:00:37. > :00:43.Good morning. Conrad Black. The former Daily Telegraph owner who
:00:43. > :00:47.has been sent back to prison in the US for fraud this week has not been
:00:47. > :00:52.kindly treated by British newspapers. Why might that be? Well,
:00:52. > :00:56.here is what he once said about the trade. My experience with
:00:56. > :01:03.journalists authorises me to record that a very large number of them
:01:03. > :01:07.are ignorant, lazy, opinionated, dishonest and inadequately
:01:07. > :01:12.supervised, the profession is heavily cluttered with a --
:01:12. > :01:17.abrasive youngsters and aged hack, toiling through a miasma of
:01:17. > :01:21.mounting decred tued. Alcoholism is endemic in both groups. Fair point!
:01:21. > :01:26.We learned this week after prison Lord black could be forced to live
:01:26. > :01:29.here in Britain. I am sure he will be made very welcome. Joining me
:01:29. > :01:35.today for our review of the newspapers two guests I hope are
:01:35. > :01:40.opinionated but not the rest. The celebrities campaigner Shami
:01:40. > :01:43.Chakrabarti and Nigel Farage. The Government has had a difficult few
:01:43. > :01:49.weeks with screeching handbrake turns over its NHS and sentencing
:01:49. > :01:53.reforms. But there is a quieter revolution going on which ministers
:01:53. > :01:58.hope will matter mor Moxx and that is in education, the way schools
:01:58. > :02:01.are organise, the exam system, all changing, this morning I will ask
:02:01. > :02:06.the education secretary whether the reforms are on track, and with
:02:06. > :02:10.strikes planned in schools later this week, are the teachers
:02:10. > :02:15.onboard? Old Labour forgot about the public. New Labour forgot about
:02:15. > :02:18.the party and we had lost touch with both by the time we left
:02:18. > :02:21.office. Damning words from Ed Miliband yesterday, but what is to
:02:21. > :02:25.be done, as the Labour leader approaches hiss first anniversary
:02:25. > :02:28.in the job. His close colleague Peter Hain is overseeing the
:02:28. > :02:34.project to rebuild a struggling opposition party. We will find out
:02:34. > :02:37.how that is going on later on. And there are calls for change in the
:02:37. > :02:39.justice system following the Milly Dowler case. I will discuss that
:02:39. > :02:45.with a former Director of Public Prosecutions. Also this morning as
:02:45. > :02:49.we go into the second week of Wimbledon we will hear from one of
:02:49. > :02:54.the tournament's greatest champions, Martina Navratilova talking about
:02:54. > :03:02.her own return to form after a big health scare last year. And
:03:02. > :03:06.finally... What a voice. Some stunning music from the Maltese
:03:06. > :03:11.tenor Joseph Calleja. All of that is coming up after the news with
:03:11. > :03:16.Kate Silverton. Good morning. China's premier has flown into the
:03:16. > :03:19.UK at the start of a visit which is expected to confirm several huge
:03:19. > :03:22.trade deals. Hours before he touched down the Chinese
:03:22. > :03:26.authorities released another leading dissident in what is being
:03:26. > :03:34.seen as an attempt to counter protests over Beijing's record on
:03:34. > :03:38.human rights. Arriving at Birmingham airport the Chinese
:03:38. > :03:42.premier Wen Jiabao. Today, he will be come pining -- combining
:03:42. > :03:47.business and pleasure in the Midlands. There will be a visit to
:03:47. > :03:50.the MG car plant at Longbridge. It is seen as an outstanding example
:03:50. > :03:57.of what business cooperation between the two countries can
:03:57. > :04:01.achieve. But, like many foreign visitors before him, he will head
:04:01. > :04:06.to Stratford-upon-Avon. Recordly a fan of Shakespeare, there will be a
:04:06. > :04:08.short performance of some of the Bard's work. Mr Wen arrived in
:04:08. > :04:14.Britain from Hungary where he pledged to finance more of the
:04:14. > :04:18.country's debts. On a broader note he said China would support Europe
:04:18. > :04:23.and the euro. Its vast cash reserves could prop up some of
:04:23. > :04:26.Europe's ailing economies. China is keen to invest in Britain. It says
:04:26. > :04:31.for example that Chinese technology could help the UK in the expansion
:04:31. > :04:34.of its high speed rain network. Premier when played host to David
:04:34. > :04:38.Cameron on a trade mission to Beijing last November. Tomorrow, Mr
:04:38. > :04:43.Cameron will return the fayre in London, and once again business
:04:43. > :04:50.opportunities will be at the heart of their discussions, though human
:04:50. > :04:54.rights issues will be on the agenda as well. It has merged inmates in
:04:54. > :05:00.prisons in England and Wales were paid almost �1.6 million in
:05:00. > :05:05.compensation over the past financial year. That is almost �4
:05:05. > :05:09.500 a day. The total includes claims for alleged abuse inside the
:05:09. > :05:14.prison system and compensation for prisoners kept in jail beyond their
:05:14. > :05:21.release dates. Rebels in Libya say they are ready to discuss a
:05:21. > :05:29.political settlement with the Government in Tripoli so long as it
:05:29. > :05:35.means Colonel Gaddafi leaves. Here the Food Standards Agency has
:05:35. > :05:37.advised people to avoid eating raw sprouted seeds after an outbreak of
:05:37. > :05:42.E-coli poisoning in France. Officials are investigating a
:05:42. > :05:45.possible link between the outbreak in the Bordeaux area and seeds
:05:45. > :05:49.supplied by the Suffolk firm Thompson & Morgan. The company says
:05:49. > :05:54.there is no evidence it is to blame. The Sunday Times newspaper says it
:05:54. > :05:58.has been ordered by a judge to hand a recording of a conversation
:05:58. > :06:03.between Chris Huhne and his estranged wife to Essex Police.
:06:03. > :06:07.Detectives have already questioned both of them about claims Mr Huhne
:06:07. > :06:11.persuaded Miss Price to accept driving penalty points on his
:06:11. > :06:16.behalf. He denies the allegation. That is all from me for now. We
:06:16. > :06:20.will be back just before 10.00 with the headlines. Levi Bellfield was
:06:20. > :06:25.described by the judge at the end of the Milly Dowler murder trial as
:06:25. > :06:28.cruel and pityless. Those are words Milly's families applied to the
:06:28. > :06:32.justice system itself. They spoke of the horrifying expense of giving
:06:32. > :06:35.evidence and having their family life exposed in relentless detail.
:06:35. > :06:39.The police chief involved in the case has said he is ashamed at how
:06:39. > :06:47.they were treated. The cry for something to be done has gone up,
:06:47. > :06:49.but what could that possibly be? I am joined from Norwich by the
:06:49. > :06:54.former Director of Public Prosecutions. Thank you for joining
:06:54. > :06:59.us. There has indeed been a lot of hostile comment about the way the
:06:59. > :07:05.trial was conducted, about the conduct of the defence barristers,
:07:05. > :07:09.and the judge concerned. But very few concrete suggestions about what
:07:09. > :07:14.could be done where you have a very very sensitive case like this, and
:07:14. > :07:19.a family in deep distress, who are really put through the wringer in
:07:19. > :07:23.court. It is very difficult isn't it. I mean, the key question for
:07:24. > :07:27.the judge to ask themselves in this situation, is the extent to which
:07:27. > :07:31.the cross-examination is relevant to an issue in the case, if it is
:07:31. > :07:35.it must be allowed. In a sense, even if it is distressing for the
:07:35. > :07:39.witness, the defendant has to be allowed to put his case. Of course
:07:39. > :07:44.the judge is supposed to stop and will generally stop cross-
:07:44. > :07:47.examination which is peerly Eboue Si but the judge in this case was a
:07:47. > :07:53.very experienced judge, a highly regarded experienced criminal judge,
:07:53. > :07:57.and he decided that the material that was being put to the witnesses
:07:57. > :08:03.were relevant and admissible. Obviously it was highly distressing
:08:03. > :08:06.for them. There is a long-standing problem about, for instance rape
:08:06. > :08:10.victims going into court and facing this kind of cross-examination, and
:08:10. > :08:15.indeed in the past children too. Do you think there is anything that
:08:15. > :08:21.could possibly be done to mitigate some of the pain that is caused?
:08:21. > :08:25.Well, again, this is a job for the judge. In the old days, defendants
:08:25. > :08:29.in rape cases used to be allowed to cross-examine the victims in person,
:08:29. > :08:33.and that led to a great deal of abusive conduct in court, with
:08:34. > :08:38.victims having to relive the horror of what had happened to them. That
:08:38. > :08:42.was outlawed some years ago. It can be a very fine line between cross-
:08:42. > :08:46.examination, which is relevant and cross-examination which merely
:08:46. > :08:50.becomes offensive, and judges have to be alert to that. It is never
:08:50. > :08:55.going to be a pleasant experience for people in cases like Milly
:08:55. > :08:58.Dowler's case, to give evidence. It is going to be a horrendous gut
:08:59. > :09:03.wrenching experience, and one can understand the public humiliation
:09:03. > :09:07.some of the family members went through, defence lawyers have to
:09:07. > :09:11.bear in mind, and ought to, if they conduct cross-examination in
:09:11. > :09:16.aggressive ways in cases like that, it can be a serious turn off for
:09:16. > :09:20.the jury, and therefore a profundly mistaken tactic. I am not
:09:20. > :09:25.suggesting that is what happened in this case but the judge has to be
:09:25. > :09:28.alert at all times to protect witnesses, appropriately, but of
:09:28. > :09:33.course the imperative is the defendant gets a fair trial and he
:09:33. > :09:36.must be allowed, however appalling his case is, to put it. So when the
:09:36. > :09:40.current DPP says there is fundamental questions about the
:09:40. > :09:44.system here, you would really disagree with that, in the sense
:09:44. > :09:47.this is about the conduct of individual cases, not about new
:09:47. > :09:52.legislation or new guidelines. is difficult to see what the new
:09:52. > :09:55.legislation would be, we have come a long way in the last ten year,
:09:55. > :10:01.generally witnesses are treated better by the system than they were
:10:01. > :10:04.some years ago, we have scores of witness care places round the
:10:04. > :10:07.country. The prosecuting barristers talk to them before they go into
:10:07. > :10:13.court, which is something that was forbid none the past, so we have
:10:13. > :10:16.come a long way, there is still, it is inevitable some trials will be
:10:16. > :10:20.distressing for the people involved and there are no easy answer, which
:10:20. > :10:24.is why no-one has come forward with a simple solution. It is often a
:10:24. > :10:28.bad thing to make changes in the wake of particularly distressing
:10:28. > :10:33.cases, we need to draw breath. about the conduct of the media,
:10:33. > :10:37.because that was criticised by the family, we don't tend, in my trade,
:10:37. > :10:40.to analyse ourselves very closely, but do you think there is lessons
:10:40. > :10:44.to be learned is there? Certainly the media reporting criminal cases
:10:44. > :10:49.more freely than they were in the past. We remember the case round
:10:49. > :10:53.Christmas in Bristol where Chris Jefferies the school teacher was
:10:53. > :10:57.treated appallingly by the media. The papers will pay for it and they
:10:57. > :11:01.will be paying over large sums of money. I am not in favour of prior
:11:01. > :11:05.restraint of press. I think we ought to have as free a press as
:11:05. > :11:09.possible. The press have to be published and be damned. If they
:11:09. > :11:12.get it wrong they will get hit in their pockets. I don't think we
:11:12. > :11:17.should be restricted further the reporting of criminal trials. I am
:11:17. > :11:20.not in favour of that. To sum up, a dreadful care, but the truth is it
:11:20. > :11:25.could happen to another family again. I think that is true, and
:11:25. > :11:30.one hopes in future cases judge also take all the care they are
:11:30. > :11:36.supposeed the take to make the experiences comfortable as possible,
:11:36. > :11:39.although often it won't be. Criminal litigation is often an
:11:39. > :11:43.unattractive thing but defendants have to have fair trials and the
:11:43. > :11:48.end of the day that is the imperative. Thank you very much for
:11:48. > :11:53.joining us. And so to the front- pages. There will be a lot of
:11:53. > :11:57.coverage of that Milly Dowler case, which we will come on to later on.
:11:57. > :12:01.Some of the other front-page, Sunday Telegraph Olympic tickets
:12:01. > :12:05.farce, and saying the middle classes will loss their
:12:05. > :12:10.stranglehold on places at church schools. They seem to be running a
:12:10. > :12:14.civil liberties campaign at the top. Free pashmina. I don't know what
:12:14. > :12:22.pashmien ma has been done or whether she has been in prison!
:12:22. > :12:28.Sunday Times crime maps expose your local thieves. And an Olympic
:12:28. > :12:32.tickets story and that secret tape about Chris Huhne. The observer
:12:32. > :12:36.middle classes should pay �35thou how for old age care. This is a new
:12:36. > :12:41.proposal coming out. There is one of the many front-page headlines
:12:41. > :12:46.about Milly Dowler. A lifetime of killing says the Sunday Express,
:12:46. > :12:49.suggesting there are other cases involved. Shami Chakrabarti, and
:12:49. > :12:54.the head of UK Independence Party, Nigel Farage, both with us to talk
:12:54. > :13:01.about that. Where shall we start? I suppose we ought to carry on with
:13:01. > :13:06.the Dowler story, it is dominating so much debate this weekend. Front-
:13:06. > :13:10.pages and inside story, and a number of the, a number of the
:13:10. > :13:14.papers. I think Lord MacDonald's contribution was one of the more
:13:14. > :13:20.thoughtful one, this is not easy stuff at all. He is right, that it
:13:20. > :13:24.is always going to be an ordeal to be a victim or a witness in the
:13:24. > :13:30.justice system, in the criminal justice system, the question is how
:13:30. > :13:34.you can, you can balance the fair trial rights of the defendant with
:13:34. > :13:41.some dignity for those who have to participate as victims and
:13:41. > :13:45.witnesses. Milly's sister said that the day the family were cross-
:13:45. > :13:50.examined was the worst day of their live, even worse than the day when
:13:50. > :13:59.they found Milly's body. Wasn't that because of the coverage. Aim
:13:59. > :14:06.struck priv -- privacy has dominated the scene with
:14:06. > :14:10.superinjunctions and in this human rights agenda, this poor family
:14:10. > :14:14.haven't had no privacy. Is there an argument to say a defendant must be
:14:14. > :14:17.able to use whatever tools he or she needs. Isn't there an argument
:14:17. > :14:22.to say that you don't have press coverage until after the verdict
:14:22. > :14:28.has been reached? The problem with that then, is that people feel it
:14:28. > :14:33.isn't open justice, and there, you know, we have for example in camera
:14:33. > :14:37.hearings in family law cases and you see newspaper campaigns about
:14:37. > :14:42.the injustice of secret justice. This is a jury. 12 people sitting
:14:42. > :14:45.there that have to make a decision. Absolutely. I would have thought
:14:45. > :14:49.that could happen without press coverage. It could and it is
:14:49. > :14:54.possible that can happen in sensitive cases but we have also in
:14:54. > :14:59.this country, since 9/11 been moving more and more towards secret
:14:59. > :15:02.justice. In something as important as the criminal justice system for
:15:02. > :15:07.victims and the wider public and defendant, we tend to wanted to see
:15:07. > :15:11.justice done, and not just wait for a conclusion to emerge when the
:15:11. > :15:14.smoke goes up. Very difficult stuff here. What I think is interesting
:15:14. > :15:17.about so much commentary in the papers is there is a suggestion
:15:17. > :15:22.that the police are pointing fingers at the lawyers and the
:15:22. > :15:26.lawyers are pointing at the police. This whole experience was miserable
:15:26. > :15:30.from for the Dowler family from the moment they were interviewed as
:15:30. > :15:34.witnesses to the media coverage to the expense of being cross-examined
:15:34. > :15:39.in court. I think that it is easy for everyone to point fingers at
:15:39. > :15:43.other aspects of the system. It is harder to come up with anything
:15:43. > :15:46.that is really constructive. thing that has been, come up by
:15:46. > :15:53.both the family and indeed the killers daughter is the death
:15:53. > :16:02.penalty. I mean this has been talked about again. Any possibility
:16:02. > :16:05.whatsoever? We have had referendum, It won't come back if we are part
:16:05. > :16:09.of the European Union because membership of that expressly
:16:09. > :16:13.forbids the death penalty. Taking that out of it, I think there has
:16:13. > :16:17.been a big change in attitudes about the death penalty. I detect
:16:17. > :16:21.among the younger generation, there is no great desire for it. I
:16:21. > :16:26.suspect if we had a referendum, I think the carrot -- the country
:16:26. > :16:31.would actually reject it. I agree with it. Only China and America
:16:31. > :16:35.have odd ideas about the death penalty. Let's turn to your next
:16:35. > :16:39.story. Michael Gove, who is coming on later, the looming strike.
:16:39. > :16:45.the last few weeks we have seen government U-turns and there have
:16:45. > :16:49.been, and saying, is this like the Heath government? Is it in trouble?
:16:49. > :16:52.Nearly three-quarters of a million public sector workers are going on
:16:52. > :16:57.strike over pension reforms. Michael Gove is at the front line
:16:57. > :17:01.of this. He has a tough week coming up. The Independent is suggesting
:17:01. > :17:05.he is going to get really tough, he is going to CRB Czech parents and
:17:05. > :17:11.find something constructive for children to do at school on
:17:11. > :17:16.Thursday. I sensed that this confrontation with the unions over
:17:16. > :17:19.these reforms could be the acid test of this coalition. The Sunday
:17:20. > :17:28.Telegraph is calling for major changes to the law. Let's keep
:17:28. > :17:33.moving. Explain to us what crime maps are. I picked this because I
:17:33. > :17:39.think it is one of those non- stories that is put out as a macho
:17:39. > :17:43.piece of posturing. We are told there is a website, a government
:17:43. > :17:46.sponsored website, which will contain the names and the
:17:46. > :17:51.convictions and the home towns of adult offenders, and tell us what
:17:51. > :17:55.they have been convicted for. Haven't local newspapers been doing
:17:55. > :18:00.this for years? The junior minister in the Home Office says he is going
:18:00. > :18:05.to take on the civil liberties lobby. That's you. Not personally,
:18:05. > :18:09.but yes. What I think is more revealing than the information
:18:09. > :18:15.itself is the fact that, in one of the worst recessions this country
:18:15. > :18:23.has ever faced, opposition and government, busy posturing on law
:18:23. > :18:28.and order, often with relatively minor tweaks to existing... They
:18:28. > :18:32.are confusing signals. Tough today, a few weeks ago they were talking
:18:32. > :18:36.about halving sentences for those who admit guilt. Is it possible to
:18:36. > :18:41.have a rational debate about law and order? Discuss. Is it possible
:18:41. > :18:49.to have a rational debate about the Greeks at the moment? There is a
:18:49. > :18:54.great headline at -- in the Sunday Express. My own view of it is that
:18:54. > :19:01.Greece is bust, she can't possibly meet her debt repayments, the
:19:01. > :19:05.sooner she gets out of the euro and reorganises her own debts, the
:19:05. > :19:11.better. Greece has had its democracy literally stripped from
:19:11. > :19:15.it. They can't make decisions any more, they are being told, you must
:19:15. > :19:19.accept this decision. The home of democracy. That's right. They are
:19:19. > :19:22.taking to the streets in significant numbers, there has been
:19:22. > :19:26.a significant amount of violence. The Greek parliament votes on
:19:26. > :19:30.Tuesday whether to accept the measure or not. It is a desperately
:19:30. > :19:34.sad situation. This country, we should never have joined the euro,
:19:34. > :19:37.is being kept inside an economic prison. David Cameron has said we
:19:38. > :19:41.are not going to be involved in the next stage of the bail-out. He said
:19:41. > :19:47.because we are not in the eurozone, we have not got to help. We have
:19:47. > :19:51.already committed �12 billion of UK taxpayers' money to the bail-out of
:19:51. > :19:56.Portugal and Ireland. Through our membership of the IMF, we will be a
:19:56. > :20:00.pink -- helping with his Greek out. And Cameron is backing Christine
:20:00. > :20:05.Lagarde to take over from Dominique Strauss-Kahn, who will help with
:20:05. > :20:09.the. It is going to cost us money. We have the Chinese premier in this
:20:09. > :20:13.country. The Chinese are buying up most of southern Europe, as far as
:20:13. > :20:19.I can tell. They seem to be looking to buy some influence. The Chinese
:20:19. > :20:22.are saying they will buy up Greek bonds. That's fine. It may mean the
:20:22. > :20:26.Greeks are able to borrow yet more money. But it won't get back to the
:20:26. > :20:33.basic problem, that the debt repayment level that the Greeks are
:20:33. > :20:38.facing is simply too high. On the subject of the Chinese... Yesterday,
:20:38. > :20:44.I had one of those moments. I read that the Chinese premier is due in
:20:44. > :20:51.London for talks at Number 10. This sets the release on bail, only on
:20:51. > :20:56.bail with conditions, of eyewear way a few days ago, in context. We
:20:56. > :21:04.have a piece in the Independent, saying, he is free on bail, but
:21:04. > :21:08.what about the other prisoners of conscience in China. I was kind of
:21:08. > :21:11.brought up to believe that with economic progress, will come
:21:11. > :21:16.progress on human rights. That doesn't seem to be universally the
:21:16. > :21:21.case. If they buy Greek bonds, they can turn a blind eye to this?
:21:22. > :21:25.guess I am worried, will we be less critical, less campaigning in
:21:25. > :21:31.relation to human rights violations in China, that set of all our
:21:31. > :21:37.problems so much in the shade, if China bones Europe. Only time for a
:21:38. > :21:43.couple more. -- owns Europe. There have been lots of tickets stories.
:21:43. > :21:47.Everybody thinks it is a farce. The story that has come out today,
:21:47. > :21:51.another one of the great benefits of our European Union membership is
:21:51. > :21:55.that we pay the total cost for the Olympic Games, but we cannot make
:21:55. > :21:58.sure the tickets just go to British taxpayers. We have to share them
:21:58. > :22:01.with the rest of the European Union, because of single market rules.
:22:01. > :22:05.This will make people who have applied for tickets and haven't got
:22:06. > :22:13.them, hopping mad. You are incredible, you manage it every
:22:13. > :22:19.time. I didn't get my tickets, I will blame the Europeans! I want to
:22:19. > :22:25.hear a European aspect to this story. Andy Kershaw. A very much
:22:25. > :22:31.admired DJ, a terrible time in his private life and he is telling it
:22:31. > :22:36.all. He rides quite a positive story. It is not something many of
:22:36. > :22:40.us would want to do -- writes a positive story. He exposes the
:22:40. > :22:43.blood and guts of a difficult family experience but he writes
:22:43. > :22:49.touchingly in the Mail review, about how his life was in tatters,
:22:49. > :22:51.because of marital trouble. And being refused custody to his
:22:51. > :22:56.children, which is a really important point. There are legal
:22:56. > :23:00.aid reforms going through, which would mean there would be no legal
:23:00. > :23:07.aid in custody disputes between parents, because it is not seen as
:23:07. > :23:11.important. To be refused access to your child, I think, is one of the
:23:11. > :23:16.worst things that can happen. You need some legal advice. A quick
:23:16. > :23:22.final thought, Glastonbury. I don't see you as a Glastonbury boy.
:23:22. > :23:27.quite my thing. A wonderful picture of Nancy Dallaglio being taken a
:23:27. > :23:32.long in a wheelbarrow. We thought we were never going to see rain. It
:23:32. > :23:36.is summer, it is raining hard, it is raining hard and thank goodness
:23:36. > :23:41.for the roof at Wimbledon, because the tennis is still going on.
:23:41. > :23:45.Absolutely right. Thank you both very much. We have been warned
:23:45. > :23:53.there is a heatwave coming. London was muggy yesterday but the farmers
:23:53. > :23:57.have had some of the rain they need. Good morning. A short lived heat
:23:57. > :24:02.wave, a shock to the system. Temperatures will peak tomorrow.
:24:02. > :24:06.The sunshine has not reached every way yet. This is the grace seen in
:24:06. > :24:11.Birmingham. The low cloud will get burned off by the sunshine. It will
:24:11. > :24:15.be hotter in England and Wales. For Scotland and Northern Ireland,
:24:15. > :24:19.sunshine. More cloud, showery bursts of rain in the north-west.
:24:19. > :24:24.The sunshine comes burning through in England and Wales. Towards the
:24:24. > :24:29.north-west, temperatures near 20 and 22. Widely, the mid- to high
:24:29. > :24:32.20s in England and Wales. Peaking at 29 in London. A fine evening for
:24:32. > :24:36.England and Wales but more cloud for Scotland and Northern Ireland.
:24:36. > :24:39.The rain in Scotland peters out, the low cloud comes through Irish
:24:40. > :24:44.Sea coast, and it will be cooler and more comfortable in the north-
:24:44. > :24:49.west. A humid, sticky night for England and Wales. Temperatures, no
:24:49. > :24:52.lower than 21 in London. Sunshine to begin with for England and Wales,
:24:52. > :24:56.more cloud for Scotland and Northern Ireland, reign developing
:24:56. > :25:00.in the east. Showers breaking out from the south-west of England and
:25:00. > :25:05.Wales. In response to the heat and humidity, temperatures peaking at
:25:05. > :25:09.32 across the south-east of England and East Anglia. 90 Fahrenheit.
:25:09. > :25:15.Very warm elsewhere across England and Wales. It calls as you head
:25:15. > :25:19.further towards the West. By the time we get to Tuesday, it is
:25:19. > :25:22.cooler and fresher for rest of us, big changes on the way. You will
:25:22. > :25:30.need your suncream and your umbrella, with some storms on
:25:30. > :25:34.One of the most confusing weather accounts I have ever heard, I think.
:25:34. > :25:38.The Labour leader, Ed Miliband, gave his party a stern talking-to
:25:38. > :25:43.yesterday. It had lost touch, it must change and become more open to
:25:43. > :25:47.the wider public be on its activist base. A mass movement couldn't be
:25:47. > :25:52.built by central control, he said. He is keen to take more power to
:25:52. > :25:56.selecting his own shadow cabinet. He wants to choose his own top team.
:25:56. > :26:01.Will his MPs back in? Peter Hain is in charge of the project to
:26:01. > :26:05.overhaul the Labour Party and he joins us. You have come through
:26:05. > :26:11.with a series of concrete proposals that have been discussed, and it
:26:11. > :26:16.seems that at the heart of these is the motion that Labour parties
:26:16. > :26:20.locally have got to open out more to the people around them. And if
:26:20. > :26:25.they want to have debates at party conference, they have to get
:26:25. > :26:29.signatures and show it is a popular issue. That is one idea that made -
:26:29. > :26:32.- Ed Miliband has put forward. We are embarking on a serious
:26:32. > :26:37.transformation of a political party, the biggest one undertaken in
:26:37. > :26:41.living memory. Because politics has changed. We are a party, like the
:26:41. > :26:46.others, still stuck in the past. People don't join parties. There
:26:46. > :26:50.has been a catastrophic decline of all political parties. We are
:26:50. > :26:53.transforming the party locally and nationally, to open it up to the
:26:54. > :26:58.public. And the individuals who feel they want to make their
:26:58. > :27:03.contributions to our policy and our future. Give me some examples of
:27:03. > :27:07.what that means. Take those seats which resisted the national swing
:27:07. > :27:11.against us last year. We did terribly in the last general
:27:11. > :27:16.election. But seeds that should have gone to the Tories with a
:27:16. > :27:21.multi- 1,000 majorities like Edgbaston, or Oxford East, were
:27:21. > :27:26.retained by Labour. What happened? Something important. The MPs
:27:26. > :27:30.concerned mobilised hundreds of local supporters, who were in the
:27:30. > :27:34.middle of their communities. We were able to build a movement that
:27:34. > :27:38.resisted the national swing. What we are embarking on is creating an
:27:38. > :27:43.entirely new political movement. More people need to join the Labour
:27:43. > :27:47.Party, or what? Obviously, we would like more people to join, 65,000 B
:27:47. > :27:54.Barr have joined since the last general election. That wouldn't be
:27:54. > :27:57.a transforming change -- 65,000 people have joined. We want parties
:27:58. > :28:01.to embed themselves in the local community, and at the national
:28:01. > :28:04.level, to run the kind of campaign that Barack Obama ran in beating
:28:04. > :28:08.the right wing fixing and the dirty tricks that he faced from the
:28:08. > :28:13.Republicans, to storm that election. I think we are in a much better
:28:13. > :28:17.position to win the next election if we transform our party in the
:28:17. > :28:20.way that Ed wants to do. You are saying that Labour parties, not
:28:21. > :28:28.just the Labour Party, were too inward-looking, thinking about
:28:28. > :28:31.themselves and not really what was Yes, we were stuck in our own
:28:31. > :28:36.structures. New Labour did not manage to change it. In fact, it
:28:36. > :28:42.became more inward-looking. Ed wants to open the party up. So that
:28:42. > :28:45.those groups in civil society, who want to change and one to oppose
:28:45. > :28:49.this very right wing, reckless government that the Tories are
:28:49. > :28:55.leading, can then look to Labour, not to join Labour in the way the
:28:55. > :28:58.trade unions do, but to have a link with us, put their ideas in, maybe
:28:58. > :29:02.speak at our National Policy Forum, come to party conference and have
:29:02. > :29:10.their say, without having to join up the party. Money is crucial to
:29:10. > :29:15.all of this. 90% of your money... 36% in the last quarter came from
:29:15. > :29:18.one single union. Hardly any major individual donors. If the
:29:18. > :29:23.Conservatives and Liberal Democrats push through these new changes to
:29:23. > :29:27.the law that make �50,000 the maximum possible single donation,
:29:27. > :29:31.the Labour Party is scuppered, isn't it? The Tories and Liberal
:29:31. > :29:35.Democrats are roofless in trying to rig British politics in their
:29:35. > :29:39.favour. Everybody does that a bit. Not in the way they are doing it.
:29:39. > :29:43.They have broken with the whole tradition of the way the Boundary
:29:43. > :29:47.Commission is determined on a basis of consensus, what seeds were
:29:47. > :29:50.represented around Britain. They are fixing that. -- what seats.
:29:50. > :29:55.They are trying to address the question of political funding,
:29:55. > :29:59.which could damage union funding. This is not a few Baron's deciding
:30:00. > :30:03.to contribute to the party, like a few rich people contribute to the
:30:03. > :30:07.Tories. This is millions of people paying small amounts of money
:30:07. > :30:11.across the country, through political levies to the party, and
:30:11. > :30:15.that makes us a much more democratic party than the others.
:30:15. > :30:24.come back to the question, what do you do if this limit is put in? It
:30:24. > :30:28.will end your union funding and you What we will do is drive this
:30:28. > :30:31.project I am leading for Ed Miliband even further, and you know,
:30:31. > :30:35.Barack Obama didn't have... That would be God for your party
:30:35. > :30:38.wouldn't it? We are going to do that any way, but we see our part
:30:38. > :30:41.ther ship with the trade unions was important, because we have a reach
:30:41. > :30:47.into workplaces none of the other parties do, and we want to extend
:30:47. > :30:51.that and into the community, but I think once we have thousands and
:30:51. > :30:54.thousands of supporters linked to the party, they will want to
:30:54. > :30:59.contribute in small amounts perhaps, but they will add up to large
:30:59. > :31:05.amounts too, so we get alternative sources of funding. You say turn it
:31:05. > :31:10.into a mass mem ship party. You cannot be happy, there are strikes
:31:10. > :31:14.coming up and disputes about the dispute, that a third of Labour
:31:14. > :31:18.Party funding is coming from one single union? I am pleased that we
:31:18. > :31:21.are getting funding from whatever source we can. Sure. Because we rup
:31:21. > :31:26.against a big mountain of funding that the Tories get from rich
:31:26. > :31:31.people. But what we are trying to do is create a mass movement. I
:31:31. > :31:35.don't think a mass membership party is on the cards in the way we used
:31:35. > :31:38.to talk about a Tony Blair talked about it once. We want to create a
:31:39. > :31:42.mass movement in which the boundaries between the party
:31:42. > :31:46.members and people outside, whether in communities or workplaces are
:31:46. > :31:50.broken down, we look out ward rather than in. If we can the that
:31:50. > :31:53.as Obama showed we can be a powerful political force,
:31:53. > :31:58.regardless of the right-wing fixes we have to face. Ed Miliband's
:31:58. > :32:01.putting his proposals to change the way in which the Shadow Cabinet is
:32:01. > :32:05.selected, that he can choose his own shadow chab net tomorrow. Is
:32:05. > :32:09.that going to go through? I am sure it will. There are a few voices
:32:09. > :32:13.against it. Everybody believes the old system is obsoletement he
:32:13. > :32:16.should be able to pick the best team like a football manager does.
:32:16. > :32:19.We have noticed that Shadow Cabinet people have not been come ought in
:32:19. > :32:23.huge numbers in support of the leader over the last few weeks and
:32:23. > :32:27.months, is this a response to that? No, it is something he has been
:32:27. > :32:30.thinking about for a while. He feels the old system where Shadow
:32:30. > :32:35.Cabinet members have to look behind their backs all the time, to see
:32:35. > :32:38.whether they can win a popularity contest, or to buy a lot of pints
:32:38. > :32:42.in the bar at the House of Commons, to win votes, the best way to do
:32:42. > :32:45.this is to pick the best people, he has got a good team but in the
:32:45. > :32:49.future he wants the very best team, the team that is able to take on
:32:49. > :32:52.and beat the Tory, that is, why he is driving it through. This is an
:32:52. > :32:55.example of Ed Miliband being prepared to be tough. I think
:32:55. > :32:59.people underestimate him. I think he is getting into his stride. His
:32:59. > :33:03.speech yesterday showed that and he will get stronger. Finally we are
:33:03. > :33:06.on the edge of huge waves of strikes, by many of the people
:33:06. > :33:10.contributing money to your party. What is your message to those
:33:10. > :33:13.people? Should they not go on strike, should they talk? Of course
:33:13. > :33:17.there should be talks and negotiation, one of the things that
:33:17. > :33:21.has led to the this situation is the Government's reckless attack on
:33:21. > :33:25.public sector pensions without being willing to negotiate. Here is
:33:25. > :33:29.Michael Gove coming on and he is urging parents to break strikes,
:33:29. > :33:32.that is not a responsible way of resolving the situations, I don't
:33:32. > :33:35.think political leaders, in opposition or in Government should
:33:35. > :33:41.applaud strikes or condemn strikes, I think what we should be trying to
:33:41. > :33:44.do is resol strikes, I used to be a trade union national official.
:33:44. > :33:48.don't think it is for us to urge people to do anything, I think,
:33:48. > :33:52.people only go on strike if they have really feel they have no
:33:52. > :33:55.option. Teachers and others are not strike happy people. What this
:33:55. > :33:59.Government should do is withdraw their unilateral reckless attacks
:33:59. > :34:03.on these workers and get round the negotiating table, like everybody
:34:03. > :34:07.wants them to do and resolve the dispute. In the end that is what
:34:07. > :34:11.will have to happen. Peter Hain, thank you very much. Martina
:34:11. > :34:15.Navratilova is one of the greatest champions in the history of tennis,
:34:15. > :34:20.and like many top players Wimbledon holds a special place if her heart.
:34:20. > :34:26.From her first victory there in 1978 she went on to win a total of
:34:26. > :34:30.nine singles tiets. Later she concentrated on the doubles titles.
:34:30. > :34:36.Last time she won was five years ago. She holds 20 Wimbledon titles
:34:36. > :34:39.and she has won numb rows other Grand Slams events, but her
:34:39. > :34:43.legendary superfitness has take an knock. Last year she was treated
:34:44. > :34:47.for cancer, then she experienced serious health scares climbing
:34:47. > :34:51.mount Kilimanjaro. When she came in earlier this morning we talked
:34:51. > :34:56.about the health dramas. I began by asking her about this week's drama
:34:56. > :35:02.at Wimbledon and unexpected tears from a relieved Serena Williams.
:35:02. > :35:05.After the match, even Serena said that was unexpected. She was
:35:05. > :35:10.overcome just happy to be here because of everything that she has
:35:10. > :35:13.gone through with her injury to her foot and then had a embolism, and
:35:14. > :35:18.home toe ma, had to have surgery, could have been a life-threatening
:35:18. > :35:23.situation, so she was just happy to be playing tennis, but now she has
:35:23. > :35:28.won that first match and had a good cry she wanted to -- wants to win
:35:28. > :35:31.the whole thing. The Williams sister have been seen as great
:35:31. > :35:36.machines charging through the competitions, it is interesting to
:35:36. > :35:39.be reminded they have a hue moon -- human side like everybody else
:35:39. > :35:44.course they have such an amazing sense of confidence, whether they
:35:44. > :35:47.are playing or not, they belief in themselves is astonishing. Usually
:35:47. > :35:52.you have to win and then you have the confidence. They have the
:35:52. > :35:56.confidence and they win because of that. So they, they have seemed
:35:56. > :36:00.almost inhuman. You are looking amazing. You are blazing with
:36:00. > :36:04.energy as you always are It is early for that. I am all right.
:36:04. > :36:08.have had a tough year. That Kilimanjaro moment when you were up
:36:08. > :36:14.there First I had the breast cancer scare in the spring, and just got
:36:14. > :36:24.through radiation when I was here at Wimbledon last year, tried to
:36:24. > :36:28.climb Kilimanjaro for a foundation I am a member of and had a
:36:28. > :36:31.pulmonary oedema, which I got because I got sick to begin with. I
:36:31. > :36:36.had, I ate bad food and generally speaking when people get this, they
:36:36. > :36:42.have had something wrong with them to begin with. So the altitude
:36:42. > :36:46.didn't help. It's a serious moment for you wasn't it. Yes, I found out
:36:46. > :36:50.later that it was life-threatening. It gets you fast. My lungs were
:36:50. > :36:54.half filled with water and my levels were in the 60s. They had to
:36:54. > :37:00.get me off. Once I got down I was fine. I should have known something
:37:00. > :37:04.was wrong because I did want to eat for four days. Soon as I got down
:37:04. > :37:07.to lower sea-level I but hungry and I was on oxygen for a couple of
:37:07. > :37:12.days, but well recovered by then. Once they get you off the mountain
:37:12. > :37:16.you are OK. If I had stayed on one more night I might not be here. So
:37:16. > :37:19.it was scary after. You are all right now? Yes. Going back to
:37:19. > :37:25.tennis, one of the things we are seeing beginning to come through,
:37:25. > :37:30.some of these Chinese players. course. Who have gone through this
:37:30. > :37:35.seems to be some of -- something of the really tough rig -- rigorous up
:37:35. > :37:39.bringing that you went through in the old days in the Communist stage
:37:40. > :37:48.There was all kinds of systems if place here t Communists go at it
:37:48. > :37:55.seriously, but when you look at it, Lendl came through because his
:37:55. > :38:00.parents played. The system didn't really train me. The same with Li
:38:00. > :38:06.Na. But they wanted for doubles players to succeed. They weren't
:38:06. > :38:10.into singles because they taught they would have a better chance of
:38:10. > :38:13.winning doubles in the Olympics. Li Na broke away from the system and
:38:13. > :38:18.look at her success. The system gives you the opportunity but then
:38:18. > :38:23.really it is still a individual sport and everybody needs their own
:38:23. > :38:27.individual training, and all that stuff, so Li Na did it on her own.
:38:27. > :38:31.When you were talking about the Williams sisters, you were talking
:38:31. > :38:35.about the importance of self-belief and self confidence. There is
:38:35. > :38:38.probably no game, maybe golf is a bit the same, where a individual
:38:38. > :38:42.has to maintain concentration and self confidence for quite this
:38:42. > :38:47.amount of time I suppose. I am thinking of inev tabbibly Andy
:38:47. > :38:51.Murray, people are saying, watching him saying he seems to be relaxing,
:38:51. > :38:55.he seems to be enjoying himself a bit more. It is, I mean I'm not
:38:55. > :38:59.going to say it could be his year because it becomes a ludicrous game
:38:59. > :39:04.everybody plays in this country, but there is, he seems to have got
:39:04. > :39:10.that confidence that he didn't have perhaps before. Let us not forget
:39:10. > :39:15.he is in the area with two of the best player, he has a tall mountain
:39:15. > :39:19.to climb. That being said, he is definitely enjoying himself more.
:39:19. > :39:23.He seems to be embracing the competition and having to play well,
:39:23. > :39:29.to win, because I felt before like he was ticked off he had to play
:39:29. > :39:33.well. He was like "How dare you play well against me?" he is more
:39:33. > :39:36.aggressive, he has a better attitude. You never know, that is
:39:37. > :39:41.one good thing about tennis, even if you do have a bad point you can
:39:41. > :39:44.get over it. You get on with the next shot, unlike golf where a
:39:44. > :39:49.mistake could cost you a lot. He is coming into his own. I like the way
:39:49. > :39:53.he is playing. You sent a message to David Cameron's gay rights
:39:53. > :39:58.evening, you weren't able to be there yourself. Back in the States
:39:58. > :40:02.it has been an important time for gay rights activists because we
:40:02. > :40:07.have had the vote in New York on gay marriage which went through.
:40:07. > :40:13.You are an Obama supporter but he has not been terribly outspoken o
:40:13. > :40:17.on this issue has he? He has been supportive of equal rights but
:40:17. > :40:21.stopped short of marriage. He has been of course a lot more
:40:21. > :40:26.suuportive of us than President Bush, to my recollection I have not
:40:26. > :40:30.heard President Bush to say the word homosexual. He kind of, the
:40:30. > :40:34.only way he talked about it was I believe marriage is between a man
:40:34. > :40:39.and woman. The New York vote was huge. It is the third most popular
:40:39. > :40:43.state in the country. In this area cautiously Britain is a bit more...
:40:44. > :40:48.Little bit ahead. A bit more each but still, you still have a way to
:40:48. > :40:52.go here, but again you have a Republican leader David Cameron,
:40:52. > :40:56.more Conservative leader, who is on the same page, with social rights
:40:56. > :41:00.and social agenda. You have to get back to Wimbledon. I have to go
:41:00. > :41:04.back to work. The women's field is wide-open and the Williams sisters
:41:04. > :41:08.are back, and on the men's side. Maria Sharapova is crashing through
:41:09. > :41:12.as well Maria is the second favourite to win and she is looking
:41:12. > :41:15.good as always, and being more confident now also after getting to
:41:16. > :41:22.the semifinals of the French Open, who knows, we might have two new
:41:22. > :41:25.winners this year. It will be great fun. Thank you. Martina Navratilova.
:41:25. > :41:30.Now, it's a brave Education Secretary who describes the school
:41:30. > :41:35.exams system as discredited just as tens of thousands of students are
:41:35. > :41:38.in the middle of exams so Gove is brave. He believes educational
:41:38. > :41:42.standards must be driven up and more rigs you exams is the way to
:41:42. > :41:47.achieve that. Schools are changing with new free school, academies
:41:47. > :41:51.outside Local Authority control. There is not yet overwhelming
:41:52. > :41:55.public spup -- support for that so let us hear from Michael Gove.
:41:55. > :41:59.Before we turn to the exam, I must ask you about the strikes because
:41:59. > :42:05.that is coming up this week. Yes, Your letter to schools has been
:42:05. > :42:08.interpreted as saying you think that things should go as far as
:42:08. > :42:12.parents going in to take lessons. Parents going in to help certainly.
:42:12. > :42:16.My concern about the strike is two fold. I think there are two areas
:42:16. > :42:19.that are worrying. If schools aren't open on Thursday, there will
:42:19. > :42:22.be massive inconvenience for working parents, in particular
:42:22. > :42:26.single parent who will have to rearrange childcare at short notice.
:42:26. > :42:29.It is wrong for people who are working hard to have their lives
:42:29. > :42:34.disrupted in this way, so it is right that schools should stay open.
:42:34. > :42:38.Maybe they won't be offering the traditional menu but they should be
:42:38. > :42:42.open so children doing something purposeful. There is another
:42:42. > :42:45.concern I have as well. I have been worried for some time now, that the
:42:45. > :42:50.reputation of teachers in this country is not as high as it should
:42:50. > :42:53.be. They do an amazing job, in other countries teaching is a highs
:42:53. > :42:58.from tiedge profession. Over the last few years we have been moving
:42:58. > :43:03.in that direction. More respect has been accorded to teachers and
:43:03. > :43:07.industrial actions, being on the picket line, being involved in this
:43:07. > :43:11.militancy will mean that the respect in which teachers should be
:43:11. > :43:16.held is taken back a bit, I think that would be a shame really, to
:43:16. > :43:20.all of us who want a better education system Yet clearly
:43:20. > :43:23.teachers are angry. It has been a very long time, since 1979 teachers
:43:24. > :43:27.in private schools are going on strike as well, and this is because
:43:27. > :43:31.they feel that there is nothing else they can do you are not going
:43:31. > :43:38.to listen to them about their pensions unless they do something
:43:38. > :43:41.like this? I have enormous sympathy for the position teaches find
:43:41. > :43:44.themselves in. We have got negotiations at the moment. Main
:43:44. > :43:48.haen earlier said that the important thing to do was carry on
:43:48. > :43:51.talking and that is what we are doing. There are proper
:43:51. > :43:55.negotiations involving the Government, and the TUC and other
:43:55. > :43:59.unions to make sure we can have pensions that are fair to teacher
:43:59. > :44:04.and other taxpayers. That is why I think this action is premature. I
:44:04. > :44:08.was a union member in my youth and I went on strike. I don't think it
:44:08. > :44:11.solved anything. It only made the situation worse. When we have this
:44:11. > :44:15.opportunity for open dialogue my Lord to make sure that teachers
:44:15. > :44:19.gets the rewards they deserve and taxpayers are respected as well.
:44:19. > :44:23.Let us not have the militancy that will disturb family life, for
:44:23. > :44:27.hundreds of thousands of people across the country, and also, I
:44:27. > :44:33.think will mark a retrograde step for the profession at a time when
:44:33. > :44:37.more and more people are realising how many great teachers we have.
:44:37. > :44:40.Teachers are only one part of the move for strikes and we seem to be
:44:40. > :44:45.heading to a confrontation between the Government and many of the
:44:45. > :44:49.public sector union, there has been talk of the possibility of further
:44:49. > :44:53.legislation. Yes. Do you think that we are approaching that sort of
:44:53. > :44:58.territory? I think legislation has to be kept under review. I think
:44:58. > :45:03.the person who put it best was Vince Cable when he spoke to the
:45:03. > :45:07.GMB. Nobody could mistake him for being Norman Tebbits younger
:45:07. > :45:11.brother. He was perfectly clear n the public are inconvenienced, the
:45:11. > :45:15.demand will be for some change in the law to make sure we do not have
:45:16. > :45:20.militancy that disrupted family life. You are talking about
:45:20. > :45:24.something like a requirement for an absolute majority for a strike to
:45:24. > :45:28.happen. The one thing I don't want to do is to ratchet up the rhetoric.
:45:28. > :45:31.I think it's important we get back to talking. In particular, I enjoy
:45:31. > :45:37.the conversations I have with teaching union leader, the
:45:37. > :45:41.individual lead others testify unions that are going out on strike
:45:41. > :45:44.are very committed people who want the best in the system. I think
:45:44. > :45:49.they have made a mistake. I don't want to get into a pitched battle
:45:49. > :45:54.with them, but what I do want to emphasise is that the public, I
:45:54. > :46:03.think, have a very low tolerance for anything that disrupts their
:46:03. > :46:06.hard-working lifestyles. You think I don't know what the numbers will
:46:06. > :46:11.be, but we want to do everything possible to ensure that schools
:46:11. > :46:16.stay open, so family life is and disrupted. You were pretty scathing
:46:16. > :46:23.about the quality of GCSE and A- levels at the moment. Some people
:46:23. > :46:27.thought it was all odd timing because kids were doing it at the
:46:27. > :46:32.time. What can you actually do to change these exams? The critical
:46:32. > :46:36.thing is to look at what is happening to exams and curricula
:46:36. > :46:40.across the globe. One of the things that has happened is that other
:46:40. > :46:44.countries have had more rigorous exams, they have had curricula
:46:44. > :46:48.which are more relevant to the 21st century, and we have got to catch
:46:48. > :46:52.up. In the last few weeks, the exam boards have made a number of
:46:52. > :46:57.mistakes, which are heartbreaking for those students sitting exams,
:46:57. > :47:00.given the wrong questions, or the wrong facts. We need to change, and
:47:00. > :47:05.one change we are going to implement this week, which will
:47:05. > :47:13.start in 2012, is to change the way in which GCSEs operate. The last
:47:14. > :47:23.government introduced modernisation into GCSEs. They turned it into
:47:24. > :47:32.
:47:32. > :47:36.Those pits could be re- SAT. It meant in-cell of concentrating on
:47:36. > :47:40.teaching and learning, people were being trained again and again to
:47:40. > :47:47.clear the hurdle of examination, and that meant less time was being
:47:47. > :47:52.spent developing a deep and rounded knowledge. Do you think the modular
:47:52. > :47:56.system of GCSEs is stacking the cards in favour of ever higher
:47:57. > :48:01.grades at the end of the exams? think it is a mistake and the
:48:01. > :48:07.culture of resits is wrong. I think we need to make sure, certainly at
:48:07. > :48:11.GCSE, that you have a clear two year run. More broadly, if you are
:48:11. > :48:18.looking at the way in which grades are awarded, the real question for
:48:18. > :48:24.me is not, I exams tougher, or easier than when we were boys? --
:48:24. > :48:27.are exams. The real question is, are they keeping pace with other
:48:27. > :48:31.countries? The generation arriving at university are not competing
:48:31. > :48:37.with us for the likes of jobs, they are competing with young people
:48:37. > :48:39.from Hong Kong, China, New Zealand, Canada. In all of these nations,
:48:39. > :48:45.their energy ish -- education system is changing and we have to
:48:45. > :48:49.keep up. Ofqual is the body in charge of this, they are going to
:48:49. > :48:54.get proposals from the government this week. What is the timetable
:48:54. > :48:58.after that? By next year there will be different exams? By 2012. We
:48:58. > :49:02.asked Ofqual to help us. They recommended that what happened is
:49:02. > :49:05.all the individual models, that can be taken before the end of the
:49:05. > :49:09.course, are all taken together. It won't start in September of this
:49:09. > :49:13.year, because we don't want to disrupt things in mid-flow. From
:49:13. > :49:17.20th September toff, all new courses will be taught in a way
:49:17. > :49:21.which means all the models are taken at the end. The other good
:49:21. > :49:26.thing is that Ofqual are going to make sure there is an emphasis
:49:26. > :49:30.again on spelling, punctuation and grammar. It was the case that marks
:49:30. > :49:35.were awarded, then that was swept away in many subjects. Any subject
:49:35. > :49:38.which as a sustained section of writing, history and geography,
:49:38. > :49:42.will have spelling, punctuation and grammar once more in the mark
:49:42. > :49:47.scheme, in order to ensure we prepare people for real life and
:49:47. > :49:52.for university. These are words and sentiments that a lot of people in
:49:52. > :49:55.your party will associate with the grammar schools. Your Schools
:49:55. > :50:02.Minister was very fulsome in his praise for grammar schools and what
:50:02. > :50:05.they have done to education and social mobility in this country. We
:50:05. > :50:09.understood that grammar schools were going to be kept at their
:50:09. > :50:12.current level, there would be no chance of expansion and you were
:50:12. > :50:19.pretty down on them. Is that changing? We are not changing
:50:19. > :50:24.policy with regard to building new grammar schools. We are allowing
:50:24. > :50:29.all grammar schools to admit more peoples. If you have a grammar
:50:29. > :50:33.school, it can expand the number of people it admits. But in those
:50:33. > :50:38.parts of the country where there are no grammar schools, in my and
:50:38. > :50:43.County of Surrey, Hertfordshire, Lancashire or whenever -- my own
:50:43. > :50:48.county of Surrey. Those high performing schools can admit more
:50:48. > :50:52.students as well. In Hackney and Hammersmith, there are schools that
:50:52. > :50:57.people are desperate to get into. They could expand their numbers. We
:50:57. > :51:00.want to ensure people get their first choice. If selective grammar
:51:00. > :51:04.schools -- selective grammar schools are a good thing, isn't it
:51:04. > :51:11.unfair on those parts of the country would happen to not have
:51:11. > :51:14.them, that you are not allowed to open one? We have had a lot of
:51:14. > :51:20.conversations about grammar schools over the last 30 years. We have
:51:20. > :51:23.reached a very English compromise. Some parts of the country to have
:51:23. > :51:27.kept grammar schools, in other parts the popular mood was to move
:51:27. > :51:33.against them. I don't think we should on stage that but we should
:51:33. > :51:40.allow good schools, whether they are, to expand. No new grammar
:51:40. > :51:48.schools ever? No new grammar schools, but be concentration on
:51:48. > :51:53.learning the most important lesson. What is most important is what goes
:51:53. > :51:59.on in every classroom. We have wrongly assumed that only a small
:51:59. > :52:03.elite can succeed. Only 25 or 30% can go to university or fruit for,
:52:03. > :52:07.high-earning jobs. That is quite wrong. The experience of other
:52:07. > :52:12.countries tells us that we can have a comprehensive system which is
:52:12. > :52:16.comprehensively excellent. What about teachers themselves? One of
:52:16. > :52:20.the criticisms that has been made is that some people coming into
:52:20. > :52:25.teaching, without enough of an intellectual mentor background and
:52:25. > :52:29.cells, to be good teachers in the future. -- mental background
:52:29. > :52:32.themselves. Teachers are better than ever now, but we need to make
:52:32. > :52:41.sure the process of improvement accelerates. We will be changing
:52:41. > :52:45.the way we select and a trained teachers. You used to have to pass
:52:45. > :52:49.tests and only at the end of your teacher training. There were
:52:49. > :52:54.infinite opportunities to retake that example but you need to raise
:52:54. > :52:59.the bar and say we have a tough literacy and numeracy test, and
:52:59. > :53:02.insist that those people who want to be teachers have good degrees.
:53:02. > :53:06.Isn't this quite a tough menu for would-be teachers? We are going to
:53:06. > :53:09.make it harder to come into the profession, you will have to work
:53:09. > :53:13.longer for a smaller pension and your pay is not going up. Also, you
:53:14. > :53:16.shouldn't go on strike or protest too much. The very fact that you
:53:16. > :53:20.shouldn't go on strike is an indication that we are teaching
:53:20. > :53:24.teachers as professionals. You don't see hospital consultants
:53:24. > :53:28.going on strike. I don't believe that teachers and headteachers
:53:28. > :53:33.should. It it within their rights, it is a civil right, but I think it
:53:33. > :53:35.is wrong in terms of the reputation of the profession. I don't make any
:53:35. > :53:38.apology for saying that I expect we should have the best qualified
:53:38. > :53:42.group of people in teaching. And because of the other changes we are
:53:42. > :53:48.making, teachers at academies, for example, are better paid than ever
:53:48. > :53:52.before. Thank you for joining us this morning.
:53:52. > :53:57.The Education Secretary, Michael Gove, has warned that teachers may
:53:57. > :54:00.lose public respect for their profession by striking this week.
:54:00. > :54:05.He urged the teaching unions to continue negotiations with the
:54:05. > :54:08.government. He said that if parents felt their lives being disrupted by
:54:08. > :54:15.school closures, there would be demands for furthers legislation to
:54:15. > :54:20.make strikes more typical. China's premier has flown into the
:54:20. > :54:25.UK at the start of a visit which is expected to confirm several trade
:54:25. > :54:30.deals. The Chinese released another leading dissident in what is being
:54:30. > :54:35.seen as a attempt to counter protests over Beijing's record on
:54:35. > :54:39.human rights. A quick look at what is coming up
:54:39. > :54:42.after the programme. Sunday Morning Live is back, and
:54:42. > :54:47.for our first programme, Nick Ferrari will argue that eminent
:54:47. > :54:53.criminals do not deserve human rights. Should religious insult
:54:53. > :54:59.land due in court? And should women stop wearing skimpy clothing? --
:54:59. > :55:04.religious insult land you in court? Both when he starred alongside
:55:04. > :55:08.Placido Domingo at Covent Garden, the Maltese tenor Joseph Calleja
:55:08. > :55:13.had opera critics reaching for superlatives. One reviewer said
:55:13. > :55:17.that he made him think of a younger Pavarotti. Joseph Calleja is one of
:55:17. > :55:24.the most eagerly anticipated stars at the Proms in three weeks. He
:55:24. > :55:32.also has a new album out, The Maltese Tenor. Welcome. Thank you
:55:32. > :55:38.so much. You started as a choirboy. Indeed. It was the age of 15, at
:55:38. > :55:45.the behest of my auntie, who lives in the UK, she is English. Close to
:55:45. > :55:50.Scunthorpe. She heard meet imitate Luciano Pavarotti, and said, you
:55:50. > :55:54.should join a choir -- she heard me. It all started from there.
:55:54. > :55:59.Fantastic. In terms of the walls you have enjoyed, you have done
:55:59. > :56:04.some of the big Verdi and Puccini, any of your particular favourite
:56:04. > :56:10.composers? Puccini will remain my desert island composer, just
:56:10. > :56:17.because of the human soul, with all those more to pull strings. Puccini
:56:17. > :56:22.knew which a string to park right at the right moment -- all those
:56:22. > :56:25.multiple strings. Malta has been at the centre of the news with
:56:25. > :56:33.migrants from North Africa coming through, an interesting place at
:56:33. > :56:36.the moment. It is very interesting and I am very proud of it. Our
:56:36. > :56:40.national airline was of crucial to the evacuation of hundreds of
:56:40. > :56:43.thousands of people from Libya when the crisis started -- hundreds of
:56:43. > :56:50.people. The captain and the flight attendant did it on a voluntary
:56:50. > :56:59.basis. Very proud of that. That is all we have got time for,