:00:00. > :00:16.I will be back at the top of the hour. Now, it is time for Reporters.
:00:17. > :00:18.Welcome to Reporters. I'm Alice Baxter.
:00:19. > :00:22.From here in the world's newsroom, we send out the
:00:23. > :00:25.correspondents to bring you the best stories from across the globe.
:00:26. > :00:34.Mark Urban reports on Turkey's returned to
:00:35. > :00:37.democracy in President Erdogan's own inimitable way.
:00:38. > :00:40.In the aftermath of the coup, President Erdogan and his
:00:41. > :00:44.supporters and the police and elsewhere want revenge.
:00:45. > :00:46.They are cracking down on what they call the
:00:47. > :01:03.forces close in on the stronghold of so-called Islamic State in Mosul.
:01:04. > :01:09.Lyse Doucet reports from the front line
:01:10. > :01:15.These people escaped with their lives but more and more Iraqis
:01:16. > :01:17.are now entering a different kind of hell.
:01:18. > :01:19.You feel like you are going to faint.
:01:20. > :01:21.We meet the Kenyan girls who fled their families to escape the
:01:22. > :01:24.horrors of female genital mutilation.
:01:25. > :01:26.These girls risked their lives running away but here, they
:01:27. > :01:30.They are getting an education and they are no longer at
:01:31. > :01:34.And Asia's new food heaven as Singapore gets
:01:35. > :01:38.We meet the chefs competing for its first stars.
:01:39. > :01:41.My mindset is fixed on being a chef opening a very
:01:42. > :01:44.big restaurant and to inspire others, like Gordon Ramsay inspired
:01:45. > :02:10.It was the coup that collapsed within just 14 hours.
:02:11. > :02:13.It caused hundreds of deaths but did almost the exact opposite of what it
:02:14. > :02:15.leaders had set out to achieve, strengthening the position
:02:16. > :02:18.of Turkey's President Recep Tayyip Erdogan and giving him a pretext
:02:19. > :02:21.Tens of thousands of people have been arrested.
:02:22. > :02:24.Turkey is a Nato member and a pivotal nation in the fight
:02:25. > :02:29.against Isis and in the Syrian war and in the migrant crisis.
:02:30. > :02:30.It is now under a three-month state of emergency.
:02:31. > :02:32.Mark Urban managed to get to Ankara just after the queue ended
:02:33. > :02:39.Plenty of lives have been smashed here in the last few days.
:02:40. > :02:43.At this mosque, relatives of eight policemen killed on Friday
:02:44. > :02:47.This moment of national crisis, those already bereaved must hope
:02:48. > :02:56.TRANSLATION: My child was 19 years old.
:02:57. > :03:07.Phalanxes of police were on hand and hundreds of supporters
:03:08. > :03:16.But the public at large have been held back.
:03:17. > :03:20.The trouble may not be over and in waves of arrests,
:03:21. > :03:23.Turkey's leader has called into question the loyalty
:03:24. > :03:31.In the aftermath of the coup, President Erdogan and his
:03:32. > :03:34.supporters in the police and elsewhere want revenge.
:03:35. > :03:37.They are cracking down on what they call the Gulenist movement.
:03:38. > :03:45.The response has been swift and hard.
:03:46. > :03:48.These chiefs from military intelligence accused
:03:49. > :03:52.of being plotters bandaged and battered and
:03:53. > :03:57.They are accused of supporting the so-called Gulenist Network,
:03:58. > :04:01.sympathisers of Turkish Islamic cleric Fethullah Gullen.
:04:02. > :04:06.But the scale of arrests prompts opposition scepticism.
:04:07. > :04:14.That is why there is a big question mark over this executive order
:04:15. > :04:21.expelling all of them from the army, from the police, from the judiciary.
:04:22. > :04:27.At Ankara's police HQ, evidence of how intense
:04:28. > :04:34.The coup plotters attacked it first with a helicopter and then bonded
:04:35. > :04:38.from a jet fighter before approaching it from the ground.
:04:39. > :04:41.While all the time, police inside help out.
:04:42. > :04:58.What triggered the coup and how could thousands of judges,
:04:59. > :05:01.army people and police now arrested or dismissed already be found
:05:02. > :05:04.The list for a crackdown had already been prepared,
:05:05. > :05:05.a senior government MP has confirmed.
:05:06. > :05:09.TRANSLATION: We were getting ready for them, we have been gathering
:05:10. > :05:11.evidence against them for the last three or four years,
:05:12. > :05:17.All the political parties want to fight this organisation
:05:18. > :05:26.Parliament was also hammered by the plotters.
:05:27. > :05:31.Supporters of all parties united in opposition to the coup
:05:32. > :05:35.but now the governing party with its explanation
:05:36. > :05:39.of the conspiracy it's thwarted seeks to reap
:05:40. > :05:46.Having struck so many of the Turkish state and of course the parliament
:05:47. > :05:50.itself, it is up hard to see the plotters as acting in any way
:05:51. > :05:57.The opposition United against them and many Turks seem ready to accept
:05:58. > :06:02.the government line that these plotters were members of a secret
:06:03. > :06:06.sect as parallel structure, the Gulenist movement.
:06:07. > :06:11.But how credible is it that thousands of soldiers and police,
:06:12. > :06:15.as well as a big slice of the high command would support a banned
:06:16. > :06:21.The opposition accuse Erdogan of finding a pretext of a wholesale
:06:22. > :06:24.clearout of anyone suspected of disloyalty.
:06:25. > :06:29.He is the one polarising society, dividing the society.
:06:30. > :06:37.Using half the population in his own policy's favour
:06:38. > :06:43.and the rest are feeling excluded, second-class citizens.
:06:44. > :06:50.At the funeral of Ankara police killed on Friday, Erdogan supporters
:06:51. > :06:54.in the crowd chanted for the plotters to get
:06:55. > :07:01.A senior member of his party has told us it won't happen but evidence
:07:02. > :07:05.of the Gulenist movement's role in the coup will be produced.
:07:06. > :07:13.TRANSLATION: We are patient but our patience has run out.
:07:14. > :07:17.Everything we do, we will do legally.
:07:18. > :07:23.In the aftermath of what many Turks are calling The Event,
:07:24. > :07:28.the country's rulers seek to channel their supporters' righteous anger.
:07:29. > :07:32.While the wider Turkish public or foreigners might question this,
:07:33. > :07:36.the purge is now on the way and Erdogan's people are determined
:07:37. > :07:46.To Iraq now whether battle to recapture territory controlled
:07:47. > :07:51.by the so-called Islamic State is making steady progress.
:07:52. > :07:55.Late last month, Iraqi forces seized the city of Fallujah.
:07:56. > :07:59.Now they are closer to the IS stronghold
:08:00. > :08:05.But as the campaign intensifies, there is growing concern
:08:06. > :08:08.about the country's humanitarian crisis.
:08:09. > :08:12.3.5 million people are now displaced.
:08:13. > :08:15.Lyse Doucet has been out on the front line with Iraqi forces
:08:16. > :08:28.A gunner on guard, leaving Baghdad and flying north to see the Iraqi
:08:29. > :08:35.We are travelling with the army chief to see the latest
:08:36. > :08:41.battlefield success against so-called Islamic State.
:08:42. > :08:44.IS's black fire still burn on the horizon.
:08:45. > :08:48.But Iraq's flag flies here now, in ghostly villages.
:08:49. > :08:53.Houses half built, fields without farmers.
:08:54. > :08:59.Corpses of IS fighters here, and buried.
:09:00. > :09:14.And then, like a desert oasis, Tigris is in sight.
:09:15. > :09:17.This crossing was once a key IS supply route.
:09:18. > :09:19.Now, a newly built bridge will hasten the army's
:09:20. > :09:24.The enemy's de facto capital is just 40 miles away.
:09:25. > :09:27.It will be the hardest of battles against IS - Daesh as it is called.
:09:28. > :09:31.TRANSLATION: We think Daesh will collapse.
:09:32. > :09:38.Our orders are to liberate every square inch of Iraq.
:09:39. > :09:42.We are determined to eliminate Daesh by the end of the year.
:09:43. > :09:48.They are getting advice from Western armies,
:09:49. > :09:52.The Iraqis insist they will do the fighting.
:09:53. > :09:56.We have all the equipment but we need the green light from US
:09:57. > :10:00.forces to say do the operation and we need the jet fighters
:10:01. > :10:09.A short distance away, families fleeing the fighting further north.
:10:10. > :10:22.Most have only the clothes they wear.
:10:23. > :10:30.19-year-old Jasham heads his family now, a dozen to care for.
:10:31. > :10:45.There is a human cost in the war against a so-called Islamic State,
:10:46. > :10:51.These people escaped with their lives but more and more
:10:52. > :10:55.Iraqis are now entering a different kind of hell.
:10:56. > :10:58.And as the campaign from Mosul intensifies,
:10:59. > :11:07.Iraq is struggling to take back its land,
:11:08. > :11:13.To do that, it needs the world's help.
:11:14. > :11:17.Yet again this week, this week France was in mourning.
:11:18. > :11:21.Following the third major terror attack on French soil in Nice.
:11:22. > :11:23.After that on the Charlie Hebdo offices in January last
:11:24. > :11:26.year and the Bataclan attacks of November.
:11:27. > :11:30.So, why is France in particular being targeted and can it ever do
:11:31. > :11:36.John Simpson examines the unique security
:11:37. > :11:44.In Nice Cathedral, the nation which now feels more threatened
:11:45. > :11:47.than any other in the West commemorated its dead.
:11:48. > :11:51.In the last 18 months, more than 330 people have died
:11:52. > :11:58.A state of emergency which was imposed in November
:11:59. > :12:07.The Prime Minister insisted there would be no lapses
:12:08. > :12:14.Ready, though, the opposition senses real weakness
:12:15. > :12:19.A series of hammer blows have shaken this country to the core.
:12:20. > :12:25.In January last year, the assault on the offices in Paris
:12:26. > :12:30.of the satirical magazine Charlie Hebdo, 17 killed.
:12:31. > :12:37.Then last November, also in Paris, the concentrated attacks
:12:38. > :12:42.at the Bataclan concert hall and several other places nearby.
:12:43. > :12:50.The Bataclan remains closed now, silent.
:12:51. > :12:55.If you peer through the hoardings, you can still see some
:12:56. > :13:00.This is a real moment of crisis for France.
:13:01. > :13:03.A moment when it is being brought face-to-face with a new
:13:04. > :13:06.reality and with the way it is being governed.
:13:07. > :13:10.In other words, its identity and its core values,
:13:11. > :13:14.liberty, fraternity, equality, they are all being,
:13:15. > :13:18.in one way or another, tested, questioned and challenged.
:13:19. > :13:24.The street around the Bataclan is pretty empty, so are the cafes.
:13:25. > :13:28.On a summer's day like this, it would usually be jam-packed.
:13:29. > :13:32.People I spoke to were shocked by the new disaster in Nice
:13:33. > :13:38.These kind of attacks are becoming completely normal.
:13:39. > :13:45.We are at a complete loss about all the events.
:13:46. > :13:48.Every six months, we have something else.
:13:49. > :13:52.It looks as though President Hollande will pay a heavy political
:13:53. > :13:59.When he arrived in Nice, people booed his motorcade.
:14:00. > :14:03.A leading centre-right opposition figure, Alain Juppe,
:14:04. > :14:07.claimed the Nice atrocity had been wholly avoidable.
:14:08. > :14:10.A security commission made several proposals which President Hollande
:14:11. > :14:19.France is reacting with defiance to the latest atrocity.
:14:20. > :14:23.But even before the Nice attack, President Hollande's popularity
:14:24. > :14:33.And it is only human nature to want a scapegoat.
:14:34. > :14:37.At least 200 million girls and women worldwide have undergone
:14:38. > :14:45.It is a practice now described by the United Nations as child abuse.
:14:46. > :14:48.Kenya is one of the countries where it is most prevalent.
:14:49. > :14:52.One in five between the ages of 14 and 49 have been cut,
:14:53. > :14:58.But the Kenyan authorities are now trying to eradicate the practice.
:14:59. > :15:08.A warning, this report contains a graphic description of FGM.
:15:09. > :15:16.Most of these girls ran away from home because they were about to
:15:17. > :15:25.In some tribes, the tradition web parts of a girl's vagina
:15:26. > :15:32.are removed marks the point the girl becomes a woman.
:15:33. > :15:36.It happened to this teenager when she was just seven years old.
:15:37. > :15:52.Two years later, her father told her she must marry a man
:15:53. > :16:01.All of these girls risked their lives running away
:16:02. > :16:09.but here they have a future, they are getting an education
:16:10. > :16:12.and they are no longer at risk of being mutilated and crucially
:16:13. > :16:14.these girls won't go on to harm their own daughters.
:16:15. > :16:18.Agnes Pereyo who runs this rescue centre and school is trying to stamp
:16:19. > :16:22.out the brutal custom in her ancient Maasai community.
:16:23. > :16:25.She introduced me to women in a nearby village,
:16:26. > :16:29.including a former cutter, who did a demonstration
:16:30. > :16:41.So you scrape the side of the vagina and take off the clitoris here?
:16:42. > :16:45.It emerged the cutting used to happen right where we stood.
:16:46. > :16:48.It is difficult to imagine how terrifying this
:16:49. > :16:50.experience would be for a little girl.
:16:51. > :16:57.Kenya banned female genital mutilation in 2011, the UN Agency
:16:58. > :17:01.for Children says young girls are far less likely to be cut today
:17:02. > :17:09.TRANSLATION: This is a tradition that is very important to us,
:17:10. > :17:17.Otherwise, the girls will want sex all the time.
:17:18. > :17:20.We are not allowed to do it any more.
:17:21. > :17:23.Otherwise, I would cut my seven-year-old daughter
:17:24. > :17:29.In these deeply traditional patriarchal communities, away
:17:30. > :17:33.from the big cosmopolitan cities, many men still demand that
:17:34. > :17:40.But attitudes are changing and these Maasai tribe cricketers
:17:41. > :17:43.are helping to lead the charge, refusing to marry any
:17:44. > :17:50.We use it as a way to bring our youth together, to bring
:17:51. > :17:56.the communities together, to tell them that female genital
:17:57. > :18:01.In the long run, I believe it will help our society.
:18:02. > :18:04.Definitely it will happen in my lifetime, I know.
:18:05. > :18:09.With just two weeks to go until the Olympic Games in Brazil,
:18:10. > :18:13.the man in charge of security has told the BBC that the threat
:18:14. > :18:18.of a terror attack is his overwhelming concern.
:18:19. > :18:23.An extra 80,000 security personnel have been brought in to patrol
:18:24. > :18:26.the streets of Rio and the stadiums amid concern that the country
:18:27. > :18:34.But as we hear now, police also fear an upsurge in gang violence.
:18:35. > :18:39.Rio has a reputation as one of the world's
:18:40. > :18:46.Within sight of the beaches where Olympic volleyball
:18:47. > :18:50.and triathlon events will take place, armed police patrol narrow
:18:51. > :18:54.alleyways which by night revert to the control
:18:55. > :18:59.They let off fireworks to let us know they are watching.
:19:00. > :19:02.After a quiet couple of years, violence has returned
:19:03. > :19:08.Rio is a much safer place today than it was 20 years ago but even
:19:09. > :19:12.the last year or so, in these pacified favelas,
:19:13. > :19:17.They have been more murders than attacks
:19:18. > :19:29.and with the Olympic Games taking place down on Copacabana beach,
:19:30. > :19:32.there is a real concern that some of this violence could spill over
:19:33. > :19:35.In this Olympic city, shocking numbers of innocent
:19:36. > :19:37.victims are killed in crossfire, often by police.
:19:38. > :19:40.Children are taught to dive for cover at the sound of gunfire.
:19:41. > :19:43.And petty crime invades the tourist beaches below.
:19:44. > :19:47.Police officers warn they might not be able to guarantee public safety
:19:48. > :19:54.Welcome to hell, they're stark message to visitors
:19:55. > :20:10.We police officers are hiding our badges, our wallets, our guns
:20:11. > :20:15.But city and state officials say that with an extra 80,000 security
:20:16. > :20:17.personnel on the streets, Rio will be safe during the games
:20:18. > :20:20.but says the security chief, there is one overriding concern.
:20:21. > :20:25.TRANSLATION: For me, the biggest threat is terrorism.
:20:26. > :20:30.Brazil is not an obvious target but we have a weakness
:20:31. > :20:34.and it is our immense borders, so that is my number one concern.
:20:35. > :20:40.The BBC recently saw evidence showing just how easy it would be
:20:41. > :20:45.More than 70 Syrian nationals able to acquire genuine Brazilian
:20:46. > :20:48.passports from crime gangs and corrupt officials.
:20:49. > :20:55.Training exercises are designed to ease concerns but with 10,000
:20:56. > :20:59.miles of often porous land borders, Brazil would be a soft target
:21:00. > :21:03.for anyone seeking to disrupt the games.
:21:04. > :21:07.Rio de Janeiro is still one of the world's most beguiling cities
:21:08. > :21:11.and will provide a stunning backdrop for the Olympics but it has
:21:12. > :21:21.Now, you may not know this but Singapore has long been
:21:22. > :21:24.a foodie's paradise, and this week, for the first time,
:21:25. > :21:28.the citystate got its own Michelin guide to its best restaurants.
:21:29. > :21:31.In the past, its hospitality industry has been run mainly
:21:32. > :21:38.New moves to hire local staff have spawned a new breed
:21:39. > :21:48.Joel Chow is only 18 but he knows what he wants to be when he is older
:21:49. > :21:54.My mindset is fixed on wanting to be a chef, opening a very big
:21:55. > :22:02.restaurant and inspiring others like Gordon Ramsey has inspired me.
:22:03. > :22:10.So enthusiastic if he about a career chef,
:22:11. > :22:20.he enrolled at the Singaporean culinary school.
:22:21. > :22:23.And that'll be the start of your carrot soup?
:22:24. > :22:26.Joel and his classmates don't have just dreams to be celebrities chefs,
:22:27. > :22:29.they are also here to fulfil a crucial need in Singapore
:22:30. > :22:32.which has a shortage of chefs as well as service staff to cater to
:22:33. > :22:39.Singapore has become something of a culinary capital.
:22:40. > :22:51.Alongside its vibrant street food culture, top international chefs
:22:52. > :22:54.top international chefs have opened restaurants here with a Michelin
:22:55. > :22:57.But a cut in the number of foreign workers, restaurants
:22:58. > :22:59.and hotels can hire, and expensive levies
:23:00. > :23:01.to employ them has made the problem especially acute.
:23:02. > :23:03.So, the government has introduced training programmes to raise
:23:04. > :23:07.productivity and get more locals to sign up and become
:23:08. > :23:17.It is something many young people have shied away from doing.
:23:18. > :23:20.But the chief executive of the culinary school who is also
:23:21. > :23:23.a director of the Singapore Hotel Association says
:23:24. > :23:28.Interest now for the younger generation is they want to pursue
:23:29. > :23:31.their dreams and it is not just what my parents want
:23:32. > :23:39.With a government support, to encourage more people
:23:40. > :23:45.to join this industry, I think it is wonderful.
:23:46. > :23:48.Because of all this, I think we have seen
:23:49. > :23:50.an increase of 10% and I think that is pretty good.
:23:51. > :23:53.The rise in the school's intake could go a little way to fixing
:23:54. > :23:56.the problem but it will take many more young people with Joel's
:23:57. > :23:58.enthusiasm to help reduce Singapore's reliance
:23:59. > :24:03.It has the highest proportion of foreign workers and weaning
:24:04. > :24:08.itself off them to recruit home-grown talent will continue
:24:09. > :24:14.That all looks delicious, doesn't it?
:24:15. > :24:18.That is all from Reporters for this week.
:24:19. > :24:22.From me, Alice Baxter, goodbye for now.