11/12/2015

:00:09. > :00:11.welcome to the programme. I'm Joanna Gosling in for Victoria,

:00:12. > :00:20.a national risk by England's most senior doctor.

:00:21. > :00:28.It is not just a health issue, this matter is about advertising,

:00:29. > :00:30.industry, how they formulate food, how it is sold.

:00:31. > :00:33.That's the Chief Medical Officer - she's putting forward a manifesto

:00:34. > :00:36.With a deadline looming, climate change negotiators in Paris

:00:37. > :00:41.need extra time to seek a historic agreement on global warming.

:00:42. > :00:44.Plus - how you can influence a major review into residential care homes

:00:45. > :01:01.Hello, good morning, welcome to the programme,

:01:02. > :01:12.As ever we're really keen to hear from you throughout the programme.

:01:13. > :01:14.Texts will be charged at the standard network rate.

:01:15. > :01:16.You can of course you can watch the programme online wherever

:01:17. > :01:19.you are - via the BBC news app or our website bbc.co.uk/victoria,

:01:20. > :01:22.and you can also subscribe to all our features on the news app,

:01:23. > :01:27.by going to add topics and searching 'Victoria Derbyshire'.

:01:28. > :01:31.Let's start with that warning from the Chief Medical Officer that

:01:32. > :01:34.obesity is one of the biggest risks to women's health and must be

:01:35. > :01:39.Dame Sally Davies says the problem should be declared a 'national risk'

:01:40. > :01:52.That is alongside terrorism, war and flooding.

:01:53. > :01:55.In 2013 more than half or women aged 34 to 44 were classified

:01:56. > :02:07.And almost two thirds of women aged 45 to 54 fell into this category.

:02:08. > :02:09.Obesity can lead to a number of serious and potentially

:02:10. > :02:11.life-threatening conditions such as type 2 diabetes,

:02:12. > :02:13.heart disease, stroke and some types of cancer.

:02:14. > :02:16.Dame Sally's report calls for action across all of society to prevent

:02:17. > :02:18.obesity from shortening women's lives and affecting quality

:02:19. > :02:25.Her report focuses on a number of axe specs of women's health

:02:26. > :02:29.including the risks of being overweight during pregnancy. A lot

:02:30. > :02:34.of women do not understand that they should not eat for two. While you

:02:35. > :02:40.should not diet aggressively, you have to limit weight gain to what

:02:41. > :02:43.the baby is, and we need everybody to be aware and make sure the

:02:44. > :02:49.opportunities are picked up but most women don't understand that being

:02:50. > :02:54.overweight can increase the risks of breast cancer which is going up, and

:02:55. > :03:01.we need to help women understand how it limit like in many ways, and by

:03:02. > :03:07.helping women and everybody, we need to make healthy options the easy

:03:08. > :03:10.option, and that is why I have asked the government to raise this is a

:03:11. > :03:16.national risk because it is not just a health issue, this is about

:03:17. > :03:20.advertising, industry, how they formulate food, how it is sold,

:03:21. > :03:27.whether we have, which we should not have, cheap offers on unhealthy

:03:28. > :03:34.food. It is about education of children, active transport, it is a

:03:35. > :03:39.cross government 's and crossed societal issue and we all have role

:03:40. > :03:45.to play in maintaining weight. We have a London GP in the studio and a

:03:46. > :03:51.size acceptance campaign. Thank you for coming in. Dame Sally says

:03:52. > :03:58.obesity in women should be ranked alongside terrorism and flooding in

:03:59. > :04:03.public health terms. That shows how serious a problem it is and I agree

:04:04. > :04:07.with Dame Sally, it is a public health catastrophe that we are

:04:08. > :04:11.walking into and have been for a number of years and if we do not

:04:12. > :04:16.address it, it is going to be subsuming vast amounts of health

:04:17. > :04:22.money but will also contribute to a great deal of illness and a great

:04:23. > :04:29.deal of problems as we go forward. Quantify it. Why is it a threat?

:04:30. > :04:37.Take diabetes or example which accounts for about 11% of the NHS

:04:38. > :04:43.budget and the biggest factor for diabetes is obesity so extrapolates

:04:44. > :04:52.that, vast amounts of our money, ?120 billion a year is spent on a

:04:53. > :04:57.preventable condition,. -- preventable condition, diabetes. For

:04:58. > :05:01.most women who have knee replacements, they are obese. There

:05:02. > :05:07.were all sorts of other issues. When you are looking at figures and over

:05:08. > :05:13.half of women are obese as adults, and we are seeing that in children,

:05:14. > :05:19.20-30% of children are obese, it is like smoking. We cannot sit back and

:05:20. > :05:22.say it is a personal responsibility, we actually have to say a good

:05:23. > :05:27.government has to act on the public health and do something about it.

:05:28. > :05:33.How do you see it? This is deplorable. It is scare tactics. It

:05:34. > :05:36.is talking to people in such a way that if they feel they are

:05:37. > :05:39.overweight than they are destined for a terrible future which is not

:05:40. > :05:44.true. Statistics do not bear that out, though your studies than this.

:05:45. > :05:50.It shows if you are moderately overweight, you live longer, there

:05:51. > :05:53.is a study in Spain. I would like to say that if you look at the National

:05:54. > :05:58.office of statistics, you will see that the biggest killer for women in

:05:59. > :06:02.the UK is dementia and our signers, followed by heart disease and

:06:03. > :06:06.respiratory problems. This report is nonsense. You are talking about

:06:07. > :06:10.women's health, we need to draw about something much more serious

:06:11. > :06:16.than if they are overweight. -- talk about. To be honest, Dame Sally is

:06:17. > :06:21.the most senior doctor in the country. Why is she not addressing

:06:22. > :06:27.dementia and hours I must, the biggest killers? Why is she not

:06:28. > :06:32.talking about respiratory health? -- Alzheimer's. There is a slight

:06:33. > :06:37.skewing of the figures. We are talking about obesity which, like

:06:38. > :06:44.smoking, want abused vast amount of... Do you think larger people

:06:45. > :06:51.like to be large? Do not think we have tried? If it were preventable,

:06:52. > :06:58.treatable, we would do it. I am a larger person. We try, we work and

:06:59. > :07:07.we know that obesity is not this simple... I agree. To equate it with

:07:08. > :07:11.health is really dangerous. I am absolutely in agreement with you. I

:07:12. > :07:16.am a GP and I see this every single day, this is not about attacking

:07:17. > :07:25.individual women. It is an attack. Can I finish? What it is about is a

:07:26. > :07:31.public health issue. This has to be done at government level, starting

:07:32. > :07:36.with children and advertising. This is not about gaining women. I never

:07:37. > :07:40.say to a woman, look, have you thought about your weight? It is

:07:41. > :07:44.obvious, we look at ourselves in mirrors ten or 15 times a day. This

:07:45. > :07:48.is about saying we cannot do nothing. We cannot allow the

:07:49. > :07:59.population to get more unhealthy, fatter, more morbidly obese. You are

:08:00. > :08:08.equating it with being unhealthy. Do you dispute the statistics, the

:08:09. > :08:12.claims, that obesity does lead to other issues? There are risk

:08:13. > :08:14.factors. It is a possible risk but it is not a fact. You are talking

:08:15. > :08:17.like it is a fact. If you it is not a fact. You are talking

:08:18. > :08:21.you will get cancer. it is not a fact. You are talking

:08:22. > :08:27.If you are obese, you it is not a fact. You are talking

:08:28. > :08:33.likely to get diabetes. I think we are in agreement. What I think Dame

:08:34. > :08:37.Sally is saying is that it is not about blaming the individual.

:08:38. > :08:40.Sally is saying is that it is not started work as a doctor, we were

:08:41. > :08:43.beginning to find out the effects of cigarette smoking and it has taken

:08:44. > :08:46.us 40 years to do something and try to reduce the

:08:47. > :08:52.us 40 years to do something and try smoking, reduce the levels of lung

:08:53. > :08:59.cancer. It has taken 40 years. You are comparing an addiction with

:09:00. > :09:08.obesity. Individual smokers have the right to smoke. Why, why is smoking

:09:09. > :09:12.allowed? You are trying to make comparisons that do not hold up.

:09:13. > :09:16.There has been a lifestyle change over the last 40 years which cause

:09:17. > :09:21.people to get larger, we do not do manual work, or do 12 hour shifts,

:09:22. > :09:29.we have different food sources which are toxic. We have a completely

:09:30. > :09:32.different lifestyle. We have to look at the other factors. It is

:09:33. > :09:39.complicated. You are talking like there is then easy prescription. I

:09:40. > :09:43.am not! Should the government not get involved and say it is

:09:44. > :09:50.happening? I would love them to get involved. Is that not happening with

:09:51. > :09:57.Dame Sally? Is a scare tactic. Why? It does not give us a solution. If

:09:58. > :10:02.you would give me a solution, Dame Sally, if you are listening, please

:10:03. > :10:08.give us access for free to... Get our health back to normal. This is

:10:09. > :10:14.the start of a process. It is not about individual responsibility. For

:10:15. > :10:19.example, children's cereals... Can I finish? You are making a point and I

:10:20. > :10:23.am responding. It should not be on the shelf. That is a good place to

:10:24. > :10:31.start and stop what Sally is saying is that we need the government to

:10:32. > :10:35.look at this urgently or we will walk headlong... Smaller people are

:10:36. > :10:42.at risk as well. Everybody is at risk. There is watching and says,

:10:43. > :10:46.this annoys me, people know they are overweight and do nothing. I had

:10:47. > :10:50.heart failure three years ago and speaking to the consultants, I gave

:10:51. > :10:54.up alcohol, sweet and fried food. Aida what I want within reason and

:10:55. > :10:58.feel better for it. It is not hard to lose weight and he was the lead

:10:59. > :11:03.most things within reason and I do exercise. It is down to them.

:11:04. > :11:06.Fantastic, great. Anybody who improves their lifestyle, I am all

:11:07. > :11:11.for it but I would like to make it easier for people to do this stop do

:11:12. > :11:20.not imagine people are out there stuffing themselves. People are

:11:21. > :11:24.dieting and trying to lose weight but that is not the bottom line. The

:11:25. > :11:28.bottom line is our overall lifestyle has incredible risks attached to it

:11:29. > :11:32.which the government is not looking at. Why is their sugar in lasagne or

:11:33. > :11:41.almost all the foods we have on our shelves? Are you blaming external

:11:42. > :11:46.factors? She is right. The supermarket is not providing good

:11:47. > :11:49.food. It is harder to get good and natural food, and more expensive for

:11:50. > :11:56.the average family who are also poor. It is very difficult. You pick

:11:57. > :12:05.a ready meal, it is loaded with rubbish food. The government needs

:12:06. > :12:08.to intervene in our food source. You are absolutely right, there are

:12:09. > :12:11.things you can do at an individual level and things you can do as a

:12:12. > :12:18.public health level. You are absolutely right and some individual

:12:19. > :12:21.choices, all well and good, but I go back to making an individual choice

:12:22. > :12:25.to wear a seat belt, some people did and some did not, until it was

:12:26. > :12:30.tackled at government level. It was made illegal to not wear a seat

:12:31. > :12:38.belt. Are you making it illegal to be fat? No. What are you talking

:12:39. > :12:44.about?! She throws things out and there is no solution. It is about a

:12:45. > :12:48.whole series of solutions. If it were as easy as putting a seat belt

:12:49. > :12:53.on, it will be fine but it is about a series of solutions, some of which

:12:54. > :12:59.you articulated. Not putting sugar in food that does not need sugar.

:13:00. > :13:06.Looking at children's food, looking at access to exercise. Why does the

:13:07. > :13:12.report not say that? Equating it with terrorism? Outrageous. I

:13:13. > :13:15.suspect the report references a lot of studies which have gone before

:13:16. > :13:19.which starts to look at some of the solutions. What Sally is saying is

:13:20. > :13:23.that we need government action on this because if we don't get

:13:24. > :13:29.government action right across the board... We should not have badly

:13:30. > :13:34.worded report which scare people. I do not want to be terrified to stop

:13:35. > :13:42.maybe we need to be scared into the ill effects of obesity. We have been

:13:43. > :13:46.scared for 40 years. Has it worked? I am not sure it has been 40 years.

:13:47. > :13:50.40 years ago there was very little obesity. That has been dieting and

:13:51. > :13:58.dieting pressure for many decades, has it worked? What works? This

:13:59. > :14:02.report does not work. It has been great to have you in the studio

:14:03. > :14:06.talking the bus lane. Lots of people getting in touch as they watch you.

:14:07. > :14:13.We appreciate your time. -- talking robust lay. Simon Says we need to

:14:14. > :14:17.tax bad food and subsidised healthy food.

:14:18. > :14:19.Thanks for joining us today - still to come: No decision

:14:20. > :14:22.on a third runway at London's Heathrow until next year.

:14:23. > :14:24.One business group accuses the Government of being "gutless" -

:14:25. > :14:30.And Labour leader Jeremy Corbyn is under mounting pressure from some

:14:31. > :14:33.of his own MPs to disown the Stop the War Coalition -

:14:34. > :14:45.The main news this morning: Obesity is such a threat to women's health

:14:46. > :14:47.that it should be declared a national risk - according

:14:48. > :14:51.We need to make women understand how it limits life in many ways

:14:52. > :14:54.and we need to, by helping women, and everyone make healthy options

:14:55. > :15:08.Climate change talks in Paris are extended until Saturday,

:15:09. > :15:12.to try to reach agreement on tackling global warming.

:15:13. > :15:14.Businesses and local communities have reacted furiously

:15:15. > :15:16.after the Government announced a delay in deciding

:15:17. > :15:22.whether to expand London's Heathrow Airport.

:15:23. > :15:24.Former Glasgow Rangers footballer Arnold Peralta has been shot dead

:15:25. > :15:39.while on holiday in his hometown in Honduras.

:15:40. > :15:45.Coming up just after 10am we'll be talking about the latest twist

:15:46. > :15:52.It concerns the Uefa President Michel Platini and his appeal

:15:53. > :15:54.against a 90-day suspension from football to the Court

:15:55. > :15:57.He appealed to be 'allowed to work' during the investigation

:15:58. > :16:00.into whether he received an unlwaful payment from the outgoing

:16:01. > :16:03.But the Court has decided not to end his suspension -

:16:04. > :16:06.they have though ordered Fifa not to extend his ban.

:16:07. > :16:08.It's bad news for Platini, who many see as the favourite

:16:09. > :16:14.to become the next President of Fifa if he is cleared.

:16:15. > :16:16.We'll be speaking to our sports news correspondent Richard Conway,

:16:17. > :16:20.who's in Paris, about what exact the ruling will mean.

:16:21. > :16:25.It means he cannot be in the draw at the weekend or the executive

:16:26. > :16:27.committee meeting. And on the field both Liverpool

:16:28. > :16:29.and Spurs finished top of their groups in the Europa League

:16:30. > :16:32.after their results last night. I'll be back with more just

:16:33. > :16:35.after 10am, see you shortly. It's a decision - not

:16:36. > :16:40.to make a decision - over whether a third runway should

:16:41. > :16:44.be built at Heathrow. The Government has been widely

:16:45. > :16:46.criticised for delaying its plans on airport expansion

:16:47. > :16:48.in the south-east of England Business groups accused

:16:49. > :16:50.ministers of being "gutless", arguing the delay is bad

:16:51. > :16:53.for the UK economy. But - the Government says it's

:16:54. > :16:56.because further research on the environmental

:16:57. > :16:59.impact was needed. This was the reaction from some

:17:00. > :17:01.of the residents of Harmondsworth, which would be largely demolished

:17:02. > :17:04.to make way for a third runway We don't want to be hanging on any

:17:05. > :17:11.longer, we have been doing this years and years, it is not fair

:17:12. > :17:13.on everybody, and there were lots of elderly people

:17:14. > :17:16.who do not want to move, He said, no ifs, no buts,

:17:17. > :17:22.he gave is a promise, He said, no ifs, no buts,

:17:23. > :17:25.he gave us a promise, They have been trying to get

:17:26. > :17:33.a runway here for 40 years and every time they have fallen

:17:34. > :17:35.at the last hurdle. It is not business, it is people,

:17:36. > :17:38.and they are putting We have a manifesto pledge

:17:39. > :17:53.from the Prime Minister. John Longworth from the British

:17:54. > :17:57.Chamber of Commerce says the delay The government has been completely

:17:58. > :18:00.gutless like so many of the decisions

:18:01. > :18:01.regarding the economy. They have ducked it,

:18:02. > :18:04.we have been waiting 25 years and more now for this

:18:05. > :18:09.decision to be made. There was a very long and detailed

:18:10. > :18:12.study at great expense with the Davies Commission

:18:13. > :18:12.and they have simply ignored it, Our Political Correspondent,

:18:13. > :18:17.Iain Watson is at Westminster - politics at play here

:18:18. > :18:27.by the Conservatives? What are they saying there?

:18:28. > :18:30.That's right, the Government is saying they had to take into account

:18:31. > :18:37.environmental concerns and there was a risk of a legal challenge.

:18:38. > :18:42.Nonetheless, there is a huge suspicion this is convenient for the

:18:43. > :18:47.Government because they faced the prospect of having the London

:18:48. > :18:49.mayoral candidate Zac Goldsmith for next May, long-standing opponent of

:18:50. > :18:54.Heathrow, clashing with the government if the this issue was

:18:55. > :18:56.taken to go ahead with the runway before Christmas. The

:18:57. > :18:58.taken to go ahead with the runway they would give a clear direction

:18:59. > :19:01.but they have not. What they said is other options including

:19:02. > :19:04.but they have not. What they said is runway at Gatwick and even extending

:19:05. > :19:08.the existing runway at Heathrow is still up for grabs. The current

:19:09. > :19:09.London still up for grabs. The current

:19:10. > :19:13.today. We already still up for grabs. The current

:19:14. > :19:19.residents at Heathrow talking about Fudge, this is how

:19:20. > :19:26.residents at Heathrow talking about put it. There is an element of

:19:27. > :19:29.political fudgarama. put it. There is an element of

:19:30. > :19:35.getting clearer to people in government that this is getting more

:19:36. > :19:37.and more undeliverable. When you talk about Heathrow meeting

:19:38. > :19:44.Government policy on noise and air quality it recipe card. It is a

:19:45. > :19:47.stated policy on aviation that you cannot expose stub stanch on numbers

:19:48. > :19:54.of people to aviation cannot expose stub stanch on numbers

:19:55. > :19:59.Heathrow will inflict unacceptable noise pollution, 55 decibel is and

:20:00. > :20:02.more on another 300,000 people. There isn't another city in the

:20:03. > :20:08.world that would dream of doing that. Boris Johnson speaking on BBC

:20:09. > :20:11.radio earlier this morning. His opposition to Heathrow is

:20:12. > :20:16.well-known. He is now resurrecting his idea of having this four runway

:20:17. > :20:21.airport east of the Thames Estuary. The thing that was interesting was

:20:22. > :20:25.he effectively said in government people are perhaps moving away from

:20:26. > :20:28.the idea of a third Heathrow runway. The assumption had by and large been

:20:29. > :20:32.that the government would probably, after a three-year Airports

:20:33. > :20:37.Commission after a three-year Airports

:20:38. > :20:40.but with other measures to mitigate environmental impacts and for

:20:41. > :20:44.political reasons as we discussed perhaps put it off. But this morning

:20:45. > :20:45.the Transport Secretary Patrick McLoughlin passed new doubt on that

:20:46. > :20:50.kind of analysis and You keep talking

:20:51. > :20:52.about a third runway. Please get off the fixation

:20:53. > :21:00.of a third runway. No, it could be a second

:21:01. > :21:04.runway at Gatwick. Right, so you might reject

:21:05. > :21:07.the Davies Commission report? The commission report said

:21:08. > :21:11.that all three options It did recommend

:21:12. > :21:18.Heathrow but it did say that all of the three

:21:19. > :21:27.options are viable options. Interestingly Patrick McLoughlin

:21:28. > :21:33.quizzed by John Humphrys, being very clear that Gatwick is still an

:21:34. > :21:36.option. To some extent people will be lobbying for the next six months

:21:37. > :21:39.and that's why business leaders, in the words of the Institute of

:21:40. > :21:43.directors, are tearing out their hair, they wanted a clear direction

:21:44. > :21:46.at least before Christmas. The Transport Secretary says if it is

:21:47. > :21:52.taken before next summer that Government will be on course to

:21:53. > :21:55.provide extra airport capacity in south-east England by 2030 but asked

:21:56. > :21:59.if he would definitely go ahead with the decision next summer he said,

:22:00. > :22:04.hopefully. Even that doesn't appear to be certain.

:22:05. > :22:11.Oh dear. Thank you. We have some more comments on obesity in women.

:22:12. > :22:15.John says as a 60-year-old man I've heard so mini campaigns about

:22:16. > :22:18.women's health, what about men? Overeating is a personal choice and

:22:19. > :22:23.about self-discipline, sadly lacking in today's society.

:22:24. > :22:26.On Twitter, do you think larger people like being large? Do you

:22:27. > :22:31.think we like dieting, we try, we work.

:22:32. > :22:35.So many folk in denial about obesity, it's getting ridiculous,

:22:36. > :22:40.your life, your body. Now to climate change.

:22:41. > :22:42.There's no deal expected today from the climate change summit

:22:43. > :22:45.in Paris - but as the discussions continue, the pressure really

:22:46. > :22:48.is on for negotiators to come up with an agreement that all 200

:22:49. > :22:52.The world is heating up and it's happening quickly.

:22:53. > :22:55.13 of the 14 warmest years were recorded this century and 2015

:22:56. > :23:04.Among the effects of this is that sea levels are rising -

:23:05. > :23:07.they've risen on average about 19cm globally since 1900 -

:23:08. > :23:10.posing a threat to islands and coastal communities.

:23:11. > :23:16.It also means more extreme weather like floods,

:23:17. > :23:18.storms and droughts - which could of course affect food

:23:19. > :23:23.By the end of this century, if nothing is done, temperatures

:23:24. > :23:27.Negotiators have been working through the night to thrash

:23:28. > :23:33.There is still a question mark over whether the deal will look to limit

:23:34. > :23:35.global warming to 1.5 or 2 degrees celsius -

:23:36. > :23:44.a figure hugely important to vulnerable countries.

:23:45. > :23:48.That figure has been lowered from what they originally thought.

:23:49. > :23:50.And there's still debate over developing countries asking for more

:23:51. > :23:52.money to help them cut carbon emissions.

:23:53. > :23:55.Right now the pressure is on to come up with an agreement,

:23:56. > :24:02.I think one of the things that is driving the Paris conference

:24:03. > :24:05.is an absolute desire not to make the mistakes that

:24:06. > :24:09.Rather than bringing the political leaders in at the end to sign

:24:10. > :24:12.the deal, they are bringing them in at the start to get

:24:13. > :24:16.They really want to make sure they don't make those mistakes

:24:17. > :24:18.but that does not guarantee that won't happen.

:24:19. > :24:21.There are likely to be lots of barriers, lots of countries

:24:22. > :24:25.that won't agree, lots of arms that will need to be twisted

:24:26. > :24:30.and you could end up with an agreement at all costs

:24:31. > :24:37.which means you might be very weak or quite easy in terms of trying

:24:38. > :24:39.to get an agreement between 196 countries, turning to a massive

:24:40. > :24:44.If that happens, it won't address the issues of climate change,

:24:45. > :24:47.it won't send clear signals to the future and we will all be

:24:48. > :24:52.If you think this hasn't happened before, I refer you to Copenhagen

:24:53. > :24:59.in 2009, the exact same thing happened.

:25:00. > :25:04.Vanuatu - a string of more than 80 islands in the Pacific Ocean -

:25:05. > :25:08.is on the front line in the climate change debate.

:25:09. > :25:13.Rising sea levels are putting its very future in jeopardy.

:25:14. > :25:16.Islanders hope some sort of deal can be reached at the climate change

:25:17. > :25:18.conference to make sure that whatever happens,

:25:19. > :25:49.We feel very strong that in developed countries they need

:25:50. > :25:55.Anything above two degrees, that is the end of small island

:25:56. > :25:57.countries, and we feel that political leaders have to commit

:25:58. > :26:11.My name is John Kalmatak and I lived here for 76 years.

:26:12. > :26:16.The water is getting higher and higher all the time.

:26:17. > :26:20.That is why it is taking out our way of life.

:26:21. > :26:24.Do you think there is a future for the island?

:26:25. > :26:27.I don't know exactly but I think if we don't look after it,

:26:28. > :26:50.Maybe the water will take out all of the island.

:26:51. > :26:54.Do you worry about the future for Vanuatu and your communities?

:26:55. > :27:02.We need to reduce the carbon emissions of the atmosphere

:27:03. > :27:14.because some developing countries have more pollution so we need

:27:15. > :27:18.to reduce it, we need to reduce pollution.

:27:19. > :27:21.So climate change is real as far as the people of Vanuatu

:27:22. > :27:27.are concerned, and many other countries, it is happening

:27:28. > :27:31.at the moment, and the message from here,

:27:32. > :27:35.I think, is they hope in Paris some sort of deal can be done to make

:27:36. > :27:38.sure whatever happens with climate change in the future,

:27:39. > :27:49.in places like this they are as well prepared as they can be.

:27:50. > :27:52.So the pressure is on but realistically how do you bring 200

:27:53. > :27:54.countries together and solve a problem like climate change?

:27:55. > :27:58.Let's talk now to Professor Sir Brian Hoskins, Director

:27:59. > :28:02.of the Grantham Institute for Climate Change at

:28:03. > :28:05.Imperial College London and a member of the UK Committee

:28:06. > :28:08.on Climate Change and in Paris - Jennifer Morgan, Global Director

:28:09. > :28:15.of the Climate Program at the World Resources Institute.

:28:16. > :28:20.Thank you for joining us. Jennifer, you are in Paris. They already said

:28:21. > :28:26.they cannot do it today so they want to push back the deadline until

:28:27. > :28:30.tomorrow, how much hope do you have? I'm still cautiously optimistic.

:28:31. > :28:33.They negotiated overnight, they made progress, but every country just has

:28:34. > :28:38.to go further, they have too reached to the extreme of what they can do

:28:39. > :28:45.here. It is all still within reach for stop what still needs to be

:28:46. > :28:48.done? What are the sticking points? There are three sticking points.

:28:49. > :28:54.Number one is the developed countries need to come forward with

:28:55. > :28:56.something that is fair, that shows they are going to differentiate and

:28:57. > :29:00.have developing countries do more but not had everything the same as

:29:01. > :29:02.developed countries. They need to come together around a clear

:29:03. > :29:08.long-term goal that will shift investments into clean energy, and

:29:09. > :29:11.they need to have a solidarity package for the poorest countries to

:29:12. > :29:18.help them deal with the impacts of climate change. Sir Brian Hoskins,

:29:19. > :29:23.they are changing the goalposts, aren't they? This 1.5 degrees has

:29:24. > :29:30.come onto the table when they can't agree on two, do you hold out hope

:29:31. > :29:34.1.5 can be achieved? 1.5 is an aspiration and it shows the

:29:35. > :29:38.seriousness of the issue. People saying even two deg is not going to

:29:39. > :29:43.be easy for everyone, so if we could make it 1.5 as a limit that would be

:29:44. > :29:47.great. The aspiration is there and I will come that. The reality of what

:29:48. > :29:55.people are going to do then comes out the other side. What do you

:29:56. > :30:01.think should be done? We know that to limit climate change to anything

:30:02. > :30:05.like 1.5-2d, there is only a certain amount of carbon emissions we can

:30:06. > :30:10.have, we house gases. There is a cake there. Explain how quickly the

:30:11. > :30:15.cake is being doubled up. We've already gobbled up two thirds of the

:30:16. > :30:19.cake when we did not know we were doing it when we started so there is

:30:20. > :30:25.about a third left. At the present rate depending on your target it may

:30:26. > :30:28.be 20-25 years at the present rate. It means we have got to get global

:30:29. > :30:33.emissions peaking as soon as possible, and then going down

:30:34. > :30:39.rapidly. Quite what going down rapidly to maybe nearly zero after

:30:40. > :30:44.2050. We have got to get that peaking and going down at a rapid

:30:45. > :30:52.rate. Is that achievable? Is not the case that 20 years hence there would

:30:53. > :30:57.need to be further retrenchment? It is achievable but only if we start

:30:58. > :31:02.now. If we say this is difficult, let's leave it 5-10 years and come

:31:03. > :31:07.back and reassess then 1.5 degrees will be way out of beam and probably

:31:08. > :31:12.two deg as well. It is realistic but the longer we leave it the more

:31:13. > :31:18.difficult it is, and more impossible it is. We saw the example of

:31:19. > :31:23.Vanuatu. Minds very much focused because of the direct impact that

:31:24. > :31:26.direct climate change will have on those islands threatening their

:31:27. > :31:30.resistance. With other countries affected to a much lesser extent and

:31:31. > :31:32.their voices louder in the discussions, what are the prospects

:31:33. > :31:44.of this coming good? I think one of the important dynamic

:31:45. > :31:49.is that these small and vulnerable countries which includes the islands

:31:50. > :31:53.but also Bangladesh and Costa Rica, these small voices are pushing the

:31:54. > :31:57.big layers to go further because it is about their existence, so I think

:31:58. > :32:03.that's dynamic, finding those solutions, is ill moving here and we

:32:04. > :32:09.have to do hope that China, the US and India listen and respond. It

:32:10. > :32:12.does feel like a broken record. Not you, but the whole debate about

:32:13. > :32:20.whether targets can be agreed and acted upon. It does sound like a

:32:21. > :32:23.broken record but this is a different moment. It is a

:32:24. > :32:26.broken record but this is a of international cooperation and it

:32:27. > :32:30.is a moment where developed and developing countries are working

:32:31. > :32:33.together. There is a high ambition coalition which includes the United

:32:34. > :32:40.States and Europe, and Islands and Latin America. There is the

:32:41. > :32:45.countries who are fighting for this ambitious path. There are others who

:32:46. > :32:52.are fighting to keep their oil revenues moving forward, that is the

:32:53. > :32:53.battle that is happening. Brian, for all of us, what difference will it

:32:54. > :32:56.make all of us, what difference will it

:32:57. > :33:04.everything that needs to be done is done? In the UK, we have the climate

:33:05. > :33:09.change act which amazingly put us on a path to say we would reduce carbon

:33:10. > :33:16.emissions by 80% Y 2050, so we are on that path and that is what is

:33:17. > :33:24.needed. So the UK started down that path, there have been wobbles, but

:33:25. > :33:28.we are on that path. -- by. Really, I am quite optimistic that this is a

:33:29. > :33:33.challenge which will make economies grow rather than the opposite. We

:33:34. > :33:38.have lived in the old fossil fuel economy and we need a challenge and

:33:39. > :33:41.that may make life that much better. Obviously we think of different ways

:33:42. > :33:46.of organising our cities and lives to use less carbon and to develop

:33:47. > :33:51.new industries that will be needed. Nothing can be done quickly, though.

:33:52. > :33:57.Which is why we need to start now. Many things will take ten or 20

:33:58. > :34:01.years to get going but we start now. Electric cars, we are getting

:34:02. > :34:04.charging points around, they are coming through, and we hope they

:34:05. > :34:08.will dominate the market in 20 years' time, so we can do things but

:34:09. > :34:14.we have to start now and go down the path. Some things will take a long

:34:15. > :34:18.time. Gennifer, any recriminations in Paris where some countries will

:34:19. > :34:21.say, we have been getting our act together and making the difference,

:34:22. > :34:27.and finger-pointing at other countries who have not? No,

:34:28. > :34:32.actually, there has been a spirit of constructive engagement. I think all

:34:33. > :34:38.of these national plans which came into Paris, 180 countries, the

:34:39. > :34:43.commitments they are making, there is tension. There are different

:34:44. > :34:47.positions and they need to shift more to come together but there is

:34:48. > :34:59.not a recriminations spirit here, it is a spirit of cooperation. Brian?

:35:00. > :35:03.Yes, we should be proud of what is going on, this is an amazing

:35:04. > :35:08.discussion between countries who have limited to go a long way down

:35:09. > :35:15.the line and given the pledges there, we might keep local warning

:35:16. > :35:20.to 2.7% or three degrees which is a long way to go. So we have to go

:35:21. > :35:24.that little bit more. -- 2.7 degrees. This is not easy because

:35:25. > :35:29.people are promising things that are difficult to do and then they are

:35:30. > :35:32.saying, we will help you do that, and give and take, so there is an

:35:33. > :35:37.amazing international discussion we have not seen anywhere else. It is

:35:38. > :35:49.good to speak to you both, thank you very much. Please have carried out

:35:50. > :35:59.an intelligence led operation. Armed officers were in attendance. A man

:36:00. > :36:10.received gunshot wounds in this. It is in Would Green in North London.

:36:11. > :36:15.-- Wood Green. We will check out that intelligence led operation

:36:16. > :36:20.which results resulted in a man receiving gunshot wounds. No clarity

:36:21. > :36:25.on his condition but we will keep you updated on that. A huge response

:36:26. > :36:30.from you this morning on the conversation we had earlier on women

:36:31. > :36:34.and obesity. A lot of you are disagreeing with Catherine who was

:36:35. > :36:37.in the studio. She is as size acceptance campaigner. Diane says

:36:38. > :36:41.you are responsible for what you put in your mouth. What is wrong with

:36:42. > :36:49.scare tactics? Maybe we need to be scared. Camilla says I believe all

:36:50. > :36:52.people, men or women, should have responsibility to take care of

:36:53. > :36:55.themselves. At these people never looked happy and you feel they are

:36:56. > :36:59.an comfortable and haven't attitude. In America, I notice obesity has got

:37:00. > :37:03.more in the last five years stop unfortunately I believe the UK is

:37:04. > :37:10.following. Another person says I have never seen so much rubbish,

:37:11. > :37:15.being obese is unhealthy. At the end of the day, we all have choices

:37:16. > :37:19.about what we stick in our mouth. I lost five stone, all I did was buy

:37:20. > :37:27.fresh meat and vegetables. John says we need attacks similar to alcohol

:37:28. > :37:32.and tobacco. -- a tax. All taxes raised should go to the NHS and care

:37:33. > :37:35.for the elderly. An anonymous person on Twitter says I am not sure women

:37:36. > :37:38.need lectures about the dangers of obesity in the same way that smokers

:37:39. > :37:43.don't need lectures about cigarettes. Thank you for all of

:37:44. > :37:57.your comments. To keep on getting in touch with us on that.

:37:58. > :38:00.With France still in a state of emergency, rights groups have

:38:01. > :38:02.warned it could lead to widespread abuses of civil liberties -

:38:03. > :38:04.in particular those of French Muslims.

:38:05. > :38:06.The emergency laws were declared following the Paris terrorist

:38:07. > :38:08.attacks nearly a month ago, which killed 130 people.

:38:09. > :38:11.They give special powers to French authorities to carry out raids

:38:12. > :38:12.on houses without judicial oversight.

:38:13. > :38:14.Some French Muslims have now started legal action to contest raids

:38:15. > :38:18.BBC Asian Network's Divya Talwar reports from Paris.

:38:19. > :38:20.An ordinary evening at this restaurant in Paris

:38:21. > :38:28.Dozens of armed police officers raided the restaurant,

:38:29. > :38:31.they forced open doors to search all the rooms in the building.

:38:32. > :38:34.Staff say the police found nothing and gave no reason

:38:35. > :38:40.They are worried the business would be targeted again

:38:41. > :38:42.because the owners and employees are all Muslim.

:38:43. > :38:47.Firstly, we saw the police passing in the street and two minutes

:38:48. > :38:52.after they came in, and then ten more, and they asked just not

:38:53. > :38:55.to move and leave our hands on the table, not to use

:38:56. > :38:58.the telephone, some to go upstairs, some downstairs, and they said,

:38:59. > :39:08.Afterwards, I did not want to say I was Muslim any more

:39:09. > :39:11.because it is like if you are Muslim, they judge you right now

:39:12. > :39:21.France's state of emergency was declared after the Paris terror

:39:22. > :39:23.attacks nearly a month ago and since then French authorities

:39:24. > :39:25.have conducted nearly 2000 raids and imposed house arrest

:39:26. > :39:34.For the first time, three mosques have also been closed.

:39:35. > :39:36.Because of France's state of emergency the police and security

:39:37. > :39:40.services have special powers to act quickly without judicial oversight.

:39:41. > :39:43.They can search homes and private property,

:39:44. > :39:46.even put people under house arrest without a warrant or permission

:39:47. > :39:53.Rights groups fear these powers will lead to widespread abuses

:39:54. > :39:58.The government needs to do everything it can to fight

:39:59. > :40:00.terrorism, not terrorise everyday citizens and this

:40:01. > :40:06.So far we do not have any clear indication about why

:40:07. > :40:10.For example they raided a humanitarian organisation under

:40:11. > :40:12.the suspicion of hiding weapons and narcotics.

:40:13. > :40:13.They showed up with no dogs, with nothing,

:40:14. > :40:26.When you see private property destroyed, mosques being thrashed,

:40:27. > :40:28.restaurants being raided and people handing over their keys

:40:29. > :40:31.for the police to come in, we see that the government does not

:40:32. > :40:34.care about the effects on people so of course we are afraid

:40:35. > :40:40.The French government has said they won't tolerate any raids that

:40:41. > :40:44.In a statement, the interior minister said the searches and house

:40:45. > :40:46.arrests are perfectly justified and based on sound information

:40:47. > :40:51.and the police have strict guidelines to follow.

:40:52. > :40:53.When they came they were banging on the door very, very loud,

:40:54. > :40:57.and then I opened the door and as soon as I opened the door

:40:58. > :41:05.Some French Muslims believe they are being disproportionately

:41:06. > :41:07.targeted and so far lawyers are challenging nearly

:41:08. > :41:13.This man is trying to take legal action after he says at least 30

:41:14. > :41:16.armed policeman raided his flat in the middle of the night.

:41:17. > :41:24.Which part of the house did they search?

:41:25. > :41:26.They searched my daughter's room, she was sleeping here.

:41:27. > :41:28.Your daughter was asleep at the time?

:41:29. > :41:33.She was sleeping here when the police came in.

:41:34. > :41:36.How did she reacts when the police officers came into

:41:37. > :41:51.When they came in and heard policeman outside telling me

:41:52. > :41:54.He says after four hours of searching the entire house,

:41:55. > :41:56.the officers left with nothing and he wasn't given any reason

:41:57. > :42:03.I understand there is a state of emergency so I understand

:42:04. > :42:13.if they come to my home, no problem, but they can knock the door,

:42:14. > :42:16.I will welcome them with a smile and coffee, no problem.

:42:17. > :42:21.I will reply to all of their questions but I am now very upset

:42:22. > :42:24.about how they came in, with guns and the building

:42:25. > :42:37.I think, really, they did it for one purpose, to put fear into the Muslim

:42:38. > :42:56.Not scared because I know I have done nothing so I'm not scared

:42:57. > :42:58.but since that night, I do not sleep well.

:42:59. > :43:01.The government says the emergency laws are necessary to protect French

:43:02. > :43:04.citizens from the threat of more terrorist attacks and there are now

:43:05. > :43:12.plans to extend some emergency powers beyond three months.

:43:13. > :43:15.You can find out more on the impact of France's emergency laws

:43:16. > :43:17.on Muslims in a special documentary on the Paris attacks

:43:18. > :43:27.It's a decision - not to make a decision -

:43:28. > :43:29.over whether a third runway should be built at Heathrow.

:43:30. > :43:32.The Government has been widely criticised for delaying its plans

:43:33. > :43:34.on airport expansion in the south-east of England

:43:35. > :43:36.Business groups accused ministers of being "gutless",

:43:37. > :43:39.arguing the delay is bad for the UK economy.

:43:40. > :43:41.But - the Government says it's because further research

:43:42. > :43:45.on the environmental impact was needed.

:43:46. > :43:53.Zac Goldsmith is a declared opponent of building a new runway at Rome. He

:43:54. > :43:58.joins me from Westminster, thank you. -- Heathrow. The blood saying

:43:59. > :44:03.it is about you. I am not part of the government 's or the committee

:44:04. > :44:07.who made the decision. -- people. I don't know how the decision was

:44:08. > :44:12.reached but along with thousands of campaign groups, I am proud to have

:44:13. > :44:15.done so because we are in the right place, and we are subjecting

:44:16. > :44:19.Heathrow and the alternatives to the same environmental test and I am

:44:20. > :44:23.convinced as most people are that either cannot pass the test so it

:44:24. > :44:28.effectively removes it off the menu. They made the decision knowing you

:44:29. > :44:33.had threatened to resign as an MP at Heathrow got the go-ahead. That is a

:44:34. > :44:38.decision I made eight years ago, I promise I made to my future

:44:39. > :44:43.constituents, I was not elected at the time. It is not a new or renewed

:44:44. > :44:46.threat, it was a promise I made eight years ago with no expiry date,

:44:47. > :44:51.it has been there all along since Russians began, so I don't do that

:44:52. > :44:58.is correct. -- discussions. Something else has occurred, we are

:44:59. > :45:02.six months away from the mayoral elections and you are standing as a

:45:03. > :45:08.candidate in that. If I had an impact on shifting the debate, a

:45:09. > :45:10.decision in doing the Heathrow expansion would have been

:45:11. > :45:14.catastrophic for London, the economic case as well as the

:45:15. > :45:18.environmental case. If we are in a place where we can look at a viable

:45:19. > :45:24.better alternative, that is a better thing, I will not apologise. Will

:45:25. > :45:27.some people look at this and say, effectively, even though your pledge

:45:28. > :45:32.was made so long ago, it was a gun to the head of the Prime Minister?

:45:33. > :45:36.It was not going to happen before the mayoral election. That is not

:45:37. > :45:41.the language I would use. It was a promise to my constituents eight

:45:42. > :45:45.years ago. When they heard David Cameron promising no ifs and no

:45:46. > :45:49.buts, no expansion, they loved what they heard but they did not believe

:45:50. > :45:53.it. I said if you vote for me as your MP, and elect me, if that

:45:54. > :45:56.promises broken, you will have a chance to vote again. A simple

:45:57. > :46:01.promise, no wiggle room, straightforward thinking, and

:46:02. > :46:05.promises matter in politics. Whether you call it a gun to the head, it

:46:06. > :46:10.was a promise that I was obliged to keep, and I would have kept it.

:46:11. > :46:18.Isn't a promise that he would make as Mayor? No. My job is to move the

:46:19. > :46:22.debate on. Then you would be directly answerable to people across

:46:23. > :46:28.London entirely, and if people don't want it, why not make the same

:46:29. > :46:32.pledge? I don't think it does any good, I am not thrilled I made the

:46:33. > :46:35.promise in 2008 egos I felt I needed to make it. You could argue

:46:36. > :46:42.logically that resigning is the worst way to achieve the outcome you

:46:43. > :46:45.want. If I am elected Mayor in May, I will be elected among a great many

:46:46. > :46:51.other things, to get the right answer to aviation. It does not hang

:46:52. > :46:56.together because you are saying that if you have affected the debate...

:46:57. > :47:00.You are saying that! If you have affected the debate with the pledge,

:47:01. > :47:04.that is a good thing, you are saying, but by making another

:47:05. > :47:08.pledge, you could affect the debate further rather than stepping away

:47:09. > :47:18.from it rather than saying if I win, I stand back from it. You are making

:47:19. > :47:22.that link and not me, I've made the case against Heathrow for many

:47:23. > :47:25.years, the occupants have strengthened as a result of the

:47:26. > :47:30.Airports Commission. You are the person making the link between the

:47:31. > :47:36.pledge and the Government's position. Not me, I'm putting it to

:47:37. > :47:43.you. I understand. As happens if you read the airport commission's report

:47:44. > :47:46.and the Davis review, he said the Government must satisfy itself that

:47:47. > :47:50.Heathrow can pass the environment or test. That is where we are. The only

:47:51. > :47:53.difference is the Government is subjecting the other options to the

:47:54. > :48:02.same test, which makes sense because if 5-6 -7 months down the line and

:48:03. > :48:06.Heathrow comes back and it cannot meet the test it makes sense to all

:48:07. > :48:09.adds of the same question. It's been described as a delay, this is a

:48:10. > :48:16.pragmatic delay of reaching the right answer more quickly. Did you

:48:17. > :48:20.have any questions with anybody in Downing Street about delaying the

:48:21. > :48:24.decision? I've been talking to anyone who listens, I've spoken to

:48:25. > :48:29.the Chancellor, the Prime Minister and ministers about this for the

:48:30. > :48:32.last few weeks, months and years. I've been lobbying continuously as

:48:33. > :48:37.you would expect. That is my job, and not just America can bet it, I'm

:48:38. > :48:43.a London MP and my job is to get things done. -- I'm not just a

:48:44. > :48:45.mayoral candidate. Zac Goldsmith, thank you.

:48:46. > :48:50.Let's get the latest weather update with Peter Gibbs.

:48:51. > :48:56.Difficult to know what season it is at the moment and even the plants

:48:57. > :49:01.are confused. Fiddles blooming in the weather garden, whereas in

:49:02. > :49:05.Pitlochry the day started with a covering of snow. The same contrast

:49:06. > :49:09.between North and South is maintained through the weekend, cold

:49:10. > :49:12.sitting around across the North, much milder air in the South. Over

:49:13. > :49:16.that boundary is where we will see lots of the rain and snow.

:49:17. > :49:20.Eventually the mild air will win out going into the start of next week.

:49:21. > :49:23.In the shorter term we have some snow in the mix across Scotland, a

:49:24. > :49:27.bit of rain at lower levels are particularly over the hill quite a

:49:28. > :49:30.lot piling up, pushing through on the strong winds. Rain showers

:49:31. > :49:33.across Northern Ireland and northern England but even here over higher

:49:34. > :49:38.ground there could be hail and sleet in the mix. It is all driven along

:49:39. > :49:43.by a cold wind, making it feel like winter once again today across

:49:44. > :49:48.Scotland, Northern Ireland, northern England, 5-7d the best in many

:49:49. > :49:50.places. Once you get down to Wales, west Midlands and East Anglia lots

:49:51. > :49:53.of sunshine breaking through but it takes longer for the brighter and

:49:54. > :49:58.clearer whether to arrive across the southernmost counties of England but

:49:59. > :50:04.it will stay most admired here, temperatures holding at around 10

:50:05. > :50:09.degrees. This evening and overnight -- the most mild here. The showers

:50:10. > :50:12.will clear away and it will turn cold under clear skies. You could

:50:13. > :50:17.see a meteor shower over the next few days. Widespread frost across

:50:18. > :50:21.Scotland and a touch of frost may be across northern parts of England and

:50:22. > :50:24.Northern Ireland for a time. Before the cloud starts pushing back

:50:25. > :50:28.northwards again. It's going to be quite a mix on the weather system

:50:29. > :50:32.tomorrow. That is snow across Pennine regions, particularly could

:50:33. > :50:36.be piling up. The worst of the rain and snow keeping clear of Cumbria.

:50:37. > :50:40.That is the key. Temperatures to the south of the rain band on the mild

:50:41. > :50:44.side. Emma North another cold day but a bright and crisp date for much

:50:45. > :50:49.of Scotland with relatively light winds and bubbly feeling better.

:50:50. > :50:53.Through Saturday night the rain band still sits there but it will start

:50:54. > :50:58.moving northwards. Quite a hard frost to the north of it, mild

:50:59. > :51:01.across southern parts of England, temperatures well below freezing

:51:02. > :51:06.over the snowfields of Scotland under those clear skies, could even

:51:07. > :51:12.go down to -10, in some of the Glens of Scotland. On Sunday and mild air

:51:13. > :51:17.pushing northwards again, cloudier skies working their way up across

:51:18. > :51:19.England, Wales and Northern Ireland, eventually reaching Scotland. And

:51:20. > :51:21.then we are back into the mild air by the time we get back into the

:51:22. > :51:27.start of next week. Hello it's, Friday, it's 10am,

:51:28. > :51:29.I'm Joanna Gosling, welcome to the programme if

:51:30. > :51:31.you've just joined us. Coming up before 11: Are children

:51:32. > :51:34.in residential care being failed We'll be talking exclusively

:51:35. > :51:38.to the man who's leading a review of care homes in England -

:51:39. > :51:48.and he'll be talking to our audience It is a great opportunity to talk

:51:49. > :51:50.through the issues. Stay with us, coming up in a moment.

:51:51. > :51:52.Women are told that being overweight is the single biggest threat

:51:53. > :51:59.But will people listen to the warning?

:52:00. > :52:05.Obesity, rather like smoking, contributes to a vast amount.

:52:06. > :52:08.Do you think larger people like to be large, do you think we've

:52:09. > :52:18.If it was preventable, or possible to cure it we would.

:52:19. > :52:20.No larger person gets up in the morning and says,

:52:21. > :52:26.We'll find out how one family from Syria is trying to build

:52:27. > :52:37.There is no space, my room is very small, there is no space for my baby

:52:38. > :52:46.to play, only to sleep. Obesity is such a threat to women's

:52:47. > :52:53.health that it should be declared a national risk - according

:52:54. > :52:56.to England's Chief Medical Officer. Dame Sally Davies says obesity

:52:57. > :52:58.is so serious it should be a priority for the whole population,

:52:59. > :53:01.but particularly for women because too often it

:53:02. > :53:10.shortened their lives. We need to help women understand how

:53:11. > :53:16.it limits life in very many ways. And we need to, by helping women and

:53:17. > :53:19.everyone, make healthy options the easy option.

:53:20. > :53:21.Scotland Yard say police have shot a man during an intelligence

:53:22. > :53:23.led operation in the Wood Green area

:53:24. > :53:27.The man's condition is unknown and there are no reports

:53:28. > :53:32.Climate change talks in Paris are extended until Saturday,

:53:33. > :53:34.to try to reach agreement on tackling global warming -

:53:35. > :53:40.but there are reports of progress in several crucial areas.

:53:41. > :53:42.Businesses have reacted furiously after the government announced

:53:43. > :53:48.a delay in deciding whether to expand London's Heathrow Airport.

:53:49. > :53:53.The Prime Minister has said the decision will be made next summer,

:53:54. > :53:54.after further research on the environmental impact.

:53:55. > :53:56.Former Glasgow Rangers footballer Arnold Peralta has been shot dead

:53:57. > :53:58.while on holiday in his hometown in Honduras.

:53:59. > :54:02.Peralta had been due to play for his national team in a friendly

:54:03. > :54:09.Let's catch up with all the sport now.

:54:10. > :54:18.Good morning again. Bad news again for Uefa President Michel Platini.

:54:19. > :54:20.The Court of Arbitration for Sport refused to allow him back to work

:54:21. > :54:26.and end his 90 basis pension from football early. Platini has denied

:54:27. > :54:30.taking a payment from Sepp Blatter, as an investigation into the pair

:54:31. > :54:36.continues. Richard Conway is in Paris for us. What has CAS had to

:54:37. > :54:42.say this morning. What the court have decided is they

:54:43. > :54:46.want a decision against, over the case against Platini, to be decided

:54:47. > :54:49.over the 90 day period he is currently serving, they don't want

:54:50. > :54:52.it extended beyond that. They say that for now the suspension remains

:54:53. > :54:58.in place, and that eventually that final decision can be made to bring

:54:59. > :55:01.clarity to the case. That is where it stands. In a bit of limbo but we

:55:02. > :55:07.expect further develop meets next week. We expect hearings as Fifa's

:55:08. > :55:11.Ethics Committee build to a final judgment, and we expect that as

:55:12. > :55:18.early as Monday 21st of December. How much can we read into the

:55:19. > :55:21.decision from CAS, because it was suggested in many quarters that if

:55:22. > :55:27.he was allowed to end his ban early you may have concrete evidence to

:55:28. > :55:31.suggest he was innocent. Michel Platini is trying to provide

:55:32. > :55:36.evidence to show that, as he says, is an innocent party. What the court

:55:37. > :55:39.has been asked to do is not look at the facts but whether it was fair to

:55:40. > :55:45.exclude him from the Fifa presidential process. Platini wants

:55:46. > :55:49.to succeed setback to in the election. He's banned from all

:55:50. > :55:52.football activity at the moment. He cannot be a candidate in the Fifa

:55:53. > :55:56.presidential election. He went to the court and asked if it could be

:55:57. > :55:59.lifted, is this fair, I want to be a candidate. The court came back to

:56:00. > :56:03.say he would get a final decision in the next few weeks, that will be

:56:04. > :56:08.fair. If it goes beyond that you can come back and talk to spend. For now

:56:09. > :56:12.the facts of the case remain to be inevitably we will be back in this

:56:13. > :56:17.situation in a few weeks in January if the case goes against him. There

:56:18. > :56:24.is a big Euro 2016 draw tomorrow. The Uefa meeting too as well. Uefa

:56:25. > :56:28.is here in Paris for the big Euro 2016 draw taking place tomorrow. I

:56:29. > :56:31.can tell you that Michel Platini was ready and waiting to go to that draw

:56:32. > :56:35.tomorrow. He wasn't going to take part in it but he was going to be in

:56:36. > :56:39.the audience and watching on, a symbol as he saw it, that he was

:56:40. > :56:42.back in business and back as a candidate for Fifa aback as

:56:43. > :56:48.President of Uefa. That has all been put back on hold. We await a final

:56:49. > :56:53.verdict from Fifa's Ethics Committee, that will be on the 21st

:56:54. > :56:57.of December and based on what happens in that judgment we will see

:56:58. > :57:00.if it goes to appeal again, whether Michel Platini, if cleared, is back

:57:01. > :57:06.in business and back as a Fifa presidential candidate.

:57:07. > :57:10.Thank you for joining us, Richard. That's all the sport for now, I will

:57:11. > :57:11.have the rest of the headlines at 10:30am.

:57:12. > :57:13.Great stuff, thank you. Hello -

:57:14. > :57:15.thank you for joining us this morning, welcome to the programme

:57:16. > :57:17.if you've just joined us, we're on BBC 2 and the BBC News

:57:18. > :57:21.Channel until 11am this morning. Your contributions to this

:57:22. > :57:26.programme and your expertise There has been a big response from

:57:27. > :57:32.you about our conversation earlier on women and obesity. Lots of you

:57:33. > :57:36.disagreeing with Catherine. Shirley says I'm fed up with a obese people

:57:37. > :57:39.blaming everyone else but themselves. It is their choice and

:57:40. > :57:43.theirs alone what they eat. Why should the taxpayer shoulder what is

:57:44. > :57:49.yet another self-inflicted burden? And analyst text says if it was

:57:50. > :57:53.manufacturers' fault, everybody would be obese, it's up to the

:57:54. > :57:55.individual. Get involved, texts charged at the standard rate.

:57:56. > :57:58.And of course you can watch the programme online wherever

:57:59. > :58:01.you are - via the bbc news app or our website bbc.co.uk/victoria.

:58:02. > :58:04.You can also subscribe to all our features on the news app,

:58:05. > :58:06.by going to add topics and searching 'Victoria Derbyshire'.

:58:07. > :58:12.This morning we're speaking exclusively to Sir Martin Narey

:58:13. > :58:14.who is heading the review of residential care homes

:58:15. > :58:21.The Government launched a wide ranging review in October 2015

:58:22. > :58:24.and Martin Narey's report is due in Spring 2016.

:58:25. > :58:27.The Department for Education hopes it will help prevent a life

:58:28. > :58:30.of disadvantage for some of the most vulnerable children in care -

:58:31. > :58:33.children who are less likely to do well at school and more likely

:58:34. > :58:35.to take part in risky behaviour than their classmates.

:58:36. > :58:37.There are more than 8,000 children and young people

:58:38. > :58:44.the leaving age is 18-years-old compared to a leaving age

:58:45. > :58:47.of 21 for those living in foster care.

:58:48. > :58:50.Around ?1 billion is spent every year by local government

:58:51. > :58:53.in England to cover the cost of children's care home places.

:58:54. > :58:56.Here to talk about this in his first broadcast interview

:58:57. > :58:58.as the Chair of the review - is Sir Martin Narey.

:58:59. > :59:02.We also have an audience of people with us who live in care -

:59:03. > :59:04.or have recently left, people who work in children's homes

:59:05. > :59:07.or have other personal experiences of residential care.

:59:08. > :59:16.Thank you for joining us. Martin, first of all, tell us, the

:59:17. > :59:19.review was launched in October. Where have you got in terms of

:59:20. > :59:25.working out what the scope is going to be? I'm still very much in the

:59:26. > :59:31.preliminary stages. It's an incredibly complex matter. But it is

:59:32. > :59:36.a fascinating matter, and I believe desperately that we can do better

:59:37. > :59:39.with the ?1 billion we spend on these 8000 children. But it's very

:59:40. > :59:42.the catered. I'm still meeting people and listening to people, very

:59:43. > :59:49.interested in the comments from people this morning, all of whom

:59:50. > :59:52.know far more than me about this at the moment. Do you feel you have a

:59:53. > :59:59.clear direction question you said the one being pounds spent on kids

:00:00. > :00:05.in residential care could be as bent better, would that mean taking them

:00:06. > :00:12.out of care? -- could be spent better. I generally don't no. I've

:00:13. > :00:17.seen great staff in residential care, working in residential care.

:00:18. > :00:20.If they worked in Germany or Denmark they'd be the most highly praised,

:00:21. > :00:24.the highest status social workers in the country. They are not regarded

:00:25. > :00:28.with the same respect here. But my sense is they do some tremendous

:00:29. > :00:31.work with the most difficult and challenging children. The children

:00:32. > :00:34.have not done anything wrong. They've been damaged by neglect at

:00:35. > :00:38.home and often successive foster care placements. When they leave

:00:39. > :00:43.care they sometimes leave care, as you piece showed, terribly abruptly.

:00:44. > :00:49.They get into great difficulties. I sense we can do better. I'm not

:00:50. > :00:51.limited to save we should only spend ?1 billion and I've not been asked

:00:52. > :00:56.by the government to drive down numbers and spend less, I've been

:00:57. > :00:59.asked for my ideas about how we can do better. We have an open mind and

:01:00. > :01:03.lots of people here with experience that they want to share with you.

:01:04. > :01:08.Let's star with you, Hayley. Tell us about your experiences

:01:09. > :01:16.I was taken into full-time care at six and was with a foster carer for

:01:17. > :01:22.numerous years. Different types, non-authority, private and local

:01:23. > :01:27.authority. I moved to a kids' home when I was 15 and stayed until I was

:01:28. > :01:32.18 and then moved on to semi-independence. What would you

:01:33. > :01:37.take from your experiences that would be helpful for you to tell

:01:38. > :01:43.Martin in terms of how to make sure people have as good as possible and

:01:44. > :01:50.experience? I enjoyed my time in residential care, it was amazing, as

:01:51. > :01:53.malt unit but there was no stay put scheme for residential kids, it was

:01:54. > :01:58.only four foster placements. Explain what that was. It is where you can

:01:59. > :02:09.stay until you are 21 with your foster carers, working through your

:02:10. > :02:15.financials. Is that an obvious discrepancy which can be dealt with

:02:16. > :02:19.easily? It is but it is not clear that all children in residential

:02:20. > :02:22.care would want to stay on and there are difficulties about having

:02:23. > :02:28.children becoming adults in residential care. What is obvious is

:02:29. > :02:33.that I don't think it happens very often but the suggestion we should

:02:34. > :02:39.take any child on, reaching their 18th day, and put them in a flat on

:02:40. > :02:45.their own, when we are still driving our own kids University and caring

:02:46. > :02:49.for them, is preposterous, and I've think there is easily something we

:02:50. > :02:53.can do to improve matters. -- driving them to university. Most

:02:54. > :03:04.residential care homes I have seen trying not to do that. I was in a

:03:05. > :03:07.care home recently and she had left a care home previously and

:03:08. > :03:10.routinely, she dropped in for a slice of toast and they offered her

:03:11. > :03:15.the same sort of care that they would have done if she were a

:03:16. > :03:18.mother. There was a lot of that where care homes are not paid but

:03:19. > :03:24.they do it conscientiously. That sounds good. You are 19, you were in

:03:25. > :03:31.foster care from six years of age and lived there until 11. My mum and

:03:32. > :03:38.dad had mental health problems so I was put into foster care when I was

:03:39. > :03:46.six and I was there but moved to about 13 foster placements. It was

:03:47. > :03:53.difficult. I was angry at the time so I was breathing. I did not really

:03:54. > :03:57.understand. Residential care was better for me, I was not invading

:03:58. > :04:05.anyone's family life, I could build relationships. My care worker told

:04:06. > :04:09.the care home not to contact me and even my support with her and the

:04:10. > :04:14.other support team did not help me. I have help from my family and

:04:15. > :04:18.friends but it was bad to leave, that was the hardest part. Such a

:04:19. > :04:23.destructive childhood but you found your feet when you went into

:04:24. > :04:29.residential care? That is counter to what a lot of people might expect.

:04:30. > :04:36.Well, I was off for five years so I dealt relationships. -- I was there.

:04:37. > :04:42.-- I built relationships. They helped me to understand who I was

:04:43. > :04:46.and why I was angry. What support was there for you? I had a key

:04:47. > :04:57.worker, a number of key workers. Were they like the parents? Yes, I

:04:58. > :05:01.have one now got me onto this show. -- who got me. They are like a

:05:02. > :05:06.family, they are great. Let's bring in VB. Currently in a small

:05:07. > :05:17.children's home with just two other young people and staff. -- Phoebe.

:05:18. > :05:21.Us about your expenses. I was there for two years and I kept making the

:05:22. > :05:26.same mistakes when I was living at home so I got put into Stafford and

:05:27. > :05:30.I made one mistake when I was there, and since then, I have been to

:05:31. > :05:33.college, got a job, and now I am moving on to semi-independence and

:05:34. > :05:40.doing my own thing, taking driving lessons. When you see kept making

:05:41. > :05:47.mistakes... I was running away. -- when you say. I got put into care

:05:48. > :05:50.but I kept running away when I was put into a care home so I was put

:05:51. > :05:55.into Stafford, and ran away once when I was there, and since that

:05:56. > :06:02.mistake, I got a job, went to college, started driving lessons.

:06:03. > :06:06.What turned things around? It is moving out of that circle of people

:06:07. > :06:12.who I was with. Moving away from that has made me change. I am not

:06:13. > :06:16.with them any more. Like, I have made my own friends, I got a job,

:06:17. > :06:23.went to college, it's driving lessons, it changes you. Bail,

:06:24. > :06:29.sitting next to you, is the manager of the children's home where you

:06:30. > :06:37.live. What is your perspective? -- Dale. We are proud of her

:06:38. > :06:41.live. What is your perspective? -- the appalling things was moving away

:06:42. > :06:48.people are often run into something people are often run into something

:06:49. > :06:50.not away from something. Keeping a distance between

:06:51. > :06:53.not away from something. Keeping a associating with who were putting

:06:54. > :06:57.her at risk was important, she had time and space to stop and think

:06:58. > :07:04.about what she was doing, the support from us -- with support from

:07:05. > :07:07.us. Expand on that because people might think it is better for anybody

:07:08. > :07:11.who has been taken away from their home to stay in the area because it

:07:12. > :07:16.is where they go to school and whatever, there are links that might

:07:17. > :07:27.denude, but you are saying that sometimes it is the opposite. Yes.

:07:28. > :07:30.-- might continue. She was running away

:07:31. > :07:33.-- might continue. She was running putting her into a residential home

:07:34. > :07:37.in the same area meant she was at risk of being drawn to the same

:07:38. > :07:42.undesirable people who exploit her. To actually separate her from that

:07:43. > :07:49.group of people meant we were able to keep her safe and I believe that

:07:50. > :07:54.it is almost like a weight of Phoebe's shoulders. The sort of home

:07:55. > :07:57.you are talking about is not necessarily the image that a lot of

:07:58. > :07:59.people might have, traditional view of a children's home. A large

:08:00. > :08:07.establishment with lots of kids. of a children's home. A large

:08:08. > :08:12.Absolutely not. What is it like? The ethos is to create a family

:08:13. > :08:17.environment and in any family the centre of that family, everything

:08:18. > :08:24.you do and think about, the young person, your children. Likewise, the

:08:25. > :08:28.home we are at, the children form the most important part of that, the

:08:29. > :08:30.centre of what we think about and do. Even if

:08:31. > :08:31.centre of what we think about and are thought about so we can support

:08:32. > :08:37.them. They actually feel are thought about so we can support

:08:38. > :08:41.worthy, valued and loved for and cared for. What have your

:08:42. > :08:47.experiences been? I have been cared for. What have your

:08:48. > :08:49.residential care that have been in cared for. What have your

:08:50. > :08:54.the care system cared for. What have your

:08:55. > :08:57.was with my last foster parents for ten years. I cannot stress the

:08:58. > :09:04.importance of being within a loving and stable family environment. I

:09:05. > :09:09.think young people and children in care are amongst the most vulnerable

:09:10. > :09:10.people in society, and I really think it is important to provide

:09:11. > :09:16.that young person with think it is important to provide

:09:17. > :09:23.very stable, have the right people amongst them to boost them and push

:09:24. > :09:31.them to give them a supportive environment. I currently live in a

:09:32. > :09:36.loving home and without the backbone and support of parents that pushed

:09:37. > :09:40.me and kept me on the straight and narrow through difficult times...

:09:41. > :09:44.Young people in care do have very difficult and angry times and

:09:45. > :09:52.confused people. You work voluntarily care homes, is that

:09:53. > :09:59.right? I was working as a councillor for Lambeth Council. When you see

:10:00. > :10:04.these kids and where it is going wrong, what is it for you that is

:10:05. > :10:09.going wrong? It is a lot about leaving care, there is not a lot of

:10:10. > :10:16.support young people who have left care, financially and in terms of

:10:17. > :10:21.supporting that carer emotionally -- that care lever emotionally, and

:10:22. > :10:29.providing that information and knowledge to live and to do normal

:10:30. > :10:37.things that they should do at aged 18. It is not a good situation that

:10:38. > :10:42.people leave their homes and environment when they are 18, they

:10:43. > :10:45.need that knowledge and support in a normal case, at a normal family

:10:46. > :10:51.home, a young person would not leave at 18 to live by themselves and pay

:10:52. > :11:01.Bills, so I think that needs to be rethought. Martin, what do you make

:11:02. > :11:06.about this on what is jumping out at you? This issue of leaving care and

:11:07. > :11:12.the fact we do something to ease children into adulthood and carry on

:11:13. > :11:16.the support they need. Bearing in mind the stories you have got here,

:11:17. > :11:21.these are great successes and they have gone on into higher education

:11:22. > :11:25.and have done well. There are lots of children and young adults who are

:11:26. > :11:29.having a terrible time and have found the transition to an altered

:11:30. > :11:33.overwhelming and have got into trouble, getting into the criminal

:11:34. > :11:38.justice system. It is those we have to redress and we have to give them

:11:39. > :11:45.the extended care and support that we as parents give to our own kids.

:11:46. > :11:49.-- have two address. When you are 36 but you had a tough time and ended

:11:50. > :11:58.up in prison, talkers rue that. I was adopted from age to my adoption

:11:59. > :12:08.broke down when I was about eight, and I... At the age of eight? What

:12:09. > :12:15.with the issues? -- what were the issues # I was quite disruptive

:12:16. > :12:20.child but my adoptive parents had issues that she needed to deal with.

:12:21. > :12:24.You moved on from there. That broke down and I got put into local

:12:25. > :12:30.authority care and that is where I stayed. Because I was deemed a

:12:31. > :12:34.troubled child, because I was deemed destructive, I went from pillar to

:12:35. > :12:37.post, from children's home to children's home, from boarding

:12:38. > :12:45.school to boarding school, until eventually at the age of 15, I was

:12:46. > :12:53.hurt in a bed and breakfast and told to collect ?110 a week. -- I was

:12:54. > :12:57.put. On your own? On my own in a bed and breakfast until a month before I

:12:58. > :13:03.was 16, I was given the keys to my own independent flat which at the

:13:04. > :13:07.time, I thought it was great, parties and this and that, it was

:13:08. > :13:14.everything! At the same time, looking back at it, that has to be a

:13:15. > :13:19.big neglect from Islington social services. Could that happen now?

:13:20. > :13:29.Yes, it still does. I think it happens much less than is suggested.

:13:30. > :13:31.It should not ever happen. I have not seen any foster carers or

:13:32. > :13:35.residential growers who have let that happen but sometimes it is

:13:36. > :13:39.children who walk away and we have to do something to prevent that, but

:13:40. > :13:45.when someone reaches adulthood and they want nothing to do with their

:13:46. > :13:51.carers, you might have to be around to pick up the pieces. I work with a

:13:52. > :13:55.lot of young people now who are leaving care with an organisation

:13:56. > :14:03.called the Big House and we still see it today, 16-year-olds getting

:14:04. > :14:09.keys to a flat. I must talk to because that is outrageous. The

:14:10. > :14:14.organisation I work with, we bridge mainstream society, budgeting,

:14:15. > :14:21.healthy eating, psychological therapy, drama. But there was never

:14:22. > :14:24.an organisation like that when I was young and if it were not for an

:14:25. > :14:32.organisation like this, these young people we deal with would still be

:14:33. > :14:37.damaged if you like. Residential care and children services, they do

:14:38. > :14:41.not want that to happen. If it happens, it is outrageous that I

:14:42. > :14:47.believe it happened in a minority of cases. -- children's. I will talk to

:14:48. > :14:55.you. Is bring in dog who has been at foster carer for 18 years. -- Doug.

:14:56. > :14:58.You have a wealth of experience. We have a sign in our home which says,

:14:59. > :15:02.be nice to me, I live with teenagers. Many of us can identify

:15:03. > :15:09.with that. Tell us what you can share about your experiences of how

:15:10. > :15:12.to help children in care because obviously they have come from

:15:13. > :15:17.troubled backgrounds. We must not lose sight of the fact that a lot of

:15:18. > :15:23.young people in the care system have developmental issues as a result of

:15:24. > :15:26.their early experiences, and that is what informs their judgments and

:15:27. > :15:32.actions as they go through life. A lot of them, a number of them are

:15:33. > :15:39.not happy in foster care. They have had issues they cannot form

:15:40. > :15:44.relationships with families. We have five young people who have been

:15:45. > :15:50.looked after who have caused issues within the placement because they do

:15:51. > :15:54.not fit in, it does not suit them. Their way of expressing it is to

:15:55. > :15:58.misbehave and become bad children. And to show what behaviours that are

:15:59. > :16:03.not acceptable. They have gone on in some cases to residential care and

:16:04. > :16:08.benefited from that. We have also had the opposite end of the effect

:16:09. > :16:11.where we have recently had a young person who has come through some

:16:12. > :16:15.residential care, came to us at the age of 13 and over the last six

:16:16. > :16:21.months we have helped him integrate into his family. He is now back home

:16:22. > :16:24.living with his birth family. And so we have seen both ends of it and we

:16:25. > :16:31.can see the importance and value that residential care has. Tell us

:16:32. > :16:37.more, I know this is an interesting point you wanted to pick up on,

:16:38. > :16:40.Martin, about the kids who don't necessarily fit into a foster care

:16:41. > :16:44.home because the level of support is not there. What level of support do

:16:45. > :16:50.they need? If we could get every child to do well in foster care, as

:16:51. > :16:54.we have heard today, ten years in foster care, people who are really

:16:55. > :16:58.your parents, that would be the model we wouldn't abandon. But there

:16:59. > :17:02.are some children who we will try in foster care over and over again

:17:03. > :17:08.despite the efforts of fantastic people. He didn't tell you he took

:17:09. > :17:12.the child at half hour's notice last night. These are remarkable people

:17:13. > :17:18.but some children will not survive there. If you can identify who those

:17:19. > :17:23.children are and get them into residential care earlier and give

:17:24. > :17:26.them stability in residential care, as Phoebe has done, they will do

:17:27. > :17:29.rather well. There is something about finding out which of the

:17:30. > :17:33.children who will do well in foster care and which of them who won't,

:17:34. > :17:36.and perhaps getting in them into residential care early, or perhaps

:17:37. > :17:41.blurring the distinction between residential care and foster care. On

:17:42. > :17:45.the figures, if there are 8000 children in residential care,

:17:46. > :17:48.potentially do you think they are all the sorts of children that we

:17:49. > :17:54.are talking about here who need to be there, or might the numbers be

:17:55. > :17:56.reduced? I think every local authority and social worker, if I

:17:57. > :18:01.can find a family placement that will work for a child they are doing

:18:02. > :18:05.that first. Most children in residential care will have had five

:18:06. > :18:08.or more family placements. They will have been tried in fostering on many

:18:09. > :18:14.occasions and they will have left and tried again and left. Sometimes

:18:15. > :18:18.they ricochet between foster care, residential care, foster care,

:18:19. > :18:22.residential care. It is by no means unusual to meet someone in care

:18:23. > :18:27.who's been in 24, 25 different placements. Just to go on what Doug

:18:28. > :18:30.said about forming relationships and young people not willing to put the

:18:31. > :18:34.work into form relationships, it's actually about trust and whether

:18:35. > :18:41.they should actually invest in forming irreligion ship when every

:18:42. > :18:47.time they have tried that, in their mind's eye, they have been moved. In

:18:48. > :18:53.their mind they have got it wrong. Phoebe said she made mistakes. She

:18:54. > :18:57.didn't do anything wrong at all. You thought it was a reflection of you

:18:58. > :19:03.rather than your personal circumstances. I was living at my

:19:04. > :19:10.mum's house. It wasn't working. But you thought it was your fault? It

:19:11. > :19:16.was my fault. Why do you say that? Dale says it was not your fault. My

:19:17. > :19:20.mum lanes it on me. I don't know, I was the youngest in my family, not

:19:21. > :19:25.the youngest youngest but the fourth youngest. I got treated differently

:19:26. > :19:30.to everyone else because I was in the middle age. The only way to help

:19:31. > :19:36.myself was to run, to get myself out of it. Let's bring in Krish, because

:19:37. > :19:41.we have not heard from you. You've been a foster carer for ten years,

:19:42. > :19:47.tell us your perspective. We have been foster carers for ten years, we

:19:48. > :19:52.are foster carers and we have our own kids. You have six kids in

:19:53. > :19:56.are foster carers and we have our house? I work for a network of

:19:57. > :20:00.foster carers and adopted carers across the country that tries to

:20:01. > :20:04.find more carers. There are systemic problems in the residential care

:20:05. > :20:08.system. When we saw the terrible paedophile rings preying on young

:20:09. > :20:13.girls in Rochdale and in Oxfordshire, often they were coming

:20:14. > :20:18.out of residential care homes, because there was not enough staff

:20:19. > :20:21.and not enough funding. Some of the staff there in some of those

:20:22. > :20:28.circumstances were low-paid workers, low skills. Compare that with

:20:29. > :20:30.Scandinavia where they have more of a therapeutic culture, where

:20:31. > :20:34.residential homes are not seen as the last ditch for people who have

:20:35. > :20:36.failed in foster care, at a viable alternative for some young people

:20:37. > :20:40.that need that. alternative for some young people

:20:41. > :20:43.anything like that here. You only end up in residential care when

:20:44. > :20:47.you've been to five or six different foster carers. Young people will

:20:48. > :20:51.sense that, foster carers. Young people will

:20:52. > :20:53.ditch hope for you. That is foster carers. Young people will

:20:54. > :20:57.was going to say and that's the problem, when a young person is put

:20:58. > :21:00.into care, whether it is foster care or residential care, the first time

:21:01. > :21:03.they go into foster care they already feel like an outsider.

:21:04. > :21:09.they go into foster care they already feel like a second-class

:21:10. > :21:12.citizen. When they are getting put from foster home to foster home, and

:21:13. > :21:16.told the last resort is now a from foster home to foster home, and

:21:17. > :21:22.residential home you give up on yourself. There is nothing more for

:21:23. > :21:26.you. We need a culture change, we need more support for foster caring.

:21:27. > :21:31.If they had more training of more support less of them would break

:21:32. > :21:36.down. Loss of our caseworkers have incredible caseloads at the moment

:21:37. > :21:46.so lots of the placements are not well transitioned what thought

:21:47. > :21:49.through. I think you need to bear in mind, lots of these children have

:21:50. > :21:55.been badly damaged by what happened to them at home. Their ability to

:21:56. > :21:59.trust adults is gravely hampered by that. When they have had five or six

:22:00. > :22:02.foster placements, it's difficult for them to settle into residential

:22:03. > :22:06.care for stop one of the lessons for me is we need to intervene early. We

:22:07. > :22:13.need to rescue some of these children from neglect before Iraq --

:22:14. > :22:16.irreparable damage is done. The keyword for me that has been used in

:22:17. > :22:20.almost every interview I have had and heard so much this morning is

:22:21. > :22:23.stability. Children need to be in the same place and know they belong

:22:24. > :22:27.somewhere and know they will not change just homes but not schools

:22:28. > :22:35.will stop perhaps this time next year. Report back. I would love to.

:22:36. > :22:36.Martin, I know that you want to hear from anybody out there who has

:22:37. > :22:50.experience on this. The review headed up by Sir Martin

:22:51. > :22:57.covers England but in Scotgland there was a review in 2009 -

:22:58. > :23:00.and the Scottish Government has recently announced a new strategy

:23:01. > :23:02.which includes introducing a degree qualification for staff

:23:03. > :23:04.who work in children's In Northern Ireland there

:23:05. > :23:07.was a review in 2013 which recommended that they increase

:23:08. > :23:10.the number of smaller children's That is something we have talked

:23:11. > :23:13.about here. And in Wales, the introduction

:23:14. > :23:16.of new laws in 2016 and 2017 are hoped to overhaul

:23:17. > :23:18.the way care is delivered, including placements

:23:19. > :23:20.for looked-after children, framework for regulating children's

:23:21. > :23:26.homes. The Chief Executive

:23:27. > :23:37.of Southern Health NHS Foundation Trust has said

:23:38. > :23:40.It was after a BBC News revealed that more than a thousand

:23:41. > :23:45.unexpected deaths had not More than 1000 and expected deaths

:23:46. > :23:48.of mental health and learning disability patients have not been

:23:49. > :23:53.investigated by the trust. She has spoken to our social affairs

:23:54. > :24:01.correspondent Michael Buchanan. He is in Southampton for us now. What

:24:02. > :24:05.has she said? The embattled Chief Executive of Southern health has not

:24:06. > :24:09.been seen for a couple of days since widespread failings were revealed at

:24:10. > :24:12.the trust that she runs. There in mind this report that we saw blamed

:24:13. > :24:18.the senior leadership saying there was a failure of leadership at Seven

:24:19. > :24:22.Health that led to these problems. We have of course made repeated

:24:23. > :24:26.efforts to get an interview with Katrina Percy but she did not want

:24:27. > :24:30.to meet as so early this morning we went to meet her.

:24:31. > :24:37.Obviously it is absolutely tragic whenever anybody loses a loved one.

:24:38. > :24:41.I'm very sorry to them. And of course, we do investigate and talk

:24:42. > :24:46.to families. We really have looked to improve our processes for that. I

:24:47. > :24:51.was just checking with my clinical leaders yesterday to reassure

:24:52. > :24:56.myself, in the last six months in every investigation we have done the

:24:57. > :25:00.families have been involved in every single one of those cases. I'm

:25:01. > :25:05.really sorry we haven't got some of our investigations right in the

:25:06. > :25:11.past. Clearly that's the case. Jeremy Hunt has said he is shocked

:25:12. > :25:15.by what has happened. Are you apologising to the family and will

:25:16. > :25:18.you be resigning? My job is to lead a very large organisation and make

:25:19. > :25:21.sure we have the right environment for our doctors and nurses who

:25:22. > :25:27.worked really hard every single day without patience. That is my job and

:25:28. > :25:32.I'm continuing to do that at the moment -- patients. Katrina Percy

:25:33. > :25:37.was defiant in those few minutes when she spoke to us. She

:25:38. > :25:41.essentially said that she contests the findings of this NHS England

:25:42. > :25:47.commissioned report. She said they had failed to understand the numbers

:25:48. > :25:51.they had provided to them. She also went on to say that the trust here

:25:52. > :25:56.is not an outlier in terms of the number of unexpected deaths that

:25:57. > :26:01.occur. She said as well that they have now changed their processes

:26:02. > :26:05.overhauled their processes, in fact, and in their words they now contact

:26:06. > :26:08.every family in the process of an investigation. One of the key

:26:09. > :26:12.findings of the regional report was that in nearly two thirds of cases

:26:13. > :26:18.the trust did not involve any families at all.

:26:19. > :26:25.Thank you, Michael. Thank you for joining us today.

:26:26. > :26:28.We'll have a special report from Germany speaking

:26:29. > :26:30.to Syrian refugees trying to make a new life there

:26:31. > :26:34.And overweight women are warned they're risking their health -

:26:35. > :26:36.we'll speak to one woman about her battle to shed

:26:37. > :26:48.A man has died after he was shot during an intelligence led operation

:26:49. > :26:52.in the Wood Green area of north London this morning. There are no

:26:53. > :26:53.reports of any other injuries. Scotland Yard says the operation was

:26:54. > :26:56.not related to terrorism. Obesity is such a threat to women's

:26:57. > :26:59.health that it should be declared a national risk -

:27:00. > :27:01.according to England's Dame Sally Davies says obesity

:27:02. > :27:05.is so serious it should be a priority for the whole population,

:27:06. > :27:07.but particularly for women because too often it

:27:08. > :27:12.shortens their lives. We need to make women undertsand how

:27:13. > :27:18.it limits life in many ways and we need to, by helping women

:27:19. > :27:21.and everyone, make healthy options Climate change talks in Paris

:27:22. > :27:33.are extended until Saturday, to try to reach agreement

:27:34. > :27:35.on tackling global warming - but there are reports of progress

:27:36. > :27:41.in several crucial areas. A number of difficult issues have

:27:42. > :27:42.been partially resolved but further compromise is needed to conclude a

:27:43. > :27:43.deal. Businesses have reacted furiously

:27:44. > :27:45.after the government announced whether to expand London's Heathrow

:27:46. > :27:48.Airport. The Prime Minister has said

:27:49. > :27:50.the decision will be made next summer after further research

:27:51. > :27:59.on the environmental impact. Approximately 1 million refugees

:28:00. > :28:02.have been registered in Germany this year. Around half of them are

:28:03. > :28:08.Syrian. As the country adapts to the new arrivals are reporter has been

:28:09. > :28:14.to the east of Germany to meet two families. One German, one Syrian.

:28:15. > :28:23.This is Mohammed who is seven, Sophia, who is four,

:28:24. > :28:28.and Nor who is 18 months old.

:28:29. > :28:31.He came ahead of his family, overland to Germany from Syria

:28:32. > :28:39.He was imprisoned by the Syrian regime and so fled.

:28:40. > :28:45.In Syria, he worked in IT, and he is from a family of farmers.

:28:46. > :28:48.He has been granted asylum in Germany and so his wife

:28:49. > :28:50.and children were allowed to join him a month ago.

:28:51. > :28:55.They were flown over from a Turkish refugee camp.

:28:56. > :28:59.Then a week ago, his 15-year-old brother arrived.

:29:00. > :29:02.He braved the journey overland in the hope he could join them

:29:03. > :29:18.His boat almost sank on the crossing to Greece.

:29:19. > :29:22.Because he has been in Germany a year, his family are ahead of many

:29:23. > :29:25.They have an apartment and state benefits while he learns German

:29:26. > :30:01.This man has a daughter who is two, Sophia who is six.

:30:02. > :30:05.His wife Daniela and their youngest, Pierre, who is ten months old.

:30:06. > :30:09.Dirk has lived his whole life here, works in care for the elderly

:30:10. > :30:35.and they know refugees are coming to their town.

:30:36. > :30:38.And this is the new refugee centre, capacity 2000.

:30:39. > :30:42.It opened just a week ago in an old hospital to cope with

:30:43. > :30:50.This is where the new refugees in Germany end up before

:30:51. > :30:55.There have been lots of attacks on refugee centres in Germany.

:30:56. > :30:59.Somebody tried to flood this place before it opened.

:31:00. > :31:11.So the men doing security here said don't show their faces on TV

:31:12. > :31:12.because neo-Nazis could beat them up.

:31:13. > :31:18.One security guard agrees to be on camera and shows us around.

:31:19. > :31:20.There are single men here but many families have also

:31:21. > :31:43.My room is very small and there is no space for my baby.

:31:44. > :32:03.From a plane, an army plane shot him and he lost them.

:32:04. > :32:27.So this man is relaying an attack by a Nazi,

:32:28. > :32:29.we are trying to find out what happened.

:32:30. > :32:31.It was outside here and they asked me...

:32:32. > :32:42.Three refugees were attacked by two men with five dogs.

:32:43. > :32:45.There is some hostility here but it is at a peace compared

:32:46. > :33:15.Some people here don't think there should be

:33:16. > :33:18.so many refugees coming. Why do you think people

:33:19. > :34:14.Saturday afternoon in the town and there are two stalls,

:34:15. > :34:21.one representing each side of the refugee debate.

:34:22. > :34:24.Both had advertised they would be here in the local paper.

:34:25. > :34:28.Dirk and his family are here to see both.

:34:29. > :34:31.So he has just told me that the political party

:34:32. > :34:33.here are the former Socialist party here when this was East Germany.

:34:34. > :35:28.The other side is the AFD which stands for Alternative for

:35:29. > :35:42.A right-wing party that opposes the arrival of so many refugees.

:35:43. > :35:44.Many young guys are told that when you come to Germany,

:35:45. > :35:53.you will get a house, a lot of money and so on.

:35:54. > :35:56.When in Germany you say something harsh about asylum seekers it can

:35:57. > :35:58.very easily happen that you are going to be reported

:35:59. > :36:07.Do you mind if you are called racist?

:36:08. > :36:11.They can tell me whatever they want as long as they listen to me

:36:12. > :36:13.and think about what I am trying to say.

:36:14. > :36:18.Will your party grow because of the refugee situation?

:36:19. > :36:33.The majority of the refugees here are Muslim and Dirk

:36:34. > :36:35.gets involved in debates because of the negative things

:36:36. > :36:40.The man tells him Islam is not aggressive and that ISIS does not

:36:41. > :36:47.These Muslims hand out the Koran and said to locals that they do not

:36:48. > :36:51.need to worry as the numbers increase.

:36:52. > :37:05.And you can see Catrin's full documentary -

:37:06. > :37:07."Welcome to Germany" - tomorrow night and Sunday night

:37:08. > :37:14.at 9.30 PM on the BBC News Channel and on iPlayer from tomorrow.

:37:15. > :37:19.You may have seen our studio discussion with various people who

:37:20. > :37:25.had experience of care, whether living in it or working in it. Judy

:37:26. > :37:30.said it is vital to hear these powerful stories of children who

:37:31. > :37:33.experience the care system. Ben said that there are amazing people doing

:37:34. > :37:39.fantastic work in residential care every day, trust me. Someone else

:37:40. > :37:43.said, is residential care failing? Yes, the system and staff are bad,

:37:44. > :37:47.they don't do their jobs properly or listen to the children's voices.

:37:48. > :37:49.Rogers said there is the problem, the children are no more important

:37:50. > :37:51.than the adults. Let's go back to our top story

:37:52. > :37:56.on that warning from England's most senior doctor that obesity is one

:37:57. > :37:59.of the biggest risks to women's health and must be treated

:38:00. > :38:02.as a national priority. Dame Sally Davies, who is the first

:38:03. > :38:04.female Chief Medical Officer, says the problem should be declared

:38:05. > :38:07.a 'national risk' in government planning - alongside

:38:08. > :38:14.terrorism, war and flooding. Earlier on in the programme I spoke

:38:15. > :38:20.to a former chair of the Royal College of GPs and size acceptance

:38:21. > :38:25.campaigner Catherine about their views on the issue, we have had

:38:26. > :38:32.quite a response from you on what Catherine has said in particular. I

:38:33. > :38:35.agree with Dame Sally, it is a public health catastrophe that we

:38:36. > :38:39.are walking into and have been for a number of years and if we do not

:38:40. > :38:42.address it, it will subsume vast amounts of health money certainly,

:38:43. > :38:46.and it will contribute to a great deal of illness and a great deal of

:38:47. > :38:55.problems that we will face going forward. Quantify it, why is it a

:38:56. > :39:04.threat? Take diabetes for example. It's accounts for a lot of the NHS

:39:05. > :39:10.budget and the biggest factor for obesity is diabetes so extrapolate

:39:11. > :39:15.that, vast amounts of our health money, a a year, is spent on a

:39:16. > :39:22.preventable condition. It is contributed to cancer. -- ?120

:39:23. > :39:28.billion a year. Most women who have knee replacements or osteoarthritis

:39:29. > :39:32.and all sorts of other issues. When you are looking at figures as your

:39:33. > :39:37.piece has shown, half of women are obese as adults, and we are seeing

:39:38. > :39:42.that in children, 20-30% of children are obese, really it is like

:39:43. > :39:46.smoking, you cannot sit back and say it is personal responsibility, we

:39:47. > :39:51.have to say, a good government has do act on the Public health and do

:39:52. > :39:58.something about it. My macro how to use it? I think it is deplorable. It

:39:59. > :40:01.is scare tactics, talking to women in such a way that they feel they

:40:02. > :40:04.are overweight and therefore destined for a terrible future which

:40:05. > :40:10.is not true. Statistics do not bear that out. We are looking at bigger

:40:11. > :40:13.studies than these pronouncements. If you are moderately overweight,

:40:14. > :40:17.you can live longer, this is a Spanish study, I am sure you are

:40:18. > :40:19.aware of it. If you look at the National office of statistics, you

:40:20. > :40:25.will see the biggest killer for women in the UK is Alzheimer's and

:40:26. > :40:30.dementia, followed by heart disease and respiratory problems, said Tammy

:40:31. > :40:34.about these figures, this report is nonsense. -- tell me. We need to

:40:35. > :40:38.talk about something much more serious than if they are overweight.

:40:39. > :40:43.To position it before Christmas is terrorism in itself. Sally Davies is

:40:44. > :40:48.the most senior doctor in the country... Why she not addressing

:40:49. > :40:53.dementia, the biggest killer in the country? -- why is stop why she not

:40:54. > :40:58.talking about respiratory health? People die with dementia, there is

:40:59. > :41:03.skewing of the figures. We talking about obesity, and like smoking it

:41:04. > :41:10.contributes to a vast amount of money. Do you think larger people

:41:11. > :41:16.like to be large? Of course not. Do think we have not tried? If it were

:41:17. > :41:21.preventable or possible to cure it, we would do it. Every large person

:41:22. > :41:27.that gets up in the morning said, I still fat, great, we try and we

:41:28. > :41:34.work, but we know obesity... Catherine, I unbelievably... To

:41:35. > :41:38.equate this with health is a dangerous precedent. I am in

:41:39. > :41:41.agreement with you, I am a GB and I see this every day. This is not

:41:42. > :41:50.about attacking individual women. -- GP. It is about a public health

:41:51. > :41:58.issue. This has to be done at government level. This has to start

:41:59. > :42:02.with children and advertising, and this is not about blaming women. I

:42:03. > :42:09.never said one woman, have you thought about your weight? It is

:42:10. > :42:15.obvious, we look at ourselves in the mirror, 10-15 times a day. This is

:42:16. > :42:19.about saying, we cannot do nothing. Graham says woman with hair in barn

:42:20. > :42:23.is awesome, she speaks the uncomfortable truth. A doctor says,

:42:24. > :42:29.I see the long-term effects of obesity, heart disease, you cannot

:42:30. > :42:34.dispute the facts. A man has been shot dead during a police operation

:42:35. > :42:41.in North London. Our report is at the scene. What happened? We do not

:42:42. > :42:45.know much information but the police are still on scene and over my

:42:46. > :42:49.shoulder, you can see a white police tent there, just outside the house

:42:50. > :42:54.where this happened. What we know is that this was a lease intelligence

:42:55. > :43:01.led operation, the man was shot around 9am, armed officers attended

:43:02. > :43:09.the area. We don't know who the man is, what his condition is that we

:43:10. > :43:16.know that back in July, a man in his 40s was shot outside a cafe and that

:43:17. > :43:21.was related to gang issues. We have no reason to believe the issues are

:43:22. > :43:30.related but we know this man was shot by police in the early hours of

:43:31. > :43:33.this morning. Thank you very much and thank you for your company

:43:34. > :43:42.today. Thank you for all your messages. Obesity got to talking and

:43:43. > :43:49.also our discussion on what to do with children's care homes. Martin

:43:50. > :43:55.is overseeing that review and will us again. Have a lovely day,

:43:56. > :43:58.thereby. -- check in with us again. Bye-bye.