:00:20. > :00:25.Welcome to Reporters. From here in the world's newsroom we sent out
:00:26. > :00:30.correspondence to bring you the best news stories from across the globe.
:00:31. > :00:37.In this programme, China's abandoned children. John sat with me to the
:00:38. > :00:44.young people left behind, their parents working in the cities. The
:00:45. > :00:46.numbers involved are staggering. Some 16 million children affected
:00:47. > :00:52.nationwide, left behind in villages like this one. Two years after
:00:53. > :00:56.hundreds of Nigerian schoolgirls are kidnapped by Islamist militants, we
:00:57. > :01:01.report on the thousands of other women and girls also missing. And we
:01:02. > :01:06.hear the tragic stories of those who have escaped. When you are living
:01:07. > :01:10.under them, they beat you. If there is a child on your back, they even
:01:11. > :01:16.beat the child. At night they try to rate you. Inside the Olympic Park as
:01:17. > :01:21.Brazil braces to get ready for the summer games, and we get a rare look
:01:22. > :01:26.at how the preparations are going. Alan Ghosh investigates an ambitious
:01:27. > :01:28.new project to send a spacecraft to another sub system trillions of
:01:29. > :01:35.miles away, backed by Stephen Hawking. If we are to survive as a
:01:36. > :01:43.species, we must ultimately spread to the stars. And capturing the cool
:01:44. > :01:47.of Miles Davis. We catch up with Hollywood actor Don Cheadle as he
:01:48. > :01:54.takes up the trumpet to play the jazz genius. Miles was fun and
:01:55. > :01:56.hip-hop and bebop and pop and swing and jazz and soul and R He
:01:57. > :02:13.touched at all. They are known as China's left
:02:14. > :02:17.behind children, a mass of young people abandoned by their parents as
:02:18. > :02:21.they go in search of work in the cities. It is thought tens of
:02:22. > :02:26.millions of children are involved. Sometimes left under the care of
:02:27. > :02:29.relatives, often unsupervised. China's residency laws mean migrant
:02:30. > :02:33.workers are banned from taking their children with them. The authorities
:02:34. > :02:38.have launched a national census to try to provide an accurate measure
:02:39. > :02:42.of the exact scale of the problem. Johnson's wife has been to two of
:02:43. > :02:52.the worst affected provinces, and reports on one of China's most
:02:53. > :02:58.pressing social challenges. This 14-year-old girl is helping her
:02:59. > :03:10.younger brother with his homework. She is the only one who can. The
:03:11. > :03:15.children live alone. In their remote village, they grow their own
:03:16. > :03:22.vegetables and cook their own meals. Their parents work more than 1000
:03:23. > :03:30.miles away. And they come back to visit just once a year. When you are
:03:31. > :03:36.sad or upset about something at school, it must be very hard not
:03:37. > :03:44.being able to talk to your money or your daddy about it. TRANSLATION: I
:03:45. > :03:53.cannot tell them. Mum and dad live a hard life outside. I don't want them
:03:54. > :03:56.to worry about me. Alongside the responsibilities of an adult, she
:03:57. > :04:04.carries the vulnerability of a child. In some schools, opted 80% of
:04:05. > :04:10.the pupils are growing up without their mums and dads. China's modern
:04:11. > :04:15.economy may have been built on the hard graft of its internal migrants,
:04:16. > :04:21.but it has taken a heavy toll on the children as well. The numbers
:04:22. > :04:24.involved are staggering, some 16 million children affected
:04:25. > :04:30.nationwide, left behind in villages like this one while their parents
:04:31. > :04:35.work elsewhere. It is arguably one of the most pressing social issues
:04:36. > :04:38.of our time, and despite much hand-wringing, it is an issue the
:04:39. > :04:48.Communist Party has so far done very little about. Most left behind
:04:49. > :04:57.children are not alone but kept under the watchful eye of a
:04:58. > :05:06.grandparent. Many still struggle, like 11-year-old Tang Yuan.
:05:07. > :05:14.TRANSLATION: My parents do not live here, they work in another city cold
:05:15. > :05:17.Chengdu. They work in a factory making clothes. I know it is hard
:05:18. > :05:26.for mum and dad to make money, but I miss them so much, it is very
:05:27. > :05:31.painful. This is where his dad works. This boat years of service
:05:32. > :05:39.and these production lines, it is still most impossible for Mr Tang to
:05:40. > :05:43.lose his official migrant status. Meaning that like millions of others
:05:44. > :05:52.his children are not allowed to attend local schools. In restaurant
:05:53. > :05:57.close to the factory, we show the parents of Tang Yuwen the interview
:05:58. > :06:09.we recorded with their son. They have not seen him for five months.
:06:10. > :06:15.TRANSLATION: I am so worried because I am not with him. I worry about his
:06:16. > :06:22.safety. If there were no legal barriers we would bring him with us.
:06:23. > :06:27.The Chinese government admits the problem is urgent. But until their
:06:28. > :06:33.parents are given full citizenship rights, the true cost of every made
:06:34. > :06:37.in China product will be measured not just in price but in the
:06:38. > :06:49.terrible burden it places on these children. From China's left behind
:06:50. > :06:54.children to the children of Nigeria in the hundreds of schoolgirls
:06:55. > :07:00.kidnapped by the Islamic militant group Boko Haram two years ago. Back
:07:01. > :07:04.then a campaign united the world in condemnation and calls for action,
:07:05. > :07:08.but no more than 200 of them are still missing. And their case is not
:07:09. > :07:12.unusual. It is thought thousands of other women and girls are missing.
:07:13. > :07:23.We have been talking to one girl who managed to escape her captors. You
:07:24. > :07:27.may find her story distressing. This is our. She was not one of the
:07:28. > :07:34.school girls come about as one of the thousands of others taken by
:07:35. > :07:40.Boko Haram. No home, her story is the story of how they are caring
:07:41. > :07:47.communities apart. She explained how she was kidnapped by Boko Haram and
:07:48. > :07:51.taken to the notorious forest. TRANSLATION: They give us a choice,
:07:52. > :08:01.to be married to be a slave. I decided to marry. What did getting
:08:02. > :08:07.married involve? We lived together. I became pregnant from my husband
:08:08. > :08:10.and gave birth to a boy. She was rescued before her son was born and
:08:11. > :08:14.kept in touch with her husband by phone before the army took it from
:08:15. > :08:25.her. It was the last time she spoke to him. Do you love your husband?
:08:26. > :08:29.Yes. Her family is half Muslim, half Christian. They had a vote to decide
:08:30. > :08:34.whether she should have an abortion. By a narrow majority she was allowed
:08:35. > :08:41.to board the baby, -- alo to keep the baby, but it right shame. People
:08:42. > :08:48.cold her a Boko Haram wife, and the criminal, they did not want her near
:08:49. > :08:54.or alike. How did they treat your child? They hated my child. He fell
:08:55. > :09:03.sick and the body kit for him. Nobody liked him. The boy, nine
:09:04. > :09:12.months old, was bitten by a snake. He died. Half the family celebrated
:09:13. > :09:16.what they called God's will. TRANSLATION: Some were happy that he
:09:17. > :09:22.died. They were happy the blood of alcohol and had gone. She is sad,
:09:23. > :09:30.she is angry, she is confused. She is 17. She talks of going to school
:09:31. > :09:35.and becoming a doctor. She talks of going back to the forest. She talks
:09:36. > :09:38.of becoming a suicide bomber. Not far from her home are many other
:09:39. > :09:45.woman with similar and terrible stories of life under Boko Haram.
:09:46. > :09:51.Stories of beatings, forced marriages, suffering, and now,
:09:52. > :09:56.stigma. TRANSLATION: When you are living under them, they beat you. If
:09:57. > :10:00.there is a child on your back, they even beat the child. At night they
:10:01. > :10:09.try to rate you. You have to fight them off. This is another town where
:10:10. > :10:13.Boko Haram came and killed, and took at least 300 children from the
:10:14. > :10:22.school. One of these men has lost his wife. The other a seven-year-old
:10:23. > :10:32.boy with the Islamist group. What are they fighting for? It is not
:10:33. > :10:34.religion. TRANSLATION: It is all there talking about, nobody talks
:10:35. > :10:41.about how our children were kidnapped. The crisis here in
:10:42. > :10:46.north-eastern Nigeria is about more than the Chibock girls. Thousands
:10:47. > :10:50.have been forced to live under Boko Haram. It is not just the trauma of
:10:51. > :10:54.that the sexual abuse, it is when they come back to their communities
:10:55. > :11:00.people reject them. That is the real tragedy. So many girls like Zara
:11:01. > :11:04.have been abducted. So many others are still being held. There is
:11:05. > :11:13.torment for those who wait, and there is pain for those who survive.
:11:14. > :11:19.The so-called panama papers have put the tiny territory of the British
:11:20. > :11:22.Virgin Islands under pressure. The islands, which were the top tax
:11:23. > :11:25.haven identified in the leaked documents, now say they will share
:11:26. > :11:29.information with the British government about who owns offshore
:11:30. > :11:33.companies registered on their territory. More than half the
:11:34. > :11:40.offshore firms set up by the Panamanian law firm at the centre of
:11:41. > :11:42.the scandal are registered there. Our correspondent has been to the
:11:43. > :11:49.British Virgin Islands to investigate. The British Virgin
:11:50. > :11:54.Islands, where the union Jack still flies, and symbols of the Queen are
:11:55. > :11:59.everywhere. This tropical paradise is an unlikely engine room of global
:12:00. > :12:06.finance. There are around 500 thousand active offshore companies
:12:07. > :12:10.in a territory is population is just 20 8000. And with so many firms
:12:11. > :12:14.mentioned in the panama papers mentioned here, the British Virgin
:12:15. > :12:29.Islands' reputation has been called into question. At the heart of it is
:12:30. > :12:37.one law firm. I have just run the buzzer of the British Virgins office
:12:38. > :12:41.of Mossack Fonseca. There are people in there, but the moment they caught
:12:42. > :12:44.sight of Camara the disappeared. I'm still waiting to see that anyone
:12:45. > :12:51.will speak to us. The doors remained closed to us. Mossack Fonseca denies
:12:52. > :12:55.any wrongdoing. In his first interview since the leak, the
:12:56. > :12:59.premiere of the British Virgin Islands told me an investigation had
:13:00. > :13:02.been launched. How do we know that Mossack Fonseca is one bad apple and
:13:03. > :13:09.there are not many more out there was Mike in any kind of business
:13:10. > :13:16.there will be a few, what you call that apples. This happens, and that
:13:17. > :13:23.is why laws and regulations which allow them to be investigated and
:13:24. > :13:26.action to be taken. And then this. The premier seemingly implied that
:13:27. > :13:34.those who leaked the data were at fault. The information was hacked.
:13:35. > :13:39.Information which to a large extent had not shown any wrongdoing. The
:13:40. > :13:42.British Virgin Islands has made a fortune through the business of
:13:43. > :13:47.setting up shell companies with the owner's identity is not known. There
:13:48. > :13:51.are 18 companies for every individual man, woman and child on
:13:52. > :13:54.this island. These mailboxes may look anonymous, but in some cases
:13:55. > :14:01.they are the headquarters for businesses that have been registered
:14:02. > :14:04.here. Martin Kenny is a fraud investigator. He explains that while
:14:05. > :14:11.the culture in the industry is changing, some prefer secrecy. In
:14:12. > :14:14.1970s and 1980s nobody knew anything about offshore companies. That was
:14:15. > :14:19.the whole point. But since then a bargain has been made. Here is your
:14:20. > :14:22.license to foreign companies, Mossack Fonseca, you get to have
:14:23. > :14:25.this license on the condition that you know who your customers are, and
:14:26. > :14:30.if you are dodgy you dump them and report the suspicious activity to
:14:31. > :14:34.the police. That is the bargain, it seems that we have been let down in
:14:35. > :14:40.part by some of their activities. There is pressure building to
:14:41. > :14:49.reform. Here on these pristine islands, a haven for more than just
:14:50. > :14:52.tourists. It is just four months to go until Rio hosts the Summer
:14:53. > :14:57.Olympics, and the races on get the city ready in time. Brazil has had
:14:58. > :15:02.to cope with some serious problems in the run-up to the games, the
:15:03. > :15:07.latest the huge public protests over allegations of government
:15:08. > :15:13.corruption. And as we report, ticket sales have been badly affected. Rio
:15:14. > :15:17.is still in a race to be ready for the Olympics. Transport links to the
:15:18. > :15:24.venues are way behind schedule, ticket sales have been poor. What
:15:25. > :15:28.the organisers do want to show off is the Olympic Park. In a rare look
:15:29. > :15:32.inside, it is clear the buildings do not have the wow factor of previous
:15:33. > :15:37.events, but they do look like they should be delivered on time. Some of
:15:38. > :15:42.the venues have been completed, on the outside at least. This is the
:15:43. > :15:46.aquatic centre, and it looks great. This country is facing huge crises
:15:47. > :15:52.right now, and it has led to concerns about how they will impact
:15:53. > :15:55.the games. A fierce political storm is raging in Brazil. No one even
:15:56. > :16:00.knows if the current president will be forced from office before she
:16:01. > :16:03.gets to open the Rio games. Among recent political resignations has
:16:04. > :16:11.been the government's head of Olympic security. No other country
:16:12. > :16:17.in Olympic history has lived through such difficult times so close to the
:16:18. > :16:22.games. We basically rebuild the games every second. That does not
:16:23. > :16:26.mean it is a negative impact or that we will compromise the games. It has
:16:27. > :16:30.an effect because it has to have an effect. We are part of Brazil, we
:16:31. > :16:37.are partners with the government at three levels. We work with these
:16:38. > :16:41.guys every single day. There has also been a dramatic collapse of the
:16:42. > :16:47.Brazilian economy. Well over 1 million jobs have been lost. And
:16:48. > :16:51.Olympic projects have been affected, among them a plan to clean waterways
:16:52. > :16:58.like the bay where Olympic sailing events will happen. Raw sewage still
:16:59. > :17:03.flows into it every day. And of course, Brazil has been hit by
:17:04. > :17:07.another major crisis. They are spreading to kill mosquitoes because
:17:08. > :17:10.many hundreds of thousands here now thought to have contracted the Zika
:17:11. > :17:18.virus. Pregnant women have been warned to stay away. As a schoolgirl
:17:19. > :17:22.you played volleyball here? Fabiano won gold medals in Beijing and
:17:23. > :17:27.London. She hoped when the games came to her home city that would be
:17:28. > :17:36.huge excitement. But I know people have other concerns. TRANSLATION: I
:17:37. > :17:39.am sad because right now everyone is not focused on the games and making
:17:40. > :17:42.them a success. I am sad because my country is going through a difficult
:17:43. > :17:48.time. But I hope these games will show the fighting spirit of my
:17:49. > :17:52.people. It may well be after the final frantic preparations Brazil
:17:53. > :17:55.does put on a great games. The point of hosting the Olympics was to
:17:56. > :17:59.showcase all the positives the country had to offer. But the games
:18:00. > :18:11.instead may just have drawn the eyes of the world even more to Brazil's
:18:12. > :18:15.current turmoil. Neither something completely different. A plan from
:18:16. > :18:19.leading scientists including Professor Stephen Hawking to send a
:18:20. > :18:24.spacecraft to another solar system. It is as ambitious as it sounds. The
:18:25. > :18:28.ship would need to travel trillions, or thousands of billions of
:18:29. > :18:33.kilometres, much further than any craft before. And the plan is to
:18:34. > :18:39.develop a craft about the size of a microchip that could travel at
:18:40. > :18:41.exceptional speed. We have been looking at whether such an
:18:42. > :18:46.exceptional sounding mission could be possible. For thousands of years
:18:47. > :18:50.people have dreamt of one day travelling to distant stars. The
:18:51. > :18:57.world's most famous scientist, Stephen Hocking, thinks that the day
:18:58. > :19:01.will come very soon. Astronomers believe there is a reasonable chance
:19:02. > :19:04.of an earthlike planet orbiting one of the stars in the other
:19:05. > :19:10.centre-right system, but we will know more in the next few decades
:19:11. > :19:14.from ground-based and space-based telescopes, technological
:19:15. > :19:18.development in the last two decades and in the future make it in
:19:19. > :19:26.principle possible within a generation. Already a probe has been
:19:27. > :19:30.sent to Pluto. But a 7.5 billion miles away. And Voyager one has
:19:31. > :19:37.reached the edge of our solar system. That is 18 billion miles
:19:38. > :19:43.away. The plan is to send a spacecraft to star in another solar
:19:44. > :19:49.system. That is a staggering 25 trillion miles away. Using current
:19:50. > :19:53.technology, it would take a spacecraft 30,000 years to get our
:19:54. > :19:59.courses start. But by making them smaller it could take just 30. They
:20:00. > :20:03.used to be the size of trucks and large cars. Over the years the size
:20:04. > :20:07.of spacecraft have shrunk dramatically. In the 1980s this
:20:08. > :20:13.microsatellite was used for Earth observation. In the 1990s this nano
:20:14. > :20:18.satellite was launched for communications. The ultimate aim of
:20:19. > :20:24.the new research programme is to make an even smaller, to cram
:20:25. > :20:30.cameras and instruments you have in these onto a single chip. The idea
:20:31. > :20:36.is to launch these mini spacecraft into the earth's orbit. Each would
:20:37. > :20:42.have a solar sail. A giant laser on earth would give each one a powerful
:20:43. > :20:47.push, sending it on its way, reaching a speed of 100 million
:20:48. > :20:55.miles per second. There are no greater heights to aspire to ban the
:20:56. > :21:01.stars. To keep all our eggs in one fragile basket. Are pieces threats
:21:02. > :21:08.from events like asteroids or supernovas, and other dangers from
:21:09. > :21:14.ourselves. If we are not as alive as a species, we must ultimately spread
:21:15. > :21:17.to the stars. Here in Surrey where they pioneered the development of
:21:18. > :21:22.many satellites 30 years ago, scientists believe it will be
:21:23. > :21:27.possible. A lot of what we did back in the 1980s was considered very
:21:28. > :21:30.wacky. And no small satellites are considered all the fashion. This is
:21:31. > :21:35.a wacky sounding idea, but technology has moved on and now it
:21:36. > :21:38.is not wacky, it is just difficult. There are still a lot of work needed
:21:39. > :21:40.to develop the technology, but scientists believe although it will
:21:41. > :21:45.be difficult, it will not be impossible. What was once a distant
:21:46. > :21:54.dream could very soon become reality. He was a musical innovator
:21:55. > :21:58.who revolutionised the world of jazz. Now it life and career of
:21:59. > :22:06.Miles Davis is being celebrated in a new film directed by and starring
:22:07. > :22:09.Don Cheadle. Mark Savage took the director record shop in London to
:22:10. > :22:20.find out how Davis's creative genius had inspired the film.
:22:21. > :22:27.The film is, for me, something that felt like you're walking around
:22:28. > :22:30.inside Miles' brain, not do something that felt like a cookie
:22:31. > :22:36.cutter, do something that was innovative and impressionistic and
:22:37. > :22:44.felt like cinematic jazz. If you're going to tell a story, come at it
:22:45. > :22:48.with some attitude. Miles Davis, I'm from Rolling Stone magazine. I here
:22:49. > :22:53.to do your comeback story. OK, move back. It is not a sympathetic
:22:54. > :22:59.portrait. Did the family ever object. It must've wanted to portray
:23:00. > :23:04.the showcases genius rather that dark Project. That is the genius of
:23:05. > :23:10.Miles, that he was persevered and was constantly creative. Do not send
:23:11. > :23:17.people to my house. My material, my session date. You are under
:23:18. > :23:23.contract, we own that tape. How much money have you got on you? You are
:23:24. > :23:27.about $19,000 light, but it is a start. If you had on the coast
:23:28. > :23:31.today, he might be diagnosed as bipolar or something of that nature,
:23:32. > :23:32.but it is also the spring from whence all this incredible work
:23:33. > :23:51.comes. Here is the section. A little
:23:52. > :23:57.section. What would be the one you choose? It is a daunting task to get
:23:58. > :24:02.into Miles Davis, would you begin? This one, purportedly by most people
:24:03. > :24:08.the classic jazz album. Miles themselves said that he kind of
:24:09. > :24:18.missed, which is called interesting, it's so heralded, but in his opinion
:24:19. > :24:20.it was not what the destination was. Pitches brew, that is not a good
:24:21. > :24:25.place to start for a beginner. Charities. There are people who had
:24:26. > :24:29.never heard of miles before this. Their entry point to Miles was rock.
:24:30. > :24:35.It just depends on what you want to hear. Because Miles as funk and
:24:36. > :24:48.hip-hop and bebop and pulp and swing and jazz and soul and R She
:24:49. > :24:52.touched at all. The last scene of the stage, you're playing on stage
:24:53. > :24:55.with Herbie Hancock. It was really fun to stop musicians of that
:24:56. > :25:00.calibre, they just pull you in. They did not want to leave. We wrapped
:25:01. > :25:03.and hung around backstage for an hour afterwards, with them saying, I
:25:04. > :25:10.can we do this again? Can reach this band? I was saying, yes, please!
:25:11. > :25:14.Those guys are way too busy. I will try to put together. The idea behind
:25:15. > :25:19.Mickey and Minnie was to be part of something that is going on, not just
:25:20. > :25:29.have the movie be some finite thing. To have it bring miles back. You're
:25:30. > :25:34.looking at him. Don't call it jazz, that is a made up word. It is social
:25:35. > :25:37.music. Don Cheadle capturing the cool of Miles Davis. And that is it
:25:38. > :25:49.from Reporters this week. Goodbye for now.