01/04/2016

:00:07. > :00:13.Welcome to the programme. Our top story.

:00:14. > :00:17.More than a million workers get a pay rise today,

:00:18. > :00:22.as the National Living Wage takes effect.

:00:23. > :00:25.But it's predicted jobs will be lost if companies struggle to pay

:00:26. > :00:29.Also ahead, Business Secretary Sajid Javid prepares to meet Port Talbot

:00:30. > :00:30.steelworkers following criticism over his absence in Australia

:00:31. > :00:32.since the Tata sell-off hit the industry.

:00:33. > :00:35.Workers tell us they want the government to step in.

:00:36. > :00:38.And the viola player who says his hearing is irreversibly

:00:39. > :00:41.damaged because he had to sit too close to his

:00:42. > :00:49.I've been a professional musician since I went to music college.

:00:50. > :00:54.So since I was 17, for the last quarter of a century,

:00:55. > :01:10.music was my income and my everything really.

:01:11. > :01:11.Hello. Welcome to the programme.

:01:12. > :01:17.We'll keep you across the latest breaking and developing stories.

:01:18. > :01:24.Also ahead, from today, the NHS is being told it must get

:01:25. > :01:26.better at investigating and learning from its mistakes.

:01:27. > :01:27.A new investigations board will ensure errors

:01:28. > :01:34.We'll speak to one mum whose son died and tells us the medical

:01:35. > :01:37.profession needs to be less defensive when things go wrong.

:01:38. > :01:39.Please feel free to get in touch whenever you'd like.

:01:40. > :01:41.Use the hashtag #VictoriaLIVE and if you text,

:01:42. > :01:43.you will be charged at the standard network rate.

:01:44. > :01:48.You can watch the programme online wherever

:01:49. > :01:51.you are - via the BBC News app or our website bbc.co.uk/victoria.

:01:52. > :01:56.More than a million workers will receive

:01:57. > :01:59.a pay rise, as the new National Living Wage comes into force.

:02:00. > :02:03.It will mean that employers will have to pay all workers aged 25

:02:04. > :02:06.or over at least ?7.20 an hour and is expected to give 1.3 million

:02:07. > :02:14.Unions have welcomed the new hourly rate, but business groups have

:02:15. > :02:17.warned that some firms may have to cut jobs as a result

:02:18. > :02:21.Let's go over to York and speak to our business correspondent Ben

:02:22. > :02:33.What is the feeling thereabouts it? Good morning. We are in York because

:02:34. > :02:36.this is one of the industries, the hospitality industry, that will feel

:02:37. > :02:40.the increased more than most. It will be things like hospitality,

:02:41. > :02:45.health care, retail and social work you will see a rise in wages of 50p

:02:46. > :02:49.per hour to ?7.20. Some of the workers here will get a payday that

:02:50. > :02:54.equates to about ?1000 extra over the course of the year. Welcome news

:02:55. > :02:57.for them but the big issue is what it could cost business. This hotel

:02:58. > :03:01.has just undergone refurbishment but they have said they may have do have

:03:02. > :03:06.put off how long that will last before they refurbish again if they

:03:07. > :03:09.are taking on extra costs associated with paying the staff more. The

:03:10. > :03:13.other option is whether they pass the extra cost on to customers, the

:03:14. > :03:16.people staying in the hotel but whether they would be prepared to

:03:17. > :03:21.pay more money every night for their room as a result of higher prices

:03:22. > :03:24.for its staff. Crucially, today, it's also worth remembering that

:03:25. > :03:29.this increased only applies to workers over the age of 25. If you

:03:30. > :03:35.are under 25, you will still get the national minimum wage, not the new

:03:36. > :03:40.National Living Wage. That is set at ?7.20 per hour from today. A big

:03:41. > :03:44.increase across-the-board but there are also fears that it could lead to

:03:45. > :03:48.fewer jobs in the economy as well. Some estimates show that workers and

:03:49. > :03:52.firms will put off hiring workers, about 60,000 fewer jobs in the

:03:53. > :03:56.economy as a result of the increased burden on business. Big questions

:03:57. > :03:59.about the impact on business but at the same time, welcome news for

:04:00. > :04:02.workers in some industries and some professions that say they have not

:04:03. > :04:04.been paid enough up until now. The government says this is a payday

:04:05. > :04:07.which is long overdue. Thanks, Ben. Later in the programme,

:04:08. > :04:09.we'll hear from people We'll also hear from businesses,

:04:10. > :04:13.some of whom say it could force them Is it affecting you? Let us know

:04:14. > :04:19.what you think on social media. Keeping us across the rest

:04:20. > :04:22.of the day's news is Maxine. She's in the BBC Newsroom

:04:23. > :04:24.with a round-up of what else The Business Secretary,

:04:25. > :04:28.Sajid Javid today visits the threatened Port Talbot

:04:29. > :04:30.steel works today - and is expected to meet some

:04:31. > :04:32.of the workers who fear He's expected to tell them

:04:33. > :04:36.that the government will use all official and diplomatic levers

:04:37. > :04:38.to secure the future the threatened Port Talbot

:04:39. > :04:44.steel works today - The Indian-owned Tata group has

:04:45. > :04:47.announced its All ready to sell off the loss-making business,

:04:48. > :04:49.which employs nearly 15,000 Let's got more on this

:04:50. > :04:52.from our political correspondent Chris Mason, who's in our

:04:53. > :05:03.Westminster studio. is this what they want to hear up

:05:04. > :05:08.their in Port Talbot? Are they going to believe what they are told, given

:05:09. > :05:12.what has happened so far? I think they will be glad the Business

:05:13. > :05:15.Secretary has finally rolled up in south Wales, swapping New South

:05:16. > :05:18.Wales. Wales, given that he's been away in Australia for the last

:05:19. > :05:23.couple of days and facing quite a bit of political heat as a result.

:05:24. > :05:28.We are told by Sajid Javid's team that he will make as positive a case

:05:29. > :05:33.as he can about the future of steel-making in the UK. But the

:05:34. > :05:36.language from the government has been pretty cautious in the last

:05:37. > :05:39.couple of days. I think a recognition that there is a limited

:05:40. > :05:45.amount at this stage that they can do. An increasing amount of heat

:05:46. > :05:49.about what, in the view of some, they have not done, particularly

:05:50. > :05:52.around the issue of what is known as Paris, suggesting there's a huge

:05:53. > :05:56.amount of steel floating around at the moment from China which has

:05:57. > :06:00.driven down the world price and the UK, in the view of some, could have

:06:01. > :06:04.done more to effectively put a greater price tag on that Chinese

:06:05. > :06:07.steel by imposing tariffs. The government has argued in the past

:06:08. > :06:14.that to do that would have bumped up the price of steel for consumers,

:06:15. > :06:17.for buyers of the product. I suspect that question about government

:06:18. > :06:22.action or inaction on tariffs will follow Sajid Javid to south Wales

:06:23. > :06:26.today. How politically difficult is this, do you think? It's very, very

:06:27. > :06:29.awkward for the government. On the one hand, as conservatives, the

:06:30. > :06:33.instinct of many in the government is do not intervene in a big way in

:06:34. > :06:36.the free market, to allow free enterprise to succeed or fail,

:06:37. > :06:43.depending on whether or not they can make a profit in the market. And

:06:44. > :06:45.yet, we have seen some conservatives make the argument that perhaps

:06:46. > :06:48.nationalisation, buying these plants back would be a good idea. The Prime

:06:49. > :06:52.Minister seems to have ruled this out. So what can the government do

:06:53. > :06:56.without racking up a huge bill for the taxpayer? That is the big

:06:57. > :07:00.question. Can they offer some support for the pension liabilities

:07:01. > :07:03.of the firm, for instance? Or some kind of financial support in the

:07:04. > :07:07.short term to keep the plants open until a buyer can be found? But can

:07:08. > :07:11.a buyer be found when the existing owners, Tata Steel acknowledged that

:07:12. > :07:15.they are losing millions of pounds a week keeping the plant open? It is

:07:16. > :07:18.very difficult. Thank you for joining us. Chris Maize on, there.

:07:19. > :07:20.-- Chris Mason. There are now more adults

:07:21. > :07:23.in the world who are obese, than those who are classed

:07:24. > :07:25.as underweight, according Hundreds of scientists,

:07:26. > :07:29.led by a team at Imperial College London, warn that if the current

:07:30. > :07:31.trend continues, one fifth of the world will be obese

:07:32. > :07:34.in ten years' time. Here's our health

:07:35. > :07:35.correspondent Jane Dreaper. Our world is changing,

:07:36. > :07:37.and getting bigger. This research points out

:07:38. > :07:41.that four decades ago, being underweight was a far

:07:42. > :07:44.more common problem But now, more adults worldwide

:07:45. > :07:50.are obese than underweight. The scientists looked at data

:07:51. > :07:53.on height and weight from almost They found obesity in men

:07:54. > :08:00.has tripled since 1975, to more than 10% of them now,

:08:01. > :08:03.and it has more than doubled The US has the highest number

:08:04. > :08:10.of severely obese adults, more than 39 million, and women

:08:11. > :08:13.in the UK have the third-highest There is a global target that

:08:14. > :08:19.countries have agreed to, to actually stop the rise

:08:20. > :08:21.in obesity compared to 2010. We are not nearly

:08:22. > :08:23.on track to get there. But we hope that its existence

:08:24. > :08:29.actually modulates the sort of policies around food,

:08:30. > :08:32.that will help get closer. The authors want governments to make

:08:33. > :08:37.fruit and veg more affordable, and to tax sugar and

:08:38. > :08:40.highly processed foods. They say the problem of obesity

:08:41. > :08:43.is too significant to be tackled by giving people medication

:08:44. > :08:50.or building bike lanes. Hundreds more armed police officers

:08:51. > :08:54.will be stationed across the country poised to deal with

:08:55. > :08:56.a Paris-style terror attack. Police forces

:08:57. > :08:58.across England and Wales have begun recruiting an extra

:08:59. > :09:02.1,500 firearms officers. There's also to be an increase

:09:03. > :09:04.in the number of high-speed Most of the officers will be trained

:09:05. > :09:08.and equipped within Greater Manchester becomes the first

:09:09. > :09:14.English region to take responsibility for running its own

:09:15. > :09:17.health services today. Nearly 40 organisations are joining

:09:18. > :09:20.forces to take control Could this be the

:09:21. > :09:31.future of healthcare in Greater Manchester,

:09:32. > :09:33.targeting prevention This boxing gym in a

:09:34. > :09:40.deprived part of south Manchester trains youngsters to keep

:09:41. > :09:45.fit, focused and disciplined. Learn about the eating,

:09:46. > :09:48.and trying to be a sportsman instead And it sets them up

:09:49. > :09:57.on the right path for life, This is about better co-ordination

:09:58. > :10:01.between health and social care. Council leaders and NHS

:10:02. > :10:02.managers will pool budgets If one part of the system

:10:03. > :10:10.is not doing its bit, and because of that

:10:11. > :10:12.there's a knock-on effect elsewhere, previously

:10:13. > :10:15.there was no easy mechanism for knocking heads

:10:16. > :10:19.together and saying, "Look, you're letting

:10:20. > :10:22.the side down". That will change,

:10:23. > :10:23.that has to change. Some MPs are worried there is not

:10:24. > :10:30.enough cash or transparency. This system is incredibly complex,

:10:31. > :10:35.and if the point of devolving power was to give the people

:10:36. > :10:37.of Greater Manchester more control over the decisions that

:10:38. > :10:39.affect their lives, it's clear to me that we have

:10:40. > :10:42.a very, very long way to go Don't mistake this for some kind

:10:43. > :10:47.of NHS reorganisation. It is a radical attempt

:10:48. > :10:52.to transform people's health. But it is a political gamble,

:10:53. > :10:55.with huge implications for the rest A new rate of stamp duty for people

:10:56. > :11:04.investing in buy-to-let property and second homes comes

:11:05. > :11:05.into force today. Estate agents

:11:06. > :11:07.and solicitors reported a last-minute rush to complete

:11:08. > :11:10.property deals before the 3% increase came into

:11:11. > :11:14.effect at midnight. Police in the Indian city of Kolkata

:11:15. > :11:17.say at least 24 people are now known to have been killed when a partially

:11:18. > :11:21.built flyover collapsed. At least 100 people

:11:22. > :11:29.were injured in the collapse. The flyover came down

:11:30. > :11:32.into Kolkata's most densely Rescuers have been clearing

:11:33. > :11:36.the wreckage since yesterday. Our South Asia Correspondent

:11:37. > :11:38.has more from there. There is a huge amount

:11:39. > :11:40.of anger building here. Questions about

:11:41. > :11:43.whether it cut corners. It's now been revealed

:11:44. > :11:45.a number of Indian states had blacklisted

:11:46. > :11:47.the company that was building I have to say it's very

:11:48. > :11:51.noisy at the moment. As you can probably see,

:11:52. > :11:54.they're still clearing these huge lumps of concrete and twisted

:11:55. > :11:57.steel that collapsed down As I was saying, huge

:11:58. > :12:08.amounts of anger here, directed at the company which it's

:12:09. > :12:11.believed may have used Also at the local

:12:12. > :12:14.politicians who were urging the company to finish this

:12:15. > :12:16.much-delayed project. State elections are

:12:17. > :12:18.due in just a couple of days and this has become

:12:19. > :12:21.a huge political issue, not just in Kolkata,

:12:22. > :12:26.but across India. What we are seeing here

:12:27. > :12:28.is the last efforts to clear the rubble

:12:29. > :12:31.and debris from the site. You can probably see

:12:32. > :12:35.in front of me here, there is a large lorry

:12:36. > :12:37.and behind it is a digger Perhaps you can see

:12:38. > :12:40.it moving behind me? There is a digger clearing

:12:41. > :12:43.the last mounds of debris. In fact, within the last three

:12:44. > :12:46.hours, a body was pulled from the rubble,

:12:47. > :12:48.but the official line from the rescuers here is,

:12:49. > :12:50.they're not expecting to find I have to say, looking at how much

:12:51. > :12:56.of the debris that's been cleared from this site,

:12:57. > :12:58.it does seem unlikely any more But it is a scene

:12:59. > :13:03.of real devastation. On either side of the roads running

:13:04. > :13:07.up to this crossroads, the wreckage of rickshaws, burnt-out

:13:08. > :13:10.motorcycles, discarded belongings. A renowned viola player is suing

:13:11. > :13:18.the Royal Opera House in London for ruining his hearing

:13:19. > :13:22.and his career. Chris Goldsheider

:13:23. > :13:23.says his hearing was destroyed by brass instruments placed

:13:24. > :13:27.immediately behind him during rehearsals,

:13:28. > :13:30.when he was a member of orchestra The Musician's Union says hearing

:13:31. > :13:36.damage is a major problem The Royal Opera House

:13:37. > :13:40.denies it is responsible. And we'll be hearing

:13:41. > :13:42.from Chris Goldsheider, Debbie Harry, Michael Stipe,

:13:43. > :13:49.Cyndi Lauper and The Pixies are among the musicians who have

:13:50. > :13:51.been honouring David Bowie Originally organised

:13:52. > :13:58.as a retrospective, it become a memorial event after the singer's

:13:59. > :14:02.death from cancer in January. Organisers say they were overwhelmed

:14:03. > :14:05.by requests from performers keen to take part, and had

:14:06. > :14:12.to turn some down. That is the latest news. We will

:14:13. > :14:18.have more from you at 9:30am. Coming up in a moment -

:14:19. > :14:21.the Business Secretary Sajid Javid is set to meet Port Talbot

:14:22. > :14:24.steelworkers later today, and we'll hear from Tata workers

:14:25. > :14:27.who are heading into a uncertain future and say closure

:14:28. > :14:29.will be a disaster. Do get in touch with us

:14:30. > :14:34.throughout the morning - use the hashtag #VictoriaLIVE

:14:35. > :14:36.and If you text, you will be charged

:14:37. > :14:46.at the standard network rate. Let's catch up with the sport. We

:14:47. > :14:49.have some news on the Boxer Nick Blackwell. What can you tell us?

:14:50. > :14:56.It seems like some great news coming out of this story.

:14:57. > :15:12.We have some news on the boxer Nick Blackwell.

:15:13. > :15:17.He suffered a small bleed on the brain but hasn't required

:15:18. > :15:19.However, he won't be allowed to box again.

:15:20. > :15:22.It's been just a couple of weeks since Olympic cycling champion

:15:23. > :15:25.Victoria Pendleton swapped a bike for a horse on the biggest stage

:15:26. > :15:27.and fulfilled her ambition to compete at the Cheltenham

:15:28. > :15:32.Now her GB teammate Sir Chris Hoy is to race in one of motor sport's

:15:33. > :15:36.Sir Chris will live a childhood dream when he races in the Le Mans

:15:37. > :15:38.24 hour race in June - part of motor sport's

:15:39. > :15:42.It's not something I ever thought I'd get a chance to do.

:15:43. > :15:45.I think you dream of racing cars as a small boy,

:15:46. > :15:47.but you never think you're going to get the opportunity.

:15:48. > :15:53.And to think I will be starting on the grid at the same time as some

:15:54. > :15:55.of the world's best drivers on a legendary track,

:15:56. > :15:56.it's just an incredibly exciting opportunity.

:15:57. > :16:02.First practice gets underway at lunchtime for this weekend's

:16:03. > :16:04.Bahrain Grand Prix, but two-time F1 world champion,

:16:05. > :16:05.Fernando Alonso, won't be taking part.

:16:06. > :16:09.He's been ruled out of the race having not fully recovered from rib

:16:10. > :16:11.fractures and a partially collapsed lung after his high-speed crash

:16:12. > :16:13.at the Australian Grand Prix two weeks ago.

:16:14. > :16:16.West Indies will be represented at both the men's and women's

:16:17. > :16:21.That's after the men completed a seven-wicket win over

:16:22. > :16:26.The win sees them face England in Sunday's final in Kolkata

:16:27. > :16:39.England will certainly be aware it's not a one-man show in this team.

:16:40. > :16:46.Chris Gayle did not get off tonight but we managed to get over the line

:16:47. > :16:49.with a big total. He did not perform, but we were still able to

:16:50. > :16:52.put up a fight and that shows a lot of character from our players.

:16:53. > :16:54.Britain's Penny Coomes and Nick Buckland have claimed

:16:55. > :16:56.a career-best finish at the World Figure Skating

:16:57. > :17:00.The pair were making a comeback after illness forced them to miss

:17:01. > :17:01.last year's World and European championships, coming

:17:02. > :17:05.France's Gabriella Papadakis and Guillaume Cizeron clinched

:17:06. > :17:14.And British eventer William Fox-Pitt will return to competition this

:17:15. > :17:17.weekend, six months after suffering a head trauma in a serious accident.

:17:18. > :17:19.The three-time Olympic medallist has been out of action

:17:20. > :17:21.since being placed in an induced coma after falling at

:17:22. > :17:24.the World Young Horse Championships in October.

:17:25. > :17:26.He's entered the Burnham Market International Horse Trials,

:17:27. > :17:33.We'll be talking to the man himself at 10.30.

:17:34. > :17:40.I'll be back with the headlines at 9:30.

:17:41. > :17:43.It's been an uncertain week for thousands of steel workers

:17:44. > :17:45.at plants across the country, as Tata Steel announced

:17:46. > :17:49.If no buyer is found, the plants could be forced to close,

:17:50. > :18:02.We make a top quality product with a very highly skilled workforce who

:18:03. > :18:06.are second to none and they need to hear that we have a future for this

:18:07. > :18:11.plant. Somebody needs to come down here to see Mr Cameron himself. But

:18:12. > :18:13.I cannot see that happening. Somebody needs to come. The steel

:18:14. > :18:18.industry is more important. Business secretary Savid Javid

:18:19. > :18:19.visits the threatened Port Talbot site in south Wales

:18:20. > :18:22.today, after cutting short The government has been criticised

:18:23. > :18:35.for not intervening sooner. They need to start looking at

:18:36. > :18:39.stopping the Chinese completely. They are at least raising tariffs to

:18:40. > :18:43.the point of what they had in the USA, for argument's sake. They are

:18:44. > :18:48.not hanging about. They stepped in and protected the industry

:18:49. > :18:55.straightaway. We need to not be punished for the business rates that

:18:56. > :19:00.they put on us. We built a ?200 million new blast furnace in Port

:19:01. > :19:04.Talbot but we get taxed beyond belief for it. You do not punish

:19:05. > :19:08.people that bring in investment, you give them a fair crack at the whip

:19:09. > :19:09.and a chance of delivering something.

:19:10. > :19:11.The government insists it's doing everything

:19:12. > :19:14.possible to rescue the British steel industry, as it struggles with high

:19:15. > :19:17.energy prices and trying to compete against a flood of cheap

:19:18. > :19:28.We want to help to find a sustainable solution that will

:19:29. > :19:34.support the steel-making communities in the UK, but to be sustainable, it

:19:35. > :19:40.has to be a solution that recognises the contexts and the reality of a

:19:41. > :19:46.world which is drowning in an oversupply of steel. And we cannot

:19:47. > :19:49.simply ignore that, just continuing to produce steel of which there is

:19:50. > :19:55.not adequate demand is not the answer. It has to be a more nuanced

:19:56. > :19:59.solution that focuses on supporting the communities who are most

:20:00. > :20:04.affected by this oversupply in the market.

:20:05. > :20:07.Let's speak now to Scott Bamsey, one of the workers at the Tata Plant

:20:08. > :20:14.Also joining us is Tony Ellor who was made redundant when the van

:20:15. > :20:16.manufacturer he worked for collapsed in 2009.

:20:17. > :20:24.And he can tell us how his life has changed since. Scott, you were one

:20:25. > :20:30.of the workers at Port Talbot, and it is something that family members

:20:31. > :20:37.have done before you. Tell us, what is working there meant for you and

:20:38. > :20:39.your family? Good morning. I am a fourth-generation steelworker. I

:20:40. > :20:44.have a young family who rely on me. My brother and children work there,

:20:45. > :20:50.and my father and my great-grandfather. Even my

:20:51. > :20:52.great-grandfather. My whole family have earned good money from the

:20:53. > :20:56.steelworks over the years and we want the opportunity to continue to

:20:57. > :21:00.do so because it is all we know. Is it fair to say that it is a way of

:21:01. > :21:07.life for you as much as a job? Very much so. It is a way of life for

:21:08. > :21:12.myself, but it is not an unfamiliar story. Most people import all but

:21:13. > :21:15.have worked there, either directly or indirectly with family members

:21:16. > :21:22.working in the steelworks. The town is built on steel. If we lose our

:21:23. > :21:29.steelworks, I think we will lose Port Talbot as a town. It will

:21:30. > :21:32.become a ghost town. So how do you feel right now, with all of this

:21:33. > :21:38.uncertainty? Presumably everybody around you feels as vulnerable as

:21:39. > :21:44.you do. It is not a good time for myself and my family and colleagues.

:21:45. > :21:48.It is such an uncertain time. It is like a dark cloud hanging over our

:21:49. > :21:52.heads. We're just praying that we can get through this tough time. We

:21:53. > :22:00.need the government to step in and act. It is time to step up and save

:22:01. > :22:06.steel. If they give us money to keep us going, or time, that is all we

:22:07. > :22:11.need, time to find a buyer. Tata steel want to take us forward, to

:22:12. > :22:17.find a buyer. That is all we are asking for. Chris, you have worked

:22:18. > :22:24.for more than 21 years at the Tata plant in Rotherham. Is it the same

:22:25. > :22:35.for you? Is it a family concern? Exactly. I am third generation down

:22:36. > :22:41.at Rotherham. 21 years. To echo what has been said, if we lose that site,

:22:42. > :22:47.Rotherham will become a ghost town. We have just gone through a

:22:48. > :22:52.restructuring and I lost a lot of friends yesterday, who have gone

:22:53. > :22:56.down the road, and we just thought we were trying to build up again, to

:22:57. > :23:04.get a sustainable industry, and then we get the rug pulled over us. With

:23:05. > :23:07.the future so uncertain, are you thinking potentially about a change

:23:08. > :23:10.in your future or are you just really having to wait and see what

:23:11. > :23:21.happens at whether the plans can be saved? I am not painting a black

:23:22. > :23:25.picture yet. -- whether the plant. I'm hoping the government to support

:23:26. > :23:29.us. We need help and we want a level playing field to prove that we are

:23:30. > :23:35.the best, because we have got the best steel across the UK. And that

:23:36. > :23:41.is all we want. A level playing field, so we can compete. What would

:23:42. > :23:46.give you that? What do you want the government to do? A tariff would be

:23:47. > :23:53.a start. Business rates would help. And the energy costs. At Rotherham,

:23:54. > :24:02.it is recyclable steel, 100% recyclable. But we pay more green

:24:03. > :24:10.taxes than anybody. Tony, you went through what Scott and Chris went

:24:11. > :24:14.through now many years ago, when like them it was effectively the

:24:15. > :24:21.only job you had ever known. Tell us how you got through at. -- got

:24:22. > :24:28.through it. As a former van maker, at first the shock hits you and you

:24:29. > :24:35.are devastated. It takes time. It took me 18 months to get my feet

:24:36. > :24:40.back up and running. I am now working as a health care assistant

:24:41. > :24:44.in the NHS. I have just been promoted to ward housekeeper after

:24:45. > :24:46.working for six years in the NHS. And presumably the work you are

:24:47. > :24:52.doing now is something that you said we could not have envisaged before

:24:53. > :24:58.your life unfolded in the way that it did. Absolutely. I have gone from

:24:59. > :25:02.being an engineer to a health care assistant. It is totally different.

:25:03. > :25:07.What took you down that path? Were you given support when the business

:25:08. > :25:12.went under? When the business went under, we were given no support

:25:13. > :25:16.whatsoever. After six months you are classed as long-term unemployed and

:25:17. > :25:19.you get more help than when you are unemployed. Scott, you are shaking

:25:20. > :25:26.your head as you were listening. What do you think? For me, there are

:25:27. > :25:31.no jobs around here. I have not given up hope that we can save the

:25:32. > :25:35.steelworks and keep going. I don't know what I would do. I came here

:25:36. > :25:38.straight from school and I have not given a second thought of doing

:25:39. > :25:43.anything else. I don't know what I would do. I can't imagine it.

:25:44. > :25:49.Everyone else is in the same boat, people in their 40s or 50s, that is

:25:50. > :25:55.all they have ever done. Retraining, it is great to hear nice stories

:25:56. > :25:59.like that, but I cannot see it being the case in Port Talbot. There are

:26:00. > :26:08.so many people. Chris, you are nodding your head. Yes, you can

:26:09. > :26:11.applaud moving on, but you dread to think, if we lost the steel

:26:12. > :26:20.industry, we need a sustainable steel industry, and each area, Port

:26:21. > :26:27.Talbot, Shotton, Teesside, Scunthorpe, you name it, they will

:26:28. > :26:34.all become ghost towns and we cannot have that. For everyone

:26:35. > :26:43.steelworker's job, or four other jobs tied in. It would be

:26:44. > :26:47.devastating. -- there are four other jobs tied in. There is a big issue

:26:48. > :26:51.with the steel industry and so many people being caught up with this,

:26:52. > :26:53.not knowing what the future might be but in the end, individual

:26:54. > :26:57.self-preservation has to come through and that is what you found.

:26:58. > :27:02.When you hear Scott and Chris saying they cannot imagine another life,

:27:03. > :27:08.what do you say for them? -- say to them? I can see where they are

:27:09. > :27:12.coming from. You are blinkered and you do not see any way out, but

:27:13. > :27:17.there is help for you after six months. I got my confidence built

:27:18. > :27:21.back-up. Your confidence takes a shot. You are sending out CDs to

:27:22. > :27:24.companies, left right and centre, and you are getting no return back

:27:25. > :27:30.whatsoever. Your confidence hits rock bottom. And what was the best

:27:31. > :27:34.way for you in coming up through that? What is the best thing that

:27:35. > :27:38.you would pass on to anyone that finds themselves feeling like that?

:27:39. > :27:44.Don't give up. There are people out there willing to help you. Make sure

:27:45. > :27:50.you do everything you can go to the agencies and get the agencies help

:27:51. > :27:54.you. Scott, the situation is not resolved for Port Talbot and all of

:27:55. > :28:00.the other Tata plans. It has yet to be seen how it unfolds but do you

:28:01. > :28:05.take heart from what Tony is signal. It is good to hear good stories but

:28:06. > :28:11.not for me, because there are no jobs here. -- take heart from what

:28:12. > :28:15.Tony is saying? There is no work here as it is so for me, it is vital

:28:16. > :28:21.that we keep the steelworks going. Is there anything in the way of help

:28:22. > :28:24.being offered to you at the moment, and support? Is anyone talking in

:28:25. > :28:34.that way or at the moment is the focus on how to protect the plants

:28:35. > :28:37.there? Our focus is on keeping the steelworks going and I know the

:28:38. > :28:41.other plants are feeling the same way. It is too early to start

:28:42. > :28:44.talking about looking for work elsewhere. We are still fighting to

:28:45. > :28:49.keep the steelworks going and I think we will get there. We need

:28:50. > :28:52.government help, business rates, energy costs, tariffs on Chinese

:28:53. > :28:56.steel. The fight is not over and I think we will save the steel

:28:57. > :29:02.industry in this country. Failure is not an option. Do you feel

:29:03. > :29:06.particularly angry at anyone aspect of the way this has been handled?

:29:07. > :29:13.Are there things that could have been done differently? My anger is

:29:14. > :29:17.mainly with the government. I cannot knock Tata Deal. They have been a

:29:18. > :29:26.great employer and they have stuck with us through probably the worst

:29:27. > :29:29.recession in history. -- Tata Steel. I cannot knock Tata Steel, but I

:29:30. > :29:35.will knock the government. If they had helped us before, perhaps this

:29:36. > :29:40.could have been avoided. If they had helped us with tariffs on Chinese

:29:41. > :29:46.steel, energy costs, and it was only a month ago that Mr chivvied was

:29:47. > :29:50.trying to block plans for tariffs, and the government have not helped

:29:51. > :29:58.us at all. -- Mr Javid. When they say they want to help us, they are

:29:59. > :30:04.flat-out lying. If you got to speak to Mr Javid directly, what would you

:30:05. > :30:07.say? It is probably too late. He should've gone to India to fight our

:30:08. > :30:12.cause but he would rather go to Australia with daughter. If I saw

:30:13. > :30:17.him today, I would asking the question, what exactly are you doing

:30:18. > :30:21.to help us? Thank you very much, Scott, Chris and Tony. And we are

:30:22. > :30:25.hoping to hear from George Osborne on this a little later. We will

:30:26. > :30:30.bring you that when we get it. You have been getting in touch on this

:30:31. > :30:35.as well. A tweet from Bernie, saying: At times, it is worth

:30:36. > :30:44.subsidising the community to keep it going. Why be reliant on other

:30:45. > :30:49.countries, says one viewer. And Lee says, Tata has not made money in

:30:50. > :30:52.years, and the owners should sell. An e-mail from Carolyn poor can

:30:53. > :30:56.anyone explain why the government was happy to bail out that banks,

:30:57. > :30:59.but why will they not bail out the steel industry? Thank you for your

:31:00. > :31:03.thoughts and keep them coming. Coming up...

:31:04. > :31:06.The way the NHS investigates errors in patient care is changing,

:31:07. > :31:09.but will it be enough to change a culture where problems have

:31:10. > :31:13.And we'll hear from the top musician who says the noise

:31:14. > :31:24.at London's Royal Opera house has ruined his hearing and his career.

:31:25. > :31:27.Maxine is in the BBC Newsroom and has a summary of the rest

:31:28. > :31:36.More than a million workers will receive

:31:37. > :31:39.a pay rise today as the new National Living Wage comes into force.

:31:40. > :31:42.It will mean that employers will have to pay all workers aged 25

:31:43. > :31:46.or over at least ?7.20 an hour and is expected to give 1.3 million

:31:47. > :31:50.Unions have welcomed the new hourly rate, but business groups have

:31:51. > :31:52.warned that some firms may have to cut jobs as a result

:31:53. > :31:58.The Business Secretary, Sajid Javid visits the threatened

:31:59. > :32:01.Port Talbot steel works today - and is expected to meet some

:32:02. > :32:03.of the workers who fear for their jobs.

:32:04. > :32:06.He's expected to tell them that the government will use

:32:07. > :32:08.all official and diplomatic levers to secure the future

:32:09. > :32:12.The Indian-owned Tata group has announced its ready to sell off

:32:13. > :32:13.the loss-making business, which employs nearly 15,000

:32:14. > :32:32.Scott has worked at Tata Steel for many years and he's concerned the

:32:33. > :32:38.future. Port Talbot is built on steel, Port

:32:39. > :32:42.Talbot and steel go hand-in-hand and if we lose the steelworks, Port

:32:43. > :32:43.Talbot will become a ghost town. It is anything for the community at the

:32:44. > :32:44.minute. There are now more adults

:32:45. > :32:46.in the world who are obese, than those who are classed

:32:47. > :32:48.as underweight, according Hundreds of scientists,

:32:49. > :32:52.led by a team at Imperial College London, warn that if the current

:32:53. > :32:54.trend continues, one fifth of the world will be obese

:32:55. > :32:58.in ten years' time. Hundreds more armed police officers

:32:59. > :33:01.will be stationed across the country poised to deal with

:33:02. > :33:03.a Paris-style terror attack. Police forces

:33:04. > :33:05.across England and Wales have begun recruiting an extra

:33:06. > :33:10.1,500 firearms officers. There's also to be an increase

:33:11. > :33:13.in the number of high-speed Most of the officers will be trained

:33:14. > :33:18.and equipped within Police in the Indian city of Kolkata

:33:19. > :33:23.say at least 24 people are now known to have been killed when

:33:24. > :33:26.a partially-built flyover collapsed. At least 100 people

:33:27. > :33:29.were injured in the collapse. The flyover came down

:33:30. > :33:31.in one of Kolkata's most Rescuers have been clearing

:33:32. > :33:38.the wreckage since yesterday. Debbie Harry, Michael Stipe,

:33:39. > :33:42.Cyndi Lauper and The Pixies are among the musicians who have

:33:43. > :33:44.been honouring David Bowie Originally organised

:33:45. > :33:51.as a retrospective, it become a memorial event after the singer's

:33:52. > :33:56.death from cancer in January. Organisers say they were overwhelmed

:33:57. > :33:59.by requests from performers keen to take part, and had

:34:00. > :34:04.to turn some down. That's a summary of

:34:05. > :34:19.the latest BBC News. Some sad news just coming into us

:34:20. > :34:26.about Denise Robertson, the TV agony aunt for ITV's This Morning, who has

:34:27. > :34:30.died after a short battle with cancer, the show has just announced

:34:31. > :34:32.that Denise Robertson, the programme's agony aunt, has died

:34:33. > :34:35.after a short battle with cancer. Here's some sport now with Will -

:34:36. > :34:47.and the doctors are cautiously What are they saying?

:34:48. > :34:51.It seems like good news, the British boxer is expected to wake from his

:34:52. > :34:55.induced coma in the next two or three days, according to his family.

:34:56. > :34:59.Of course, he suffered a small bleed on the brain on Saturday night after

:35:00. > :35:03.his title fight against Chris Eubank Jr. Britain's most successful

:35:04. > :35:08.Olympian will fulfil a childhood dream this summer when he takes part

:35:09. > :35:11.in the Le Mans 24-hour race. Sir Chris Hoy has already made the

:35:12. > :35:14.switch from cycling and this will be the most prestigious motorsport

:35:15. > :35:18.event he will compete in. Practice gets underway this lunchtime for the

:35:19. > :35:21.Bahrain Grand Prix and two time Formula 1 world Champion Fernando

:35:22. > :35:24.Alonso will not take part after sustaining fractured ribs and a

:35:25. > :35:28.partially collapsed lung in last month's high-speed crash in

:35:29. > :35:32.Australia. West Indies will be represented by both the men's and

:35:33. > :35:35.the women's cricket teams in India, West Indies compete in a seven

:35:36. > :35:40.wicket win over hosts India yesterday which sees them faced

:35:41. > :35:42.England in Sunday's World T20 final in Kolkata with the women taking on

:35:43. > :35:46.Australia. More at 10am. The NHS must get better

:35:47. > :35:49.a learning from its mistakes - that's the message from

:35:50. > :35:52.the Health Secretary Jeremy Hunt. From today, the way the NHS

:35:53. > :35:55.investigates and ultimately learns The Healthcare Safety Investigation

:35:56. > :35:59.Branch or HSIB will be independent and offer guidance to NHS

:36:00. > :36:02.organisations on looking into how errors have been made, and carry out

:36:03. > :36:15.some investigations itself. We can speak now to Melissa Mead,

:36:16. > :36:18.whose one-year-old son William died of sepsis after repeated visits

:36:19. > :36:21.to the GP and a call the the NHS Professor Martin Elliott

:36:22. > :36:24.is a specialist in patient safety at

:36:25. > :36:25.Great Ormond Street Hospital Matthew Syed wrote

:36:26. > :36:28.the book Black Box Thinking, which the Health Secretary

:36:29. > :36:30.says influenced his thinking when coming up with some

:36:31. > :36:39.of his reforms to the Health Good morning. Melissa, absolutely

:36:40. > :36:46.terrible, what happened to you and your family. Tell us, when William

:36:47. > :36:49.fell ill, what happened and how was he treated? William began to get

:36:50. > :36:54.poorly at the beginning of October, developed a very nasty cough. Over

:36:55. > :36:57.the preceding 11 weeks, the cough had developed and he started

:36:58. > :37:01.vomiting and coughing up green phlegm. We repeatedly went back to

:37:02. > :37:05.the doctors, saw a different doctor and we were just sent away being

:37:06. > :37:09.told it was a virus and he was a child and it was coming up to

:37:10. > :37:14.winter, it was just a cough. Until we got to the point where, 36 hours

:37:15. > :37:18.before he died, his temperature spiked to over 40 and we went to the

:37:19. > :37:23.GP, thinking we were having what was a thorough examination which later

:37:24. > :37:29.transpired that it was far from that. We took William home under

:37:30. > :37:34.Doctor's advice. We called 111 the following day because we were still

:37:35. > :37:37.concerned. We spoke to an out of hours doctor, and they all told us

:37:38. > :37:41.it was not an emergency and to leave William in bed. That was the best

:37:42. > :37:47.place for him, give him fluids and Cal Pol. We woke up the next day to

:37:48. > :37:53.what is every parent's worst nightmare, to find your child has

:37:54. > :37:56.passed away. And there were errors which have subsequently been

:37:57. > :37:59.acknowledged, and it must be so hard when you have been through what he

:38:00. > :38:03.went through, to hear it could have been different. I think the worst

:38:04. > :38:08.possible thing that can happen in any one's life is to lose a child.

:38:09. > :38:14.To then find out that the child died in what is unavoidable and

:38:15. > :38:18.preventable circumstance is beyond, mention. -- and avoidable.

:38:19. > :38:22.Especially when you have taken your child repeatedly about the symptoms

:38:23. > :38:27.that they are presenting. Those symptoms have not been recognised

:38:28. > :38:31.and you are not listened to as a parent. I think that is really

:38:32. > :38:36.important. We are the people that know William the most, we are within

:38:37. > :38:41.24 hours a day and to be listened to is important. -- with him 24 hours a

:38:42. > :38:45.day. How did you feel everything was handled when it became clear that

:38:46. > :38:50.things could have been done differently? Were you listened to

:38:51. > :38:54.then? It takes a very, very long time to get to a point where the

:38:55. > :38:59.organisations involved start investigating. We had an inquest

:39:00. > :39:03.first. But there's a huge gap. No one really comes to you and says,

:39:04. > :39:08."This is what is going to happen, this is who will contact you, these

:39:09. > :39:11.are your options". We basically had to turn to the Internet to find out

:39:12. > :39:16.exactly what would happen, and what our rights and choices were. Then,

:39:17. > :39:24.when the investigation began after William's inquest, it felt like a

:39:25. > :39:29.very disenfranchised process. They have created a them and us culture.

:39:30. > :39:32.You are met with almost a defence. Obviously, it was apparent that

:39:33. > :39:38.there were errors and holes in William's care. So it always seems

:39:39. > :39:42.to be that they are trying to shy away from saying, "We have made

:39:43. > :39:47.business Day", because they don't want to be blamed but we don't want

:39:48. > :39:52.to blame people. We want its not to happen again. We don't want to be

:39:53. > :39:55.asking these questions. We have every right to know the answers to

:39:56. > :40:00.the questions, though. People forget that as parents, we are William's

:40:01. > :40:05.voice. It is very important to be part of the process. Martin, you are

:40:06. > :40:12.a specialist in patient safety at Greg Orman. Is there a fear of blame

:40:13. > :40:16.and why? There is a fear of blame, the threat to your career internally

:40:17. > :40:19.within the institution you work and also the background threat of

:40:20. > :40:23.litigation, which could finish your career completely. What does that

:40:24. > :40:28.then mean when things go wrong? What is the first instance? The first

:40:29. > :40:31.thing is when you call an investigation into a critical

:40:32. > :40:34.incident, which we always do, then getting people together in a room

:40:35. > :40:37.can be quite hard because they are worried that whatever they say might

:40:38. > :40:40.be used against them in the future. You have to work really hard to

:40:41. > :40:45.realise that firstly, all human beings make mistakes. It is not

:40:46. > :40:49.about the mistakes that were made, it is about stopping it happening

:40:50. > :40:54.again, making sure that wherever you are in the health system, people are

:40:55. > :41:00.protected. I think people like the family are finding it most important

:41:01. > :41:03.that no one suffers what they have suffered and making sure that the

:41:04. > :41:09.systems which we build our secure and robust. Melissa was saying you

:41:10. > :41:13.did not want it to be about blame, did you? You just wanted to feel

:41:14. > :41:16.someone was listening. I think if we blamed people, we would just be

:41:17. > :41:21.consumed with anger. While we are doing that, we are not thinking

:41:22. > :41:26.about William in a positive way. When people have made errors,

:41:27. > :41:30.everyone is human we know that the doctors don't go to work that they

:41:31. > :41:35.with the intention of causing harm. But equally, when mistakes are made,

:41:36. > :41:38.they need to be able to stand up and say they have made a mistake and

:41:39. > :41:41.this is how they will move forward and make sure they don't make the

:41:42. > :41:47.same mistake again and apologised for the mistake they have made. On

:41:48. > :41:50.the other side of it, Martin, as Melissa says, nobody goes to work

:41:51. > :41:56.meaning to do harm but there must be immense guilt. As you rightly say,

:41:57. > :41:59.it is the opposite, you go to work to help people and have a strong

:42:00. > :42:03.internal feeling to do that. The guilt that occurs if something does

:42:04. > :42:07.happen or if you do cause harm lives with you for your life. You know

:42:08. > :42:11.those people, they have lost their child for ever and you can never

:42:12. > :42:15.lose that feeling. The most important thing is to find a place

:42:16. > :42:20.where people can feel confident in talking about what has happened and

:42:21. > :42:23.to be completely honest and open. That is the only way you can make

:42:24. > :42:29.progress and prevent it happening next time. I hope that by creating

:42:30. > :42:34.these new means of investigation, we will find a way of doing that will

:42:35. > :42:38.stop they won't be able to take on every investigation. It will have to

:42:39. > :42:42.be selective. But for the culture that would spread from that, as it

:42:43. > :42:46.is done in the airline industry, is critical if we want to avoid causing

:42:47. > :42:51.damage by blame, which it does. Matthew Connolly you have written a

:42:52. > :42:56.book which looks specifically at the NHS and its approach to when things

:42:57. > :43:01.go wrong. -- Matthew, you have. And the airline industry takes a

:43:02. > :43:04.different approach. I was struck by how aviation has improved safety by

:43:05. > :43:10.seeing every mistake as Paddy but other treasures -- as a tragedy but

:43:11. > :43:14.a precious learning opportunity. If there's a near miss in the air, the

:43:15. > :43:18.pilots submit a report and the totality of the system is analysed

:43:19. > :43:22.for weaknesses so they can make reforms. If, God forbid, there's an

:43:23. > :43:25.accident, there are two black boxes which can be probed and

:43:26. > :43:30.deconstructed so reforms can be made and the same mistakes are never made

:43:31. > :43:33.again. At the heart of this is independent investigation. The

:43:34. > :43:37.pilots feel they can talk openly and honestly the information flows. If

:43:38. > :43:41.there is blame, and they feel defensive and they don't share the

:43:42. > :43:46.information, it completely undermines the process of adaptation

:43:47. > :43:50.that protects future lives. I think far too often in health care, the

:43:51. > :43:56.rush to blame the clinicians is undermining that information. And

:43:57. > :43:58.maybe fear of blame as well because as Melissa said, they did not want

:43:59. > :44:03.to blame anyone. Obviously everyone will handle the situation

:44:04. > :44:08.differently but with a fear of blame, anyone's natural instinct is

:44:09. > :44:11.to be defensive. That is right and what Melissa said is right, most

:44:12. > :44:14.families want openness and honesty and they are not looking to punish

:44:15. > :44:19.clinicians. The vast majority of them come into work to help and save

:44:20. > :44:22.people's lives. Every now and again there will be negligence or

:44:23. > :44:26.malevolence and that needs to be punished and penalised. But in

:44:27. > :44:31.dependent investigation is the best way to get to the surface and the

:44:32. > :44:35.root causes of what is going wrong. If you don't get to that level of

:44:36. > :44:39.analysis, you can often blame unfairly, honest mistakes caused by

:44:40. > :44:43.systemic weakness. Melissa, if what happened to your family makes a

:44:44. > :44:50.difference, what does that mean for you and everyone else who loved your

:44:51. > :44:58.little boy, going forward? I think it is overwhelming for us to know

:44:59. > :45:01.that sharing William's story, seeing through the recommendations made in

:45:02. > :45:10.William's report and helping to create a culture where change can be

:45:11. > :45:16.effected and the systems can be evolved, and to be able to say that

:45:17. > :45:22.that has been effected by our little boy is truly amazing. It is very

:45:23. > :45:27.bittersweet. We don't want to be here. But we have the opportunity to

:45:28. > :45:38.be here. We feel that... These mistakes can't be made again.

:45:39. > :45:44.Martin, do you believe there will be change? I think the idea of having

:45:45. > :45:47.open investigation is exactly as Matthew and Melissa said, it is

:45:48. > :45:51.crucial but the question is whether the NHS will be able to implement

:45:52. > :45:55.the lessons that are learned in these investigations. Can parallel

:45:56. > :45:57.is really be drawn with something like the aviation industry?

:45:58. > :46:03.Everything comes down to individuals but is it systems, are their obvious

:46:04. > :46:07.systemic changes that can make a difference? There are significant

:46:08. > :46:13.parallels. We have a bigger problem because 70% of the turnover goes on

:46:14. > :46:16.people. The interactions between humans are greater than in the

:46:17. > :46:22.airline industry. Having said that, learning those lessons from an

:46:23. > :46:27.investigation can mean that your processes have to change. The real

:46:28. > :46:30.test for the NHS is not just that the people don't feel guilty and

:46:31. > :46:33.they learn from their lessons but the processes associated with every

:46:34. > :46:37.step of care are modified afterwards. My anxiety is that we

:46:38. > :46:38.don't have a governance structure in the NHS which can really make that

:46:39. > :46:58.happen all the way down the line. For a long time, there was a

:46:59. > :47:01.competent hospital but there was not reporting. Clinicians will not

:47:02. > :47:04.filing reports on errors because they were worried that it would come

:47:05. > :47:11.back to haunt them. They created an open culture, and suddenly

:47:12. > :47:16.information started to flow. For example, when a nurse gave a patient

:47:17. > :47:20.the wrong medication, they discovered their were two bottles on

:47:21. > :47:26.the sideboard that had almost identical labelling but different

:47:27. > :47:31.effects, so they changed the labelling. It was a gain. A patient

:47:32. > :47:33.came in with the wrong colour wristbands saying do not

:47:34. > :47:42.resuscitate. The nurse was colour-blind and they added text to

:47:43. > :47:49.the wristbands. Another gamer. -- another gamer. They make small

:47:50. > :47:55.changes but the totality led to a reduction in liabilities of 74%. It

:47:56. > :47:58.is this process of seeing every error as an adaptive opportunity

:47:59. > :48:03.that has led to this hospital being one of the safest three or four in

:48:04. > :48:08.the world. You talk a lot of figures in your book. What sort of

:48:09. > :48:17.difference could make to accidental deaths in hospitals and other areas

:48:18. > :48:20.of help? In America, they estimate in the Journal of patient safety

:48:21. > :48:27.that 400,000 people die every year because of avoidable mistakes. In

:48:28. > :48:34.the UK, using the black methods, they estimate 7500, that is 100

:48:35. > :48:39.people a week dying because of avoidable errors. -- the Hogan and

:48:40. > :48:45.Black method. Martin is right. It is not just about independent

:48:46. > :48:49.investigations, it is the lessons that surface being metabolised by

:48:50. > :48:55.the system. This is difficult because there are a lot of silos in

:48:56. > :49:02.health care. Significant inroads can be made into that total, even though

:49:03. > :49:05.it is difficult. And you are expecting again, I understand.

:49:06. > :49:12.William is going to have a little brother or sister. We are delighted.

:49:13. > :49:18.I hope it goes well. Some sad news coming into us about Denise Roberts,

:49:19. > :49:24.the TV agony aunt. This Morning has said that she has died after a short

:49:25. > :49:28.battle with cancer. Phillip Schofield has said he's heartbroken

:49:29. > :49:31.to hear the news. She said she is kind, thoughtful, caring and

:49:32. > :49:38.wonderful. Richard Madeley hosted this morning for many years. Good

:49:39. > :49:44.morning. Very sad news. Extremely. Although we knew it was. Coming We

:49:45. > :49:47.got the warning lights about ten days ago. Obviously, she has been

:49:48. > :49:55.ill for a while and it is incredibly sad. But it has not been a

:49:56. > :50:04.blindside, like the sudden news of Ronnie Corbett's passing last night.

:50:05. > :50:09.We knew about -- we started This Morning together in 1988. She has

:50:10. > :50:12.chalked up 28 years. I am not just saying this because of our huge

:50:13. > :50:16.affection, but I think she was probably the best agony aunt in the

:50:17. > :50:20.business. She was underrated somewhat in that regard because she

:50:21. > :50:25.was not flashy. She did not come on, bells and whistles. She just got on

:50:26. > :50:29.with giving very good advice. And very few people will know that when

:50:30. > :50:32.the show was over, Denise would stay in the phone room, sometimes well

:50:33. > :50:36.into the afternoon, talking to people who had not been able to get

:50:37. > :50:40.on the air, continuing to counsel people. She give up so much time and

:50:41. > :50:48.made a difference. She was a truly wonderful, warm hearted and wise

:50:49. > :50:51.woman. The very worst sort. What was her background? What made her get

:50:52. > :50:55.into that? She was quite a successful novelist. By the time she

:50:56. > :50:59.came to This Morning, she had a string of novels under her belt. The

:51:00. > :51:07.reason she was approached by ITV back in the day, I think she had a

:51:08. > :51:12.column in a regional newspaper, and I think that was it. When we

:51:13. > :51:15.auditioned her, along with the other experts that we had at the time,

:51:16. > :51:22.about seven, fashion and cooking, that kind of thing, she shone. I

:51:23. > :51:25.remember that we auditioned some established agony aunts, household

:51:26. > :51:30.names already. And although they were very good, they did not match

:51:31. > :51:36.Denise's authenticity. And her genuineness. And her obvious,

:51:37. > :51:39.serious compassion. She was not in it for a career, she was in it

:51:40. > :51:44.because she liked making a difference. And she did. She was

:51:45. > :51:47.very effective. I imagine she was a fabulous person to have around for

:51:48. > :51:52.all of you. Was she always giving you advice? She did not intrude in

:51:53. > :51:58.that way. She only give advice if asked. As a companion and a friend,

:51:59. > :52:04.she is from the north-east, and she brought all of that good baggage

:52:05. > :52:09.with her. She was a real character. I remember once she heard that Judy

:52:10. > :52:14.had a complete antithesis to musicals. She hates musical theatre.

:52:15. > :52:22.As a birthday surprise, Denise got tickets for the Phantom of the Opera

:52:23. > :52:25.in Manchester. For us all. And Judy went out of politeness, and she

:52:26. > :52:31.absolutely loved it. I can still see Denise leaning forward from her

:52:32. > :52:34.seat, and checking at the emotive points of the performance, that Judy

:52:35. > :52:41.was crying at the right moment, and she was. It was such a lovely thing

:52:42. > :52:49.to do. What would your best memory be of her, effectively? Actually, it

:52:50. > :52:55.will be on the day, October, probably about 9090, at the Albert

:52:56. > :53:01.Dock, when she came in wearing an enormously flamboyant silk pocket

:53:02. > :53:07.for Remembrance Day. -- silk poppy. These days, we wear poppies much

:53:08. > :53:13.earlier, but in those days, it was too early. And the editor very

:53:14. > :53:17.politely said to her, it is a few weeks early, do you mind taking it

:53:18. > :53:22.off, and she went absolutely spare, she got really angry. I have never

:53:23. > :53:26.seen anything like it. Sure enough, an hour later, she went on a wearing

:53:27. > :53:31.this silk poppy. She was not a pushover. Lovely to hear your

:53:32. > :53:36.memories of Denise Robertson. Thank you very much. A great pleasure.

:53:37. > :53:45.We will be hearing from people who will benefit from the new national

:53:46. > :53:49.living wage going up 50p from today. We will also be hearing from

:53:50. > :53:51.businesses, some of whom say that wage increase could force them to go

:53:52. > :53:59.under. An all-star tribute concert

:54:00. > :54:03.to David Bowie was held in New York's Carnegie

:54:04. > :54:10.Hall last night. Debbie Harry, Michael Stipe,

:54:11. > :54:12.Cyndi Lauper and The Pixies are among the musicians who have

:54:13. > :54:15.been honouring David Bowie Originally organised

:54:16. > :54:18.as a retrospective, it become a memorial event after the singer's

:54:19. > :54:21.death from cancer in January. Organisers say they were overwhelmed

:54:22. > :54:23.by requests from performers keen to take part, and had

:54:24. > :54:27.to turn some down. Let's take a look at some of the

:54:28. > :54:36.performances. Seoul there is a star man

:54:37. > :54:51.Seoul we can be heroes just for one day.

:54:52. > :55:01.# don't lean on me, man, cause you can't afford the ticket. We're

:55:02. > :55:05.joined by Matt Everitt, the documentary maker who made a

:55:06. > :55:10.documentary about David Bowie. All the stars coming out to pay tribute.

:55:11. > :55:13.That's right. It was quite fitting, because although David Bowie was

:55:14. > :55:18.born in London, New York was his home for 20 years. He considered

:55:19. > :55:23.himself as a New Yorker. He really enjoyed being in the city, and I

:55:24. > :55:28.think he liked the anonymity that it gave him. He was able to wonder

:55:29. > :55:33.about relatively undisturbed. Apparently he was asked once, do you

:55:34. > :55:38.wear a disguise, and he said, no, I just carry a foreign newspaper under

:55:39. > :55:41.my arm and then it'll will think, if it is a Polish newspaper so it

:55:42. > :55:46.cannot possibly be David Bowie. Carnegie Hall was the place he made

:55:47. > :55:50.his debut in 1972. And loads of people apparently wanted to perform

:55:51. > :55:54.but they could not accommodate them. Actually, there is a follow-on

:55:55. > :55:59.events tonight as well. It is going to be streamed live, I think, as a

:56:00. > :56:07.charity thing, for a small fee. You can watch it online. This is not an

:56:08. > :56:10.official tribute show. The family, while ago, they made a statement

:56:11. > :56:16.saying that they appreciate these shows but they will not do anything

:56:17. > :56:19.as an official family gig. This was just his friends and Tony Visconti,

:56:20. > :56:26.his producer for a long time, who narrated it. It is always quite nice

:56:27. > :56:29.when you see well-known people actually just fans like the rest of

:56:30. > :56:38.us. His impact was so vast. Obviously, this has been talked

:56:39. > :56:44.about so much, and arrange of people, including Pixies, and

:56:45. > :56:47.Michael Stipe, all paying tribute. I don't think it is the last thing

:56:48. > :56:51.that we will see. I think there will be more tributes like this. If you

:56:52. > :56:55.look the footage, you see all these fans turning up with a stripe on

:56:56. > :57:03.their face. He still has that ability inspire passion. And are we

:57:04. > :57:06.seeing a revival, not a revival because he never went away but his

:57:07. > :57:10.music appealing to a new generation who were not aware of him before

:57:11. > :57:14.this? I think there is a bit of that. There will always be artists

:57:15. > :57:18.that will be discovered again and again by different generations and

:57:19. > :57:22.David Bowie will be one of those people. I think we're seeing more

:57:23. > :57:30.acts putting cover versions into their sets. Quite a few people have

:57:31. > :57:35.done that. Prince did a show last week and he played Heroes just on

:57:36. > :57:41.his own on a piano, which was apparently incredible. It just shows

:57:42. > :57:48.that he's a legend and he will always be regarded like that. I have

:57:49. > :57:52.not seen Prince ages. I think he was supposed to be coming to do some

:57:53. > :57:58.shows in Europe so maybe we will see that. -- I have not seen Prince for

:57:59. > :58:02.ages. Let's catch up with the latest weather. Stav has the details. We

:58:03. > :58:07.have some big weather contrasts across the country this morning. The

:58:08. > :58:13.extreme south and south-east, with scenes like this gorgeous picture in

:58:14. > :58:18.Jersey. Further north, into the Midlands, we got some sunshine. A

:58:19. > :58:24.chilly start with frost and mist. Some hazy sunshine, and the cloud

:58:25. > :58:34.thickening up across the north and west. Quite a contrast. It is

:58:35. > :58:38.feeling quite chilly. Through the day, that is how it is going to be,

:58:39. > :58:42.with this area of low pressure moving in from the Atlantic. High

:58:43. > :58:46.pressure further south and east keeping things fine and settled.

:58:47. > :58:49.That divide will continue through the day. It looks like it will turn

:58:50. > :58:56.wetter across north west England and West Wales. Some heavy rain likely

:58:57. > :59:00.across west and south-west in Scotland. Maybe some shelter across

:59:01. > :59:06.the north-east. With a bit of brightness, we could make 12 or 13

:59:07. > :59:16.across the Moray Firth. Quite chilly across the coast, out of the wind,

:59:17. > :59:21.it will feel colder. Rain in northern and western Wales, maybe as

:59:22. > :59:26.far eastwards as south-west England. For the Midlands, staying dry with

:59:27. > :59:29.hazy sunshine. Overnight, bad weather front will sink further

:59:30. > :59:35.south and eastwards, but will grind to a halt across central areas and

:59:36. > :59:40.will never reach southern areas. Behind it, clearing up, with sky is

:59:41. > :59:44.clear. On either side of bad weather front, it will be chilly in the

:59:45. > :59:51.countryside with mist and fog in places. For the weekend, it is going

:59:52. > :59:58.to be on -- a mixed bag. The wind will be like in general. The

:59:59. > :00:01.pressure situation, on Saturday will import warm here from the

:00:02. > :00:05.mid-continent which will push the weather front further north. Through

:00:06. > :00:08.the day, the brighter skies across the South migrating northwards as

:00:09. > :00:13.that weather front retreats into the far north of England, central and

:00:14. > :00:19.southern Scotland, and Northern Ireland. Here, Wednesday, bright

:00:20. > :00:22.with sunshine, but a. Temperatures generally in single figures, maybe

:00:23. > :00:30.as high as ten. To the south, a lovely day. Feeling much warmer.

:00:31. > :00:42.13-15dC. Onto Sunday, even warmer. We could make the high teens.

:00:43. > :00:46.Welcome to the programme. Coming up for 11am, more than 1 million

:00:47. > :00:50.workers will see their pay go up from today thanks to the national

:00:51. > :00:55.living wage. But will it force some businesses to fold? We will speak to

:00:56. > :00:59.some affected by the changes. The NHS makes thousands of mistakes

:01:00. > :01:03.every year. From today, there are changes to the ways that those

:01:04. > :01:07.errors are investigated. Willie more independent system be enough to

:01:08. > :01:11.change a culture where problems are also remained hidden? Learning those

:01:12. > :01:16.lessons from an investigation can mean that processors have to change.

:01:17. > :01:20.The real test to the NHS is not just that the people do not feel guilty

:01:21. > :01:24.and learn from their lessons but the processes that are associated with

:01:25. > :01:27.every step of care are modified afterwards. My anxiety is that we do

:01:28. > :01:30.not have a governance structure which can really make that happen

:01:31. > :01:35.all the way down the line. And a warning that too little sleep could

:01:36. > :01:40.damage your health. We're not just talking about those nights when you

:01:41. > :01:41.are lying awake for ages, even a solid seven hours could be bad for

:01:42. > :01:44.you. Changes to the living wage -

:01:45. > :01:49.more than a million workers will receive a pay rise today

:01:50. > :01:52.as the new National Living Wage But there are concerns the extra

:01:53. > :01:57.cash could lead to job losses. Maxine is in the BBC Newsroom

:01:58. > :02:01.and has more on that and a summary More than a million

:02:02. > :02:07.workers will receive a pay rise today as the new National

:02:08. > :02:11.Living Wage comes into force. It will mean that employers

:02:12. > :02:14.will have to pay all workers aged 25 or over at least ?7.20 an hour

:02:15. > :02:17.and is expected to give 1.3 million Unions have welcomed the new hourly

:02:18. > :02:23.rate, but business groups have warned that some firms may have

:02:24. > :02:26.to cut jobs as a result Let's go over to York and speak

:02:27. > :02:31.to our business correspondent Ben The business secretary, Sajid Javid,

:02:32. > :02:34.visits the threatened Port Talbot steel works today and is expected

:02:35. > :02:37.to meet some of the workers who fear He's expected to tell them

:02:38. > :02:42.that the government will use all official and diplomatic levers

:02:43. > :02:44.to secure the future The Indian-owned Tata group has

:02:45. > :02:49.announced it's ready to sell off the loss-making business,

:02:50. > :03:06.which employs nearly 15,000 people The knock-on effect is unthinkable,

:03:07. > :03:09.the tone is built on steel, if we lose the steelworks, we will lose

:03:10. > :03:15.Port Talbot as a town, it will become a ghost town is unthinkable

:03:16. > :03:19.for the community at the moment. A teenager has been detained for nine

:03:20. > :03:25.years at the High Court in Edinburgh. He will serve nine years

:03:26. > :03:27.in prison and two years of provision for stabbing the 16-year-old in

:03:28. > :03:29.Aberdeen. Denise Robertson,the agony aunt

:03:30. > :03:31.for ITV's This Morning programme, The show confirmed that she had been

:03:32. > :03:39.suffering from pancreatic cancer. Philip Schofield has said

:03:40. > :03:41.he is 'heartbroken' to hear the news adding: 'she was kind thoughtful,

:03:42. > :03:49.caring and wonderful'. There are now more adults

:03:50. > :03:51.in the world who are obese, than those who are classed

:03:52. > :03:53.as underweight, according Hundreds of scientists,

:03:54. > :03:57.led by a team at Imperial College London, warn that if the current

:03:58. > :03:59.trend continues, one fifth of the world will be obese

:04:00. > :04:07.in ten years' time. Hundreds more armed police officers

:04:08. > :04:10.will be stationed across the country poised to deal with

:04:11. > :04:12.a Paris-style terror attack. Police forces across England

:04:13. > :04:14.and Wales have begun recruiting There's also to be an increase

:04:15. > :04:19.in the number of high-speed Most of the officers will be

:04:20. > :04:23.trained and equipped Police in the Indian city of Kolkata

:04:24. > :04:30.say at least 24 people are now known to have been killed when

:04:31. > :04:33.a partially-built flyover collapsed. At least 100 people

:04:34. > :04:35.were injured in the collapse. The flyover came down

:04:36. > :04:37.in to Kolkata's most Rescuers have been clearing

:04:38. > :04:45.the wreckage since yesterday. Our South Asia Correspondent

:04:46. > :04:52.has more from there. Debbie Harry, Michael Stipe,

:04:53. > :04:55.Cyndi Lauper and The Pixies are among the musicians who have

:04:56. > :04:57.been honouring David Bowie Originally organised

:04:58. > :05:00.as a retrospective, it become a memorial event after the singer's

:05:01. > :05:03.death from cancer in January. Organisers say they were overwhelmed

:05:04. > :05:05.by requests from performers keen to take part, and had

:05:06. > :05:21.to turn some down. That's a summary of the latest news,

:05:22. > :05:27.Isle of Grain more that I have more for you at 10:30pm. Just how much

:05:28. > :05:30.sleep do you get? Call this morning that we should be aiming for much

:05:31. > :05:35.more than most of us are currently getting, we will talk about it. Let

:05:36. > :05:43.us know what you think, do you think you should be getting more.

:05:44. > :05:50.Here's some sport now with Will and more on Sir Chris Hoy's

:05:51. > :05:53.announcement he'll be racing in the Le Mans 24 hour this summer.

:05:54. > :05:58.What is it with these Olympians switching sports? First the Ludwig

:05:59. > :06:03.cyclist Victoria Pendleton, who switched sandals and raced at the

:06:04. > :06:07.Cheltenham Festival and now Sir Chris high announcing he will be

:06:08. > :06:16.fulfilling a childhood dream by competing in this year's Le Mans 24

:06:17. > :06:23.race. How hard will it be? Jonny May is David Brabham, the former driver.

:06:24. > :06:31.Explain why this race is so prestigious? It is one of the big as

:06:32. > :06:36.watching events in the world, National Geographic rated it number

:06:37. > :06:41.one a few years ago, which is pretty special. It has been going for years

:06:42. > :06:47.and years and it has just got so much history, incredible and you can

:06:48. > :06:52.only really explain it by going there and feeling the atmosphere

:06:53. > :07:01.because when Sir Chris high gets there, it will blow his mind. The

:07:02. > :07:07.Olympics is pretty big but this is such a new environment, driving

:07:08. > :07:20.these cars he sits right in the middle of different degrees. He has

:07:21. > :07:25.to be fully concentrating for hours on end while Helix at the fast cars

:07:26. > :07:31.coming behind and try to get past cars in front, his mind will be all

:07:32. > :07:37.over the place. He will be retested. We can see your beautiful winners

:07:38. > :07:43.trophy. You are not necessarily racing for 24 hours, are you. What

:07:44. > :07:50.are the logistics of the race? One driver doesn't do 24 hours, you have

:07:51. > :07:55.two other team-mates. He cannot do more than four hours in the car. Not

:07:56. > :08:00.very often people do that but you can do up to 3.5 hours, it depends

:08:01. > :08:04.on the time strategy. You are in there for long periods and if it is

:08:05. > :08:12.hot, then the cockpit temperature can be really high. That doesn't

:08:13. > :08:16.help with your concentration. It is a fantastic event and he will

:08:17. > :08:19.absolutely love it, no doubt. For me, looking at his experience going

:08:20. > :08:25.in there, this is more of a test, get a feel for it and build up to

:08:26. > :08:33.one day in the future and hopefully pick up one of these, which I'm sure

:08:34. > :08:37.she is capable of doing! I'm hoping his tree trunk legs will fit behind

:08:38. > :08:43.the steering wheel but when he is in the car, how transferable will have

:08:44. > :08:49.skills be from the bike? Completely different discipline. He is

:08:50. > :08:54.incredibly mentally strong, so you have to be that focused for such

:08:55. > :09:02.long periods of time, which is one of the keys to Le Mans 24 success.

:09:03. > :09:06.He has to learn all the other elements that he has had no real

:09:07. > :09:11.background for. We will have to see how he gets on but he is going to be

:09:12. > :09:18.pretty excited by just being there. Thanks for joining us. The Le Mans

:09:19. > :09:19.24 former winner. What's more trophies underneath the camera to

:09:20. > :09:27.show you at another time! More than a million low-paid workers

:09:28. > :09:29.are getting a pay rise today with the introduction

:09:30. > :09:31.of the National Living Wage. But there are fears of job losses

:09:32. > :09:34.as companies struggle to pay The Living Wage Foundation,

:09:35. > :09:37.which campaigned for the increase, is also calling for businesses

:09:38. > :09:40.to 'aim higher' and pay more The New National Living Wage

:09:41. > :09:45.is ?7.20 an hour and was announced That's 50 pence more

:09:46. > :09:50.than the current National Minimum It only applies to workers

:09:51. > :09:54.aged 25 and over. Those aged 21 to 25 will get

:09:55. > :09:58.the lower rate of 6.70. And anyone paid cash in hand risks

:09:59. > :10:04.missing out altogether. That works out an annual increase

:10:05. > :10:06.of around ?900 a year We can speak to several people now

:10:07. > :10:10.who will feel the impact June O'sullivan owns

:10:11. > :10:14.the Early Years Foundation which runs 32 nurseries

:10:15. > :10:18.across London. Jobeda Ali is the chief executive

:10:19. > :10:23.of Three Sisters Care, which is a home care agency

:10:24. > :10:26.in London and Essex. Richard Barry has two jobs both

:10:27. > :10:28.which pay the minimum wage and Sheridan Swinson runs

:10:29. > :10:43.Aardvark Books and Cafe I will come to you first, Sheridan,

:10:44. > :10:46.you run a business and your viewers that you will have two actually

:10:47. > :10:53.reduced the number of hours that you are paying for and it will impact on

:10:54. > :11:01.the staff in that way. Tell us what impact it will have? We will have to

:11:02. > :11:09.look at the balance. That is a large cost for our business. Whether we

:11:10. > :11:14.end up reducing a lot will depend on circumstances, but by the time the

:11:15. > :11:21.escalator ends in five years, when it will have gone up by a third and

:11:22. > :11:25.I would estimate our sales will go stuff about half of that, so there

:11:26. > :11:31.is a difference that has to be sorted out somehow. In the immediate

:11:32. > :11:37.term, what impact would paying an extra 50p per hour to anyone over

:11:38. > :11:43.25, how much would it cost you? The immediate impact will be quite

:11:44. > :11:48.small, it is more the ongoing impact over the rest of the escalator. Is

:11:49. > :11:52.it a small enough cost for you not to have to absorb elsewhere, or will

:11:53. > :11:59.you make changes as a result? This year, the cost will be negligible.

:12:00. > :12:08.You company employs 670 people. What impact will the living wage have on

:12:09. > :12:12.you? I'm the TV executive, the largest childcare social enterprise

:12:13. > :12:15.in the UK. We have already created an environment where we try to

:12:16. > :12:19.support children from poor families as well as children from families

:12:20. > :12:26.who can afford to pay the going rate. You have to see childcare

:12:27. > :12:33.within a wider context. Currently, we have 35 staff who are not on the

:12:34. > :12:36.London living wage. We have the London living wage to content with

:12:37. > :12:42.because in London everything is more expensive and they are some of the

:12:43. > :12:47.problems we have. How do you phase this in because we were not given

:12:48. > :12:50.any time to do that and how do you deal with the implications of the

:12:51. > :12:56.kind of promotions and the grading is that go with it. Everybody starts

:12:57. > :13:07.at ?7.20. How do you do it for qualified and unqualified staff? We

:13:08. > :13:11.also have to fund 7% on pensions, training opportunities for the start

:13:12. > :13:15.because you want to recruit and keep the best staff, nurture them and

:13:16. > :13:19.that is how you do it. Spell out the impact it will have on the business

:13:20. > :13:25.in terms of extra costs and how that might be met? The childcare

:13:26. > :13:28.business, quite a lot of our children are funded through the

:13:29. > :13:33.government. The government says nowadays it is one of the biggest

:13:34. > :13:37.purchasers of childcare in the country. They pay us a very low

:13:38. > :13:45.rate, Sokoli we subsidise that might substantially. 80% of our costs are

:13:46. > :13:49.staff, so we have very little flexibility and a margin to move in

:13:50. > :13:53.terms of additional costing. Cost of staff is going up, by how much would

:13:54. > :14:00.you estimate over the year? I don't want to put a national figure on it

:14:01. > :14:04.because we had to look at the hours, the opportunities. Those kind of

:14:05. > :14:08.things we are taking into account. When we first discovered this was

:14:09. > :14:12.announced, we looked at how we would do that so we would maintain the

:14:13. > :14:18.staff levels. Good quality childcare, you have to have a lot of

:14:19. > :14:21.staff who are experienced, so if you take more under 25 is, that would

:14:22. > :14:25.have a different effect on the quality of the service. It does you

:14:26. > :14:31.are worried about how your business is going to go because of this. Once

:14:32. > :14:35.only different levels. What will the business do if it does increase

:14:36. > :14:42.costs and how would you deal with that? We would maybe have to take

:14:43. > :14:47.more under 25-year-olds because we don't have to pay that wage, will

:14:48. > :14:51.Beatty to ignore unqualified staff? It has an implication on quality

:14:52. > :14:56.because you align your hourly rates to your qualifications. If you are

:14:57. > :15:01.running a social business and you are targeting needy children, can I

:15:02. > :15:06.afford to take more of those on Lake have to take fewer places for poorer

:15:07. > :15:10.children as I have to put more money into the core business because we

:15:11. > :15:12.have to pay a higher rate stuff. It is a dilemma when you are a social

:15:13. > :15:21.business. You run a carer agency, how do you

:15:22. > :15:24.think the living wage will affect the agency? I cannot disagree with

:15:25. > :15:29.everything you said. Everything you said is accurate and I welcome this

:15:30. > :15:33.very much. As a social enterprise, first of all, I should say that

:15:34. > :15:37.three quarters of social enterprise is already paid the UK living wage.

:15:38. > :15:46.Can you explain what social enterprise means? It does not have

:15:47. > :15:50.one single definition. There are various bodies that define it in the

:15:51. > :15:56.runways. The main thing is that you try to be an ethical employer, and

:15:57. > :16:00.that is where my sisters and I, when we started our business five years

:16:01. > :16:04.ago, we decided to be a social enterprise and pay everyone the

:16:05. > :16:12.living wage. The UK living wage, set by the living wage foundation. And

:16:13. > :16:16.we found that we couldn't. It was really difficult. We have never had

:16:17. > :16:19.to go as low as the minimum wage but we have always paid at least the UK

:16:20. > :16:23.minimum wage. It has taken us four years to get to the point where we

:16:24. > :16:34.can pay the London living wage. And that is? ?9 at the moment. The only

:16:35. > :16:37.way we have got to that position, we have NHS contracts and cancel

:16:38. > :16:41.contracts that require us to pay the London minimum wage. More

:16:42. > :16:45.importantly, they pay us enough to pay the London minimum wage. When

:16:46. > :16:56.you have a two tier system in social care, I can work with the same is

:16:57. > :16:59.ECGs and councils, and when I not on their contracted list, they will pay

:17:00. > :17:11.me so little that I cannot pay the minimum wage. -- the same CCGs. I

:17:12. > :17:13.have to subsidise that somehow. The government, they fund two thirds of

:17:14. > :17:20.all social care in this country. They are the one main customer but

:17:21. > :17:25.they do not pay us enough to pay the living wage so we have to find the

:17:26. > :17:30.money elsewhere. And where do you find it? This is the system. Because

:17:31. > :17:34.if you pay for care for your mother, and I am telling you that this

:17:35. > :17:38.person who is caring for someone who might be on their deathbed, and we

:17:39. > :17:44.do a lot of end of life care, and she will get ?3, the minimum wage,

:17:45. > :17:50.for coming to see a mother, state funded care, and a majority of those

:17:51. > :17:55.are only 30 minute visits, this lady will come across and see your mother

:17:56. > :18:00.and get ?3, which is pretty much just her bus fare? You will say, no,

:18:01. > :18:03.I am not having that. If you are paying for it, you want the person

:18:04. > :18:07.looking after your parents to not be exploited, to be happy and confident

:18:08. > :18:16.in their job to deliver a good service. But if you are not paying

:18:17. > :18:19.for it, you are not thinking about it, and we're not saying that our

:18:20. > :18:22.clients do not have the same values but they are not thinking about it

:18:23. > :18:24.because as far as they know, the state is paying for it, without

:18:25. > :18:28.knowing that the state is not. Wealthier people are subsidising it.

:18:29. > :18:37.Richard, you are on the receiving end of the system, doing two jobs.

:18:38. > :18:42.You will get a pay rise. I will be, it will be going up to ?7.20 an

:18:43. > :18:45.hour. For me, it has been too low for too long. The minimum wage is

:18:46. > :18:50.just catching up at the moment to where it should be. I have had

:18:51. > :18:57.family members struggling, friends struggling, even just to pay bills.

:18:58. > :19:06.I think now, at ?7 20, we are at a point where we can just about live.

:19:07. > :19:11.So you will get ?19... ?19 a week more. What difference will that

:19:12. > :19:14.mean? Sometimes that will mean that I don't go overdrawn or I do not

:19:15. > :19:18.have to borrow from family members, which would be great for me to be

:19:19. > :19:26.self-reliant. It does make a big difference. People getting in touch

:19:27. > :19:31.on the social media. Christopher on Facebook says that may be CEOs

:19:32. > :19:34.should take a pay cut. If they are worried about the minimum wage, it

:19:35. > :19:38.is the people at the bottom that make the money. Being on zero our

:19:39. > :19:43.contract, I do not know if I will see a difference today. In the end,

:19:44. > :19:47.businesses make a profit, so does it just come out of the profit margin?

:19:48. > :19:53.It is tricky. If it is a childcare business, it is not a direct source

:19:54. > :19:57.of profit in that way, and particularly if you were running a

:19:58. > :20:03.social business, you do not have that profit to pour into

:20:04. > :20:07.disadvantage. That is what you would do, you would purchase more places.

:20:08. > :20:11.What we will see with childcare, because it is part of

:20:12. > :20:15.infrastructure, we are enabled in London, 76% of people go back to

:20:16. > :20:19.work. But if they cannot access childcare, they cannot go back to

:20:20. > :20:23.work. If childcare becomes too expensive, with more costs around

:20:24. > :20:26.staffing, the main cost, it becomes problematic for parents to be able

:20:27. > :20:33.to come back to work and the whole thing has a bigger impact. Nobody is

:20:34. > :20:38.saying you should be -- should not be paying ?7 20, really we want to

:20:39. > :20:45.pay the London living wage, ?9 16 at the moment, but it is facing it. He

:20:46. > :20:47.is not simply about what you get an hour, it is about developed

:20:48. > :20:55.opportunities and the ways that you face things in. But the guy that has

:20:56. > :20:59.just written and, with the big companies, over 20% of them are not

:21:00. > :21:04.paying the living wage. Now today, all of their cleaners will get ?7.20

:21:05. > :21:08.an hour, but that is not even a quarter of the bonus from a person

:21:09. > :21:13.at the top. He is right, but don't forget that small businesses, family

:21:14. > :21:17.run businesses like mine, we are exempt from minimum wage low. So

:21:18. > :21:23.what actually happens, a small business running a cafe or

:21:24. > :21:26.something, either he can increases cost or he takes the cut. That is

:21:27. > :21:31.what I think a lot of workers and big businesses do not recognise, the

:21:32. > :21:35.cuts come from the owners of these small businesses not taking as much

:21:36. > :21:38.money as they work and deterring people from becoming entrepreneurs.

:21:39. > :21:44.It is bad for the market. Sheridan, is that pertinent to you? It

:21:45. > :21:49.certainly is. During the recession, there were months where I paid staff

:21:50. > :21:53.and not myself and I think that most small businesses have that

:21:54. > :22:00.experience. I would like to bring in one other point, which is the uneven

:22:01. > :22:04.geographical impact of this. I am based in a beautiful area of the

:22:05. > :22:11.country, on the Welsh Marches, but this is a low income area, a low

:22:12. > :22:22.employment area, and the impact will be massively bigger than in the

:22:23. > :22:27.south-east or London. I live in the south-east, I live in Shoreham,

:22:28. > :22:31.close to Brighton, and ?7.20 for me, although it sounds like a big

:22:32. > :22:36.increase, 50p, I do not think, I think that is just the start. I have

:22:37. > :22:41.heard Vince Cable, the Liberal Democrat, talking about ?8 or ?8.

:22:42. > :22:47.And I think that is more the level we should be at. That would make me

:22:48. > :22:54.feel even more comfortable than ?7. I do not think they have gone far

:22:55. > :23:00.enough yet. Thank you all very much. Dave has e-mailed to say, wages go

:23:01. > :23:04.up on the cost of living goal -- wages go up and the cost of living

:23:05. > :23:09.goes up. Can someone tell me what that means to people on zero hours

:23:10. > :23:16.contracts? On my contract, that will go up as well. It does not matter

:23:17. > :23:19.weather you have an employer with a contract or a zero hours contracts,

:23:20. > :23:27.it will still go up. Thank you all very much. Still to come, if you

:23:28. > :23:34.were sleeping fewer than seven hours a night, it is not enough. And

:23:35. > :23:37.should the cost of producing great music be irreversible hearing damage

:23:38. > :23:43.to a musician? This is what a renowned viol player is claiming

:23:44. > :23:46.happens to him. He says his hearing was destroyed by brass instruments

:23:47. > :23:50.placed behind him during rehearsals when he was a member of the Royal

:23:51. > :23:56.Opera House Orchestra. Now Chris is suing his former

:23:57. > :24:01.employers in a civil case, claiming the hearing loss has

:24:02. > :24:04.ruined his 25 year career. In court papers seen by the BBC it

:24:05. > :24:07.says the sound on the orchestra's pit peaked at around 137 decibels,

:24:08. > :24:10.which is roughly the sound The Musician's Union say hearing

:24:11. > :24:13.damage is a major problem The Royal Opera House denies

:24:14. > :24:17.it is responsible, but around a quarter of its players

:24:18. > :24:19.suffer hearing illnesses. Our legal eagle Clive Coleman

:24:20. > :24:30.went to meet Chris. For most of us live, music was

:24:31. > :24:35.Chris's life. I have been a professional musician since I was

:24:36. > :24:45.17, for the last quarter of a century. Music was my income and my

:24:46. > :24:48.everything. The son of a composer, Chris played the viol with some of

:24:49. > :24:55.the world was my greatest orchestras. He is seen here playing

:24:56. > :25:01.at the Royal Albert Hall in 2005. In court documents seen by the BBC,

:25:02. > :25:07.Chris claims that his healing was -- is hearing was irreversibly damaged

:25:08. > :25:10.during rehearsals of Richard Wagner's thunderous developed

:25:11. > :25:18.Sheila, from brass instruments positioned immediately behind him in

:25:19. > :25:22.the pit. Normal sounds like banging cups and glasses together, that is

:25:23. > :25:27.unpleasant, painful noise. My daughter last year, she has a very

:25:28. > :25:33.powerful voice, she was crying so much that I actually got noise

:25:34. > :25:38.induced vertigo from it because of my injury and I ended up in bed for

:25:39. > :25:51.three weeks. To carry out ordinary, everyday tasks, Chris as to wear ear

:25:52. > :25:54.protectors. His son is an outstanding French horn player, but

:25:55. > :25:58.since Chris's injury, he has not been able to listen to his son

:25:59. > :26:05.practice or play. He has missed public constructs like this one last

:26:06. > :26:13.year. The effects of loud rock music are well-known, Pete Townshend is

:26:14. > :26:17.just one rock icon to have suffered. The doctor said, well you are not

:26:18. > :26:24.actually going deaf but I would advise you to learn to lip read. You

:26:25. > :26:28.were a violinist? What is less well-known is that the problem of

:26:29. > :26:32.hearing loss and injuries are common in the more sophisticated and sedate

:26:33. > :26:36.world of classical music. Instruments are louder than they

:26:37. > :26:39.ever were before. 200 years ago, they were built of different

:26:40. > :26:44.material, which makes for a difference. And conductors are

:26:45. > :26:46.allowed to ride roughshod over health and safety considerations.

:26:47. > :26:51.They put players on the stage where they are in harms way. There are

:26:52. > :26:53.over 100 players in the orchestra to you at the Royal Opera House. The

:26:54. > :27:08.BBC has learned over a quarter complain of

:27:09. > :27:10.mild or occasional during illness. And in the yearbook for last, there

:27:11. > :27:13.were seven cases and 117 weeks of sickness leave taken. And that is

:27:14. > :27:15.not music to anyone's years. The Royal Opera House does not accept

:27:16. > :27:18.that the rehearsals led to Chris's injuries or that it is responsible.

:27:19. > :27:22.In a statement, it said his claim is a complex medical and legal issue

:27:23. > :27:26.which is still under investigation. All sides are keen to reach a

:27:27. > :27:33.resolution. The matter is now the subject of legal proceedings.

:27:34. > :27:37.Whatever the resolution up Chris Goldscheider's life has changed

:27:38. > :27:40.beyond recognition. Looking at it there, how do you feel to know that

:27:41. > :27:45.you cannot take it out and make it could like you used to. For someone

:27:46. > :27:55.who spent nine hours playing update, it must be like for a footballer to

:27:56. > :27:59.not be able to kick a football. Clive Coleman reporting. Today,

:28:00. > :28:03.Apple is the most valuable and possibly most powerful company on

:28:04. > :28:04.earth. It all started 40 years ago with three men in an apartment in

:28:05. > :28:10.mountain view. We all know the story

:28:11. > :28:13.of the late Steve Jobs. The nerdier among us will also know

:28:14. > :28:16.about the flamboyant Steve Wozniak. But could you name the third

:28:17. > :28:18.co-founder of Apple? The man who designed

:28:19. > :28:20.the company's very first logo? Our North America technology

:28:21. > :28:35.reporter Dave Lee went to meet him. Ronald Wayne, on May 17, 1934. In

:28:36. > :28:43.the midst of the great depression. Steve Jobs had this focus. Once he

:28:44. > :28:46.got an idea in his head, that was it. And you never wanted to be

:28:47. > :28:50.between him and where he wanted to go. You would wind up with the

:28:51. > :28:56.Prince on your forehead. This is the contract. I personally tied to this

:28:57. > :29:00.up. I was a little more diplomatic than he was. There was a problem he

:29:01. > :29:06.was having at that time with Steve Wozniak. I said, come over to the

:29:07. > :29:11.house and we will chat. It took 45 minutes, less than an hour to get

:29:12. > :29:15.him to understand, no, you cannot do it like that for a business

:29:16. > :29:20.enterprise. OK, fine, he bought into it and understood. At that moment in

:29:21. > :29:33.time, Steve jobs said, we are going to form a company. 12 days later, I

:29:34. > :29:35.went down to the registrar's office and had my name taken off the

:29:36. > :29:52.contract. If the company goes poof, we are

:29:53. > :29:58.individually liable for the debts of the company. Jobs and Steve Wozniak

:29:59. > :30:02.did not have to Nichols to rub together. I had a house, a bank

:30:03. > :30:07.account, and a car, and I was reachable. Some months later, I get

:30:08. > :30:14.a letter in the mail with a cheque for $1500, I believe, and the letter

:30:15. > :30:19.said, all you have to do is sign away every possible interest you

:30:20. > :30:23.could have in the Apple Computer company, and the check is yours.

:30:24. > :30:28.Well, I figured that I had already done that, and as far as I was

:30:29. > :30:37.concerned, it was found money. So I went ahead and signed. People will

:30:38. > :30:41.watch this and they will say, surely as Ron is about to go to sleep, he

:30:42. > :30:48.must often think of what could have been with Apple? Do you? I would

:30:49. > :30:52.have wind up heading a very large documentation department at the back

:30:53. > :30:56.of the building, shovelling papers for the next 20 years of my life and

:30:57. > :31:00.that was not the future I saw for myself. Find something that you

:31:01. > :31:04.enjoy doing so much that you would be willing to do it for nothing and

:31:05. > :31:20.you will never work a day in your life.

:31:21. > :31:27.Good to hear his perspective on life.

:31:28. > :31:40.We will hear about a new scheme to make wants more peaceful places to

:31:41. > :31:43.speak. Well and you scheme helping police crackdown on hate crimes

:31:44. > :31:45.solve the problem? Let's go to the BBC Newsroom

:31:46. > :31:48.for more on that and a summary More than a million workers

:31:49. > :31:53.will receive a pay rise today as the new National Living

:31:54. > :31:56.Wage comes into force. It will mean that employers

:31:57. > :32:15.will have to pay all workers aged 25 or over at least ?7.20 an hour

:32:16. > :32:18.and is expected to give 1.3 million Unions have welcomed

:32:19. > :32:21.the new hourly rate, but business groups have warned that

:32:22. > :32:24.some firms may have to cut jobs A teenager has been detained

:32:25. > :32:28.for nine years for killing sixteen year-old Bailey Gwynne

:32:29. > :32:30.at an Aberdeen secondary The youth who can't be named

:32:31. > :32:34.for legal reasons will serve 9 years in prison and two years supervision

:32:35. > :32:37.for stabbing the 16 year old Bailey The business secretary, Sajid Javid,

:32:38. > :32:41.today visits the threatened Port Talbot steel works -

:32:42. > :32:43.and is expected to meet some of the workers who

:32:44. > :32:45.fear for their jobs. He's expected to tell them

:32:46. > :32:47.that the government will use all official and diplomatic levers

:32:48. > :32:50.to secure the future The Indian-owned Tata group has

:32:51. > :32:53.announced its ready to sell off the loss-making business,

:32:54. > :33:00.which employs nearly fifteen Aaron and viola player is suing the

:33:01. > :33:05.Royal Opera house in London for his career and hearing. He says his

:33:06. > :33:07.hearing was destroyed by Bracek instruments placed immediately

:33:08. > :33:11.behind him during rehearsals when he was a member of the orchestra at the

:33:12. > :33:16.Royal Opera house, the musicians union says hearing damage is a huge

:33:17. > :33:18.problem for musicians playing in orchestras. The Royal Opera house

:33:19. > :33:23.denies it is responsible. Denise Robertson,the agony aunt

:33:24. > :33:25.for ITV's This Morning programme, The show confirmed that she had been

:33:26. > :33:29.suffering from pancreatic cancer. Philip Schofield has said

:33:30. > :33:31.he is 'heartbroken' to hear the news adding: 'she was kind thoughtful,

:33:32. > :33:44.caring and wonderful'. That's a summary of the latest news,

:33:45. > :33:47.join me for BBC Newsroom live Here's some sport now with Will -

:33:48. > :33:51.with news of boxer Nick Blackwell, and a sportsman who's been

:33:52. > :33:58.in a very similar position. The British boxer Nick Blackwell is

:33:59. > :34:04.expected to wake from his induced coma in the next 2- seeded according

:34:05. > :34:08.to his family. He suffered a small bleed on the brain on Saturday after

:34:09. > :34:13.the title fight against Chris Eubank Jr. But in's more successful

:34:14. > :34:22.Olympian will fulfil his childhood dream when he switches to Le Mans

:34:23. > :34:27.24. The West Indies will be represented in both the men's and

:34:28. > :34:31.women's T20 finals after the men completed a seven wicket victory

:34:32. > :34:34.over the hosts yesterday. They will face England in Sunday's final with

:34:35. > :34:39.the woman's team taking on Australia. Nick Blackwell beginning

:34:40. > :34:43.that recovery in hospital. One man who knows dumping about what he is

:34:44. > :34:47.going through is the British inventor William Fox, the three-time

:34:48. > :34:52.prolific medallist has been out of action since raised in an induced

:34:53. > :34:59.coma after falling at the horse Championships in October and will

:35:00. > :35:04.return to action this weekend. We can speak to Great Britain 's most

:35:05. > :35:13.successful writer. You have won it all. -- more successful rider. After

:35:14. > :35:17.six months you about competing, people would say you are crazy, you

:35:18. > :35:24.could have an easy life presenting the Olympics beside Clare Balding!

:35:25. > :35:30.It is a sign of madness but I love riding my horses. I have a fantastic

:35:31. > :35:34.team you and my vision is back to normal thanks to the doctor in

:35:35. > :35:38.Bournemouth and I am able to ride again and it is what I do, looking

:35:39. > :35:43.forward to tomorrow. That is something in you in particular

:35:44. > :35:51.button sportsmen and sportswoman, you have to decide to go back and

:35:52. > :35:55.put yourself in that position. To 19 year it is quite a big deal what

:35:56. > :36:00.they had to go through while I was recovering was a great deal. The

:36:01. > :36:05.fact that it is all systems go, I am lucky. It is what I love doing and

:36:06. > :36:15.what I can do, what I know how to do and we have got the system here to

:36:16. > :36:20.do it. This might sound like a silly question, what is it like when

:36:21. > :36:24.you're in an induced coma, are you aware at all of what is going on,

:36:25. > :36:29.are you aware you are alive in that situation? You are not aware of

:36:30. > :36:34.anything, my memory from the occasion is scant, unluckily. I have

:36:35. > :36:46.had it easiest, anybody I run the attack had it much worse. The

:36:47. > :36:52.battery has just gone! Limit for me it has been easy, my memory is gone

:36:53. > :36:56.from that, I hardly remember a thing or hardly remember being in France

:36:57. > :37:01.and I was there for a few weeks but I am Bagnaia and all systems go. I

:37:02. > :37:04.think it is much harder for the poor people who suffered looking at me

:37:05. > :37:10.and wondering how I might be one day. What advice would you have for

:37:11. > :37:15.somebody like Nick Blackwell and be a hearing good news from the boxing

:37:16. > :37:19.world. He is to come out of the induced coma in the next few days.

:37:20. > :37:22.The recovery process, taking your time, he will never box again but

:37:23. > :37:29.you must be able to relate to his situation. Everybody said to me,

:37:30. > :37:35.take your time, not to hurry. Don't expect great things and the brain is

:37:36. > :37:41.amazing at recovering and it does recover in its own time. I have been

:37:42. > :37:46.lucky, it has taken a few months but can take up to a year and you can be

:37:47. > :37:50.back to normal again. An astonishing man, we wish you all the best and

:37:51. > :37:55.good luck this weekend. Thank you very much. The incredible William

:37:56. > :38:08.Fox Pitt, surrounded by rosettes. Margaret Thatcher famously survived

:38:09. > :38:11.on just four hours of sleep a night. but the inventor Nikola Tesla never

:38:12. > :38:14.slept for more than two. Winston Churchill was a night owl

:38:15. > :38:18.but took a two hour nap every day - and when Napoleon Bonaparte

:38:19. > :38:21.was asked how many hours sleep people need, he is said to have

:38:22. > :38:24.replied: "Six for a man, seven for a woman,

:38:25. > :38:26.eight for a fool." Well - today the Royal Society

:38:27. > :38:29.for Public Health is warning that too many of us are on the wrong

:38:30. > :38:32.side of that advice - So much so that they want

:38:33. > :38:36.the government to intervene and issue guidance with a so-called

:38:37. > :38:38.'slumber number' for the hours of shut-eye we should

:38:39. > :38:40.get every night. Let's speak to Shirley Cramer

:38:41. > :38:42.who is the Chief Executive of the Royal Society

:38:43. > :38:50.for Public Health, who published Do people ever show off about how

:38:51. > :38:57.much sleep they get, it is quite a thing? People sometimes it get four

:38:58. > :39:01.hours a night and five hours a night and it should be seeing it is not

:39:02. > :39:06.something to boast about, you should get between 7-9 hours if you are an

:39:07. > :39:15.adult so the average slumber number would be between that. I very rarely

:39:16. > :39:21.hate that. What impact is it having? Sleep deprivation has really

:39:22. > :39:26.negative impacts on both the physical and mental health and we

:39:27. > :39:30.know this from research which says that if you are sleep deprived and

:39:31. > :39:35.in one of those ship rolls or in a job or you are getting much less

:39:36. > :39:38.sleep, you are much more at risk for cardiovascular disease, for cancer,

:39:39. > :39:44.for diabetes, for eating properly and for depression. We need to think

:39:45. > :39:48.about sleep in the same way we think about all the other things that are

:39:49. > :39:52.good for our health. The same way we think about our good diet or

:39:53. > :39:57.physical activity, and think about sleep as being one of those issues

:39:58. > :40:00.that we should all be concerned about and should all hope that we

:40:01. > :40:06.get a bit more sleep. There are often stories about sleep, but this

:40:07. > :40:10.is the first time there seems to be a message trying to come out

:40:11. > :40:17.properly to say, don't see it as a waste of time, but actually

:40:18. > :40:21.something that could really have an impact on your health. It really

:40:22. > :40:25.does because it is restorative and even though we don't understand

:40:26. > :40:29.every single baton the process run that, sleep researchers have

:40:30. > :40:33.discovered just how good it is for us. For example, if you are sleep

:40:34. > :40:37.deprived, you're more likely to have an accident and one in five road

:40:38. > :40:43.traffic accidents are to do with sleep deprivation and being tired.

:40:44. > :40:50.Accidents at home, if you are sleep deprived as well. It does put us all

:40:51. > :40:53.at risk for a whole host of issues and chronic conditions are growing

:40:54. > :40:58.in our society and as we are getting fatter and older, these are also

:40:59. > :41:02.issues about sleep deprivation that we have to consider and think about

:41:03. > :41:09.how we might help ourselves and how the government might help us to get

:41:10. > :41:13.a better night getting sleep. We are suggesting that if you are being top

:41:14. > :41:16.to health care worker they might ask you about your sleep pattern, how

:41:17. > :41:24.are you doing with sleep, are you getting enough, so that people think

:41:25. > :41:28.about sleep is a public health issue. When you get into any pattern

:41:29. > :41:34.of behaviour it is all was hard to break, there are different reasons

:41:35. > :41:38.as to why people get that and insomnia is something that affects

:41:39. > :41:44.people and it is effectively out of their control. It is a really

:41:45. > :41:47.vicious cycle if you are in one of the sleep disorders. Insomnia is

:41:48. > :41:51.defined as somebody who has difficulty falling asleep three

:41:52. > :41:56.nights in the week for three months and then you are having fewer days,

:41:57. > :42:00.so you are grumpy or cannot concentrate during the day and at

:42:01. > :42:03.that case you need some support and that might be through medication, so

:42:04. > :42:08.sleeping tablets or cognitive behaviour therapy and we are calling

:42:09. > :42:13.for more cognitive behaviour therapy to be available, it is tricky for

:42:14. > :42:18.GPs because not too much of this is available and we are now having a

:42:19. > :42:22.new app which is a digital CBT app because some people can get more

:42:23. > :42:26.support, but sleep apnoea, some people have trouble breathing when

:42:27. > :42:35.they are sleeping and waking up all the time. For that between 10-15% of

:42:36. > :42:39.the population are affected by these persistent sleep problems. You talk

:42:40. > :42:44.about an app being helpful, but the phones are often very unhelpful. For

:42:45. > :42:48.many of us,, lots of us, the last thing you look at that night when

:42:49. > :42:51.you are playing away on your phone and the first thing you reach for in

:42:52. > :42:58.the morning and you can fritter away time when you should really be

:42:59. > :43:01.crashing out. With adolescence and young people it is bad and from

:43:02. > :43:06.American research we know that the more devices you have in your

:43:07. > :43:12.bedroom at night, looking at your smartphone, computer. Whatever it

:43:13. > :43:17.is, the less likely you are to have the right amount of sleep and that

:43:18. > :43:21.impairs learning for young people and so what we really need to know

:43:22. > :43:22.is try to think about getting those devices out of the bedroom we know

:43:23. > :43:34.what we should do! Some news to bring you

:43:35. > :43:36.coming out of India - and police there say they've

:43:37. > :43:38.detained five officials of the construction company

:43:39. > :43:40.that was building an overpass in Kolkata that collapsed,

:43:41. > :43:42.killing 23 people. Kolkata police said the five

:43:43. > :43:44.officials were detained today for questioning about why

:43:45. > :43:46.the overpass fell in a busy neighborhood, leaving an enormous

:43:47. > :43:50.pile of concrete slabs Twenty-three people were killed

:43:51. > :43:54.and more than 80 people were injured If you've ever spent

:43:55. > :43:59.the night in hospital - you'll know that it's usually a time

:44:00. > :44:03.when your body needs a good rest and time to recuperate,

:44:04. > :44:05.but how has that experience been for you, did you struggle to get

:44:06. > :44:11.proper, because of a noisy ward - That was a re-creation of noise

:44:12. > :44:35.you could hear on a ward which was used in training

:44:36. > :44:37.by researchers at Oxford University. They've been working

:44:38. > :44:39.with staff on the ICU ward at John Radcliffe Hospital

:44:40. > :44:41.to lower noise levels. Lets talk to Julie Darbyshire -

:44:42. > :44:44.a Critical Care Research Programme Manager at the University

:44:45. > :44:52.of Oxford. Thank you very much for joining us.

:44:53. > :44:57.A lot of those noises are an integral part of what is going on in

:44:58. > :45:01.the ward, so how easy is it to tone it down? There are a number of

:45:02. > :45:05.things we can do, so what we're doing is specifically looking at the

:45:06. > :45:08.intensive care unit where the world health organisation say levels

:45:09. > :45:13.should be somewhere between 30-35 decibel is, so that is lower than a

:45:14. > :45:17.public library. Anybody in a hospital environment will tell you

:45:18. > :45:22.it is not what it's like. We put our measuring devices into the intensive

:45:23. > :45:30.care units in the Oxford area and found that it was more like 55-60

:45:31. > :45:39.decibel pool match, much like a busy restaurant -- 55-60 decibels. We

:45:40. > :45:42.have put the staff on a bed and play sounds to them and we move around

:45:43. > :45:47.the bed as we were delivering care to them like nurses and doctors

:45:48. > :45:50.would what they have said is that it is enlightening and they are

:45:51. > :45:53.surprised at how disorientating it can be just lying on the bed without

:45:54. > :45:57.knowing what is going on and even familiar sounds, they cannot work

:45:58. > :46:02.out what they are, so raising awareness of what makes what kind of

:46:03. > :46:07.noise and what effect it can have on patients is really important.

:46:08. > :46:12.Woodbridge is talking about the impact that not enough sleep can

:46:13. > :46:16.have on health. If you are in hospital and you need to be

:46:17. > :46:23.recovering, what impact could it have on patients? -- we were just

:46:24. > :46:28.talking. There is evidence that sleep deprivation extends hospital

:46:29. > :46:32.stays. Getting that sleep every night is really important. In the

:46:33. > :46:35.intensive care unit, it is particularly bad. Patients can

:46:36. > :46:41.expect to get something like three or four hours of sleep in a full 24

:46:42. > :46:44.hours, and that is very fragmented. They will fall asleep for five

:46:45. > :46:50.minutes at a time. It is nothing like the restorative sleep that you

:46:51. > :46:53.or I would get at home. Obviously, you have given people working in the

:46:54. > :46:57.hospital the chance to see what it is like from a patient's

:46:58. > :47:01.perspective, how much of the difference could potentially make?

:47:02. > :47:06.It could make a huge difference. We are currently measuring the noise

:47:07. > :47:10.levels and talking to patients to find out what difference it has

:47:11. > :47:13.made. We have just started this programme and we have been running

:47:14. > :47:17.it for a couple of months, so in a few months we should be able to have

:47:18. > :47:21.some results and say, look, these changes that you can make, we have

:47:22. > :47:26.changed metal bins for plastic ones, some simple environmental changes,

:47:27. > :47:30.so if we can say this has made a difference, it has made the unit

:47:31. > :47:35.quieter and patients feel better for it, then we would like to take that

:47:36. > :47:40.nationally. And if it does translate, to shorter patient stays,

:47:41. > :47:43.then obviously that is a big if at the moment, because it will not be

:47:44. > :47:50.clear how much of a dividend will make, but it could have quite a big

:47:51. > :47:54.impact? It could. Absolutely. Every patient day in an intensive care

:47:55. > :48:00.unit costs the national health service about ?2000. Julie

:48:01. > :48:02.Derbyshire, thank you very much. Pleasure.

:48:03. > :48:05.Police forces in England and Wales are to start recording hate crimes

:48:06. > :48:11.against Muslims in a separate category in their crime

:48:12. > :48:15.Fiyaz Mughal is the founder of Tell Mama, a support

:48:16. > :48:19.group which measures and monitors anti-Muslim incidents.

:48:20. > :48:29.Thank you for coming in. Obviously, we have known this is coming in but

:48:30. > :48:33.from today, hate crimes will have to be specifically recorded. Indeed. It

:48:34. > :48:37.is a separate recording mechanism and that is a positive thing. It

:48:38. > :48:41.provides a real opportunity to see the level and scale of issues,

:48:42. > :48:44.particularly affecting Muslim communities around anti-muscle and

:48:45. > :48:51.prejudice. It is a positive step forward. They do this with

:48:52. > :48:54.anti-Semitic recordings, so it is about parity, ensuring that records

:48:55. > :48:59.are accurate and reflect what is happening in society. It is almost a

:49:00. > :49:05.question of why is it taking so long, when it is already connected

:49:06. > :49:09.to other hate crimes. Good point. The government has made a bold step

:49:10. > :49:12.in doing this. It is much needed and it is finally here. We have been

:49:13. > :49:19.recording this for the last four years. No one will be getting police

:49:20. > :49:24.data through data sharing, and it will give us an accurate picture. I

:49:25. > :49:28.think it is a positive step forward. Over the four years that you have

:49:29. > :49:32.been recording hate crimes against Muslims, what sort of crimes are you

:49:33. > :49:37.recording and what is happening with the statistics? Are they changing

:49:38. > :49:42.much? They are changing rapidly given international and national

:49:43. > :49:46.incidents. When there is a terrorist incident, there will be a spike or a

:49:47. > :49:53.peek. After the murder of Lee Rigby, after the terrorist issues in Paris,

:49:54. > :49:56.after Charlie Hebdo, there were significant spikes. Sadly, it is a

:49:57. > :50:02.growing problem of anti-Muslim prejudice. I think this year we will

:50:03. > :50:08.see a doubling of cases coming to us, and if we had the statistics

:50:09. > :50:12.from the three forces that have given statistics, today we are

:50:13. > :50:18.looking at about 2500 incidents. It is a growing issue. The kind of

:50:19. > :50:21.issues we pick up, we pick up general abuse, mainly towards

:50:22. > :50:27.visible Muslim women at a street level, and also damage to mosques.

:50:28. > :50:30.Just the other day we had racist graffiti, for example, in Dewsbury.

:50:31. > :50:35.We picked up incidents where there have been Arsenal attempts -- arson

:50:36. > :50:42.attempts against Islamic institutions. A range of incidents,

:50:43. > :50:45.mostly general abuse targeting Muslim women. Specifically recording

:50:46. > :50:49.them, what difference will this make? It is not that these crimes

:50:50. > :50:54.are not being dealt with, it is just that they are not being listed as

:50:55. > :50:57.official statistics. It is really important because these incidents

:50:58. > :51:01.have an impact on a sense of identity and integration, and it is

:51:02. > :51:05.important for public policy that would get a grip on what is actually

:51:06. > :51:09.taking place and that can change public policy and help us understand

:51:10. > :51:13.issues not only of integration but how big impact on identity and even

:51:14. > :51:17.extremism. The main thing is to understand the needs of the victim.

:51:18. > :51:19.It is about supporting victims and understanding what is happening out

:51:20. > :51:27.there in society. Thank you very much. Thank you for your comments

:51:28. > :51:31.about our story earlier on about how the NHS must get better at learning

:51:32. > :51:38.at its mistakes -- from its mistakes. One viewer has contacted

:51:39. > :51:45.us saying, my dad is still feeling the effects of a botched operation

:51:46. > :51:47.in the 70s. Hugh says, I owe my life to the NHS and lives are saved every

:51:48. > :51:51.day. Earlier I spoke to Melissa Mead,

:51:52. > :51:54.whose year old son William died of sepsis after repeated visits

:51:55. > :52:02.to the GP and a call William began to get brutally at the

:52:03. > :52:09.beginning of October and developed a very nasty cough. Over the preceding

:52:10. > :52:12.11 weeks, he started vomiting, coughing up phlegm. We repeatedly

:52:13. > :52:19.went back to the doctor. We saw a different doctor and we were just

:52:20. > :52:27.sent away, saying it was just a cough, just a virus. Until 36 hours

:52:28. > :52:35.before he died, he had a temperature of 40, and we went into the GP. We

:52:36. > :52:38.thought it was a thorough examination but it later transpired

:52:39. > :52:43.that it was far from that. We took William Holman, and called 111 the

:52:44. > :52:48.following day because we were concerned. We spoke to an out of

:52:49. > :52:53.hours doctor and they told us it was not an emergency. Leaving him in bed

:52:54. > :53:00.was the best place for him, they said. The next day, we woke up to

:53:01. > :53:07.every parent's worst nightmare, to find your child has passed away. And

:53:08. > :53:10.there were errors which have subsequently been acknowledged. It

:53:11. > :53:15.must be so hard for you to hear that it could have been different. I

:53:16. > :53:19.think the worst possible thing that can possibly happen in any one's

:53:20. > :53:24.life is to lose a child. To then find out that the child died in what

:53:25. > :53:30.was unavoidable and preventable circumstance is beyond, retention.

:53:31. > :53:36.Especially when you have taken your child to them repeatedly with the

:53:37. > :53:39.symptoms they have been presenting ample symptoms have been not

:53:40. > :53:44.recognised, and you are not listen to as a parent. We are the people

:53:45. > :53:51.that know William the most because we are with him 24 hours a day. To

:53:52. > :53:57.be listened to is important. How did you feel everything was handled once

:53:58. > :54:02.it became clear that things could have been done differently? Weren't

:54:03. > :54:07.you listened to then? It takes a long time to get to a point where

:54:08. > :54:11.the organisations involved start investigating. We had an inquest

:54:12. > :54:19.first. But there is a huge gap. Nobody comes to you and says, that

:54:20. > :54:22.is -- this is what is going to happen, these are your options. We

:54:23. > :54:27.had to turn to the internet to find out what would happen and what our

:54:28. > :54:33.rights were, what our choices were. And when the investigation began

:54:34. > :54:38.after the inquest, it felt like a disenfranchised process, where they

:54:39. > :54:43.had created a culture of them and asked. You are met with almost a

:54:44. > :54:50.defence because obviously it was apparent that there were holes in

:54:51. > :54:53.William's care, and it always seems that they are trying to shy away

:54:54. > :54:57.from saying that they have made this mistake because they do not want to

:54:58. > :55:01.be blamed. But we do not want to blame people, want for it to not

:55:02. > :55:04.happen again. We don't want to be in this position, asking these

:55:05. > :55:09.questions but equally, we have every right to know the answer to these

:55:10. > :55:13.questions. People forget that we are William's voice as his parents. It

:55:14. > :55:15.is important to be part of that process.

:55:16. > :55:18.An all-star tribute concert to David Bowie took place

:55:19. > :55:21.Cyndi Lauper, Debbie Harry, Michael Stipe and The Pixies

:55:22. > :55:22.were among the musicians that appeared.

:55:23. > :55:26.Originally organised as a retrospective, it become

:55:27. > :55:29.a memorial event after the singer's death from cancer in January.

:55:30. > :55:32.Organisers say they were overwhelmed by requests from performers keen

:55:33. > :55:34.to take part, and had to turn some down.

:55:35. > :55:36.Let's take a look at some of the performances

:55:37. > :56:07.# There's a Starman waiting in the sky. # we can be heroes just for one

:56:08. > :56:20.day. # Hey man! Leave me alone. # Hey

:56:21. > :56:30.man! # it ain't easy.

:56:31. > :57:01.# Don't explain what I have to know. # Sitting in the quicksand of my

:57:02. > :57:09.thoughts. # Because I ain't got the power any

:57:10. > :57:15.more. # We can be heroes, just for one

:57:16. > :57:21.day. Thank you everybody. God bless David

:57:22. > :57:24.Bowie. Tributes to David Bowie. Let's bring you more of your

:57:25. > :57:30.comments about noisy wards in hospitals. Lots of you are

:57:31. > :57:36.advertising with the report today about the impact of noise in

:57:37. > :57:39.hospitals. Dorothy e-mails to say, I remember having my first baby in

:57:40. > :57:42.hospital and I could not sleep because of doctors and nurses coming

:57:43. > :57:52.down to the word on their brakes and having a jolly time in the office.

:57:53. > :57:59.Keith has e-mailed to say the NHS has done research on noise, and we

:58:00. > :58:05.have years, so it seems obvious. -- we have years. Always great to get

:58:06. > :58:10.your input, whatever we are discussing. When we are not on air,

:58:11. > :58:18.you can keep in touch at any time, on Twitter or Facebook: If you would

:58:19. > :58:20.like to watch our films or interviews at any time, do it

:58:21. > :58:29.online. Just visit our programme page:

:58:30. > :58:37.This is the one opportunity that I have to show them something

:58:38. > :58:43.ALL: Oooh! Mm-hm.

:58:44. > :58:46.Wow! EXCITED CHATTER

:58:47. > :58:52.Well, that is a really rare glimpse of an incredible elusive creature.