:00:00. > :00:24.Welcome to Reporters. From here, we send out correspondents to bring you
:00:25. > :00:33.the best stories from across the world. In this programme, Ukraine's
:00:34. > :00:40.dark side. We investigate the rise of the far right in the capital,
:00:41. > :00:51.Kiev. Are you a Nazi? No, I don't think I am a Nazi, I am a Ukrainian
:00:52. > :00:54.nationalist. The Kamikaze legacy, as Japan pushes for their place in
:00:55. > :01:03.world history. We meet the suicide bomber who is still standing. Japan
:01:04. > :01:16.needed us to be warriors, to stop the invasion. Our minds were set. We
:01:17. > :01:19.had no doubt. We meet the North Korean defectors
:01:20. > :01:25.who want to go back home. And the true story that inspired the story.
:01:26. > :01:30.We visit the plantation behind the film 12 Years A Slave. It is now a
:01:31. > :01:40.working farm. This is a reminder of what this place once was. As the
:01:41. > :01:43.highs of the world focus on the crisis in Crimea, events are playing
:01:44. > :01:45.into the hands of Ukraine's nationalists. As the Black Sea
:01:46. > :01:54.region moves towards Russia, the influence of the far right far away
:01:55. > :01:57.in Kiev is growing. It was ordinary Ukrainians whose show of people
:01:58. > :02:00.power brought down the government of Viktor Yanukovych but the most
:02:01. > :02:03.organised and possibly the most effective were the nationalists. As
:02:04. > :02:27.we report, the group has its own dark political agenda.
:02:28. > :02:31.In place of the defiant speeches, the sombre strains of Beethoven now
:02:32. > :02:42.ring out over Independence Square. This revolution is moving into a new
:02:43. > :02:51.phase. But amid the flowers and the children's tributes, flashes of
:02:52. > :02:58.something more sinister. Groups of armed men strut through the square,
:02:59. > :03:01.with dubious iconography. That yellow armband is a German symbol
:03:02. > :03:05.used by several SS divisions in the Second World War. Far right graffiti
:03:06. > :03:10.is appearing, daubed on the walls of the city. The people who brought
:03:11. > :03:15.down the government were overwhelmingly ordinary Ukrainians.
:03:16. > :03:21.Students and doctors, workers and even families, people who simply
:03:22. > :03:24.refused to back down. But the most organised and perhaps the most
:03:25. > :03:29.effective were a small number of far right groups. When it came to
:03:30. > :03:42.confrontations with the police, it was often the nationalists who were
:03:43. > :03:49.the loudest, and the most violent. A group calling itself the Right
:03:50. > :03:53.Sector is the largest. Its members can be seen marching around Kiev in
:03:54. > :03:56.columns of a dozen. Mostly they carry baseball bats. Sometimes they
:03:57. > :03:59.carry guns. We met these men, posing for pictures outside the burned out
:04:00. > :04:01.remains of what was once their headquarters. I asked them about
:04:02. > :04:03.their political beliefs. What about the east, I asked, what about
:04:04. > :05:14.Crimea? Where many Ukrainians feel close
:05:15. > :05:17.historical ties to Russia. Police have largely disappeared from the
:05:18. > :05:22.street of Kiev. Law and order is maintained by so-called self-defence
:05:23. > :05:31.groups. Not all hold extreme views but those who you are often shy of
:05:32. > :05:35.the cameras. We got a late-night phone call from another group, known
:05:36. > :05:38.as C 14, inviting us to meet their leader at their new base. It turned
:05:39. > :05:47.out to be the former headquarters of the Communist Party. It's now
:05:48. > :05:50.occupied by the far right. It's our general mission to totally ruin
:05:51. > :05:56.chains that connect our country with imperial power from the past. And
:05:57. > :06:05.that being Russia? Yes, Russia. Not only Russia, Soviet Union. Are you a
:06:06. > :06:14.Nazi? No, I don't think I am a Nazi, I am a Ukrainian nationalist. What
:06:15. > :06:20.does that mean? The main confrontation is about some ethnic
:06:21. > :06:29.groups, have control. Many business structures, some politicals forces.
:06:30. > :06:32.Which ethnic groups? Russians and Jews, some non-Ukrainian groups
:06:33. > :06:38.control huge percent of economic or operational power.
:06:39. > :06:43.And of course in this situation, Ukrainian people have some tension
:06:44. > :06:53.between them and it causes conflict. He says his group consists of around
:06:54. > :06:56.200 men. C14 is affiliated with a political party, which controls four
:06:57. > :07:03.ministries in the new government, including the Ministry of Defence.
:07:04. > :07:07.Two of the MPs were photographed brandishing well-known far right
:07:08. > :07:13.numerology. 88 stands for the eighth letter of the alphabet. HH. Heil
:07:14. > :07:26.Hitler. We in no way espouse Nazism. Nazism and Communism are two sides
:07:27. > :07:27.of the same coin. They destroyed the Ukrainian nation in the 20th century
:07:28. > :07:33.and killed millions of Ukrainians. of the same coin. They destroyed the
:07:34. > :07:36.Ukrainian nation in With their anti-Russian rhetoric, events in
:07:37. > :07:39.Crimea will certainly play into the hands of the nationalists. No-one
:07:40. > :07:42.knows exactly how strong they are in terms of numbers but the influence
:07:43. > :07:45.of the far right in Ukraine is growing.
:07:46. > :08:00.From nationalism in Ukraine to Japan's wartime nationalist, the
:08:01. > :08:11.kamikaze. Their suicide missions, flying head long into allied
:08:12. > :08:14.targets, was seen as terrifying. Now, 70 years after the end of World
:08:15. > :08:18.War II, Japan wants to commemorate the thousands of pilots who died by
:08:19. > :08:20.seeking World Heritage status, for a collection of their letters.
:08:21. > :08:23.However, as Rupert Wingfield Hayes reports from Nagoya, some are
:08:24. > :08:31.concerned it is an attempt to glorify aggression.
:08:32. > :08:39.What are the kamikaze letters? Why are they so important that Japan
:08:40. > :08:49.wants them to have UNESCO heritage status? Find out, I am going to meet
:08:50. > :08:53.the man who has the collection and went on two kamikaze missions. For
:08:54. > :09:02.those of us who grew up after the war, it is still hard to comprehend
:09:03. > :09:06.the kamikaze. The squadrons were formed in the final months of the
:09:07. > :09:11.war and most of the pilots were between 17 and 20 years old. Their
:09:12. > :09:15.job was simple. Slam their planes into as many Allied ships as
:09:16. > :09:25.possible and to hold the invasion of Japan. It's not every day you get to
:09:26. > :09:27.meet a real kamikaze. In 1945, at the age of 19, this man was
:09:28. > :09:32.recruited into Japan's special attack squadrons. Today, the
:09:33. > :09:44.cheerful 89-year-old doesn't look like a fanatic. So why did he
:09:45. > :09:48.volunteer to die? TRANSLATION: Commonsense says you only have one
:09:49. > :10:00.life, so why would you want to give it up? But at the same time, all of
:10:01. > :10:04.us wanted to volunteer. Okinawa was being attacked by the Americans.
:10:05. > :10:08.Japan needed us to be warriors, to stop the invasion. On his first
:10:09. > :10:20.mission his engine broke down and he was forced to ditch. The second was
:10:21. > :10:23.called off because of bad weather and so, unlike so many of his
:10:24. > :10:26.comrades, he survived. When you look back today at what happened and all
:10:27. > :10:29.the young people who died, doesn't it feel like a waste? TRANSLATION: I
:10:30. > :10:33.never look back with regret. The people who died did so willingly. If
:10:34. > :10:36.they were forced to go, I would not be collecting all this stuff. They
:10:37. > :10:39.must not be forgotten. These are the kamikaze letters. He has collected
:10:40. > :10:42.them from families of kamikaze pilots across Japan. Many like this
:10:43. > :10:53.express pride in the coming sacrifice.
:10:54. > :11:12.Others show clear disillusionment in Japan's war.
:11:13. > :11:18.Close to an old airfield near his house stands a memorial to the
:11:19. > :11:21.kamikaze. The names of those who died are carved across its back.
:11:22. > :11:31.There are dozens like this scattered across Japan. When I first came
:11:32. > :11:35.across one of these memorials, I have to admit I was taken aback. It
:11:36. > :11:41.felt like a shrine to fanaticism, to blind loyalty to the emperor. And to
:11:42. > :11:45.some on the far right of Japanese politics, the kamikaze are still
:11:46. > :11:48.very much held up as an ideal of Japanese man hood. -- manhood. That
:11:49. > :11:51.is why the issue has potency today. But to most Japanese, this isn't
:11:52. > :11:57.really about glorifying Japan's military's past. It's much more
:11:58. > :12:04.about remembering the young men who sacrificed their lives selflessly to
:12:05. > :12:07.defend their nation. If the kamikaze letters gain World Heritage status,
:12:08. > :12:12.will it help Japan to examine this dark episode of its past? Or will it
:12:13. > :12:22.strengthen those who still seek to worship it as a lost ideal?
:12:23. > :12:29.For North Koreans, defecting to the south has been seen as the ultimate
:12:30. > :12:34.suicide mission. More than 25,000 of them have risked their lives to
:12:35. > :12:39.escape the brutal regime in Pyongyang. They took a long and
:12:40. > :12:43.dangerous journey. Yet once in South Korea, there were guaranteed
:12:44. > :12:52.citizenship. But somehow found life as a defector tough. Some want to go
:12:53. > :12:56.back home. Today's lessons at the heavenly
:12:57. > :12:59.dream boarding school in steel, trust, self-sufficiency and Korean
:13:00. > :13:07.literature. The children are all North Korean is learning to speak
:13:08. > :13:09.the cultural language of the South. Fitting into South Korea's highly
:13:10. > :13:14.competitive society is a struggle for many of them, with high
:13:15. > :13:21.unemployment and no direct contact with their families back home. This
:13:22. > :13:25.man, I all defectors, receives government support on arrival,
:13:26. > :13:30.including this flight. But problems meant he lost his fridge and washing
:13:31. > :13:35.machine and he now stores his rations on the balcony. He has
:13:36. > :13:39.appealed to the government to allow him to go back to North Korea,
:13:40. > :13:47.partly as a protest against the isolation many feel. TRANSLATION:
:13:48. > :13:51.Over the years I have noticed the political defectors in the south and
:13:52. > :13:54.the material circumstances they grapple with. They have been days
:13:55. > :14:00.when I asked myself why I chose to do it in the first place. Anywhere
:14:01. > :14:03.in North Korean defector goes, he could face difficulties and
:14:04. > :14:11.discrimination. The discrimination can feel a lot colder. Some have
:14:12. > :14:17.made it back to North Korea. 13 of them, according to the South Korean
:14:18. > :14:21.government. Activists say the real number is higher. Each return is
:14:22. > :14:29.celebrated with a press conference. Like that of this man and his family
:14:30. > :14:32.18 months ago. He told them that the factors like him who escaped to
:14:33. > :14:37.South Korea were the victims of human rights activists conspiring
:14:38. > :14:43.against the North Korean state. Except if you months later he came
:14:44. > :14:48.back to the South. The authorities were not so welcoming a second time.
:14:49. > :14:54.He was brought in front of this caught behind me and asked to
:14:55. > :14:57.explain his erratic debut. His lawyer cited financial difficulties
:14:58. > :15:02.in the north. Other reports suggested he may have feared for his
:15:03. > :15:06.safety. Either way, the court was unamused and gave him a three-year
:15:07. > :15:11.jail sentence. In a letter sent from his prison cell, he told us that he
:15:12. > :15:17.had been forced to take part in the press conference and that he was
:15:18. > :15:22.appealing his sentence. At the heavenly dream school, the
:15:23. > :15:26.students have moved on to a class and arrest the skills. Part of a
:15:27. > :15:31.plan to steer them towards jobs that do not require high levels of
:15:32. > :15:36.English, IT or social skills. Life may be tough for defectors, but the
:15:37. > :15:40.vast majority choose to stay. And the challenge for South Korea is
:15:41. > :15:49.less about preventing those who want to leave and integrating those who
:15:50. > :15:56.remain. Is peace and quiet a human right? In
:15:57. > :16:00.the view of Denmark's highest environmental authority it is. A
:16:01. > :16:03.special tribunal ruled that the physical and psychological suffering
:16:04. > :16:07.of Copenhagen residents due to the sound of building work is
:16:08. > :16:12.unacceptable. The ruling has left the authorities are struggling to
:16:13. > :16:22.pacify angry residents as well as trying to complete the project on
:16:23. > :16:24.time. For residents living near
:16:25. > :16:32.Copenhagen's Church, the soundscape is rarely divine. As workers
:16:33. > :16:35.borrowed to build an underground station, decibel levels of around
:16:36. > :16:41.and sometimes exceeded those determined as dangerous by the World
:16:42. > :16:47.Health Organization. This is the view from the apartment of one
:16:48. > :16:52.psychologist who wears earplugs. I am worried about my children. The
:16:53. > :16:54.World Health Organization says this will give concentration
:16:55. > :16:59.difficulties, difficulties of motivation and communication. The
:17:00. > :17:05.environmental tribunal ruled that Denmark broken interventional
:17:06. > :17:13.liftback broke and international convention. With round-the-clock
:17:14. > :17:20.construction continuing at these neighbours, one of whom suffers from
:17:21. > :17:23.depression because of the noise. It is incredible in a country like
:17:24. > :17:30.Denmark that prides itself on being respecting of human rights and
:17:31. > :17:36.respecting this and that. It is just despicable. The construction company
:17:37. > :17:41.needs to work around the clock if it is to meet its deadline. It is
:17:42. > :17:46.trying to achieve 30m of new title every day. Anything less will not be
:17:47. > :17:51.viable. The project is dependent on us completing this to a programme.
:17:52. > :17:56.We are very, very restrict it in being able to achieve that
:17:57. > :18:08.programme. The new Metropolitan line was scheduled to be completed by
:18:09. > :18:11.2018 at a cost of $3.9 billion. The tribunal's adjudication could result
:18:12. > :18:16.in a substantial delay and an increase in costs. You have to make
:18:17. > :18:22.sure that the Metro is done on time. But we have to make sure that people
:18:23. > :18:27.in Copenhagen are not bothered. That is a complication. You cannot do
:18:28. > :18:34.both at the same time. What is the priority? For me the priority is to
:18:35. > :18:39.try and do both. I could see only one solution. That is a settlement.
:18:40. > :18:46.The government wants to solve the problem quickly. It has set aside
:18:47. > :18:52.$55 million to help thousands of residents move. Exposure to sustain
:18:53. > :19:02.excessive noise is unacceptable. They are unimpressed with the buyout
:19:03. > :19:06.plan. It is a hard-hitting, powerful story
:19:07. > :19:10.and is not only true, but a bestselling book in the 19th century
:19:11. > :19:16.and is now in the 21st-century and Oscar-winning film. The historical
:19:17. > :19:21.drama 12 Years A Slave is based on a memoir written over 160 years ago by
:19:22. > :19:28.Solomon Northop, a free black man who was forced to work on an
:19:29. > :19:32.American cotton plantation. We have been to visit the plantation that
:19:33. > :19:39.inspired the story of 12 Years A Slave. Wanted by history.
:19:40. > :19:45.The fields of Louisiana, America's deep South. Thousands of slaves
:19:46. > :19:51.served, struggled and suffered. Solomon Northop was one of the few
:19:52. > :20:01.who got to tell his story. His story is now the Oscar-winning film 12
:20:02. > :20:06.Years A Slave, . Born a free man in the north, he was kidnapped and
:20:07. > :20:10.taken south. Two central Louisiana. He spent several years working as a
:20:11. > :20:15.slave on this plantation. It is now a working farm. The slave quarters
:20:16. > :20:20.behind me are a reminder of what it once was. The story of Solomon
:20:21. > :20:25.Northop might never have come to light if it was not for the tireless
:20:26. > :20:29.efforts of one woman. A local academic found one of the last
:20:30. > :20:36.surviving copies of the book. It had been out of print for almost a
:20:37. > :20:39.century. This is her great-nephew. She bought it at a local campus
:20:40. > :20:45.bookstore and told that it was a pack of lies. There is a great quote
:20:46. > :20:52.from her. She spent the next 70 years of life chasing down the story
:20:53. > :20:55.and proving him wrong. Solomon suffered the most at the hands of
:20:56. > :21:05.his master. Played by Michael Fassbender. This is the house today.
:21:06. > :21:09.Where she worked to get it restored, she was told people in the area did
:21:10. > :21:15.not want to be reminded of their connections to slavery. It was very
:21:16. > :21:21.painful. It is difficult to build a community when there is that giant
:21:22. > :21:28.psychic wound that slavery inflected. Which is yet to heal.
:21:29. > :21:33.These derelict slave quarters are among the last still standing. More
:21:34. > :21:40.than 150 years on, the legacy of Solomon Northop and that slavery
:21:41. > :21:45.remained and uncomfortable truth. -- remain and. That is all for this
:21:46. > :22:05.week. Goodbye.
:22:06. > :22:10.There was quite a contrast in weather fortunes across the British
:22:11. > :22:16.Isles thanks to the presence of an area of low pressure with this
:22:17. > :22:18.attendant front. The wind was quite a factor through Saturday with quite
:22:19. > :22:19.a number of isobars across