal words to spy,
:16:58. > :17:06.sabotage and chill. After 500 years of history and myth, only a few
:17:06. > :17:13.masters all the deadly secret of ninjutsu.
:17:13. > :17:16.Paying respects to the centuries old art of Ninja. This training
:17:16. > :17:25.Hollis two Alice from Tokyo. It is full of trainees from around the
:17:25. > :17:30.world. This man runs the sessions. He claims to be one of Japan's last
:17:30. > :17:35.surviving inches. That is why he says he has 300,000 followers
:17:35. > :17:38.worldwide. TRANSLATION: My pupils include military and police
:17:38. > :17:44.personnel from abroad. The techniques can be used with any
:17:44. > :17:51.weapons. It is universal. But the history of Ninja was not only
:17:51. > :17:55.written in busy cities. And many of them lived in rural areas. It is
:17:55. > :18:01.believed their women just across Japan, of this mountainous area is
:18:01. > :18:05.where the catch mac famous clans originated in the 15th century.
:18:05. > :18:14.They were hired by samurai in the age of civil war has to spy,
:18:14. > :18:19.sabotage and chill. -- kill. This is where another living in to
:18:19. > :18:24.master passes on the history. Trained in stock from a young age,
:18:24. > :18:30.he no longer hides in the shadows. Today he sees himself as the
:18:30. > :18:34.modern-day protector of Ninja MH. He is the 21st head of the clan. He
:18:34. > :18:44.is also the chairman of this museum. But unlike previous Masters, he
:18:44. > :18:46.
:18:46. > :18:49.will not be choosing a protege. He prefers to let the art die with him.
:18:49. > :18:55.TRANSLATION: The tradition of skills do not have any place in the
:18:55. > :18:59.modern age. In the 15th century, the abilities to spy and kill may
:18:59. > :19:08.have been useful. But now we have guns, the internet and much better
:19:08. > :19:12.medicines. This loud and exciting show is what Ninja means to most
:19:12. > :19:18.people today. And they are the heroes or villains of countless
:19:18. > :19:26.movies and comics. All the legacy will no doubt live on, it will be
:19:26. > :19:29.less about assassinations and more about entertainment. An
:19:29. > :19:38.ecclesiastical dispute has flared in Denmark over a Church's bells
:19:38. > :19:47.are used for playing popular music. The Church has been accused of
:19:47. > :19:57.trivialising clerical traditions. The skyline of Copenhagen is famous
:19:57. > :20:01.
:20:01. > :20:07.for its church spires and the sonorous bells. One stands out. The
:20:07. > :20:15.Church of our Saviour has a unique sound. The Beatles sound yesterday
:20:15. > :20:23.was one of just hundreds of compositions. I started off my
:20:23. > :20:33.career as a bar pianist. I play it because people love it. Finding
:20:33. > :20:34.
:20:34. > :20:41.that gives the Church a good brand. This is one song that is deeply
:20:41. > :20:48.irritating the Church's critics. It is Postman Pat, the theme tune to a
:20:49. > :20:54.popular children's cartoon series. Lined up against a classical
:20:54. > :20:58.musician who is playing one of his compositions. He believes the
:20:58. > :21:06.Church has got a rich classical tradition and should not be
:21:06. > :21:10.betraying its heritage. It is a symptom of the musical sickness
:21:10. > :21:16.that has hit the church. And they are undermining themselves and do
:21:16. > :21:21.not trust their own history. I up the Bishop of Copenhagen disagrees.
:21:21. > :21:31.Why on earth be held back by principle? Why not take a bit of