:00:00. > :00:20.Now on BBC News, reporters -- Reporters.
:00:21. > :00:29.Welcome to Reporters. From here in the world's newsroom, we spend out
:00:30. > :00:33.correspondents to bring you the best stories from across the globe. This
:00:34. > :00:38.week, the new front in the so-called Islamic State's war of terror. We
:00:39. > :00:41.report from eastern Afghanistan, where the group has reportedly been
:00:42. > :00:47.building a new base for its attacks across the world. The Pentagon
:00:48. > :00:52.analysis is clear. It says ISIS is openly fighting the Taliban to
:00:53. > :00:57.create a safe haven in the mountains of the east of the country.
:00:58. > :01:04.Cracking Europe's human trafficking brings. We get exclusive access to a
:01:05. > :01:10.Spanish raid on a major people smuggling network. The investigation
:01:11. > :01:12.into this criminal network began the year and a half ago.
:01:13. > :01:18.South America's fight against the Zika virus. We meet the Brazilian
:01:19. > :01:23.scientist using the mosquitoes that spread the disease to try to stop
:01:24. > :01:26.it. Now they produce about 2 million male mosquitoes here every week and
:01:27. > :01:34.they are released into the general population to help fight against the
:01:35. > :01:39.viruses like Zika and dainty. -- the dainty virus.
:01:40. > :01:45.And a year in the life of a penguin, caught on camera. We joined
:01:46. > :01:47.researchers in the Antarctic as they track out the birds are adapting to
:01:48. > :01:57.climate change. The so-called Islamic State has
:01:58. > :02:03.claimed it as a new province of its caliphate. But this is not Syria or
:02:04. > :02:08.Iraq, it is Afghanistan. In recent months IS has captured territories
:02:09. > :02:11.on the eastern border with Pakistan. The Afghan president has
:02:12. > :02:17.called on the international community for help. But one year
:02:18. > :02:20.after the end of Nato's combat mission, the Afghan authorities are
:02:21. > :02:25.now struggling to cope with threats from both the Taliban and IS. Justin
:02:26. > :02:32.Roberts has been the eastern Afghanistan to find out more.
:02:33. > :02:39.Refugees put up rough shelters on a patch of wasteland outside the city
:02:40. > :02:44.of the other bad, Afghanistan. These are the victims of the so-called
:02:45. > :02:46.Taliban but of Islamic State. The Islamist militants have seized
:02:47. > :02:53.territory in a remote eastern province -- to promote eastern
:02:54. > :03:00.provinces of Afghanistan. The refugees tell stories of horrific
:03:01. > :03:07.violence. She says, IS, Daesh as they call it here, attacked her
:03:08. > :03:13.village. This girl says they took her house. I don't know where my
:03:14. > :03:21.father is, she tells us. This man's rubber was one of more than 100 men
:03:22. > :03:24.IS abducted from the village. -- brother. TRANSLATION: At first we
:03:25. > :03:28.had no idea what happened to him, but the three men were released.
:03:29. > :03:32.They said everyone was being held in a small room and IS was torturing
:03:33. > :03:39.and killing them. Then we heard about the video. He recognised his
:03:40. > :03:52.brother in an ISIS propaganda video. The video showed him being led, with
:03:53. > :03:57.nine other villages, to wear a row of bombs had been buried. Each man
:03:58. > :04:04.was forced to sit on a bomb. The bombs were then detonated. IS has
:04:05. > :04:10.struck within one hour of carpel. The police say it is only a matter
:04:11. > :04:16.of time before it attacks the Afghan capital. -- Kabul. And the threat is
:04:17. > :04:20.just here in Afghanistan. A Pentagon analysis says ISIS is openly
:04:21. > :04:26.fighting the Taliban to create a safe haven in the mountains in the
:04:27. > :04:35.east of the country, potentially a second stronghold from which to
:04:36. > :04:40.launch attacks across the world. So, how serious a threat is IS and
:04:41. > :04:44.Afghanistan? To answer that you need to leave Kabul. And IS commander has
:04:45. > :04:54.agreed to talk to an Afghan colleague. He needs a ragtag bunch
:04:55. > :04:56.of fighters. -- he meets. This man struggles to assemble his AK-47. But
:04:57. > :05:15.they talk the talk. TRANSLATION: You must fight to the
:05:16. > :05:20.bitter end. These are disaffected former Taliban who know -- now want
:05:21. > :05:24.to fight a global jihad under the black flag of IS. The commander says
:05:25. > :05:27.they are planning more attacks. TRANSLATION: At the moment we exist
:05:28. > :05:31.in three provinces but we only fight in one. In the others we are waiting
:05:32. > :05:38.for orders from our leader. Then we will fight. IS is reckoned to have
:05:39. > :05:46.hundreds, not thousands, of fighters. Not a huge force, but
:05:47. > :05:53.enough to bring mayhem and misery. The Afghan army has struck back
:05:54. > :05:58.against IS. It says IS has little support from locals because it's so
:05:59. > :06:01.barbaric. But the defence minister warns eliminating IS in Afghanistan
:06:02. > :06:11.will require an international response. The key question is from
:06:12. > :06:14.where they are getting the funding and how they are transferring these
:06:15. > :06:21.funds and how the movement of goods and everything else is happening.
:06:22. > :06:26.That is why Afghanistan alone cannot deal with all of these challenges,
:06:27. > :06:30.because it is coming from outside. It is pushed to us from outside.
:06:31. > :06:34.This isn't the first foreign terrorist organisation to try to
:06:35. > :06:39.establish a base in the mountains of eastern Afghanistan. The Tora Bora
:06:40. > :06:46.cave complexes in the province where IS now operates and Tora Bora is of
:06:47. > :06:57.course where Osama Bin Laden had his stronghold. Human trafficking gangs
:06:58. > :07:01.are now increasingly using UK airports as a gateway into Europe.
:07:02. > :07:05.That's according to Spanish police, who have given the BBC exclusive
:07:06. > :07:10.access to raids on one of the biggest people smuggling rings in
:07:11. > :07:14.Europe. The organised crime group from Nigeria has trafficked hundreds
:07:15. > :07:19.of women into prostitution. The group is still being investigated
:07:20. > :07:22.and, as all Aquarian reports from Barcelona, the BBC was asked to
:07:23. > :07:29.delay broadcasting this story to ensure the safety of the women
:07:30. > :07:34.getting out. -- Orla Guerin. Sunrise in Barcelona. The city of
:07:35. > :07:39.dreams. Standing proud with its rich heritage and architectural jewels.
:07:40. > :07:44.But after nightfall in the backstreets, a different scene. This
:07:45. > :07:52.is where undercover police have been monitoring trafficking ring and its
:07:53. > :07:57.victims. Watching every move. We joined the assault teams as they
:07:58. > :08:02.prepared to strike at locations in Barcelona and several cities nearby.
:08:03. > :08:10.Around 250 officers taking part in the biggest operation get against
:08:11. > :08:16.Nigerian crime bosses who call themselves 'the air lords'. Around
:08:17. > :08:25.8am they close in on an apartment block.
:08:26. > :08:39.In seconds ARN site, hunting for the targets on their list. -- they're
:08:40. > :08:44.inside. A find him still in bed. -- they find him. The police are in
:08:45. > :08:48.sight now questioning suspects. While they were carrying out the
:08:49. > :08:51.raid here, more than 20 other buildings were being hit
:08:52. > :08:54.simultaneously. This has been a long time in the planning. The
:08:55. > :08:59.investigation into this criminal network again year and a half ago.
:09:00. > :09:03.The lengthy buildup got results. Police detained the group's main
:09:04. > :09:10.leaders and gathered evidence of their lucrative slave trade. More
:09:11. > :09:16.than 80 women were freed. Some with young children. The gang charges its
:09:17. > :09:24.victims about ?28,000 to get to Spain. Then forces them into
:09:25. > :09:26.prostitution to pay off the debt. Police say those arrested are part
:09:27. > :09:31.of a sophisticated criminal enterprise that spans the globe,
:09:32. > :09:39.with representatives in cities in the Middle East, Africa, the US and
:09:40. > :09:45.EU. The head of the antitrafficking unit told us a key figure is based
:09:46. > :09:49.in London, ringing women into the UK on fake Nigerian passports. He said
:09:50. > :09:59.the gang is looking more and more to Britain as its gateway to Europe.
:10:00. > :10:04.One of the main new ways to enter victims is through the airports of
:10:05. > :10:12.Great Britain. It is a different system to trafficking people and it
:10:13. > :10:21.needs always forgeries and is more expensive, but is more secure. We
:10:22. > :10:24.have detected that this is growing. Here, in downtown Barcelona, the
:10:25. > :10:28.Nigerians are believed to have made millions from women working the
:10:29. > :10:35.streets in the shadows. They are kept in mind by threats to their
:10:36. > :10:39.families back home and buy physical abuse from those who act as
:10:40. > :10:43.enforcers. We met young one woman who was trafficked from Nigeria with
:10:44. > :10:50.her three-year-old daughter. She says she and her child were
:10:51. > :10:53.brutalised. TRANSLATION: I have scars all over my body. He hit my
:10:54. > :11:00.face and my eyes and beat me until blood came from eight years. One day
:11:01. > :11:04.when she came for the money I couldn't pay. She hit me on the head
:11:05. > :11:08.with a bottle. I child was hit many times. She promised to kill her.
:11:09. > :11:12.Police hope more women will be able to escape the streets here, now the
:11:13. > :11:17.Nigerian traffickers have been rounded up. But they say their
:11:18. > :11:19.barbaric trade in human beings will continue elsewhere, including
:11:20. > :11:29.Britain. Last week a public enquiry here in
:11:30. > :11:33.Britain found the Russian president Vladimir Putin was probably linked
:11:34. > :11:38.to the assassination of a former Russian spy in London. Now a BBC
:11:39. > :11:42.investigation has been looking at Vista Putin's private finances and
:11:43. > :11:49.hearing from those who say they have inside knowledge of his secret
:11:50. > :11:55.fortune. -- Mr Putin's. The US treasury has told Panorama that it
:11:56. > :11:58.considers Mr Putin to be corrupt. Vladimir Putin's secrets can be
:11:59. > :12:03.found below -- beyond Russia's borders. This man fled Russia after
:12:04. > :12:08.falling out with Kremlin insiders. He says he helped Putin collect
:12:09. > :12:12.money from Russia's super rich. They thought it was for the nation's
:12:13. > :12:18.healthcare. Were these oligarchs effectively just paying tribute to
:12:19. > :12:24.Vladimir Putin? TRANSLATION: I think this is exactly what they thought.
:12:25. > :12:29.He says some of the cash was diverted and ended up with Putin.
:12:30. > :12:37.This is a recording of him talking to a Kremlin insider. They are
:12:38. > :12:44.discussing $440 million of investment, belonging to Putin. They
:12:45. > :12:56.refer to him using a nickname, Mikail it on a beach. -- Ivanovic.
:12:57. > :13:06.Then buries Britain's most famous Russian. -- then there is. He
:13:07. > :13:14.allegedly gave booted a $35 million yacht like this one. -- Putin. Nice
:13:15. > :13:17.to meet you. This man told us he helped manage the yacht. He says it
:13:18. > :13:23.was transferred to an offshore company, but the real owner was
:13:24. > :13:28.President Putin. This yacht was maintained and paid for from the
:13:29. > :13:33.state budget. Why would it be kept secret? Because it belongs
:13:34. > :13:39.personally to Putin, not to the state. We asked him about the yacht,
:13:40. > :13:45.but his lawyers dismissed claims about him as speculation and
:13:46. > :13:50.rumours. The US treasury has gone public with its view. The Russian
:13:51. > :13:55.leader is corrupt. He supposedly draws a state salary of something
:13:56. > :14:01.like $110,000 a year. That's not an accurate statement of a man's well.
:14:02. > :14:06.And he has warned time training and practices, in terms of how to mask
:14:07. > :14:13.his actual wealth. Is Vladimir Putin corrupt? In our view, yes. President
:14:14. > :14:17.Putin denies all the allegations of corruption. His spokesman said the
:14:18. > :14:21.issues we had raised were pure fiction. But one of the world's most
:14:22. > :14:24.powerful men already linked to murder is accused of corruption on
:14:25. > :14:35.an extraordinary scale. It has been blamed for thousands of
:14:36. > :14:43.birth defects in Brazil and is likely to spread through America,
:14:44. > :14:46.including the US. The Zika virus has no vaccine. It is spread by
:14:47. > :14:54.mosquitoes and targets pregnant women. It is thought to cause
:14:55. > :14:58.microcephaly, leading to abnormally small head in infants. There have
:14:59. > :15:01.been more than 4000 suspected cases since the start of the year. --
:15:02. > :15:07.heads. We have met the scientist in Rio who are using genetically
:15:08. > :15:12.engineered mosquitoes to stop the spread. Releasing hundreds of
:15:13. > :15:17.thousands of fertile mosquitoes into the suburbs of Brazil's against city
:15:18. > :15:23.in the middle of a mosquito driven health crisis. It might seem
:15:24. > :15:31.perverse, but these are genetically modified mosquitoes, these beasties
:15:32. > :15:35.responsible for the Zika virus and dengue fever. They will pass on the
:15:36. > :15:45.self-limiting gene when they make. The offspring will die before they
:15:46. > :15:51.become adults. -- mate. That stops disease transmission. They will
:15:52. > :16:00.die. We have freshly hatched eggs here. This British owned lab says it
:16:01. > :16:07.has reduced 90% of the mosquitoes in some areas. Said on a smelly mixture
:16:08. > :16:16.of fish food and she'd blood, it is in overdrive. -- sheep. All of these
:16:17. > :16:20.mosquitoes are developed from the first eggs brought over from Oxford
:16:21. > :16:27.in 2002. Now be produced 2 million here every week and they are
:16:28. > :16:35.released into the general population to stop viruses. -- they produce.
:16:36. > :16:41.Zika is suspected of spreading microcephaly in Brazil. The
:16:42. > :16:46.government has announced help for poorer families, but the wider
:16:47. > :16:55.financial and social impact could. At Sao Paulo's world-renowned
:16:56. > :16:59.institute, they are looking at pharmaceuticals and finding a
:17:00. > :17:06.vaccine for the Zika virus and are starting from scratch. We need to
:17:07. > :17:14.establish the link between the virus and Microsoft Ali, for example. But
:17:15. > :17:22.we have the hypothesis that it is true. -- microcephaly. But we need
:17:23. > :17:28.to demonstrate it to guide us for the best vaccine. Trying to keep
:17:29. > :17:37.calm in the final weeks of pregnancy is not easy for expect and mothers
:17:38. > :17:42.in Brazil. -- expectant. At the beginning we were very worried. My
:17:43. > :17:47.husband would put repellent on me every day. I got used to it. It
:17:48. > :17:50.could take ten years to develop a vaccine. There is so much
:17:51. > :17:58.uncertainty about the illness. It is a time of real anxiety for many
:17:59. > :18:03.Brazilians residence in California who say they are being made six idea
:18:04. > :18:08.stench and fumes of a natural gas leak in a storage facility are
:18:09. > :18:21.calling for it to be shut down. -- residents. -- made sick by a.
:18:22. > :18:26.Thousands of people have been forced to leave their homes. Error Brockers
:18:27. > :18:32.it is now helping them, saying that failing infrastructure are to blame.
:18:33. > :18:40.-- Erin Brokovich. I want to be in my home. Jelly is angry. Her target
:18:41. > :18:45.is the man on the left, an executive from a gas company. -- Kelly. A
:18:46. > :18:52.company trying to stop a disastrous gas leak. Shut down this decrepit
:18:53. > :18:59.archaic facility so that all us families can go back to our lives!
:19:00. > :19:02.Save the ranch! This is what the ranch looks like the state. More
:19:03. > :19:08.than 10,000 people have left, blaming the invisible gas rolling
:19:09. > :19:14.down the hills fought nosebleeds and breathing problems. -- these days.
:19:15. > :19:18.Until October, this person worked from home in this recording studio
:19:19. > :19:25.one mile from the leak. Not any more. Business has come to a
:19:26. > :19:32.standstill. I can only work when the air is clear. I can only do that now
:19:33. > :19:41.and then. But most times it is unbearable. Now, Erin Brokovich,
:19:42. > :19:44.famous through a Hollywood film, has taken up the case. She says this is
:19:45. > :19:54.America's worst environmental disaster since the BP oil spill in
:19:55. > :19:59.Mexico in 2010. This is a BP oil spill in Mexico in 2010 on land.
:20:00. > :20:04.They are corroded, dilapidated, in need of repair and replacement and
:20:05. > :20:08.the need to be shut down. We have this issue all over the United
:20:09. > :20:14.States. The gas can only be seen with an infrared camera. But the
:20:15. > :20:21.roar from the league can be heard half a mile away. -- leak. It is
:20:22. > :20:26.just up in the hills. It is swirling in the wind and you can occasionally
:20:27. > :20:32.smell fumes in the air. But people say it has been much worse than
:20:33. > :20:39.this. And all this from just one well. There are 115 on this huge
:20:40. > :20:47.site. People who live here want it shut down. We could have shortages
:20:48. > :20:49.of natural gas, blackouts, for electricity, that is not something
:20:50. > :20:57.that we want to happen to the Los Angeles area. They are using this
:20:58. > :21:02.aeroplane to analyse the extent. But, they have to stay far away so
:21:03. > :21:06.that they do not risk sparking an explosion. This is a community
:21:07. > :21:11.living in fear. BBC News, California. Scientists in the
:21:12. > :21:14.Antarctic have been working on a groundbreaking project to capture
:21:15. > :21:23.the life of a colony of England's on camera. -- penguins. They are using
:21:24. > :21:29.remote cameras to find out the impacts of climate change on then.
:21:30. > :21:36.We have had exclusive access to research. -- them. Her report
:21:37. > :21:43.contains flashing images. GUITAR MUSIC. I am in Antarctica following
:21:44. > :21:52.a team of scientists who are setting up remote cameras in penguin
:21:53. > :21:59.colonies here. I and Tom, a scientist at Oxford University. --
:22:00. > :22:06.am. We probably have 40 spread out. The bottomline, that takes photos
:22:07. > :22:10.all year round, every hour. -- bottom one. The whole reason we are
:22:11. > :22:16.here is to monitor penguins on a vast level. If we have a constant
:22:17. > :22:25.presence in all these colonies we can look at how many chicks
:22:26. > :22:29.survived. It is like CCTV. Seeing what happens in winter is something
:22:30. > :22:33.you would never get to see. The partnership with tourism is really
:22:34. > :22:39.important, isn't it quite elegant is vital. We would never have the
:22:40. > :22:46.access without them. Tourism is a potential thing we want to monitor.
:22:47. > :22:50.So, we measure it. Where we have looked, actually, there seems to be
:22:51. > :22:55.very little impact of tourism. We have a close partnership. They
:22:56. > :23:02.dropped us off where we want to go. In return, we educate their tourist
:23:03. > :23:12.about conservation. Mostly it is to conserve penguins. Before we go
:23:13. > :23:23.ashore, we wash our boots. We won't be taking anything into the
:23:24. > :23:31.Antarctic. This is a Zodiac, a fast, rock the boat. We use them to get
:23:32. > :23:36.around. They are fantastic. -- rubber. They are fast and they don't
:23:37. > :23:40.break when they hit the rocks. They are wonderful. I work as an
:23:41. > :23:46.expedition leader. It is incredible to see how everyone is deeply
:23:47. > :23:50.affected by Antarctica. One of the things we love about working with
:23:51. > :23:55.the production of scientific knowledge is that we give people the
:23:56. > :24:02.kind of emotional attachment to the place and they provide the ground
:24:03. > :24:09.work and relevance for people to put him that energy, you know? And then,
:24:10. > :24:19.it leads to bigger picture questions about humanity and the planet.
:24:20. > :24:24.PENGUIN NOISES. This is the last camera? I would say yes, for this
:24:25. > :24:31.year, for this camera, anyway. Now, it is just turn it on and fingers
:24:32. > :24:36.crossed. You will be back next year. Victoria hill, BBC News. And that is
:24:37. > :24:38.all from reporters for this week. -- Hill. Remy, Phillipa Thomas,
:24:39. > :25:02.goodbye. -- Reporters. -- From me.