:00:00. > :00:00.More than 30 people have been injured -
:00:00. > :00:00.a number of those are believed to be Irish citizens.
:00:00. > :00:20.Now on BBC News it's time for Reporters.
:00:21. > :00:26.From here in the World Newsroom, we send out correspondents to bring
:00:27. > :00:28.you the best stories from across the globe.
:00:29. > :00:30.In this week's programme, on the front line in the war
:00:31. > :00:38.Alastair Leithead joins the rangers in central Africa,
:00:39. > :00:40.fighting to save the elephants from the ivory traffickers.
:00:41. > :00:47.30,000 to 40,000 elephants are being killed in Africa every
:00:48. > :00:50.year, and with only around 400,000 left It's not going to be long,
:00:51. > :00:58.year, and with only around 400,000 left, it's not going to be long,
:00:59. > :01:02.As Saudi Arabia stages what it says is the largest ever military
:01:03. > :01:04.exercise in the region, Frank Gardner is given rare access
:01:05. > :01:08.This airbase in northern Saudi Arabia is currently playing
:01:09. > :01:11.host to a whole variety of war planes from different Muslim
:01:12. > :01:13.nations, and it's the first test of the Saudi-led Islamic coalition.
:01:14. > :01:15.The Iron Lady of Germany's metal is tested.
:01:16. > :01:19.Katya Adler assesses what major losses to the right wing in regional
:01:20. > :01:20.elections means for Chancellor Merkel's open-door
:01:21. > :01:26.This was more stark warning than boot out the door for Angela
:01:27. > :01:32.She still enjoys popularity ratings at home other European leaders
:01:33. > :01:37.And man versus machine - as a champion player is beaten
:01:38. > :01:40.by a computer, Rory Cellan-Jones asks how concerned we should be
:01:41. > :01:42.about the future of artificial intelligence.
:01:43. > :01:45.This is not about the rise of machines - it is about
:01:46. > :01:51.It's a deadly trade that thrives on Asia's insatiable
:01:52. > :01:58.Every year, 30,000 to 40,000 African elephants are killed
:01:59. > :02:04.for their tusks, and now fewer than half a million are left.
:02:05. > :02:08.Rangers are now virtually fighting a war against the traffickers.
:02:09. > :02:10.The situation is worst in a number of African countries,
:02:11. > :02:14.with the Democratic Republic of Congo amongst the most dangerous.
:02:15. > :02:17.Alastair Leithead joined Rangers in the country's
:02:18. > :02:19.Garamba National Park, on the front line in the battle
:02:20. > :02:28.It's tough terrain in Garamba National Park,
:02:29. > :02:35.where less than 100 Rangers are trying to protect the last
:02:36. > :02:41.of the elephants, across thousands of square miles of grassland.
:02:42. > :02:43.We joined one of their foot patrols, to a place
:02:44. > :02:51.The grass is so high the only way to see a carcass is from the air,
:02:52. > :03:02.Well, this elephant was clearly killed by a poacher.
:03:03. > :03:14.There are another four of these carcasses spread all around
:03:15. > :03:24.They arrived too late to catch the poachers,
:03:25. > :03:27.30,000 to 40,000 elephants are being killed in Africa,
:03:28. > :03:31.and with only around 400,000 left, it's not going to be long at this
:03:32. > :03:35.And with so few boots on the ground, those responsible often get
:03:36. > :03:39.away with the ivory.
:03:40. > :03:41.We followed their footprints, one of the rangers told me,
:03:42. > :03:44.There are perhaps 1300 elephants left here.
:03:45. > :03:50.Garamba was one of Africa's first national parks,
:03:51. > :03:53.and a World Heritage site, originally set up to protect
:03:54. > :03:55.the northern white rhino, but that has already been wiped
:03:56. > :04:03.Now they are fighting to save the elephants that are left,
:04:04. > :04:08.in a place surrounded by civil war and heavily armed militia.
:04:09. > :04:17.And that's why African Parks, the group managing Garamba,
:04:18. > :04:39.This ranger explained how dangerous the work is.
:04:40. > :04:41.His patrol was ambushed by 40 men, probably from Sudan,
:04:42. > :04:53.Training rangers takes a lot of time and money,
:04:54. > :04:56.and the men they are up against are hardened fighters.
:04:57. > :04:59.You must just feel like you're fighting a war against poachers?
:05:00. > :05:01.I think Garamba is probably the forefront of conservation
:05:02. > :05:09.I just don't think there are many other places which have quite
:05:10. > :05:14.so many threats to one park as we have here.
:05:15. > :05:18.This local man was arrested after a tip-off, and ivory recovered.
:05:19. > :05:25.By the time it reaches the market in Asia, it goes for at least ?750.
:05:26. > :05:29.Then reports came in of another attack.
:05:30. > :05:34.And there are the carcasses, just down there by the river.
:05:35. > :05:38.Five of them, one of them a baby, and six we have just spotted
:05:39. > :05:45.a little bit further up the river there.
:05:46. > :05:49.It is hard to make out from here, but you can see that their faces
:05:50. > :05:52.have been cut off and the tusks have been taken.
:05:53. > :05:54.They need hundreds more rangers to protect Garamba.
:05:55. > :05:56.On the front line of the poaching war, the elephants
:05:57. > :06:00.Alastair Leithead, BBC News, in the democratic public of Congo.
:06:01. > :06:02.Alastair Leithead, BBC News, in the Democratic Republic of Congo.
:06:03. > :06:05.Saudi Arabia has been accused of not doing enough to help the US confront
:06:06. > :06:07.Islamic terrorism in the Middle East.
:06:08. > :06:10.But the kingdom has been staging what it says is the largest ever
:06:11. > :06:13.20 Islamic countries have been taking part, with thousands
:06:14. > :06:16.of troops, tanks and warplanes deployed in the Saudi desert.
:06:17. > :06:21.Saudi Arabia says it is currently facing two threats.
:06:22. > :06:24.From the so-called Islamic State in the north, and from Yemeni
:06:25. > :06:29.rebels to the south, reportedly backed by Iran.
:06:30. > :06:31.Frank Gardner has secured rare access to the Saudi air force's
:06:32. > :06:33.operation centre, and this is his exclusive report.
:06:34. > :06:39.Saudi special forces on a desert exercise close to the Iraqi border.
:06:40. > :06:41.It is called Northern Thunder, and brings together forces from 20
:06:42. > :06:51.It is part of a new assertive Saudi policy in the region,
:06:52. > :06:53.but can Saudi Arabia fight two campaigns in two countries
:06:54. > :07:04.I know it is exhausting in terms of resources and people.
:07:05. > :07:14.Today we face challenges in the South and our force is stretched in
:07:15. > :07:21.the north, deployed since 2014. This is why. We feel our national
:07:22. > :07:25.security is in danger. Saudi air force jets, like this F-15, have
:07:26. > :07:30.been carrying out strikes in both Yemen and Syria, supported by their
:07:31. > :07:34.allies like Jordan and Bahrain, but they have also sent warplanes to
:07:35. > :07:39.this exercise. This base in northern Saudi Arabia is currently playing
:07:40. > :07:42.host to a whole variety of warplanes from different Muslim nations, and
:07:43. > :07:48.it is the first test of the Saudi led Islamic coalition set up last
:07:49. > :07:51.year. The Saudis help us it has two names, to confront terrorism and
:07:52. > :08:02.combat what they see as the reigning expansionism in the Middle East. --
:08:03. > :08:05.Iranian expansion. Civilians have also been killed in Yemen, drawing
:08:06. > :08:10.international criticism. What would you say the international human
:08:11. > :08:14.right groups like Medecins Sans Frontieres who say that civilians
:08:15. > :08:19.are being killed in large numbers in Yemen? We regret this general
:08:20. > :08:30.statement which, let's say, deceased audience. Because... The hospitals
:08:31. > :08:34.have been hit three times? Today, as I will tell all the friends of the
:08:35. > :08:39.media, there is no single accident that has happened without
:08:40. > :08:44.investigation. We investigate when there is a result, and we publish
:08:45. > :08:51.this result. We make sure we have very clear intelligence. We use very
:08:52. > :08:56.precise methods. One of them is one the UK sent to us. Why do we use
:08:57. > :09:00.very expensive weapons in such operations? To make sure we have a
:09:01. > :09:07.surgical operation, that we hit the target without collateral damage. We
:09:08. > :09:13.record every single -- regret any single injury, but this is a war.
:09:14. > :09:16.Stunned by growing international opposition to the air strikes in
:09:17. > :09:19.Yemen, the Saudis agree to show me their operation centre, where they
:09:20. > :09:24.select their targets. This is what they term the no strike list,
:09:25. > :09:30.buildings they say are off-limits. Of all the pictures you see on the
:09:31. > :09:33.map, they represent the theatre of operation, and if we go to a smaller
:09:34. > :09:38.picture that will give the restrictions for those targets,
:09:39. > :09:43.which go along with the armed conflict, like the medical services,
:09:44. > :09:51.certain places, schools, diplomatic quarters... Saudi Arabia denies its
:09:52. > :09:55.warplanes have ever deliberately targeted civilians thought it admits
:09:56. > :09:59.there have been mistakes. The manoeuvres and at a wider strategic
:10:00. > :10:03.interest than Yemen a loan. The Saudi government want to send a
:10:04. > :10:07.message to the region that it has the money and the muscle to read on
:10:08. > :10:13.Islamic coalition against what it sees as threats on many fronts --
:10:14. > :10:17.Yemen alone. Frank Gardner, BBC News, in the northern Saudi desert.
:10:18. > :10:20.After the closure of the Greek border with Macedonia last week,
:10:21. > :10:25.migrants are finding other routes into Europe. The EU naval force
:10:26. > :10:28.targeting smuggling gangs in the Mediterranean says there has been a
:10:29. > :10:34.sudden increase in the number of boats trying to cross from Libya to
:10:35. > :10:41.Italy. Gavin Lee joined one of the European ships hunting for migrants
:10:42. > :10:46.off the Libyan coast. The daily routine in the battle against
:10:47. > :10:52.migrant smugglers. This is an Italian aircraft carrier commanding
:10:53. > :10:57.a fleet of five EU warships, in international waters, off the Libyan
:10:58. > :11:01.coast. Every day, helicopters searched the skies, reporting signs
:11:02. > :11:05.of suspicious activity. The ships have a mandate to seize and destroy
:11:06. > :11:09.in the migrant boats, but the presence of these patrols has turned
:11:10. > :11:15.the operation into a huge search and rescue mission. In the last hours we
:11:16. > :11:20.receive information about the report of a craft, around three migrant
:11:21. > :11:26.boats, seem just outside the waters of Libya. Within minutes of the
:11:27. > :11:30.boats being spotted, we join the emergency response team searching
:11:31. > :11:33.for them. The smuggling business has become routine now. A clear sky and
:11:34. > :11:39.a calm sea mean the perfect conditions for this perilous
:11:40. > :11:42.journey. We are 40 nautical miles from the Libyan coast and this is
:11:43. > :11:47.the daily reality for the patrol teams in the sea. Down below, there
:11:48. > :11:52.is a migrant boat with around 100 people on board. It is just being
:11:53. > :11:55.rescued by the British HMS Enterprise and people are now being
:11:56. > :11:59.processed on the ship. You can see quite clearly they are claiming the
:12:00. > :12:02.ladder as they are being rescued, but I am told there are still
:12:03. > :12:10.another four migrant boats waiting to be rescued. We flew on the D-mac
:12:11. > :12:15.miles from the British ship and spotted this... A boat full of
:12:16. > :12:21.people desperate for help, with no life children crouched at the front,
:12:22. > :12:27.floating in this vastly -- we flew a few miles. Within an hour, HMS
:12:28. > :12:32.Enterprise representatives managed to get to the stranded boat. Eight
:12:33. > :12:36.migrant boats were picked up today, 900 people were rescued. The highest
:12:37. > :12:40.in a single day so far this year. But there is growing criticism that
:12:41. > :12:46.these EU ships have become a magnet, with smugglers now directing migrant
:12:47. > :12:51.straight towards them. We have to think about, what if we were not
:12:52. > :12:57.here? Patrolling, creating deterrence and able to support those
:12:58. > :13:03.in danger. I am afraid that a good percentage of the migrants we have
:13:04. > :13:09.saved maybe will not be -- would not be a live any more if we were not
:13:10. > :13:13.there to rescue them. -- alive any more. Senior commanders say migrants
:13:14. > :13:18.are in Libyan safe houses waiting to cross as the weather improves, and
:13:19. > :13:22.Navy officials here claim the recent closure of the border at Greece and
:13:23. > :13:28.Macedonia will lead to more people choosing this far more dangerous
:13:29. > :13:36.route by sea in the days to come. Gavin Lee, BBC News, off the coast
:13:37. > :13:40.of Libya. Whether migrants manage to reach Europe by the Italian coast,
:13:41. > :13:44.through Turkey or Greece, many will still be heading for Germany. The
:13:45. > :13:47.German Chancellor Angela Merkel has insisted she will not change her
:13:48. > :13:52.policy on allowing significant numbers of migrants into the
:13:53. > :13:58.country. Despite her party's losses in regional elections. The anti
:13:59. > :14:02.immigration party alternative for Germany won its first seat in the
:14:03. > :14:05.states that voted last week and Katya Adler now assesses what this
:14:06. > :14:14.means for Mrs Merkel's open-door policy on migrants. Iron Angie is
:14:15. > :14:18.one of the German Chancellor's nicknames. The migrant crisis has
:14:19. > :14:23.shown her metal like never before. Where there is a will, there is a
:14:24. > :14:27.way, she has insisted. She needs her will and her way. No border
:14:28. > :14:33.closures, no refugee limits for Germany. A policy she is sticking
:14:34. > :14:36.to, despite rising public pressure. I believe the approach is right, she
:14:37. > :14:42.said in Berlin, though she admitted... TRANSLATION: The
:14:43. > :14:45.dominating topic in the vote was refugees and the refugee policy and
:14:46. > :14:51.the fact that people believe this issue has not yet been solved
:14:52. > :14:55.satisfactorily. But be careful about reading too much into these regional
:14:56. > :14:59.elections. Despite some of the doom laden headlines you're probably
:15:00. > :15:04.coming across, this was more stark warning than boot out of the door
:15:05. > :15:10.for Angela Merkel. She still enjoys popularity ratings at home other
:15:11. > :15:14.European leaders would dream of. Many of her countrymen believe she
:15:15. > :15:17.is out of touch with fast changing events here. The arrival of a
:15:18. > :15:24.million asylum seekers in Germany and the effect that is having on
:15:25. > :15:28.their lives. Enter the right-wing populist AFD party which plays on
:15:29. > :15:34.popular fears of refugees. This is one of its campaign posters,
:15:35. > :15:37.demanding better for German wives and daughters, a reference to the
:15:38. > :15:43.attacks here linked to migrants. The party secured a seat in all three
:15:44. > :15:48.state parliaments, the best result of any German right-wing populist
:15:49. > :15:53.party since 1945. Considering World War II sensitivities here, it has
:15:54. > :15:57.lead to a major storm. The public face of the AFD was on the
:15:58. > :16:03.defensive. She told me the migration crisis was not caused by her party.
:16:04. > :16:07.They were offering solutions. One idea of yours that made the
:16:08. > :16:11.headlines all over Europe was the idea of the German Army pointing
:16:12. > :16:16.their weapons at migrants on the border of Germany? Which again would
:16:17. > :16:19.be helpful. It would be helped to read the original interview. I never
:16:20. > :16:25.said that I see the German legislation which is a very last
:16:26. > :16:29.resort makes it possible to use weapons. I never said against
:16:30. > :16:36.people, I said to use weapons if there is no other way. The AFD is
:16:37. > :16:41.making a lot of noise in Germany at the moment. But this is especially
:16:42. > :16:44.because yesterday's regional vote is seen as significant a head of a
:16:45. > :16:51.German General Election next year. Can Angela Merkel afford regional
:16:52. > :16:57.upsets in the long run? This is a blip, in my opinion. She the fleet
:16:58. > :17:07.appears weakened, but she is not damaged beyond -- obviously appears
:17:08. > :17:11.weakened. She is canny and knows Germans appreciating the nudity and
:17:12. > :17:17.stability. She will keep pushing migrant politics her way in Europe
:17:18. > :17:20.and hope for the best. Katya Adler, BBC News, Berlin. Donald Trump had a
:17:21. > :17:25.much better week than Angela Merkel with big wins in the race for the
:17:26. > :17:28.White House. During the campaign, the Republican presidential
:17:29. > :17:31.frontrunner's comments against Muslims and immigrants may have
:17:32. > :17:37.offended many, but did you know his own mother was a migrant from Lewis
:17:38. > :17:40.in Scotland? Steven Smith has been to the Scottish isle to see what
:17:41. > :17:53.locals there make of their distant American relative. FATHER TED THEME.
:17:54. > :17:58.Richard peat and DeLaet heritage, and totally charming. No wonder
:17:59. > :18:05.Donald Trump likes to boast of his links to Lewis. His mother came from
:18:06. > :18:08.here -- rich in peat and its Gaelic heritage. How have the values of
:18:09. > :18:15.these hard-working and plain speaking folk shaped the billionaire
:18:16. > :18:20.developer? They are not ones for fun fearing themselves here. I am really
:18:21. > :18:30.rich, I should say that. Your position in life, you are treated as
:18:31. > :18:40.an equal. We want with poorly educated, I love the poorly
:18:41. > :18:45.educated! The tycoon visited his mother's old home back in 2008,
:18:46. > :18:53.spending as much as a minute and a half inside the pedal dashed croft
:18:54. > :19:03.house. All in all, he clocked up almost three hours on the peaty
:19:04. > :19:07.Lewis salt. Sign in all its like the women come back and the main goat to
:19:08. > :19:11.make a buck, and it is very tough to find the time to come back, but this
:19:12. > :19:18.just seems like an appropriate time. I wanted to see it.
:19:19. > :19:24.# I don't mind the politicians, I don't mind the rain... Putting the
:19:25. > :19:28.folk into focus groups, the sponge in Stornoway were among the few
:19:29. > :19:34.willing to share their thoughts about Mr Trump. He does not behave
:19:35. > :19:39.as people up here would behave. He is extremely full of himself which
:19:40. > :19:43.people here are not. They are quite modest, really. Do you know anything
:19:44. > :19:50.about the family? What are they like? They do not play on it? Not at
:19:51. > :19:56.all. They are just normal people. The qualities I would hope they
:19:57. > :19:59.would take from these islands are the qualities of kindness, being
:20:00. > :20:10.accepting of others regardless of their religious beliefs, regardless
:20:11. > :20:15.of what country they are from. Donald Trump is a chip off the old
:20:16. > :20:20.block. He can trace his ancestry to these ancient standing stones. He is
:20:21. > :20:24.from Lewis, to a point, but it would be stretching things to say that he
:20:25. > :20:29.is of Lewis. But just as we were leaving, saying... Pot of gold,
:20:30. > :20:36.attended by mystery and folklore. Who does that remind me of? Finally,
:20:37. > :20:40.it was seen as the ultimate battle between man and machine and it seems
:20:41. > :20:45.the machine won, this time anyway. A computer programme designed by
:20:46. > :20:52.Google comprehensively beat a human champion of the ancient Chinese game
:20:53. > :20:56.of Go. Winning the match by four games to one. As Rory Selin Jones
:20:57. > :21:04.explained, this raises new questions about the power of artificial
:21:05. > :21:10.intelligence over human beings -- Cellan-Jones. An epic contest
:21:11. > :21:12.between man and machine, against an artificial intelligence programme
:21:13. > :21:17.that teaches itself to play ever better. At the end of the final
:21:18. > :21:25.game, his face told the story. Although he had fought hard and even
:21:26. > :21:29.won once, the machine, Alpha Go, came out on top. No triumphalism
:21:30. > :21:33.from the designer behind it but instead a note of caution. As with
:21:34. > :21:37.all powerful technologies, they bring opportunities and challenges,
:21:38. > :21:44.and we have to make sure that as developers of these kind of systems,
:21:45. > :21:52.all AI developers around the world, we think about the ethics. It is are
:21:53. > :21:55.defending lots of practical uses. Better voice recognition software is
:21:56. > :22:01.one. Cambridge is one of the world's leading centres in the development
:22:02. > :22:04.of artificial intelligence. At Microsoft's Cambridge research lab,
:22:05. > :22:11.you might think this was downtime. In fact it is serious AI research.
:22:12. > :22:15.Scientists here are using this game to test how AI programmes operate in
:22:16. > :22:19.a complex virtual worlds. The idea is to teach the AI how to interact
:22:20. > :22:24.with people and objects. The programme is all about augmenting
:22:25. > :22:28.the skills... Another example, a system using AI to examine scans of
:22:29. > :22:32.brain jewellers, and give doctors more information. The researchers
:22:33. > :22:38.here insist it is all about collaboration, not competition --
:22:39. > :22:41.brain tumours. I think we have a choice. We are in control of the
:22:42. > :22:44.technology and can choose different futures. I think we should avoid
:22:45. > :22:48.that dystopian future of machines versus humans but I think we should
:22:49. > :22:52.make a conscious decision to create AI at the deep partnership between
:22:53. > :22:55.humans and machines for the betterment of humanity. This is not
:22:56. > :22:59.about the rise of machines. It is about the rise of humans. One of
:23:00. > :23:04.Britain's leading scientists says the sheer pace of change means we do
:23:05. > :23:07.need a debate. There is a balance between science and science fiction
:23:08. > :23:11.and we do not know quite where that lies but certainly some people are
:23:12. > :23:15.raising concerns that a computer, as it were, might call Roker, and if we
:23:16. > :23:19.have the Internet of things, the computer could act with the real
:23:20. > :23:23.world by bypassing human agency and obviously if that happened that
:23:24. > :23:27.could potentially be highly risky -- a computer could go rogue. It was
:23:28. > :23:35.not a computer would take another ten years to be a professional Go
:23:36. > :23:40.player. AI has brought its potential and risks into focus. That is all
:23:41. > :23:55.from Reporters this week. From me, Philippa Thomas, goodbye for now.
:23:56. > :24:05.Hello there. It has been a great day once again for most of us today and
:24:06. > :24:08.I will show you the satellite picture which tells the story of the
:24:09. > :24:11.day quite nicely. You can see the extent of the cloud, looking a
:24:12. > :24:12.little like it might break across southern