:00:21. > :00:25.memorial containing the names of nearly 150,000 Scots killed in the
:00:26. > :00:31.conflict is expected to become a focus of remembrance and
:00:32. > :00:35.pilgrimage. The intention is they should be seen
:00:36. > :00:42.by people. They can come in here, pay respects, and actually see those
:00:43. > :00:52.names. They are still doing it to this day.
:00:53. > :01:01.And remember the fighting on the Western front. There will be a
:01:02. > :01:15.ceremony of reconciliation where the dead of Britain and Germany live
:01:16. > :01:36.side-by-side. In Scotland, a special service led by Prince Charles at
:01:37. > :01:41.Glasgow Cathedral. Today the 100th anniversary of the Al wake of the
:01:42. > :01:46.great War has marked the beginning of what will be four years
:01:47. > :01:49.admiration around the world will stop in Scotland, representatives
:01:50. > :01:54.from Commonwealth nations joined the Prince of Wales Cup and leading
:01:55. > :02:00.politicians in a service will stop our political editor reports.
:02:01. > :02:13.Glasgow's George Square. Prince Charles lays a wreath. Forts
:02:14. > :02:21.resonating at Glasgow vehicle, most pointless from a Scots teenager. --
:02:22. > :02:28.forts resonating at Glasgow Cathedral.
:02:29. > :02:34.As I laid my poppy upon the headstone and gazed out over the
:02:35. > :02:41.never ending white stones I suddenly felt so small. So time. Since then
:02:42. > :02:47.my outlook on life has never been the same.
:02:48. > :02:53.1914. Captain Ronald Rose recalls his thoughts. Read today by a
:02:54. > :02:58.contemporary captain. It is a little corner of hell. They
:02:59. > :03:06.are shooting the wounded horses. The men have been removed.
:03:07. > :03:12.Weeks later he was killed. As narrator, Sir Trevor McDonald hosted
:03:13. > :03:19.the huge contribution provided by Commonwealth soldiers. The Indian
:03:20. > :03:24.High Commissioner delivered thoughts.
:03:25. > :03:32.The state of things is indescribable. There is
:03:33. > :03:37.conflagration all-round. It is like a dry forest and high winds in hot
:03:38. > :03:44.weather. The cathedral's Minister, Lawrence
:03:45. > :03:47.Whitley. It was seen by most as a just and
:03:48. > :03:54.noble resistance to evil and oppression.
:03:55. > :03:58.The service was not confined to the front will stop Kate Adie told of
:03:59. > :04:01.the woman who worked in munitions factories will stop they gained more
:04:02. > :04:10.independence, more freedom, they were also to lose so very many of
:04:11. > :04:15.their loved. Watched by the First Minister the
:04:16. > :04:19.Prime Minister read a lesson on service.
:04:20. > :04:27.Who shall be chief shall be the service of all.
:04:28. > :04:33.It was a service in which a single Scottish schoolgirl offered home
:04:34. > :04:38.thoughts from the Western front. It will always be with me and
:04:39. > :04:43.nothing will be forgotten. I will remember my soldier for ever.
:04:44. > :04:49.Remarkable in that it contains the names of every Scot who lost
:04:50. > :04:56.The rolls of honour contained here have been extended to include
:04:57. > :04:58.the names of those killed in subsequent campaigns,
:04:59. > :05:01.but it has remained a unique record of personal loss and to the scale
:05:02. > :05:30.A place of beauty and reverence. A tribute to a lost generation. As the
:05:31. > :05:35.war that was to be over by Christmas stretched across the years and
:05:36. > :05:49.casualties grew, so did momentum for plays with a country good morning
:05:50. > :05:53.instead. -- could mourn its dead. The money to transform a former
:05:54. > :06:01.barracks at Edinburgh Castle was raised by public subscription.
:06:02. > :06:06.It was supposed to end all wars and service building was part of hope
:06:07. > :06:11.for the future. That the nation could go on to better things. The
:06:12. > :06:16.memorial is not about the glorification of war but the
:06:17. > :06:23.sacrifice of the people. 200 leading craftsmen and women set
:06:24. > :06:30.to work. The magnificence belies the controversy they faced will stop in
:06:31. > :06:40.the early 1920s debate raged over a sensitive project. Newspapers slated
:06:41. > :06:44.its location and cost. Some claimed it was a celebration of war. Then a
:06:45. > :06:51.decision gave the memorial its unique character, including the
:06:52. > :06:56.names of the dead. They felt that the names were more
:06:57. > :07:02.important than the whole event. That the individual family sacrifice
:07:03. > :07:06.should be recorded. And the intention was that people should
:07:07. > :07:14.come in here and pay respects to their friends, relatives, comrades.
:07:15. > :07:18.They are still doing so to this day. Scotland is small enough to know who
:07:19. > :07:29.all its songs by heart, wrote one commentator at the time. 148,000
:07:30. > :07:37.names are included here. It transformed an exercise in grand and
:07:38. > :07:44.-- iconography, into a place of pilgrimage.
:07:45. > :07:55.I find it amazing that all the names of every Scot are located in these
:07:56. > :08:02.books, that is fantastic. The memorial opened in 1927. Nine
:08:03. > :08:05.years after the guns fell silent. This grainy footage of the ceremony
:08:06. > :08:15.disguise the emotion that surrounded it. People wept in the streets as
:08:16. > :08:22.the pipes played. Since then this flaw has been smooth by the hundreds
:08:23. > :08:26.of thousands of visitors each year. It is an enduring commemoration of a
:08:27. > :08:27.war which with each passing year becomes harder for us to
:08:28. > :08:48.understand. And that is perhaps the most
:08:49. > :08:51.challenging aspect of these four years of remembrance in that those
:08:52. > :08:54.who fought and sacrificed can no What we can show you is a small part
:08:55. > :08:58.of an interview with Alfred Anderson who was the last surviving Scottish
:08:59. > :09:18.solider of the 1914-18 conflict In the summer of 1914 they had no
:09:19. > :09:23.idea that months later they would if fighting side-by-side for their
:09:24. > :09:33.country. You went to school, played football,
:09:34. > :09:36.we were all together. By November The Black Watch were
:09:37. > :09:41.amongst the first British troops to be sent to the Western front will
:09:42. > :09:49.stop they crossed the Channel in a cattle boat.
:09:50. > :09:57.We landed there of course, early in the morning.
:09:58. > :10:04.Once in position, Alfred had to dig his own trench at full speed.
:10:05. > :10:10.Oh yes. Especially when there are bullets flying overhead.
:10:11. > :10:14.That bravery helped him survive what followed until he was injured in an
:10:15. > :10:23.attack which wiped out many of those around him in 1916.
:10:24. > :10:33.A shell came over our head. I was hit in the back of the neck.
:10:34. > :10:37.85 years after being wounded, the last surviving Tommy passed away
:10:38. > :10:43.himself in 2005, having been honoured by the French people. But
:10:44. > :10:50.it could never relieve the pain of living a generation of friends.
:10:51. > :10:52.Tens of thousands of Scottish soliders lost their lives
:10:53. > :10:55.in the fierce fighting of the Western Front and within the next
:10:56. > :10:58.hour a service of remembrance will get underway at Mons in Belgium.
:10:59. > :11:04.To tell us more, let's cross to Willie Johnstone.
:11:05. > :11:17.This day of all and ceremony, dignified reflection, will continue
:11:18. > :11:22.in a short time. This site is looked after by the Commonwealth War Graves
:11:23. > :11:29.commission. It underlines the magnitude and enormity of the human
:11:30. > :11:36.tragedy which unfolded. This event is one of three organised today by
:11:37. > :11:39.the UK Government. It was specifically chosen because this
:11:40. > :11:45.effectively represents where Britain entered the war in the aftermath of
:11:46. > :11:53.the German occupation of Belgium 100 years ago today. They are calling it
:11:54. > :11:59.a ceremony of reconciliation. A venue carefully and deliberately
:12:00. > :12:09.chosen. The Belgian landowner insisted that the dead were
:12:10. > :12:15.honoured. The memorials were erected even as war raged on.
:12:16. > :12:30.I can think of no more poignant a place. Here in this century we have
:12:31. > :12:41.equal numbers of German and British dead -- this cemetery.
:12:42. > :12:45.Scottish soldiers sleep here also. The Scottish regiment played a very
:12:46. > :12:53.important role. Several Highlanders were laid to rest here by the
:12:54. > :12:57.Germans during the war. And many of The Black Watch, who were back here
:12:58. > :13:10.in 1918, just before the end. The battle was the first major
:13:11. > :13:14.engagement of the war. Two days before it started, 17-year-old
:13:15. > :13:19.private, John Parr, run into a German patrol and became the first
:13:20. > :13:24.British servicemen killed in action on the Western front. Nearby, a
:13:25. > :13:37.Royal Irish Alliance who died just hours or -- before armistice.
:13:38. > :13:45.Separated by four years and 9 million lives. In their honour, the
:13:46. > :13:52.Duke of Cambridge, the Prime Minister, and the German president
:13:53. > :13:59.will lay a wreath. The ceremony gets underway in an hour. We expect
:14:00. > :14:05.music, song, readings, and the relatives of those in the cemetery
:14:06. > :14:11.here, and also Prince Harry, a serving soldier. They are calling it
:14:12. > :14:13.a service of reconciliation but we are promised a unique and fitting
:14:14. > :14:16.commemoration. That's all from Edinburgh for now -
:14:17. > :14:19.we'll be back later in the programme with more, including the
:14:20. > :14:22.opening of a First World War time capsule buried with a simple note -
:14:23. > :14:26.to be opened on August 4 2014.But first let's go to the studio
:14:27. > :14:30.in Glasgow and join David Henderson Athletes,
:14:31. > :14:37.officials and fans have been leaving Glasgow, after the official end
:14:38. > :14:40.of the Commonwealth Games. The twelve day festival of sport
:14:41. > :14:45.came to a spectacular close, at last Here's our games reporter,
:14:46. > :15:02.Jane Lewis. A Scottish sendoff for athletes
:15:03. > :15:09.heading home. The biggest show in town is over. Some leaving still had
:15:10. > :15:19.their medals on show, although Sammy the Highland cast did not seem
:15:20. > :15:24.overly impressed -- calf. He was a little excited and shocked,
:15:25. > :15:28.I think! The curtain fell last night, but not
:15:29. > :15:32.before a ringing endorsement for the host city.
:15:33. > :15:50.Glasgow, you were brilliant. Caledonia and auld lang syne round
:15:51. > :16:00.of the ceremony of in typical Scottish fashion. So, farewell
:16:01. > :16:05.Glasgow 2014. The memories will live on.
:16:06. > :16:09.It has been amazing. The way things were organised and everybody was so
:16:10. > :16:13.friendly. People could not do enough for you.
:16:14. > :16:20.It was an experience I will remember for the rest of my life. The people
:16:21. > :16:26.were so friendly. You had to wake up in the morning
:16:27. > :16:33.and make sure you had your hat on! Have my little woolly gloves! It was
:16:34. > :16:37.cold! So not everything was perfect but as
:16:38. > :16:40.the city begins reverting back to its old self, all in all, Glasgow
:16:41. > :16:44.2014 delivered. The former soldier convicted
:16:45. > :16:47.of murdering a waiter in an Orkney restaurant twenty years ago has
:16:48. > :16:50.failed in a fresh bid to have Michael Ross has been told there's
:16:51. > :16:54.not enough evidence to support the claim that his conviction was
:16:55. > :16:56.a miscarriage of justice. The former sniper in the Black Watch
:16:57. > :16:59.had been found guilty of shooting dead Shamsuddin Mahmood,
:17:00. > :17:05.in an unprovoked attack. A second Edinburgh fringe show which
:17:06. > :17:07.received funding from the Israeli Student dancers from
:17:08. > :17:13.Ben Gurion University have pulled out of performances due to begin
:17:14. > :17:15.this weekend. Last week a show by a theatre
:17:16. > :17:20.company from Jerusalem was cancelled Two Indian Commonwealth Games
:17:21. > :17:29.officials arrested over the weekend after separate incidents have been
:17:30. > :17:32.released without appearing in court. The wrestling referee Virinder Malik
:17:33. > :17:35.was held by police, after an alleged He's been given an out
:17:36. > :17:39.of court fine. And prosecutors chose not to proceed
:17:40. > :17:44.in the case against Rajeev Mehta, who's secretary-general of
:17:45. > :17:52.India's Olympic Association. The former world number one golfer
:17:53. > :17:55.Tiger Woods could miss Scotland's other big sporting event this year -
:17:56. > :17:57.the Ryder Cup at Gleneagles in September -
:17:58. > :18:00.after he picked up an injury. Woods jarred his back
:18:01. > :18:02.during the final round of the He now looks unlikely to play
:18:03. > :18:30.at the last major of the year - And now the weather. We have not
:18:31. > :18:33.done too badly. Blue skies and sunshine to end the day for many.
:18:34. > :18:51.Staying dry overnight with clear spells. Brisk winds will ease down
:18:52. > :19:00.and we will see Mister -- mist. A lovely start to the day tomorrow.
:19:01. > :19:05.But the showers will make progress northward as we go through the day.
:19:06. > :19:10.Mainly focused on the West. Trying is hanging on in the East. Four
:19:11. > :19:16.p.m., heavy spells of rain for Galloway. Pushing into Walston
:19:17. > :19:26.Freese and Ayrshire. Light and patchy for the Glasgow area. --
:19:27. > :19:35.towards Dumfries. Caithness, Northern Aberdeenshire, holding onto
:19:36. > :19:41.temperatures like today, 21 Celsius. Towards the evening, the showers
:19:42. > :19:49.continued to track North. But the rain becomes patchy and lighter. But
:19:50. > :19:56.that is just zero so for Wednesday. A weather front heading our way,
:19:57. > :20:02.much more heavy rain. It will track north eastwards as we go through the
:20:03. > :20:08.day. Heaviest times in southern and eastern Scotland. Later on, an
:20:09. > :20:13.improvement in the south-west. But it does improve for most of us on
:20:14. > :20:19.Thursday. The weather front but will always do the North. -- will pull
:20:20. > :20:29.away to. That is the forecast. Welcome back to Scotland's national
:20:30. > :20:31.war memorial here at Today marks the start of events and
:20:32. > :20:38.commemorations around the world. The theme - like that of this
:20:39. > :20:42.memorial - is one of a remembrance and a hope for peace rather than
:20:43. > :20:45.the glorification of war. But of course we are still learning
:20:46. > :20:48.about life in those years and in Dundee today they revealed
:20:49. > :20:51.the contents of a First World war time capsule that's been kept
:20:52. > :21:07.untouched until now. In a packed the city Chambers the
:21:08. > :21:13.contents of an oak casket are unveiled for the first time in 93
:21:14. > :21:17.years. A time capsule created via postal workers in honour of
:21:18. > :21:20.colleagues who fought in the war. Their instruction that it should be
:21:21. > :21:36.opened on this day in the presence of the Lord promised. -- Lord
:21:37. > :21:40.Provost. It will be a source of intrigue for
:21:41. > :21:49.many years to come. The amount of memorabilia is
:21:50. > :21:53.surprising. Janice Kennedy, whose grandfather served in the war and
:21:54. > :21:58.the post of us learned of the casket from reading a diary. She was
:21:59. > :22:02.determined to track it down. It had to be opened at their
:22:03. > :22:12.request, that was what his men requested. We could not refuse what
:22:13. > :22:18.they had asked. They have gone through so much.
:22:19. > :22:25.240 postal workers from Dundee went to the front, more than 30 died.
:22:26. > :22:27.These artefacts are a lasting memorial to the men who answered the
:22:28. > :22:34.call a century ago. Meanwhile,
:22:35. > :22:35.the Queen is attending a special She arrived at Crathie Kirk near her
:22:36. > :22:41.home at Balmoral a short time ago. The service is being described as a
:22:42. > :23:00.time of "quiet reflection" for her. Let's find out what the next four
:23:01. > :23:09.years of commemoration hope to achieve.
:23:10. > :23:10.I'm joined by historian Yvonne McEwen of
:23:11. > :23:13.Edinburgh University and by Duncan MacMillan who has just published
:23:14. > :23:31.What was the name here? -- aim? Does it provide a tangible link with the
:23:32. > :23:40.past? At the book launch, my grandchildren
:23:41. > :23:52.were present. The book was dedicated to them. They were showing the names
:23:53. > :23:57.in the book, and that link, it is a family monument for Scotland and
:23:58. > :24:02.important to pass on. You have compiled a People's
:24:03. > :24:08.history. Yes, the University of Edinburgh has
:24:09. > :24:11.worked with local authorities, libraries, archives, volunteers, to
:24:12. > :24:17.build a picture of Scotland during the war years.
:24:18. > :24:21.This place is very special and so many ways but uniquely provides a
:24:22. > :24:26.focus on the work of woman during the war.
:24:27. > :24:31.It is one of the few memorials that has an area dedicated to the work of
:24:32. > :24:34.woman. We think of it in terms of nursing and munitions but we don't
:24:35. > :24:38.think of the enormous contribution on the home front in terms of
:24:39. > :24:45.raising money, conference for troops, facilities for hospitals, it
:24:46. > :24:53.was an enormous industry of philanthropy and public giving.
:24:54. > :24:55.This place was described as one of Scotland's best kept secrets.
:24:56. > :24:58.Perhaps after tonight it will no longer be.
:24:59. > :25:01.One significant part of the launch of these commemorations is called
:25:02. > :25:04."Lights Out" and it takes place across the UK late this evening.
:25:05. > :25:10.Laura Bicker is at Glasgow Cathedral and can tell us more.
:25:11. > :25:16.100 years ago today the Foreign Secretary look out over Saint James
:25:17. > :25:22.is parked and he noticed that the gas lamps were being extinguished.
:25:23. > :25:28.He said, the lamps are going out across Europe we will never see them
:25:29. > :25:31.look again in our lifetime will stop tonight, a special vigil service
:25:32. > :25:36.will be held and the candle which now sits here at the altar at the
:25:37. > :25:42.stroke of 11, the time when war was declared, that candle will be
:25:43. > :25:48.distinguished. -- extinguished. People are being asked to join in.
:25:49. > :25:53.Just leave a single candle burning perhaps. At the military Tattoo in
:25:54. > :25:59.Edinburgh the 10,000 people will be given a special light which they can
:26:00. > :26:02.to off as they leave. These small simple acts to remember the 17
:26:03. > :26:12.million soldiers and civilians killed in the great War of all --
:26:13. > :26:15.the great War. And that's all from Scotland's
:26:16. > :26:18.National War memorial on this, the 100th anniversary of the day
:26:19. > :26:21.the First World War was declared. By its end there was barely an adult
:26:22. > :26:24.in Scotland who didn't know of or was related to someone whose name is
:26:25. > :26:27.inside this casket, as it lists We'll leave you with some
:26:28. > :26:37.of images of this day.