:00:00. > :00:00.Reporters. We explore Miami's backstreet osmotic surgery industry
:00:00. > :00:09.and the HIV orphans of Kenya missing out on life`saving drugs. ``
:00:10. > :00:24.cosmetic surgery. Hello and welcome to Reporters. From
:00:25. > :00:29.here, in the world's newsroom, we send our correspondence to bring you
:00:30. > :00:37.the best noise from around the globe. In this week's programme:
:00:38. > :00:45.Afghanistan's war widows. The women coping with life after the conflict.
:00:46. > :00:55.Caring for Kenya's HIV orphans. We meet the children missing out on
:00:56. > :01:03.life`saving AIDS drugs. If I was not taking this medicine, I would have
:01:04. > :01:07.already died. Miami's latest vice. Investigating the backstreet doctors
:01:08. > :01:13.selling young Americans fake bottom enhancements. My body started to
:01:14. > :01:18.deteriorate and my bottom started to look like that of an 80`year`old
:01:19. > :01:23.woman. The invasion of the jellyfish. An underwater fishing
:01:24. > :01:31.trip in Cornwall, where scientists have reported a record number of
:01:32. > :01:37.sightings. And a new television revolution. We report on the future
:01:38. > :01:42.of broadcasting, where you control what you watch. Behind the scenes,
:01:43. > :01:47.television is changing fast both in the way it is consumed and the way
:01:48. > :01:54.it is commissioned. After 13 years of conflict, foreign troops are
:01:55. > :01:57.leaving Afghanistan. But the war against the Taliban has left a
:01:58. > :02:01.lasting legacy for the country's women. Tens of thousands of Afghan
:02:02. > :02:05.soldiers lost their lives, many living wives and children behind. No
:02:06. > :02:09.one knows exactly how many war widows there are in Afghanistan.
:02:10. > :02:15.However, the UN estimates it could be as much as 2 million. Some have
:02:16. > :02:21.been telling their stories for the first time. This woman lives in the
:02:22. > :02:25.Afghan capital, Kabul. She makes $1 per day doing laundry and baking
:02:26. > :02:30.bread. Her life was not always like this. Her husband was a translator
:02:31. > :02:32.for the American army but he was shot dead by the Taliban seven years
:02:33. > :02:48.ago. Traditionally, Afghan widows would
:02:49. > :02:52.only married their husband's male relatives. Her in`laws disowned her
:02:53. > :02:54.when she refused to marry within the family. Without a husband, she
:02:55. > :03:19.struggles to support her children. Over 300 miles away in northern
:03:20. > :03:24.Afghanistan, this woman's husband was killed by a mine. It was a
:03:25. > :03:26.soldier in the Afghan army and died in 2010. She still has not told her
:03:27. > :03:58.children. Women like these do not often get
:03:59. > :04:02.the chance to tell their stories. Widows are seen as a bad omen here
:04:03. > :04:10.and they are subject to gossip and rumours. Her family does not approve
:04:11. > :04:14.of her speaking openly about her life, so she will not show her face
:04:15. > :04:17.to the camera. Even though she is now 26, she is not allowed outside
:04:18. > :04:41.of the house without her mother. International troops are leaving
:04:42. > :04:48.Afghanistan but the war is still part of daily life here. The women
:04:49. > :04:52.hope that as foreign troops leave, the world will remember the
:04:53. > :04:55.sacrifice made by their husbands and tens of thousands of other Afghan
:04:56. > :05:03.soldiers in the ongoing fight against the Taliban.
:05:04. > :05:07.The world of AIDS research is mourning the loss of six leading
:05:08. > :05:11.scientists, who were among the victims of flight MH17. They were on
:05:12. > :05:17.their way to a major conference in Australia. Despite their tragic
:05:18. > :05:20.loss, the conference comes at a time of optimism that one of the biggest
:05:21. > :05:25.killers of our time could be coming under control. Many more lives are
:05:26. > :05:28.being saved today through the use of antiretroviral drugs but some groups
:05:29. > :05:33.are still left behind, especially children. We went to a home that
:05:34. > :05:42.cares for HIV`positive children in Kenya. At six o'clock, twice every
:05:43. > :05:48.day, these children queue up to take a dose of life. They are all
:05:49. > :05:54.HIV`positive. The virus causes AIDS. 20 years ago, not many would have
:05:55. > :05:57.lived until this age. Because of the life`saving medication, these
:05:58. > :06:04.children can dream and hope for a future. John is not this boy's real
:06:05. > :06:09.name. He has developed resistance to all drugs available in Kenya, so he
:06:10. > :06:16.takes much stronger medication which has to be imported. Nine tablets in
:06:17. > :06:24.the morning and nine tablets in the evening. In one day, many tablets.
:06:25. > :06:32.If I was not taking this medicine, I would already have died. Sister Mary
:06:33. > :06:36.runs the home that takes in children as young as X weeks old. When it
:06:37. > :06:41.first opened, the home was more a hospice, burying up to three
:06:42. > :06:45.children every month. Today, this place is full of life. But a
:06:46. > :06:53.shortage of drugs made specifically for children often forces staff to
:06:54. > :06:57.break up adult children break up adult tablets to give to children.
:06:58. > :07:00.The issue is that in the developed world, there are so few babies born
:07:01. > :07:04.with HIV that pharmaceutical companies are not interested in
:07:05. > :07:10.making paediatric doses because they will not get the profit in the
:07:11. > :07:18.developing world. It is justice that the children should get drugs that
:07:19. > :07:21.are child friendly. The children here are just settling into their
:07:22. > :07:26.various houses for the evening. These are among the lucky few
:07:27. > :07:31.children living with HIV. Around the world, 75% of them do not have life
:07:32. > :07:35.prolonging medication. Here, even though they have those drugs, there
:07:36. > :07:39.are not enough paediatric medications for children, and so
:07:40. > :07:44.they have to make do with big, bitter and hard medicines and
:07:45. > :07:46.times. Given this challenge, the focus at the moment is to prevent
:07:47. > :07:54.infection in babies by their mothers. But in sub`Saharan African,
:07:55. > :07:57.where 90% of children with HIV live, conflict, low literacy levels and
:07:58. > :08:01.lack of access to healthcare make it unlikely this will happen. That is
:08:02. > :08:07.why homes like this will still play a vital role for many years to
:08:08. > :08:10.come. A growing number of women in the US
:08:11. > :08:14.are getting plastic surgery to enhance their behinds. But with the
:08:15. > :08:19.cost of surgery running into thousands of dollars, many of them
:08:20. > :08:23.are choosing cheap, backstreet besiegers, often with fatal results.
:08:24. > :08:30.Fake doctors are injecting anything from glue, plaster and tyre sealant
:08:31. > :08:34.into the bottoms of women. The FBI has told the BBC is a growing crime,
:08:35. > :08:41.but as we report from Miami, many women are ignoring the risks.
:08:42. > :08:44.Beautiful bodies line Miami's beaches. Sunbathers here might be
:08:45. > :08:46.comfortable with the way they look, but others, seeking a change in
:08:47. > :08:51.appearance, are also flocking to Miami, which has become a hot spot
:08:52. > :08:55.for backstreet cosmetic surgery. Here and across America, there has
:08:56. > :08:59.been a huge increase in the number of women getting plastic surgery to
:09:00. > :09:02.enhance their behinds. It costs up to $10,000 to get it done with a
:09:03. > :09:05.doctor properly, which is why a growing number of women are
:09:06. > :09:12.resorting to cheap and illegal injections.
:09:13. > :09:17.I saw the girls doing butt injections. I decided that if I
:09:18. > :09:24.could get a bit more butt, I would make more money.
:09:25. > :09:29.Natalie Johnson was an exotic dancer, who paid $1700 for fake
:09:30. > :09:33.enhancements. The fake doctor she used is now in jail for injecting as
:09:34. > :09:38.many as 30 women with superglue and tyre sealant. It is not clear what
:09:39. > :09:42.went into Natalie's body. The FBI says they are seeing more cases like
:09:43. > :09:45.this in what is becoming a growing crime across America.
:09:46. > :09:49.My body started to deteriorate and my butt started to look like an
:09:50. > :09:57.80`year`old woman's. I was getting lumps. My skin was tearing. The
:09:58. > :10:00.injections can also kill. 20`year`old Claudia Aderotimi from
:10:01. > :10:07.London died in 2011 after she travelled to America for them. She
:10:08. > :10:13.thought a bigger behind would help make it in the music industry. Here,
:10:14. > :10:17.she is dancing with padding. This is the sort of stuff backstreet
:10:18. > :10:23.doctors are injecting. And this is what it looks like after real
:10:24. > :10:28.surgeons cut it out. This is scar tissue.
:10:29. > :10:31.There are no figures on the number of botched procedures but this
:10:32. > :10:35.doctor alone says he receives more than 100 calls per week from women
:10:36. > :10:38.wanting corrective surgery. The American Society of Plastic Surgeons
:10:39. > :10:47.says these illegal injections are a growing health concern.
:10:48. > :10:51.What they do not realise is that they turn into a ticking timebomb in
:10:52. > :10:54.the bottom. In a matter of time, the body will create such a reaction
:10:55. > :10:59.that it will compromise their life as well as their health and they may
:11:00. > :11:02.end up significantly deformed. The majority of my patients all said
:11:03. > :11:06.they wished they had never injected it.
:11:07. > :11:09.Beyonce is one celebrity who is praised for her natural curves but a
:11:10. > :11:12.growing number of women wanting a similar look are putting their trust
:11:13. > :11:32.in fake doctors and ignoring the risks to their lives.
:11:33. > :11:37.Is Britain being invaded by jellyfish? More and more creatures
:11:38. > :11:44.are turning up and scientists are trying to find out why. They have
:11:45. > :11:45.been analysing the results. We have been to the beaches of Cornwall to
:11:46. > :11:53.investigate. We are heading out on a fishing trip
:11:54. > :12:00.with a difference. We are not after Bass, macro or place, we are after a
:12:01. > :12:03.barrel. We have spotted a large barrel jellyfish off the side of a
:12:04. > :12:08.boat. We are going to swim around with it, observe it. It is harmless,
:12:09. > :12:17.although it looks quite frightening, I must say. Not worry about me.
:12:18. > :12:24.Despite their size, there are more elusive than you might think. So we
:12:25. > :12:29.resumed the search, but this time we are in luck. This PCs is normally
:12:30. > :12:34.spotted further north in Wales or Scotland. But recently they have
:12:35. > :12:39.turned up in the south`west of England in huge numbers. We need to
:12:40. > :12:43.find out whether or not this is just a one off migration or whether they
:12:44. > :12:49.are becoming more abundant and widespread. Incredible to see an
:12:50. > :12:57.animal like that close`up. Absolutely extraordinary. Obviously
:12:58. > :13:02.not harmful. Looking close, it was like an alien cauliflower. You could
:13:03. > :13:07.see some fish swimming in sight. It was wonderful. There are one of
:13:08. > :13:12.eight species that have been observed in the biggest survey of
:13:13. > :13:18.jellyfish over 40 years. But last year was a record breaker and
:13:19. > :13:25.finding out why is imported. It is not so simple as warmer summers.
:13:26. > :13:28.Pollution can have an impact. Increases in jellyfish are being
:13:29. > :13:35.linked to overfishing. We cannot afford to ignore these increases.
:13:36. > :13:40.Jellyfish have wiped out salmon farms in Northern Ireland, close
:13:41. > :13:45.down power stations, in the Mediterranean they closed down
:13:46. > :13:52.tourist hotspots. The bathing waters are a hazard. We really need to
:13:53. > :13:58.understand what is going on. We cannot afford to ignore the economic
:13:59. > :14:02.consequences of increases. More jellyfish leads to more leatherback
:14:03. > :14:08.turtles feeding on them. This one is tangled in a boy rope and safely
:14:09. > :14:15.released by a fisherman. The data has been analysed to find patterns.
:14:16. > :14:21.To go out and conduct surveys that gives you this number of sightings,
:14:22. > :14:26.it is impossible financially and spatially. Having members of the
:14:27. > :14:30.public conducting these surveys is really good and really exciting. And
:14:31. > :14:36.looking out for jellyfish does not mean you have to like them. They are
:14:37. > :14:46.a strange creature. Nobody really likes them. Obviously when you are
:14:47. > :14:52.walking around. I like the colours. These ones are purple. I have simply
:14:53. > :14:58.ones as well. If you can avoid getting stung, there is no doubt of
:14:59. > :15:07.their alien beauty. It is hoped we will learn more about this
:15:08. > :15:12.mysterious creatures of the sea. TV is changing and fast. A
:15:13. > :15:17.revolutionary broadcasting is shaping the way we watch it. New
:15:18. > :15:23.online services are now offering TV on demand. So you are not on a
:15:24. > :15:36.schedule. We have been taking a look at the future world of TV.
:15:37. > :15:42.This is how TV used to work. ITV have moved the ATM to five o'clock.
:15:43. > :15:44.Quick, schedule an episode. TV schedules were planned with military
:15:45. > :15:52.care, commissioners would decide what we could watch, channel
:15:53. > :15:58.controllers when we got to watch it. But now, streaming services like
:15:59. > :16:01.Netflix and Amazon instant video allow viewers to be their own
:16:02. > :16:09.channel controllers. Behind the scenes, TV is changing. Both in the
:16:10. > :16:14.way it is concealment and the way it is being broadcast. I am at the
:16:15. > :16:21.centre of a revolution in how people are consuming entertainment. Content
:16:22. > :16:25.is still king of TV. That has not changed. House of cards would be
:16:26. > :16:30.landmark television in any age. But the is a new Chief Whip in town,
:16:31. > :16:38.driving us towards that content. He did not choose to be put on my plan.
:16:39. > :16:42.Leading this revolution is Netflix, based in California. The company
:16:43. > :16:46.started life renting out DVDs through the post. Now the streaming
:16:47. > :16:51.films and TV shows to 50 million customers in more than 40 countries.
:16:52. > :16:56.We were given rare access to the development team. We have a fume and
:16:57. > :17:01.it is. People are going to go and see, they have all this great
:17:02. > :17:07.content, but I do not know what to watch. If they are frozen with toys,
:17:08. > :17:11.they will be. This man is in charge of product innovation. He is putting
:17:12. > :17:16.positive spin on the challenge he faces. The problem is not people
:17:17. > :17:20.finding too much, not enough or anything. It is a challenge in the
:17:21. > :17:26.UK, where the Netflix catalogue is thinner. It is his job to make sure
:17:27. > :17:31.that every subscriber finds something
:17:32. > :17:35.80 minutes. When you have Internet TV, you basically have a direct
:17:36. > :17:44.relationship with the user. You do not throw something out into
:17:45. > :17:45.are watching. You literally know how much of the programme people watch,
:17:46. > :18:16.what time they watched velocity they go from one episode to
:18:17. > :18:20.the next. If it is a movie, did they watch the whole thing? It is not, of
:18:21. > :18:24.course, just Netflix that is changing the way TV is made. There
:18:25. > :18:30.are plenty of other companies. We are in Hollywood, where they are
:18:31. > :18:41.making generations of TV programmes. Nothing quite like this. `` they
:18:42. > :18:46.have been. This is transparent, a comedy family drama produced by
:18:47. > :18:47.Amazon instant video. The pilot was one of ten shows Amazon offer to its
:18:48. > :18:50.subscribers, who were then asked what they wanted to see more of.
:18:51. > :18:58.Transparent was cloud sourced commissioning. The
:18:59. > :18:59.creator has a string of writing credits,
:19:00. > :19:11.She says this way of creating TV is a big improvement.
:19:12. > :19:33.that you would normally see. Normally there would be 20
:19:34. > :19:49.ask the people who sold pilot paper if they would
:19:50. > :19:52.brands would want to align themselves with. There is a big
:19:53. > :19:57.change going on... But shows like transparent a different in another
:19:58. > :20:02.way as well. Dealing with the struggles of the transgender men
:20:03. > :20:09.coming out to as family is difficult, but it has permission to
:20:10. > :20:12.be hated as long as some people really love it. In the past,
:20:13. > :20:22.executives would pursue a mass audience. Today, that is useless.
:20:23. > :20:28.Nobody is going to demand that show. That show is going to go to zero.
:20:29. > :20:33.You have to look for a passionate audience that comes from an artist
:20:34. > :20:37.with a vision. And for someone like that, it is hard for me to tell them
:20:38. > :20:44.how to create a better expression of their vision. We are still in the
:20:45. > :20:50.very early days of this revolution. But it is clear where it is going.
:20:51. > :20:55.TV companies will gather and harness as much data as we are comfortable
:20:56. > :21:02.with in order to market content to us. Not this year, not next year,
:21:03. > :21:07.but generation of regeneration, society will get more comfortable
:21:08. > :21:11.with sharing more information. They will not have a choice, because that
:21:12. > :21:16.is where the world is going. As the world is going towards information
:21:17. > :21:25.is out there, it can be leveraged to make a better experience for people.
:21:26. > :21:30.Your TV is no longer an idiot box. It is getting smarter all the time.
:21:31. > :21:37.As ever with the tantalising temptations of the information age,
:21:38. > :21:39.there is an end to the bargain, revealing more information and
:21:40. > :21:49.supplying more data in return for the TV we want to watch.
:21:50. > :22:08.And that is it from Reporters for this week. Goodbye for now.
:22:09. > :22:16.We reached 30 degrees in some spots on Saturday. The message is, the
:22:17. > :22:17.cooler air will spread to the rest