:00:00. > :00:00.refused to fight in the Vietnam war, which led to him being banned
:00:00. > :00:30.from boxing for five years. newsroom we send out
:00:31. > :00:35.correspondents to bring you the best stories
:00:36. > :00:36.from discovered one year later that they
:00:37. > :00:43.had been given the wrong baby The thought that
:00:44. > :00:47.the baby I had been nursing, taking Keeping this facility open
:00:48. > :01:02.is contrary to our values. Inside Guantanamo, eight years
:01:03. > :01:04.after President Obama promised to close down the detention centre, our
:01:05. > :01:08.reporter asks why is it still open? What the White House says is
:01:09. > :01:11.while it is still open, it remains a powerful recruiting tool for
:01:12. > :01:15.militant groups around the world. Under fire on Ukraine's front line,
:01:16. > :01:19.Tom Burridge and his team reach one of the conflict's most volatile
:01:20. > :01:21.hotspots, where there is no We have just arrived in the Prom
:01:22. > :01:29.zone. Our reporter finds out
:01:30. > :01:38.whether climate change is responsible for destroying more than
:01:39. > :01:41.one third of one of the world's most And the battle of the sexes,
:01:42. > :01:51.the Moroccan warrior women taking on and beating the Burma men
:01:52. > :01:54.of North Africa at their own game. Imagine taking your newborn baby
:01:55. > :01:57.home from hospital, only to find That is what happened to this
:01:58. > :02:14.man and his wife, Mercedes. Now one year later
:02:15. > :02:16.after DNA tests proved the mistake, they have at last been given
:02:17. > :02:26.a birth certificate for baby Moses. Matthew Price from BBC Radio 4's
:02:27. > :02:29.Today programme has been to visit It was only when they landed
:02:30. > :02:33.in Dallas that it sank in. One year after
:02:34. > :02:36.their son had been taken from them. Nine months after they had been
:02:37. > :02:39.reunited, they were finally We are overwhelmed, we are happy,
:02:40. > :02:48.we feel safe. She had given birth in her native
:02:49. > :02:51.El Salvador to this child. But he was taken to
:02:52. > :02:54.the hospital nursery and the next She was suspicious, the child did
:02:55. > :03:02.not look like them and four months It was impossible that that was
:03:03. > :03:11.your son? The thought that the baby that I had
:03:12. > :03:25.been nursing, taking care of him, loving him, was not my baby,
:03:26. > :03:29.that he was another baby and then I He was in El Salvador with
:03:30. > :03:45.another family and the children It has forced
:03:46. > :03:51.our families to be separated for nine months to get Moses
:03:52. > :04:00.his birth certificate and passport. Taking nine months to get paperwork
:04:01. > :04:03.for this child has probably been the most painful part
:04:04. > :04:05.of the entire process. They still want answers
:04:06. > :04:14.as to why the babies were swapped Guantanamo, the name alone conjures
:04:15. > :04:36.up images of orange jumpsuits and shackles and thoughts
:04:37. > :04:38.of torture and force-feeding. President Obama himself called
:04:39. > :04:42.it contrary to American values. So why, eight years
:04:43. > :04:45.after he vowed to shut down the US detention centre at Guantanamo Bay
:04:46. > :04:50.in Cuba is it still open? The number of prisoners inside are
:04:51. > :04:54.just one tenth of what they were, but Mr Obama has fought a tough
:04:55. > :04:57.political fight against many who feel the continuing war on terror
:04:58. > :04:59.will never justify its closure. Our reporter has been inside
:05:00. > :05:09.GuantAanamo to see what is left. Keeping this facility open
:05:10. > :05:11.is contrary to our values. It undermines our standing
:05:12. > :05:13.in the world, it is viewed as a stain on our broader record
:05:14. > :05:27.of upholding the highest standards. That is what President Obama has
:05:28. > :05:30.been saying for years and in his final months in office,
:05:31. > :05:32.the remaining prisoners at the sprawling complex in the detention
:05:33. > :05:35.centre in Guantanamo Bay are It is extremely dark in here, we
:05:36. > :05:39.are looking through one-way glass. Many detainees have been released
:05:40. > :05:45.in recent months, those left behind have been here
:05:46. > :05:48.so long, they are used to the mealtime routines, they have
:05:49. > :05:51.improvised ways of getting exercise, We saw some interacting with
:05:52. > :06:12.the guards. The number of prisoners here now are
:06:13. > :06:16.just a 10th of what there once was, more are due to leave
:06:17. > :06:19.in the summer months and around 2000 soldiers still operate in the place
:06:20. > :06:22.and nothing seems to have close. You generally would not
:06:23. > :06:24.see any difference. Do you see any reason why a facility
:06:25. > :06:28.like this could not hold the same Under appropriate security
:06:29. > :06:32.conditions in the United States, these detainees pose no more threat
:06:33. > :06:42.than they do here. Even the name GuantAanamo conjures u
:06:43. > :06:45.images of orange jumpsuits, it is synonymous with issues of torture
:06:46. > :06:48.and force-feeding and what the White House says is that while it is still
:06:49. > :06:51.standing, it remains a powerful recruiting tool for militant
:06:52. > :06:53.groups around the world. So the White House wants it closed,
:06:54. > :06:56.the officers running it think the prisoners could be housed
:06:57. > :06:59.elsewhere and it is seen by many The answer is continued political
:07:00. > :07:10.opposition back in Washington. They need it to be kept open,
:07:11. > :07:17.not just for these detainees, but the next ones, who will bring all
:07:18. > :07:20.the terrorists off the battlefield. The right place to take them is not
:07:21. > :07:23.into the Eastern district of Philadelphia, it is to a place where
:07:24. > :07:27.we can conduct an investigation We are only shown the detainees
:07:28. > :07:42.in the lowest security wing. There were parts we were not shown,
:07:43. > :07:45.which has men deemed so dangerous, After all the talk, what happens to
:07:46. > :07:51.them and the detention centre as a whole now looks like an issue that
:07:52. > :08:03.will be left to the next President. It has become known as East Europe's
:08:04. > :08:05.forgotten war. And the conflict in eastern Ukraine
:08:06. > :08:08.shows no signs of ending. The Ukrainian authorities say ten of
:08:09. > :08:11.its soldiers were killed and dozens The renewed fighting comes just
:08:12. > :08:24.weeks before Europe must decide whether or not to maintain
:08:25. > :08:26.its sanctions against Russia. Tom Burridge and his team travelled
:08:27. > :08:29.with the Ukrainian military to one of the most volatile parts
:08:30. > :08:32.of the front line on the edge Venture into this industrial area,
:08:33. > :08:39.known as the Prom zone on the edge of a small Ukrainian city and this
:08:40. > :08:48.is the reality every night. We have just arrived in the Prom
:08:49. > :08:55.zone. This perpetual war zone has
:08:56. > :09:07.been largely forgotten. After two and a bit years
:09:08. > :09:14.and countless diplomatic meetings, Russia and the West have failed to
:09:15. > :09:19.deliver peace. Lethal warfare here sometimes
:09:20. > :09:21.seems mundane and monotonous. Five, maybe ten minutes,
:09:22. > :09:26.after we arrived here in the so-called Prom zone, sniper
:09:27. > :09:29.fire, the crack of machine guns, the soldiers here say probably
:09:30. > :09:41.RPG's, rocket-propelled grenades. Essentially,
:09:42. > :09:44.it is welcome to the Prom zone. Our walk through the industrial
:09:45. > :09:52.zone feels like it will never end. We reach a building where
:09:53. > :10:08.people spend the night. Fighting these Ukrainian troops is
:10:09. > :10:11.a militia that controls two tiny unrecognised Russian-backed
:10:12. > :10:18.republics. 21-year-old Dima says he will die
:10:19. > :10:21.for a land which he says is part The next day on a hillside near by,
:10:22. > :10:51.we are shown This impressive network shows how
:10:52. > :10:56.Ukraine has been digging in The country has not lost territory
:10:57. > :10:59.to the rebels in well over a year and for that,
:11:00. > :11:03.Ukraine can claim some success. It's only success has come
:11:04. > :11:12.at a cost. In this front line town held
:11:13. > :11:15.by Ukraine, we meet Victor. His wife was killed and his grandson
:11:16. > :11:18.disabled, both by shelling. Eastern Ukraine is a deprived
:11:19. > :11:32.region, with bitter divisions. The conflict has now become one of
:11:33. > :11:35.attrition, which world powers have Tom Burridge, BBC News,
:11:36. > :11:47.in eastern Ukraine. Germany's security chief has told
:11:48. > :11:49.the BBC that the country is a target for so-called Islamic State
:11:50. > :11:52.and an attack could happen there The head
:11:53. > :12:05.of German domestic intelligence said radical Islamists were trying to
:12:06. > :12:07.groom vulnerable refugees. As Katya Adler reports, the warning
:12:08. > :12:10.comes as Germany sets out its plans for anti-terrorism reform,
:12:11. > :12:12.including closer Secret Service We have seen horror in Paris,
:12:13. > :12:19.mass bloodshed in Brussels. Territories across Europe
:12:20. > :12:24.warned there will be more. Germany's intelligence chief
:12:25. > :12:33.told me the danger is acute. TRANSLATION: An attack could
:12:34. > :12:36.happen here at any moment, we get regular intelligence of terror
:12:37. > :12:38.attacks being planned in Germany. It does worry me that attempts are
:12:39. > :12:41.being made to radicalise Traditionally the German authorities
:12:42. > :12:56.say they have kept a small radical Islamist scene here under control,
:12:57. > :12:58.but with the sudden arrival last year of tens of thousands of young
:12:59. > :13:01.Muslim men, there is concern here about parallel societies springing
:13:02. > :13:04.up and of the radicals already here, Syed is Syrian,
:13:05. > :13:11.his hometown was taken over by so-called Islamic State and so he
:13:12. > :13:14.fled to Germany, but just recently He's asked us to conceal
:13:15. > :13:22.his identity to protect TRANSLATION: Two guys stopped me
:13:23. > :13:30.and asked a lot of questions. They asked me where I pray and said
:13:31. > :13:33.that Germany wasn't a good place, They said they could support me
:13:34. > :13:37.with money or accommodation. I felt uncomfortable,
:13:38. > :13:41.but managed to get away. I know this behaviour
:13:42. > :13:43.from back home, They're always looking
:13:44. > :13:47.for people like me. Germany has already had a number
:13:48. > :13:49.of small scale attacks and narrow escapes,
:13:50. > :13:52.such as this night in November. The German Chancellor,
:13:53. > :13:54.Angela Merkel, was about to arrive at the packed Hanover football
:13:55. > :13:57.stadium before it was evacuated on concrete intelligence of a terrorist
:13:58. > :14:06.attack, according to police. Germany is introducing what it calls
:14:07. > :14:09.its integration law, to try to prevent the deepening of a parallel
:14:10. > :14:15.society which is hard to police. TRANSLATION: The refugees don't
:14:16. > :14:17.speak German, they don't understand our culture and
:14:18. > :14:26.the radical Islamists are clever. They try to infiltrate refugee
:14:27. > :14:28.centres pretending to be In an area locally referred to
:14:29. > :14:35.as 'little Istanbul', we met Imam Husamuddin Meyer, who works as part
:14:36. > :14:42.of a violence prevention programme. TRANSLATION: Racism and Islamophobia
:14:43. > :14:44.are on the rise because of the migration crisis
:14:45. > :14:54.and that can provoke radicalism. There is only a tiny percentage
:14:55. > :14:57.of people who sympathies with violence, but you don't need many,
:14:58. > :15:02.just one or two to raise chaos. Germany's government has opened
:15:03. > :15:04.a dialogue with the country's mosques, it needs
:15:05. > :15:06.their help to combat extremism. This is a country that once proudly
:15:07. > :15:12.described itself as multi-cultural, but now the extremes
:15:13. > :15:15.on the edges of society threaten to It's a verdict which will go down in
:15:16. > :15:28.history and has already galvanised The former President of Chad,
:15:29. > :15:33.Hissene Habre, was this week sentenced to life in
:15:34. > :15:36.prison for crimes against humanity. It is the first time an
:15:37. > :15:39.African Union-backed court has tried a former ruler
:15:40. > :15:43.for human rights' abuses. As Maud Jullien reports
:15:44. > :15:45.from the Chadian capital, N'Djamena, many have been waiting decades for
:15:46. > :15:56.Mr Habre to be brought to justice. Minutes
:15:57. > :15:57.after the verdict was pronounced, These are people who spent years
:15:58. > :16:07.in prison, some of them are still TRANSLATION: I'm very
:16:08. > :16:09.satisfied with the verdict. Hissene Habre sentenced
:16:10. > :16:14.for life is just fine for me. TRANSLATION: I didn't expect to feel
:16:15. > :16:17.such joy, but today I'm very, For the victims, this verdict is the
:16:18. > :16:24.conclusion of a struggle of 20 years They feel that this is
:16:25. > :16:30.a historical day for the country and for Africa, the day the Chadian
:16:31. > :16:35.people put a dictator in prison. Hissene Habre was sentenced to life
:16:36. > :16:38.imprisonment for crimes During his time in office it's
:16:39. > :16:45.estimated 40,000 people were killed. TRANSLATION: When we dug a hole,
:16:46. > :16:48.we would put two bodies inside. On the other side, the same thing,
:16:49. > :17:00.two bodies. Usman was a prisoner during Habre's
:17:01. > :17:02.rule. Every day, for two years, he says
:17:03. > :17:12.he buried at least six people. TRANSLATION: I don't know why
:17:13. > :17:15.people were arrested or executed. What I know is that they accused me
:17:16. > :17:20.of being involved in politics, but Thousands of files
:17:21. > :17:24.on the regime's prisoners were found Among them, 800 death certificates,
:17:25. > :17:27.including one that says the prisoner died "while being
:17:28. > :17:36.forced to reveal certain truths." It consists
:17:37. > :17:38.in tying two sticks together around the victim's head, often
:17:39. > :17:41.inflicting lasting brain damage. This man drew several torture
:17:42. > :17:43.techniques for the judges to see. TRANSLATION: When I look
:17:44. > :17:49.at these drawings, it's like I'm When I draw this in particular,
:17:50. > :17:59.I remember how they climbed on my back and shouted, "savage,
:18:00. > :18:01.you can just die." The victims say they will remain
:18:02. > :18:04.scarred for life, but that this verdict allows them to
:18:05. > :18:10.look forwards. TRANSLATION: What we have suffered
:18:11. > :18:13.can never happen again in Chad. What we want here, more than
:18:14. > :18:19.anything else, is stability, What happened with Hissene
:18:20. > :18:25.Habre was enough for us. This trial is significant
:18:26. > :18:27.for the victims, it was also International jurisdictions have
:18:28. > :18:31.been criticised by African leaders and now that
:18:32. > :18:34.a local court has shown that it can try another country's President,
:18:35. > :18:40.we may see more cases emerge Now, it's one of the world's most
:18:41. > :18:57.beautiful natural treasures, but scientists in Australia say parts of
:18:58. > :19:00.the Great Barrier Reef are dying. More than a third
:19:01. > :19:02.of the coral has been destroyed by what researchers say is the most
:19:03. > :19:06.extreme case of mass bleaching they have ever measured, and they're
:19:07. > :19:08.blaming it on climate change. Jon Donnison reports now
:19:09. > :19:10.on Australia's disappearing coral This is what the Great Barrier Reef
:19:11. > :19:13.is supposed to look like - a vast underwater
:19:14. > :19:21.multi-coloured wonderland. But this is how much of it
:19:22. > :19:27.looks today - pale and sickly. The latest research showing that
:19:28. > :19:30.in parts coral bleaching has left It happens when warmer water causes
:19:31. > :19:36.the coral to weaken and lose the colourful algae that
:19:37. > :19:41.provide oxygen and nutrients. It's because of the increases
:19:42. > :19:49.in the sea surface temperatures This year was a very, very dry year
:19:50. > :19:54.for the northern part of the All these factors came together to
:19:55. > :20:00.really produce one of the most dramatic coral bleaching events
:20:01. > :20:03.that's ever occurred on the Great Australia is one of the world's
:20:04. > :20:07.largest per capita emitters of greenhouse gases, but the
:20:08. > :20:10.government here denies it's not done enough to protect the reef and cites
:20:11. > :20:16.the UN's World Heritage Committee. The German Chairman of the committee
:20:17. > :20:19.said that our management - that's to say Australia's management - of the
:20:20. > :20:22.Great Barrier Reef was a world-class So there is no question that
:20:23. > :20:31.we are doing a good job. A month away from a general
:20:32. > :20:34.election, Australia's politicians Announcing a $400 million plan to
:20:35. > :20:43.protect the reef if elected, the opposition Labour Party accused
:20:44. > :20:46.the government of being in denial on climate change issues, even of
:20:47. > :20:49.censoring a UN report out last week and pressuring officials to remove
:20:50. > :20:52.references that were critical We see the effects of climate change
:20:53. > :21:01.and we have a government currently in Canberra who,
:21:02. > :21:03.despite Mr Turnbull's protestations, We see a government who managed to
:21:04. > :21:11.censor the Unesco report This is a government who doesn't
:21:12. > :21:16.want to hear the problem, they just want to stop anyone else
:21:17. > :21:19.talking about the issue. Short-term politics though will not
:21:20. > :21:21.save the Great Barrier Reef, it will take decades to recover
:21:22. > :21:26.from the damage already done. Many environmentalists are now
:21:27. > :21:28.warning that one of the seven natural wonders
:21:29. > :21:31.of the world might not be around Finally, for centuries the Berber
:21:32. > :21:43.men of North Africa have proved their worth in the dangerous sport
:21:44. > :21:48.of Fantasia where teams of riders on horseback charge together, firing
:21:49. > :21:51.their rifles in unison, but now, for the first time,
:21:52. > :21:54.women have been taking them on. Sahar Zand has met some of
:21:55. > :21:58.the Moroccan warrior women who are Fantasia, a centuries old Moroccan
:21:59. > :22:14.tradition, a way for Berber men to show-off their masculinity -
:22:15. > :22:16.horsemanship and warfare. But, in the recent years,
:22:17. > :22:18.all-women troops are taking the This is the leader
:22:19. > :22:24.of an all-female troop and today they are the only women competing
:22:25. > :22:30.in this regional Fantasia. By doing Fantasia,
:22:31. > :22:33.how different do you think the image you're giving out to the world is to
:22:34. > :22:36.what they think a normal Arab or Before starting to do Fantasia,
:22:37. > :22:44.I said that women were just cooking, keeping the house,
:22:45. > :22:46.but now as women ride horse, Did you not think maybe you
:22:47. > :23:13.can't do it because no other When you first started Fantasia,
:23:14. > :23:20.how did men react to you? That sounds horrible,
:23:21. > :23:41.did that not put you off? They're different to the rest
:23:42. > :23:46.of the girls, How did you find the girls
:23:47. > :24:09.in your troop? The mother is putting soil
:24:10. > :24:25.in their boots for good luck. I am nervous for them,
:24:26. > :24:40.my heart is beating. The aim is for the whole team to
:24:41. > :24:42.charge and shoot simultaneously, a reflection of the Berber history
:24:43. > :24:53.and culture on the battlefield. The winners are announced,
:24:54. > :24:56.and the girls won. Although women can compete
:24:57. > :25:01.in regional competitions like this, they are still banned
:25:02. > :25:04.from competing at national level. That's all from Reporters
:25:05. > :25:12.for this week. From me, Philippa Thomas,
:25:13. > :25:34.goodbye for now. Yesterday sunshine wasn't spread
:25:35. > :25:43.particularly far and wide, but there will be more sunshine
:25:44. > :25:46.on offer for today.