:01:00. > :01:02.rather than allow in those who'd made it to Europe.
:01:03. > :01:04.As the latest migrants adapt to a new life and culture they're
:01:05. > :01:07.grateful they're alive, as Fiona Walker has been finding
:01:08. > :01:20.This is what is left of part of the strategic city of Homs in Syria.
:01:21. > :01:24.This man is not showing his face because he is fearful that family
:01:25. > :01:32.still in Syria will be harmed if he is recognised. Can you describe what
:01:33. > :01:42.made you think we need to leave Syria? TRANSLATION: Destroying my
:01:43. > :01:51.house. I was fleeing from place to place. After a while they started
:01:52. > :01:57.bombing there to. When Scottish people found out that families like
:01:58. > :02:03.hers were coming to live here son decided to do their bit.
:02:04. > :02:09.These people have got together to knit warm cloud or the refugees. It
:02:10. > :02:18.is good to do it because you are helping someone. Volunteers like
:02:19. > :02:28.this are helping the Syrians settle in. He is offering friendship.
:02:29. > :02:31.He also gets familiar food for them. How important is it for people
:02:32. > :02:45.arriving here to get this kind of help?
:02:46. > :02:51.It is difficult when you arrive for the first time. The Scottish
:02:52. > :02:56.Government said it would take 2000 refugees through the city and
:02:57. > :03:03.resettlement programme co-ordinated by the Home Office in London. So far
:03:04. > :03:11.400 have arrived. Smaller numbers are expected over the coming months.
:03:12. > :03:19.This man arrives in Clydebank to visit. It is one of 16 areas in
:03:20. > :03:29.Scotland where the new arrivals are being housed. This is the oldest Dr.
:03:30. > :03:34.She is 12. TRANSLATION: I would like to say, thank you and I hope we will
:03:35. > :03:38.be a good example. I am happy because they settled as with
:03:39. > :03:49.Scottish neighbours to learn the language. We just miss our family
:03:50. > :03:55.because we are far away from them. She has already learned her first
:03:56. > :03:59.100 words of English and she has not got a bad one to say about Scotland.
:04:00. > :04:07.She is working out which are the key words to help her integrate.
:04:08. > :04:14.Families in the same block of flats deleted these scooters.
:04:15. > :04:23.The latter is such a contrast to the sounds of the war.
:04:24. > :04:31.TRANSLATION: We have come from hell to Paradise. In the context of war
:04:32. > :04:37.Clydebank is his Paradise. Because this is the alternative. What do you
:04:38. > :04:41.think would have happened to you if you had stayed in Homs? We would be
:04:42. > :04:45.dead. Just before we came on air,
:04:46. > :04:47.the minister for Europe, Humza Yousaf came into
:04:48. > :05:02.our Edinburgh studio. When I first arrived in Glasgow
:05:03. > :05:06.airport when one of the planes was touching down at the refugees were
:05:07. > :05:11.coming through the airport it was an emotional moment, not for ourselves,
:05:12. > :05:16.but using what they had come from. And the weekend that past I was at a
:05:17. > :05:21.lunch with a number of refugees that have settled in Scotland and I
:05:22. > :05:26.cannot tell you how pleased they are to be in safety and sanctuary and
:05:27. > :05:30.also how faculty are for the warm welcome they have received
:05:31. > :05:36.throughout Scotland. I read an article published today where a
:05:37. > :05:42.refugee displayed Clydebank as Paradise. But is a great reaction
:05:43. > :05:47.and that is down to the people of Scotland. How many more refugees can
:05:48. > :05:54.we expect over the next few months? Do the local authorities have the
:05:55. > :06:00.resources to cope Mr Mac my hats off and absolute admiration for the
:06:01. > :06:04.local authorities in Scotland. 400 refugees out of the 1000th that have
:06:05. > :06:10.arrived in the UK in the last month have come to Scotland. 40%. A
:06:11. > :06:18.monumental effort. We have said they would take a minimum of 10% of
:06:19. > :06:23.refugees in -- that the UK would accept. That is a flaw not a
:06:24. > :06:31.ceiling. We will take as many as we can. Social housing stock
:06:32. > :06:40.availability. I am confident we will meet 2000. Anything above and the on
:06:41. > :06:43.that, apologies have expressed a will to do so.
:06:44. > :06:48.But governments still have to make tough decisions. You were critical
:06:49. > :06:53.of David Cameron last year for taking in 20,000 refugees over five
:06:54. > :06:57.years when Germany was taking in as many in one weekend but is now
:06:58. > :07:00.Germany is looking at limiting the number of refugees. Some German
:07:01. > :07:05.local authorities say they are angered over Wales by that number.
:07:06. > :07:09.Do you think David Cameron took the correct action? I am not trying to
:07:10. > :07:16.discredit what the UK Government has done in terms of Syrian refugees. I
:07:17. > :07:21.welcome that. My suggestion was that the UK Government might want to opt
:07:22. > :07:24.into the EU relocation scheme. I still believe that. We should be
:07:25. > :07:37.taking refugees come to our doorstep in Europe. I saw for myself the
:07:38. > :07:45.difficulty facing those refugees, all of them risking their lives to
:07:46. > :07:49.do so for a safer life. It is an abandonment of our obligation to our
:07:50. > :07:55.fellow human beings if we failed to assist them. I think the UK
:07:56. > :08:02.Government should opt into the European relocation scheme and that
:08:03. > :08:07.would add another few thousand refugees which is still only
:08:08. > :08:15.scratching the surface. It is now a 4.5 million refugee crisis in Syria
:08:16. > :08:20.alone. This crisis has had a huge impact in Europe. Do you think this
:08:21. > :08:25.might have an impact on the European referendum as we head towards that
:08:26. > :08:28.referendum M do you think the refugee crisis might be changing the
:08:29. > :08:34.way people are thinking about the European Union? I would hope that
:08:35. > :08:39.the referendum campaign is not seen through the prism of migration
:08:40. > :08:44.alone. It'll certainly at issue. My advice to UK Government is to not
:08:45. > :08:49.make this referendum only about migration. There are many other
:08:50. > :08:54.issues we should be campaigning on. Job opportunities that it creates.
:08:55. > :09:01.Opportunities to study and travel. But it would be difficult if the
:09:02. > :09:06.referendum was only viewed through the prism of what is a very
:09:07. > :09:10.sensitive issue. But at the same time the solidarity of people across
:09:11. > :09:13.Europe, the many welcoming images we have seen, is a positive thing.
:09:14. > :09:16.Thank you. As a nation, we love sugar
:09:17. > :09:19.and always have done. We refined it by the ton-load
:09:20. > :09:22.and we still consume far too It means adult obesity levels
:09:23. > :09:29.could rise to 40% in 15 years. Food Standards Scotland is now
:09:30. > :09:34.considering the merits of a sugar tax and they're giving the industry
:09:35. > :09:36.just 12 months to think Sugar - it's the current big bad boy
:09:37. > :09:51.that everyone is taking a pop at and today Scotland's food
:09:52. > :10:09.standards body has stepped up The research shows that we are
:10:10. > :10:15.cutting down to sugary fizzy drinks. But we are still taking in the same
:10:16. > :10:20.amount of sugar. That might be coming through ready meals or even
:10:21. > :10:27.tins of beans. But what they are seeing is tough action is needed
:10:28. > :10:33.now. We cannot rule out either regulation or taxation. It is not
:10:34. > :10:37.realistic with the present statistics for Bobby city that you
:10:38. > :10:50.can rule that out. We are saying to Government let us get this entity
:10:51. > :10:59.are many. -- present statistics for obesity.
:11:00. > :11:02.It's not just the food producers the agency has in its sights.
:11:03. > :11:05.They want to say bye bye to biscuit and chocolate bargain bonanzas
:11:06. > :11:09.Their data found half of our sweet or unhealthy treats
:11:10. > :11:20.I was buying a colleague a cheat and I ended up buying clean eggs. If it
:11:21. > :11:27.was more expensive or ' out of the chocolate aisle? I do not think so.
:11:28. > :11:31.I cannot live without it. There are plenty of snacks that are sweet that
:11:32. > :11:35.have plenty of sugar within them such as fruit. It is difficult to
:11:36. > :11:41.know if that is healthy or not. But you somehow think that is better
:11:42. > :11:46.than seats. Data from the Chief Medical Officer
:11:47. > :11:48.today suggested that a woman living in a deprived area will drink more
:11:49. > :11:51.than twice the amount of sugary drinks than her
:11:52. > :11:53.better off counterpart. But the FSS report shows when it
:11:54. > :11:56.comes to eating sausage rolls the poorest consumers aren't
:11:57. > :11:58.the worst offenders. It's the better off,
:11:59. > :12:00.and that is the same for puddings and cakes and pastries,
:12:01. > :12:10.the better off are the ones We need to do something about
:12:11. > :12:14.reaching all the population of Scotland and taking measures that
:12:15. > :12:19.help them understand how to make the healthy choice. We think that this
:12:20. > :12:22.measures proposed today, taxation and regulation, help with that
:12:23. > :12:26.because basically saying that individual environment and help the
:12:27. > :12:31.consumer to make that choice when they see the place deferential and
:12:32. > :12:34.for the healthy choice should be, the easy choice for them.
:12:35. > :12:37.The Scottish Government however don't seem to be keen on slapping
:12:38. > :12:46.At the moment we do not have the power to permit a sugar tax and
:12:47. > :12:50.unfortunately a sugar tax would not be the silver bullet that people
:12:51. > :12:54.would expect it to be. In some countries where it has been in post
:12:55. > :12:56.it has not made that stance of difference that you might think it
:12:57. > :12:57.think it would. would.
:12:58. > :12:59.Whatever the solution, poor diet is blamed as
:13:00. > :13:02.the major cause of the nation's ever expanding waistlines.
:13:03. > :13:05.It's how to effectively beat the nation's love of sugar that
:13:06. > :13:12.Joining me now from our Edinburgh studio is the new CEO
:13:13. > :13:14.for the Scottish Food and Drinks Federation,
:13:15. > :13:17.David Thompson, and in the studio we have health specialist
:13:18. > :13:32.Penny, you saw in the report how so many of us are addicted to sugar and
:13:33. > :13:39.treats but there is so much hidden sugar as well. Do you think a sugar
:13:40. > :13:44.tax would help cut consumption? I think it is a powerful tool in the
:13:45. > :13:49.armoury. There is a need for information for consumers. If you
:13:50. > :13:55.look at that contents of the average weekly shop, it is extraordinary how
:13:56. > :13:59.many products like stock cubes have sugar in them that you would not
:14:00. > :14:06.expect and once you start looking you see this deal of this. A tax, I
:14:07. > :14:12.am sure the sugar industry would say it is a heavy weapon but it is
:14:13. > :14:17.potentially a quick one because in Mexico, where they imposed a sugar
:14:18. > :14:23.tax, sales of high sugar foods have fallen quickly. But you saw Maureen
:14:24. > :14:28.Watt say it is quite a blunt instrument and perhaps has not
:14:29. > :14:33.worked so well in Mexico. Mexico say it has worked for them and if we saw
:14:34. > :14:38.a 12% drop in consumption we would be pleased, but there is
:14:39. > :14:43.recalibration of the ingredients of food, marketing, putting
:14:44. > :14:48.restrictions on that, but information for consumers, if you
:14:49. > :14:54.don't look at the small print how do you know there are sugar in what you
:14:55. > :14:59.buy? David Thompson, you represent the industry, you'd just heard we
:15:00. > :15:05.could not rule out regulation or taxation, it sounds like the clock
:15:06. > :15:11.is ticking. Nobody in the industry is suggesting there isn't an obesity
:15:12. > :15:19.problem. We want to help tackle the problem of obesity and it will cause
:15:20. > :15:24.problems in future if we don't, but we think the measures set out today
:15:25. > :15:29.in terms of ultimatums and the potential for a sugar tax are the
:15:30. > :15:34.wrong types of measures. We want to work with food standards Scotland
:15:35. > :15:38.and the Government to deliver evidence-based measures that will
:15:39. > :15:47.make a difference for people. But as Penny was pointing out, if you have
:15:48. > :15:51.a tax, consumption will fall by 10%. We would quibble with those figures.
:15:52. > :15:58.For confectionery and snacks we already have a tax called VAT at
:15:59. > :16:06.20%. The evidence from around the world on sugar and fat tax is not
:16:07. > :16:11.convincing. It is almost a question of political philosophy, how much
:16:12. > :16:19.should government control someone's live? Given that Scotland's obesity
:16:20. > :16:24.crisis is now acute, we have high rates of diabetes, directly linked
:16:25. > :16:30.to what we eat. This is a health crisis. You could spend the next 15
:16:31. > :16:35.years trying to come up with evidence would do what we have done
:16:36. > :16:40.with the tobacco industry that has had a real impact on changing
:16:41. > :16:44.people's relationship with tobacco, we could do the same with sugar and
:16:45. > :16:49.achieve a lot for the help of Scotland. Some people feel the
:16:50. > :16:55.industry has been allowed to run riot here, like using fruit toast
:16:56. > :17:00.and corn syrup, the Government has been regulating the food industry
:17:01. > :17:08.since Victorian times so why not have more regulation when it comes
:17:09. > :17:12.to something that causes obesity? All sugar has to be shown on the
:17:13. > :17:19.back of a pack as per regulation and many members of the food industry in
:17:20. > :17:24.the UK require more information than required by legislation. There is no
:17:25. > :17:30.evidence that they sugar tax will make a difference in Mexico. While
:17:31. > :17:36.there has been a drop, it is too early to tell and that drop has been
:17:37. > :17:42.estimated as five or six calories per person. To put that in
:17:43. > :17:50.perspective, a slice of white bread is 80 calories, so it is minuscule
:17:51. > :17:56.change. Penny, I saw your face when David mentioned hidden sugars. Yeah,
:17:57. > :18:00.if you read the small print and know what the language means you can work
:18:01. > :18:06.out what it meant in terms of sugar content, but the fact I have the one
:18:07. > :18:11.looking at that small print and discovering sugar in surprising
:18:12. > :18:19.products. That constitutes hidden sugar and it has been estimated the
:18:20. > :18:21.average Briton eats one kilogram of sugar every fortnight without
:18:22. > :18:23.necessarily knowing it. Thank you both.
:18:24. > :18:24.It's the ultimate rags to riches story.
:18:25. > :18:27.When designer Paul Smith opened his first shop in London
:18:28. > :18:30.in 1970, he could little imagine he'd one day have 300 shops
:18:31. > :18:33.worldwide, a cult following in Japan, and a knighthood
:18:34. > :18:39.His story is told in an exhibition which opens at the Lighthouse
:18:40. > :18:51.Our arts correspondent, Pauline McLean, went to meet him.
:18:52. > :18:59.This is the start of the exhibition, and all my shops around the world
:19:00. > :19:06.have what we call art was, so there is always inspiration, from the age
:19:07. > :19:11.of 11 until 18th I didn't have a lot of interest in fashion because I
:19:12. > :19:17.wanted to be a racing cyclist and I was doing OK, I didn't think I would
:19:18. > :19:23.ever have been a professional, I wasn't good enough for brave enough
:19:24. > :19:28.but at 17 I had a bad crash and was in hospital for three months, came
:19:29. > :19:32.out of hospital and agreed to meet a few of the other patients who were
:19:33. > :19:41.coming out at the same time and one of them, luckily for me, selected a
:19:42. > :19:46.pub in my home town of Nottingham that was where all the art students
:19:47. > :19:52.went. I think the 60s was a very interesting period because it was
:19:53. > :19:57.about second or third generation after the horror of war and it was
:19:58. > :20:02.just first-time people could let their hair down and say of course,
:20:03. > :20:08.I'll paint the building think or I will wear flowery shirts. How did
:20:09. > :20:15.Nottingham compared to that? You were still between the two. I stood
:20:16. > :20:19.out probably in a bad way in Nottingham because one day a man
:20:20. > :20:25.stopped me in the street because I had long hair and a flurry shirt and
:20:26. > :20:32.velvet trousers, you looked like a girl and he was right, absolutely
:20:33. > :20:37.right, and it was self-expression. What was lovely was that it was
:20:38. > :20:43.self-expression through how you look, what you sign, what you did.
:20:44. > :20:48.You were one of the first designers to become yourself, almost as famous
:20:49. > :20:52.as what you were making, which sounds like the bit your wife is
:20:53. > :21:01.more uncomfortable with. What was going on? The cars I worked in the
:21:02. > :21:06.shop, I ran my friend's Little shop, did the windowdressing and then when
:21:07. > :21:11.we first started the collections I used to sell the clothes, then audit
:21:12. > :21:16.the fabric and arrange to get them made somewhere, then I had to pack
:21:17. > :21:26.the box and write the invoice, so all these jobs that made my way more
:21:27. > :21:33.rounded, so that is why I think I've managed to have good continuity and
:21:34. > :21:40.progress and also because we are in 73 countries now, very popular in
:21:41. > :21:48.Japan. That is an understatement, I'm afraid. How do you feel about
:21:49. > :21:52.that? I did a talk at a university there in October and they said there
:21:53. > :21:58.might be about 600 people and I said that was great, then we arrived in
:21:59. > :22:03.our little as the forehand and there were thousands of people outside the
:22:04. > :22:09.University. I asked if there was an event on and they said, yes, you! I
:22:10. > :22:16.thought they had the Ron Paul, Paul McCartney and not me. The fact there
:22:17. > :22:22.were so many celebrities who wear these clothes, somebody like the
:22:23. > :22:29.much missed David Bowie. He was a good pal of mine, we produced a
:22:30. > :22:33.T-shirt on his birth date to do with the album because he called me
:22:34. > :22:38.before Christmas to ask if I would do that and I had done it before for
:22:39. > :22:43.him with the last album and I dressed him urgently, not for stage,
:22:44. > :22:48.for 79 or something. but he just came to this shop,
:22:49. > :22:51.and we never gift clothes. A lot of undergrounds gift clothes
:22:52. > :22:54.to attract celebrity but we've never done that, not because I'm a meanie
:22:55. > :22:57.but because I want people to like the clothes
:22:58. > :23:08.because they like them. I made trousers for Jimmy Page of
:23:09. > :23:17.lead supple and, 24 inch waist, can you believe it? -- led Zeppelin. I
:23:18. > :23:22.was 18. For anyone who comes into this exhibition and enjoys learning
:23:23. > :23:29.about your life, what would you hope they take away from it? Goose bumps,
:23:30. > :23:32.serious goose bumps, when they leave, they go...
:23:33. > :23:34.So we started with a little 12 foot square shop, ?600,
:23:35. > :23:36.only open Fridays and Saturdays, and you can progress
:23:37. > :24:22.which sets out the rules and responsibilities so the process of
:24:23. > :24:26.devolution by consent will be fairer and more comprehensive ball. We are
:24:27. > :26:02.trying to find a devolution and more comprehensive ball. We are
:26:03. > :26:07.deploy that language, but something that acknowledges it is a looser
:26:08. > :26:13.union is much needed. And could we be looking at something more
:26:14. > :26:20.federal? How would that work? Tricky that group is listed by peers, a lot
:26:21. > :26:26.of people did not like the F word but I think we have a quad is I
:26:27. > :26:36.federal status quo, and moving towards a more federal version is
:26:37. > :26:40.something I could bear. Before the referendum, I thought the UK
:26:41. > :26:44.Government would have a more holistic approach to the UK but then
:26:45. > :26:50.we ended up with Smith. Might some ministers regret that and want to
:26:51. > :26:56.look at the UK as a whole when it comes to devolution? Possibly but I
:26:57. > :27:02.think now we have the Scotland Bill coming through, we had English votes
:27:03. > :27:06.for English laws, David Cameron wants to look at the referendum on
:27:07. > :27:11.the EU and not have more discussion about what we do with the governance
:27:12. > :27:17.of the UK, he wants to concentrate on that EU referendum and staying in
:27:18. > :27:25.power. The land reform bill is being debated at Holyrood. 49 amendments
:27:26. > :27:29.were tabled, the leadership of the SNP suffered a defeat from members
:27:30. > :27:35.of the conference in October, people wanted it toughened up. They wanted
:27:36. > :27:43.it to be more radical, although that is an overused word, not just in
:27:44. > :27:46.Scottish politics. The bill is not radical, it is like a lot of
:27:47. > :27:51.legislation that claims to be radical but is not and if you look
:27:52. > :27:55.at the amendments it is tweeting, the Government has been trying to
:27:56. > :27:59.dazzle with the number of amendments, 49 sounds impressive but
:28:00. > :28:07.individually does not amount to much. It agree with what David is
:28:08. > :28:12.saying, 49 amendments put Ford, one from the Green Party which was
:28:13. > :28:18.looking at taking away the possibility for people and companies
:28:19. > :28:23.and tax havens to own land in this shady way without knowing who they
:28:24. > :28:27.are without paying tax in this country, the Greens but that Ford
:28:28. > :28:31.but the Government do not support that. You could say that would be a
:28:32. > :28:39.radical move that the Government have not gone for. Let's look at
:28:40. > :28:44.something more fun from stateside. Are you ready for a commander in
:28:45. > :28:52.chief who will let our warriors do their job and go kick Isis as? Even
:28:53. > :29:01.Donald Trump looking embarrassed there. I have always been a bit AV
:29:02. > :29:08.Sarah Pailin fan, say what you like about her politics politics needs
:29:09. > :29:13.personalities, it needs more senior women and I thought she was great
:29:14. > :29:20.value. What does it mean politically for Trump having her support? It
:29:21. > :29:25.means name recognition, everyone knows who she is and what she stands
:29:26. > :29:30.for, I think she is quite well liked with Conservative Republicans and
:29:31. > :29:35.maybe a natural and political partner for Donald Trump, so I think
:29:36. > :29:37.it is good for his nomination. Thank you both for joining me tonight.
:29:38. > :29:48.Shelley will be here at the same time tomorrow night.
:29:49. > :29:54.From all of us tonight, have a very good night. Bye-bye.