:00:14. > :00:21.From here in the World Newsroom, we send out correspondants to bring
:00:22. > :00:23.you the best stories from across the globe.
:00:24. > :00:27.As Barack Obama leaves the White House after eight years,
:00:28. > :00:30.Jon Sopel looks back at his legacy as the United States first
:00:31. > :00:38.I think his legacy to him is more important right now to paint
:00:39. > :00:40.a picture that he did a real good job.
:00:41. > :00:42.But, most black folks are disappointed because we feel
:00:43. > :00:52.We report on Brazil's plans to build huge hydroelectric dams,
:00:53. > :00:56.which could change the world's biggest rainforest for ever.
:00:57. > :00:59.The impact of so many of these structures on the world's
:01:00. > :01:01.greatest river system, its environment and its
:01:02. > :01:10.Tell me what you are about to inject?
:01:11. > :01:12.It's good cocaine, a lot of heroin and some diazepam benzodiazephine,
:01:13. > :01:19.We get exclusive access to clinics where drug addicts can legally take
:01:20. > :01:24.heroin and crack cocaine under medical supervision.
:01:25. > :01:27.A visit to China's most polluted city.
:01:28. > :01:29.We find the worst winter smog in recent years
:01:30. > :01:39.The smog is harming my childrens' health.
:01:40. > :01:43.David Sillitoe investigates how new technology is revealing more
:01:44. > :01:52.What this new VR technology is offering is a chance to return
:01:53. > :02:01.back and see what this place used to look like in the past.
:02:02. > :02:05.Eight years ago, President Obama swept into power in an historic
:02:06. > :02:11.election which put the first African American in the White House.
:02:12. > :02:18.It marked a new era and the start of a period of hope for many.
:02:19. > :02:21.But now, as he says his final farewells and his successor
:02:22. > :02:23.Donald Trump prepares to take over, what will his legacy be?
:02:24. > :02:26.What has he done for race relations, gun laws, health care?
:02:27. > :02:30.Jon Sopel looks back at the domestic issues which have defined
:02:31. > :02:39.It wasn't just the hope when Barack Obama came to office,
:02:40. > :02:43.it was the wild expectation too, that the country's problems
:02:44. > :02:45.would be solved at a stroke, that the first African-American
:02:46. > :02:49.president would usher in a post-racial era,
:02:50. > :02:51.no more black America or white America, just the United
:02:52. > :02:58.But the lingering vestiges of that dream disappeared in the summer
:02:59. > :03:02.of 2014 in clouds of tear gas, in a nondescript suburb of St Louis,
:03:03. > :03:09.An unarmed black man had been shot by a white police officer.
:03:10. > :03:12.It was a pattern that would become all too familiar.
:03:13. > :03:15.In Charleston, South Carolina, Walter Scott had been pulled over
:03:16. > :03:25.Footage captures the white police officer who stopped him,
:03:26. > :03:27.shooting him in the back several times before he dies.
:03:28. > :03:33.At his trial, which ended last month, the jury
:03:34. > :03:38.The court therefore must declare a mistrial...
:03:39. > :03:40.Under the symbol for the black community that
:03:41. > :03:51.I think his legacy to him is more important right now to paint
:03:52. > :03:53.a picture that he did a real good job in America.
:03:54. > :03:56.But most black folks are very disappointed, because we feel
:03:57. > :04:02.The issue of race and another of America's great intractable
:04:03. > :04:05.social problems, gun violence, came together to horrific effect
:04:06. > :04:10.inside this famous African-American church in Charleston.
:04:11. > :04:14.A white supremacist, who, with his string of drug convictions,
:04:15. > :04:18.should never have been able to purchase a gun, walked
:04:19. > :04:20.inside a Bible study group and killed eight worshippers
:04:21. > :04:25.Barack Obama had always seemed reluctant to define himself
:04:26. > :04:34.as a black president, preoccupied by racial issued.
:04:35. > :04:36.But after these shootings, that changed as he came
:04:37. > :04:38.to Charleston and showed how he felt the community's pain.
:04:39. > :04:58.# How sweet the sound that saved...#.
:04:59. > :05:01.Obama's two terms in office were punctuated by the crack of gunshots.
:05:02. > :05:04.You've dialled 911, what's the location of your emergency?
:05:05. > :05:08.Sandy Hook School, I think there's somebody shooting in here.
:05:09. > :05:11.And then this series of random, mass killings that started
:05:12. > :05:14.with the slaying of 20 children and six of their teachers
:05:15. > :05:22.The President's famously cool demeanour was gone after this.
:05:23. > :05:28.Every time I think about those kids it gets me mad.
:05:29. > :05:34.And by the way, it happens on the streets of Chicago everyday.
:05:35. > :05:36.I refuse to act as if this is the new normal.
:05:37. > :05:39.And this is not something I can do by myself.
:05:40. > :05:40.Such violence, such evil is senseless.
:05:41. > :05:43.Again and again, he wanted tougher legislation on gun control.
:05:44. > :05:49.But he failed, to his evident consternation,
:05:50. > :05:59.If you ask me where has been the one area where I feel that I have been
:06:00. > :06:04.most frustrated and most stymied, it is the fact that the
:06:05. > :06:10.United States of America is the one advanced nation on earth
:06:11. > :06:15.in which we do not have sufficient common sense, gun safety laws.
:06:16. > :06:18.But there have been some legislated successes.
:06:19. > :06:20.Millions more Americans now have health insurance
:06:21. > :06:22.than was previously the case, although Obamacare has
:06:23. > :06:30.And the economy, which was flat on its back eight years ago,
:06:31. > :06:32.is starting to boom, and people are spending
:06:33. > :06:42.We have not just come back stronger from the great recession,
:06:43. > :06:46.we have actually built an economy that's the envy the world.
:06:47. > :06:49.And that is an important part of President Obama's legacy.
:06:50. > :07:00.But it proved to be a voter-less recovery where it mattered.
:07:01. > :07:03.And there will be no Democrat succeeding him in the White House,
:07:04. > :07:06.and so one of his final acts was to make a last journey
:07:07. > :07:09.to Capitol Hill to urge his party's lawmakers to fight off Republican
:07:10. > :07:12.attempts to dismantle Obamacare and the rest of his domestic legacy.
:07:13. > :07:20.To Brazil's Amazon rainforest now, where a battle is under way
:07:21. > :07:22.between its indigenous people and big business.
:07:23. > :07:28.The Brazilian government is defending plans to build dozens
:07:29. > :07:31.of huge hydroelectric dams, which they say are vital to meet
:07:32. > :07:34.But environmentalists say the plans are a disaster for the Amazon
:07:35. > :07:38.and will result in more deforestation and global warming.
:07:39. > :07:41.Wyre Davies has been to Belo Monte, the site of the first
:07:42. > :07:47.of the new so-called mega-dams to assess their impact.
:07:48. > :07:52.From the heart of the planet's greatest rainforest,
:07:53. > :07:54.emerges one of the world's biggest civil engineering projects.
:07:55. > :08:02.The Belo Monte dam is Brazil's answer to its growing energy needs.
:08:03. > :08:07.Mired in controversy and allegations of corruption,
:08:08. > :08:10.the $18 billion dam partially blocks the Xingu, a major Amazon tributary
:08:11. > :08:16.and has flooded thousands of acres of rainforest.
:08:17. > :08:21.The local fishing has been decimated and thousands of riverside
:08:22. > :08:24.dwellers or riberenos, have lost their land
:08:25. > :08:26.and their livelihoods, forced into a completely
:08:27. > :08:33.We get angry, says this man, showing us his now
:08:34. > :08:46.We see these corporations making millions from what used
:08:47. > :08:49.to be ours, he says, and we can't even use
:08:50. > :08:52.Building the dam brought hundreds of jobs to the riverside town
:08:53. > :08:54.of Altamira, but it also led to increasing deforestation
:08:55. > :08:56.and the permanent loss of many low-lying islands.
:08:57. > :09:06.Supporters of hydropower admit mistakes were made.
:09:07. > :09:08.But they say the rivers and their energy are
:09:09. > :09:12.I would definitely defend the presence of Hydro S1
:09:13. > :09:16.key technology in our portfolio of technologies.
:09:17. > :09:19.In the developed part of the world, almost 70% of the hydro potential
:09:20. > :09:32.In Brazil, almost 70% of our hydro potential has not been explored yet.
:09:33. > :09:34.Brazil says it wants to build at least 50 hydroelectric
:09:35. > :09:46.The government is saying it is clean, sustainable energy.
:09:47. > :09:49.But the impact of so many of these structures on the world's
:09:50. > :09:51.greatest river system, its environment and its people,
:09:52. > :09:56.Next in line for development, the Tapajos.
:09:57. > :09:59.Described as the most beautiful river in the Amazon region and home
:10:00. > :10:02.The plan to build several dams along its length
:10:03. > :10:04.would transform this wide, shallow river into a
:10:05. > :10:13.But it would flood forests and islands used
:10:14. > :10:18.Tribal chiefs say they will resist any attempts to build
:10:19. > :10:28.TRANSLATION: The government always comes here with its lies.
:10:29. > :10:32.There's not one place where a dam has been built that has turned out
:10:33. > :10:42.These tattooed warriors of the Amazon are taking on powerful
:10:43. > :10:49.business and political interest that want to weaken environmental
:10:50. > :10:53.legislation and fast-track the construction of hydroelectric dams.
:10:54. > :10:56.Clean energy and the promise of jobs versus the rights
:10:57. > :10:59.And whether to exploit or to protect this fragile ecosystem.
:11:00. > :11:05.Wyre Davies, BBC News, in the Amazon.
:11:06. > :11:08.Now, when it comes to stopping deaths from drug overdoses,
:11:09. > :11:11.are fix rooms or consumption rooms the answer?
:11:12. > :11:13.They are places where users can legally inject hard drugs
:11:14. > :11:15.like cocaine and heroin under medical supervision
:11:16. > :11:19.There have been repeated calls for them to be
:11:20. > :11:23.We went to Denmark to spend a day inside a fix room
:11:24. > :11:26.and we need to warn you, this report shows illegal
:11:27. > :11:28.drug-taking, including scenes with addicts injecting which some
:11:29. > :11:39.viewers may find uncomfortable to watch.
:11:40. > :11:41.This is Copenhagen's seedy red light district,
:11:42. > :11:49.It's home to one of the city's so-called fix rooms,
:11:50. > :11:52.a place where users can legally take class A drugs safely under
:11:53. > :11:58.supervision and without the fear of prosecution.
:11:59. > :12:01.There's calls to introduce them back in the UK,
:12:02. > :12:06.so I'm spending the day here to see how they work.
:12:07. > :12:14.It's 8am and inside, users have already turned up.
:12:15. > :12:20.My name is Elliott and I am 25, almost 26 years old.
:12:21. > :12:27.Tell me what you are about to inject?
:12:28. > :12:30.It is good cocaine, a lot of heroin and some diaz benzos just to make
:12:31. > :12:37.Elliott is originally from Sweden, he's homeless and will beg,
:12:38. > :12:48.He injects so often, it's difficult to find a vein.
:12:49. > :13:08.Let's see, alert, euphoric and relaxed.
:13:09. > :13:10.This place opened three years ago, funded by
:13:11. > :13:16.There's always a nurse here to supervise the users.
:13:17. > :13:19.When the users come, the only thing they have to bring
:13:20. > :13:22.themselves is the drug they are going to consume.
:13:23. > :13:25.Everything else we give to them for free.
:13:26. > :13:28.This is just an example, we give to them the needles,
:13:29. > :13:34.Of course, the main thing is to save lives and to prevent
:13:35. > :13:43.Elliott is one of about 500 users who will come here today.
:13:44. > :13:53.It's a safe place to take things and when I take something
:13:54. > :13:55.that is really strong, I'd turn to the nurse
:13:56. > :13:58.that is sitting by the computer and I'd tell them, listen up,
:13:59. > :14:01.I'm going to take this strong dose, so they know what to expect
:14:02. > :14:23.Some people would say that having a facility like this is encouraging
:14:24. > :14:31.It's a very hard life to be a drug addict in this environment.
:14:32. > :14:34.It's a very busy life, people are working to get
:14:35. > :14:38.We don't make people's lives more easy, but it gives people a place
:14:39. > :14:42.But the fix room is clearly not a treatment facility
:14:43. > :14:51.And many people like the users I've met here today will come in and out
:14:52. > :14:54.of the fix room and go back to their difficult and sometimes
:14:55. > :15:00.China is in the midst of its worst winter smog in recent years.
:15:01. > :15:03.More than half of all of its cities are experiencing high
:15:04. > :15:07.Visibility in Beijing was reduced to less than 200 metres this week,
:15:08. > :15:11.increasing use of coal and current weather conditions have left a cloud
:15:12. > :15:13.of pollution over 3000 kilometres long across northern
:15:14. > :15:21.John Sudworth has travelled to the worst polluted city in China
:15:22. > :15:27.Somewhere, underneath this murky gloom is a city
:15:28. > :15:42.And, for the unfortunate residents of this city, this is normal.
:15:43. > :15:46.For the past 30 days, the average air quality
:15:47. > :15:50.in this city has measured as hazardous on the official scale.
:15:51. > :15:56.You can smell, even taste the coal dust in the air, the grim,
:15:57. > :15:59.tangible reality of this country's model of economic growth.
:16:00. > :16:02.And people have no choice but to live, eat and sleep in this
:16:03. > :16:12.It's like living under a cloud, this noodle seller tells me.
:16:13. > :16:21.The smog is harming my children's health.
:16:22. > :16:25.Of course I want to leave, this man says, but I can't
:16:26. > :16:27.afford to, and anyway, the whole country is polluted.
:16:28. > :16:33.200 miles away, the pollution literally rolled into
:16:34. > :16:44.A toxic mix of coal dust from power stations and car exhaust,
:16:45. > :16:48.the smog now regularly blankets a huge swathe of northern China.
:16:49. > :16:50.And it's believed to cause more than a million
:16:51. > :17:01.TRANSLATION: As a lung cancer doctor, I have seen an increase
:17:02. > :17:03.in patients in recent years, especially from heavily
:17:04. > :17:08.And when the smog gets worse, we see more kids with asthma.
:17:09. > :17:12.Public concern has forced the Chinese government
:17:13. > :17:15.to begin investing heavily in renewable energy.
:17:16. > :17:20.Those working in the sector believe China can clean up its air,
:17:21. > :17:28.just as wealthier, more developed economies at once had to.
:17:29. > :17:30.I am pretty positive for China's future.
:17:31. > :17:34.Actually, they don't need that much time for the science research.
:17:35. > :17:38.They don't need that much time to develop relevant technologies.
:17:39. > :17:41.So I think a lot of things are more ripe for us
:17:42. > :17:50.Those solutions can't come fast enough for this city.
:17:51. > :17:55.Fossil fuels may have lifted China's economy to ever greater heights,
:17:56. > :18:09.The former war correspondence, Claire Hollingworth,
:18:10. > :18:11.who reported the outbreak of the Second World War, died this
:18:12. > :18:16.She was the first journalist to report on the build-up of German
:18:17. > :18:20.She went on to witness some of the most significant events
:18:21. > :18:23.Our world affairs editor John Simpson knew Claire Hollingworth
:18:24. > :18:28.and he's been looking back at her life and achievements.
:18:29. > :18:31.This is a national programme from London.
:18:32. > :18:34.Germany has invaded Poland and has bombed many towns.
:18:35. > :18:38.It was Claire Hollingworth's first story.
:18:39. > :18:41.Three days earlier, she had spotted the build-up of German armour,
:18:42. > :18:47.I drove along a valley and there was a tarpaulin up
:18:48. > :18:51.to prevent you looking down into the valley.
:18:52. > :18:53.And suddenly a gust of wind blew the tarpaulin
:18:54. > :18:59.I looked down into the valley and there were scores,
:19:00. > :19:11.That set the pattern for her long career, scoop after scoop.
:19:12. > :19:13.It was Claire Hollingworth who broke the news of Kim Philby's
:19:14. > :19:17.defection to Russia, though her newspaper, the Guardian,
:19:18. > :19:24.fearing a libel suit, wouldn't use it at first.
:19:25. > :19:31.In Vietnam, she was a fearless war correspondence.
:19:32. > :19:34.I am really passionately interested in war and if one
:19:35. > :19:37.is passionately interested in war, one can't help like being in it.
:19:38. > :19:40.Despite her bad eyesight and slight build, she was remarkably tough
:19:41. > :19:42.and used her aunty-ish appearance to great effect.
:19:43. > :19:47.Once in East Berlin, she spotted a brand-new Soviet tank.
:19:48. > :19:50.The crew had wandered off, so she clambered onto it and got
:19:51. > :19:52.a look at the speedometer and the petrol gauge.
:19:53. > :19:55.The Russian soldiers came running back, furious.
:19:56. > :19:58.She said innocently, she was just trying to work out how
:19:59. > :20:04.The next day, her paper led on the new tank's speed and range.
:20:05. > :20:12.She was a pioneer, she led the way for all the tens of thousands
:20:13. > :20:15.of women journalists who are now working all over the world,
:20:16. > :20:20.And I think she was almost fearless and absolutely
:20:21. > :20:32.She remained a journalist into her 90s and last year
:20:33. > :20:36.in Hong Kong, where she lived, her friends celebrated
:20:37. > :20:43.Claire Hollingworth had been a remarkable witness
:20:44. > :20:52.Finally, there are many questions surrounding the ancient stones
:20:53. > :20:56.But might sound help in the search for answers?
:20:57. > :20:59.New technology is helping to recreate some of the strange
:21:00. > :21:01.acoustics of the mystical English site from thousands of years ago.
:21:02. > :21:04.Much of the stone circle has been lost over the years,
:21:05. > :21:07.but as David Sillitoe reports, the technology can even help us
:21:08. > :21:09.experience what the original prehistoric site might
:21:10. > :21:29.People have been coming here for at least 5000 years.
:21:30. > :21:32.So we are walking in the feet of history.
:21:33. > :21:35.When the wind blows, some people say they hear a strange hum.
:21:36. > :21:37.Thomas Hardy wrote about it in Tess of the d'Urbevilles.
:21:38. > :21:40.And Dr Rupert Till is convinced the sound of Stonehenge
:21:41. > :21:58.You here between each beat a little echo as the sound leaves
:21:59. > :22:01.you, hits the stone and comes back to you here.
:22:02. > :22:07.The problem, this is just a fragment of the sound people would have
:22:08. > :22:15.So this is the front door of Stonehenge we are
:22:16. > :22:25.We are coming into the central space.
:22:26. > :22:27.It does change a bit as you walk through, doesn't it?
:22:28. > :22:30.It does, you get the feeling of being enclosed within a space.
:22:31. > :22:33.And that's with most of the stones, well many
:22:34. > :22:41.That's right, so what we're looking at today is the ruin of Stonehenge.
:22:42. > :22:44.Many of the stones have been taken away from the site,
:22:45. > :22:46.many have fallen down, lots have been eroded
:22:47. > :22:49.So it would have been a completely different,
:22:50. > :22:59.What this new VR technology is offering is a possibility,
:23:00. > :23:03.a chance to return back and see and also hear what this place used
:23:04. > :23:08.We've kind of reconstructed it by rebuilding Stonehenge digitally
:23:09. > :23:10.and then using architectural software to reconstruct
:23:11. > :23:12.the acoustics of the space, as it would have been
:23:13. > :23:20.So how different is the old sound to the sound we have today?
:23:21. > :23:27.If I tap this drum now, you hear a little bit of an echo.
:23:28. > :23:32.When all the stones are put in place, a much more
:23:33. > :23:35.powerful sense of enclosure, a slight reverberation,
:23:36. > :23:38.more echo and it changes more as you walk around.
:23:39. > :23:52.And the reason he is convinced ancient people were interested
:23:53. > :23:55.in sound is because of his work in caves in Spain.
:23:56. > :23:57.Hundreds of metres underground, they found ancient instruments
:23:58. > :24:07.and human marks on certain stalactites will stop
:24:08. > :24:23.So today, it's just ruin beside a busy road.
:24:24. > :24:27.This, a chance to say goodbye to the 21st-century and experience
:24:28. > :24:34.That's all from Reporters for this week.
:24:35. > :24:53.Rrom me, James Menendez, goodbye for now.
:24:54. > :25:01.Hello. It has been another chilly day today. Some of us will remain
:25:02. > :25:05.that way but for others it will get milder, due to this cloud that is
:25:06. > :25:10.pushing in off of the Atlantic. The rain will push into the West of
:25:11. > :25:11.Scotland initially. Further East, an icy start within