:00:23. > :00:29.Thursday for a new term in office. Silent victims of the Fukushima
:00:29. > :00:34.disaster. The hear how poor workers who risk their lives to fight the
:00:34. > :00:40.meltdown now suffer discrimination. -- we hear how power workers. Signs
:00:40. > :00:44.of change in Afghanistan. A special report from Helmand on the legacy
:00:45. > :00:51.of Western intervention. And a new front in the battle against HIV and
:00:51. > :00:57.Aids mac. Our reporter plays cricket with the charity.
:00:57. > :01:01.Welcome to Reporters. Nearly two years after Japan's Fukushima
:01:01. > :01:05.nuclear disaster, thousands of people who live near the power
:01:05. > :01:10.plant have still not been allowed to go home. There is a second group
:01:10. > :01:14.of victims the outside world hears little about. They are the workers
:01:14. > :01:18.who stayed on site and are still there today. Some have been exposed
:01:18. > :01:24.to high levels of radiation and many are suffering from depression
:01:24. > :01:30.and post-traumatic stress disorder. We report from the radiation zone.
:01:30. > :01:36.In the early winter sunlight, the fears around Mihama are quiet.
:01:36. > :01:40.These were once rice paddies. The beads are now as tall as a man.
:01:40. > :01:46.Washing still hangs where it was left. Damaged roof tiles like where
:01:46. > :01:52.they fell. This place is really strange. On the surface, it looks
:01:52. > :01:56.pretty normal. Listen. Nothing. Apart from ourselves, there is
:01:56. > :02:01.nobody in this village and there has not been for nearly two years.
:02:01. > :02:06.The people who lived here fled, leaving everything behind. We spent
:02:06. > :02:11.less than an hour here. All around us, and visible on the buildings
:02:11. > :02:16.and the soi and the soingers. -- invisible. When the plant
:02:16. > :02:23.exploded, a cloud of radioactive dust was blown down the valley
:02:23. > :02:28.above the village, this man watched it happened. The chimneys are
:02:28. > :02:33.clearly visible on the horizon. Masami Yoshizawa has refused to
:02:33. > :02:39.leave his farm or slaughter his 400 cattle. They are now worthless.
:02:39. > :02:44.Their meat cannot be sold and his land has poisoned.
:02:44. > :02:50.TRANSLATION: We will never be able to grow rice again on this land or
:02:50. > :02:56.vegetables or fruit. I will not kill my cows. These cows are a
:02:56. > :03:01.symbol of the nuclear disaster that happened here.
:03:01. > :03:06.Other victims of Fukushima are invisible. This man should be a
:03:06. > :03:10.hero. Instead, he hides his face from the camera. He is one of the
:03:10. > :03:14.hundreds of workers who brave radiation to bring the nuclear
:03:14. > :03:19.plant under control. Now many of these men are suffering depression
:03:19. > :03:27.and post-traumatic stress. They feel guilty and rejected by
:03:27. > :03:32.Japanese society. Since the disaster, I have not had a day when
:03:33. > :03:37.I have felt good about myself, --. Even when I am it with my friends,
:03:37. > :03:43.I never feel happy. When people talk about Fukushima, I feel
:03:43. > :03:47.responsible. The once a month, Masami Yoshizawa takes his anger
:03:47. > :03:52.and frustration to the strains of Tokyo. There is wide sympathy for
:03:52. > :04:01.victims like in. The Japanese public appears to have little
:04:01. > :04:07.sympathy or concern for the When foreign combat troops pull out
:04:07. > :04:12.of Afghanistan in 2014, Afghan troops will try to fill the gap. In
:04:12. > :04:16.the troubled province of Helmand, the security effort is being backed
:04:16. > :04:20.up by local government reform. It is one of the most significant
:04:20. > :04:24.successes of Western intervention. It has been so successful that the
:04:24. > :04:31.officials who introduced it have been asked to take aid to other
:04:31. > :04:36.provinces. -- take it. Lieutenant Colonel
:04:36. > :04:40.Philip Kimber a rise for a routine dinner with the new young
:04:40. > :04:46.government of the Nad-e-Ali district of Helmand. -- arrives. It
:04:46. > :04:51.was the scene of hard fighting until recently. The British base is
:04:51. > :04:55.in an old Ford in the centre of town. From the watchtower, British
:04:55. > :05:01.troops can look down on the streets. They do not go out on the ground
:05:01. > :05:04.much now. Afghan forces have taken over. The sacrifice and the
:05:04. > :05:10.enormous investment in terms of money and effort provides a space
:05:10. > :05:15.in which government can develop and the security allows for the
:05:15. > :05:20.Government to extend his influence into the secure space. At last, the
:05:20. > :05:26.normal institutions of a state are emerging in Afghanistan. Taxation,
:05:26. > :05:29.courts and, here, an elected local councils. Helmand has never known
:05:29. > :05:33.government before, particularly meetings like this where local
:05:34. > :05:40.officials c officials cnt. It could be one of the things that
:05:40. > :05:45.last win British combat ships leave in a year or so's time. The
:05:45. > :05:49.farmland remains fertile to the production of illegally produced
:05:49. > :05:56.opium. The new governor promised to get tough on drugs in his first
:05:56. > :06:01.interview. TRANSLATION: Drugs are very bad as people in Helmand have
:06:01. > :06:04.realised it. It is a cancer for them. Their young people are
:06:04. > :06:08.addicted and farmers say they do not want to grow crops but a
:06:08. > :06:14.criminal Mafia at national and international level encourages it
:06:14. > :06:19.and pace for insurgency. If we prevent the cultivation of poppies,
:06:19. > :06:24.we will cut terrorism and the insurgency in Helmand. Britain's
:06:24. > :06:28.exit strategy depends on Governor Naeem, replaced a governor that
:06:28. > :06:33.President Karzai thought was too close to Britain. Helmand faces
:06:33. > :06:41.more thoughts than just the Taliban. Old warlords from the 1990s remain
:06:42. > :06:46.powerful. You don't fear a return to the 1990s? TRANSLATION: no, God
:06:46. > :06:52.willing. We are not worried about that. You can be confident there
:06:52. > :06:57.will be no return to the 1990s in Afghanistan. There are signs of
:06:57. > :07:02.change everywhere. The bazaar emerges in what was a muddy field
:07:02. > :07:07.18 months ago. Progress came only recently, at huge cost. It could be
:07:07. > :07:11.reversed. Western governments still insist that their officials were
:07:11. > :07:19.body armour on the streets. This may not be war but it is not yet
:07:19. > :07:26.peace either. Research has shown that owning a
:07:26. > :07:30.pet can help some of us live longer and happier lives. In the US, the
:07:30. > :07:34.Department of Veterans Affairs has stopped being for a canine
:07:34. > :07:40.placement programme because it says there is no scientific proof that
:07:40. > :07:43.dogs can fare any medical benefits. After two years or face
:07:43. > :07:47.reconstruction, Sergeant Bri Travers is beginning to recover
:07:47. > :07:56.from the physical injuries of the war in Afghanistan. The mental
:07:56. > :08:04.scars remain. Her service dog, Seamus, helps you to cope. This dog
:08:04. > :08:10.is more therapeutic to me than any medicine, any therapist, anything.
:08:10. > :08:15.How good are you? He fills a very big void. Seamus is trained to act
:08:15. > :08:19.as a physical barrier when she feels overwhelmed by cramps. He
:08:19. > :08:23.wakes her from nightmares and keeps a calm. The Government will no
:08:23. > :08:27.longer pay for such talks because there is no scientific evidence
:08:27. > :08:32.that they provide medical benefits. Research is under way that could
:08:32. > :08:36.prove the importance of man's best friend. Abbey is only a few months
:08:36. > :08:44.old. She has been specially bred for her temperament and her ability
:08:44. > :08:48.to elicit and transmit oxytocin, a chemical which cams as when we are
:08:48. > :08:52.feeling stressed. If all goes according to plan, she should be a
:08:52. > :08:58.fully fledged service dog within a couple of years. Abbey belongs to
:08:58. > :09:04.the Warrior Keening Connection, which trains dogs and the edges
:09:04. > :09:08.together. That Training. They have found that oxytocin is
:09:08. > :09:13.significantly increased by focused and physical contact with dogs.
:09:13. > :09:19.That reduces the symptoms of mental conditions such as post-traumatic
:09:19. > :09:25.stress disorder. We believe it may prove to be the most effective non
:09:26. > :09:30.pharmaceutical intervention that we can offer service members.
:09:30. > :09:35.theory is being tested by scientists at the top medical
:09:36. > :09:40.research centre in Maryland which specialises in brain injuries.
:09:40. > :09:46.Oxytocin does a variety of things. It produces cortisol, the stress
:09:46. > :09:50.hormone, it can reduce pain levels, increase the feeling of well-being
:09:50. > :09:56.that allows for closeness and interconnection in interpersonal
:09:56. > :10:00.relationships. We find that this is one of the linchpins 2YD believe
:10:00. > :10:05.the dogs are actually having a positive effect. Without their
:10:05. > :10:09.service stocks, a trip to the shops can be overwhelming for many
:10:09. > :10:14.veterans battling with brain trauma and stress. -- docks. Their active
:10:14. > :10:24.military career may be over but they still face an enemy within.
:10:24. > :10:26.
:10:26. > :10:31.The dogs, they say, are often their Germans are learning the full
:10:31. > :10:35.extent of their pasts when East was part of the Soviet bloc. North of
:10:35. > :10:42.Berlin there is a nuclear base which is hidden above which the
:10:42. > :10:51.East German government itself had little knowledge. Nuclear missiles
:10:51. > :10:55.were there targeted at Europe. It is the most remote of places, deep
:10:55. > :11:00.in the Forest of the old East Germany is a bunker covered in
:11:00. > :11:05.earth. 50 years ago, this is where Soviet warheads designed to
:11:05. > :11:12.obliterate Britain and France were stored. The nuclear warheads were
:11:12. > :11:16.stored behind these blast proof doors. In the event of nuclear war,
:11:16. > :11:21.that would have been well down on trainers and taken to the firing
:11:21. > :11:27.point about 400 metres away. In this clearing, there is a concrete
:11:27. > :11:32.base when missiles were tilted up, ready for firing just above the
:11:32. > :11:38.heat proof metal plates. At the time, Western intelligence agencies
:11:38. > :11:45.only had clues about suspicious movements in the region. They had
:11:45. > :11:52.spotted an new type of missile at the Red Square parade in 1957. But
:11:52. > :12:01.they did not know where it was based. Now, we do. Here in the
:12:01. > :12:07.forest, a garrison town, a theatre even. Today, with only traces of
:12:07. > :12:14.the Soviet military. If you want a sense of fallen empire, this is the
:12:14. > :12:20.place to come. A mural celebrating Soviet industry and might and the
:12:20. > :12:27.Soviet revolution. So what can Germany do now with a Soviet
:12:27. > :12:37.garrison town in the middle of a forest? Not much, in truth. Amazing
:12:37. > :12:39.
:12:39. > :12:45.- BT's but nature is taking it back. -- amazing it is. More and more
:12:45. > :12:49.black Africans are bleaching this means. In South Africa, researchers
:12:49. > :12:59.estimate one in three women to use skin whiteness. Some legal and
:12:59. > :12:59.
:12:59. > :13:05.others illegal. Is it simply vanity or are their perceived advantages
:13:05. > :13:09.to a lighter skin? Dermatologists say there is an increase in the
:13:09. > :13:15.cosmetic use of skin and lightness. This is Nomasonto Mnisi, a musician
:13:15. > :13:25.who has just bleached her skin. Look at the difference between her
:13:25. > :13:34.and her child. I do not want to change that in dummy. Can you not
:13:34. > :13:40.be black and beautiful? I did not say that. I am still black. You say
:13:40. > :13:50.you want to be white. I am black and I'm still beautiful. It is
:13:50. > :14:00.about my skin being light. I am not white inside. I am not really
:14:00. > :14:02.
:14:02. > :14:06.fluent in English. My man is black. I am full black. Experts say one in
:14:06. > :14:14.three women on the continent bleacher best in. An increasing
:14:14. > :14:19.number of men are also doing it. But what about the dangers? That is
:14:19. > :14:27.cosmetic ochronosis. Cosmetic ochronosis refers to a combination
:14:27. > :14:34.of exposure to sunlight and another drug. Ngasa Emmanuel has been using
:14:34. > :14:42.it for years. Dr Noori Mori Joosub has seen many like him before.
:14:42. > :14:46.Initially the skin looks likely. But look at this now. Doctors say
:14:46. > :14:52.the biggest let-down in the fight against the fight against the use
:14:52. > :14:58.of skin liners is the failure by authorities to implement existing
:14:59. > :15:04.regulations. With the concentration level of over 2%, Hydroquinone has
:15:04. > :15:12.been banned since the 1980s but you find them everywhere. The market
:15:12. > :15:18.right behind us. We took them to a market in Johannesburg where these
:15:18. > :15:25.products are openly sold. There is steroids. They are available. That
:15:25. > :15:28.is why they get all these diseases. The sad reality is that regardless
:15:28. > :15:36.of the well-known dangers associated, millions of people
:15:36. > :15:41.across the Continent are still willing to take a chance. Cricket
:15:41. > :15:45.in Africa has been on a winning run in recent years. It is now being
:15:45. > :15:50.played enthusiastically in countries from Mali to Mozambique.
:15:50. > :16:00.Now, a UK charity aims to use the game to tackle one of the major
:16:00. > :16:02.
:16:02. > :16:07.problems affecting the Continent - HIV/Aids. Cricket at its most basic
:16:07. > :16:14.- it is enough to make the pitch inspectors wins but it is also
:16:14. > :16:21.cricket with a message. Do you remember about the ad, B, C -
:16:21. > :16:27.abstain, be faithful, used condoms. Using coaching and lessons about
:16:27. > :16:33.Aids prevention. I am the batsman, I am protecting myself. It is the
:16:33. > :16:39.same when you use condoms. wonder, the problem is not as bad
:16:39. > :16:45.as everywhere else in Africa by with 3% infected, it is still
:16:45. > :16:49.officially an epidemic. At this night clinic, they provided free
:16:49. > :16:54.testing and advice but it is also about Education said the idea of
:16:54. > :17:00.combining the message with cricket has been welcome. When you talk
:17:00. > :17:05.about sports and HIV, there is a link. You want to be healthy, you
:17:05. > :17:12.want not to have something inside your body destroying you. If you do
:17:12. > :17:18.cricket and fight HIV at the same time, it is wonderful. It is just
:17:18. > :17:22.as much about having fun as learning a serious lesson. For the
:17:22. > :17:28.next generation, they must also overcome the ghosts of the past.
:17:28. > :17:33.When you think of Rwanda, you instinctively remember the genocide
:17:33. > :17:37.of 1994 - this is where one of the worst massacres took place.
:17:37. > :17:42.Everywhere, there are still physical reminders like bullet-
:17:42. > :17:47.holes, of what went on. Cricket was introduced boat people returning to
:17:47. > :17:53.the country after the genocide. Partly thanks to this initiative,
:17:53. > :17:58.it has already come a long way. Everywhere there is someone chasing
:17:58. > :18:02.a ball, it is a bounty of joy. Looking at where we have been and
:18:03. > :18:08.where we are today, it is amazing to see cricket being played in all
:18:08. > :18:13.sorts of corners. There are plans to build a national stadium but for
:18:13. > :18:18.the time being, this is it. The outfield is in a dreadful condition
:18:18. > :18:20.and the facilities for spectators are non-existent. The charity,
:18:20. > :18:27.cricket without boundaries, has been working in the country for
:18:27. > :18:34.five years. Half the national team is being coached by ours. Even if
:18:34. > :18:39.one person has heard a message, we hope it will make a real difference.
:18:39. > :18:47.They also need Rwanda and coaches to continue spreading the cricket
:18:47. > :18:50.and a Jovi messages once the UK volunteers have gone. -- H I V
:18:50. > :18:55.messages. Bagpipes are a traditional part of New Year
:18:55. > :19:02.celebrations in Scotland but what about in Pakistan? Not only are
:19:02. > :19:06.bagpipes and drum dance there but it is the biggest bang piping
:19:06. > :19:15.producing country in the world, often exporting to Europe and the
:19:15. > :19:19.US. A bagpipe band setting the tune for a wedding in Pakistan. This is
:19:20. > :19:24.not an unusual sight here. There are few hundred bagpipes and drum
:19:25. > :19:30.band across the country which play at formal ceremonies. But no only
:19:30. > :19:35.do we have bagpipes blaring in Pakistan, it claims to be the
:19:35. > :19:42.biggest bagpipe producing country outside of Scotland in the world.
:19:42. > :19:47.The city of Sialkot, known for producing sports could, -- sports
:19:47. > :19:52.goods, is known for its industry. At a factory, it takes between one
:19:52. > :19:56.and three days to produce a bagpipe - depending on its quality. Each
:19:57. > :20:02.year, thousands of bagpipes are exported from here to Scotland and
:20:02. > :20:07.Europe. The roots of the business lying in colonial India.
:20:07. > :20:12.British people ruled for over 200 used in India. They were playing
:20:12. > :20:18.these bagpipes all-over. They wanted you to repair their bad
:20:18. > :20:24.times. Our forefathers repaired it. In the meantime, they copied it and
:20:24. > :20:32.place before the man, they said which won his jaws and they could
:20:32. > :20:38.not distinguish it. -- which one is yours? This company has been
:20:38. > :20:43.exporting back cut since the 1970s, to the surprise of many. People
:20:43. > :20:47.really do not have an idea that Pakistan really make back part.
:20:47. > :20:54.People do not think it is a Pakistani thing. They always ask
:20:54. > :21:00.him request - how do you come up with the idea of making bagpipes?
:21:00. > :21:04.They may be an instrument more associated with the foggy mores of