:00:00. > :00:28.Welcome to Reporters, from the world's newsroom, we send out
:00:29. > :00:35.correspondence to bring you the best stories from across the globe.
:00:36. > :00:47.The new frontline in war against Al Qaeda. There is fire coming back in
:00:48. > :00:54.this direction. We joined African militants fighting in Somalia. And,
:00:55. > :01:00.out of the ashes of Libya's bloody civil war. Changing chemistry, we
:01:01. > :01:04.investigate how greenhouse gases are making our seas more toxic,
:01:05. > :01:12.threatening mass extinctions. This is more man`made CO2, it is absorbed
:01:13. > :01:19.into the sea water and is turning it more acidic. And, 70 years after the
:01:20. > :01:37.great escape, Robert Holl joins ceremonies in Poland to remember the
:01:38. > :01:39.50 men who never made it out. `` the `` Robert Hall.
:01:40. > :01:43.Africa has become the latest front in the war on terror against Al
:01:44. > :01:48.Qaeda. African Union troops are engaged in a fierce battle against
:01:49. > :01:52.Islamist militants linked to Al Qaeda in Somalia. The group, known
:01:53. > :01:56.as al`Shabab, control more territory than any other Al Qaeda affiliate in
:01:57. > :02:00.the world. They have been waging war in Somalia for a number of years,
:02:01. > :02:07.and were behind last year's attack on the Westgate shopping mall in
:02:08. > :02:09.Nairobi. Mark Doyle joined African Union forces on the frontline
:02:10. > :02:20.against al`Shabab. Soldiers from Uganda had four battle
:02:21. > :02:28.against radical Islamist rebels in Somalia. `` head for. Africa is the
:02:29. > :02:39.new front line in the war against Al Qaeda. Brute force is being used
:02:40. > :02:43.against Islamist insurgents, not only here in Somalia, but in the
:02:44. > :02:54.West African nations of Nigeria and Mali as well. These soldiers,
:02:55. > :03:08.marching through the night, face a very powerful Al Qaeda affiliate
:03:09. > :03:12.called al`Shabab, all 'the boys'. Somali government troops are
:03:13. > :03:16.involved as well. They are tough fighters, but they sometimes lacked
:03:17. > :03:23.discipline and are always short of equipment. Without the Ugandans, the
:03:24. > :03:27.Somali army wouldn't stand chance. The Ugandans are part of a 22,000
:03:28. > :03:33.strong African force in Somalia, paid for by the west, to do a job
:03:34. > :03:39.western governments want. `` the West. As the armoured column
:03:40. > :03:54.approaches a target town, al`Shabab are ready. The soldiers I'm with
:03:55. > :03:58.know what is coming. We are very close to the town now, and there
:03:59. > :04:02.appears to be a firefight about 100 metres in front of us. There is
:04:03. > :04:10.another African Union vehicle in front of us, and they appear to be
:04:11. > :04:16.engaging across the embankment where the town is, and there is some fire
:04:17. > :04:17.coming back in this direction. Some of that was coming in this
:04:18. > :04:42.direction. Shoot straight, kill the enemy.
:04:43. > :04:50.Bullets rain on the Ugandans. Fighting vehicles are caught in a
:04:51. > :05:05.traffic jam from hell. This is the main shopping street in the town.
:05:06. > :05:21.Look what has happened to it now. And al`Shabab signboard, the Koran
:05:22. > :05:27.is the only path. After fighting his way into town, the general took
:05:28. > :05:34.control. What I am sure of is that I have adequate manpower, over 1500
:05:35. > :05:40.soldiers. They won't do it to us. The battle has taken its toll.
:05:41. > :05:45.Civilians suffer more. This woman's Civilians suffer more. This woman's
:05:46. > :05:52.family was hit by a mortar round. She is the only surviving member.
:05:53. > :05:55.The attack was only part of a broader offensive against al`Shabab
:05:56. > :06:05.across an area where 3 million people live. Expect more civilian
:06:06. > :06:10.casualties and more refugees. The governor of the region thanked the
:06:11. > :06:17.Ugandans for coming, but I put it to him that it was Somalia's deep clan
:06:18. > :06:22.or tribal divisions that meant help was needed to shore it up. Would you
:06:23. > :06:36.say that Somalia needs foreign support? Who is going to teach our
:06:37. > :06:41.youngest how to make suicide, how to make an IED? There are a foreign
:06:42. > :06:46.fighters here. That is the tragedy of Somalia. Foreign troops dig in,
:06:47. > :06:53.foreign Jihadist battle against them. The Ugandans have made a
:06:54. > :06:59.significant military advance by reaching this town, but they don't
:07:00. > :07:03.yet control the whole town. Very soon, the annual rains will come in
:07:04. > :07:09.these big machines of war will be bogged down. Then, al`Shabab will
:07:10. > :07:11.surely regroup to fight, albeit in a more distant part of what often
:07:12. > :07:22.feels like an ungovernable country. It was the city that saw some of the
:07:23. > :07:28.fiercest fighting in Libya's bloody civil war. Now, Misrata is starting
:07:29. > :07:34.to tell a different story, far removed from these sporadic violence
:07:35. > :07:37.in various other parts of Libya, the country's third largest city is
:07:38. > :07:49.getting a name for itself for its safety and booming economy.
:07:50. > :07:54.Misrata witness some of the heaviest and most destructive battles during
:07:55. > :08:00.the war. The gaping scars in the epicentre of the fighting, still
:08:01. > :08:07.remain. They are real building around it now. `` rebuilding. There
:08:08. > :08:10.is construction across the board, and locals are investing in
:08:11. > :08:18.everything from hotels to shopping centres. TRANSLATION: This project
:08:19. > :08:23.is a supermarket in them all for Misrata. There are more
:08:24. > :08:28.opportunities here for economy growth, because it is a secure city.
:08:29. > :08:33.It is all being done by businessmen here. It is the gleaming finished
:08:34. > :08:40.projects like this that are the talk of the town, like this new terminal
:08:41. > :08:48.for Misrata's airport. And, the city's new centrepiece, a roughly $2
:08:49. > :08:57.million investment from Misrata's eager shoppers. As much as Libya's
:08:58. > :09:01.growing increasingly bitter, life is a little sweeter here. Misrata has
:09:02. > :09:05.long been known for businessmen and traders. Unlike the rest of Libya,
:09:06. > :09:09.we get the sense of long`term planning and optimism about the
:09:10. > :09:16.future here. It will understand that the Central government is weak, and
:09:17. > :09:18.they have to do it for themselves. Young men seem confident in the
:09:19. > :09:24.direction that their city is going on. It is not like before. Things
:09:25. > :09:36.have become bitter, you can see that with your eyes, you can see that.
:09:37. > :09:40.There is a good secure situation, it is stable in Misrata, and the people
:09:41. > :09:45.have money. Life in Misrata is easier than in other cities. A
:09:46. > :09:48.haunting reminder of the cost of war still lingers here. It will be
:09:49. > :09:51.sometime before is all fixed, but for the people of this city, they
:09:52. > :10:03.have already progressed. From Libya's post`war reconstruction
:10:04. > :10:06.to Afghanistan's presidential elections take place there next
:10:07. > :10:12.month, marking the first democratic chance for power since the American
:10:13. > :10:15.led invasion in 2001. The Taliban have vowed to disrupt the poll, but
:10:16. > :10:19.if Afghanistan descends into conflict again, few have more to
:10:20. > :10:23.lose than young women. Some have now become singers, musicians and
:10:24. > :10:34.artists, something they could never have done under the Taliban.
:10:35. > :10:43.The Afghans of all of this disease sing and studied together at the
:10:44. > :10:53.Institute of music. Among them, this girl, not quite 16, the ambition is
:10:54. > :10:57.to be a pop star. If not a star, at least a singer and musician. As a
:10:58. > :11:04.woman in Afghanistan, that is not easy. Afghanistan is better than the
:11:05. > :11:10.past, ten years ago. It is better now. It is difficult. Even in my
:11:11. > :11:17.family, they do not like this. Just my mum and dad support me. They
:11:18. > :11:27.don't like it but it is my vision and my dreams so they support me.
:11:28. > :11:33.The orchestra is mostly comprised of street children. For years, Nick was
:11:34. > :11:39.forbidden under the Taliban. Some of the children here will form in
:11:40. > :11:44.London this summer. I have a strong belief in the power of music. It can
:11:45. > :11:51.contribute to the rebuilding of Afghanistan. You can see and witness
:11:52. > :12:03.what is happening in social media. You can see the proof in this
:12:04. > :12:09.country. We are not ready to return back. At this centre in Kabul, these
:12:10. > :12:14.female artist hope their vision and voices will not be silenced again as
:12:15. > :12:18.they were for so long. They say there was a sense of powerlessness
:12:19. > :12:23.among women of Afghanistan before the Taliban were finally toppled. As
:12:24. > :12:35.reflected in paintings like this one, a meditation from beneath the
:12:36. > :12:40.burger. `` Burka. Women in the countryside still don't have the
:12:41. > :12:46.same chances. The biggest chance is better education. Places like this
:12:47. > :12:50.would have been unthinkable under the Taliban. It is a measure of how
:12:51. > :12:55.much life has changed in Kabul after the past 13 years. This new
:12:56. > :13:04.generation would be an willing to give up the advances they have made.
:13:05. > :13:09.To the seas of New Guinea where a search into climate change is
:13:10. > :13:14.showing omissions are not only causing global warming but are also
:13:15. > :13:18.making the seas more acidic. A report seen by the BBC suggests that
:13:19. > :13:24.the chemistry of the sea is changing so fast it could lead to mass
:13:25. > :13:33.extinction. Our reporter has visited the research site to find out more.
:13:34. > :13:36.Corel briefs. The most diverse natural systems in the seas. They
:13:37. > :13:43.are under threat from the weight we live. Omissions of carbon dioxide
:13:44. > :13:51.are unquestionably changing the chemistry of seawater, according to
:13:52. > :13:55.a UN report next week. We need to know how the oceans will react as
:13:56. > :14:01.more of the carbon dioxide dissolves into the seawater making it more
:14:02. > :14:05.acidic. That is what has brought us here to this remote spot off the tip
:14:06. > :14:14.of Papua New Guinea to see a unique site that offers a glimpse into the
:14:15. > :14:21.future of the sea. The sea bed is bubbling. The gas is pure carbon
:14:22. > :14:27.dioxide from volcanic rock. The bubbles turn the seawater locally or
:14:28. > :14:30.acidic. Part of the site shows the same level of acidity predicted for
:14:31. > :14:36.the world 's oceans later this century as mankind continues to omit
:14:37. > :14:43.Co2. It seems here that between a third and half of corals cannot
:14:44. > :14:48.survive. In Australia, a new ?20 million centre employs industrial
:14:49. > :14:55.technology to predict how Corel will react to higher Co2 and
:14:56. > :15:01.temperatures. We have got Corel and sponges from different PCs and what
:15:02. > :15:07.we are looking at is trying to tease apart the combined effects of ocean
:15:08. > :15:11.acidification. Sponges like this might thrive under high Co2 but
:15:12. > :15:22.other creatures are likely to be wiped out. This is a baby coral and
:15:23. > :15:26.very vulnerable to acidic situations. It is one example of
:15:27. > :15:31.many where scientists are finding more and more that the lot of marine
:15:32. > :15:39.species and ecosystems are likely to be highly affected. It is clear that
:15:40. > :15:46.the branching corals that shelter fish cannot cope with extra Co2.
:15:47. > :15:49.They are missing from the Reef. The scientists warn our emissions could
:15:50. > :15:58.make countless species of sea life extinct.
:15:59. > :16:01.It was the ultimate jackpot for the taxman. Last year during an
:16:02. > :16:06.inspection, German investigators found a priceless collection of
:16:07. > :16:13.thousands of pieces of art in the selling of the apartment of a art
:16:14. > :16:17.dealer in Munich. The stash of paintings included masterpieces by
:16:18. > :16:22.18, sedan and Picasso. Many were thought lost for ever. Some were
:16:23. > :16:27.believed looted by the Nazis. The BBC has had a chat to view the
:16:28. > :16:39.collection. In this secret vault is a treasure
:16:40. > :16:45.trove of pictures. Lost until now for more than half a century. Some
:16:46. > :16:49.of the artwork is not in good condition that we have excellent
:16:50. > :16:57.restorations. Bilirubin 2000 works of found crammed into the home of a
:16:58. > :17:07.man who was The Sun of a wartime art dealer. Among them, a portrait by
:17:08. > :17:11.Renoir. They have all been lost for decades until now. Some pictures
:17:12. > :17:26.were bought legitimately by the father but some had been looted from
:17:27. > :17:34.Jewish families. This 18 would fetch 5 million pounds at auction. It
:17:35. > :17:39.shows Waterloo Bridge in London, they did in 1903. We showed a
:17:40. > :17:51.photograph of it to one of the world leading art experts. He consulted
:17:52. > :17:58.the catalogue of all known Monets. Up until now, we only had knowledge
:17:59. > :18:08.of this painting. Now, with this photograph, it is wonderful. We have
:18:09. > :18:15.knowledge of the work in colour. The man hid the paintings in his house,
:18:16. > :18:22.Spidey 's `` spiders crawling over the masterpieces. Some of these
:18:23. > :18:28.treasures were stored for decades. Now the task is to find out how much
:18:29. > :18:35.of those works he legitimately owned and how much was looted from others.
:18:36. > :18:39.It is very difficult at this point to find the one`time owners of most
:18:40. > :18:43.of these pieces of art. The survivors were children at the
:18:44. > :18:48.time, how should they remember precisely what a pity looked like
:18:49. > :18:54.hanging in their living room 70 years ago? Womack these works are
:18:55. > :19:01.artistic treasures but a legal and moral nightmare.
:19:02. > :19:08.From stories of Nazi art to Nazi Germany. Most of us know the story
:19:09. > :19:13.of the great escape when 76 allied officers tunnelled their way out of
:19:14. > :19:17.a high security prisoner of war camp in Poland. This week saw the 70th
:19:18. > :19:20.anniversary of escape and ceremonies were held to remember the 50 men who
:19:21. > :19:39.were then killed either Gestapo. 50 photographs carried down the
:19:40. > :19:47.track by 50 of today's Army. 50 men who fought back from inside the wire
:19:48. > :19:52.and who paid the price. Under the blind, was covered foundations are
:19:53. > :19:59.all that remains of the camp which inspired Hollywood to tell its
:20:00. > :20:06.story. The story of an ambitious plan to tunnel out of what was
:20:07. > :20:18.billed as an escape was and allow a record number of airmen to head for
:20:19. > :20:23.home. You had 30 feet of sand above you what we were used to that is
:20:24. > :20:29.that it did not worry me. When the fall happened further up, I was
:20:30. > :20:38.lying on my trolley and I thought, what a way to go. The tunnel emerged
:20:39. > :20:44.just short of the treeline. 76 prisoners got through before the
:20:45. > :20:53.alarm was raised. Britain, Poland and the Commonwealth paid tribute to
:20:54. > :20:59.the prisoners courage and ingenuity. The subsequent executions are still
:21:00. > :21:03.a painful memory for those who laid their wreaths. And those who
:21:04. > :21:06.remember watching friends being taken away. The Gestapo appeared and
:21:07. > :21:13.they took away two or three, four or they took away two or three, four or
:21:14. > :21:21.five from different cells and so on. This was very ominous because they
:21:22. > :21:26.were not just taking you back to the. This is the exact location of
:21:27. > :21:31.the event that unfolded 70 years ago. The lion of the tunnel showing
:21:32. > :21:37.just how close it was to the nearest guard post. Today has been about
:21:38. > :21:43.remembering that story but it has also celebrated the spirit of those
:21:44. > :21:46.who never returned. That is all from Reporters. Goodbye
:21:47. > :22:12.for now. As was the case on Saturday, it
:22:13. > :22:15.looks as though Sunday it will deliver some warm sunshine fought
:22:16. > :22:18.some part of the British Isles. You can tell the way that I am hedging
:22:19. > :22:22.might remarks that not everybody will enjoy these conditions. It will
:22:23. > :22:26.be yet again the eastern side of Scotland, the north`east of England
:22:27. > :22:27.that may well have a