:00:03. > :00:13.is required. -- that a culture of openness.
:00:13. > :00:26.
:00:26. > :00:30.That is the latest news. Now it is Welcome to Reporters. I'm in the
:00:30. > :00:34.newsroom where we send out correspondence to review the best
:00:34. > :00:38.stories from across the globe. In this week's programme: What
:00:38. > :00:45.happened to the people of Homs, the cradle of the Syrian revolution?
:00:45. > :00:49.One year on, Paul Wood tracks down the rebels who took on Syria's army.
:00:49. > :00:54.Kate MacGowan goes on patrol in the southern Philippines where the
:00:54. > :00:59.Philippines and American troops a winning the war against rebels.
:00:59. > :01:05.Nigeria are -- Nigeria is reviving the railway. Cannich reconnect
:01:05. > :01:08.divided communities in the north and south of the country? -- can it
:01:08. > :01:12.reconnect. We begin in Syria where the
:01:12. > :01:17.conflict has claimed a heavy death toll. The number of people killed
:01:17. > :01:23.is now approaching 70,000 according to the UN. A key turning point in
:01:23. > :01:30.the conflict came with the fall of Baba Amr in the central city of
:01:30. > :01:35.homes to the opponents of President Assad first. Paul Wood met some of
:01:35. > :01:41.the Syrians whose lives are changed dramatically. Many are living in
:01:41. > :01:45.exile in London on. Deserted and destroyed. It is hard
:01:45. > :01:52.to imagine that Baba Amr once symbolised the hopes of Syria's
:01:52. > :01:56.revolution. These streets will once declared a free Syria and then they
:01:56. > :02:05.redeem the crushed Baba Amr. It was the changing point of the
:02:05. > :02:09.revolution. It made people think more and more. This man was a media
:02:09. > :02:19.activist at the centre in Baba Amr. It made people realise that the
:02:19. > :02:24.
:02:24. > :02:31.district -- the regime would never It was a one-sided battle. We
:02:31. > :02:35.watched a bombardment that the rebels were powerless to stop. Most
:02:35. > :02:43.of the victims were civilians. The defence of Baba Amr was led by this
:02:43. > :02:51.captain. TRANSLATION: They are killing civilians because they
:02:51. > :02:54.cannot get to last. He was later killed by a shell. His parents are
:02:54. > :03:02.now refugees. They spoke to me about the day that their son
:03:02. > :03:07.decided to join the rebels. tried to delay it, hoping that
:03:07. > :03:16.things might be resolved. He could just not take it anymore, what was
:03:16. > :03:20.being done to our people. We have paid a high price for freedom. But
:03:20. > :03:24.freedom does not come cheap. Hundreds of thousands of refugees
:03:24. > :03:31.are living in neighbouring countries in miserable conditions.
:03:31. > :03:34.Some wonder if it has been worth it. When the shelling began in Baba Amr
:03:34. > :03:39.one year ago, everyone there was absolutely convinced that they
:03:39. > :03:47.would be helped from the outside world. Nobody thinks that now. The
:03:47. > :03:51.early hopes have been replaced by bitter resignation and anger.
:03:51. > :03:55.TRANSLATION: The whole world watched while we were butchered. We
:03:55. > :04:02.do not expect much from the international community any longer.
:04:02. > :04:07.Now we put our faith in God and in the Free Syrian Army. They had it
:04:07. > :04:13.to steal out at night to bury their dead in Baba Amr. No Western
:04:13. > :04:18.intervention followed as they had hoped. Instead, Baba Amr became a
:04:18. > :04:25.rallying cry. Thousands joined the armed uprising and Syria were urged
:04:25. > :04:31.deeper into today's civil war. -- lurched.
:04:31. > :04:34.The withdrawal of 30,000 US troops in Afghanistan by the end of this
:04:34. > :04:38.year was one of president Obama's key announcements in his State of
:04:39. > :04:42.the Union speech. On the ground in Afghanistan, there are concerned
:04:43. > :04:46.about what the future holds for a group of Afghans who have worked as
:04:46. > :04:51.interpreters for the British. They are now campaigning for the same
:04:51. > :04:56.asylum rights given to interpreters during the Iraq war. From Kumble,
:04:56. > :05:00.our defence correspondents -- defence correspondent Jonathan deal
:05:00. > :05:05.reports. I Ahmed run shows me the death
:05:05. > :05:09.threats that he has received from that Taliban. This was the call
:05:09. > :05:14.that I received last night and I have translated. It calls UN
:05:14. > :05:17.infidel spy and says that you'll receive punishment. Asking working
:05:18. > :05:24.for the British military in Hulman, he's now in hiding waiting to be
:05:24. > :05:29.granted asylum in the UK. So far, his pleas have been in vain. What
:05:29. > :05:36.kind of proof should they show to the British military or government
:05:36. > :05:39.that can convince them that my life is in danger? He is not alone. We
:05:39. > :05:43.were approached by a group of interpreters are still serving with
:05:43. > :05:48.British forces. The fact that we cannot show their faces only
:05:48. > :05:52.highlights the dangers that they face. The withdrawal of the British
:05:52. > :06:02.will lend me in deep trouble. will definitely target me to tell
:06:02. > :06:03.
:06:03. > :06:08.me. To the local people, I'm an infidels, so I am an infidel.
:06:08. > :06:11.have put the lives on the line, joining troops on patrol. More than
:06:11. > :06:15.20 interpreters working for the British have already lost their
:06:15. > :06:20.lives. Those who did the same job in Iraq were offered asylum. That
:06:20. > :06:22.adds to their sense of injustice. We want exactly the same. What
:06:22. > :06:27.happened with the other interpreters. They would have been
:06:27. > :06:31.a target. They should think about us. The Ministry of Defence has
:06:31. > :06:35.issued a statement saying that will not abandon its interpreters but so
:06:35. > :06:42.far the UK government has said that it will only consider individual
:06:42. > :06:47.claims based on merit. The senior US general here on the
:06:47. > :06:51.right who has just handed over command of NATO forces are believed
:06:51. > :06:57.that the Afghan interpreters are owed a debt. I think we have an
:06:57. > :07:00.obligation to look at. Each country, in its own way, based on
:07:00. > :07:05.immigration regulations will have to comes to grips about. In other
:07:05. > :07:09.conflicts such as this, I think that the nations involved have made
:07:09. > :07:13.special efforts. They have taken sides in this war but their last
:07:13. > :07:20.hope is now in a legal challenge, demanding that they are given the
:07:20. > :07:24.same rights as those who served with the British in Iraq.
:07:24. > :07:28.As American troops pull out of Afghanistan, US forces up playing a
:07:28. > :07:33.much less publicised role in combating Islamist saying elsewhere
:07:33. > :07:37.in Asia, in the Philippines. Rebels in the southern island of Sulu had
:07:37. > :07:42.been fighting to establish an old - - and Islamic state for four
:07:42. > :07:50.decades. They are being pushed back but Sulu remains a haven for
:07:50. > :07:56.international extremism. Kate MacGowan was given access to a city.
:07:56. > :08:00.Down in this jungle, and a remote tropical island, some of Asia's
:08:00. > :08:04.Most Wanted rebels. Philippine troops have been fighting here for
:08:04. > :08:08.more than 40 years. Against militants who wish to establish
:08:08. > :08:11.their own Islamic state. The US military arrive after they
:08:11. > :08:18.discovered that these rebels had sheltered the architect of the 911
:08:18. > :08:23.attacks. All the attacks that occurred between 1994 and 2001 at
:08:23. > :08:26.least it touched in some part in the southern Philippines. They were
:08:26. > :08:32.used as either a safe haven or used to conduct planning or used it to
:08:32. > :08:37.give training to the individuals down here. That is why American
:08:37. > :08:41.forces came here. To advise the Philippine counterpart. And make
:08:41. > :08:49.sure that these islands are no longer a breeding ground for
:08:49. > :08:55.international terrorism. It seems to be working. They have taken 66%
:08:55. > :08:59.of rebel territory. The main opponent is a group which is
:08:59. > :09:04.currently holding at least six foreign hostages. Other militants
:09:04. > :09:10.have moved here from Indonesia. Some with links to Afghanistan and
:09:10. > :09:16.Al-Qaeda. These isolated islands are an ideal place for the rebels
:09:17. > :09:26.to hide. They find support in the local Muslim community. This is the
:09:26. > :09:31.largest city in these islands and yet it is still very underdeveloped.
:09:31. > :09:36.The literacy rates alone any infant mortality rates are higher. The
:09:36. > :09:41.violence is holed in the region back. It is fertile recruiting
:09:41. > :09:46.ground for the militants. Many in the population here both the US and
:09:46. > :09:52.Philippine security forces with since -- suspicion. We want to
:09:52. > :09:59.build trust again. We have only one country. We have only one race. We
:09:59. > :10:03.may as well start acting that way. The focus is shifting from military
:10:03. > :10:08.strategy to winning over the locals. US forces are letting the
:10:08. > :10:12.Philippine forces take centre-stage. Stop such as in Afghanistan, the
:10:12. > :10:20.Afghan Asante -- the Americans are reducing their numbers here. One
:10:20. > :10:30.day they had to leave completely. Not yet. The threat is still very
:10:30. > :10:34.
:10:34. > :10:39.real. These islands remain as The Israeli Prime Minister,
:10:39. > :10:48.Benjamin Netanyahu, has spoken out after two Muslim players were
:10:48. > :10:54.subjected to racist abuse from the football team Beitar Jerusalem. He
:10:54. > :11:00.said there in the light of the troubles that the Jews have faced,
:11:00. > :11:03.such racist abuse is unacceptable. The day after the two players from
:11:03. > :11:11.Chechnya out joined, there was an arson attack on the offices of the
:11:11. > :11:13.football team. Anger and hatred on the terraces.
:11:13. > :11:17.1,000 gave and Gabriel caregivers was signed up to help Beitar
:11:17. > :11:27.Jerusalem qualifies for the end of season play-offs. The reception
:11:27. > :11:27.
:11:27. > :11:31.that the new players got from some fans was hostile and openly racist.
:11:31. > :11:36.They've had arisen as a long tradition are not signing Arab or
:11:36. > :11:42.Muslim the players. When it news came out at that bit too were
:11:42. > :11:46.signed up, a banner was unfurled that read that Beitar Jerusalem
:11:46. > :11:51.should be forever pure. Rifaat 'Jimmy' Turk was a footballing
:11:51. > :11:56.legend here. An Arab who played more than 30 times for Israel. He
:11:56. > :12:00.also suffered racist abuse on and off the pitch. He says that most
:12:00. > :12:06.clubs have changed except for Beitar Jerusalem. TRANSLATION: For
:12:06. > :12:10.most clubs, it is a pure football thing. Whether to have an Arab
:12:10. > :12:15.player if he is good enough or not. Beitar Jerusalem that seems to take
:12:15. > :12:21.pride in their reputation as the most racist in Israel. Races among
:12:21. > :12:24.the terrorists -- terraces is a blight affecting Israel. Beitar
:12:24. > :12:32.Jerusalem acknowledges that they have a long-standing problem but
:12:32. > :12:35.they are determined to stamp it out. Fans angry with the Muslim signings
:12:35. > :12:39.are suspected of setting fire to the club's offices last weekend,
:12:39. > :12:49.distrain trophies and football memorabilia. We will not give up
:12:49. > :12:54.because of what happens in the past few days. With a loud minority. We
:12:55. > :12:58.will support our new players. We will still be a football club that
:12:58. > :13:04.uses plays because they're football players and not because of their
:13:04. > :13:08.religion. Some fans had been banned for racist behaviour but there are
:13:08. > :13:14.still strong views on the ground. We will not allow Muslims, this is
:13:14. > :13:18.a Jewish Club, says of this fan. Others disagree. Most of their
:13:18. > :13:21.support as they are here to see supper. They did not care about the
:13:21. > :13:27.religion of the player and a not racist and just want to enjoy the
:13:27. > :13:32.game. Beitar Jerusalem admits that potential investors and sponsors
:13:32. > :13:42.have been at put off by the club's potential repetition four races. A
:13:42. > :13:47.
:13:48. > :13:54.reputation that the majority of Train travel in Nigeria is
:13:54. > :13:57.improving, thanks to Chinese Investment. There is hope a realist
:13:57. > :14:04.-- every established a link connecting committees between the
:14:05. > :14:09.north and the south can help defuse the religious tension. The rare
:14:09. > :14:17.where in the Christian south and the mostly Muslim north has
:14:17. > :14:22.reopened. -- Railroad. Slowly but surely, the train is making a
:14:22. > :14:26.comeback here. Decades of neglect saw the network grind to a cot. It
:14:26. > :14:31.is now being modernise. Although tickets are similar to the ones
:14:32. > :14:37.used in colonial days. Debris open line to Kano is popular, it is
:14:37. > :14:42.cheaper bendy by us. We travelled by on time with several armed
:14:42. > :14:47.policemen to keep everyone up say. The train sliced its way it did the
:14:47. > :14:51.hustle and bustle of a two life. At a steady for the fivekph, we kept
:14:51. > :14:55.up with the traffic. Six in the city was gone and we were
:14:55. > :14:59.surrounded by green vegetation in the countryside. Passengers say
:14:59. > :15:02.they want modern carriages, but many are just grateful to be
:15:02. > :15:06.offered the roads where there is a higher risk of accidents and even
:15:06. > :15:12.armed robbery. I had been travelling on the train but over
:15:12. > :15:18.three decades. I was happy when it came back onboard. But there is
:15:19. > :15:23.still room boy improvement. course, one of the great end of --
:15:23. > :15:28.great benefits of this railway is that here you get all sorts of
:15:28. > :15:32.Trade going on. At the moment, a train any runs twice a week so
:15:32. > :15:38.shops on ever these platforms, these ball boy shops, are only
:15:38. > :15:45.operating for about ten minutes each week. 24 hours into the
:15:45. > :15:48.journey, we had a close-up meeting with the markets. The train is
:15:48. > :15:53.heading deep into the territory where Islamist militants had been
:15:53. > :15:59.carrying out frequent deadly attacks. On wheat, UCD stark
:15:59. > :16:02.contrast between the relatively fertile south and his environment.
:16:02. > :16:07.Travel to the north and there is extremely dry savannah landscape.
:16:07. > :16:13.Not a lot of development compared to the other parts of the country.
:16:13. > :16:16.There is a higher amount of poverty. It is the poverty, but some say is
:16:16. > :16:24.the major can she be dead to the problems facing the north,
:16:24. > :16:34.including the violence. -- consume bigger. Some passages think this
:16:34. > :16:35.
:16:35. > :16:41.train can help unite Nigeria. Muslims, Christians, everybody. We
:16:41. > :16:46.are one. The train could be faster. It took 31 hours to get to Kano. It
:16:46. > :16:55.could be more comfortable. But at least Nigeria's trains are moving
:16:55. > :16:59.Politicians campaigning for the Italian general election had been
:16:59. > :17:04.trying to convince voters that they can lift the country out of
:17:04. > :17:09.recession and create jobs for the unemployed. But the lack of jobs is
:17:09. > :17:14.also at the heart of a musical that has just opened. It is packing a
:17:14. > :17:18.political punch in Rome. It is the Italian version of the Full Monty.
:17:18. > :17:28.That is the story of a group of unemployed men who made a new
:17:28. > :17:31.
:17:31. > :17:37.He is living The Full Monty dream. He was a carpenter, unemployed and
:17:37. > :17:43.desperate for work. By Peter great chance, auditioned for the share,
:17:43. > :17:53.and now this is his job. He does it every night. And he knows how lucky
:17:53. > :17:53.
:17:53. > :17:57.he has been. TRANSLATION: I was at the right place at the right time.
:17:57. > :18:05.The message for other young people is to keep believing. They have
:18:05. > :18:10.taken a lot from us, but they cannot take away our dreams. When
:18:10. > :18:14.you strip away demerit -- music and fun of the show, you are left with
:18:14. > :18:19.the story that is rooted in the degrading misery of unemployment.
:18:19. > :18:24.That his daily life for too many young Italians. Over one third of
:18:24. > :18:31.them are unemployed. The share's director hopes that the story of
:18:31. > :18:37.the Full Monty might serve as an inspiration. This show is a strong
:18:37. > :18:43.push to the people to say find an idea, tried to react, think of
:18:43. > :18:48.yourself in another way. Live your life in a much more positive way
:18:48. > :18:54.and react. This is what is happening. An unemployed factory
:18:54. > :18:58.worker auditions to join the team of strippers. All those jobless
:18:58. > :19:03.young Italians know exactly how it feels to go looking for work. If
:19:03. > :19:09.they can find the money for the ticket price, they might enjoyed
:19:09. > :19:12.the musical and its message. But they will be well aware bed this is
:19:12. > :19:22.showbusiness. And that for most people, in real life, happy endings
:19:22. > :19:24.
:19:24. > :19:27.They maybe a symbol of all that is shiny and new, but high-rise office
:19:27. > :19:32.blocks and apartment buildings around the world are beginning to
:19:32. > :19:36.show their age. Large numbers of them will soon need to be pulled
:19:36. > :19:41.down. Until now, it has been done with a wrecking ball or explosives.
:19:41. > :19:50.But in some densely packed cities, that is not possible. A company in
:19:50. > :19:55.Japan has come up with an Tokyo, the biggest city in the
:19:55. > :19:58.world. Home to 30 million people, a jumble of concrete and glass,
:19:58. > :20:05.buildings crammed together so tightly, berries often barely room
:20:05. > :20:09.to squeeze between them. -- affair is. At street level, the problem is
:20:09. > :20:13.even clearer. If I stretch my arms out, I can almost touch the
:20:13. > :20:18.buildings. That is not a problem when you are putting them up. It is
:20:18. > :20:23.more at a problem when you want to bring them down. This is the normal
:20:23. > :20:28.way of building down of high risers. It is tricky, it said to, and it
:20:28. > :20:33.does not always good quite as it should. In Japan, they have come up
:20:33. > :20:38.with something better. That building behind me is Tokyo's
:20:38. > :20:42.famous Grand Prince Hotel. It looks pretty much like any other 1980s
:20:42. > :20:49.glass skyscraper, except when you see what has happened sit in the
:20:49. > :20:54.last few months. The once swanky hotel is finding new fame as
:20:54. > :20:59.Tokyo's amazing shrinking building. From inside, it is even more
:21:00. > :21:09.dramatic as the building is lowered. From street level, many do not even
:21:10. > :21:11.
:21:11. > :21:16.notice. Really, says this woman, I did not realise. Yes, says his
:21:16. > :21:21.former, I had a photo of what it used to look like. It was much
:21:21. > :21:27.taller. -- says this woman. The government says it is cleaner,
:21:27. > :21:33.safer, and more environmentally. -- the company had developed this.
:21:33. > :21:39.TRANSLATION: In Japan, and many big cities, there are many towers over
:21:39. > :21:47.100 metres. That would need to come down. This way, we can do safe and
:21:47. > :21:51.cleanly. For 100 years, we got used to sink skyscrapers going higher