:00:00. > :00:25.slopestyle at Sochi. Now on BBC News, it's time for
:00:26. > :00:28.Reporters. Welcome to Reporters. From here, we send out
:00:29. > :00:35.correspondence to bring you the best stories from across the globe. This
:00:36. > :00:38.week... Seeking sanctuary. We report from Bulgaria on the Syrian refugees
:00:39. > :00:44.who were struggling to survive in the EU's poorest country. We are
:00:45. > :00:50.running from Syria. We don't have money, we don't have anything. You
:00:51. > :01:00.thought Europe would be better? I hope. Opening minds in North Korea.
:01:01. > :01:05.Chris Rogers meets the Western lecturers teaching in some of the
:01:06. > :01:09.most oppressive part in the world. They come with the best intentions
:01:10. > :01:16.for the students and the country but is it wise to be educating the
:01:17. > :01:22.future elites? And a report on the first bionic hand which can touch
:01:23. > :01:27.and feel. This bionic hand marks and exams in prosthetics, allowing the
:01:28. > :01:34.anti- T2 sends what they are touching and to control their grasp.
:01:35. > :01:43.-- amputee. And fact meets fiction, as we uncovered the World War II
:01:44. > :01:46.unit known as the monuments men. This is a list of stolen
:01:47. > :01:51.masterpieces selected by one of the top Nazi leaders. For his own
:01:52. > :01:57.private collection. If it hadn't have been for the monuments,
:01:58. > :02:00.private collection. If it hadn't Have fled the desperation of the
:02:01. > :02:05.civil war in Syria to find a century in Europe that is not the euro they
:02:06. > :02:10.hoped for. In the past year, almost 6000 Syrian refugees arrived in
:02:11. > :02:14.Bulgaria, the EU's poorest country, after crossing the border from
:02:15. > :02:19.Turkey. As we report from southern Bulgaria, they found themselves
:02:20. > :02:24.stuck in cans in a country that can vary -- barely afford to help.
:02:25. > :02:33.In the EU's poorest country, Syrian refugees... Waiting. They have
:02:34. > :02:40.arrived illegally from Turkey, now stuck in this camp near the border.
:02:41. > :02:44.TRANSLATION: We have been here for up to three months already. Maybe we
:02:45. > :02:51.will have to stay for -- for a couple of years, who knows? Names
:02:52. > :02:56.are read out. A lucky few are finally getting them a document,
:02:57. > :02:59.allowing them out of account. They have been waiting for months. But
:03:00. > :03:08.they want go further, out of Bulgaria. All the people he will not
:03:09. > :03:11.stay in Bulgaria. All of them have relatives in Europe, some people
:03:12. > :03:22.have relatives in Germany, some in the UK, some in France. They want to
:03:23. > :03:26.get out of the country. In the meantime, more practical problems to
:03:27. > :03:30.deal with. Your heater has blown up? This is a British woman who retired
:03:31. > :03:36.to a house nearby two years ago. Now she volunteers in the camp every
:03:37. > :03:40.day. Her hotplate isn't working and she has absolutely no heater and we
:03:41. > :03:44.have two families in here. They are families that I have a big star
:03:45. > :03:48.against, which means they have absolutely no money, so we have to
:03:49. > :03:57.sort things out. Quite needy. Quite a needy caravan, this one. Behind
:03:58. > :04:04.every door, a story. This little boy was born in Europe 11 days ago.
:04:05. > :04:12.TRANSLATION: I want him to have a good life. A good future and a good
:04:13. > :04:15.home. Not like us. Well, it is below freezing today but people say
:04:16. > :04:20.conditions in the camp have improved over the past couple of months. The
:04:21. > :04:24.trouble is, they are all in limbo. They can't go back to their past
:04:25. > :04:30.lives and they have no idea what the future might hold. It is a little
:04:31. > :04:33.desolate and while money is now arriving from elsewhere in Europe to
:04:34. > :04:41.make things better, it feels like more has been spent elsewhere. This
:04:42. > :04:45.is the control room for a state-of-the-art system of thermal
:04:46. > :04:50.cameras. Monitoring the border nearby and anyone trying to move
:04:51. > :04:53.across it. Numbers have fallen dramatically as winter weather has
:04:54. > :04:59.set in and, by the spring, part of the border will be fenced. But it
:05:00. > :05:03.might stop everyone. TRANSLATION: It's a bit of a challenge for us.
:05:04. > :05:10.You can see the Kyrenia, the weather conditions. -- to reign here. It's
:05:11. > :05:13.not easy for the refugees either. There is a big police presence in
:05:14. > :05:16.border villages now. They aren't keen on being filmed. But locals
:05:17. > :05:28.have noticed the difference. TRANSLATION: -- this is an 8090
:05:29. > :05:37.world woman. Last summer she says refugees were arriving almost every
:05:38. > :05:42.day. -- 80 year old. She provided waffles and tea for about 60 people.
:05:43. > :05:45.TRANSLATION: I was sitting outside the house and that appeared through
:05:46. > :05:50.the trees with lots of children. I felt so sorry for them. But, these
:05:51. > :05:59.days, we don't see so many. Police are everywhere. So, for now, a focus
:06:00. > :06:05.on those already here. And in another cab, this one in the
:06:06. > :06:09.capital, more frustration. -- camp. Authorities acknowledge things need
:06:10. > :06:12.to move more quickly. TRANSLATION: We are doing our best but there are
:06:13. > :06:17.many problems. The heating system isn't good enough. This used to be a
:06:18. > :06:22.school, not a place for people to live in. This is what it looks like
:06:23. > :06:26.inside. As you can see, this room has been cordoned off by sheets
:06:27. > :06:31.hanging Thomas are people sleep in different sections. There are 40
:06:32. > :06:39.people in this room alone. You can see the blackboard over here. The
:06:40. > :06:43.electrics need work. Another 40 people live downstairs in the old
:06:44. > :06:46.school gym. They are safe but this is not the euro they thought they
:06:47. > :06:51.would find. We are running from Syria. We don't have money, we don't
:06:52. > :06:57.have anything. We are coming here, it is safe. You thought Europe would
:06:58. > :07:04.be better? Yes, I hope. It will be better. This is a good country.
:07:05. > :07:10.Outside, some light relief in the snow. This situation is frustrating
:07:11. > :07:15.for everyone, Syrians and Bulgarians alike. And when the snow melts, more
:07:16. > :07:20.people will try to come. I think the government itself is organising for
:07:21. > :07:23.at least up to 25,000 refugees but this isn't publicly stated. I think
:07:24. > :07:30.that maybe any bigger number than that might be problematic for the
:07:31. > :07:34.government to cope with it. In terms of infrastructure and people in
:07:35. > :07:39.institutions. And especially when we are talking about integration. Back
:07:40. > :07:44.near the border, cold nights and the waiting continues. This is a
:07:45. > :07:48.challenge for the whole of Europe. How to deal with concern about
:07:49. > :07:56.immigration and to uphold its promise to help those in need.
:07:57. > :07:59.It's a university like no other. Largely paid for by the West but
:08:00. > :08:04.moulding the minds of the future of elite of one of the most repressive
:08:05. > :08:07.regimes in the world. Deep in the heart of Pyongyang, the University
:08:08. > :08:11.is staffed by dozens of western lecturers. It says it wants students
:08:12. > :08:15.to modernise the country and engage with the international community.
:08:16. > :08:18.Chris Rogers has been given unprecedented access to the
:08:19. > :08:35.university.The sons of some of the most powerful men in North Korea,
:08:36. > :08:38.including senior military figures. Marching to Breakfast at the
:08:39. > :08:44.Western-funded university in Pyongyang. Its goal is to equip
:08:45. > :08:46.these students with the skills to help modernise the impoverished
:08:47. > :08:51.country and engage with the international community. The 500
:08:52. > :08:55.students have been hand-picked by the regime to receive a Western
:08:56. > :09:02.education. Many are English speakers, including from the hated
:09:03. > :09:05.enemy of America. We have been given access to film and speak with the
:09:06. > :09:09.students, though we are constantly monitored. When you first met a
:09:10. > :09:17.foreigner, an American, were you wary or nervous? Of course. The
:09:18. > :09:24.first time we were nervous. American people are different from us. We
:09:25. > :09:29.think so. We want a good relationship with all countries.
:09:30. > :09:32.Doctor James Kim, a Korean American entrepenuer and a Christian, was
:09:33. > :09:36.asked by the regime to build the University, based on another he
:09:37. > :09:46.founded in China. He raised much of the ?20 million from Christian
:09:47. > :09:51.charities. I am thankful to the government. They trusted me and gave
:09:52. > :09:55.me authority in my hands. Operating these schools. Can you believe it?
:09:56. > :10:03.It is hard to believe. According to human rights groups, North Korea
:10:04. > :10:07.persecutes Christians. This British lecturer left Yorkshire to teach
:10:08. > :10:09.business studies here. I'm sure the leaders and government recognise
:10:10. > :10:18.that they need to connect with the outside world.
:10:19. > :10:29.It is not possible to be a totally hermetic, closed economy. The 40
:10:30. > :10:37.lecturers are up against a lifetime of propoganda and isolation. The
:10:38. > :10:39.university also send selected students abroad. Three have just
:10:40. > :10:44.returned from Westminster University. Has this unique
:10:45. > :10:50.experience opened their minds? How different is Britain? It's a little
:10:51. > :10:56.bit beyond my imagination. On the face of it, though. Devotion to
:10:57. > :11:04.North Korea appears absolute. I think we have to devote ourselves to
:11:05. > :11:11.the construction of the prostration. According to human
:11:12. > :11:15.rights groups, that is a result of conditioning from birth and fear.
:11:16. > :11:19.Independent estimates put the number of political prisoners in the tens
:11:20. > :11:25.of thousands. Many held in horrific conditions in labour camps. The
:11:26. > :11:29.teaching staff come here with the best intentions for these students
:11:30. > :11:34.and this country. But is it right to be educating the future elite of one
:11:35. > :11:38.of the most oppressive regimes in the world? Some human rights groups
:11:39. > :11:42.argue no. But supporters of the University believe in the long-term
:11:43. > :11:51.these elite students could help create a more moderate and open
:11:52. > :11:59.North Korea. Around the world, many girls are at
:12:00. > :12:03.risk of being subjected to the genital mutilation. It is widely
:12:04. > :12:09.carried out by communities in the Middle East, Africa and Asia. It is
:12:10. > :12:15.becoming a problem elsewhere. In the UK, over 60,000 women and girls have
:12:16. > :12:18.been victims of the practice, even though it has been in the goal for
:12:19. > :12:31.nearly 20 years. Our correspondent has more.
:12:32. > :12:35.Two genital mutilation is a practice thinkable to the majority in the UK.
:12:36. > :12:41.Pat McAfee mail. For people migrating here, it is an issue
:12:42. > :12:45.ministers are having to confront. Three generations of the same family
:12:46. > :12:50.came here from Somalia 20 years ago. This grandmother and her daughter
:12:51. > :12:57.have been cut. The other granddaughter has been not. The
:12:58. > :13:00.grandmother had a extreme procedure of mutilation without anaesthetics.
:13:01. > :13:05.She was seven years old and part of a group of four girls. She couldn't
:13:06. > :13:11.run away. They would have laughed at her. The pain would have killed her.
:13:12. > :13:17.The blood splashed all over the operator's face. She inflicted the
:13:18. > :13:22.mutilation on her daughter because she thought it was the Islamic thing
:13:23. > :13:28.to do. A student and model has not had it done. She has seen it first
:13:29. > :13:34.hand. They can physically mutilate a 6-year-old. Does it not make anybody
:13:35. > :13:42.physically sick? She was in a documentary. She saw the effect of
:13:43. > :13:49.mid-to-late little girls. The tamper with our gifted bodies is completely
:13:50. > :13:55.wrong. Women are doing it to children who have no idea what is
:13:56. > :13:59.going on. This clinic in London is one of a handful across the country
:14:00. > :14:06.helping women who have been cut. The woman he runs it as the millet --
:14:07. > :14:10.mutilation is child abuse. The practitioners do not see it that
:14:11. > :14:18.way. Better it is preparing their appeals for a adulthood and a rite
:14:19. > :14:24.of passage. -- they see it. Suntory believe it is a social obligation.
:14:25. > :14:30.But it is not. The mutilation has been a secret problem for many
:14:31. > :14:38.years. Young girls and women often come up to hospital with
:14:39. > :14:44.publications. A helpline set up is helping victims. They might be
:14:45. > :14:48.possible to charge us many cases. The first case is yet to come to
:14:49. > :14:57.court. Upper cut -- data gathering will help. We can ship services per
:14:58. > :15:02.people who have suffered it. We can build up the body of knowledge to
:15:03. > :15:09.prevent it and protect girls into the future. Campaigners say the plan
:15:10. > :15:10.is a welcome first step. Stopping people from mutilating girls is the
:15:11. > :15:20.eventual goal. Now a breakthrough in the field of
:15:21. > :15:23.bionics. Scientists have created a prosthetic hand which allows an
:15:24. > :15:26.amputee to touch and feel with their fingers. The bionic device is wired
:15:27. > :15:33.to nerves in the upper arm, sending impulses to the brain. Our
:15:34. > :15:42.correspondent is in Switzerland to meet the scientist behind the
:15:43. > :15:46.project. A world first for prosthetics. It is
:15:47. > :15:55.a decade since Dennis Aabo lost his left hand in a firework accident.
:15:56. > :16:01.Now he has what no amputee has ever achieved. His sense of touch is
:16:02. > :16:13.restored. He is able to feel what is in his bionic hand, even when
:16:14. > :16:23.blindfolded. The sensory feedback has been nice because I can feel the
:16:24. > :16:29.toughness, how I grab things. And the feedback is pretty much
:16:30. > :16:32.natural. The human hand is capable of dexterity, controlled by nerve
:16:33. > :16:34.fibres running from the hand up to the brain. To mimic that with the
:16:35. > :16:38.prosthetic hand, electrodes were implanted on two key nerves in the
:16:39. > :16:41.upper arm, linked to centres in the fingers which are fed back
:16:42. > :16:43.information to the brain about what the hand was grasping. Achieving
:16:44. > :16:46.this was far from straightforward. A complex operation in Rome, involving
:16:47. > :16:49.a large international team, combined microsurgery with electronics. What
:16:50. > :16:56.followed was a month of intensive laboratory test. The results,
:16:57. > :16:59.published in the journal Science Translational Medicine, show how
:17:00. > :17:11.sensory feedback from hand to brain works. Scientists were impressed by
:17:12. > :17:14.how Dennis Aabo adapted to the hand. What was interesting was the ability
:17:15. > :17:17.of the patient to quickly learn to master this new communication
:17:18. > :17:21.channel and use it in real time for different grasping tasks. Even if it
:17:22. > :17:31.was only a short-term implant, it was clear for him that this could
:17:32. > :17:35.significantly help him in future. The robotics team at this university
:17:36. > :17:37.in Switzerland are working on how to miniaturise the electronics to
:17:38. > :17:40.enable the bionic hand to be used outside the laboratory in everyday
:17:41. > :17:43.life. If the technology is improved, would Dennis Aabo, now backed with
:17:44. > :17:50.his old prosthetic hand, swap it permanently? -- back. I would say
:17:51. > :18:02.bring it on. I'm ready. Definitely. That will take many years, but this
:18:03. > :18:04.trial will be remembered as a milestone in bionics. It is marrying
:18:05. > :18:15.man with machine. We go back to the Second World War.
:18:16. > :18:20.Allied forces swept across Europe. A special unit of our experts was
:18:21. > :18:22.formed to save heritage buildings at risk from Allied bombings and
:18:23. > :18:29.recover masterpieces stolen by the Nazis. They became known as the
:18:30. > :18:34.monuments men. There are the subject of a new movie with an all-star cast
:18:35. > :18:43.led by George Clooney. But who were the real monuments men? The truth
:18:44. > :18:48.can be exciting as fiction. We have been tasked to find and
:18:49. > :18:52.protect out the nicest of stolen. In the Hollywood version of monuments
:18:53. > :19:09.men, the band of expert is recruited to save heritage. We must win this
:19:10. > :19:14.war. George Clooney plays the role of a conservation expert at Harvard
:19:15. > :19:17.University. Most of the monuments men, he was a soldier but had no
:19:18. > :19:22.special training for a job that will put his team and the frontlines of
:19:23. > :19:29.World II. There was real bravery and foresight. And understanding what
:19:30. > :19:33.happens after the war. These cultures have to rebuild. If we lose
:19:34. > :19:42.this cultural monuments, what will we rebuild on? First, the biggest
:19:43. > :19:46.threat came from Allied bombers. The monuments men were sent into Germany
:19:47. > :19:49.to that military commanders who could try to avoid a direct hit.
:19:50. > :19:56.Later, there are jobs turned to search and rescue, covering art
:19:57. > :20:04.stolen by the Nazis, stashed across the Germany and Austria. Charles
:20:05. > :20:14.describes finding a hall hidden in a castle. It was picturesque. A castle
:20:15. > :20:30.on a rock. In it, everything that had been listed from the Rothschild
:20:31. > :20:32.in Paris. -- looted. This is a list of stolen masterpieces selected by
:20:33. > :20:39.one of the top Nazi leaders, Hermann Goering, 40s and private
:20:40. > :20:45.collections. There are hundreds. If it hadn't been for the monuments
:20:46. > :20:50.men, they may well have remained here. A key part of the film is the
:20:51. > :20:54.relationship between Matt Damon's character and Cate Blanchett's
:20:55. > :21:00.character. She decides to help them. She finally learns to trust them and
:21:01. > :21:08.tells him were the works of art has gone. She gave them, we believe,
:21:09. > :21:10.this photograph, folded and creased. It was carried around. It showed him
:21:11. > :21:18.when he needed to go to find the works of art. Of the work of art is
:21:19. > :21:26.recovered. The whereabouts of many stolen pieces are still unknown. But
:21:27. > :21:35.the monuments men are the reason why Michelangelo's Madonna is present.
:21:36. > :21:54.That is all from me this week. Goodbye for now.
:21:55. > :22:00.The dry stores this week will not be long enough to help those
:22:01. > :22:08.experiencing flooding. The risk of flooding will increase in land. The
:22:09. > :22:12.winds will be strong. Some ice around. Both of those will be at
:22:13. > :22:14.play this morning. The