08/02/2016

:00:09. > :00:11.Hello, good morning. Welcome to the programme.

:00:12. > :00:13.Prisoners should be treated as potential assets rather

:00:14. > :00:16.than liabilities - that's what David Cameron is set

:00:17. > :00:19.to say later today when he announces a radical shake up in the way

:00:20. > :00:21.prisons in England and Wales are run.

:00:22. > :00:26.Also on the programme, claims from a former top family

:00:27. > :00:29.court judge that family breakdown is so damaging that the Government

:00:30. > :00:31.should recognise it as a public health issue like smoking

:00:32. > :00:44.With hindsight, taking everything into account, I would not have gone

:00:45. > :00:49.down the divorce road. You would like to have the opportunity to do

:00:50. > :00:57.it differently and stay together? Yes. What do you think? My life is

:00:58. > :00:59.happier. Sorry to say, I am glad it ended.

:01:00. > :01:02.And would you back a ban on all junk food advertising before 9pm?

:01:03. > :01:04.The Government's under pressure to include the measure

:01:05. > :01:17.in its new childhood obesity strategy.

:01:18. > :01:22.We're on BBC 2 and the BBC News Channel until 11 this morning.

:01:23. > :01:24.Throughout the programme we'll bring you the latest breaking news

:01:25. > :01:26.and developing stories and, as always, keen to hear

:01:27. > :01:29.from you on all the stories in the news today.

:01:30. > :01:32.Later this morning we'll discuss why more and more of you are having nose

:01:33. > :01:35.jobs, eyelid lifts, and liposuction - a rising number of Brits

:01:36. > :01:46.And we'll bring you an exclusive report looking at gangs in Salford.

:01:47. > :01:49.Do get in touch throughout the programme, texts will be charged

:01:50. > :01:53.And of course you can watch the programme online wherever

:01:54. > :02:01.you are - via the BBC News app or our website bbc.co.uk/victoria.

:02:02. > :02:07.Before ten, we will talk in more detail about reform of prisons and

:02:08. > :02:15.the big plans David Cameron is going to set out for jails. Before that, a

:02:16. > :02:19.former top judge tells the programme that family breakdown is so damaging

:02:20. > :02:21.that it should be recognised as a public health issue like smoking or

:02:22. > :02:24.obesity. Sir Paul Coleridge set up

:02:25. > :02:26.the Marriage Foundation in 2012. He describes the pain caused

:02:27. > :02:29.by divorce as the scourge of society If you're divorced, you may be tired

:02:30. > :02:36.of hearing claims like that - after all, it's a debate that's been

:02:37. > :02:39.held regularly for decades now. So we thought we'd take

:02:40. > :02:42.Sir Paul Coleridge to meet couples who've divorced and their children

:02:43. > :02:44.to try and understand Do take time to watch it

:02:45. > :02:52.and tell us what you think - later in the programme you'll be

:02:53. > :02:54.able to put your points I've spent over four decades

:02:55. > :03:00.in the Family Justice Courts, partly as a barrister,

:03:01. > :03:04.partly as a judge, and I am appalled by the destruction that

:03:05. > :03:08.family breakdown causes. Two years ago I started

:03:09. > :03:11.Marriage Foundation, which is devoted to try and combat

:03:12. > :03:13.this particular scourge I believe things can be done,

:03:14. > :03:22.if people knew more about the appalling pain that family

:03:23. > :03:24.breakdown creates and had better access to help at

:03:25. > :03:30.an appropriate time. Now I'm in Birmingham to meet

:03:31. > :03:32.a family who have said they will talk about

:03:33. > :03:40.their own experiences. You can always go out and get money,

:03:41. > :03:44.but you can't get back the time that You're used to seeing

:03:45. > :03:54.a family environment, the cooker going, the smells,

:03:55. > :03:57.the girls, the sounds, smells. It's not there.

:03:58. > :04:00.You know? And all you're left

:04:01. > :04:02.with is the silence. So your great memory is, as it were,

:04:03. > :04:06.the emptiness and the silence? I worked for the girls

:04:07. > :04:13.to put food on the table, The thing you've worked

:04:14. > :04:19.for all your life is gone. Yeah, but it's not

:04:20. > :04:21.the be-all and end-all. Even the girls will say today,

:04:22. > :04:25.he wasn't there for school events. It's Catch-22, isn't it?

:04:26. > :04:29.You can't do both. to provide for your family,

:04:30. > :04:41.the first thing you do My whole world collapsed

:04:42. > :04:44.all in one go. Basically, I wasn't

:04:45. > :04:46.there for the girls, because my head was

:04:47. > :04:53.just absolutely gone. By both of my parents,

:04:54. > :04:56.we all got treated like... I got to a point where I'd

:04:57. > :05:05.had enough of the girls I went to social services

:05:06. > :05:14.to hand her in, because I The battle, it's

:05:15. > :05:19.just the two people. But they were brought into it.

:05:20. > :05:21.We were. It didn't have to be a battle.

:05:22. > :05:27.That's the point. Do you both admit that,

:05:28. > :05:30.whatever the rights and wrongs were, They got involved, they got

:05:31. > :05:33.involved and they were used. They never had the

:05:34. > :05:43.chance to be heard. Mum and Dad wouldn't

:05:44. > :05:47.listen to any of us. Also, our...

:05:48. > :05:54.Extended family. We were, like, we're

:05:55. > :05:56.not being heard. Mum would make comments

:05:57. > :05:58.to Maisie about Dad. Very bitter.

:05:59. > :06:10.It was all nit-picks. I think they always wanted to stay

:06:11. > :06:16.together for us three, We would rather they'd broken up

:06:17. > :06:19.when we were a lot littler, because we wouldn't

:06:20. > :06:24.have the memories that we have I'd have wanted no arguments,

:06:25. > :06:26.them two just to get on. Do you still have that kind of ideal

:06:27. > :06:30.wish, that your family could be... Yeah, I probably do have that little

:06:31. > :06:34.wish that they were still together. It wouldn't work,

:06:35. > :06:43.I know it wouldn't. But why would you stay

:06:44. > :06:46.in a relationship that you are both It's impacting your children,

:06:47. > :06:50.you might not think it is, as they are little, but little

:06:51. > :06:52.children can pick up on it, On a scale of one to ten,

:06:53. > :06:59.how bad would you describe the emotional pain of

:07:00. > :07:03.going through divorce? The worst thing you've

:07:04. > :07:15.ever had to deal with? The worst thing is, I suppose,

:07:16. > :07:19.you might have thought you were going to end it all?

:07:20. > :07:21.I was. Did you ever get to that stage?

:07:22. > :07:23.Yeah. With hindsight, taking

:07:24. > :07:39.everything into account, I wouldn't have gone

:07:40. > :07:45.down the divorce road. You would like to have

:07:46. > :07:47.the opportunity to do it differently You feel you made

:07:48. > :08:09.the right decision? So, this is a family

:08:10. > :08:16.who were prepared to sit together and discuss these extremely

:08:17. > :08:25.difficult personal issues. The huge impression I'm left

:08:26. > :08:30.with is that Dad, in particular, is still feeling the pain in almost

:08:31. > :08:34.a raw way. Mum has made some sense of it

:08:35. > :08:36.and has moved on. The two children's take

:08:37. > :08:41.is entirely different. What would be interesting to see

:08:42. > :08:44.is how other young people have been I ran up to my bedroom and then

:08:45. > :09:01.I decided So I went out to be

:09:02. > :09:05.with my friends and just, They've been together

:09:06. > :09:21.since they were 16. I'd like my parents

:09:22. > :09:25.to still be together. But obviously it just

:09:26. > :09:27.wasn't meant to be. I think when you find

:09:28. > :09:29.somebody and you really Why do you think they were able

:09:30. > :09:37.to make a go of it, Because I think it was not the ideal

:09:38. > :09:46.thing to have a divorce. You would be looked down

:09:47. > :09:48.on if you had a divorce, So there was a social pressure

:09:49. > :09:53.on staying together? Do you think there is any social

:09:54. > :10:00.pressure on staying together now? Your family is not a whole,

:10:01. > :10:10.you know what I mean, But, like I said, we are all

:10:11. > :10:18.so much better off now. I think there are four things that

:10:19. > :10:21.struck me very forcefully as a result of those interviews

:10:22. > :10:23.with those extremely One, that they had both suffered

:10:24. > :10:29.terrifically as a result of the break-up of their parents,

:10:30. > :10:35.under different circumstances. Two, they both aspired to something

:10:36. > :10:41.better for themselves, a long-term, stable,

:10:42. > :10:43.married relationship. Three, they had both seen,

:10:44. > :10:48.amongst their own friends, stable families and this had made

:10:49. > :10:55.them very sad and envious. And fourthly, in the background,

:10:56. > :10:58.in both cases, there was a stable grand-parental household

:10:59. > :11:04.to which they had almost clung, I have a sister who passed away very

:11:05. > :11:17.young, and I compare my divorce Comparable in the terms

:11:18. > :11:25.of pain that it caused. I think divorce

:11:26. > :11:27.is not a light thing. I don't think anyone

:11:28. > :11:31.does enter it lightly. I'll never forget that I just broke

:11:32. > :11:35.down by the front door. As I walked upstairs -

:11:36. > :11:38.I'm getting emotional thinking about it - as I walked upstairs

:11:39. > :11:41.and walked past my son's room, and he was not there,

:11:42. > :11:45.I completely fell apart. I concentrated a lot

:11:46. > :11:47.on the children. But then, as they get older,

:11:48. > :11:50.they're going to do their thing, you've got to think about,

:11:51. > :11:54.who am I as a person and what am Can I ask you a question,

:11:55. > :11:57.if you don't mind? Did you, initially,

:11:58. > :11:59.the beginning, overcompensate? I didn't want them to be

:12:00. > :12:05.disadvantaged in any way I was just emotionally

:12:06. > :12:12.overcompensating. Just being there whenever

:12:13. > :12:14.they needed me, doing whatever they wanted me to do,

:12:15. > :12:16.listening to everything Almost giving them...

:12:17. > :12:28.Too much attention, exactly. The thing I am existentially guilty

:12:29. > :12:33.of is lack of self-esteem, lack of confidence,

:12:34. > :12:37.lack of resilience. These things, I think,

:12:38. > :12:39.are a classic manifestation of the trauma of divorce,

:12:40. > :12:41.which are now playing I didn't want my children

:12:42. > :12:48.to grow up in a tense, hostile environment,

:12:49. > :12:50.with people who didn't like each I thought, that's not a good example

:12:51. > :12:58.to be setting to two young children, that that is what

:12:59. > :13:01.a marriage is like. The after-effects of my divorce

:13:02. > :13:04.is that my children are quite driven, they are quite determined,

:13:05. > :13:07.they go for what they want. My son plays rugby

:13:08. > :13:10.semi-professionally, my daughter is at

:13:11. > :13:12.performing arts school. They've gone for their dreams

:13:13. > :13:14.and I've been behind them You know, we are a happy family

:13:15. > :13:20.and they are successful children. The degree to how much you suffer,

:13:21. > :13:36.how much you lose, is in the hands You've only got one life,

:13:37. > :13:39.and I think if you spend that life pretending,

:13:40. > :13:42.there can be no worse place to be. I'd rather be alone and happy,

:13:43. > :13:45.than be together and unhappy. Every relationship, every long-term

:13:46. > :13:48.relationship, has periods of difficulty, sometimes periods

:13:49. > :13:53.of very great difficulty. I still am not persuaded that,

:13:54. > :13:55.in most cases, the right And it sometimes is very difficult,

:13:56. > :14:06.and the longer you leave it, But where there is a full-blown

:14:07. > :14:15.family infrastructure with children, it is, I believe, from all the years

:14:16. > :14:18.of experience that I've watched this, I believe that the better

:14:19. > :14:23.option is to sort it out, however difficult it is,

:14:24. > :14:36.than to destroy it. Later in the programme we'll speak

:14:37. > :14:39.to Sir Paul Coleridge, and to parents who stayed together

:14:40. > :14:42.for the sake of their kids, and those who got divorced

:14:43. > :14:52.and thought it was the right Tell us what you did when your

:14:53. > :14:57.marriage had problems. Thank you to those that have got in touch. John

:14:58. > :14:59.says I have been a partner in a leading international headhunting

:15:00. > :15:03.business for more than 20 years, dealing with many GCSE and A-level

:15:04. > :15:08.students. It is a matter of great concern to me and it is simply not

:15:09. > :15:11.considered by the system in any way. These children suffer. They suffer

:15:12. > :15:14.greatly and rarely have any sort of advice or help on how their lives

:15:15. > :15:20.can be rebuilt. Because they divorce is not just and a woman, it

:15:21. > :15:24.intimately hurts and involves the future of the children, and damages

:15:25. > :15:30.them unless huge care is taken by the divorcing parties. Trevor says

:15:31. > :15:35.one a spouses unfaithful and causes divorce, the children suffer most by

:15:36. > :15:38.being denied the love and care of both parents. Stewart says it is

:15:39. > :15:42.good to see the programme discussing this. My daughter has been living

:15:43. > :15:48.with me for seven years and it has taken its toll. Phil texted to say,

:15:49. > :15:51.we have seen the scars caused by marriage breakdown for years. It

:15:52. > :15:55.seems that has gone too far to repair, and too much to recover.

:15:56. > :16:00.This e-mail from Maria, what a breath of fresh air from Sir Paul.

:16:01. > :16:03.In 1988, I went to a lawyer and asked for a judicial separation. He

:16:04. > :16:11.told me it takes three months and costs ?300. Eventually, I changed

:16:12. > :16:17.ten lawyers and cost ?20,000 and lasted a couple of years, up until

:16:18. > :16:20.today, I still don't why. If you have a pertinent experience get in

:16:21. > :16:24.touch. If your marriage has hit problems, how did you deal with it?

:16:25. > :16:30.Did you end up separating? What impact did it have on the family? If

:16:31. > :16:34.you managed to stick together, tell us how you do this. If you want to

:16:35. > :16:35.share the film, you can watch it again by going to the programme

:16:36. > :16:43.page. High rates

:16:44. > :16:45.of re-offending amongst former prisoners should "shame us all"

:16:46. > :16:54.according to David Cameron. We will speak to a former prisoner

:16:55. > :16:55.about what can be done to improve the conditions and cut the high

:16:56. > :16:57.reoffending rates. Would your children eat

:16:58. > :16:59.less junk food if TV ads We'll be speaking to some parents

:17:00. > :17:03.here and we'd love to hear It is 9:31am. The main news this

:17:04. > :17:17.morning. David Cameron is preparing to set

:17:18. > :17:19.out plans to radically overhaul prisons in England and Wales -

:17:20. > :17:22.describing the "failure" of the current system

:17:23. > :17:23.as "scandalous". Prison governors are expected to be

:17:24. > :17:26.given greater freedom over how they run their jails

:17:27. > :17:28.as part of a pilot scheme. But the Prison Reform Trust says

:17:29. > :17:31.improving the system won't be easy. We'll bring you more on that

:17:32. > :17:34.in the next few minutes. Parts of Southern England and Wales

:17:35. > :17:37.are being hit by strong winds and heavy rain as Storm Imogen

:17:38. > :17:40.moves across the country. More than 50 flood warnings

:17:41. > :17:43.are in place, while the Met Office has issued an amber

:17:44. > :17:45.'prepared warning' for wind. Almost 5,000 homes have

:17:46. > :17:51.been left without power A former top family court judge

:17:52. > :17:56.tells this programme that family breakdown is so damaging

:17:57. > :17:58.that the Government should recognise it as a public health issue -

:17:59. > :18:04.like smoking or obesity. He warns that it is at epidemic

:18:05. > :18:07.levels. Search teams in southern Taiwan have

:18:08. > :18:10.rescued two people from a collapsed building in the city of Tainan, more

:18:11. > :18:14.than two days after it was destroyed 37 people are known to have

:18:15. > :18:22.died in the quake - David Cameron is expected to warn

:18:23. > :18:29.that migrant camps like the "Jungle" in Calais could spring up

:18:30. > :18:32.here in England, if the UK leaves The Prime Minister says an exit

:18:33. > :18:36.from the EU could mean British border guards would no longer be

:18:37. > :18:38.allowed to check Critics have accused

:18:39. > :18:43.him of scaremongering. A huge new gas plant has been fired

:18:44. > :18:46.up in the Shetland Isles. The site, which is run by French

:18:47. > :18:51.energy company Total, is said to contain almost a fifth

:18:52. > :18:54.of the UK's remaining oil It's expected to produce

:18:55. > :18:57.around 8% of the country's supply, the equivalent to powering

:18:58. > :19:01.more than two million homes. Let's catch up with

:19:02. > :19:11.all the sport now. Good morning. It's time to look back

:19:12. > :19:15.at a big weekend of sport, the six Nations began, the tournament which

:19:16. > :19:19.stirs rivalries on these shores and England head coach Eddie Jones was

:19:20. > :19:22.victorious over Scotland in his first match in charge but it wasn't

:19:23. > :19:25.that pretty, Francis Crick past Italy before an entertaining game

:19:26. > :19:31.yesterday in which Wales came from 13 points down to rescue a 16-16

:19:32. > :19:35.draw with Ireland. It was a great start to the tournament will stop

:19:36. > :19:39.much more to come in the next few weeks. Lester's miracle season

:19:40. > :19:44.continued beating Man City and Spurs up to second place, so there could

:19:45. > :19:49.be a new Premier League champion, unless Arsenal keep up the pressure,

:19:50. > :19:52.beating Bournemouth. United and Chelsea drew. Louis Van Gaal was

:19:53. > :19:57.angry with the media once again it using them of inventing stories

:19:58. > :20:00.again, this time about Jose Mourinho being on the way into Old Trafford.

:20:01. > :20:03.The stories may be false but the pressure on van Gaal is real colour

:20:04. > :20:09.they are six points away from a place in the Champions League. Late

:20:10. > :20:14.last night it was the 50th Super Bowl, Carolina Panthers against the

:20:15. > :20:17.Denver Broncos. Cam Newton, the most valuable Player of the Season was

:20:18. > :20:23.ineffective as Peyton Manning and the Broncos became second Super Bowl

:20:24. > :20:27.champions. The question is will the 39-year-old retired from the sport

:20:28. > :20:35.now? I will have a round-up just after 10am.

:20:36. > :20:42.David Cameron is to say that if Britain pulls out of the EU migrant

:20:43. > :20:46.camps could appear in south-east England. Critics have accused him of

:20:47. > :20:50.scaremongering. Let's talk to our political Guru Norman Smith.

:20:51. > :20:54.His argument is we have an arrangement with the French at the

:20:55. > :20:58.moment going back to 2003 negotiated by David Blunkett when he was Home

:20:59. > :21:04.Secretary, whereby border controls to come to the UK are carried out in

:21:05. > :21:08.the French ports, so the checks are done in Calais and Dunkirk and so on

:21:09. > :21:11.and so forth. As a result when migrants are stopped from coming

:21:12. > :21:18.here they are stopped on French soil, rather than coming here and

:21:19. > :21:21.having their checks on here. Mr Cameron is saying, look, if we leave

:21:22. > :21:25.the EU the French will say forget it, we will not bother policing your

:21:26. > :21:31.border checks over here, you can Joly well do it in England, which,

:21:32. > :21:36.says Mr Cameron, the camps like the Jungle and so on and so forth will

:21:37. > :21:42.move to coastal towns along the south coast of England. So all of

:21:43. > :21:49.the sort of chaos and violence and squalor that we see in some of these

:21:50. > :21:55.camps will relocate, in effect, to Dover and elsewhere along the south

:21:56. > :21:58.coast. That has prompted the countercharge from those who want to

:21:59. > :22:03.leave the EU saying this is scaremongering and its trying to

:22:04. > :22:08.frighten people. Point of fact, this was a bilateral deal done between,

:22:09. > :22:12.as I say, the British government, David Blunkett and his French

:22:13. > :22:16.counterpart and it's nothing to do with the EU, therefore it is argued

:22:17. > :22:19.it wouldn't make a blind bit of difference if we left the EU because

:22:20. > :22:22.this deal is a simple straightforward agreement between

:22:23. > :22:28.London and Paris. Speaking to No 10 this morning they are absolutely

:22:29. > :22:32.adamant that if we leave the EU all of our existing relationships with

:22:33. > :22:35.every country in the rest of the EU will change, including with France,

:22:36. > :22:40.and don't expect the French to carry on doing this sort of border check.

:22:41. > :22:42.This kind of claim is an illustration of what the public

:22:43. > :22:48.should expect over the next few months until the referendum happens.

:22:49. > :22:52.Two things follow from it, one of the things we already know that

:22:53. > :22:57.immigration will be such a huge part of this referendum campaign, so no

:22:58. > :23:01.surprises there. No 10 clearly wants to try and turn the issue to their

:23:02. > :23:05.advantage, saying in effect things will be an awful lot worse if we

:23:06. > :23:09.pull out. The second thing which I think is interesting is that it is

:23:10. > :23:15.part of a broader argument which No 10 are trying to flesh out now

:23:16. > :23:19.trying to pitch their case of staying in the EU as a case of

:23:20. > :23:23.national security, about personal safety, not just in terms of the

:23:24. > :23:28.danger of these camps like the Jungle coming to the white cliffs of

:23:29. > :23:33.Dover, or whatever, we will hear a lot more about how being part of the

:23:34. > :23:38.EU enables us to corporate or with other intelligence agencies, it

:23:39. > :23:42.enables us to share intelligence with our European partners, it

:23:43. > :23:45.enables us to introduce new measures to restrict suspected terrorists

:23:46. > :23:49.from travelling through Europe, the European Arrest Warrant enables us

:23:50. > :23:53.to pick up suspects in other countries. In other words No 10 want

:23:54. > :23:56.to get away from the technical and specific arguments about tax

:23:57. > :24:00.credits, or whether we have a red card to block the European

:24:01. > :24:04.Commission from doing things, or whether we have an opt out from ever

:24:05. > :24:08.closer union. I think they have worked out that most people will not

:24:09. > :24:12.decide which way they vote on those Areen narrow specific arguments, but

:24:13. > :24:16.if you make a bigger argument about our national security and safety,

:24:17. > :24:22.that is much more of a gut this rule argument more likely to get people

:24:23. > :24:26.on board. Norman Smith, thank you. Let's talk about what is happening

:24:27. > :24:28.to thousands of Syrian refugees who are trapped at a border crossing in

:24:29. > :24:29.Turkey this morning. They have fled from Syria's second

:24:30. > :24:32.city Aleppo, where Syrian government forces, backed by Russian

:24:33. > :24:37.airstrikes, are fighting rebels. It's desperate for the people

:24:38. > :24:40.of Aleppo - what's the best Stay in their homes and risk

:24:41. > :24:45.being bombed by Russian planes who are supporting

:24:46. > :24:46.President Assad of Syria? Stay in their home city and risk

:24:47. > :24:53.being caught in fighting on the ground between rebels,

:24:54. > :24:55.so-called Islamic State militias Or try and escape north to Turkey

:24:56. > :24:59.to a refugee camp which is Officials in the EU are calling

:25:00. > :25:06.on Turkey to let in some About 4.6 million people have fled

:25:07. > :25:12.the war-torn country since the civil Our correspondent Mark

:25:13. > :25:18.Lowen is at the border. Linda Tom is from the United Nations

:25:19. > :25:31.Office for the Coordination She is in Jordan. Linda Ti, tell us

:25:32. > :25:38.about some of the conditions of people who fled Aleppo to get to the

:25:39. > :25:42.border with Turkey -- Linda Tom. It is not just people in Aleppo but

:25:43. > :25:47.also surrounding areas. The situation is extremely precarious

:25:48. > :25:52.for tens of thousands of people in and around Aleppo seeking safety and

:25:53. > :26:00.security amidst ongoing aerial bombardment and shelling. We

:26:01. > :26:04.estimate there are 35,000 people, mostly from Aleppo, who are newly

:26:05. > :26:09.displaced, this doesn't include people displaced by violence in the

:26:10. > :26:14.last couple of months. This figure includes 15,000 people who are

:26:15. > :26:21.staying in a town in collective centres with host families, and in

:26:22. > :26:31.addition to that we have about 3000 people at the border and in various

:26:32. > :26:38.camps which are already filled to capacity. Are you saying 35,000 in

:26:39. > :26:47.the last few days? 35,000 in the last week. OK. What kind of stories

:26:48. > :26:55.are they telling, aid workers when they reach the bawdy -- border with

:26:56. > :26:58.Turkey? Our partners are talking to people at the border and I'd managed

:26:59. > :27:02.to speak to somebody who had been at the border in the last couple of

:27:03. > :27:09.days. The families that are camped there are being provided with food,

:27:10. > :27:13.they staying in small tents provided by Turkish NGOs. But what they are

:27:14. > :27:16.saying to our partners on the ground is that they don't want food, they

:27:17. > :27:25.don't want money, what they want is safe passage to Turkey so that they

:27:26. > :27:28.can be safe. OK. I'm sure as a representative of the United Nations

:27:29. > :27:31.you're not going to pass comment on whether Turkey should let them in or

:27:32. > :27:38.not but in terms of their safety what would be the best thing for

:27:39. > :27:44.them? What we are calling for is for the protection of civilians who have

:27:45. > :27:50.no part in this conflict. With the ongoing shelling we are talking

:27:51. > :27:54.about safe passage for civilians who need to flee conflict, whether that

:27:55. > :28:01.be through Turkey, or whether that be through other areas within Syria.

:28:02. > :28:04.OK. You will understand in terms of the pressure on Turkey they have

:28:05. > :28:10.allowed thousands and thousands of refugees from Syria. Can they take

:28:11. > :28:20.any more? That is a question to pose to the Turkish government. What we

:28:21. > :28:24.can say is at this current time we have thousands of people desperate

:28:25. > :28:28.to escape these difficult conditions and they have been desperate to

:28:29. > :28:31.escape for a long time. For example there have been 13 strikes on

:28:32. > :28:35.medical facilities in the month of January alone. What that means is

:28:36. > :28:39.that people in those areas are not able to access medical facilities as

:28:40. > :28:45.they are damaged, or in areas where there is ongoing fighting these

:28:46. > :28:49.hospitals and health centres are not functioning soap people are left to

:28:50. > :28:55.fend for themselves -- so people functioning soap people are left to

:28:56. > :28:58.left to fend for themselves and humanitarian organisations are

:28:59. > :29:00.trying to reach people in need but because of the ongoing conflict it

:29:01. > :29:04.makes it increasingly difficult for us to reach them. Thank you, Linda

:29:05. > :29:10.Mark Lowen is at Turkey's border Tom.

:29:11. > :29:12.Mark Lowen is at Turkey's border with Syria. Tell us about the

:29:13. > :29:13.Mark Lowen is at Turkey's border situation for people fleeing Aleppo

:29:14. > :29:20.trying to find safety? situation for people fleeing Aleppo

:29:21. > :29:24.catastrophic situation as you can imagine. Aleppo, Syria's

:29:25. > :29:32.city, is becoming slowly surrounded by this 2-pronged attack by Assad

:29:33. > :29:36.forces and Russian air strikes. There are over 100 Russian air

:29:37. > :29:41.strikes a day sometimes and they are closing in on opposition held areas

:29:42. > :29:44.of the city, trying to drive rebels out of Aleppo. If that were to

:29:45. > :29:50.happen, develop both felt completely to the regime it could be a fatal

:29:51. > :29:56.blow to the opposition in Syria. -- if Aleppo fell. The border with

:29:57. > :29:59.Turkey remains closed. 35,000 refugees on the other side but tens

:30:00. > :30:02.of thousands more could be flooding to the border will stop Turkey is

:30:03. > :30:08.providing shelter and food and blankets on the other side, creating

:30:09. > :30:11.in a sense a Turkish refugee camp on the Syrian side of the border and

:30:12. > :30:15.says they are not going to open that border for the time being. There are

:30:16. > :30:19.conflicting pressures here. Turkey on the one hand is being told by

:30:20. > :30:24.Europe and aid agencies you have to accept this and on the other hand

:30:25. > :30:28.turkeys being told by the European Union you must stem the flow of

:30:29. > :30:32.refugees travelling west to Europe, so Turkey is caught between these

:30:33. > :30:37.two macro conflicting messages. We have shown our audience images of

:30:38. > :30:41.Aleppo before this latest assault, if you like, from the Syrian army

:30:42. > :30:46.backed by Russian planes and after. And it is clear obviously the

:30:47. > :30:50.devastation. For the people in Aleppo it is no choice, you can stay

:30:51. > :30:56.in your home and risk being bombed by a Russian plane or try and get to

:30:57. > :31:03.refugee camps that are overcrowded and potentially not able to cope. It

:31:04. > :31:06.is the best of two bad options, really. We have spoken to some

:31:07. > :31:12.people that have come over here. Those that are heavily wounded,

:31:13. > :31:16.gravely injured, they can cross. I spent yesterday at the state

:31:17. > :31:20.Hospital, right on the border. I saw one man who had lost an eye, because

:31:21. > :31:25.of a Russian air strike on his home, a wall collapsed on his head, a bit

:31:26. > :31:30.of concrete had gone into his eye and he had lost it. I saw another

:31:31. > :31:38.man who had lost his kneecap from a Russian air strike, the shrapnel had

:31:39. > :31:43.gone into his knee. They are in a dire situation. They have families

:31:44. > :31:45.back in Aleppo, trying to stay put, withstand the onslaught from the

:31:46. > :31:51.Russian air strikes and the Assad attacks. When you speak to them, I

:31:52. > :31:55.said, do you still want to go back to Aleppo, they say, yes, it is our

:31:56. > :31:58.home, we want to go back to our family. It's hard to know how that

:31:59. > :32:02.is going to happen, partly because of their injuries and also because

:32:03. > :32:06.the main supply route to Aleppo has been taken by the Assad regime.

:32:07. > :32:10.Really, the area controlled by the opposition within Aleppo is

:32:11. > :32:17.shrinking ever further. The big fear is that if the city is surrounded,

:32:18. > :32:22.if thousands in that city could be trapped, they could be deprived of

:32:23. > :32:25.food and water, there could be starvation like we have seen in

:32:26. > :32:31.other parts of Syria. Really, perhaps the worst humanitarian

:32:32. > :32:37.crisis of the Syrian war so far could be unfolding. Thank you. Still

:32:38. > :32:42.to come: more and more people are having cosmetic surgery, if new

:32:43. > :32:46.figures are anything to go by. Last year, 51,000 of you had something

:32:47. > :32:50.done. We will talk to people who spend thousands of pounds on their

:32:51. > :32:55.faces, stomachs, bottoms, bodies generally. If you have had cosmetic

:32:56. > :32:59.surgery, tell me why. It is not just women, plenty of men as well. Thank

:33:00. > :33:03.you very much to those who have got in touch about the earlier

:33:04. > :33:07.conversation on family breakdowns. Paul, a former family court judge,

:33:08. > :33:11.says it should be effectively be treated by the government as a

:33:12. > :33:17.public health issue, as damaging as smoking or obesity. Here are some of

:33:18. > :33:22.your messages. Jo says, my parents split when I was two. I don't know

:33:23. > :33:27.exactly how it has affected me, but I do know I would not wish it on

:33:28. > :33:32.anybody. Michaela says, my parents separating at a young age was the

:33:33. > :33:37.best thing for all of us. It makes you stronger and understand that

:33:38. > :33:42.life is not always rosy. This tweet from Jerome, parents who cannot

:33:43. > :33:47.educate children about divorce and ensure healthy lifestyles are unfit

:33:48. > :33:51.to be parents. Seems a little harsh, perhaps? Jane, children get caught

:33:52. > :33:54.in an adult conflict, of which they can have no control. There are no

:33:55. > :34:00.winners when it comes to divorce. This is from Robert, why is there

:34:01. > :34:05.such a negative spin on divorce? Why not look at it from a positive side

:34:06. > :34:09.of things? It can also work better for all parties. Caroline says, my

:34:10. > :34:13.parents divorced when I was 11. It was horribly unpleasant and caused a

:34:14. > :34:18.number of issues for me and my brothers on a personal level. It

:34:19. > :34:21.also taught as resilience and gave us strength. My parents were so

:34:22. > :34:27.different, I believe it gave us a sense of balance. I had friends

:34:28. > :34:33.whose parents stayed together for the sake of the children, and I

:34:34. > :34:40.don't see the benefit. They saw marriage are suffering through the

:34:41. > :34:43.problems. I got fantastic new siblings and a stepmother I would

:34:44. > :34:51.not be without for the world. My children have four sets of

:34:52. > :34:56.grandparents. They are spoiled rotten and loved to pieces. My

:34:57. > :35:00.parents divorced when I was 16, I had to quit six form to look after

:35:01. > :35:03.my dad, who took it badly. I was an a grade student and I feel I lost my

:35:04. > :35:09.teenage years and university experience because of this. I grew

:35:10. > :35:12.distant from my friends. I'm 27 and only just getting back on track with

:35:13. > :35:21.my education. I started my degree this year. You can e-mail me at the

:35:22. > :35:25.usual address, send me a message on Twitter or send a text. Let's talk

:35:26. > :35:28.about a shake-up of the way prisons in England and Wales are going to be

:35:29. > :35:32.run. In a speech later today, David Cameron will say the failure of the

:35:33. > :35:35.current system, with high reoffending rates and levels of

:35:36. > :35:39.violence is scandalous. He will say that current levels of prison

:35:40. > :35:44.violence, drug taking and self harm should shame us all. A typical week

:35:45. > :35:49.in a prison in England and Wales is 600 incidents of self harm, at least

:35:50. > :35:54.one suicide and 350 assaults, including 90 on staff. Some of the

:35:55. > :35:58.plans that Mr Cameron will announce are thought to include allowing more

:35:59. > :36:04.inmates out of jail during the week and measures to transform the

:36:05. > :36:07.education system in jails. Let's talk to our home affairs

:36:08. > :36:11.correspondent Danny Shaw. This is quite a big speech? A British Prime

:36:12. > :36:16.Minister hadn't made a speech on prisons in England and Wales for 20

:36:17. > :36:19.years? That is what Downing Street is saying, I think Prime Minister is

:36:20. > :36:22.probably have spoken about prisons before, but perhaps giving it the

:36:23. > :36:26.full attention and making it the main theme of the speech, maybe that

:36:27. > :36:30.is something different. It was foreshadowed in his party conference

:36:31. > :36:34.speech, when he spoke about prisons being a key part of social reform in

:36:35. > :36:39.this Parliament. He is saying wholesale reform is needed. The main

:36:40. > :36:46.thing he will spell out is to give prison governors more autonomy, have

:36:47. > :36:52.them say over how prisons are run in terms of budgets, in terms of what

:36:53. > :36:55.provision they make for rehabilitation and other services.

:36:56. > :37:00.Prison governors at the moment feel they do not have much control, they

:37:01. > :37:03.have had to adhere to the guidelines set by the management service. They

:37:04. > :37:07.would welcome any moves to give them more control. It is a question of

:37:08. > :37:11.how it is done and exactly how much control they will have. Let's talk

:37:12. > :37:15.about some of the ideas that have been floated. I don't know if you

:37:16. > :37:18.know how much truth there is in the idea that inmates will be let out

:37:19. > :37:22.during the week and go back to jail at the weekend, to free up space?

:37:23. > :37:28.That is unconfirmed, I think it was floated a couple of months ago.

:37:29. > :37:32.Certainly, I think the government was looking at ways in which they

:37:33. > :37:36.can reduce the use of custody and, yet, ensure the public are safe and

:37:37. > :37:41.not put at risk. Electronic tagging is one possible way of doing that.

:37:42. > :37:45.The idea of weekend prisons has been tried before. It was tried in the

:37:46. > :37:50.Labour, when David Blunkett was the Home Secretary. I think it was

:37:51. > :37:55.called intermittent custody. It was a failure. It was scrapped. If the

:37:56. > :37:57.Government is to go down that road, they should look very closely at the

:37:58. > :38:05.lessons learned from that particular experiment. More education, while

:38:06. > :38:08.inmates are inside? What the Government wants to do here, I

:38:09. > :38:12.think, is raise the standard of teaching. At the moment, it is not

:38:13. > :38:18.seen as a great profession to be a teacher inside prisons. They are

:38:19. > :38:25.going to enlist the help of Teach first, which runs the education of

:38:26. > :38:29.graduates, and they want a scheme to encourage the best people to go into

:38:30. > :38:32.prisons and rehabilitate inmates and give them the skills they need to

:38:33. > :38:34.avoid falling back into a life of crime when they are released. I

:38:35. > :38:38.don't think anybody would disagree with that. The question is, can you

:38:39. > :38:41.are effectively promote rehabilitation when there are 85,000

:38:42. > :38:46.people locked up in England and Wales, staff numbers have been

:38:47. > :38:50.falling since 2010, although they have stabilised a bit. The prison

:38:51. > :38:53.regime is stretched, staff are stretched. You have high levels of

:38:54. > :39:00.violence. Can you make a difference unless you tackle the numbers and

:39:01. > :39:03.reduce overcrowding? OK. When Ken Clarke was the Justice Secretary,

:39:04. > :39:09.just after the Coalition Government came in 2010, he came up with the

:39:10. > :39:13.idea of a rehabilitation revolution. It didn't really happen. That was

:39:14. > :39:19.about making sure we reduce the reoffending rate. 46% of prisoners

:39:20. > :39:29.reoffend within a year of release. Is this also going to fail? Will

:39:30. > :39:32.there be more money on offer? Dyfed there will be more money, but I

:39:33. > :39:37.think they hope that if they can make it more effective, the prisons

:39:38. > :39:41.that can spend money more wisely will be able to make a difference.

:39:42. > :39:45.There has been talk about some kind of league table of prisons. There

:39:46. > :39:48.are already performance tables and rankings for prisoners. That is

:39:49. > :39:52.nothing new. If you give governors more control, it will be a greater

:39:53. > :39:56.incentive to say, my prisoners at the top of the table, look how well

:39:57. > :40:02.it is doing, and we are spending money wisely. Then you could have

:40:03. > :40:07.the savings reinvested in that way. It depends so much on numbers. The

:40:08. > :40:13.prison population is due to rise, it is due to go up. It's about 80,000?

:40:14. > :40:16.prison population is due to rise, it 80 5000. It is hard to predict how

:40:17. > :40:21.the prison population will go. The forecasts say it could go up by 2000

:40:22. > :40:25.or 3000 over the next few years. That puts more strain on the system.

:40:26. > :40:34.It's hard to make lasting change with those numbers increasing. Thank

:40:35. > :40:37.you very much. Let's talk to more -- Mark Johnson, a former prisoner and

:40:38. > :40:43.founder of the charity User Voice. What do you think of these ideas?

:40:44. > :40:45.I'm a bit of a cynic. I have heard successive governments, since I have

:40:46. > :40:53.been working in a charity field, talk a lot of rhetoric. If the

:40:54. > :40:57.rhetoric transforms to action, are they get ideas? Son, yes. But the

:40:58. > :41:02.devil is certainly in the detail. My biggest thing is that today we are

:41:03. > :41:07.talking about education in prison. I want to know what kind of education.

:41:08. > :41:13.The causes of crime are a psychological issue. People make

:41:14. > :41:16.very poor decisions, or make very calculated decisions, and when they

:41:17. > :41:22.enter into prison, they are often not tackled. What I mean is somebody

:41:23. > :41:26.has not sat down and worked with them to find out the real causes of

:41:27. > :41:30.why they are there in the first place, to make sure they are not

:41:31. > :41:33.going to do it on release. Teaching maths and English, academic and

:41:34. > :41:40.vocational training, is not the real issue. It might help somebody get a

:41:41. > :41:47.job? Historically, policymakers, through the very narrow view of what

:41:48. > :41:51.education means, they try to regurgitate their perception over a

:41:52. > :41:57.very volatile group of people. Society will ultimately pay the

:41:58. > :42:02.cost. Does a prison governor get measured on people break out of

:42:03. > :42:05.prison, or how many people go back in? Until we started tackle that

:42:06. > :42:11.issue, we will start to get some sort of stimulation on people

:42:12. > :42:14.committed to tackling the true causes of crime. Thanks for coming

:42:15. > :42:18.on the programme. It is time for the weather. Here is

:42:19. > :42:38.Carol to tell us about Storm Imogen. It is progressing slowly, but I can

:42:39. > :42:40.show you exactly where it developed. It was off the coast of North

:42:41. > :42:45.America and Canada. Drifting It was off the coast of North

:42:46. > :42:49.the Atlantic as a weather bomb. 953 millibars, it did not depend any

:42:50. > :42:53.further and are starting to fill, so it is weakening. Look at the

:42:54. > :42:59.isobars, that is giving us the gusty winds. If you look at the direction

:43:00. > :43:04.of the wind, it is coming from a steady north-westerly direction.

:43:05. > :43:07.That is over 80,000 miles. That is allowing the waves and the swell to

:43:08. > :43:16.grow. We have seen some handing us this morning already. This is the

:43:17. > :43:20.size of wave we are looking for. To put that into context, ten or 12

:43:21. > :43:28.metres, that is pretty big. A double-decker versus 4.3 metres. As

:43:29. > :43:32.they crash into sure, they are between two five metres. If you were

:43:33. > :43:35.unlucky enough to be out at sea and see one that was 40 metres, that is

:43:36. > :43:42.taller than three double-decker bushes. -- buses. This is a picture

:43:43. > :43:51.taken at Saint Mary 's on the Isle of silly. That is huge. There is the

:43:52. > :43:55.building, two stories. It is cashing in on shore. It is going against a

:43:56. > :43:59.barrier, making its spray even more. Huge waves. If you are thinking

:44:00. > :44:04.about going for a walk on the coastline, I would not do it myself,

:44:05. > :44:08.be very careful. I will explain what else is happening.

:44:09. > :44:21.Storm Imogen has been packing a punch on the Isles of Scilly. 78 mph

:44:22. > :44:26.gusts. Pembury Sands, 74. Plymouth, 60 mph. Storm Imogen is weakening,

:44:27. > :44:30.but you can see how the strongest wind, the tiny isobars, are

:44:31. > :44:34.continuing to drift from south Wales and south-west England, off in the

:44:35. > :44:39.direction of south-east England. It is the South of England and South

:44:40. > :44:42.Wales that has The Met Office Amber be prepared warning. Storm Imogen

:44:43. > :44:46.has already caused some disruption and is likely to continue to do so

:44:47. > :44:53.as you go to the rest of the day. So, inland, we are looking at gusts

:44:54. > :44:58.of 55 or 65 mph. Towards the coast, with exposure, 70 or 80 mph,

:44:59. > :45:06.possibly even more, as we have already seen, at The Needles, where

:45:07. > :45:11.we had gusts of 96 mph. Couple that with showers, nasty driving

:45:12. > :45:15.conditions. North Wales and Northern Ireland, still as windy, but not as

:45:16. > :45:18.windy. We have a plethora of showers, some of them are emerging.

:45:19. > :45:22.In between, brighter and sunny skies. The lightest wind, the driest

:45:23. > :45:26.conditions, across Scotland. Fewer showers here. Those that fall on

:45:27. > :45:31.higher ground are likely to be wintry in nature. To recap, the

:45:32. > :45:37.Northern Ireland, northern England, parts of southern Scotland, 30 or 40

:45:38. > :45:47.mph gusts. For most of Wales, East Anglia, 40 or 50. As we come across

:45:48. > :45:50.South Wales and southern counties of England, 60 or 70 mph. With

:45:51. > :45:52.exposure, 80 plus. That is where we have the weather warning. Wherever

:45:53. > :45:55.you are, it will feel cold, apart from anything else. Overnight, the

:45:56. > :45:59.wind will slowly start to ease. Still going to be very windy. We

:46:00. > :46:03.will have a band of rain and some showers, and it will be cold enough

:46:04. > :46:07.for frost across parts of Scotland, with the risk of ice. Here, wintry

:46:08. > :46:11.showers. We will see a wintry flavour across the Pennines. The

:46:12. > :46:30.hills, in Wales, and also the moors. That will be how we start

:46:31. > :46:34.the day tomorrow. Tomorrow, some sunshine around as well. The wind

:46:35. > :46:37.continuing to is a touch. But it is still going to be a windy day. Some

:46:38. > :46:39.of the snow across the Highlands and Grampians getting down to more

:46:40. > :46:42.modest levels. Temperatures, five or eight, roughly where we should be at

:46:43. > :46:48.this stage of the year, nonetheless, cold. A quick look at Wednesday.

:46:49. > :46:52.Hello - it's just after 10am, it's Monday,

:46:53. > :46:55.Welcome to the programme if you've just joined us.

:46:56. > :46:59.With 19 shootings in just 12 months, including that of a seven-year-old

:47:00. > :47:02.boy and his mother - we'll be looking at why Salford has

:47:03. > :47:04.seen such extreme violence spilling onto its streets.

:47:05. > :47:12.Our reporter Catrin Nye discovers 30 children in the city of are living

:47:13. > :47:16.with the threat of murder. He was on the floor and he went up to him and

:47:17. > :47:22.shot him in the chest and shot him again and the bullet went through

:47:23. > :47:27.his chest into the floor, then he stamped constantly on him all over

:47:28. > :47:31.his face. Also on the programme: prisoner

:47:32. > :47:35.should be treated as assets rather than liabilities. That is what David

:47:36. > :47:39.Cameron is going to say later today as he announces a shake-up in the

:47:40. > :47:50.way prisons in England and Wales are run. And a former top judge tells us

:47:51. > :47:53.why he thinks divorce does untold damage to parents and their

:47:54. > :47:58.children. We will also hear from families who have been through a

:47:59. > :48:03.break-up. It was a battle. There was also a battle between us. But it

:48:04. > :48:10.didn't have to be a battle, that was the whole point.

:48:11. > :48:13.The main news so far this morning, breaking news, an 80-year-old girl

:48:14. > :48:17.has been pulled alive from the rubble of an apartment complex in

:48:18. > :48:23.Taiwan after being trapped for nearly three days in earthquake

:48:24. > :48:27.rubble. -- eight-year-old girl. Rescuers freed two other people

:48:28. > :48:39.earlier this morning. 37 people are known to have died and 100 are still

:48:40. > :48:42.missing. David Cameron is preparing to set out plans to radically

:48:43. > :48:47.overhaul prisons in infant and Wales describing the failure of the

:48:48. > :48:49.current system as scandalous. Prison governors are expected to be given

:48:50. > :48:54.greater freedom over how they run their jails as part of a pilot

:48:55. > :48:59.scheme. We will get reaction to the plans from the Howard league for

:49:00. > :49:05.penal reform later on in the programme.

:49:06. > :49:08.Parts of Southern England and Wales are being hit by strong winds

:49:09. > :49:10.and heavy rain as Storm Imogen moves across the country.

:49:11. > :49:13.More than 50 flood warnings are in place, while the Met Office

:49:14. > :49:15.has issued an amber prepared warning for wind.

:49:16. > :49:18.Almost 5,000 homes have been left without power in the South West.

:49:19. > :49:20.A former top family court judge tells this programme that family

:49:21. > :49:23.breakdown is so damaging that the government should recognise

:49:24. > :49:26.it as a public health issue - and warns that's its at epidemic

:49:27. > :49:29.One mother tells us the impact her separation had

:49:30. > :49:36.My whole world collapsed all in one go and basically I wasn't there for

:49:37. > :49:41.the girls. I went to social services, this is how my head was, I

:49:42. > :49:53.went to social services to hand her in because I said I couldn't cope.

:49:54. > :49:57.The Prime Minister says an excerpt from the EU could mean British

:49:58. > :50:01.border gods would no longer be able to check passports in France.

:50:02. > :50:03.Critics have accused him of scaremongering.

:50:04. > :50:06.A huge new gas plant has been fired up in the Shetland Isles.

:50:07. > :50:09.The site, which is run by French energy company Total,

:50:10. > :50:12.is said to contain almost a fifth of the UK's remaining oil

:50:13. > :50:15.It's expected to produce around 8% of the country's supply,

:50:16. > :50:21.the equivalent to powering more than 2 million homes.

:50:22. > :50:29.Let's catch up with all the sport now.

:50:30. > :50:31.The Six Nations is underway - England were clinical and abrasive,

:50:32. > :50:34.Scotland need a rocket, a draw for Wales and Ireland was no

:50:35. > :50:37.good to anyone - those were the conclusions after the first

:50:38. > :50:40.weekend of the championship, that left England and new coach

:50:41. > :50:57.England making ground, softening up the defence, Jack Nowell into the

:50:58. > :51:01.corner for the try, what a try for England. The RBS six Nations man of

:51:02. > :51:05.the match is this man, Billy Vunipola. Victory for England, Eddie

:51:06. > :51:10.Jones' England. Vunipola. Victory for England, Eddie

:51:11. > :51:13.would be a difficult game, we had two weeks together with virtually a

:51:14. > :51:19.new team doing new things but I was pleased with our application in the

:51:20. > :51:25.first half and the defence was outstanding. That game was there to

:51:26. > :51:29.be won and that is the hard cold fact of the situation. If we get

:51:30. > :51:35.ourselves in a similar situation we have two nail it.

:51:36. > :51:44.He's going on his own and he is over, he scores! What a kick by

:51:45. > :51:48.Jonny Sexton. We are all square. Would put some pressure on them, we

:51:49. > :51:52.didn't get those points and they built their way into the lead. In

:51:53. > :51:57.the end, we are probably reasonably relieved to escape with a 16-6 draw.

:51:58. > :52:02.I'm glad we managed to get back into the game and get a draw out of it.

:52:03. > :52:07.13-0 down, to come back and get a draw I guess that is not too bad.

:52:08. > :52:11.COMMENTATOR: That is a monster of a kick.

:52:12. > :52:17.Heroic performance by the whole Italian side. But France have come

:52:18. > :52:23.through, they have squeaked their way to a win.

:52:24. > :52:38.A good start there. The other big event was the Super Bowl with 160

:52:39. > :52:43.million watching around the world. They saw the Broncos beat the

:52:44. > :52:46.Carolina Panthers. The Broncos' Peyton Manning became the first

:52:47. > :52:49.quarterback to win the title with two different teams at the age of 39

:52:50. > :52:55.prompting questions over his future is. Panthers hasta looking for the

:52:56. > :52:59.first crown. But nobody could criticise their dedication, this is

:53:00. > :53:06.their linebacker Thomas Davis who broke his arm, and he praised his

:53:07. > :53:11.medical team who stitched him up so he could play. Not sure if it was

:53:12. > :53:14.deliberate but his arm resembled an American football. And he came out

:53:15. > :53:26.on the losing side. I will be back with the headlines at 10:30am. Good

:53:27. > :53:31.morning. We are on the air until 11am. We're always keen to hear from

:53:32. > :53:35.you if have personal experience of a story in the news. In terms of

:53:36. > :53:39.prison reform and what David Cameron will set out later today, this tweet

:53:40. > :53:43.from Paul, we cannot improve the numbers on education inside when

:53:44. > :53:47.prisoners are locked in cells all day due to insufficient staff.

:53:48. > :53:51.Another tweet, it is about time that is prison reform, I agree it is

:53:52. > :53:55.about punishment but we must educate prisoners. And this from Paul as

:53:56. > :53:57.well: prisons to be reformed while massively understaffed and bursting

:53:58. > :54:03.at the seams? Keep the comments coming in, texts will be charged at

:54:04. > :54:11.the standard network rate. You can watch the show online by looking at

:54:12. > :54:16.the BBC News app and on the website. Salford has seen extreme violence in

:54:17. > :54:17.the last year, the result of a gang feud that has spilled out onto the

:54:18. > :54:18.streets. When a 7-year-old boy and his mother

:54:19. > :54:21.were shot on their doorstep, it became clear things had

:54:22. > :54:25.reached a shocking low. BBC Panorama has learned that 30

:54:26. > :54:28.children in the city are living with the threat of murder,

:54:29. > :54:34.as Catrin Nye reports. A grenade thrown through

:54:35. > :54:54.the window of a house here. And a man shot dead with a machine

:54:55. > :54:58.gun on the driveway of his home Patricia Erdman knows what it's

:54:59. > :55:05.like to live in the middle You know how close we

:55:06. > :55:12.were just by looking. Her son Lee was shot

:55:13. > :55:14.and killed in a pub in 2011 in front

:55:15. > :55:18.of around 30 people. The bullet went straight

:55:19. > :55:23.through his heart and he just fell to the floor and then he went up

:55:24. > :55:27.to him and shot him in the chest again, and the bullet

:55:28. > :55:29.went through his And then he just stamped

:55:30. > :55:32.constantly all over After he had shot Lee he just

:55:33. > :55:52.threatened everybody in the pub. Patricia knows potential witnesses

:55:53. > :55:55.are scared but she's to hopes Despite everybody's best

:55:56. > :55:58.efforts, nobody has And clearly some individuals

:55:59. > :56:01.will feel they can Last July another as

:56:02. > :56:04.yet unsolved murder. Convicted criminal turned would-be

:56:05. > :56:06.Mayor of Salford Paul Massey was murdered with

:56:07. > :56:08.a machine gun on the Will you catch the person

:56:09. > :56:12.who did it, or will it become another unsolved

:56:13. > :56:14.murder in Salford? Yes, it is challenging but I feel

:56:15. > :56:17.positive about the progress Seven months after his

:56:18. > :56:24.death no one has been Paul Ferris is a convicted

:56:25. > :56:28.gun-runner and friend of Paul Massey, who now writes books

:56:29. > :56:30.about his criminal past. What are the consequences

:56:31. > :56:36.of Paul Massey's death? It's a never-ending cycle and it's

:56:37. > :56:40.a cycle that can only be broken What if the police

:56:41. > :56:43.find the person that If the police find the person

:56:44. > :56:48.who did it they've got There's a lot of friends of Paul's

:56:49. > :56:56.who are still in prison. The escalation of violence

:56:57. > :56:58.in Salford means last year police personally warned more than 100

:56:59. > :57:00.people that their lives were in danger, and that's

:57:01. > :57:05.affecting children. Official figures obtained

:57:06. > :57:10.by panorama revealed that 30 children in Salford live

:57:11. > :57:15.in a household where a family member is at risk of being murdered,

:57:16. > :57:17.or murdering someone. That's a whole classroom

:57:18. > :57:19.full of children. Four months ago gunmen

:57:20. > :57:22.targeted this house. for a man named Christian

:57:23. > :57:26.Hickey. seven-year-old son and the boy's

:57:27. > :57:30.mother. It crossed a line, where even

:57:31. > :57:35.for those people who do have a distrust of policing come

:57:36. > :57:38.forward and tell us what you know For Christmas the injured

:57:39. > :57:41.boy asked Santa to help the police catch

:57:42. > :57:43.the men who hurt him. So far the police have

:57:44. > :57:48.been unsuccessful. And, you can watch Catrin Nye's full

:57:49. > :57:52.report, Gangs, Guns and the Police tonight on Panorama,

:57:53. > :58:01.that's on BBC One at 8:30pm. This news has just come in and it's

:58:02. > :58:07.to do with an Npower, the gas and electricity provider announcing a

:58:08. > :58:17.5.2% reduction in prices cutting its standard domestic gas tariff, and

:58:18. > :58:23.Parr announcing a cut in prices by 5.2% cutting the standard gas bill

:58:24. > :58:26.by ?32. Still to come: should couples struggling with their

:58:27. > :58:35.relationship do more to avoid divorce? The family court judge says

:58:36. > :58:36.it should be treated as seriously as smoking and obesity.

:58:37. > :58:39.More and more of you are having cosmetic surgery -

:58:40. > :58:42.with new figures showing pretty much every type of nip and tuck and op

:58:43. > :58:46.Last year 51,000 Brits underwent a procedure -

:58:47. > :58:49.that's a rise of 13% on the previous year and a new record.

:58:50. > :58:51.The most popular cosmetic op is still a boob job.

:58:52. > :58:53.That includes both enlargements and reductions -

:58:54. > :59:02.and saw a 12% increase to more than 9,600 procedures last year.

:59:03. > :59:06.The next most popular type of surgery is eyelid lifts which saw

:59:07. > :59:15.And face and neck lifts were up 16% to 7,419.

:59:16. > :59:17.The biggest jump in surgeries is for liposuction -

:59:18. > :59:21.which saw an increase of 20% taking the total to 5,500.

:59:22. > :59:24.Worth pointing out these figures don't include all the British people

:59:25. > :59:27.who go abroad for cosmetic surgery - which is thought to be more

:59:28. > :59:43.We'd like to hear your experiences of cosmetic surgery -

:59:44. > :59:46.why did you have it - and how do you feel about it now?

:59:47. > :59:50.Alicia Douvall is a former glamour model who regrets spending over

:59:51. > :59:55.?1 million on hundreds of cosmetic surgery procedures.

:59:56. > :00:03.and you regret every single pound you have spent. I certainly do. You

:00:04. > :00:10.spend ?20,000 on a boot job, nose job and like the suction. What is

:00:11. > :00:16.that? It is a type of like the suction done with injections,

:00:17. > :00:21.breaking down the fat and it is removed by a suction machine. Which

:00:22. > :00:28.part of your body did you have that done on? I had it around the Fima

:00:29. > :00:35.and the back of the leg. You had an operation last September. ?1 million

:00:36. > :00:44.on how many operations? More than that. It is probably about 360 now.

:00:45. > :00:50.Give our audience an idea of what kind of procedures will stop what

:00:51. > :00:55.kind of procedures? I've had 22 breast operations, nose job, guys,

:00:56. > :00:58.there is nothing I haven't had done. In terms of the breast operations,

:00:59. > :01:05.was that to correct previous procedures? Most of it has been

:01:06. > :01:15.reconstruction surgery. Katharina, tell us why you had the procedures

:01:16. > :01:19.you had. It started when I was 15, I did not have a proper breast on one

:01:20. > :01:28.side. The doctor said if I got to the age of 21 and they have not even

:01:29. > :01:35.doubt, I could apply to have a -- an operation, if they did not even out.

:01:36. > :01:40.Wasn't having an impact on the way that you thought about yourself, how

:01:41. > :01:43.you went about your life? Incredibly, when you don't have the

:01:44. > :01:48.same kind of construction as everybody else, you do feel

:01:49. > :01:52.masculine, like you don't have that sense of femininity. When I did have

:01:53. > :02:00.that done, it dramatically increased my confidence. I felt like a whole

:02:01. > :02:06.new person. I felt normal. What was your reason for going for breast

:02:07. > :02:16.augmentation? It affected my confidence on a deeper level. I lost

:02:17. > :02:21.quite a bit of weight. I went from having boobs to losing them. I went

:02:22. > :02:24.up in size for bras I was wearing, I could not wear the same kind of

:02:25. > :02:31.dresses as my friends. I did feel like I was the odd one out and I

:02:32. > :02:36.needed to do something about it. Alysia, can you relate to the

:02:37. > :02:41.self-esteem and recession? People have plastic surgery, like myself,

:02:42. > :02:47.because they have low self-esteem. I was very young and naive. I wish

:02:48. > :02:51.somebody, that age, said, were gone what is inside, it does not matter

:02:52. > :02:55.what you look like. If you are clever, if you excel at something,

:02:56. > :03:01.that is what matters. If somebody said that to you, you would not have

:03:02. > :03:04.listened? I wish. If somebody said, if you start having plastic surgery,

:03:05. > :03:10.you cannot stop, it is a commitment for the rest of your life, then...

:03:11. > :03:14.You have had three procedures, might you become addicted? Do you

:03:15. > :03:19.recognise what she is saying? I do think there is a risk of addiction.

:03:20. > :03:22.But it is a personal thing as well. I don't think I would go too far. I

:03:23. > :03:29.am happy with the way things are now. I would maintain fillers, but I

:03:30. > :03:37.don't think I need anything else. What do you have those four? The

:03:38. > :03:43.lips. Why do you need bigger lips? They are personal questions, but I'm

:03:44. > :03:49.fascinated. It is not throughout the whole of them, it is just at the

:03:50. > :03:57.corners. A surgeon injects some stuff? It is technically

:03:58. > :04:00.nonsurgical, when you have fillers. I'm not an addictive personality,

:04:01. > :04:10.I've not been into drugs or alcohol, anything like that, I started with

:04:11. > :04:24.one boob job, semipermanent make-up, implants are not for ever,

:04:25. > :04:26.one boob job, semipermanent make-up, It is something you go into, if I

:04:27. > :04:30.have children, my body will change, the implants will not last. That is

:04:31. > :04:33.something I'm aware of. There is not really anything else I would

:04:34. > :04:37.consider having done. I would not rule it out, later my life, there is

:04:38. > :04:41.nothing to say I will not be comfortable with how my body looks.

:04:42. > :04:43.But I'm not thinking of having different things other than

:04:44. > :04:48.But I'm not thinking of having done. The figures published today

:04:49. > :04:52.show a record high, a record number of British people having procedures,

:04:53. > :04:57.and not just women, men as well, going for similar sorts of

:04:58. > :05:05.procedures. We are becoming more vain. It is becoming

:05:06. > :05:06.procedures. We are becoming more years ago people would not want to

:05:07. > :05:17.come out and say. years ago people would not want to

:05:18. > :05:18.salon. We don't see it as a serious operation. You go in, you have your

:05:19. > :05:29.boobs, your nose done, it is a operation. You go in, you have your

:05:30. > :05:33.celebrities, which people are looking up to, they all have plastic

:05:34. > :05:40.surgery. People see it as the answer. I think it is more

:05:41. > :05:43.accessible to have it done and more acceptable. People can get finance

:05:44. > :05:46.accessible to have it done and more deals, they can find other ways to

:05:47. > :05:50.have better access to cosmetic surgery. It is very much something

:05:51. > :05:56.everybody does nowadays. Most of my friends have had it done. Sadly, it

:05:57. > :06:04.is advertised on TV. It is sad we are following America in that way. I

:06:05. > :06:07.don't think cosmetic surgery is a bad thing, there is nothing wrong

:06:08. > :06:11.with wanting to improve yourself and make yourself a better version of

:06:12. > :06:15.you. As long as it is for yourself, your own confidence, not something

:06:16. > :06:19.you have done because you feel other people don't like that about you.

:06:20. > :06:27.Did you research your surgeon, did you research the risk, were you told

:06:28. > :06:33.about the risks? It is a serious operation. I did a lot of research,

:06:34. > :06:37.it was ten years I had been considering. I had always wanted a

:06:38. > :06:41.bigger boobs anyway, but since the weight loss as well, it was

:06:42. > :06:47.something I really felt I needed to have done. I did a lot of research

:06:48. > :06:52.online. I was recommended the surgeon, the people that I went

:06:53. > :06:57.with, it was a pleasant experience throughout. I could not have any

:06:58. > :07:02.complaints at all. When you hear somebody like Alysia talking about

:07:03. > :07:08.her regrets, how does that make you feel? On a personal level, everybody

:07:09. > :07:14.has their own reasons for having surgery. For me, it is different to

:07:15. > :07:18.it might be for you, and yourself as well, different reasons that we

:07:19. > :07:22.choose to have cosmetic surgery. Some people might have regrets, some

:07:23. > :07:26.people might say it is the best thing they have ever done. In my

:07:27. > :07:31.case, that is the case. What about you, when you hear about those

:07:32. > :07:35.regrets? I think it is unfortunate some people do feel like the surgery

:07:36. > :07:40.was not the best decision. Like you were saying, it is a very personal

:07:41. > :07:50.choice. I don't have any regrets. Do you feel fake? No. Just checking! I

:07:51. > :07:56.do! And the mother of a 20-year-old and I always tell her to embrace her

:07:57. > :08:00.differences, do not put fake eyelashes on, dye your hair, she's

:08:01. > :08:04.been brought up to believe that she is proud of who she is, confident,

:08:05. > :08:06.and locks are not as important as you think they are when you are 20.

:08:07. > :08:09.Thank you very much. Still to come - would banning TV ads

:08:10. > :08:12.for junk food before 9pm We'll be chatting to some mums

:08:13. > :08:16.here in the studio, as well as hearing your thoughts

:08:17. > :08:20.on the matter. Let's talk more about the shake-up

:08:21. > :08:23.of the way prisons are run in this country, which the Prime Minister's

:08:24. > :08:26.set to announce a bit later. He'll say that the current system,

:08:27. > :08:30.with its violence, drug-taking and high re-offending

:08:31. > :08:32.rates, is scandalous. He's expected to promise more

:08:33. > :08:35.control for prison governors on how to run their jails and promise

:08:36. > :08:39.better education for prisoners in the hope they won't

:08:40. > :08:43.commit any more crimes. Earlier we spoke to a former

:08:44. > :08:47.prisoner, Mark Johnson. I asked him what he thought

:08:48. > :08:49.of David Cameron's plan. Because I've heard successive

:08:50. > :08:55.governments since I've been working within the charity field

:08:56. > :08:59.talk a lot of rhetoric. But if this rhetoric

:09:00. > :09:01.transforms to action, Some, yes, but the devil

:09:02. > :09:07.is certainly in the detail. My biggest thing is,

:09:08. > :09:09.today we are talking I want to know what

:09:10. > :09:16.type of education. Because, crime and the causes

:09:17. > :09:35.of crime are a psychological issue. That was the view of one former

:09:36. > :09:39.inmate. What about if better prisons could prevent reoffending? Let's

:09:40. > :09:43.talk to Howard Nielsen from the Centre for penal reform. What you

:09:44. > :09:47.think of these ideas? And they are very welcome, it is the first time

:09:48. > :09:50.we have seen a speech from a Prime Minister purely focused on prison

:09:51. > :09:58.reform in two decades. It is very important that the Prime Minister

:09:59. > :10:05.pubs his weight behind the proposals. The idea of giving

:10:06. > :10:09.governors more autonomy is a good one. Seeking to improve prison

:10:10. > :10:12.education is a holy grail that successive governments have liked

:10:13. > :10:17.that. Cannot be done, with the prison population as high as it is?

:10:18. > :10:21.That is the big question. At the moment, the issue is the size of the

:10:22. > :10:25.prison population, prison overcrowding. The fact that prisons,

:10:26. > :10:28.like other public services, have seen spending cuts in prisons, it

:10:29. > :10:34.has meant less staff. When you have more prisoners, that means less

:10:35. > :10:38.staff. Prisoners are spending more of their days locked in cells, doing

:10:39. > :10:42.nothing. That is behind a lot of the problems we have seen developing,

:10:43. > :10:48.the rise in violence, suicide and self harm in recent times. How do

:10:49. > :10:51.you make an inmate learn, if they don't want to? There are all sorts

:10:52. > :10:57.of creative techniques that teachers can use. That is the sort of thing

:10:58. > :11:01.the Government is going to be exploring. But I think the practical

:11:02. > :11:04.issue is, how do you make a prisoner learn if they are stuck in their

:11:05. > :11:09.cells and there are not the staff to get them out of the cells and into

:11:10. > :11:12.classrooms? Government after Government has come up with

:11:13. > :11:18.suggestions to cut reoffending. It is still really high, 46% of people,

:11:19. > :11:21.once they come out, reoffend. Do you have your own suggestions? It is

:11:22. > :11:35.even higher if you look at people with short

:11:36. > :11:37.sentences. Two thirds gone to reoffend. 12 months or less? People

:11:38. > :11:40.that spend a few weeks in prison. They have also not committed serious

:11:41. > :11:44.violent crimes, that is why they got a short sentence. That is why we

:11:45. > :11:48.need to look at alternatives to prison. If we gave people on short

:11:49. > :11:52.sentences more opportunities to earn their release, if they engage with

:11:53. > :11:55.rehabilitation, you can reduce the demand on the system. Then prisoners

:11:56. > :11:59.are able to focus what resources they do have, on the people the

:12:00. > :12:03.public are most concerned about. There is talk of reducing demand,

:12:04. > :12:09.unconfirmed, we will find out when Mr Cameron gives a speech, prisoners

:12:10. > :12:12.being let out during the week, on tag, more use of community

:12:13. > :12:18.punishments. If that is confirmed, you would welcome that? We would

:12:19. > :12:20.need to see the detail. There are some suggestions, releasing

:12:21. > :12:25.prisoners during the week, only to have them imprisoned at weekend, it

:12:26. > :12:31.begs the question, why put them in prison at all? If they are safe

:12:32. > :12:35.enough to be in the community from Monday to Friday, why put them in on

:12:36. > :12:38.Saturday and Sunday? The use of more urgent release, community

:12:39. > :12:42.supervision, something we broadly welcome.

:12:43. > :12:47.The news and sport in a moment. First, we want to show you a bit of

:12:48. > :13:01.Beyonce's performance at the Super Bowl.

:13:02. > :13:54.# OK, ladies, let's get in formation... #

:13:55. > :13:57.# I twirl all my haters Albino alligators

:13:58. > :14:00.# El Camino with the ceiling low Sippin' Cuervo with no chaser

:14:01. > :14:03.# Sometimes I go off, I go off I go hard, I go hard

:14:04. > :14:17.# Get what's mine, take what's mine I'm a star,

:14:18. > :14:20.The Denver Broncos may have beaten the Carolina Panthers by 24 points

:14:21. > :14:24.to 10 - but it's Beyonce who stole the show.

:14:25. > :14:27.Not only was her performance sensational - but many people have

:14:28. > :14:29.been commenting on how she used her performance to make

:14:30. > :14:37.a point about the rights of black people - and lots are tweeting

:14:38. > :14:40.Her dancers were dressed to possibly look like the political group,

:14:41. > :14:42.the Black Panthers, and they formed an X during the performance,

:14:43. > :14:49.seen as a reference to activist Malcolm X.

:14:50. > :14:59.She released a surprise to -- track over the weekend called Formation.

:15:00. > :15:02.A former top judge tells us why he believes that

:15:03. > :15:05.divorce is one of the most damaging things we can do to ourselves

:15:06. > :15:09.Measures to tackle childhood obesity could include a ban on adverts

:15:10. > :15:13.But would it make any difference to your child's health?

:15:14. > :15:15.We'll be hearing your views - and chatting to some mums

:15:16. > :15:33.An eight-year-old girl has been pulled alive from the rubble

:15:34. > :15:37.of an apartment complex in Taiwan - nearly three days after the building

:15:38. > :15:39.Rescuers freed two other survivors earlier this morning.

:15:40. > :15:42.37 people are known to have died in the quake -

:15:43. > :15:47.The energy provider Npower says it will reduce its household gas prices

:15:48. > :15:51.The announcement follows similar tariff cuts by rival suppliers E.ON

:15:52. > :15:56.David Cameron is preparing to set out plans to radically overhaul

:15:57. > :15:58.prisons in England and Wales - describing the "failure"

:15:59. > :15:59.of the current system as "scandalous".

:16:00. > :16:02.Prison governors are expected to be given greater freedom over how

:16:03. > :16:07.they run their jails as part of a pilot scheme.

:16:08. > :16:10.Parts of southern England and Wales are being hit by strong winds

:16:11. > :16:12.and heavy rain as Storm Imogen moves across the country.

:16:13. > :16:17.More than 50 flood warnings are in place, while the Met Office

:16:18. > :16:26.has issued an amber 'prepared warning' for wind.

:16:27. > :16:27.Thousands of home in south-west England, Gloucestershire

:16:28. > :16:31.A former top family court judge tells this programme that family

:16:32. > :16:33.breakdown is so damaging that the government should recognise

:16:34. > :16:36.it as a public health issue - and warns that's its

:16:37. > :16:39.it as a public health issue - and warns that it's

:16:40. > :16:47.One mother tells us the impact her separation had

:16:48. > :16:52.A huge new gas plant has been fired up in the Shetland Isles.

:16:53. > :16:54.The site, which is run by french energy company Total,

:16:55. > :16:57.is said to contain almost a fifth of the UK's remaining

:16:58. > :17:00.It's expected to produce around 8% of the country's

:17:01. > :17:02.supply, the equivalent to powering more than two million homes.

:17:03. > :17:04.Let's catch up with all the sport now.

:17:05. > :17:13.Wales came from 13 points behind to claim a draw against Ireland

:17:14. > :17:16.England top the table after beating Scotland,

:17:17. > :17:19.Around 160 million people were watching across the world

:17:20. > :17:22.as the Denver Broncos beat favourites Carolina Panthers to win

:17:23. > :17:28.The Broncos' Peyton Manning became the first quarterback to win

:17:29. > :17:31.the title at two different teams at the age of 39.

:17:32. > :17:33.Louis van Gaal's frustration with the press continued yesterday,

:17:34. > :17:38.after Manchester United's draw at Chelsea.

:17:39. > :17:43.Diego Costa levelled in injury time - and Van Gaal accused journalists

:17:44. > :17:47.of inventing stories about Jose Mourinho taking his job.

:17:48. > :17:50.Arsenal are still in the title race - Mezul Ozil

:17:51. > :17:53.and Alex Oxlade Chamberlain gave them a 2-0 win at Bournemouth -

:17:54. > :17:58.Arsenal are five points behind leaders Leicester.

:17:59. > :18:01.In the Scottish Cup Fifth Round, Hibernian came from 2-0 down

:18:02. > :18:03.against Edinburgh rivals Hearts to force a replay -

:18:04. > :18:06.Paul Hanlon completed the comeback in injury time.

:18:07. > :18:09.And Premiership leaders Celtic are into the last eight -

:18:10. > :18:11.they won 2-0 to end Lowland League side East Kilbride's terrific

:18:12. > :18:19.That's all the sport for now - I'll have more on BBC

:18:20. > :18:32.I just wanted to show you this pretty graphic footage of a wild

:18:33. > :18:41.leopard attacking a man at a school swimming complex in Bangalore. The

:18:42. > :18:47.leopard strolled into the school grounds and became disorientated and

:18:48. > :18:51.distressed, it mauled a number of people. Six people were hurt, but

:18:52. > :18:52.despite the images, nobody was seriously injured, which is

:18:53. > :18:58.astonishing. After ten seriously injured, which is

:18:59. > :19:02.leopard was tranquillised and released into a national park. There

:19:03. > :19:06.are around 12,000 leopards in India released into a national park. There

:19:07. > :19:11.and they have been known to stray into populated areas before.

:19:12. > :19:14.Conservationists have warned that such confrontations may increase as

:19:15. > :19:18.humans encroach on animal habitats. It is thought this particular

:19:19. > :19:20.leopard came from a patch of forest not far from the school. Nobody

:19:21. > :19:25.seriously injured, quite remarkable. In the next few weeks the Government

:19:26. > :19:28.will announce how it plans A new poll suggests three quarters

:19:29. > :19:34.of you want it to ban adverts for junk food before

:19:35. > :19:37.the 9pm watershed. Junk food includes big fast-food

:19:38. > :19:39.chains as well as sweets, chocolates, crisps

:19:40. > :19:41.and sugary drinks. At the moment unhealthy food can't

:19:42. > :19:43.be promoted during programmes specifically aimed at children,

:19:44. > :19:45.but there are no restrictions on what can run during family

:19:46. > :19:48.shows like the X Factor Here's an example of some ads

:19:49. > :19:59.which ran this weekend before 9pm. VOICE-OVER:

:20:00. > :20:03.KFC's chicken Tuesdays. Nine pieces of original

:20:04. > :20:05.recipe chicken for just Which is your favourite

:20:06. > :20:08.Haribo Starmix? VOICE-OVER:

:20:09. > :20:18.Do you like your burgers made Do you like rashers

:20:19. > :20:24.of beechwood-smoked bacon? VOICE-OVER: Sometimes

:20:25. > :20:29.all you need is the smooth creamy taste of Werther's Original

:20:30. > :20:32.Caramel to remind you that you're So should those adverts

:20:33. > :20:39.be banned before 9pm? Will it make any difference

:20:40. > :20:42.to obesity and the amount of junk As you can see we've got

:20:43. > :20:47.lots of examples of the kind of junk food we're talking about here -

:20:48. > :20:50.and I should point out these are just some of the examples -

:20:51. > :20:53.there are loads and loads of companies selling food high

:20:54. > :20:55.in salt and sugar. Amanda Broomhall has children

:20:56. > :20:57.and really struggled Mel Fallowfield has two

:20:58. > :21:01.children aged six and nine. Annie O'Leary is editor in chief

:21:02. > :21:03.of the social network Netmums, and Tim Rycroft is from the Food

:21:04. > :21:15.and Drinks Federation. Welcome all of you and thank you for

:21:16. > :21:21.coming onto the programme. Amanda, is advertising to blame for

:21:22. > :21:26.childhood obesity? I think it is one of the reasons why it is happening.

:21:27. > :21:31.I think the bottom line is that food manufacturers spend millions and

:21:32. > :21:34.millions of pounds advertising specifically to certain types of

:21:35. > :21:37.people because it works. That's the bottom line because they wouldn't

:21:38. > :21:41.spend the money to advertise to a group of consumers they were trying

:21:42. > :21:45.to get to unless it was worth the investment. You cannot blame it all

:21:46. > :21:50.on advertising, parents have to take some blame. We are there to show

:21:51. > :21:55.children the best way forward. It's not helping with being bombarded

:21:56. > :21:58.with advertising and is on television and in newspapers

:21:59. > :22:03.everywhere. It's like everything, children are very easily influenced.

:22:04. > :22:06.And with the best will in the world parents will try and show their

:22:07. > :22:13.children the best way but it doesn't help when you are being shown that

:22:14. > :22:16.this is a really tasty food. You struggled particularly with your son

:22:17. > :22:21.when he was growing up with his weight. What were the issue?

:22:22. > :22:26.He saw what other people were eating and it would come onto the

:22:27. > :22:29.television and he wanted to be like his friends. Food is such an

:22:30. > :22:34.integral part of our society that it forms the basis of our whole lives,

:22:35. > :22:40.they are built around mealtimes. It's very difficult and does not

:22:41. > :22:45.seem to be helping. Tim, your organisation is not helping mums

:22:46. > :22:53.like Amanda. The watershed is an analogue solution for the digital

:22:54. > :22:58.age. We know that kids spend more time online than they do watching

:22:59. > :23:01.TV. Let's deal with the TV because millions sit down with their mums

:23:02. > :23:07.and dads and watch X factor, or Britons got talent, or Hollyoaks,

:23:08. > :23:10.for example. When those adverts come on. We have some of the tightest

:23:11. > :23:16.restrictions on advertising of high-fat salts and sugar foods in

:23:17. > :23:20.the world. Despite that, the adverts for the pizzas, fast-food and

:23:21. > :23:23.whatever, it is not helping, is it? If you look at The X Factor, we

:23:24. > :23:27.looked at this before Christmas when The X Factor was on and adverts for

:23:28. > :23:33.Special K, Ritz crackers, milk Tray these are not targeted at children.

:23:34. > :23:37.We have a system that works. We need to extend it to the online sphere

:23:38. > :23:41.because that is where kids are increasingly moving. Are you not

:23:42. > :23:45.going to address the specific issue of fast-food ads and junk food ads

:23:46. > :23:49.that children will be attracted to? We have a system that works and

:23:50. > :23:54.Ofcom said that in 2010 when it reviewed it. Not according to

:23:55. > :23:57.parents. What would you say? Parents are terribly willing to find

:23:58. > :24:01.anything to blame other and themselves for their children's

:24:02. > :24:06.eating habits. You've got children, you are the one that goes and buys

:24:07. > :24:10.the food, buy what you want them to eat and that is what there is to eat

:24:11. > :24:14.in the house and it is as plans that. I'm a journalist and I was

:24:15. > :24:19.editing an article the other day about a woman who had an overweight

:24:20. > :24:22.son and she said there needs to be more help out there and so on so is

:24:23. > :24:27.to blame and no one is doing this for me. I was editing it, why are

:24:28. > :24:30.you giving him the money to buy fizzy drinks, why are you doing

:24:31. > :24:36.this, take some responsibility, it is you. Do you agree? Absolutely,

:24:37. > :24:40.parents have a big role, a major role to play and I'm sure there is

:24:41. > :24:44.not apparent in the country that wants their children to grow up

:24:45. > :24:47.obese the advertising is bothering us and it is another pressure on us.

:24:48. > :24:54.Nobly wants an overweight sick child and it is just not helping us. --

:24:55. > :25:00.nobody wants an overweight sick child. How much of an issue is it on

:25:01. > :25:04.Netmums? It is a massive issue and chat around food attracts sometimes

:25:05. > :25:07.half of our users in a day. One of the things we are aware of is people

:25:08. > :25:12.come to us, sometimes under a anonymous names, because they feel

:25:13. > :25:15.such shame attached to a child who may be overweight or struggling with

:25:16. > :25:19.their weight in anyway. The key thing if we are to tackle this

:25:20. > :25:24.problem, and we agreed it is a problem and we need to tackle it, we

:25:25. > :25:26.need to bring parents with us. Tim doesn't necessarily agree that

:25:27. > :25:32.advertising is part of the problem. I agree that obesity is a massive

:25:33. > :25:42.problem. It is the biggest parenting site on the youth -- UK. We asked

:25:43. > :25:45.people to rank the problems in order as to which were the most important

:25:46. > :25:48.and of the ten things we laid out for them they put a ban on junk food

:25:49. > :25:52.advertising before the watershed as fourth, so they think it's a

:25:53. > :25:56.significant issue. What about the point that Tim makes that it is in a

:25:57. > :26:01.digital age and what would be the point when kids are watching catch

:26:02. > :26:05.up and online more than TV. It must extend into the digital space but we

:26:06. > :26:09.cannot ignore TV, kids watch the TV as well as using tablets. A ban is

:26:10. > :26:13.not necessary as far as you're concerned? I worry that it's another

:26:14. > :26:18.way of parents not taking responsibility themselves. So they

:26:19. > :26:25.can blame junk food advertising, they can blame whatever it is, but

:26:26. > :26:29.the core thing to bring it back to is... And I'm not unsympathetic.

:26:30. > :26:35.It's not that I'm saying people are bad mums if they have a slightly

:26:36. > :26:39.overweight kid in anyway. But I'm interested to know, you said number

:26:40. > :26:45.four was junk food advertising, what our number one, two and three? How

:26:46. > :26:50.to help is to get their child exercising, and buy food that is

:26:51. > :26:53.healthy for them. Those of us that read the government report that came

:26:54. > :26:56.out recently that analysed the data on this showed an increase in

:26:57. > :27:01.exercise will not tackle this problem alone, we need a

:27:02. > :27:06.multifaceted, holistic, 360 approach to this. We need lots of measures.

:27:07. > :27:10.We absolutely do. The ultimate response ability lies with parents

:27:11. > :27:14.and the choices they make and the way they educate their children to

:27:15. > :27:18.interact with food. Let's support parents in that. Part of the problem

:27:19. > :27:21.we have is we have a generation of parents who only recently realised

:27:22. > :27:30.that sugar is this massive problem. Mums raised with a bowl of Shreddies

:27:31. > :27:33.and a sprinkling of sugar and a glass of sugary juice. The world is

:27:34. > :27:39.a different place and we need to work together with parents to make

:27:40. > :27:43.them take the right decisions. Blaming them over the will not help.

:27:44. > :27:47.The Health Select Committee which I think you gave evidence to in

:27:48. > :27:53.November called for junk food adverts to be banned from running in

:27:54. > :27:58.shows like The X Factor and so on. How worried are your members that

:27:59. > :28:02.this will be part of the Government's obesity strategy? We

:28:03. > :28:04.don't know what will be in the strategy, we hope it will be the

:28:05. > :28:07.holistic strategy we have talked about but people are of course

:28:08. > :28:12.worried about the implications of that kind of intervention because

:28:13. > :28:16.that is where forecasters get the money to produce their programmes.

:28:17. > :28:18.There will be a trade-off if we take money away from commercial

:28:19. > :28:23.broadcasters, of course that will have an implication for the kind of

:28:24. > :28:29.programmes they can emission. Less quality X factor? Is that possible?

:28:30. > :28:32.It is possible. This tweet says people do not have the money to buy

:28:33. > :28:39.fast-food except when parents give them the money. Is that fair? Yes.

:28:40. > :28:46.Yes. Neal says maybe parents should find better programmes to watch. Ban

:28:47. > :28:50.adverts for junk food before 9pm but also at billboards at bus stops, on

:28:51. > :28:57.YouTube. Banning TV adverts would not be enough. This tweet says: not

:28:58. > :29:01.watching television, just me and the hordes of elderly trapped in their

:29:02. > :29:06.homes, look to the apps and various websites. Sorry that doesn't make

:29:07. > :29:12.sense, I know what she's saying. Joy says what is pressure not applied

:29:13. > :29:16.onto advertisers who -- manufacturers who load food with

:29:17. > :29:19.salt and sugar? There is pressure and the food industry and drinks

:29:20. > :29:24.industry has made some efforts to reduce them. We need to go further,

:29:25. > :29:29.definitely. The evidence shows that we formulating and changing the

:29:30. > :29:34.recipes of these books to take the fat, salt and sugar out will make a

:29:35. > :29:38.difference. We have already offered to take 20% more calories out of

:29:39. > :29:43.soft drinks. I don't think there is a problem with junk food in itself.

:29:44. > :29:45.A little of what you like does you good, everything in moderation, but

:29:46. > :29:50.we are being bombarded from every angle. We don't like to say no.

:29:51. > :29:54.Don't underestimate the power of pestering. They have removed sweets

:29:55. > :30:01.from the checkout in supermarkets and it has made life a lot easier.

:30:02. > :30:03.If we can bring down the amount of advertising, everything in

:30:04. > :30:07.moderation and that goes for the advertising as much as what we are

:30:08. > :30:10.eating. Jane says my child watches television con system to and I worry

:30:11. > :30:16.about the number of junk food adverts. Obvious piece of advice.

:30:17. > :30:20.Banning adverts won't stop parents buying junk food and feeding it to

:30:21. > :30:24.their kids. Pete says banning adverts won't help much, families

:30:25. > :30:30.need nutrition education, it is ignorance and laziness that causes

:30:31. > :30:34.obesity. Keith says: junk food advert ban, sugar tax, fat tax, we

:30:35. > :30:41.should ban opinionated control freaks who want to impose their

:30:42. > :30:44.views on others. And this from Mary: junk food TV ban, it comes down to

:30:45. > :30:47.parenting and nothing else. Thank you for those and thank you

:30:48. > :30:49.for coming onto the programme to talk about this.

:30:50. > :30:51.A former top family court judge tells this programme that family

:30:52. > :30:54.breakdown is so damaging that the government should recognise

:30:55. > :30:57.it as a public health issue - like smoking or obesity.

:30:58. > :31:00.Sir Paul Coleridge, who set up the Marriage Foundation in 2012,

:31:01. > :31:03.says the situation has got worse and worse.

:31:04. > :31:06.He describes the pain caused by divorce as the scourge of society

:31:07. > :31:12.If you're divorced you may be tired of hearing claims like that -

:31:13. > :31:15.after all it's a debate that's been held regularly for decades now,

:31:16. > :31:18.so we thought we'd take Sir Paul Coleridge to meet couples

:31:19. > :31:21.who've divorced and their children to see what effect it had.

:31:22. > :31:35.You're used to seeing a family environment,

:31:36. > :31:37.the cooker going, the smells, the girls, the sounds.

:31:38. > :31:44.And all you're left with is the silence.

:31:45. > :31:50.So your great memory is, as it were, of the emptiness and the silence?

:31:51. > :31:56.My whole world collapsed all in one go.

:31:57. > :31:59.Basically, I wasn't there for the girls.

:32:00. > :32:06.I went to social services to hand her in, because I said

:32:07. > :32:10.The battle, it's just the two people.

:32:11. > :32:21.Do you both admit that, whatever the rights and wrongs were,

:32:22. > :32:25.They got involved, they got involved and they were used.

:32:26. > :32:33.They never had the chance to be heard.

:32:34. > :32:38.Mum would make comments to Maisie about Dad.

:32:39. > :32:46.And you felt yourself pulled into the arguments?

:32:47. > :32:52.I think they always wanted to stay together for us three,

:32:53. > :32:55.for the sake of us three, but it weren't the right decision.

:32:56. > :32:58.We would rather they'd broken up when we were a lot littler,

:32:59. > :33:00.because we wouldn't have the memories that we have

:33:01. > :33:05.I'd have wanted no arguments, them two just to get on.

:33:06. > :33:09.Do you still have that kind of ideal wish, that your family could be...

:33:10. > :33:13.Yeah, I probably do have that little wish that they were still together.

:33:14. > :33:23.It wouldn't work, I know it wouldn't.

:33:24. > :33:26.On a scale of one to ten, how bad would you describe

:33:27. > :33:30.the emotional pain of going through a divorce?

:33:31. > :33:42.The worst thing you've ever had to deal with?

:33:43. > :33:47.With hindsight, taking everything into account,

:33:48. > :33:50.I wouldn't have gone down the divorce road.

:33:51. > :33:52.You would like to have the opportunity to do it differently

:33:53. > :34:15.You feel you made the right decision and you've moved on?

:34:16. > :34:33.Thank you, those of you who have got in touch. Helen, I agree the effect

:34:34. > :34:37.on children, both short and long term, can be really damaging. It is

:34:38. > :34:40.therefore imperative that there are structures in place to help children

:34:41. > :34:43.and parents, including more tangible things like books and good support

:34:44. > :34:48.through schools. The amount of children who experience parental

:34:49. > :34:51.separation at some point in their childhood is clearly substantial. I

:34:52. > :34:55.agree the Government needs to be concerned and make sure that

:34:56. > :35:02.appropriate support, and education, is in place. This e-mail says I am

:35:03. > :35:07.62, I still have nightmares about my parents' bitter divorce. They use

:35:08. > :35:11.myself and my sisters as a weapon, and myself and my younger sister

:35:12. > :35:20.went into a children's home for a week. I agree that children need

:35:21. > :35:24.counselling. I never told children in school that my parents had

:35:25. > :35:28.separated. Another e-mail, divorce is overstating come I never

:35:29. > :35:31.considered my ex-husband's anger and the involvement of my children and

:35:32. > :35:37.friends. I felt I was in a playground. Eight years after, my

:35:38. > :35:41.ex-partner would not sit next to me and my son's graduation and will not

:35:42. > :35:45.talk to or look at me. I dread their weddings, I fear it will always be

:35:46. > :35:49.like this. Stephen says it is too easy to divorce these days, you can

:35:50. > :35:52.petition with a divorce on fabricated evidence, the judge just

:35:53. > :35:56.agrees with you. I think you should have to stand in front of a judge

:35:57. > :36:00.and give evidence, letting them decide if the marriage can be saved.

:36:01. > :36:02.That would be one heck of a response ability. Get in touch with your own

:36:03. > :36:03.experiences. Sir Paul Coleridge is here,

:36:04. > :36:06.and also with us is Vivienne Goldstein -

:36:07. > :36:08.she and her husband worked through the problems

:36:09. > :36:10.in their marriage and have now been And Natasha Brittan,

:36:11. > :36:13.she got divorced and thinks it was the best decision

:36:14. > :36:21.for her and her ex-husband. Thank you for coming on the

:36:22. > :36:26.programme. A scourge of society, you have been saying this for a few

:36:27. > :36:31.years. Why is it so damaging, in your opinion? Let's start with the

:36:32. > :36:34.cost. ?47 billion is no small amount of money for the country to be

:36:35. > :36:40.spending on this appalling problem. We don't face up to it. One of the

:36:41. > :36:43.things that Marriage Foundation is about is keeping this serious

:36:44. > :36:48.problem at the top of the agenda. It is painful, people do not like to

:36:49. > :36:54.talk about it, it's fascinating, the anecdotal stuff, but it is anecdote.

:36:55. > :36:56.If you want an anecdote, get into a taxi with me and come down to the

:36:57. > :37:00.Royal Courts of Justice. You can stand outside one of the 100 courts

:37:01. > :37:05.in London and listen to anecdotes all day long. Let's concentrate on

:37:06. > :37:11.the data. The data is overwhelming. Family breakdown had a devastating

:37:12. > :37:15.effect on children. By every measure of success, they do worse than

:37:16. > :37:21.children from unbroken families. Children want, again, whenever you

:37:22. > :37:24.look at the data, the children want parents to stay together, even when

:37:25. > :37:32.there are quite high levels of conflict. Anecdote, always, the

:37:33. > :37:36.wonderful thing about this subject is that everybody has a view on it.

:37:37. > :37:42.Everybody has experience of family breakdown. You will not stop some

:37:43. > :37:49.parents divorcing? You will not. Whatever the evidence suggests.

:37:50. > :37:52.There are a number of cases, I have not sat in the courts for 40 years

:37:53. > :37:56.without knowing that there are some cases where it is just as well the

:37:57. > :38:02.parties separate. But there are two factors which I think are, to me,

:38:03. > :38:08.absolutely clear. One is that, by and large, a significant portion of

:38:09. > :38:13.people who separate wish they had not, five years down the line.

:38:14. > :38:17.Secondly, and this is absolutely key, the reason we have this huge

:38:18. > :38:22.upsurge in divorce since the 80s is the huge upsurge in unmarried

:38:23. > :38:28.relationships producing children. Whether you like the date or not,

:38:29. > :38:31.the fact is that marriage provides a very great deal of extra security to

:38:32. > :38:36.a relationship, at a time of great stress, which is bringing up

:38:37. > :38:42.children. Not in your case? Your children were nine and 11 when your

:38:43. > :38:47.husband and yourself divorced. If we accept it is going to happen,

:38:48. > :38:50.regardless of what the data suggests, you try to make it a

:38:51. > :38:56.civilised and pain-free as possible. It can be done? It can be done. How

:38:57. > :39:02.did you do it? Fundamentally, we cut our egos out of the whole process

:39:03. > :39:06.and just thought, we were done with arguing and fighting, let's just

:39:07. > :39:13.make our divorce a project where we can, and it sounds very functional,

:39:14. > :39:17.we can just do it for the good of ourselves, our divorce does not

:39:18. > :39:22.define the rest of our lives. For our children, really importantly,

:39:23. > :39:31.for our parents, and for our friends and family. As Sir Paul said, the

:39:32. > :39:36.ripple effect for society from the divorce, we thought, we can fight or

:39:37. > :39:41.we can do this responsibly, as adults, and just be kind to each

:39:42. > :39:44.other, mindful of the rest of our lives. With our new partners,

:39:45. > :39:52.without children involved, our new partners. It took some work. It was

:39:53. > :39:56.not a walk in the park. We had counselling, we thought, we are done

:39:57. > :40:01.with arguing, let's just try and move on, kindly. Vyvyan, your story

:40:02. > :40:04.is extraordinary, 25 years of marriage, then you separate, seven

:40:05. > :40:12.years later you get back together and you have just celebrated your

:40:13. > :40:18.40th wedding anniversary? Nearly 42. How did you do it? Well, I am so

:40:19. > :40:23.special, says my husband! I agree with Natasha. You said you are

:40:24. > :40:27.getting tired of arguing. It is the letting go. In retrospect, when I

:40:28. > :40:35.think about everything we went through, I think there was, and the

:40:36. > :40:41.man in your film, he said, in retrospect, yes, you have to let go.

:40:42. > :40:50.You have to take responsibility for your part in it. Definitely.

:40:51. > :40:53.Whatever has happened, generally speaking, it takes two to tango. Let

:40:54. > :40:57.go of that, forget the entrenched speaking, it takes two to tango. Let

:40:58. > :41:00.feelings and the blame? Say, we have been married a long

:41:01. > :41:07.feelings and the blame? Say, we have each other originally, we

:41:08. > :41:08.feelings and the blame? Say, we have the 25 years previously. So much of

:41:09. > :41:21.it the 25 years previously. So much of

:41:22. > :41:32.experience life if I go around the 25 years previously. So much of

:41:33. > :41:36.pass. Sitting down, taking responsibility, sitting down and

:41:37. > :41:41.discussing it like adults. Can I ask you both what you think of Sir

:41:42. > :41:44.Paul's call that family breakdown should be treated by the Government

:41:45. > :41:50.as a public health issue, as damaging as smoking or obesity? Does

:41:51. > :42:00.that make any difference? Pardon the pun, I think it is quite judgmental.

:42:01. > :42:06.Bad things happen in life. A degree of acceptance, I think if we start

:42:07. > :42:11.looking towards divorce, it is something that happens in society.

:42:12. > :42:18.To be positive, to support people, to give people information, for

:42:19. > :42:20.people to be kinder. There is an enormous degree of shame, guilt,

:42:21. > :42:31.anger, pain. Judgment, as well. enormous degree of shame, guilt,

:42:32. > :42:35.you being too judgmental? I hope not, that is not what we are about

:42:36. > :42:38.at all. We are about the public health point. Let us not forget the

:42:39. > :42:42.basic statistic, half of children health point. Let us not forget the

:42:43. > :42:46.aged 15 in this country, half the children aged 15 in this country,

:42:47. > :42:50.will have experienced family breakdown and will not be living

:42:51. > :42:56.with both of their birth parents. I don't think you can dismiss that as

:42:57. > :42:59.it's just being in a way that we are now and we have to put up with it.

:43:00. > :43:09.No, we haven't. We have had to understand the scale of the problem.

:43:10. > :43:14.Two, we have to understand how to make things better and invest time

:43:15. > :43:31.and money in it. Let's bring you this news, to do with the Deepcut

:43:32. > :43:36.inquest. The father of the soldier who died 20 years ago is to give

:43:37. > :43:40.evidence. Lawyers for the family of Private Cheryl James, one of the

:43:41. > :43:46.young soldiers who died at deep Deepcut has said evidence shows that

:43:47. > :43:54.the bullet which killed her may not have been self-inflicted. Tomorrow,

:43:55. > :43:58.we will look at fracking and tell you about why you should care about

:43:59. > :44:00.if planning permission in Lancashire is given the go-ahead. Have a good

:44:01. > :44:02.day.