:00:00. > :00:22.From here, in the world's newsroom, we send our correspondents to bring
:00:23. > :00:24.you the best stories from across the globe.
:00:25. > :00:27.In this week's programme: As the Russian doping scandal
:00:28. > :00:30.deepens with more athletes failing retests, Dan Roan investigates
:00:31. > :00:36.what it means for Moscow's role in the Olympics.
:00:37. > :00:38.With the decision on Russia's participation in Rio looming
:00:39. > :00:42.and less than a month away now, every fresh claim of wrongdoing
:00:43. > :00:46.makes a humiliating exclusion from sport's flagship
:00:47. > :00:54.Justin Rowlatt investigates how the failure of the Government's
:00:55. > :00:57.anti-drugs campaign has led to a boom-time for opium farmers.
:00:58. > :01:00.One of the key objectives of the war here in Afghanistan was to eradicate
:01:01. > :01:04.this stuff, and yet Afghanistan is expecting another record
:01:05. > :01:19.John Sudworth comes under threat as he uncovers China's steel plants
:01:20. > :01:25.being put back to work, despite pledges to cut production.
:01:26. > :01:29.As you can see, we have had our cars surrounded by this group of thugs,
:01:30. > :01:33.backed up by the police, who are refusing to let us leave.
:01:34. > :01:38.Rebecca Morrell finds out how China is looking far and deep
:01:39. > :01:45.into the universe by building the world's biggest radio telescope.
:01:46. > :01:48.It's only when you get up close that you really get a sense
:01:49. > :02:09.It's a doping scandal that goes back eight years, and it's spirled into
:02:10. > :02:12.further controversy this week, the revelation that 14 Russian athletes
:02:13. > :02:17.failed retests of samples, taken during the 2008 Olympics in Beijing,
:02:18. > :02:22.has cast a shadow over Moscow's role in this year's Games in Rio. A
:02:23. > :02:27.decision on Russia's participation will now be made in two weeks. Dan
:02:28. > :02:31.Roan has been talking to Russia's sports minister and was given access
:02:32. > :02:37.to the Moscow lab, where it's alleged hundreds of samples were
:02:38. > :02:42.destroyed to cover up doping. It's a sporting superpower. This
:02:43. > :02:46.week's modern pentathlon World Championships here's in Moscow, one
:02:47. > :02:51.of many global events rucha plays host to. But the action takes place
:02:52. > :02:57.against a backdrop of mounting suspicion. 14 of 31 athletes in the
:02:58. > :03:04.2008 Olympics, who failed recent retests of their doping samples,
:03:05. > :03:08.were Russians. London 2012 Gold Medallist here among them. During
:03:09. > :03:11.rare behind-the-scenes access, granted to us by the Russian
:03:12. > :03:17.authorities, the sports minister tried to defend his country. It
:03:18. > :03:20.doesn't look good, almost half of that 31 being Russians, not good at
:03:21. > :03:23.all. TRANSLATION: Certainly it doesn't
:03:24. > :03:27.look good, but take into account the fact that the Russian national team
:03:28. > :03:30.is the second biggest after the USA and represented by many leaders in
:03:31. > :03:36.their disciplines. So this doesn't give an objective picture of dropg
:03:37. > :03:39.situation in Russia. In 2014 a German documentary alleged that 99%
:03:40. > :03:44.of Russian competitors were cheats. It's worse than we thought. An
:03:45. > :03:49.Independent Commission then finding the country guilting of
:03:50. > :03:51.state-sponsored doping. In November, Russia's athletes were banned from
:03:52. > :03:55.international competition. Tonight our sport finds itself in a shameful
:03:56. > :04:00.situation... But the crisis has deepened. A former drugs testing
:04:01. > :04:07.chief claiming he ran a doping conspiracy at the Sochi winter Games
:04:08. > :04:11.in 2014. This anonymous looking building is Moscow's infamous drugs
:04:12. > :04:15.testing lab. 1400 samples were allegedly destroyed here to cover up
:04:16. > :04:19.doping. Its license has been revoked, but allowing us in here is
:04:20. > :04:26.designed to show that Russia is cleaning up its act. So this is it,
:04:27. > :04:32.the place where it all happened, this lab the epicentre of what's
:04:33. > :04:35.alleged to have been a state-sponsored, sophisticated
:04:36. > :04:38.doping programme, with the decision on Russia's participation in Rio
:04:39. > :04:43.looming and less than a month away, every fresh claim of wrongdoing
:04:44. > :04:48.makes a humiliating exclusion from sport's flagship event more likely.
:04:49. > :04:55.You can see from our statistics that we had like 150 to 100 positive
:04:56. > :05:00.cases. So the number is quite big. So I think that we needed changes.
:05:01. > :05:04.We are open to changes right now. Many remain sceptical. It's wrong to
:05:05. > :05:09.have drug cheats anywhere near the Olympics. If the way to stamp it out
:05:10. > :05:12.and stop it is to remove a country that has been proven to be doing
:05:13. > :05:16.what they've been doing, in my opinion, that's the right way to go
:05:17. > :05:20.about it. One of the country's most celebrated athletes says Russia must
:05:21. > :05:26.be allowed to compete in Rio. Speaking from her home, the pole
:05:27. > :05:31.vaulter told me a ban would be a violation of her human rights. I
:05:32. > :05:36.feel very sad, disappointed and of course, very angry because all
:05:37. > :05:40.that's going on now, it's unfair. My opinion, it's totally unfair. Russia
:05:41. > :05:44.says it will criminalise doping, but with results due of more retests of
:05:45. > :05:48.samples taken from London 2012, the country could well lose more medals
:05:49. > :05:54.and any remaining chance its athletes have of competing on
:05:55. > :05:59.sport's grandest stage. If you thought the killing of the
:06:00. > :06:03.leader of the Taliban in Afghanistan, in a drone strike last
:06:04. > :06:07.week, was likely to reduce the supply of opium from the country -
:06:08. > :06:10.think again. He may have been closely associated with increased
:06:11. > :06:15.cultivation of poppies, from which the drug is made. But they're also
:06:16. > :06:19.increasingly being grown in government-held areas. One of the
:06:20. > :06:24.key objectives of the war in Afghanistan was to eradicate opium,
:06:25. > :06:30.but Afghanistan's war against the poppy seems to be failing.
:06:31. > :06:35.In Helmand, harvesting opium is a family affair. Afghanistan has
:06:36. > :06:39.become, by far, the biggest supplier of the drug in the world. The
:06:40. > :06:44.Taliban led the way, but these days, farmers say who is in control of an
:06:45. > :06:48.area doesn't make that much difference to how much poppy is
:06:49. > :06:51.cultivated. TRANSLATION: The government just
:06:52. > :06:56.fill their own pockets. Officials take money from us, just like the
:06:57. > :06:59.Taliban. We pay whoever runs the area at the time. We've got to keep
:07:00. > :07:04.them happy, so they don't trouble our workers. In Kabul, the official
:07:05. > :07:09.line is that the government is winning the war on drugs, but
:07:10. > :07:13.posters on the antinarcotics minister's wall, showing where opium
:07:14. > :07:16.is being grown, tell a very different story. Most of the areas
:07:17. > :07:21.shown here are government controlled.
:07:22. > :07:25.TRANSLATION: If farmers grow opium in areas the government controls,
:07:26. > :07:29.then you can be 100% certain that the government will destroy it, with
:07:30. > :07:36.the help of local people, and the police. Minister, you only have to
:07:37. > :07:40.look at the maps here in the office to see there is opium production in
:07:41. > :07:44.areas controlled by the government. TRANSLATION: In areas controlled by
:07:45. > :07:48.the government, farmers are not growing opium willingly, but because
:07:49. > :07:54.of the poverty in the area. So there may be some places where people are
:07:55. > :07:57.growing opium. There may indeed. This is northern Afghanistan, less
:07:58. > :08:02.than half an hour from a city considered a model of good
:08:03. > :08:06.governance. One of the key objectives of the war here in
:08:07. > :08:12.Afghanistan was to eradicate this stuff, billions of pounds was spent,
:08:13. > :08:17.hundreds of lives were lost, and yet, Afghanistan is expecting
:08:18. > :08:23.another recorder vest this year. -- record harvest this year. These
:08:24. > :08:26.poppies are growing in what is, nominally at least, in the control
:08:27. > :08:30.of the Afghan government. TRANSLATION: I started growing
:08:31. > :08:33.poppies because we were finding it difficult to make ends meet. The
:08:34. > :08:37.government used to be very strict about opium, now it's much more
:08:38. > :08:43.relaxed. It's good for locals, because it means there is more work
:08:44. > :08:48.and more money for everyone. He says local officials are well aware
:08:49. > :08:55.what's going on. The proof - this man is the local policeman. The
:08:56. > :08:59.truth is that Afghanistan is expected to produce more opium and
:09:00. > :09:06.therefore heroin this year than the world actually conassumes. It --
:09:07. > :09:14.consumes. It isn't hard to work out what that means: More and cheaper
:09:15. > :09:20.heroin coming to a street near you. China has pledged to cut its steel
:09:21. > :09:25.production, as its huge steel making juggernaut has led to a flood of
:09:26. > :09:30.cheap exports, putting pressure on producers all over the world. But a
:09:31. > :09:34.recent price rally in the domestic market, means it's re-opening some
:09:35. > :09:39.of its mills. More than 40 steel blast furnaces are thought to have
:09:40. > :09:49.been restarted this year. We've been to northern China to investigate.
:09:50. > :09:53.The industrial roar and the bill lowing smoke stacks are signs that
:09:54. > :10:00.China's steel-making juggernaut is once again picking up speed. Workers
:10:01. > :10:07.are being called back to the production lines, because of a
:10:08. > :10:12.recent rise in Chinese steel prices. This plant, once -- this plant once
:10:13. > :10:16.employed 6,000 people. We were closed for seven months, this man
:10:17. > :10:24.tells me. Are you pleased to be starting again? Factory bosses,
:10:25. > :10:28.though, are not too keen on reporters asking questions. China's
:10:29. > :10:33.giant steel factories may be in no mood to cut production, but they are
:10:34. > :10:38.very much aware of the sensitivity. We've had our car surrounded by this
:10:39. > :10:40.group of thugs, backed up by the police, who are refusing to let us
:10:41. > :10:52.leave. After two hours, they let us go. We
:10:53. > :10:58.find another mill. It closed in November last year, but look at it
:10:59. > :11:03.now. One of the workers proudly points to the day he was called
:11:04. > :11:11.back, along with almost 2,000 colleagues.
:11:12. > :11:14.TRANSLATION: I'm happy, so happy. Permanent closure would have huge
:11:15. > :11:22.consequences for our local community. This will not go down
:11:23. > :11:26.well with British Steel workers, who blame Chinese overcapacity for
:11:27. > :11:33.driving down global prices and putting thousands of UK jobs at
:11:34. > :12:01.risk. China's response, though? On your bike.
:12:02. > :12:07.The Chinese government does eventually plan to cut production,
:12:08. > :12:14.but it says it will be a long and painful process. Here's another
:12:15. > :12:21.mill, this time with 7,000 workers. Despite scaling back production at
:12:22. > :12:27.the end of last year, they've been busy turning those furnaces back on.
:12:28. > :12:31.And at every mill, security guards tailed and threatened us. They're
:12:32. > :12:35.still coming. China may want to sell its steel to
:12:36. > :12:45.the outside world, but it doesn't want the outside scrutiny.
:12:46. > :12:52.In America, there are three times more psychiatric patients in prison
:12:53. > :12:55.than in hospital. It means some US jails have recognised mental
:12:56. > :13:02.healthcare needs to be a big part of what they do. We were given special
:13:03. > :13:07.permission to film inside Cook County Jail and speak to prisoners
:13:08. > :13:10.there in Illinois. This is what checking into America's
:13:11. > :13:17.largest mental health institution looks like.
:13:18. > :13:20.It's not its official role, but when 30% of people being shuttled around
:13:21. > :13:25.from cell to cell and locked away in this jail are thought to have
:13:26. > :13:30.psychiatric problems, that by default is what it has become.
:13:31. > :13:36.OK, Robert, here we go. We watched as this man was processed into the
:13:37. > :13:41.jail, having his mug shots taken. 32, 34... He was charged with
:13:42. > :13:46.criminal trespass, sleeping on someone else's property. 42-year-old
:13:47. > :13:53.Robert is homeless and he has six for instancia. We saw as he shuffled
:13:54. > :13:56.off into what is a tough world -- Schizophrenia.
:13:57. > :14:01.In parts of the jail up to 400 inmates are kept in a single room
:14:02. > :14:05.where they eat, sleep and live all together. Many, of course, have
:14:06. > :14:09.committed far worse crimes than Robert.
:14:10. > :14:12.Those we spoke to complained of the conditions they lived in but didn't
:14:13. > :14:16.want to be recorded for fear they said of repercussions.
:14:17. > :14:19.But the number of those among the prison population with mental health
:14:20. > :14:25.problems appears to be ever increasing. It's now thought there
:14:26. > :14:30.are more than three times the number of psychiatric patients incarcerated
:14:31. > :14:34.in America than are in hospitals. People like Andre. He has been
:14:35. > :14:41.locked up because he stole groceries that he said he needed to eat. He
:14:42. > :14:46.too is schizophrenic. Being incarcerated is no way to live, kept
:14:47. > :14:55.from your freedom but surrounded with the people that's here, the
:14:56. > :14:59.people that's here, the violence, the ignorance and mentality of the
:15:00. > :15:04.individuals that you are locked up with, it can really get - it can be
:15:05. > :15:08.dangerous. There are some areas of the jail
:15:09. > :15:12.that do have the look of a treatment centre. Those running this facility
:15:13. > :15:17.have, at least, recognised that mental health provision needs to be
:15:18. > :15:21.a huge part of what they do. The new warden of the jail is even a
:15:22. > :15:25.psychologist. But what they can't change is a system that means so
:15:26. > :15:31.many people who should be treated in the community end up in a place like
:15:32. > :15:34.this. You have people who are sick, not criminals, they're sick. No
:15:35. > :15:39.different than if they had diabetes but they've a mental illness. It's
:15:40. > :15:43.not being treated. Why is it not treated? Guess what, states
:15:44. > :15:46.throughout the country, throughout the United States, have decimated
:15:47. > :15:52.the mental health programmes so there are none. People scramble to
:15:53. > :15:55.find anything. Where do these people end up en masse? In jails and
:15:56. > :16:00.prisons and it's been going on for decades. There does seem to be
:16:01. > :16:03.recognition that too many people in America are going to jail,
:16:04. > :16:08.particularly those with psychiatric problems. That can only be resolved
:16:09. > :16:12.with fundamental changes in the justice system here and improved
:16:13. > :16:21.mental health provision outside prison. But both those things feel a
:16:22. > :16:26.long way off. One of the world's newest nations
:16:27. > :16:30.Eritrea, in Africa, celebrated 25 years of independence this week.
:16:31. > :16:36.It's a country widely criticised for its poor human rights record. A lack
:16:37. > :16:42.of democracy and media freedom and its policy of forced conscription.
:16:43. > :16:46.More apply for sum in the European than anyother African nation. We
:16:47. > :16:56.have gained rare access to Eritrea and sent this report.
:16:57. > :17:06.The celebrations have begun. Eritreans are calling it their 25
:17:07. > :17:11.years of resilience and development. They're rejoicing, but also
:17:12. > :17:16.remembering the many who died in the 30-year war for independence. They
:17:17. > :17:21.have come from all over the world to join in the party. We can't measure
:17:22. > :17:26.our satisfaction, it's a miracle. Just to be here and see the change
:17:27. > :17:32.that's happened since then and how much the country has grown, it's
:17:33. > :17:37.really good feeling. It's tremendous, amazing, because it is
:17:38. > :17:45.the value of the blood that we have paid for independence, despite all
:17:46. > :17:51.the trouble. I am free. Free, freedom, because of the soldiers we
:17:52. > :17:55.have independence and living free. Eritreans were fight ago giant
:17:56. > :18:00.enemy, Ethiopia. War veterans are showing the younger generation how
:18:01. > :18:03.hard that war was. And how unlikely their victory, only a few years
:18:04. > :18:09.later the two countries were fighting again.
:18:10. > :18:16.The memories of the wars are slowly rusting away but remain alive in
:18:17. > :18:22.people's minds. These wars left Eritrea in ruins. The country still
:18:23. > :18:27.says it's in a no war, no peace situation with Ethiopia. This and
:18:28. > :18:30.the long years of international isolation have badly damaged the
:18:31. > :18:35.economy. Although there are some positive
:18:36. > :18:43.signs with growing international investment, especially in mining,
:18:44. > :18:47.life is tough for many. This is a 73-year-old war veteran.
:18:48. > :18:51.TRANSLATION: I fought for Eritrea's freedom. Now I am fighting to
:18:52. > :18:56.support my nine children and help build my country. We have economic
:18:57. > :19:01.problems but it's all part of our struggle for a better future. While
:19:02. > :19:10.some are really struggling, thousands have come out to celebrate
:19:11. > :19:13.this historic day. Eritrea faces real challenges but is slowly
:19:14. > :19:15.opening up. While many want to leave, perhaps this occasion will
:19:16. > :19:22.encourage more of the next generation to stay home.
:19:23. > :19:28.Fashionable clothes tailored for Muslim women are becoming big
:19:29. > :19:32.business all over the world. But in France a row has broken out after
:19:33. > :19:35.the Minister for women's rights attacked brands that developed
:19:36. > :19:41.clothes specifically for the Islamic market. She said women who wear such
:19:42. > :19:51.clothes are like willing slaves. Hugh Schofield reports from Paris.
:19:52. > :20:00.Creators of a modest fashion label for French Muslim women. Theer they
:20:01. > :20:04.are creating a new robe for the upcoming Ramadan season. This is the
:20:05. > :20:10.biggest sales, it's like Christmas.le. The clothes aim to
:20:11. > :20:15.unite Paris style and sophistication with the demands of religion.
:20:16. > :20:19.They've only just started so they have taken a stand this year at the
:20:20. > :20:24.Islamic salon in Paris. You might think in the home of fashion and of
:20:25. > :20:30.six million Muslims, modest chic would be thriving in France. But you
:20:31. > :20:35.would be wrong. It's one of very few French labels in the business. There
:20:36. > :20:40.is a particular context in France that makes Islamic fashion more
:20:41. > :20:43.problematic here than other countries because the principals of
:20:44. > :20:47.women's rights and banishing religion from the public space,
:20:48. > :20:52.these principles are taken seriously indeed here. In other countries it
:20:53. > :20:58.may be individual freedom of choice, that's the clinching argument. Here,
:20:59. > :21:03.it's whether Islamic fashion is an affront to collective civic values.
:21:04. > :21:07.It's a matter on which many people in France feel very strongly. As
:21:08. > :21:12.more international brands begin to tap into the lucrative Muslim
:21:13. > :21:22.market, slois voice -- voices here say so-called modest dress is a
:21:23. > :21:26.backward step, a symbol of female subjugation. There is something
:21:27. > :21:30.disturbing about that notion of Islamic fashion, because Islam is a
:21:31. > :21:34.religion, so what are religions to feminists like me? They're
:21:35. > :21:40.organisations that are created by men, organised by men, led by men.
:21:41. > :21:43.And that are trying to impose on women a certain behaviour that's
:21:44. > :21:55.considered appropriate or modest as they put it. Such arguments
:21:56. > :22:00.infuriate these sisters who say they find secular France suffocating in
:22:01. > :22:06.the obligation to conform. They want everyone to be the same. We have had
:22:07. > :22:16.this norm and if you don't comply with this rule, if you don't fit in
:22:17. > :22:21.this whole thing you are just pushed away and marginalised. Why shouldn't
:22:22. > :22:28.French Muslim women enjoy the full thrill of Paris chic? Why should
:22:29. > :22:32.Paris chic be forced to kowtok to religion?
:22:33. > :22:39.In a remote part of south-west China the world's largest radio telescope
:22:40. > :22:44.is being built, almost twice the size of any previously made, it will
:22:45. > :22:48.enable astronomers to see deep near the universe than ever before. The
:22:49. > :22:54.construction of the telescope is part of China's bid to become a
:22:55. > :22:59.global leader in science research. Rebecca Morell has been to take a
:23:00. > :23:04.look. Hidden in the remote mountains of
:23:05. > :23:09.China, a new giant of science is taking shape. This vast construction
:23:10. > :23:13.is the largest radio telescope ever built. As it nears completion, we
:23:14. > :23:17.have been given a chance Father a view like no other.
:23:18. > :23:24.-- for a view like no other. It's only up close you get a sense of the
:23:25. > :23:27.scale. It's simple colossal. But bigger is better when it comes to
:23:28. > :23:30.astronomy because the larger the dish the more signals can be
:23:31. > :23:37.collected from space, helping us to see deeper into the universe than
:23:38. > :23:43.ever before. In China astronomy, we are far
:23:44. > :23:49.behind the world but I think it's a time for us to build something in
:23:50. > :23:54.China and used by lots of Chinese users and also welcome the
:23:55. > :23:59.international users. This radio telescope measures 500 metres
:24:00. > :24:16.across, dwarfing its rivals. The telescope will listen for radio
:24:17. > :24:25.waves emitted from the cosmos and help us to see the first stars and
:24:26. > :24:30.galaxies and search for science of extraterestrial life. It's cost a
:24:31. > :24:34.money dll, it's part of the country's unprecedented investment
:24:35. > :24:40.in science that's on the verge of outstripping even the United States.
:24:41. > :24:46.But in the valleys beyond the telescope this push for progress is
:24:47. > :24:50.causing problems. These villagers will soon have to live in a quiet
:24:51. > :24:53.zone where phones and wireless networks will be banned. The
:24:54. > :25:01.Government's offered them money to move. But some are unhappy.
:25:02. > :25:05.TRANSLATION: The compensation isn't enough so we haven't moved yet. It
:25:06. > :25:11.might be good for the country but for us we are not so sure.
:25:12. > :25:15.The telescope's on track to be completed by September. China hopes
:25:16. > :25:16.this supersized project could transform it into a world science
:25:17. > :25:28.leader. That's all from Reporters for this
:25:29. > :25:32.week. Goodbye for now.