:00:00. > :00:28.Hello and welcome to Reporters. We send our correspondence to bring the
:00:29. > :00:37.best stories romp across the world. This week, inside one of Europe's
:00:38. > :00:44.biggest jails. Overcrowding, drugs, violence and corruption is some of
:00:45. > :00:51.the challenges facing the prison. This place cannot run. It is unfair.
:00:52. > :01:01.Even some of the staff are in fear. We visit the Republican heartland of
:01:02. > :01:08.Revere to see how immigration is feeling support for US presidential
:01:09. > :01:16.candidates. It is the sort of shift that fuels Donald Trump's campaign.
:01:17. > :01:27.Nuclear options. What lessons can be learnt from Finland. Whether French
:01:28. > :01:33.art building reactor similar to the one to be built in the UK. It is
:01:34. > :01:41.designed to create more energy than before. And the sight of the holy
:01:42. > :01:47.land where Christ is believed to have been baptised. And finding the
:01:48. > :01:53.dolphins of the gantry. We discover how the creatures are surviving
:01:54. > :01:58.despite the pollution. This has been extraordinary. I never expected to
:01:59. > :02:03.see as many dolphins as we have seen that. This river is capable of
:02:04. > :02:15.supporting these wonderful animals. The British government is promising
:02:16. > :02:19.the biggest shakeup since Victorian times of the prison system in
:02:20. > :02:26.England and Wales. It comes as concern about safety standards have
:02:27. > :02:34.intensified. Too many dales are not fit for purpose. Six present will be
:02:35. > :02:39.overhauled. Ed Thomas has spelt weeks in one of them. This is his
:02:40. > :02:57.insight story. This is was was worth, the BBC has
:02:58. > :03:02.been given unprecedented access. Over seven days we saw the fear and
:03:03. > :03:08.violence. There is one person, the wing looks secure. If you cannot
:03:09. > :03:16.defend yourself, you become victim. The drugs eating addiction inside
:03:17. > :03:25.stop it is easy to get Cabinet is. -- cannabis. The prison officers
:03:26. > :03:31.pushed to the very edge. I have been more stress than in the past 24
:03:32. > :03:41.years. It is the second alarm of the day. The prisoner has refused to go
:03:42. > :03:50.back to his cell. 20 years ago, the inmates murdered man in fight. These
:03:51. > :03:57.his his 38th jail. We cannot identify him but he told us he was
:03:58. > :04:02.trapped in cycle of violence. I got attacked by 15 people. I have three
:04:03. > :04:09.broken bones in my hand. I have murder is here left, right and
:04:10. > :04:16.centre. I need violence for my safety. They are so shortstaffed in
:04:17. > :04:24.here. It is unsafe. A lot of staff are in fear. That smell of
:04:25. > :04:31.cannabis... E Wing and the smell of cannabis is everywhere. It is
:04:32. > :04:43.overwhelming, especially up here stop then we see yet, the group
:04:44. > :04:53.smoking below us, in full view. There is no order left. Imagine if
:04:54. > :05:05.they cannot get it next week Bass where can you get cannabis? From
:05:06. > :05:10.anywhere. I can get you some. Obviously, it is not good. It
:05:11. > :05:18.defeats everything we are trying to do. You have the cannabis. You do
:05:19. > :05:23.not have to look far to find drugs. Take Ashley, he has only just
:05:24. > :05:29.arrived but he says all drugs are available at all times. You can get
:05:30. > :05:36.spice, heroin, crack, anything you like. All we have to do is go and
:05:37. > :05:48.everything is there, anything you like. There is the alcohol. This
:05:49. > :05:55.spice, they synthetic illegal high. They are worth 80,000 pounds. And
:05:56. > :06:05.the mobile phones. All smuggled into the prison. Who brings them in?
:06:06. > :06:08.Officers, other prisoners. This prisoner asked us not to show his
:06:09. > :06:15.face. He wanted to talk about corruption. Are you just saying that
:06:16. > :06:27.to get the officers in trouble? Of course not. We can get free tennis
:06:28. > :06:36.balls, full of drugs from wherever you want. The BBC was invited here
:06:37. > :06:40.to hear these stories, to see the pressure from the governor who is
:06:41. > :06:46.demanding change. The one thing that I absolutely cannot stand, one of
:06:47. > :06:52.the first things we need to do is to think carefully about how we deal
:06:53. > :06:59.with the issues of corruption an deal with some of the issues
:07:00. > :07:05.highlighted last week. Halon will this prison reform take? -- how
:07:06. > :07:13.long. The pressure is building an officers are getting hurt. He was
:07:14. > :07:23.the victim of an assault. My wife worries. She would like me out the
:07:24. > :07:30.job. This officer, for him, it cannot get any worse. I care. I want
:07:31. > :07:34.to make the difference. I believe my staff want to make the difference
:07:35. > :07:41.but we are struggling. What is happening to your mental health? I
:07:42. > :07:50.do not think people care. But what is happening to US make eye on as
:07:51. > :07:59.stressed as I have been in 25 years. -- what is happening to you? And the
:08:00. > :08:10.desperately needs reform now. This prison revolution, promise to fix
:08:11. > :08:16.can jails with so many broken lives. At Thomas reporting. There are more
:08:17. > :08:21.American presidential primaries but for the Republicans of the race to
:08:22. > :08:25.find the nominee is over. Attention is now focused on the general
:08:26. > :08:30.election and the party 's controversial candidate, Donald
:08:31. > :08:34.Trump. He will have to widen his appeal and bring in voters who might
:08:35. > :08:42.not normally vote Republican. We have been to Revere, named after one
:08:43. > :08:50.of the heroes of the American war of independence. Revere has fiercely
:08:51. > :08:56.Independent streak. In 1775, the Forbath attacked the British. In
:08:57. > :09:04.2016, they handed the businessman Donald Trump his biggest primary
:09:05. > :09:08.victory in the State. Amid clouds of smoke in the local cigar shop, we
:09:09. > :09:13.found little faith that politician will help working people.
:09:14. > :09:23.Republican. You will vote for Donald Trump. Do you like in? I do. But it
:09:24. > :09:28.is also disliked for her. I believe she is everything politician should
:09:29. > :09:33.not be. Revere struggles. Unemployment is above average and
:09:34. > :09:38.there is little spare cash. You do not have to spend long in the town
:09:39. > :09:44.to hear resentment. It is emblematic of the pressures facing working
:09:45. > :09:49.class America - specifically, white working-class America. The number of
:09:50. > :09:55.immigrants has doubled. It is the sort of shift that fuels the Donald
:09:56. > :10:01.Trump campaign. On Shelley Avenue, couple of blocks from where he was
:10:02. > :10:07.born, we met John Church. Is never voted before but he likes Donald
:10:08. > :10:14.Trump. He will definitely help neighbourhoods like this. All the
:10:15. > :10:20.immigrants that have come in... They have not necessarily taken over but
:10:21. > :10:29.have made it hard for people who live here, white, in this country,
:10:30. > :10:32.to work, have the job, have rights. Evidence of the changing population
:10:33. > :10:38.is everywhere and the newly elected democratic met recognises it it is
:10:39. > :10:44.largely white Donald Trump did so well. He is offering people an
:10:45. > :10:52.opportunity to state in this they may feel and think but think not
:10:53. > :10:55.appropriate to say. He has opened that door for folks and, really,
:10:56. > :11:02.there is no room for that kind of dialogue in the city or on national
:11:03. > :11:07.level. Massachusetts is firmly democratic state but Revere is good
:11:08. > :11:14.test case for whether Donald Tusk Campillo away some of those voters.
:11:15. > :11:19.People like this man, who voted for Bill Clinton, and like Bernie
:11:20. > :11:23.Sanders but will not vote for Hillary Clinton. At least he is
:11:24. > :11:30.antiestablishment. I really like that he is not with them. For all of
:11:31. > :11:35.Washington to hate him, including the Republicans, makes me happy
:11:36. > :11:40.because it is someone who is not in bed with these people. Donald Trump
:11:41. > :11:49.cannot win the White House unless he expands his reach. Getting people
:11:50. > :11:55.like these may be his best route. President Hollande says that the
:11:56. > :11:59.plans by the energy giant to build two reactors in Somerset should go
:12:00. > :12:08.ahead. His comments follow warnings about the costs now estimated at 30
:12:09. > :12:15.billion dollars. Similar reactor is being built in similar and it is way
:12:16. > :12:18.behind schedule. Remote shoreline in Finland is at the scene for
:12:19. > :12:25.long-running saga about nuclear power that is highly relevant to
:12:26. > :12:31.Britain. The French company is building the first of new design of
:12:32. > :12:36.reactors they are testing the system that will handle the radioactive
:12:37. > :12:38.fuel, part of the project that has proved far tougher than expected.
:12:39. > :12:44.This is the largest nuclear reactor at anyone has ever attempted to
:12:45. > :12:49.build. It is designed to generate more than two city than any previous
:12:50. > :12:54.powerstation and it isn't meant to be easier to construct but things
:12:55. > :12:59.have not worked out that way. It will be nine years late under
:13:00. > :13:04.current timings. The scale of the work is split Pakula and that maybe
:13:05. > :13:15.one reason why they have been so delays in construction. --
:13:16. > :13:20.particular. The operating concept is the same as ait water reactor.
:13:21. > :13:25.Iranian goes through the chain reaction heating water to create
:13:26. > :13:30.steam to drive turbines but it also has two sequels of reinforced
:13:31. > :13:36.concrete to shield the reactor in case of playing hits that. Also
:13:37. > :13:42.system underneath to track material if there is an meltdown. The control
:13:43. > :13:46.room is now ready but it has been such struggle to get this far that
:13:47. > :13:50.the difficult question has come up - is the new reactor to complex to
:13:51. > :13:58.build was make the contractors denied this. This is achievable. But
:13:59. > :14:03.it is not working yet. It is not delivering electricity. OK but we
:14:04. > :14:10.know when we will deliver electricity. We have to test it, it
:14:11. > :14:20.is normal. I am not sure 90 the lake is normal -- nine year delay. It has
:14:21. > :14:26.taken so long to build the reactor that the costs have trebled. After
:14:27. > :14:32.all the delays and problems, what are the risks of all of this
:14:33. > :14:36.happening again with the construction of two of these in
:14:37. > :14:43.Somerset? EDF says it has watched the experience here and has learnt
:14:44. > :14:49.lessons. They believe with better management, they will deliver on
:14:50. > :14:52.time. They are using 3-D computer models. Mapping every single
:14:53. > :14:57.component and scheduling literally every task but there is not yet an
:14:58. > :15:04.example of the new EPR reactor working. This one in Normandy is in
:15:05. > :15:07.his late as our two in China. Finish power company has had the longest
:15:08. > :15:18.wait. If you have the choice would you
:15:19. > :15:22.build another one of these? We will come back to that question when we
:15:23. > :15:27.have this up and running. You want to see this running first? Let's
:15:28. > :15:31.return to that question when this is in operation. It's now down to a
:15:32. > :15:35.painstaking check of hundreds of miles of cable. B power station is
:15:36. > :15:40.supposed to be working in a couple of years, that does now seem
:15:41. > :15:45.plausible. But what matters for Britain is weather the task will
:15:46. > :15:48.become any easier. David Shukman, BBC News, in Finland. The
:15:49. > :15:54.self-declared Republic of Somaliland is not internationally recognised
:15:55. > :15:58.but it's rated 25 years of independence this week. It has a
:15:59. > :16:05.population of more than 3 million people and while poor it regards
:16:06. > :16:09.itself as a stable country in the Horn of Africa. A long-running
:16:10. > :16:14.regional drought has put millions of people in need of urgent
:16:15. > :16:17.humanitarian assistance. Camels are considered drought resistant, but
:16:18. > :16:20.recent dry conditions have threatened their survival in the
:16:21. > :16:25.Horn of Africa. These ones are just skin and bones
:16:26. > :16:29.with little milk for their owners or even for their young. Communities in
:16:30. > :16:37.rural Somaliland need their livestock for meat and milk, even
:16:38. > :16:43.for cash if they can sell them. TRANSLATION: I've lost about 40
:16:44. > :16:49.goats, six camels and a calf. The rest are weak and sickly, they are
:16:50. > :16:55.of no use to us. Not far away in another Homestead,
:16:56. > :17:02.the stories are just as grim. It's the worst drought in her memory.
:17:03. > :17:15.TRANSLATION: I had 200 goats, sheep and camels. But now there are only
:17:16. > :17:18.two sheep left. The Regent's Park expanses have been parched because
:17:19. > :17:24.of poor rain supply in recent years. It's posing a major threat to
:17:25. > :17:28.the livelihoods of these pastoralists. Over the past two or
:17:29. > :17:33.three weeks there has been some rain here and that's why there's this bit
:17:34. > :17:37.of greenery, but the rain has also washed down these carcasses and lots
:17:38. > :17:41.are littered around here, a sign of the harshness of the recent
:17:42. > :17:45.drought. The people here fear that if the current rainy spell doesn't
:17:46. > :17:50.last then they might lose more of the livestock they depend heavily
:17:51. > :17:54.on. The rain should come as a relief but it's brought with it I bet me
:17:55. > :18:01.and disease, which are killing even more animals. A lot of work needs to
:18:02. > :18:03.be done on keeping animals alive and that requires vaccinations and
:18:04. > :18:06.treatments because at the moment, you can see the livestock are in
:18:07. > :18:09.terrible condition. We need restocking, the many people that
:18:10. > :18:14.depend on livestock have lost much at the moment, there simply aren't
:18:15. > :18:18.enough livestock around to sustain them in the future. But the new
:18:19. > :18:22.moisture in the ground has brought some hope for farmers, the few who
:18:23. > :18:27.can afford it paid to have tractors till their land. This could be the
:18:28. > :18:33.lifeline they in these uncertain climactic conditions.
:18:34. > :18:37.The British team mining charity the Halo Trust has been given the
:18:38. > :18:40.go-ahead for a major project to clear explosives from seven churches
:18:41. > :18:45.in the West Bank. They are at the site where Christ is believed to
:18:46. > :18:49.have been baptised and were heavily mined by Israeli troops nearly 50
:18:50. > :18:53.years ago. No one has set foot inside them since then. Caroline
:18:54. > :18:57.Wyatt reports from the banks of the River Jordan. A place where pilgrims
:18:58. > :19:02.fear to tread among the churches that has built over 1000 years ago,
:19:03. > :19:08.one of Christianity's most sacred sites.
:19:09. > :19:11.This became a battlefield, mind and booby-trapped by Israeli soldiers
:19:12. > :19:15.almost 50 years ago, sewing a deadly harvest in fields that have lain
:19:16. > :19:19.empty ever since. But at last the British charity the Halo Trust has
:19:20. > :19:25.won the backing of all the churches represented here to demine and make
:19:26. > :19:30.the area safe for work shippers once again. Here amongst these churches
:19:31. > :19:34.we see a death -- worshippers. There is a silence here, there's nothing
:19:35. > :19:39.happening here because human beings can't do what human beings should
:19:40. > :19:43.do, which is to be here and worship in safety. The hope is for a rebirth
:19:44. > :19:49.for this troubled area in the occupied territory of the West
:19:50. > :19:52.Bank, where more than 3000 pilgrims come here each year to immerse
:19:53. > :19:58.themselves in the waters of the River Jordan. It's where the Bible
:19:59. > :20:07.is suggested Jesus's ministry on earth began. In the father, the sun
:20:08. > :20:12.and the holy spirit. Let's do it twice, baby. It's got to stick! The
:20:13. > :20:17.minute we started coming into the complex it got really emotional
:20:18. > :20:20.because this is where it began. This is one of the most significant sites
:20:21. > :20:24.in the Christian world and pilgrims come here from around the globe to
:20:25. > :20:28.see where Christ himself was said to be baptised. But many pilgrims would
:20:29. > :20:32.like to go and visit the churches here just a few hundred metres away
:20:33. > :20:37.but they can't because of the minefields. 1 million square metres
:20:38. > :20:41.will need to be made safe with thousands of deadly mines known to
:20:42. > :20:51.be under this treacherous sifting, shifting soil. The polyps politics
:20:52. > :20:53.of the holy land meant many negotiations with the Israeli
:20:54. > :20:58.government and the Palestinian Authority. They have all agreed to
:20:59. > :21:07.the project in a place where religion too often divides. I think
:21:08. > :21:09.this would be a contribution to not only peace but also to
:21:10. > :21:14.reconciliation. The Halo Trust hopes to start its
:21:15. > :21:19.work by Christmas, but the charity must still raise much of the cash.
:21:20. > :21:24.Some ?3 million to help make safe this place of pilgrimage so brutally
:21:25. > :21:30.scarred by war. Caroline Wyatt, BBC News.
:21:31. > :21:34.India has launched an ambitious $3 billion programme to clean up the
:21:35. > :21:38.Ganges, India's greatest and most sacred river. It's a huge
:21:39. > :21:44.challenge, not least because the river is literally a sewer carrying
:21:45. > :21:49.away waste from 450 million people. But it's also home to a rare dolphin
:21:50. > :21:54.that somehow survives despite the pollution. Justin Rowlatt has been
:21:55. > :21:57.out along the river in search of the elusive creatures.
:21:58. > :22:01.Vara Naseem is the holiest city in all of India. But just take a look
:22:02. > :22:17.at this. It is also a huge source of
:22:18. > :22:24.pollution. -- Varanasi. The ancient practices of Riverside cremation are
:22:25. > :22:30.one tiny part of it. A far bigger problem is the waste of the living.
:22:31. > :22:38.We can only treat a third of the sewage. The city generates more than
:22:39. > :22:42.300 litres of waste and 100 million litres are treated. The rest goes
:22:43. > :22:47.straight into the Ganges. The figures elsewhere on the river are
:22:48. > :22:52.even worse. Independent studies show 80% of sewage is untreated.
:22:53. > :22:56.The government says it plans to build massive new waste treatment
:22:57. > :23:02.infrastructure. Environmentalists say it can't come soon enough for at
:23:03. > :23:06.least one key species. We've come down to the Ganges and
:23:07. > :23:11.the hope was that we might be able to spot the incredibly rare Gangetic
:23:12. > :23:15.dolphin. And incredibly within minutes of arriving here I saw the
:23:16. > :23:20.dorsal fin on one of them break the water. Now, the real challenge I
:23:21. > :23:25.think is going to be filming them. We've hired a little boat, this is
:23:26. > :23:29.it. Hello! And this is Sanjay, the cameraman. Sanjay, how difficult do
:23:30. > :23:35.you think it will be to film the Dolphins, we've seen a couple,
:23:36. > :23:40.haven't we? It's very tough because they pop up suddenly. This is Mr
:23:41. > :23:43.Askar, and you're an expert on Gangetic dolphins, you work for the
:23:44. > :23:48.worldwide life fund, and one of your projects is to protect the animal,
:23:49. > :23:53.how rare is the Gangetic dolphin now? The Gangetic dolphin is an
:23:54. > :23:58.endangered species and it is pretty rare to spot these animals. But
:23:59. > :24:05.today there seemed to be dolphins all around us. Six, seven... Seven
:24:06. > :24:10.simultaneously over there, look. They have to surface every two
:24:11. > :24:14.minutes or so to Brive. The challenge is getting where they're
:24:15. > :24:16.going to be. But after a bit Sanjay gets his eye in and then just look
:24:17. > :24:29.at this! This has been extraordinary. I never
:24:30. > :24:33.expected to see anything like as many dolphins as we've seen and it's
:24:34. > :24:37.such incredibly good news, because what it tells us is this river is
:24:38. > :24:41.capable of supporting these wonderful animals. And it also shows
:24:42. > :24:44.us what's at stake, why it's so important that the Indian
:24:45. > :24:55.government's efforts to clean up this river succeed.
:24:56. > :24:59.Justin Rowlatt, BBC News, Varanasi. That's all from Reporters this
:25:00. > :25:16.week. From me, Ben Bland, goodbye for now.
:25:17. > :25:19.If your Saturday was cloudy, wet at times, for Sunday,