:00:00. > :00:17.Now on BBC News, it's time for Reporters.
:00:18. > :00:23.Hello and welcome. I am Zeinab Badawi. From here we send out
:00:24. > :00:39.correspondence to bring you the best stories from across the globe. In
:00:40. > :00:43.this week 's programme, distrust runs deep. We meet Libyans who can't
:00:44. > :00:48.return to their homes three years after the fall of Colonel Gaddafi.
:00:49. > :00:51.Some of the people here seem to be resigned to the idea that they will
:00:52. > :00:55.be in camps like this for a long time to come. We report on operation
:00:56. > :01:00.punch, the suppression of the dangerous street gangs in Kinshasa.
:01:01. > :01:05.Apparently there was a police truck right here and a young man was
:01:06. > :01:15.standing right next to that goal. He was shot three times in the stomach.
:01:16. > :01:19.Amid tension with Russia on NATO 's eastern borders, our correspondent
:01:20. > :01:23.joined troops on a training exercise in the far north of Norway.
:01:24. > :01:26.The noise behind the big bang. Our science editor on the discovery of
:01:27. > :01:36.new evidence which could help solve the mystery of the universe. Nearly
:01:37. > :01:39.three years after the struggle in Libya that killed Colonel Gaddafi,
:01:40. > :01:46.some communities in Libya are still internally displaced. During the
:01:47. > :01:52.conflict, fighters from the West in time for it used of siding with the
:01:53. > :01:55.Gaddafi forces by their neighbours. After Colonel Gaddafi fell, 4,000
:01:56. > :01:58.people from their were forced from their homes and many men were jailed
:01:59. > :02:05.in what human rights organisations called at collective punishment.
:02:06. > :02:15.Even today, able from their say the return home. We report from Tripoli.
:02:16. > :02:21.The dust has not settled between the two communities ripped apart during
:02:22. > :02:30.the Civil War. Scattered across the country, the people call abandoned
:02:31. > :02:36.construction sites like this home. The children even go to school in
:02:37. > :02:39.these camps. Here they chant for the revolutionaries and freedom, but it
:02:40. > :02:47.was the revolution that brought them here. Nearly every family you speak
:02:48. > :02:55.to has a relative who is either missing or still in detention. Life
:02:56. > :03:07.is difficult here. TRANSLATION: when it rains, the mattresses for the
:03:08. > :03:11.children gets wet. Morale is low, the children get ill and depressed.
:03:12. > :03:17.We don't want charity, we just want to go back to our homes. No house,
:03:18. > :03:24.no salary, nothing. What is this? I am crying over the situation I am
:03:25. > :03:38.in. Our men go out and get detained. What kind of the treatment is this?
:03:39. > :03:41.Many were rounded up after the war. This young man has only just been
:03:42. > :03:46.released. He asks that we don't show his face. Only 16 when he was
:03:47. > :03:53.detained, he tells me he is looking to finish his studies and work to
:03:54. > :04:01.help his mother. Rebuilding in Libya and the ties between its people is
:04:02. > :04:05.proving to be difficult. Some of the people here seem to be resigned to
:04:06. > :04:09.the idea that they would be in camps like this for a long time to come.
:04:10. > :04:12.There is viewe today than in the of transitional justice it will be
:04:13. > :04:17.difficult for both communities to ever live side`by`side again.
:04:18. > :04:22.TRANSLATION: they have lost a lot. They don't live any more on their
:04:23. > :04:32.land. Today everyone needs the right address. The government is obliged
:04:33. > :04:35.to give everyone their rights back. A new generation are being raised in
:04:36. > :04:42.camps, treated like foreigners in their own land. If the grievances of
:04:43. > :04:44.both communities are not addressed, this could he have the way for an
:04:45. > :05:00.endless cycle of revenge. To the capital of the Democratic
:05:01. > :05:04.Republic of Congo where police are going after the city 's dangerous
:05:05. > :05:06.street gangs. The authorities claim that the operation has been a
:05:07. > :05:09.success, but human rights groups claim that hundreds of young gang
:05:10. > :05:23.members have been arbitrarily executed by police officers.
:05:24. > :05:29.It looks peaceful, but this was one the dangerous part of Kimshasa. For
:05:30. > :05:36.years residents were afraid to carry money orphans in their pockets after
:05:37. > :05:47.dark. Women were afraid of getting raped. Valentine has been attacked
:05:48. > :05:51.by Gangs tours several times. TRANSLATION: It was very difficult
:05:52. > :05:55.for us to sell our goods here. We would have stones or broken bottles
:05:56. > :05:58.thrown at us. In the past few months, life has become easier for
:05:59. > :06:02.people here. Behind this change is operation punch. This footage from
:06:03. > :06:05.local TV shows how the police hit hard against street gangs. So hard
:06:06. > :06:14.that human rights organisations accuse policeman of being behind the
:06:15. > :06:18.disappearance of over 100 young men. I am standing on a football field
:06:19. > :06:24.where I am told a young man was killed. Apparently there was a
:06:25. > :06:27.police truck right here. The young man was standing right next to that
:06:28. > :06:31.pole over there. He was shot three times in the stomach. I am told that
:06:32. > :06:41.executions like these were not rare during the operation. This man used
:06:42. > :06:45.to live here. All his father has left of him is this photograph. His
:06:46. > :06:55.father did not want to be identified. He said his son was shot
:06:56. > :06:59.by the police. TRANSLATION: We don't know where our son was taken or
:07:00. > :07:09.buried. We know he was killed by a policeman who use this operation as
:07:10. > :07:12.an excuse to kill him. The government has hailed the operation
:07:13. > :07:16.as a success and has decided to continue with that. The head of the
:07:17. > :07:19.police in the country admits there was some abuse by his staff, said
:07:20. > :07:21.there were no murders and all those responsible have been brought to
:07:22. > :07:25.court. TRANSLATION: some policemen have been sentenced to death for
:07:26. > :07:34.acts committed join this operation. If murders are reported, we will
:07:35. > :07:37.act. The operation may have helped clear the streets of gangs, but it's
:07:38. > :07:40.brutal excesses have led to her paper many families who feel reprise
:07:41. > :07:53.all said they speak out against the police.
:07:54. > :07:57.The crisis in Ukraine has caused alarm bells to ring in capitals
:07:58. > :08:02.across Europe and elsewhere in the world. NATO is giving assurances and
:08:03. > :08:06.assistant to the leadership in Ukraine and it has refused to
:08:07. > :08:12.recognise Russia's decision to absorb Crimea. Questions remain as
:08:13. > :08:17.to whether NATO can use is rhetoric with in creased defence capability.
:08:18. > :08:21.NATO troops are training in northern Norway near the Russian border. From
:08:22. > :08:27.that, our correspondent sent this report.
:08:28. > :08:33.We are flying 400 kilometres away from Norway is shared borders with
:08:34. > :08:36.Russia. Today these soldiers are practising tandem collect and
:08:37. > :08:40.protect winter warfare techniques. This corresponds training was
:08:41. > :08:44.planned before the recent tensions in Crimea. The Norwegian commander
:08:45. > :08:51.has no fear of conflict in the north. Is always important for
:08:52. > :08:58.forces to cope with these kind of circumstances. Right now, we
:08:59. > :09:08.describe our part of the role as low tension. The current situation in
:09:09. > :09:14.Crimea and Ukraine is, in my view more of a political issue. While
:09:15. > :09:19.NATO nations have made huge cuts to defence spending, Norway is a mild a
:09:20. > :09:29.few investing, one of these vehicles would cost more than 6.5 million
:09:30. > :09:36.Euros. They currently have 146 of them on order. Some hearsay rushes
:09:37. > :09:40.actions in Crimea should remind nations of the importance of
:09:41. > :09:42.investing in the NATO partnership. Financially and practically through
:09:43. > :09:49.joint training exercises like this one. These are British veterans,
:09:50. > :09:53.using the injuries to help the forces practice their responses to
:09:54. > :09:59.traumatic events in the future. The US Marine Corps is here and keen to
:10:00. > :10:06.point out that the military presence on Russia's doorstep is not a
:10:07. > :10:09.response to any specific threat. Even Afghanistan in the north and
:10:10. > :10:16.north`east and eastern part of Afghanistan is very cold. This is
:10:17. > :10:19.about being ready all the time. Getting back his call relationship
:10:20. > :10:22.we have had over the last few decades will give us the ability to
:10:23. > :10:32.do anything in the future. That is why this is important.
:10:33. > :10:35.There are about 11 million illegal immigrants living in the United
:10:36. > :10:40.States. Many of them from Mexico. Their status is a hotly contested
:10:41. > :10:46.political issue. Under Barack Obama 's presidency, will have been
:10:47. > :10:50.deported than under any of his predecessors. Nearly 2 million in
:10:51. > :10:58.fact. Thousands of them have passed through the town of Tijuana. Many of
:10:59. > :11:06.them are struggling to adapt. Their slow walk to Freedom. Arrested and
:11:07. > :11:10.detained in America, these immigrants are being sent back to
:11:11. > :11:14.Mexico on foot. Somewhere caught trying to enter the US illegally,
:11:15. > :11:20.others had been leaving without papers. The detainees are brought
:11:21. > :11:25.here to the border in the US authorities. This is the last stop
:11:26. > :11:34.in the deportation process. Once they go through that door, they will
:11:35. > :11:40.be back in Mexico. A few items in a small bag, that is all they carry
:11:41. > :11:45.home. Many are back in the country they have not visited for more than
:11:46. > :11:51.a decade. This woman first came to America as a child. She was at
:11:52. > :12:03.college in California when she was detained for driving without a
:12:04. > :12:14.licence. But many of those deported struggle to restart their lives.
:12:15. > :12:17.Raoul Grub in America `` grew up in America but he still relies on
:12:18. > :12:23.handouts at a soup kitchen. It is hard for me to adapt. I want to go
:12:24. > :12:26.back to the US. I am suffering in the streets and they have a daughter
:12:27. > :12:34.born in the US and they left her when she was two and my daughter and
:12:35. > :12:48.my family, were grew up is all they are. Coming to Mexico, was like
:12:49. > :12:53.another jail sentence for me. Tijuana is a notorious drug
:12:54. > :12:57.trafficking hub in the US. But the authorities here blamed those coming
:12:58. > :13:01.back from America. They tried to chop by arm off with a machete and
:13:02. > :13:08.broke my nose three times and chipped my tooth. After he was
:13:09. > :13:15.deported, this man spent three years dealing with drug and gang violence
:13:16. > :13:19.in this concrete wasteland. Light here is practically non`existent for
:13:20. > :13:24.me. There is nothing here for me. The family is over there. My son
:13:25. > :13:32.lives in Las Vegas with his mum. I hate it over here. For some
:13:33. > :13:37.deportees, living here is a last resort. But they also say it is a
:13:38. > :13:40.way of feeling closer to what they left behind in the US until it is
:13:41. > :13:49.time to try and cross the border again. Almost 30 major political
:13:50. > :13:52.parties and hundreds of smaller groups are campaigning for India's
:13:53. > :14:00.parliamentary elections on the 7th of April. With many Indians are
:14:01. > :14:07.unable to read, traditional methods like mass poster campaign are
:14:08. > :14:10.critical to getting the message out. With India's election campaign under
:14:11. > :14:17.way, so too is the poster and banner campaign. That is busy times for
:14:18. > :14:19.this store which has been supplying election campaign materials to
:14:20. > :14:26.India's political parties for more than 40 years. Here on the floor,
:14:27. > :14:31.they are sorting through a pile of banners for the opposition BJP. At
:14:32. > :14:39.the back there, the green, white, and orange with the outstretched
:14:40. > :14:43.palm is for the Congress Party. Almost anything that you can print a
:14:44. > :14:52.logo on, they will sell it. A collection of badges here. Appear on
:14:53. > :14:56.these shelves, they are selling flags for all of the different
:14:57. > :15:03.parties. And if we come over here, you will see that you can even buy
:15:04. > :15:10.plastic bags advertising the Congress party. This is the Gandhi
:15:11. > :15:23.family that have dominated the party for most of its existence. Down
:15:24. > :15:31.here, is the main challenge of the Congress party. They will sell you a
:15:32. > :15:36.mask of him. He is frontrunner to be the next Prime Minister. Should be
:15:37. > :15:40.wealthy give you the right to live in a foreign country, especially if
:15:41. > :15:45.it is a member state of the EU? In embody what is delivered Portugal
:15:46. > :15:52.can obtain what is known as a Golden Visa by investing 500,000 euros
:15:53. > :15:56.there, often on property. That residency can eventually be turned
:15:57. > :16:02.into citizenship. It is a scheme which is proving highly attractive
:16:03. > :16:12.to rich Asians. This is the top floor. Chinese investors looking for
:16:13. > :16:15.a place in the European son. It has underfloor heating, full
:16:16. > :16:22.air`conditioning. As long as they spend 500,000 euros on a property in
:16:23. > :16:29.Portugal, they have a right to live here. This man is planning to take
:16:30. > :16:32.up the offer. You'll make we have laws which say that we cannot put
:16:33. > :16:36.all of our eggs in the same basket so we are trying to put some in
:16:37. > :16:39.Europe and this is a very good opportunity and we can earn some
:16:40. > :16:45.money and also get the Visa. His friend Brian, from Hong Kong,
:16:46. > :16:50.already has a Visa. He has already started a business putting Chinese
:16:51. > :16:54.buyers in touch with Portuguese estate agents. There is a huge
:16:55. > :16:59.appetite from China coming over to Portugal on the data shows that 80%
:17:00. > :17:04.of the applicants are Chinese. As the pursestrings tight and after the
:17:05. > :17:16.Portuguese bailout, property sales nosedived. These permits had
:17:17. > :17:21.generated a lot of revenue and are kickstarting the market. Critics say
:17:22. > :17:25.it is effectively selling passports. They do not get a passport as such
:17:26. > :17:30.but they get residency here and the right to travel across most of the
:17:31. > :17:34.EU and they can apply for a passport eventually. Portugal is not the only
:17:35. > :17:39.cash`strapped European country that have gone down this route. Spain,
:17:40. > :17:44.Greece and Cyprus have similar schemes and some are priced lower
:17:45. > :17:50.than others. This is a race to the bottom and it is something which is
:17:51. > :17:55.very anti` EU. It is country is trying to outdo the other in terms
:17:56. > :17:58.of better conditions to attract these foreign investors. People are
:17:59. > :18:07.not caring about where this money comes from. Ministers insist that
:18:08. > :18:13.there are rigourous checks and the whole country benefits. The Chinese
:18:14. > :18:19.like European brands. They are starting now to buy opinions, pig
:18:20. > :18:26.farms, so all of this is helping Portugal a lot. The money generated
:18:27. > :18:31.by the golden Visa is a drop in the ocean compared to Portugal's debt.
:18:32. > :18:34.But it has helped the property industry through choppy waters. Some
:18:35. > :18:43.say that schemes like these are just selling access to those rich enough
:18:44. > :18:47.to afford it. The big bang theory is one of the most fascinating of
:18:48. > :18:58.topics, a great enigma which has even given its name to a popular
:18:59. > :19:00.American comedy series. Now scientists trying to explain the
:19:01. > :19:02.birth of the universe seem to have made a significant development.
:19:03. > :19:04.Astrophysicists at Harvard University think they have detected
:19:05. > :19:12.space`time ripples left over from the big bang.
:19:13. > :19:20.These are ancient and difficult mysteries. How the universe started.
:19:21. > :19:23.What shaped everything we are familiar with? There are questions
:19:24. > :19:29.which modern science has tried to answer with the fury of a big bang.
:19:30. > :19:37.It is the idea of a single burst of creation, and now there are hard
:19:38. > :19:42.facts about how the process works. The telescope on the South Pole has
:19:43. > :19:51.detected clues about light from the earliest moments of time. Applause
:19:52. > :19:55.for a major advance. At Harvard University, the first results were
:19:56. > :19:59.unveiled. All eyes were on the scientist who first developed the
:20:00. > :20:03.theory. You make hard is it feel to be a star? There is now physical
:20:04. > :20:11.backing for it. And awards may follow. This experiment is
:20:12. > :20:18.excellent. It is a good discovery. It is a new future of nature, a real
:20:19. > :20:21.window and astronomy. They are singing waves from the very
:20:22. > :20:26.beginning of the universe that have never been seen before. For
:20:27. > :20:30.decades, the idea of a big bang giving birth to the universe is a
:20:31. > :20:35.theory with no hard evidence of how it works. Now this American team has
:20:36. > :20:39.discovered patterns in the energy left over from the earliest moments
:20:40. > :20:44.of the universe. They spotted twists in the light created then, patterns
:20:45. > :20:48.that can have informed by ripples radiating out from the initial burst
:20:49. > :20:52.of the big bang. They are what allowed Gravity to pull together the
:20:53. > :21:00.galaxies, the stars, and the planets. This is a major advance in
:21:01. > :21:05.understanding how we got here. Scientists all over the world have
:21:06. > :21:08.been looking at the results. This team gathered at Oxford University
:21:09. > :21:14.as a recognition that this is a hugely important milestone. We do
:21:15. > :21:17.not know why the universe started expanding. We do not know why the
:21:18. > :21:26.big bang happened. This takes us as far back as is possible to go and it
:21:27. > :21:30.could help us pick get that out. The discovery by this telescope raises a
:21:31. > :21:37.tantalising thought. If we can know how the big bang got going, can we
:21:38. > :21:44.find out how it started? It is the big question about our own
:21:45. > :22:10.existence. That is it from me. Goodbye.
:22:11. > :22:11.We can certainly offer you some sunshine for Sunday. It will not