10/05/2016

:00:39. > :00:45.When we finally went to the court in Bath and I saw this man

:00:46. > :00:48.standing and I thought, it's not a man - he's a monster.

:00:49. > :00:50.Christopher Hampton was caught by complete chance -

:00:51. > :00:58.we will speak to the police officer who worked on the case.

:00:59. > :01:01.The five-year-olds with tooth decay - we'll ask why so many young

:01:02. > :01:18.children are affected and what can be done to stop the rot.

:01:19. > :01:22.We're also talking about drone attacks this morning.

:01:23. > :01:24.Is it OK for our Government to target suspected terrorists

:01:25. > :01:30.It follows the killing in Syria last year of a British citizen

:01:31. > :01:33.We'll be asking if such attacks violate international law.

:01:34. > :01:37.Do get in touch on all the stories we're talking about this morning -

:01:38. > :01:41.If you text, you will be charged at the standard network rate.

:01:42. > :01:44.And don't forget if you've got a story you think we should be

:01:45. > :01:55.Our top story today - one of the leading members

:01:56. > :01:59.of the campaign for Britain to leave the EU says that Germany had

:02:00. > :02:01.a 'de facto' veto over the Prime Minister's attempts

:02:02. > :02:05.Senior Conservative Iain Duncan Smith says that David Cameron had

:02:06. > :02:07.to ditch plans on curbing migration during his EU renegotiation

:02:08. > :02:16.Our political guru Norman Smith is at Westminster.

:02:17. > :02:22.Good morning, tell us what he is saying.

:02:23. > :02:29.Number Ten are not categorically denying Mr Duncan Smith's claims,

:02:30. > :02:36.just saying they don't recognise the number. They are saying that -- he

:02:37. > :02:40.is saying that Angela Merkel blocked demands by Mr Cameron to impose what

:02:41. > :02:44.is down as an emergency brake to hold EU migrants coming to Britain.

:02:45. > :02:49.She was told about it and effectively said no. Mr Cameron

:02:50. > :02:54.abandoned the demands. Mr Duncan Smith is saying that was typical of

:02:55. > :02:57.the Prime Minister's approach to negotiations were Germany in effect

:02:58. > :03:02.had a whip hand and was able to decide what Mr Cameron was able to

:03:03. > :03:05.push for. We know that of course Germany was critical in bigger the

:03:06. > :03:11.Asians because Downing Street spends an awful lot of time trying to woo

:03:12. > :03:14.Mrs Merkel in the hope she will sell the deal to other EU countries, but

:03:15. > :03:18.Mr Duncan Smith seems to be suggesting that it went a lot

:03:19. > :03:23.further than that and Mrs Michael almost had to pick her fingers and

:03:24. > :03:28.Mr Cameron would do what was required. Mr Duncan Smith also

:03:29. > :03:34.suggests that the deal has less does -- left us in a worse position than

:03:35. > :03:38.before Mr Cameron's negotiations, particularly in relation to London

:03:39. > :03:41.and the city because he says we have surrendered our right to block

:03:42. > :03:46.further eurozone integration and it means the rest of the EU may press

:03:47. > :03:51.ahead with greater harmonisation of banking rules which could damage the

:03:52. > :03:53.city. He is giving a speech later

:03:54. > :04:01.campaigning on the Leeds side, Jeremy Corbyn also campaigning today

:04:02. > :04:06.for remain. What is he up to today? He is launching Labour's battle bus,

:04:07. > :04:10.touring towns up and down the country, and the aim is to try to

:04:11. > :04:14.mobilise the Labour vote in favour of remaining in the EU, because both

:04:15. > :04:18.sides in this campaign recognise that maybe the critical factor. If

:04:19. > :04:22.you accept that probably the majority of Conservatives may

:04:23. > :04:28.support Brexit, then those in favour of remain are desperate to get the

:04:29. > :04:31.Labour vote out, and Mr Corbyn has never been one to bang the drum for

:04:32. > :04:33.Europe so there is real pressure on him to galvanise Labour support.

:04:34. > :04:36.Thank you, Norman. Ben Brown is in the BBC Newsroom

:04:37. > :04:40.and has more on that and a summary One person has been killed and three

:04:41. > :04:45.seriously injured after a man attacked commuters with a knife

:04:46. > :04:47.at a train station The incident happened in Grafing,

:04:48. > :04:52.east of Munich, shortly before 5am. Prosecutors say he had

:04:53. > :04:59.an apparent Islamist motive. With us now is our Berlin

:05:00. > :05:09.correspondent Jenny Hill. What is the latest? I can give you

:05:10. > :05:14.an update because the police are now saying that the man they arrested

:05:15. > :05:17.was a 27-year-old German man who they say wasn't known to them, he

:05:18. > :05:22.was carrying a knife with a ten centimetre long blade and he

:05:23. > :05:28.attacked apparently at random people on the train at the train station in

:05:29. > :05:33.Grafing, it near Munich, but also outside it. One man, they say, died

:05:34. > :05:37.as a result of the attack, one is seriously injured and two others

:05:38. > :05:41.injured, although not critically, they were believed to be cyclists

:05:42. > :05:46.waiting outside the station this morning. Eyewitness testimonies

:05:47. > :05:50.suggested the man shouted Allahu Akbar, God is great, as he carried

:05:51. > :05:54.out the attack, which is feeding into the suspicion that this was a

:05:55. > :05:58.Terre motivated attack. Bear in mind Germany has not seen the kind of

:05:59. > :06:03.major terror incidents like we have seen in places like Paris and

:06:04. > :06:07.Brussels of late, but according to senior security officials Germany is

:06:08. > :06:10.in the cross hairs of international terrorism, so that is certainly a

:06:11. > :06:14.line of inquiry being looked at by police and prosecutors this morning.

:06:15. > :06:18.OK, thank you very much indeed. The legal case for the use of drone

:06:19. > :06:21.strikes against so-called Islamic State terrorists needs

:06:22. > :06:22.urgent clarification, A report from the Joint Committee

:06:23. > :06:27.on Human Rights says the Government's policy on the use

:06:28. > :06:30.of military force outside of armed It follows the killing of a British

:06:31. > :06:37.citizen who was fighting for IS in Syria by an

:06:38. > :06:41.RAF drone last year. A grammar, punctuation and spelling

:06:42. > :06:46.test due to be taken by all ten and 11-year-old children in England

:06:47. > :06:48.this morning has been The answers appeared

:06:49. > :06:52.on a password-protected It's the second mistake involving

:06:53. > :06:57.SATs papers in the past three weeks. The Department for Education says

:06:58. > :06:59.it's investigating the breach, The more challenging SATs introduced

:07:00. > :07:12.this year have attracted their fair Last week, some parents

:07:13. > :07:15.kept their children off school in a day of protest

:07:16. > :07:17.over the assessments. Almost 50,000 people have now

:07:18. > :07:19.signed a petition calling This latest blunder could further

:07:20. > :07:22.anger already-sceptical It's the second time in just three

:07:23. > :07:28.weeks that a primary school test has Last month, the spelling

:07:29. > :07:32.and grammar assessments for six and seven-year-old children had

:07:33. > :07:34.to be abandoned after the paper Now, the test for ten

:07:35. > :07:41.and 11-year-olds has been published on a password-protected

:07:42. > :07:43.website for exam markers Labour says confidence in the test

:07:44. > :07:48.has been undermined, and has called for

:07:49. > :07:52.an emergency review. Some have suggested the leak

:07:53. > :07:54.invalidates the These tests are

:07:55. > :08:01.completely compromised. That's why they had to scrap the key

:08:02. > :08:05.stage one spelling and grammar test, and frankly what they should have

:08:06. > :08:09.done was scrap today's test. The Department for Education says

:08:10. > :08:11.it is aware of a breach and is urgently

:08:12. > :08:13.investigating the matter. Whatever the eventual outcome,

:08:14. > :08:15.600,000 ten and 11-year-olds will be taking the paper as planned

:08:16. > :08:17.in classrooms across South Yorkshire police officers

:08:18. > :08:25.are in Greece making a new appeal for help in finding out

:08:26. > :08:27.what happened to toddler Ben Needham, who disappeared

:08:28. > :08:38.on the island of Kos 25 years ago. Despite hundreds of reported

:08:39. > :08:40.sightings over the years, Ben, who would now be aged 26,

:08:41. > :08:43.has not been found. In January the force was given

:08:44. > :08:45.Home Office funding to support the Greek authorities

:08:46. > :08:47.in their continuing inquiries. Detective Superintendent Matt

:08:48. > :09:03.Fenwick, who's in Athens, We're here today to appeal to people

:09:04. > :09:06.of Kos, and appeal to those people directly.

:09:07. > :09:09.I believe that it's highly likely that someone on Kos today

:09:10. > :09:12.or somebody that has lived in Kos in the past will have

:09:13. > :09:14.the answers and know what has happened to Ben Needham.

:09:15. > :09:17.We want to appeal to those people to come forward and help us find

:09:18. > :09:21.Anti-terrorist police have carried out a major training exercise

:09:22. > :09:22.at Britain's second-largest shopping centre overnight.

:09:23. > :09:24.The scenario, which involved a mock suicide bomber,

:09:25. > :09:29.was staged at the Trafford Centre on the outskirts of Manchester.

:09:30. > :09:32.Hundreds of volunteers played the role of shoppers,

:09:33. > :09:34.in an operation designed to test the response of emergency services

:09:35. > :09:43.The first pictures have emerged showing the full extent

:09:44. > :09:45.of the damage from a huge wildfire that's engulfed a Canadian town

:09:46. > :09:49.88,000 people were evacuated from Fort McMurray.

:09:50. > :09:53.While much of the town is unscathed, some neighbourhoods have been almost

:09:54. > :10:07.entirely destroyed, as Laura Bicker reports.

:10:08. > :10:09.This was a family neighbourhood, with gardens to play in,

:10:10. > :10:13.But the fire was brutal, so fierce that it has left only

:10:14. > :10:17.Everything that made this a home is gone.

:10:18. > :10:19.The fire chief here has called this a beast.

:10:20. > :10:22.He said it jumped across roads, he said it took them by complete

:10:23. > :10:25.surprise, they didn't know where it was going to end up next.

:10:26. > :10:30.Officials are aware these images will be distressing,

:10:31. > :10:32.but they want residents to know why it is not safe to

:10:33. > :10:39.Under no circumstances go past the sidewalks into

:10:40. > :10:44.And they want them to see parts of the city firefighters have

:10:45. > :10:57.The fast action, and the hard work, and the dedication

:10:58. > :10:59.and the smarts of these first responders has, it appears,

:11:00. > :11:01.saved almost 90% of the city of Fort McMurray.

:11:02. > :11:04.I'm told we've lost about 2400 structures.

:11:05. > :11:08.We saved almost 25,000, including the hospital,

:11:09. > :11:13.municipal buildings, and every functioning school.

:11:14. > :11:18.But it will be these pictures which will haunt evacuees,

:11:19. > :11:21.as they wait to find out when they can return.

:11:22. > :11:24.The Alberta government says it will have a plan in two weeks.

:11:25. > :11:33.Until then, any hopes of rebuilding will have to wait.

:11:34. > :11:36.Donald Trump says the newly-elected Mayor of London Sadiq Khan would be

:11:37. > :11:39.exempt from his proposed ban on Muslims entering

:11:40. > :11:45.London's first Muslim Mayor had expressed concerns that,

:11:46. > :11:48.because of his faith, he wouldn't be able to visit the US

:11:49. > :11:50.if Mr Trump won the Presidential election.

:11:51. > :11:53.The Republican hopeful was condemned by several world leaders last year

:11:54. > :12:26.In the next half-an-hour we'll get the latest

:12:27. > :12:29.figures on the state of five-year-olds'

:12:30. > :12:34.Last month we reported on the big rise in the number of children

:12:35. > :12:36.who are having rotten teeth taken out at hospital in England.

:12:37. > :12:39.Dental decay is the biggest single reason for five to nine years

:12:40. > :12:41.old being admitted to hospital, according to the analysis

:12:42. > :12:45.Stargazers have been enjoying a rare transit of the planet Mercury

:12:46. > :12:49.The event - which lasted about seven hours -

:12:50. > :12:52.was impossible and dangerous to view with the naked eye or binoculars,

:12:53. > :12:54.but could be seen through telescopes with strong filters,

:12:55. > :12:57.The phenomenon will happen again in 2019, and then 2032.

:12:58. > :13:00.That's a summary of the latest BBC News.

:13:01. > :13:06.It is quite hard to spot, isn't it? We have got a comment from the

:13:07. > :13:10.Department for Education on the sat tests, the news that the tests due

:13:11. > :13:14.to be taken by ten and 11-year-old children in England this morning

:13:15. > :13:19.have been posted online. We have been saying it was accidentally

:13:20. > :13:22.posted online but a source at the Department for Education is saying,

:13:23. > :13:26.while the test doesn't appear to have been leaked into the public

:13:27. > :13:30.domain and can go-ahead, a rogue marker did attempt to lead the

:13:31. > :13:33.contents online. It is clear there is an active campaign by those

:13:34. > :13:37.people opposed to our reforms to undermine these tests and our

:13:38. > :13:40.attempts to raise standards. That's just through from the

:13:41. > :13:44.Department for Education, saying there is an active campaign by

:13:45. > :13:46.people opposed to the reforms to try to undermine the tests. We will be

:13:47. > :13:49.talking much more about that. And if your child is taking SATs

:13:50. > :13:52.this week at their primary school, Do get in touch with us throughout

:13:53. > :14:02.the morning - use the hashtag If you text, you will be

:14:03. > :14:06.charged at the standard Olly Foster has the sport now

:14:07. > :14:10.and a big night of football It promises to be an emotional

:14:11. > :14:15.night in East London. West Ham play their last competitive

:14:16. > :14:17.match at Upton Park. Manchester United are the visitors -

:14:18. > :14:20.United won there in the Cup last month, but three points tonight

:14:21. > :14:23.would take them into the top four Not so much riding on the result

:14:24. > :14:27.for the Hammers but of course, wouldn't they love to go out

:14:28. > :14:30.on a high. They move into the Olympic Stadium

:14:31. > :14:33.next season but their manager has admitted that it

:14:34. > :14:35.is going to be very, very hard to recreate the atmosphere

:14:36. > :14:48.of the Boleyn Ground that makes it You are losing something. It is

:14:49. > :14:59.going to be impossible to make the fortress of the Olympic Stadium

:15:00. > :15:03.because that little bit of a hostile atmosphere, a bit intimidating for

:15:04. > :15:08.away teams. Forget about it, no chance. Tuesday we have to play

:15:09. > :15:15.against an opponent who says goodbye to the stadium, so they don't want

:15:16. > :15:21.to lose in the old stadium. They have already lost against Manchester

:15:22. > :15:26.United in the last FA Cup match. That is also his story. So, yes,

:15:27. > :15:29.that is not good for us, and West Ham is a very good team.

:15:30. > :15:33.You may have seen across the BBC, a special report about the rise

:15:34. > :15:36.With massive government support they aim to be a world superpower

:15:37. > :15:39.by 2050, and their domestic teams can already compete financially

:15:40. > :15:43.The Executive Chairman of the Premier League thinks it can

:15:44. > :15:55.The more domestic football in any country grows, the better it is for

:15:56. > :15:59.us. There are examples all over the world where the domestic league is

:16:00. > :16:03.much stronger than we are and we are happy to be number two, our clubs

:16:04. > :16:06.are happy to be involved. It is fantastic for football if a country

:16:07. > :16:09.as big as China wants to get ahold of it and grab it and embrace and

:16:10. > :16:13.take on the world's game. Aljaz Bedene and Johana Konta

:16:14. > :16:15.play their first round matches Heather Watson is already

:16:16. > :16:18.through to the second round after an impressive win

:16:19. > :16:21.against top 20 player Sara Errani, It went to three sets

:16:22. > :16:32.but Watson took the decider. She faces the Czech Barbora Strycova

:16:33. > :16:34.next. There was a team bronze

:16:35. > :16:36.for Great Britain on the opening night of the European Aquatics

:16:37. > :16:38.Championships in London. Matty Lee and Georgia Ward finished

:16:39. > :16:41.behind Russia and Ukraine. Let's just return to football

:16:42. > :16:43.because Burnley's big night They won the Championship title

:16:44. > :16:52.on Saturday, but had to wait until last night at their town hall

:16:53. > :16:56.to receive the trophy and medals except there were only 25 to give

:16:57. > :16:59.out and the club put 27 players forward, one of those to miss

:17:00. > :17:04.out was Joey Barton, their player of the season

:17:05. > :17:06.who didn't seem best The club took the blame,

:17:07. > :17:20.saying their was an Of all the players to upset!

:17:21. > :17:22.It shouldn't be Joey bart onl! That's all your sport for now. I

:17:23. > :17:26.will be back in half an hour. Should our government target

:17:27. > :17:30.suspected terrorists thousands of miles away,

:17:31. > :17:32.using drone strikes? MPs are concerned that such attacks

:17:33. > :17:34.outside warzones could fall foul of international law and even lead

:17:35. > :17:37.to the prosecution The cross party group of MPs

:17:38. > :17:44.on the Joint Committee on Human Rights says the Government

:17:45. > :17:46.needs to explain the legal basis It comes after this man,

:17:47. > :17:50.Reyaad Khan, a British member of the so-called Islamic State

:17:51. > :17:53.group, was killed by an RAF drone Informing parliament of the death,

:17:54. > :17:57.David Cameron said the 21-year-old from Cardiff had been

:17:58. > :18:00.plotting "barbaric" attacks. Both Junaid Hassan and Reyaad Khan

:18:01. > :18:04.were British nationals based in Syria who were involved

:18:05. > :18:09.in actively recruiting Isil sympathisers and seeking

:18:10. > :18:11.to orchestrate specific and barbaric attacks against the West,

:18:12. > :18:15.including directing a number of planned terrorist attacks right

:18:16. > :18:19.here in Britain, such as plots to attack high-profile public

:18:20. > :18:21.commemorations including those We should be under no

:18:22. > :18:30.illusion their intention So on this occasion

:18:31. > :18:43.we ourselves took action. Well, that was David Cameron after

:18:44. > :18:47.that attack. Harriet Harman is a Labour MP

:18:48. > :18:49.and the Chair of the Joint Jennifer Gibson is a lawyer

:18:50. > :18:53.who leads Reprieve's work with families of people killed

:18:54. > :18:55.by drones in Pakistan. Colonel Richard Kemp is a former

:18:56. > :18:59.commander of British forces in Afghanistan and supports

:19:00. > :19:05.the use of drones. Thank you all for coming in.

:19:06. > :19:11.Harriet, first of all, was this attack legal? Well, I think that

:19:12. > :19:17.without those proper scrutiny afterwards and without the

:19:18. > :19:20.Government being clear about what the legal framework is, there is a

:19:21. > :19:23.concern that there isn't a proper legal basis and that's what our

:19:24. > :19:27.committee said. Nobody wants the Government to be standing by ringing

:19:28. > :19:31.their hands not taking action if a terrorist abroad is planning a

:19:32. > :19:35.brutal and barbaric attack on us here at home, but nor do we want,

:19:36. > :19:40.when there is a killing in cold blood, a planned killing, for them

:19:41. > :19:45.to not make sure that they are complying with the law. So the way

:19:46. > :19:49.to do that, it might be to have a clear legal framework, but to have

:19:50. > :19:52.scrutiny by the Intelligence and Security Committee afterwards. In

:19:53. > :19:58.this case, the Government says there was a direct threat, a barbaric

:19:59. > :20:04.attack was being planned? You talk about it as being an attack in cold

:20:05. > :20:07.blood? Well, it was because he was targeted on a list, but I think that

:20:08. > :20:11.what we've said is the Government have said they are going to be doing

:20:12. > :20:16.more of these possibly if they feel it is necessary in say Libya or

:20:17. > :20:19.Yemen and Somalia and if they're going to do that, there needs to be

:20:20. > :20:23.some independent check afterwards and there is this committee called

:20:24. > :20:26.the Intelligence and Security Committee which actually is security

:20:27. > :20:30.cleared so it can look at secret information to say was the

:20:31. > :20:34.intelligence services information right? Was this the right person

:20:35. > :20:37.that they actually did kill? Was it necessary? I think we need that

:20:38. > :20:41.independent check because if you're taking a life, if the State is

:20:42. > :20:44.taking a life, even to protect lives, it is a serious matter and

:20:45. > :20:49.there needs to be an independent check afterwards. So where would you

:20:50. > :20:55.draw the line? You say that there could be similar drone attacks in

:20:56. > :21:00.Libya, Yemen, Somalia. Would you accept drone attacks in those

:21:01. > :21:04.countries or others provided there is a very clear case that can be

:21:05. > :21:08.made that whoever is attacked is posing a direct threat? Well, our

:21:09. > :21:12.Government is under a legal duty actually to protect our lives so

:21:13. > :21:15.actually they are under a legal duty if somebody is going to kill people

:21:16. > :21:19.in this country to take that action, but they need to take that action

:21:20. > :21:24.within the law and one of the reasons is... Can there ever be

:21:25. > :21:28.clarity within the law though? I think there can be. One of the

:21:29. > :21:31.things that changed. It used to be the case there was an easy division

:21:32. > :21:35.between law in relation to war where that's a broad and there is a

:21:36. > :21:41.foreign state and you're fighting a war and there is laws apply to that,

:21:42. > :21:45.if it is here at crime, it is crime and it is terrorism, but things have

:21:46. > :21:48.changed with new technology which allows terrorists to plan attacks in

:21:49. > :21:56.this country from hundreds of thousands of miles away and also

:21:57. > :22:00.with the rise of Isil Daesh who are not a State, but they are a threat.

:22:01. > :22:03.We say the Government should go to the European Council and the UN and

:22:04. > :22:06.say there is a change in the circumstances. Let's make sure the

:22:07. > :22:11.legal framework allows us to protect our people, but within the law. What

:22:12. > :22:15.about bringing someone to justice? Well, if they can't bring someone to

:22:16. > :22:19.justice because they can't arrest them, because it would not be safe

:22:20. > :22:24.to be able for our armed forces to do that, then they are entitled

:22:25. > :22:28.under law to actually kill them to prevent them killing us, but we have

:22:29. > :22:33.got to be sure that actually that intelligence is right, not least

:22:34. > :22:36.because if our military kills somebody abroad, then actually they

:22:37. > :22:39.could still be vulnerable to a charge of murder unless they have

:22:40. > :22:44.got a proper legal defence. Murder is the one crime where even if you

:22:45. > :22:48.do it abroad, you can still be prosecuted for that offence in this

:22:49. > :22:51.country. So unless they get the legal basis right, the military

:22:52. > :22:54.carrying out their orders are vulnerable to a charge of murder and

:22:55. > :22:58.we wouldn't want that. Are you concerned about that? Yes, I

:22:59. > :23:02.think the report raises some very good points and I don't disagree

:23:03. > :23:07.with anything that Harriet says here. We shouldn't forget that there

:23:08. > :23:10.are people in various parts of the world, not just in places where

:23:11. > :23:14.we're physically fighting them. There are people who want to kill

:23:15. > :23:18.our citizens either here at home or elsewhere and it is the Government's

:23:19. > :23:22.duty to prevent that happening, ideally in a foreign country the

:23:23. > :23:25.Government should do, should use its influence and power to persuade that

:23:26. > :23:28.country to take action, that's the ideal situation. Where it can't,

:23:29. > :23:32.then it has to take action otherwise that might be by a drone strike. It

:23:33. > :23:36.might be by a special forces raid, it could be by a fixed wing, a

:23:37. > :23:40.manned aircraft strike, but the Government does have a

:23:41. > :23:43.responsibility to do that. Is it something that concerns people

:23:44. > :23:47.operating in the military that they may face charges? I think it does.

:23:48. > :23:50.It is not just drone pilots and people that order drone strikes that

:23:51. > :23:56.are worried, it is given the vast number of investigations that have

:23:57. > :23:59.been taking place over Iraq and now Afghanistan into so-called illegal

:24:00. > :24:03.activity by British forces, many of which are falsified, but it does

:24:04. > :24:06.cause great concern among them. Many British troops feel that they are

:24:07. > :24:11.don't necessarily have the protection. So I think the measures

:24:12. > :24:14.that Harriet's committee is proposing, that the Government

:24:15. > :24:18.imposes far greater clarity on what it is actually planning to do and

:24:19. > :24:21.subject itself to scrutiny, I think is important, but that scrutiny, it

:24:22. > :24:26.is a difficult issue because, of course, a lot of the basis for these

:24:27. > :24:29.drone strikes are based on secret intelligence which even some of the

:24:30. > :24:34.scrutiny committees may not be able to have access to perhaps until long

:24:35. > :24:37.after the event. It is a difficult and complicated area, but I think it

:24:38. > :24:41.does require clarification. Does that mean you could ever get the

:24:42. > :24:45.sort of clarity that you want? Well, I think you could. We're not the

:24:46. > :24:48.only country facing this new situation with terrorists

:24:49. > :24:52.threatening us from abroad using new technology and the rise of Isil

:24:53. > :24:56.Daesh, so I do think that there should be an international

:24:57. > :24:59.discussion about whether we need a reviewed legal framework because of

:25:00. > :25:02.the new circumstances in which we're trying to protect ourselves, but the

:25:03. > :25:07.Intelligence and Security Committee, which is a committee of MPs, they

:25:08. > :25:11.are MPs which have been security cleared so they should be allowed to

:25:12. > :25:14.see the most secret and highest level of information. And the

:25:15. > :25:19.Intelligence and Security Committee, we're suggesting, should be able to

:25:20. > :25:23.look any time that the military outside of where there is a war

:25:24. > :25:27.going on, if we're not at war, but they kill somebody who is a danger

:25:28. > :25:31.to us, the Intelligence and Security Committee must be able to go through

:25:32. > :25:34.it because what we don't want is standards to slipment we all know

:25:35. > :25:38.that if you know somebody is looking over your shoulder at some future

:25:39. > :25:42.time, you are more careful about making absolutely sure what you're

:25:43. > :25:45.doing is right. Jennifer, you are a lawyer, you work with Reprieve, you

:25:46. > :25:47.represent families of people who have been killed by drone attacks

:25:48. > :25:53.and you gave evidence to the committee. What is your prospective

:25:54. > :25:57.on whether there is clarity? I think the JCH is right to be concerned

:25:58. > :26:01.both about the UK's position and a lack of position they seem to have

:26:02. > :26:05.taken. We have seen with the US programme which has been going on

:26:06. > :26:09.now for over eight years, a complete lack of any transparency around

:26:10. > :26:13.where the strikes are happening, who has been killed and under what legal

:26:14. > :26:17.framework. That confuse around the legal framework led to potentially

:26:18. > :26:22.as 25% of those being killed as civilians. Without any

:26:23. > :26:24.accountability and it has created massive amounts of kind of

:26:25. > :26:29.resentment on the ground in these countries where the strikes are

:26:30. > :26:32.going on and you now have US generals coming out saying the

:26:33. > :26:35.programme is a failed strategy. It is counter productive to take the

:26:36. > :26:39.targeted strikes against terrorists outside of war zones and yet what

:26:40. > :26:44.you now have here in the UK... But if it is taking out people who are a

:26:45. > :26:47.direct threat and Harriet Harman was talking about the responsibility of

:26:48. > :26:51.governments to protect their citizens, why is it a failed

:26:52. > :26:53.strategy? Because there was no transparency and no check on what

:26:54. > :26:58.the Government was doing and it became a slippery slope. It stopped

:26:59. > :27:02.being a programme targeting those who are facing an imminent direct

:27:03. > :27:06.threat to the US and became about targeting anyone who posed maybe any

:27:07. > :27:09.threat and the intelligence, the basis and the strength of the

:27:10. > :27:13.intelligence has proven to be very weakment they were willing to take

:27:14. > :27:16.strikes on weak or non-existent intelligence where they were killing

:27:17. > :27:21.people they didn't even know what or who they were on the ground based on

:27:22. > :27:24.signatures which are effectively patterns of behaviour, there is one

:27:25. > :27:30.of the leaks from inside the CIA was that at one point the CIA director

:27:31. > :27:34.used to see three men in a field doing jumping jacks and thought it

:27:35. > :27:37.was a terrorist training camp and he would take a strike. That's why

:27:38. > :27:41.accountability is so important. If the UK is going to go down this road

:27:42. > :27:46.of engaging in targeted strikes like the US, there has from the out set

:27:47. > :27:51.be a clear policy that sets out the legal framework in which the strikes

:27:52. > :27:53.will be taken and proper accountability mechanisms to prevent

:27:54. > :28:00.the failed strategy that the US is dealing with. The MoD said, "We will

:28:01. > :28:03.take lawful action to address it and report to Parliament after we have

:28:04. > :28:07.done so. Such actions are only to be carried out as a last resort when

:28:08. > :28:11.all other options have been exhausted and we would always do so

:28:12. > :28:15.in accordance with international humanitarian law. We will provide a

:28:16. > :28:21.fuller response to the report in due course." Presumably your concerns

:28:22. > :28:27.are what was outlined there by Jennifer about not getting to that

:28:28. > :28:31.stage. Are you comfortable that we are far enough away from the sort of

:28:32. > :28:36.scenarios that Jennifer was outlining and doing the right things

:28:37. > :28:44.to make sure that doesn't happen? Well, no, I'm not, for two reasons.

:28:45. > :28:49.There isn't any independent check-up afterwards and in order to comply

:28:50. > :28:51.with law, you have to have an independent check-up afterwards, but

:28:52. > :28:55.we're helping the Americans with what they're doing by sharing

:28:56. > :28:58.intelligence and giving them intelligence about people that they

:28:59. > :29:03.feel are a danger and allowing them to use our air bases for their drone

:29:04. > :29:07.strikes. Now, if you're helping somebody do something, you are

:29:08. > :29:10.sharing the responsibility and complicit with that if it is wrong

:29:11. > :29:15.and therefore, we need to be sure that what we're doing to help the

:29:16. > :29:18.Americans is also lawful and that's something also that the Intelligence

:29:19. > :29:22.Intelligence and Security Committee should be looking at. Nobody wants

:29:23. > :29:25.people in this country to be killed because our Government fails to act.

:29:26. > :29:29.But if they're killing people in cold blood, in a place where we're

:29:30. > :29:33.not at war, they're taking a life. It is really serious. And they must

:29:34. > :29:39.be sure they get it right. For the Government to say, "We act within

:29:40. > :29:42.the law." That's not good enough. It is not lawful just because the

:29:43. > :29:45.Government say it is lawful, they have got to set out what they

:29:46. > :29:50.believe to be the legal framework to be in a clear and unconfused way and

:29:51. > :30:00.they haven't done that so far. Thank you all very much. Thank you.

:30:01. > :30:03.Coming up, Melanie Road's murderer has been jailed for life after an

:30:04. > :30:07.investigation lasting more than three decades. We will speak to a

:30:08. > :30:09.police officer who worked on the case.

:30:10. > :30:10.And the five-year-olds with tooth decay.

:30:11. > :30:13.We'll ask why so many young children are affected and what can be

:30:14. > :30:26.Ben Brown is in the BBC Newsroom with a summary of today's news.

:30:27. > :30:29.One of the leading members of the campaign to leave the EU,

:30:30. > :30:32.Iain Duncan Smith, says Germany had a virtual veto over

:30:33. > :30:35.David Cameron's demands during his EU referendum negotiations.

:30:36. > :30:40.Mr Duncan Smith says the Prime Minister was forced

:30:41. > :30:43.to abandon plans for an emergency brake on migration at the last

:30:44. > :30:46.minute because Germany wouldn't back it.

:30:47. > :30:51.Downing Street says Mr Cameron found a "more effective" way forward.

:30:52. > :30:54.One person has been killed and three seriously injured after a man

:30:55. > :30:56.attacked commuters with a knife at a train station

:30:57. > :31:09.The incident happened in Grafing, east of Munich, shortly before 5am.

:31:10. > :31:11.The man reportedly shouted "Allahu Akbar" during the attack.

:31:12. > :31:13.Police say they have arrested a 27-year-old German national

:31:14. > :31:14.suspected of carrying out the attack.

:31:15. > :31:17.The legal case for the use of drone strikes against so-called

:31:18. > :31:18.Islamic State terrorists needs urgent clarification,

:31:19. > :31:25.A report from the Joint Committee on Human Rights says

:31:26. > :31:28.the Government's policy on the use of military force outside of armed

:31:29. > :31:38.It follows the killing of a British citizen who was fighting

:31:39. > :31:43.for IS in Syria by an RAF drone last year.

:31:44. > :31:49.A source at the Department for Education has told the BBC that a

:31:50. > :31:52.rogue marker tried to lead the content of the grammar, punctuation

:31:53. > :31:54.and spelling test that was being taken by all ten and 11-year-old

:31:55. > :31:59.children in England this morning. The answers appeared

:32:00. > :32:04.on a password-protected website and the Department says

:32:05. > :32:07.the test can still go ahead as it hadn't gotten

:32:08. > :32:10.into the public domain. It's the second mistake

:32:11. > :32:20.involving SATs papers Police are offering a reward of

:32:21. > :32:26.nearly ?10,000 in the search for Ben Needham, the Sheffield toddler who

:32:27. > :32:28.disappeared on the Greek island of Kos in 1991.

:32:29. > :32:31.Despite hundreds of reported sightings over the years, Ben,

:32:32. > :32:34.who would now be aged 26, has not been found.

:32:35. > :32:37.This morning police made a fresh appeal the information at the

:32:38. > :32:40.farmhouse where he was last seen. That's a summary of the latest BBC

:32:41. > :32:43.News - more at 10am. Olly Foster now has the morning's

:32:44. > :32:45.sport headlines now. West Ham play their last competitive

:32:46. > :32:54.match at Upton Park tonight. They move into the Olympic Stadium

:32:55. > :32:59.next season but their manager Slaven Bilic has admitted

:33:00. > :33:02.that it is going to be very hard to recreate the atmosphere

:33:03. > :33:05.of the Boleyn Ground that makes it Manchester United will be

:33:06. > :33:08.the last to experience it. They won there in the Cup last

:33:09. > :33:13.month, but three points tonight would take them into the top four

:33:14. > :33:17.in the league. The executive chairman

:33:18. > :33:19.of the Premier League thinks the rise of football in China can

:33:20. > :33:22.only be beneficial for the game. A special report by the BBC has

:33:23. > :33:26.revealed the country's aim to be Heather Watson is through to

:33:27. > :33:30.the second round of the Italian Open after an impressive win against top

:33:31. > :33:32.20 player Sara Errani. Aljaz Bedene and Johanna Konta play

:33:33. > :33:35.in the first round today. There was a team bronze

:33:36. > :33:38.for Great Britain on the opening night of the European Aquatics

:33:39. > :33:41.Championships in London. Matty Lee and Georgia Ward finished

:33:42. > :33:45.behind Russia and Ukraine And I will have a full update in the

:33:46. > :33:51.next hour. It took more than 30

:33:52. > :33:53.years for Melanie Road's It was back in 1984

:33:54. > :33:57.that the teenager from Bath was murdered as she walked home

:33:58. > :34:04.from a nightclub near her home. Her killer, Christopher Hampton,

:34:05. > :34:06.was not caught, and for decades he must have thought

:34:07. > :34:09.he'd got away with it. That was until his daughter

:34:10. > :34:13.was arrested on a minor charge years later and a DNA test on her showed

:34:14. > :34:15.similarities with DNA found Yesterday 64-year-old Hampton

:34:16. > :34:20.pleaded guilty to her murder and was sentenced to life

:34:21. > :34:23.with a minimum term of 22 years. Melanie's mother Jean Road said

:34:24. > :34:25.she thought the day I never did think she

:34:26. > :34:34.would ever find him. I can't remember the exact words

:34:35. > :34:37.but I do now remember saying And somehow they convinced me,

:34:38. > :34:45.yes, but it is when we finally went to the court in Bath and I saw this

:34:46. > :34:50.man standing and I thought, Then I realised that his wife

:34:51. > :35:02.and his daughter were sitting behind me, both blonde hair,

:35:03. > :35:08.the same as Melanie. How could he do that to somebody,

:35:09. > :35:13.and then live with people like that I always said if I got hold of him

:35:14. > :35:33.I'd strangle him or stick a knife into him and that is how I felt,

:35:34. > :35:36.but I wouldn't even use I feel he should be shut up

:35:37. > :35:40.in a dungeon like they used to in the olden days

:35:41. > :35:44.and just left to rot, because he's not

:35:45. > :35:48.worth looking after. I know that's against the law,

:35:49. > :35:51.but I can think that. Detective Chief Inspector

:35:52. > :36:02.Julie Mackay is from Avon She has been working on the case

:36:03. > :36:11.for the last seven years. Thank you very much for joining us

:36:12. > :36:16.this morning. Just an extraordinary story, you started working on the

:36:17. > :36:21.case on the 25th anniversary of the murder. Complete chance in the end

:36:22. > :36:25.led to this case being cracked, when his daughter had her DNA tested for

:36:26. > :36:31.something else completely unrelated. Tell us about that moment, for you,

:36:32. > :36:35.when that DNA match was flagged up? You can imagine, I had been working

:36:36. > :36:40.on the case the six, nearly seven years, and I had consistently been

:36:41. > :36:46.trying to find a match through the DNA, that was our best evidence that

:36:47. > :36:49.we had. When I got the phone call to say that we finally had won, I just

:36:50. > :36:55.thought about Melanie, because that is what it was all about, after all

:36:56. > :36:59.those years, 31 years, it was about finding the person who had done this

:37:00. > :37:04.to her, and we found him. If Christopher Hampton's daughter had

:37:05. > :37:08.not given that DNA sample when she received a caution for criminal

:37:09. > :37:11.damage in 2014, might the case never have been solved? There is

:37:12. > :37:15.speculation about that but I always believed, from the day I started

:37:16. > :37:19.investigating it, that we would solve it. I can't explain why that

:37:20. > :37:24.is but I always had a good feeling I would would -- I would find who was

:37:25. > :37:28.responsible and I did everything I could and used every opportunity I

:37:29. > :37:31.could to achieve that, so I think eventually I would have found. I

:37:32. > :37:37.don't doubt how but I think I would have found him. It was a brutal

:37:38. > :37:42.murder, Melanie was just 17 and was stabbed 26 times, the judge said it

:37:43. > :38:03.was for sexual gratification. You obviously have looked to see

:38:04. > :38:06.whether he might have done anything else, have you turned up anything

:38:07. > :38:09.else? No, nothing at all. As you would expect, when he gets arrested

:38:10. > :38:11.we take is DNA, it is loaded onto the national database and

:38:12. > :38:13.automatically compared against all crime scenes nationally. We also

:38:14. > :38:16.have the opportunity to load partial profiles and I know that has been

:38:17. > :38:18.done. There is nothing that we have, either information or evidence, to

:38:19. > :38:21.link him to other crimes. It appears he has led 32 years of doing nothing

:38:22. > :38:24.else. What was he like when you arrested him? Very calm, I think he

:38:25. > :38:27.knew on that day. His wife had said to him, I will see you later, and he

:38:28. > :38:31.said, no, you won't. She said, I will see you tomorrow, and he said,

:38:32. > :38:36.no, you won't. At that moment he knew he would never go home again.

:38:37. > :38:40.Do you see in key had always been waiting for a knock on the door? How

:38:41. > :38:52.could you not, how could you have done something like that and not

:38:53. > :38:54.think that finally... Or maybe he had become so complacently thought

:38:55. > :38:57.we wouldn't. I don't know, he has never spoken, I don't know his view

:38:58. > :38:59.on it. Did he say anything, what happened in the interviews? Nothing

:39:00. > :39:02.at all, gave a prepared statement denying he was responsible and said

:39:03. > :39:08.no comment all questions. He did not speak in court other than to plead

:39:09. > :39:14.not guilty, no account whatsoever. Melanie's mum Jean says he is a

:39:15. > :39:17.monster. How do you see him? I can understand why Jean says that, what

:39:18. > :39:21.he did was brutal, brutal, and Melanie did not deserve that. I

:39:22. > :39:25.don't understand what on earth possessed him to do that, to behave

:39:26. > :39:31.like that, but Melanie, nobody deserved to be subjected to that.

:39:32. > :39:34.Jean is 81 and feared she would die without seeking justice happen. I

:39:35. > :39:40.just want to read the victim impact statement from Jean. She says:

:39:41. > :39:43.Sleep was interrupted with constant nightmares.

:39:44. > :39:46.I wandered aimlessly through the streets of Bath hoping

:39:47. > :39:50.Searching the places we had visited together.

:39:51. > :39:53.Where Melanie's blood was spilled, I prayed that it would not

:39:54. > :39:56.rain to wash it away, and when it did I cursed the rain

:39:57. > :40:00.I felt even the weather was against Melanie and the family.

:40:01. > :40:04.We sat for hours traumatised by the horror of knowing Melanie

:40:05. > :40:09.To never see her beautiful smile and girlish laughter

:40:10. > :40:15.My husband refused to talk to me about Melanie.

:40:16. > :40:17.I never knew if he discussed his feelings with anyone else

:40:18. > :40:23.Therefore it was inevitable that we drifted apart.

:40:24. > :40:26.Sadly Melanie's father, my husband, now lives in a haze of dementia

:40:27. > :40:42.What was it like when you could finally tell her that you had found

:40:43. > :40:46.the man that had done that to the family? It was an amazing day,

:40:47. > :40:51.definitely one of the best days of my policing career, to be able to

:40:52. > :40:55.speak to Jean and say, at last, we have found him. We knew how much it

:40:56. > :40:59.would mean to her, and to Adrian and Karen, although they would never,

:41:00. > :41:03.ever be able to move away from what had happened, at least this part

:41:04. > :41:11.gives them some answers. Do you have any wider thoughts on the DNA

:41:12. > :41:18.database and testing for it? Because it was a random element that ended

:41:19. > :41:21.up with his daughter's DNA being tested, and that's leading to the

:41:22. > :41:26.match. Do you think there should perhaps be more widespread testing

:41:27. > :41:31.when DNA obviously can potentially unlock a case like this? It is

:41:32. > :41:38.difficult to balance what is available to us through science, to

:41:39. > :41:41.balance what is available to us through funding, it would cost a lot

:41:42. > :41:45.of money to do this, and also against the desire to have justice

:41:46. > :41:51.for any unsolved crime. In this case, Melanie Road, and for some

:41:52. > :41:57.others as well that I have been involved in. I think what we have to

:41:58. > :42:01.do is look at each investigation and identify what is the most efficient

:42:02. > :42:07.and effective way to identify the offender, and if that is through

:42:08. > :42:11.mass DNA testing them I am all for it, but it is hard, it is something

:42:12. > :42:15.that takes a lot of resources and we need a lot of support to do it, so

:42:16. > :42:19.it is not an easy route to take and if there were other ways of

:42:20. > :42:22.achieving it then naturally we take them, but whatever it takes

:42:23. > :42:30.hopefully, usually, we get there. What will stay with you from this

:42:31. > :42:35.case? That is a hard question. I think the satisfaction that I was

:42:36. > :42:41.the one who found him, the satisfaction that Jean and Karen and

:42:42. > :42:48.Adrian finally know who was responsible, that means so much to

:42:49. > :42:52.them. And really, finally, for Melanie, that even after 32 years

:42:53. > :42:59.the person who did this to her has been caught. DCI Julie Mackay, thank

:43:00. > :43:03.you very much for joining us this morning.

:43:04. > :43:08.Figures out this morning have shown the number of five-year-olds with

:43:09. > :43:12.rotten teeth has fallen but there are still big regional variations.

:43:13. > :43:14.The latest information comes from Public Health England.

:43:15. > :43:15.We'll be speaking to them in a moment.

:43:16. > :43:18.It's a story we've covered on this programme before when it emerged

:43:19. > :43:21.that dental decay is the biggest single reason for five

:43:22. > :43:22.to nine-year-olds being admitted to hospital.

:43:23. > :43:25.We heard from mother-of-two Dr Rachel Maynard who said

:43:26. > :43:27.she was shocked and embarrassed after discovering her five-year-old

:43:28. > :43:38.You want your child to become independent and be able to do these

:43:39. > :43:41.things, so we tried to supervise his teeth brushing but we were letting

:43:42. > :43:46.him do a lot of it himself. So the issue was the teeth at the back that

:43:47. > :43:48.were difficult to get to? And especially the upper ones, children

:43:49. > :43:53.often don't think about the upper ones when they are doing the bottom

:43:54. > :43:58.teeth. What did it mean for Emily? We haven't had the same problems,

:43:59. > :44:04.they have a very similar diet, obviously, and teeth brushing we

:44:05. > :44:08.have done the same. But I think it is obviously different from child to

:44:09. > :44:12.child to how their teeth are affected by it. Sam has a slightly

:44:13. > :44:17.sweeter tooth, he likes his sweet food slightly more than Emily does.

:44:18. > :44:21.It is difficult, because it is finding things that they can eat

:44:22. > :44:24.that are good for their diet but not bad for their teeth. Because the

:44:25. > :44:31.teeth are at the back, could you even see what was going on? I had no

:44:32. > :44:35.idea. When was the first union? When the dentist showed me with the

:44:36. > :44:39.mirror. They were very badly decayed, I was shocked and upset

:44:40. > :44:44.that they were as bad as they were. It is difficult, you cannot see into

:44:45. > :44:47.the back of the property is very easily, and I assumed that they

:44:48. > :44:51.would look similar to the ones at the bottom, which you can see much

:44:52. > :44:56.more easily, but they were bad and I was surprised. So he is now

:44:57. > :44:59.waiting... Yes, to have two teeth taken out. You would presumably

:45:00. > :45:03.advise parents to check with the Mirror? I was certainly very

:45:04. > :45:08.surprised how different the bottom and the top could be. Then things

:45:09. > :45:14.like making sure you are brushing your child's teeth, which we did do

:45:15. > :45:19.at times, when we allowed him to brushes own teeth, and the other

:45:20. > :45:25.thing is going to the dentist sooner than we did. When we took Emily at a

:45:26. > :45:29.similar age, slightly younger, there were no problems and they said, that

:45:30. > :45:33.is fine, comeback in a period of time, but each child is different

:45:34. > :45:34.and when we went for Sam's appointment things were bad compared

:45:35. > :45:40.with when we took a minute. Dr Sandra White, from

:45:41. > :45:52.Public Health England is here. Tell us what the figures are? So the

:45:53. > :45:56.report is good news. We have found that less than a quarter of the

:45:57. > :46:00.children examined, the five-year-old children, had got dental decay.

:46:01. > :46:05.Although one in four children with dental decay is too many, one child

:46:06. > :46:09.with dental decay is too many. That's an improvement from where we

:46:10. > :46:11.were looking at the same sort of methods from 2008 when there was a

:46:12. > :46:17.third of the children with dental decay. When you say it is good news

:46:18. > :46:20.that one in four, five-year-olds have got dental decay, it doesn't

:46:21. > :46:25.sound like that on the face of it. The trend is downwards. Why is that?

:46:26. > :46:31.That is happening? People are more aware of what causes dental decay.

:46:32. > :46:36.Parents and society are away of the impact of sugar on teeth. People are

:46:37. > :46:40.more aware of how protective fluid can be, so fluoride toothpaste so

:46:41. > :46:45.that collective knowledge helps that people are trying to avoid sugary,

:46:46. > :46:49.particularly sugary drinks for children. A lot of the proportion of

:46:50. > :46:55.the sugar, they are having three times the amount of sugar that they

:46:56. > :46:59.shouldn't behaving. What have the trends been over the years? Have the

:47:00. > :47:04.figures got worse before they got better? It has been a steady

:47:05. > :47:10.downward trend. From a methodology from 2008, we have had a three

:47:11. > :47:14.points now where the dental decay has gone down from a third of our

:47:15. > :47:18.five-year-olds to a quarter of our five-year-olds. We have still got to

:47:19. > :47:23.make sure we continue to try and ensure that no child gets dental

:47:24. > :47:27.decay. Where do you point the finer of responsibility, is it parents not

:47:28. > :47:30.cleaning their kids teeth or Government policy? It is everybody's

:47:31. > :47:33.business. Parents have a key role in this. They need to watch what their

:47:34. > :47:38.children are eating and particularly drinking. They need to encourage

:47:39. > :47:41.them to brush their teeth and help them, and brush their teeth

:47:42. > :47:45.themselves when they are young children with a thrur ride

:47:46. > :47:48.toothpaste. They need to ensure they get them to the dentist early. As

:47:49. > :47:53.the last lady was saying, before the age of one. As soon as the first

:47:54. > :47:59.tooth erupts, it needs to be brushed and get them to the dentist. Public

:48:00. > :48:02.Health England provided evidence based information for dentists to

:48:03. > :48:06.inform their patients. Our local authorities have got the

:48:07. > :48:12.responsibility for improving the population's dental health. There is

:48:13. > :48:16.a lot of interventions across the country around toothbrushing schemes

:48:17. > :48:23.and thrur ride varnish schemes to improve things of the it is

:48:24. > :48:31.everybody's business from health visitors and grandmas and grandpas,

:48:32. > :48:36.everybody. Will the sugar drinks tax make a difference? There was a

:48:37. > :48:38.report produced with eight recommendations alongside looking at

:48:39. > :48:43.the amount of marketing and advertising and reform lation, a

:48:44. > :48:47.sugar levy was in there as something that was evidence based and worked

:48:48. > :48:50.in other areas. So you like it. It is just for sugary drinks though, do

:48:51. > :48:54.you think it should be rolled out more? When you look at the

:48:55. > :48:58.proportion of where children get their sugar from. A huge proportion

:48:59. > :49:02.of their daily intake, if you look at children, is from sugary drinks.

:49:03. > :49:06.And fruit juices. It is really important we hit that first. In the

:49:07. > :49:10.end then, don't you just say to the parents actually, take

:49:11. > :49:14.responsibility, just don't wait for a sugary drinks tax, don't give your

:49:15. > :49:18.kids those drinks? Of course, it would be wonderful if everybody gave

:49:19. > :49:22.their children water and low-fat milks, that would be marvellous and

:49:23. > :49:26.made sure they had a healthy diet. The advertising and the marketing is

:49:27. > :49:30.attractive to parents. And you know, you have a child at the check-out

:49:31. > :49:34.that's asking for things and it is quite difficult sometimes for

:49:35. > :49:38.parents. I said, it is the rotten teeth is the biggest reason for

:49:39. > :49:44.children being admitted to hospital between five and nine. Is it the

:49:45. > :49:49.same for five-year-olds and under? Even before five, children are

:49:50. > :49:53.having general anaesthetics to have multiple teeth out. Sometimes we did

:49:54. > :49:56.a three-year-old survey a couple of years ago and that showed 12% of our

:49:57. > :50:01.three-year-olds and they have only just had their teeth through at

:50:02. > :50:05.three, are having dental decay and are having to have general

:50:06. > :50:08.anaesthetics and that's a tragedy because they will enter school

:50:09. > :50:11.without teeth or rotten teeth and that can affect how they socialise

:50:12. > :50:16.and talk and how they play with other children, it really does have

:50:17. > :50:22.an impact. Our faces are a mirror to us and if we smile with a nice

:50:23. > :50:24.smile, it makes a big difference when we start school. So it is

:50:25. > :50:35.important we get it right. Iain Duncan Smith claims David

:50:36. > :50:39.Cameron had to aban attempts to curb migrants from Europe. We will bring

:50:40. > :50:40.you his speech about why he believes Britain should leave the European

:50:41. > :50:59.Union. A source at the Department of

:51:00. > :51:03.Education said it believed a rogue marker briefly placed the test on a

:51:04. > :51:07.password frogted site to undermine Government reforms. The department

:51:08. > :51:09.says the integrity of the test has not been compromised and schools

:51:10. > :51:13.should deliver it as planned. Lucy Powell is the Shadow Education

:51:14. > :51:21.Secretary and she joins me now. What do you think? Should kids be

:51:22. > :51:25.sitting the test today after what happened? Look, they are sitting the

:51:26. > :51:30.test today, but it brings into serious question whether this test

:51:31. > :51:35.has got validity and whether it should be used going forward to hold

:51:36. > :51:40.schools and children to account because I think if there has been

:51:41. > :51:43.this serious security breach which there clearly has, it is hard to

:51:44. > :51:47.know, I think it is hard for the department to even know who had

:51:48. > :51:51.sight of the test beforehand with all the correct answers on there as

:51:52. > :51:58.well and whether it will have been used to help some children today,

:51:59. > :52:01.but I think it comes in a long line of frankly DIS asters that the

:52:02. > :52:06.Government have overseen with the SATs which is why we are seeing a

:52:07. > :52:09.loss of confidence amongst headteachers, teachers and parents

:52:10. > :52:18.where this year's SATs tests which is a huge regret. The Department for

:52:19. > :52:22.Education is suggesting it is deliberate sabotage. A source said,

:52:23. > :52:26."The test doesn't appear to have been leaked into the public domain,

:52:27. > :52:31.but a rogue marker attempted to leak the test contents. It is clear there

:52:32. > :52:37.is an active campaign by people opposed to our campaign to raise

:52:38. > :52:40.standards." What do you think if there was a campaign like that. What

:52:41. > :52:45.is clear, there is a huge loss of confidence in this year's SATs

:52:46. > :52:50.tests. Why is that? My own, our eldest child took his SATs tests

:52:51. > :52:53.last year and we all understood the SATs test last year and since then

:52:54. > :52:59.the Government have abandoned, they got rid of the old levels, those who

:53:00. > :53:05.have got parents in school that remember the 1A, 31, 4A, system of

:53:06. > :53:07.checking your child's progress through primary school. They got rid

:53:08. > :53:13.of that and replaced it with nothing. They brought in a new clum

:53:14. > :53:18.too quickly. -- curriculum too quickly. That's why the Government

:53:19. > :53:20.had to make 82 clarifications on this year's SATs tests since

:53:21. > :53:25.September. That's the equivalent of changing the goal posts every other

:53:26. > :53:30.working day since September. They, there was a leak of the Key Stage 1

:53:31. > :53:34.SATs tests. The spelling test that was due to be sat last week. So the

:53:35. > :53:39.Government had toy an don't that test. Nicky Morgan last weekend when

:53:40. > :53:44.she spoke to headteachers had to change the goal posts on how schools

:53:45. > :53:48.would be judged on SATs tests of the it is chaos out there in primary

:53:49. > :53:51.school at the moment and it is no wonder this loss of confidence is

:53:52. > :53:56.besetting the exams. You said you are a parent too. So you see this

:53:57. > :54:00.not just as Shadow Education Secretary, but also as a parent. Do

:54:01. > :54:03.you think kids are under too much pressure? Do you have sympathy with

:54:04. > :54:08.the parents that took their children out of school for a day in protest

:54:09. > :54:12.at this? I wouldn't condone any parent taking their children out of

:54:13. > :54:16.school for the day, but I do understand how difficult it is to

:54:17. > :54:21.prepare your child for tests when the goal posts are constantly

:54:22. > :54:25.changing. What we have been seeing with year's SATs tests is how

:54:26. > :54:30.unfamiliar the tests are to the children sitting they will. We heard

:54:31. > :54:33.with the reading test of the brightest kids really struggling

:54:34. > :54:39.with the test yesterday because tests are not about being so hard

:54:40. > :54:43.that no one can actually sit them, tests should be about putting to

:54:44. > :54:45.test the learning goals that you have abeen working towards

:54:46. > :54:48.throughout the school year and that's just not what's been

:54:49. > :54:50.happening. There has been a lot, hasn't there, about the sort of

:54:51. > :54:54.questions being asked. Even David Cameron was asked one of them in the

:54:55. > :54:56.Commons. You looked at the questions, can you answer them? Do

:54:57. > :55:00.you think the standards are too high for young kids? I don't think it is

:55:01. > :55:07.a question of whether the standards are high. I think this is a

:55:08. > :55:10.misnomer, it is a question of, are there understandable and consistent

:55:11. > :55:12.learning goals that are children are working towards and that they

:55:13. > :55:17.understand when they are reaching the goals and when they want to

:55:18. > :55:21.surpass the goals? The change isn't happening if it is being taught and

:55:22. > :55:25.there are tests, that's indicating, isn't it, certain goals and levels?

:55:26. > :55:27.Well, no, because what the Government have done is thrown the

:55:28. > :55:32.entire primary assessment system up in the air. They have replaced it

:55:33. > :55:38.with nothing. So they have anything but a robust assessment and testing

:55:39. > :55:43.regime at the moment because it is totally not being understood by

:55:44. > :55:47.teachers let alone parents. So it is really hard to give those clear

:55:48. > :55:51.learning goals throughout a child's school life and throughout their

:55:52. > :55:55.year 6 as is the case of the ten-year-olds today because the goal

:55:56. > :55:59.posts are constantly changing because ministers are directly

:56:00. > :56:03.meddling in the curriculum and in the SATs. In the spirit of trying to

:56:04. > :56:08.make it harder, but they are not making it harder, they are making it

:56:09. > :56:10.inpresent trable and incomprehensible and not

:56:11. > :56:14.understandable and therefore, kids are struggling to sit them. A

:56:15. > :56:20.spokesman for the Department for Education says the tests should not

:56:21. > :56:24.be be a cause of stress for pupils. The truth is if they don't master

:56:25. > :56:27.literacy and numeracy early on, they risk being held behind and

:56:28. > :56:31.struggling for the rest of their lives. We're determined to prevent

:56:32. > :56:36.this by helping every child reach their full potential? No one is a

:56:37. > :56:39.more pushy parent than me when it comes to wanting high expectations

:56:40. > :56:44.for all of our children and I would make no apology for that as well,

:56:45. > :56:49.but a robust assessment system has to be consistent. It has to be

:56:50. > :56:53.understandable. It has to have clear learning goals within it. So that

:56:54. > :56:57.children can stretch themselves and teachers can be stretching the

:56:58. > :57:04.children to meet the goals and you ask any headteacher at the moment in

:57:05. > :57:07.prime eand any teacher and everyone is stabbing in the dark as to what

:57:08. > :57:10.the levels are that are required. The Government has done this

:57:11. > :57:14.meddling consistently and throughout the year and it left the whole

:57:15. > :57:18.system in disarray. We teach our children, don't we, to apologise

:57:19. > :57:25.when they make mistake and I think ministers today, you know, given the

:57:26. > :57:29.extent of all these mistakes they have made with the SATs should

:57:30. > :57:33.apologise to the ten and 11-year-olds who they caused stress

:57:34. > :57:37.and anxiety to. Have you come across kids crying about this because they

:57:38. > :57:41.are so stressed? There are lots of stories just yesterday with the

:57:42. > :57:47.reading SATs test I have had people contact me from Manchester. We have

:57:48. > :57:51.seen lots of things being posted online about children, even the

:57:52. > :57:54.brightest children are struggling to even understand what was expected of

:57:55. > :57:58.them with this test yesterday. That's not what testing is about.

:57:59. > :58:02.Testing is about have I learned and achieved my learning goals for my

:58:03. > :58:06.primary school it is sn it is not about being presented with an

:58:07. > :58:09.unfamiliar test that you are struggling to even access because

:58:10. > :58:12.the Government have changed the goal posts all the way. Lucy Powell,

:58:13. > :58:16.thank you very much. Let's get the latest

:58:17. > :58:25.weather update with Carol. It has been so sunny, what's in

:58:26. > :58:29.store today? It lass been mixed fortunes. Now it is the turn of the

:58:30. > :58:32.north of the country to have the gorgeous sunny weather. Let me show

:58:33. > :58:36.you some pictures or BBC Weather Watchers sent N this is from the

:58:37. > :58:45.Isle of Skye. How idyllic does that look? Isn't it just perfect. It was

:58:46. > :58:51.the Isle of Skye's warmest May ever! That's a good stat. This is from

:58:52. > :58:56.Aberdeenshire. You can see the lovely blue sky. We have got the on

:58:57. > :59:01.shore breeze, so that's pegging the temperatures back a bit. Coming

:59:02. > :59:05.further south, talking about mixed fortunes, again from this morning,

:59:06. > :59:09.another picture of Durham. Fairly cloudy. We are looking at some rain.

:59:10. > :59:16.Rain in Windsor this morning and fairly cloudy. It looked like

:59:17. > :59:22.someone's car windscreen. It is. Well spotted. So it is mixed

:59:23. > :59:29.fortunes dead pend on where you are and that's going to be the story for

:59:30. > :59:32.the rest of the day. What we have today is mixed fortunes. In England

:59:33. > :59:34.and Wales, there is a lot of cloud. We've got rain and also some

:59:35. > :59:38.showers. There are some brighter skies as well. But where the sun

:59:39. > :59:42.comes out in the south for example, that will spark off some showers

:59:43. > :59:46.later on. They could be heavy and thundery through the afternoon. So

:59:47. > :59:49.we've got the rain moving slowly northwards and we ares wards. To the

:59:50. > :59:53.north of that, as we saw on the satellite picture, there is quite a

:59:54. > :59:56.bit of cloud across parts of Northern England. That could produce

:59:57. > :59:59.showers. We could see showers across Northern Ireland. For Scotland, it

:00:00. > :00:03.will be dry and here we will have the highest temperatures again. 24

:00:04. > :00:07.Celsius maybe 25 Celsius. Around the East Coast, we have got the on shore

:00:08. > :00:10.breeze taking the temperatures downment for Northern Ireland, and

:00:11. > :00:16.Northern England, again a fine day for most. But still that chill in

:00:17. > :00:20.the east with one or two showers. This a band of rain advancing

:00:21. > :00:24.northwards and towards the west and some of that will be heavy and

:00:25. > :00:28.thundery. And then as temperatures rise in the south-west, we're

:00:29. > :00:35.looking at some further torrential downpours which could be thundery.

:00:36. > :00:38.Something to be aware of. The showers, so not all of us will see

:00:39. > :00:43.them. We hang on to the rain band, but it is breaking up. For the north

:00:44. > :00:46.of the country, some clearer skies and mist and fog forming, but there

:00:47. > :00:52.will be a bit of coastal fog and hill fog along the South Coast for

:00:53. > :00:55.example. Now, through tomorrow, our whole system continues to move north

:00:56. > :00:58.and west, continuing to break up. There will be showers around, but

:00:59. > :01:02.there will be more sunshine where we've got the rain today and that's

:01:03. > :01:07.reflected in the temperatures. Still dry and sunny across the north of

:01:08. > :01:10.the country through Scotland and the west seeing the highest temperatures

:01:11. > :01:13.and still the easterly breeze down the East Coast taking the edge of

:01:14. > :01:17.the temperatures. For Thursday, a drier, and a brighter day. Still

:01:18. > :01:22.cooler with the breeze from the east. There will be sunshine around.

:01:23. > :01:26.We might catch the odd shower coming in across Cornwall and possibly

:01:27. > :01:30.Devon at times. Warming up in the south. A high of 24 Celsius.

:01:31. > :01:35.Temperatures will come down across the western Highlands. In Glasgow,

:01:36. > :01:39.for example, we are looking at 18 Celsius and Belfast 16 Celsius. Then

:01:40. > :01:44.as we go through the rest of the week, is this warm weather going to

:01:45. > :01:47.last? No, not for the weekend. We see this blue Huw return to the

:01:48. > :01:53.charts indicating temperatures are coming down, but only temporarily.

:01:54. > :01:56.Hello, it's 10am, I'm Joanna Gosling -

:01:57. > :01:58.welcome to the programme if you've just joined us.

:01:59. > :02:02.A senior Conservative - claims David Cameron had to abandon

:02:03. > :02:04.attempts to curb migration from Europe after protests

:02:05. > :02:09.Iain Duncan Smith will shortly make a speech about why he believes

:02:10. > :02:13.Britain should leave the European Union.

:02:14. > :02:24.Saps test being taken in English primary school survey is leaked

:02:25. > :02:30.online, officials launched a campaign and say -- Lodge and best

:02:31. > :02:31.edition adds a rogue marker determined to undermine the test is

:02:32. > :02:34.to blame. Should our Government target

:02:35. > :02:35.suspected terrorists thousands of miles away,

:02:36. > :02:37.using drone strikes? MPs are concerned that such attacks

:02:38. > :02:48.outside warzones could fall foul Was the intelligence service's

:02:49. > :02:54.information right? Was this the right person that they did kill? Was

:02:55. > :02:58.it necessary? I think we need that independent check because if the

:02:59. > :03:01.state is taking a life, even to protect lives, it is a serious

:03:02. > :03:09.matter and there needs to be an independent check afterwards.

:03:10. > :03:14.Here's Ben Brown in the BBC Newsroom with a summary of today's news.

:03:15. > :03:17.One of the leading members of the campaign to leave the EU,

:03:18. > :03:20.Iain Duncan Smith, says Germany had a virtual veto over David Cameron's

:03:21. > :03:24.demands during his EU referendum negotiations.

:03:25. > :03:26.Mr Duncan Smith says the Prime Minister was forced

:03:27. > :03:30.to abandon plans for an emergency brake on migration at the last

:03:31. > :03:32.minute because Germany would not back it.

:03:33. > :03:48.Downing Street says Mr Cameron found a "more effective" way forward.

:03:49. > :03:53.The Department for Education says it is urgently investigating the leak

:03:54. > :03:59.of a saps test for children aged ten and 11 in England.

:04:00. > :04:02.A source at the Department for Education has told the BBC that

:04:03. > :04:13.a 'rogue marker' leaked the answers to a SATs paper on grammar,

:04:14. > :04:16.punctuation and spelling online to undermine the tests and reforms.

:04:17. > :04:19.It's the second time that an upcoming SATs paper has been

:04:20. > :04:21.published online in the past three weeks.

:04:22. > :04:24.One person has been killed and three seriously injured after a man

:04:25. > :04:26.attacked commuters with a knife at a train station

:04:27. > :04:29.The incident happened in Grafing, east of Munich, shortly before 5am.

:04:30. > :04:32.The man reportedly shouted "Allahu Akbar" during the attack.

:04:33. > :04:34.Police say they have arrested a 27-year-old German national

:04:35. > :04:35.suspected of carrying out the attack.

:04:36. > :04:38.The legal case for the use of drone strikes against so-called

:04:39. > :04:39.Islamic State terrorists needs urgent clarification,

:04:40. > :04:43.A report from the Joint Committee on Human Rights says

:04:44. > :04:46.the Government's policy on the use of military force outside of armed

:04:47. > :04:50.It follows the killing of a British citizen who was fighting

:04:51. > :04:58.for IS in Syria by an RAF drone last year.

:04:59. > :05:01.Police are offering a reward of nearly ?10,000 in the search

:05:02. > :05:03.for Ben Needham, the toddler from Sheffield who disappeared

:05:04. > :05:08.Despite hundreds of reported sightings over the years, Ben,

:05:09. > :05:13.who would now be aged 26, has not been found.

:05:14. > :05:15.This morning officers from South Yorkshire Police made

:05:16. > :05:17.a new appeal for information at the farmhouse where

:05:18. > :05:24.The number of five-year-olds suffering from tooth decay

:05:25. > :05:28.in England has dropped to its lowest level in almost a decade but there

:05:29. > :05:32.The oral health survey for Publich Health England suggests

:05:33. > :05:34.that in the North West a third of five-year-olds

:05:35. > :05:37.suffer from tooth decay, whereas only a fifth do

:05:38. > :05:46.Doctor Sandra White from Public Health England told this programme

:05:47. > :05:51.people were thinking more about the damage that sugar can do. I think

:05:52. > :05:53.people are more aware of what causes dental decay. Parents and society

:05:54. > :06:17.are aware of the impact of sugar on teeth, people are

:06:18. > :06:19.more aware of how protective fluoride can be, so fluoride

:06:20. > :06:21.toothpaste, and so that collective knowledge helps, that people are

:06:22. > :06:24.trying to avoid particularly sugary drinks for children. A lot of the

:06:25. > :06:27.proportion of the sugar, they have three times the amount of sugar they

:06:28. > :06:29.should be having and a lot of that comes from sugary drinks.

:06:30. > :06:33.That's a summary of the latest BBC News - more at 10.30am.

:06:34. > :06:40.Lots of you getting in touch about those figures on rotten teeth. I

:06:41. > :06:44.exist, it is not new, I worked in community dental in the 1980s and

:06:45. > :06:49.the lists were always fall for extraction is for children. John has

:06:50. > :06:52.tweeted, what indeed is down to parents, sugary substances, lack of

:06:53. > :06:56.cleaning and no dentist visits. Clint says, it is down to lazy

:06:57. > :07:00.parenting, my mum would not let me out of the house when I was younger

:07:01. > :07:05.until my teeth were brushed. Peter says, mothers today give their

:07:06. > :07:07.children dummies to suck even at two to five years old which has

:07:08. > :07:13.detrimental affect on their teeth. Also, why did children need to eat

:07:14. > :07:15.sweets if they have had three good meals a day?

:07:16. > :07:16.Do get in touch with us throughout the morning on everything we are

:07:17. > :07:20.talking about. If you text, you will be charged

:07:21. > :07:25.at the standard network rate. It promises to be an emotional

:07:26. > :07:39.night in East London - West Ham play their last competitive

:07:40. > :07:41.match at Upton Park tonight. They won there in the Cup last

:07:42. > :07:46.month, but three points tonight would take them into the top four

:07:47. > :07:48.in the league. Not so much riding on the result

:07:49. > :07:51.for the Hammers but, of course, wouldn't they love to go out

:07:52. > :07:53.on a high. They move into the Olympic stadium

:07:54. > :07:56.next season but their manager has admitted that it is

:07:57. > :07:58.going to be very, very hard to recreate the atmosphere

:07:59. > :08:06.of the Boleyn Ground that makes it You are losing something, it is

:08:07. > :08:16.going to be impossible to make a fortress of the Olympic Stadium

:08:17. > :08:19.because that is a little bit of hostile atmosphere, to be a bit

:08:20. > :08:27.intimidating for the away team. Forget about it, no chance. Choose

:08:28. > :08:32.stay we have to play against an opponent who says goodbye to the

:08:33. > :08:36.stadium, so they don't want to lose in the old stadium. They have

:08:37. > :08:43.already lost to Manchester United in the last FA match, that is also

:08:44. > :08:50.history, so it is not good for us. And West Ham United is a very good

:08:51. > :08:54.team. United and West Ham will be playing Burnley next season in the

:08:55. > :08:58.Premier League. Their big night did not go to plan, we showed you what

:08:59. > :09:02.happened in the last hour. They won the title, had their troppo

:09:03. > :09:06.presentation last night, 27 players went to pick up the medals except

:09:07. > :09:10.there were only 25 being given out. One of those missing out was Joey

:09:11. > :09:14.Barton, their Player of the Season. He did not seem best pleased at the

:09:15. > :09:18.time but look at this, he posted this picture with his family, and

:09:19. > :09:25.medal around his neck. Probably best not to regulate where he got it

:09:26. > :09:27.from! I still think two players probably do not have a medal this

:09:28. > :09:31.morning -- Bubba be best not to speculate will stop it is important

:09:32. > :09:39.they all get their medals, I'm glad he got it, that was a great picture.

:09:40. > :09:42.German prosecutors say that one of four people stabbed at a train

:09:43. > :09:50.station in Grafing near Munich has died. Was due to say it appears to

:09:51. > :09:55.have had an Islamist motive. -- prosecutors say. That's good our

:09:56. > :10:01.correspondent. Why do they said there was an Islamist motive?

:10:02. > :10:04.There are two reasons, one is that two statement eyewitnesses say the

:10:05. > :10:08.man issued while attacking commuters on this train, first of all he is

:10:09. > :10:15.reported to have shouted out God is great in Arabic, and also in German,

:10:16. > :10:20.according to one journalist who has spoken to eyewitnesses there, also,

:10:21. > :10:23.you are all unbelievers, in German. This was a 27-year-old German man

:10:24. > :10:28.who is now being questioned by police. Police say he is not

:10:29. > :10:34.talking, not giving any permission, but the authorities here suspect,

:10:35. > :10:39.they say it is a politically motivated attack, but the big

:10:40. > :10:42.question is whether it is an Islamist motivated attack, the big

:10:43. > :10:48.fear here in Europe since the Brussels and Paris terror attacks

:10:49. > :10:52.recently. The problem is that if he is not talking we don't really know,

:10:53. > :10:56.and all the conjecture so far is only based on these eyewitness

:10:57. > :11:00.reports. They had not been confirmed. What we do know is he got

:11:01. > :11:07.on the train, he wielded a knife with a ten centimetre blade, he

:11:08. > :11:11.randomly attacked commuters, he then got out onto the platform, started

:11:12. > :11:16.attacking more people, and then he tried to attack some cyclists. So

:11:17. > :11:19.far one person has died, three people are injured, one of them

:11:20. > :11:25.quite seriously. What concerns have there been about

:11:26. > :11:30.extremism in Germany? A lot of concerns. Since the terror

:11:31. > :11:34.attacks in Paris and Brussels, that has been a big topic here, German

:11:35. > :11:38.authorities said the country effectively is in a state of high

:11:39. > :11:43.alert, but actually there has been a fear of an Islamist terror attack in

:11:44. > :11:47.Germany since 9/11, and there have been lots of questions asked as to

:11:48. > :11:52.why there hasn't been a major terror attack here so far. One question

:11:53. > :11:58.might be whether it is simply because the security forces are so

:11:59. > :12:02.efficient. Other people really point to the fact that there is a large

:12:03. > :12:11.Muslim speaking community -- Muslim community here, but that is a

:12:12. > :12:14.Turkish community, not traditionally more extremist. There are lots of

:12:15. > :12:19.questions as to why there hasn't been a major terror attack so far,

:12:20. > :12:23.and that is exactly why today's incident is so worrying for people,

:12:24. > :12:26.because what we have had over the last few months is a few minor

:12:27. > :12:32.attacks where even teenagers have wielded knives and the worry is that

:12:33. > :12:36.there is some sort of momentum growing and that a terror attack is

:12:37. > :12:38.on the way, said this incident this morning, the authorities are taking

:12:39. > :12:42.this extremely seriously indeed. Thank you.

:12:43. > :12:45.With just over six weeks to go until the EU referendum, former

:12:46. > :12:48.Welfare Secretary Iain Duncan Smith is about to make a speech about why

:12:49. > :12:50.he believes Britain should leave the European Union.

:12:51. > :12:53.We'll have that speech live for you - but first we can speak

:12:54. > :12:59.to our political guru Norman Smith, who's there.

:13:00. > :13:09.In the rain, poor you! He has been talking this morning, saying that

:13:10. > :13:14.Angela Merkel tide David Cameron's hands over the EU renegotiation.

:13:15. > :13:18.Tell us what he is claiming? What Iain Duncan Smith is in effect

:13:19. > :13:22.saying is that when Mr Cameron tried to negotiate his EU deal basically

:13:23. > :13:26.the German Chancellor had a veto, she was given sight of what he was

:13:27. > :13:31.proposing and if he did not like it then Mr Cameron dropped it.

:13:32. > :13:35.Specifically, says Mr Duncan Smith, this idea of an emergency brake to

:13:36. > :13:40.stop EU migrants coming into Britain. Mr Cameron, says Mr Duncan

:13:41. > :13:42.Smith, was going to include that in his demand but when he ran it passed

:13:43. > :13:59.Mrs Merkel, she said, no, no, we cannot have that,

:14:00. > :14:01.we will not agree to that, and the plan was dropped. Number Ten have

:14:02. > :14:03.not categorically denied that there was German involvement in the

:14:04. > :14:06.negotiations, but they say they don't recognise what Mr Duncan Smith

:14:07. > :14:08.is saying. He is arguing that the deal which Mr Cameron so

:14:09. > :14:10.painstakingly negotiated may actually have weakened our position

:14:11. > :14:14.is not just in terms of migrants but also in terms of the position of the

:14:15. > :14:18.city, because he says that Mr Cameron surrendered the power

:14:19. > :14:23.Britain has the block further eurozone integration, that is

:14:24. > :14:27.countries in the Euro harmonising their banking call was more tightly,

:14:28. > :14:32.and that, it is argued, is a direct threat to the City of London. Let me

:14:33. > :14:36.just flag up to you, I think what he said this morning will be superseded

:14:37. > :14:40.by what he is about to say in the next ten or 15 minutes, because I

:14:41. > :14:46.have had a look at the speech, I cannot tell you exactly what is in

:14:47. > :14:50.it but it is a fundamental new argument in the whole EU referendum

:14:51. > :14:54.debate. What is interesting is Mr Duncan Smith appears to be trying to

:14:55. > :14:58.make a pitch for those critical Labour voters who many people

:14:59. > :15:02.believe could determine the outcome of this referendum, because the

:15:03. > :15:07.thinking is by and large most Tory supporters will probably go with

:15:08. > :15:11.Brexit, the Labour vote, therefore, is absolutely critical.

:15:12. > :15:14.That is quite at ease to say there is a fundamental new argument! We

:15:15. > :15:20.are six weeks away and it feel that we have heard all of the arguments.

:15:21. > :15:24.When you are like me and you live and breed this stuff every day, you

:15:25. > :15:28.get a little bit weary, shall we say, with the familiar argument on

:15:29. > :15:32.sovereignty and security and the economy. Today Mr Duncan Smith is

:15:33. > :15:38.putting a new gym and on the table, and I think it is interesting # row

:15:39. > :15:43.a new argument, because it is a direct pitch for the Labour vote. He

:15:44. > :15:49.has already said as much, it is about his view that the European

:15:50. > :15:54.Union compounds social injustice. That is the area he is looking at,

:15:55. > :15:57.things like austerities, immigration, the impact on public

:15:58. > :16:02.services, that is the area he is looking game but a key part of it is

:16:03. > :16:06.whether Mr Duncan Smith has found a way of reaching out to the Labour

:16:07. > :16:11.vote. Just down the river, you cannot see it, but Jeremy Corbyn is

:16:12. > :16:15.launching Labour's battle bus to try to galvanise the Labour vote behind

:16:16. > :16:21.staying in the European Union, and there is huge pressure on him to

:16:22. > :16:24.take a lead in this, to make strenuous efforts, because there is

:16:25. > :16:27.a suspicion he is not really that keen, not that fussed about the

:16:28. > :16:31.European Union because he has been a long-time critic on it, so if there

:16:32. > :16:38.is any sign that he is not really pushing to get the Labour boat out,

:16:39. > :16:41.but Mr Duncan 's bid is, there will be enormous criticism of him.

:16:42. > :16:43.We will bring you that speech live when it happens.

:16:44. > :16:46.We've got two audience debates on the EU referendum coming up.

:16:47. > :16:49.Whether you are still making your mind up or have already decided how

:16:50. > :16:52.you are going to vote, it's a chance to share your views

:16:53. > :16:54.and to quiz senior politicians leading the Leave

:16:55. > :17:04.If you are aged 18 and 29 you can apply for the BBC One evening debate

:17:05. > :17:11.presented by Victoria in Glasgow on 26th May.

:17:12. > :17:16.Or you can apply for the Manchester debate on Monday, 26th June.

:17:17. > :17:19.That is open to anyone eligible to vote in the referendum.

:17:20. > :17:27.Email victoria@bbc.co.uk or go to the programme website to apply.

:17:28. > :17:30.More than 1,250 unnamed men, women and children who died trying

:17:31. > :17:33.to cross the Mediterranean to seek a new life in Europe have been

:17:34. > :17:35.buried in unmarked graves at over 70 sites in Turkey,

:17:36. > :17:39.Over the past two years it's estimated that thousands have

:17:40. > :17:41.lost their lives trying to cross into Europe.

:17:42. > :17:44.Most are lost at sea, but many bodies have been washed

:17:45. > :17:45.ashore, bringing horror to the beaches of Greece,

:17:46. > :20:28.The BBC's Rami Ruhayem reports from Lesbos.

:20:29. > :20:37.Everybody is paying attention to the refugees making it alive to Greece

:20:38. > :20:42.or Europe. The people who are dead, a few people are concerned about.

:20:43. > :20:48.There is no database for the people who are drowned. The only thing we

:20:49. > :20:58.know that they started from Turkey and everything vanished. With the

:20:59. > :21:17.bodies, with the names. The Government is being urged

:21:18. > :21:19.to clarify the legal case for the use of drone strikes outside

:21:20. > :21:22.of armed conflict. The call, from a committee of MPs,

:21:23. > :21:25.follows the killing of a British member of the so-called

:21:26. > :21:27.Islamic State group last August. We can speak to Dave Cummins,

:21:28. > :21:30.a former Royal Air Force pilot who has also operated drones

:21:31. > :21:38.from an Air Force base in Nevada Thank you very much for joining us.

:21:39. > :21:40.Tell us what it is like operating a drone. Being on the frontline, but

:21:41. > :21:43.removed from it. It is an interesting role and we're only

:21:44. > :21:51.really learning the benefits of that over the last five to ten years and

:21:52. > :21:56.the situation that drone pilots have versus your combat pilots, the

:21:57. > :22:00.situation awareness and the ability those guys have to draw on

:22:01. > :22:04.information during conflict is advanced. Operating drones have you

:22:05. > :22:09.ever had any concerns about what you're doing and about where you

:22:10. > :22:15.might be targeting people? No, I think it is really important that we

:22:16. > :22:21.do draw the distinction here. The rules of armed conflict, the law,

:22:22. > :22:28.the rules of engagement, Human Rights, that's the same whether you

:22:29. > :22:32.are flying a weapon, or firing a weapon. It doesn't change because

:22:33. > :22:36.you're operating a drone. We're having trouble hearing you. You cut

:22:37. > :22:40.out a bit there. You said you haven't had concerns. Are you able

:22:41. > :22:44.to tell us much about where you've operated drones? And where you have

:22:45. > :22:50.carried out attacks with those drones? Well, they are five years

:22:51. > :23:03.ago. I was in the military during the Iraq and Afghanistan conflict.

:23:04. > :23:09.There is no distinction versus a soldier on the ground or a sniper

:23:10. > :23:11.1.5 mile from the conflict. The big difference when you are on the

:23:12. > :23:14.ground, you are in the environment. Tell us what it is like, you are

:23:15. > :23:18.away from it, maybe you might be living at home and then you go into

:23:19. > :23:24.the office and it is like a war game, but it is having a real life

:23:25. > :23:28.impact? I can assure you, it is not like a war game, but it is a surreal

:23:29. > :23:33.environment both from working in combat and doing a 12 hour mission

:23:34. > :23:40.every day in my case, it was six-and-a-half years, I have been

:23:41. > :23:44.doing this now. And you're right there is a difference between

:23:45. > :23:48.operating combat for 12 hours and walking home to your family and

:23:49. > :23:55.spending the day with your family. Does it make thaw one step removed

:23:56. > :23:59.from what you're doing so that you, I don't know, maybe, less emotion

:24:00. > :24:04.involved. Would that be a fair thing to say? No, I would say it is the

:24:05. > :24:08.opposite in a drone. Unlike a combat aircraft or unlike a sniper or

:24:09. > :24:12.soldier who might pitch up and flight a conflict and it can be

:24:13. > :24:15.transient of the with a drone you can be there for days and weeks in

:24:16. > :24:22.advance and you will be thereafter the strike to witness the situation

:24:23. > :24:27.unfold for hours or days. Who is around you making the call on

:24:28. > :24:31.when the strike is actually launched? What we're talking about

:24:32. > :24:36.today is concerns around the legality and we have touched on that

:24:37. > :24:40.with you, but are there military lawyers around to offer advice? It

:24:41. > :24:44.depends on the type of strike. Everything from self-defence which

:24:45. > :24:47.is the pilot's call all the way through to a pre-planned mission

:24:48. > :24:53.which would be down to the commanders and the lawyers.

:24:54. > :24:57.We're struggling to hear you, but it has been good to get your

:24:58. > :25:04.prospective on operating drones. Thank you very much indeed.

:25:05. > :25:07.Lots of you getting in touch. John e-mailed to say, "Politicians will

:25:08. > :25:10.never share how they really feel about the use of drones. Our forces

:25:11. > :25:13.need to be as careful as they can, but we need to be resolute in our

:25:14. > :25:21.determination to defend our way of life. The so-called Brit who was

:25:22. > :25:26.killed by a drone would seem to be a lit jit mat casualty of war." Chris

:25:27. > :25:29.says, "What rot if people go to fight with IS they give up all their

:25:30. > :25:32.Human Rights. What rights did the people have in Paris and Brussels.

:25:33. > :25:38.That's why we need to get out of the EU and look after ourselves." Joe

:25:39. > :25:42.making the case for drone permissible on the basis of

:25:43. > :25:48.pre-emptive strike on the basis of self-defence. IS strike

:25:49. > :25:52.indiscriminately and barbaricically. Lorraine says, "If it is against

:25:53. > :25:57.Islamic State terrorists, the answer is question." Tom e-mailed, "Here we

:25:58. > :26:03.go again, the terrorists can kill our people with impunity, if we go

:26:04. > :26:09.after them, we are at fault. How about backing our articled forces

:26:10. > :26:13.who put their lives on the line to keep us safe."

:26:14. > :26:16.Still to come, could we finally have the answer to reducing

:26:17. > :26:20.Scientists in the US have developed a so-called second skin made out

:26:21. > :26:22.of silicone that might be the solution.

:26:23. > :26:30.We'll ask a dermatologist whether it's too good to be true.

:26:31. > :26:33.The Department for Education says its urgently investigating

:26:34. > :26:36.the online leak of a primary school Sats test which is being taken

:26:37. > :26:38.by 600,000 children aged 10 and 11 in England.

:26:39. > :26:41.Earlier a source at the department told the BBC that it believed

:26:42. > :26:44.a rogue marker had briefly placed the test on a password

:26:45. > :26:48.The department says the integrity of the test hasn't been compromised

:26:49. > :26:49.and schools should deliver it as planned.

:26:50. > :26:55.Our education correspondent Robert Pigott is here.

:26:56. > :27:00.So the Government seems to be suggesting this is deliberate

:27:01. > :27:04.sabotage? Yes, it says it is a rogue marker and not just an accidental

:27:05. > :27:08.mistake as it were. It is under the kosh. There has been a lot of

:27:09. > :27:10.problems with the tests for primary school children. It comes at an

:27:11. > :27:15.embarrassing time the the Government is very keen to place distance

:27:16. > :27:22.between the idea that it has messed up again, if you like, and to insert

:27:23. > :27:25.this idea that it was deliberate by somebody trying to sabotage the

:27:26. > :27:32.tests. They said before that an investigation would be carried out.

:27:33. > :27:37.Are they saying the investigation has been done and this is the case?

:27:38. > :27:41.It is a suspicion. They are minimising the impact of this saying

:27:42. > :27:46.it is different from the Key Stage 1 tests, these are the ones for six

:27:47. > :27:52.and seven-year-olds where they had to be abon donned because the tests

:27:53. > :27:56.mp were published in January as part of practise material. They are

:27:57. > :28:00.saying this time only 90 odd people would have seen this and it was only

:28:01. > :28:06.for four hours last night until it was removed. Minimising the impact

:28:07. > :28:10.saying the tests will still go ahead and the marks will still count and

:28:11. > :28:14.schools should disregard this as a breach of the, as a fatal breach of

:28:15. > :28:18.the test. How would you gauge the strength of feeling against the

:28:19. > :28:28.SATs? And where it is coming from and if it is coming from u you know,

:28:29. > :28:32.not, I suppose, a politically motivated campaign, if you could put

:28:33. > :28:35.it like that. How much pressure would it be putting on the ground if

:28:36. > :28:39.it is a ground swell of parents opinion? It is an interesting

:28:40. > :28:43.question. It is difficult to assess how big that momentum, how big that

:28:44. > :28:46.ground swell is. We saw the parents taking kids out of school on

:28:47. > :28:49.Tuesday. So about, you know, we were thinking that thousands of children,

:28:50. > :28:52.just by doing a rough back of an envelope calculation must have been

:28:53. > :28:56.taken out of school. We don't know the real numbers and it is difficult

:28:57. > :28:59.to tell when an organised group get together and make something happen

:29:00. > :29:03.just how big a ground swell that represents. Certainly teachers and

:29:04. > :29:05.teaching unions and they are represented by the National

:29:06. > :29:09.Association of Headteachers are very unhappy about the tests and are

:29:10. > :29:13.calling for them, for this year's test results to be scrapped for

:29:14. > :29:17.schools not to be held to account as they could be for today's tests.

:29:18. > :29:21.There is that sense and there is also, I think, Labour sensing blood

:29:22. > :29:28.here, that there is a series of mistakes that happened all the way

:29:29. > :29:33.back to when the Key Stage 1 tests had to be abandoned and the tests

:29:34. > :29:38.for four-year-olds had to be postponed for a year because three

:29:39. > :29:42.tests put out by the Government were found not to be comparable with each

:29:43. > :29:46.other. There is a history here and a growing sense of unease amongst the

:29:47. > :29:50.teaching profession that there is something wrong about the speed and

:29:51. > :29:53.the complexity of the reforms being made and that's where the Government

:29:54. > :29:57.is vulnerable on this and of course this is overshadowed, by the

:29:58. > :30:00.academies and the climb Down that nishgy Morgan had to make on that.

:30:01. > :30:05.So the Government is in a weak position. Very keen for this not to

:30:06. > :30:12.be seen as yet another mistake by them themselves. Thank you, Robert.

:30:13. > :30:18.Some comments on this. Mike says, I'm a parent and I have to say Lucy

:30:19. > :30:22.Powell has irritated me. I understand her opinions are to some

:30:23. > :30:25.extent ballad but we are in a position where the assessment is

:30:26. > :30:29.what it is, if you want your child to succeed in having exams to work

:30:30. > :30:33.towards and aim for three primary School is vital. When it is time to

:30:34. > :30:37.go to high school, doesn't everyone want their child to be ready for the

:30:38. > :30:48.steep learning curve ahead? Another e-mail, why is the

:30:49. > :30:51.Government forcing that tests on children? Learning to read and write

:30:52. > :30:54.is fundamental and should be fun. My children were able to do both before

:30:55. > :30:56.attending school as we made it into a game. Don't get me started on

:30:57. > :30:57.phonics, another poor position by the Government.

:30:58. > :31:04.Another e-mail, my grandson was hopeless at reading and spelling as

:31:05. > :31:08.six and seven years old, he is now at university.

:31:09. > :31:12.Let's catch up with the news, Ben Brown is in the BBC newsroom.

:31:13. > :31:15.One of the leading members of the campaign to leave the EU,

:31:16. > :31:18.Iain Duncan Smith, says Germany had a virtual veto over David Cameron's

:31:19. > :31:24.demands during his EU referendum negotiations.

:31:25. > :31:26.Mr Duncan Smith says the Prime Minister was forced

:31:27. > :31:29.to abandon plans for an emergency brake on migration at the last

:31:30. > :31:33.minute because Germany would not back it.

:31:34. > :31:40.Downing Street says Mr Cameron found a "more effective" way forward.

:31:41. > :31:51.Mr Duncan Smith is due to begin his speech in the next few minutes and

:31:52. > :31:55.we will bring that to you live. Sorry, I will rudely interrupt you!

:31:56. > :31:57.We are going to go to Iain Duncan Smith's speech on the Vote Leave

:31:58. > :32:11.campaign. My feet are better off Britons who

:32:12. > :32:14.have done well in recent years is to consider their vote in the

:32:15. > :32:19.referendum to vote for a better deal for people who have not enjoyed the

:32:20. > :32:23.same benefit as maybe they have, because the EU, despite its grand

:32:24. > :32:31.early intentions, has become, I believe, a friend of the haves

:32:32. > :32:34.rather than beer is not WHO. Do you row has greatly favoured already

:32:35. > :32:42.wealthy Germany at the expense of southern Europe. You row has meant

:32:43. > :32:47.serious unemployment for millions of young Greeks, Spaniards and Italians

:32:48. > :32:52.and has produced political extremism across the continent. The EU is also

:32:53. > :32:56.working well for big bands, the fail is financed by extreme austerity in

:32:57. > :32:59.countries like Greece largely benefiting financial institutions

:33:00. > :33:04.that lent irresponsibly before the crash, and caused it. The EU is also

:33:05. > :33:08.working for big corporate that benefit from mass immigration,

:33:09. > :33:12.businesses that have decade in the productivity and training of their

:33:13. > :33:17.own local workforces and have no reason as I can see it to mend their

:33:18. > :33:22.ways so long as cheap labour can be imported from abroad. But if the EU

:33:23. > :33:26.is working for Germany, the banks, for big corporate and for the public

:33:27. > :33:33.affairs of companies with large lobbying operations in Brussels, the

:33:34. > :33:35.EU isn't working for overregulated small business and, more

:33:36. > :33:41.importantly, lower paid and lower skilled Britons. They now have to

:33:42. > :33:46.compete with millions of people from abroad for jobs and the wage rise.

:33:47. > :33:51.The Government's migration advisory committee reported that for every

:33:52. > :33:55.100 migrants employed here, 23 UK born workers would have been

:33:56. > :33:59.displaced. The construction of the Olympic Park was a powerful

:34:00. > :34:02.illustration of the way in which those migrants who had come in

:34:03. > :34:13.undercooked UK workers through their willingness to end your -- enjoy a

:34:14. > :34:17.family friendly living conditions. Visiting at the time I met skilled

:34:18. > :34:21.and unskilled workers who struggled to get work on that site. I asked

:34:22. > :34:26.why, they said people from Eastern Europe often living in bedsit in

:34:27. > :34:30.various parts of East London without the UK housing and family costs that

:34:31. > :34:35.they do hugely underbid them for their work. Those stories have since

:34:36. > :34:39.been borne out by the facts. Despite the statement about the Olympic Park

:34:40. > :34:43.working at macro helping British workers, we now know almost half the

:34:44. > :34:48.jobs on the site went to foreign nationals. I find the Labour Party's

:34:49. > :34:52.current position somewhat ironic. As Frank Field has pointed out, saying

:34:53. > :34:57.they are now in favour of staying in the EU, they are acting against the

:34:58. > :35:01.interest of the communities they purport to serve. Even Stuart Rose

:35:02. > :35:06.of the stronger In campaign has admitted that immigration at the

:35:07. > :35:09.pain of the poor in a rare moment of candour, maybe one of the reasons we

:35:10. > :35:14.no longer see him on the television or the radio, and acknowledged that

:35:15. > :35:18.wages will go up for many Britons is immigration is restricted. The

:35:19. > :35:22.downward pressure on wages is a trend that will only get worse if we

:35:23. > :35:27.continue to have absolutely open borders with the EU, and I believe

:35:28. > :35:33.would get much worse if we ended up in a recession. Bank of England

:35:34. > :35:38.study in December 2015 concluded, and I want to quote this, the

:35:39. > :35:45.biggest effect is that the semi-unskilled service sector a ten

:35:46. > :35:50.percentage rise in the implement of immigrant is a circuit with a 2%

:35:51. > :35:55.reduction in pay. This significantly affects British workers, especially

:35:56. > :36:01.those on low wages. EU migration has increased by 50% since 2010 on

:36:02. > :36:05.official figures. If the number of EU job-seekers entering the UK over

:36:06. > :36:11.the next decade remain at current levels, some 690,000 people, and I

:36:12. > :36:18.repeat that, 690,000 people will have been added to the UK population

:36:19. > :36:22.as a direct result. With five more countries due to join, the number

:36:23. > :36:28.looks conservative. This would be the equivalent of a city the size of

:36:29. > :36:31.Glasgow in the UK. Another big negative economic effect of the

:36:32. > :36:37.level of immigration is that British people have never voted for and do

:36:38. > :36:41.not want, house prices. Young people are the biggest losers from this,

:36:42. > :36:44.forced to pay an ever larger share of their income on accommodation and

:36:45. > :36:49.suffering longer commutes after having to move far away from their

:36:50. > :36:54.families. The fact is that we need to build around 240 houses every day

:36:55. > :36:58.for the next 20 years just to be able to cope with the increased

:36:59. > :37:02.demand on future migration. Of course there are a number of issues

:37:03. > :37:06.in the difficulty to get housing in the UK but the impact of

:37:07. > :37:10.uncontrolled immigration makes it an major factor in the demand for

:37:11. > :37:16.housing, one that simply cannot be denied or ignored. Official data

:37:17. > :37:20.shows that over the last 15 years over two thirds, 66% of additional

:37:21. > :37:24.households created in the UK were headed by a person born abroad. The

:37:25. > :37:29.struggle to get on the housing ladder is one that affects families

:37:30. > :37:34.up and down the UK. Such is the pressure that the average age for a

:37:35. > :37:37.first-time buyer is now 31. Everyone should have the opportunity, I

:37:38. > :37:41.believe, and always have done, to own their own home but as the EU

:37:42. > :37:45.continues to expand to other countries that as Macedonia Albania

:37:46. > :37:51.and Turkey, population pressures of remaining in the EU, if someone

:37:52. > :37:57.votes to remain in the EU, can only make that prospect less likely. As

:37:58. > :38:01.the Government's own recent figures show, to cope with the kind of

:38:02. > :38:04.pressure that immigration is placing on the school system, the taxpayer

:38:05. > :38:10.is having to fund extra school places equivalent to building 27 new

:38:11. > :38:15.average sized secondary schools or 100 new primary schools. My Vote

:38:16. > :38:19.Leave and Conservative colleague Priti Patel was correct when she

:38:20. > :38:24.highlighted recently the fact that as always when public services are

:38:25. > :38:27.under pressure those without the resources to afford the alternatives

:38:28. > :38:31.are most vulnerable and most affected. In short, getting a place

:38:32. > :38:36.in your local school gets more and more difficult. The heavy burden of

:38:37. > :38:42.EU regulation is particularly hard on the smaller businesses that all

:38:43. > :38:46.evidence shows are the best route back to the workforce for those who

:38:47. > :38:50.are unemployed. Even though the vast majority of these businesses never

:38:51. > :38:54.trade with the EU, they are subject to EU red tape at the cost of tens

:38:55. > :38:58.of billions of pounds. Those regulations don't just mean lower

:38:59. > :39:04.profits for small entrepreneurs. They also mean fewer new businesses

:39:05. > :39:10.starting up, and fewer jobs created. Then there are the higher grocery

:39:11. > :39:13.prices that the EU's Common Agricultural Policy has produced.

:39:14. > :39:17.The independent House of Commons library has concluded that EU

:39:18. > :39:22.membership actually increases the cost of living, and they stated that

:39:23. > :39:26.the EU's Common Agricultural Policy, and I quote, artificially in the

:39:27. > :39:30.rates food prices, and that consumer prices across a range of other goods

:39:31. > :39:36.imported from outside the EU are raised as a result of the common

:39:37. > :39:42.external tariff, and trade imposed by the EU. These tariff barriers

:39:43. > :39:46.have an effect and these include footwear, 70% tariff, bicycles, 15%

:39:47. > :39:53.tariff, and a range of clothing at cold percent tariff. This may not

:39:54. > :39:58.sound like a lot -- 12% tariff. This may not sound like a lot for better

:39:59. > :40:01.off families but for many it is the difference between paying the rent

:40:02. > :40:10.and not being able to pay the rent. This takes me back to my central

:40:11. > :40:13.point. What I think are the best compassionate instincts of the

:40:14. > :40:21.British people, when you vote on the 23rd of June, even if you believe

:40:22. > :40:27.what you are now being told by those who want you to vote to remain in

:40:28. > :40:31.the European Union, that you may on balance have done OK from the

:40:32. > :40:38.European Union, I want you to think about the people who haven't, and,

:40:39. > :40:43.just as importantly, think about the economic changes that are coming

:40:44. > :40:47.down the tracks very fast and ask yourself very seriously whether

:40:48. > :40:53.Britain in charge of all policy levers would be better equipped to

:40:54. > :41:00.cope with those changes than a Britain that is part of what all

:41:01. > :41:02.evidence suggests is a dysfunctional, declining, high

:41:03. > :41:09.unemployment European Union. Because this EU vote, this EU vote is

:41:10. > :41:14.happening at a time of enormous global upheaval. We are at the point

:41:15. > :41:19.in the development of the world economy where, if we are not

:41:20. > :41:22.careful, we are going to see a huge rise and an explosion in the

:41:23. > :41:27.have-nots, increasing divide between people who have a home of their own

:41:28. > :41:31.and those who, to coin a phrase used recently, are at the back of the

:41:32. > :41:35.queue. A lengthening queue. To even get onto the housing ladder people

:41:36. > :41:39.have jobs that are threatened by automation and people who live in

:41:40. > :41:42.the shadow of the impact of technological innovation, people who

:41:43. > :41:47.benefit from the immigration of cheap nannies and barristers and

:41:48. > :41:50.labourers and people who cannot find work because of uncontrolled

:41:51. > :41:55.immigration. There is a balance here that needs to be reset, and I have

:41:56. > :41:59.always wanted people to be able to own their own home, but that gets

:42:00. > :42:04.more difficult, particularly, as I said, for young people through

:42:05. > :42:07.uncontrolled migration. We are entering a long period of much

:42:08. > :42:12.slower growth than we have perhaps been used to. We are entering a

:42:13. > :42:17.period when white-collar jobs are going to be replaced possibly by

:42:18. > :42:20.technology on the same scale but innovation has already placed more

:42:21. > :42:25.manual, industrial and blue-collar jobs. In the coming decades as a

:42:26. > :42:28.population of China and India and other developing countries will

:42:29. > :42:33.increasingly be educated and compete more directly with us, in this world

:42:34. > :42:38.we need to be nimble and we need to do everything we can to ensure that

:42:39. > :42:42.those likely to be most affected by these changes are ideally equipped

:42:43. > :42:47.to meet them all, if necessary, are cushioned from those worst affects.

:42:48. > :42:51.Being fast on our feet and nimble as a nation state is the route to that.

:42:52. > :42:55.Britain avoiding the high unemployment and savage austerity

:42:56. > :43:00.that many European nations suffered because we wisely ignored the advice

:43:01. > :43:02.of many groups, particularly the CBI, and retained sterling, the

:43:03. > :43:16.principle is that it is better to be in control

:43:17. > :43:19.of our own destiny, that is a lesson we learned, better to be a good role

:43:20. > :43:21.of our own destiny, and that should apply to all areas of national life,

:43:22. > :43:23.particularly started with our borders. It should cover the design

:43:24. > :43:25.of agricultural and environmental policies and the implication of

:43:26. > :43:29.those policies for grocery and energy bills, to the design of trade

:43:30. > :43:35.agreements, two fishery policies, another regressive EU policy that

:43:36. > :43:39.has devastated some of our coastal policies, -- Coastal Communities

:43:40. > :43:43.Fund and of course to budget and fiscal policy. If we want to cut VAT

:43:44. > :43:47.on fuel to help families of body heat their homes, we should be free

:43:48. > :43:51.to do so. We should be able to choose how to spend the ?350 million

:43:52. > :43:57.we currently send to Brussels every week. It would be in a normal world

:43:58. > :44:00.a strange choice to make for a British Government that whilst

:44:01. > :44:05.bearing down on welfare spending and other budget since the election we

:44:06. > :44:08.continue to send to this wealthy EU hundreds of millions of pounds of

:44:09. > :44:14.taxpayers' money, money that could help fund a whole variety of areas

:44:15. > :44:21.the NHS, and could fund extra training for infrastructure to help

:44:22. > :44:25.every Briton drive in the economic age and drive those challenges. The

:44:26. > :44:29.EU is fast sliding to economic irrelevance. Look at how it is

:44:30. > :44:33.losing its share of world trade at twice the rate of the United States.

:44:34. > :44:36.There are many reasons for this but one key reason is that its

:44:37. > :44:42.institutions have become irredeemably unwieldy. EU leaders

:44:43. > :44:45.and the Brussels army of bureaucrats cannot agree on how to fix the euro.

:44:46. > :44:51.They cannot agree on what to do about refugees. They cannot agree on

:44:52. > :44:56.what kind of transatlantic trade partnership they want with the USA.

:44:57. > :45:00.Such MS that it is very unlikely it will ever happen. And they cannot

:45:01. > :45:06.agree on the kind of steel industrial policies that will ensure

:45:07. > :45:09.Europe does not lose more of its manufacturing base. No, the EU can

:45:10. > :45:13.only move as quickly as its slowest member and that means it can only

:45:14. > :45:20.move very slowly indeed on all these matters. In today's global economy,

:45:21. > :45:26.it is not speed that kills but in decision. The EU leaders and

:45:27. > :45:28.ministers spend so much time in Brussels not agreeing decisions that

:45:29. > :45:33.they are not focused on the challenges that exist back in their

:45:34. > :45:38.home nations, and that is, I think, the key point. No matter what those

:45:39. > :45:41.who want to remain say about the EU as a market-based, the reality is

:45:42. > :45:47.that it is first and foremost at the elliptical project, the aim of which

:45:48. > :45:48.is the creation of an overarching federal power above the nation

:45:49. > :45:58.states. PEP Why many Greeks are now living

:45:59. > :46:01.in third world conditions, Italian banks are becoming insolvent and

:46:02. > :46:08.terrible levels of youth unemployment have become for the EU

:46:09. > :46:13.a terrible price worth paying. Yet outside of the EU, an independent

:46:14. > :46:17.Britain can design migration, agricultural and budgetary and trade

:46:18. > :46:22.policies and the rest of Europe seems sadly incapable of agreeing on

:46:23. > :46:26.any of these. I hope I've persuaded you that leaving the EU is in the

:46:27. > :46:32.clear interests of social justice within Britain. But let me end by

:46:33. > :46:35.saying, I think also think it could advance social justice across the

:46:36. > :46:39.whole of the Continent. A vote to leave by the British people might be

:46:40. > :46:44.the shock to the EU's system that is so desperately needed. Perhaps I'm

:46:45. > :46:49.being a touch unrealistic. The EU does not have a great track record

:46:50. > :46:53.of changing course after member states have voted against EU

:46:54. > :47:00.projects in referendum. But Brexit coming after the Greek crisis, after

:47:01. > :47:04.so much impossibly high youth unemployment, after the election of

:47:05. > :47:08.so many extreme parties should be the moment when Brussels finally

:47:09. > :47:13.decides to give member states more freedom to design economic social

:47:14. > :47:17.and migration policies. Those that reflect the democratic will and

:47:18. > :47:26.particular needs of each individual state. Given we are so uninfluential

:47:27. > :47:29.inside the EU, our maximum moment of influence, ironically, might be at

:47:30. > :47:35.leaving at it. Confronting the rest of the EU with the need and

:47:36. > :47:39.opportunity to radically change its structure is the most socially just

:47:40. > :47:46.and indeed, European service that Britain can provide to our

:47:47. > :47:52.neighbours across the channel. Surely like me, you believe that the

:47:53. > :47:58.United Kingdom can do better. We deserve to do better. Why should we

:47:59. > :48:03.set such a low vision about our future by tying it to this failing

:48:04. > :48:08.project and all that is coming down the tracks to diminish us? Inside

:48:09. > :48:14.the EU, our politicians can only talk of what we would like to do to

:48:15. > :48:21.change things, knowing that they will achieve very little, if any of

:48:22. > :48:25.that. Outside the EU, we can change our destiny and dare to believe in

:48:26. > :48:31.the greatness of our citizens. Let me just repeat that. Outside of the

:48:32. > :48:36.EU, we can dare to change our destiny. That is the purpose of a

:48:37. > :48:44.vote to leave. Britain deserves better than all of this, which is

:48:45. > :48:50.why on the 23rd June, we should take back control and vote for our own

:48:51. > :48:57.British independence day. Thank you very much.

:48:58. > :49:11.APPLAUSE REPORTER: Thank you very much. Mr

:49:12. > :49:15.Duncan Smith, one of the problems that people have with politicians is

:49:16. > :49:19.they do one thing and then they go and say another. Now, you are a

:49:20. > :49:25.member of the Cabinet when it signed off on the welfare break. You

:49:26. > :49:29.campaigned on it in the Conservative maecht, just this time last year,

:49:30. > :49:33.and now you're giving interviews to newspapers saying it was all a big

:49:34. > :49:36.German stitch-up and we are puppets of Angela Merkel. How can people

:49:37. > :49:41.possibly trust you when you've told them that? Because the negotiation

:49:42. > :49:45.process had not even really begun. The whole point if our election was

:49:46. > :49:49.to offer a referendum and let me bring you back to the terms of that

:49:50. > :49:55.referendum. It was for the UK to decide on whether to remain in a

:49:56. > :49:58.reformed European Union or to leave an unreformed European Union. Now

:49:59. > :50:02.that's the very terms that were set both by the Prime Minister and the

:50:03. > :50:06.Cabinet. As you know, the only thing that was on offer and promised was

:50:07. > :50:10.the completion of the negotiations to give us a full reform package.

:50:11. > :50:13.What I signed up to, quite legitimately, in the run-up to the

:50:14. > :50:17.election was that proposal that we would bring forward a fully reformed

:50:18. > :50:21.European Union and then hold that referendum by 2017. So I'm very

:50:22. > :50:25.happy to stand by that. I wanted to see that done. I was in favour of

:50:26. > :50:29.the Prime Minister's look bettering speech and I thought plus his

:50:30. > :50:32.proposals to get border control would have actually meant we would

:50:33. > :50:35.have had a very different relationship within the European

:50:36. > :50:39.Union and that would have justified remaining in. The key question is,

:50:40. > :50:43.did we get that reformed European Union? And the point is, I don't

:50:44. > :50:47.believe we did. We had a very small until of little things that

:50:48. > :50:51.happened, but worse, we had to give away our veto over what actually

:50:52. > :50:56.happens inside the euro now. That makes us in a sense more vulnerable

:50:57. > :51:00.than we were before. So I have a very simple statement in answer to

:51:01. > :51:03.that question is the debate was about and should be about did we get

:51:04. > :51:06.a reformed European Union? When you look at the European Union, is it

:51:07. > :51:10.reformed? Is it fundamentally different from what it was when we

:51:11. > :51:15.set out on this process having been so critical of what was happening in

:51:16. > :51:19.the European Union? The answer has to be categorically no, we did not

:51:20. > :51:23.get a reformed European Union and so, the logical position both for

:51:24. > :51:26.the Government and for somebody like me is to therefore say we have to

:51:27. > :51:28.leave the European Union. STUDIO: That's Iain Duncan Smith

:51:29. > :51:32.answering a question about the claims from him that were reported

:51:33. > :51:39.in the newspapers this morning that David Cameron effectively had his

:51:40. > :51:41.hands tied by Angela Merkel over the EU renegotiations ahead of

:51:42. > :51:47.announcement, ahead of the referendum. Let's talk to our

:51:48. > :51:51.political guru, Norman Smith. Norman, you promised there would be

:51:52. > :51:54.a fundamentally new argument put forward by Iain Duncan Smith's that

:51:55. > :51:59.would Trump what was in the papers this morning about the German argue.

:52:00. > :52:03.It all centres on social justice, doesn't it. Tell us what your

:52:04. > :52:06.thoughts are after that speech. We've had all the arguments about

:52:07. > :52:12.sovereignty and security and the economy. Today, Iain Duncan Smith is

:52:13. > :52:16.saying that the EU, his phrase, is a force for social injustice. In other

:52:17. > :52:20.words, it hurts the poor. It benefits the better off. What he

:52:21. > :52:25.means by that is that excuse the trafficks jam here, is that better

:52:26. > :52:30.off people -- traffic jam here, is that better off people, migration

:52:31. > :52:33.brings cheaper plumbers and they can get cheaper nannies, the coffee

:52:34. > :52:37.shops, you know, are quicker. All that's good for better off, but for

:52:38. > :52:42.poorer people they suffer because of the pressure for jobs, the downward

:52:43. > :52:49.pressure on wages, the difficulty facing young people getting a

:52:50. > :52:52.housing is compounded by more people coming looking for housing, the

:52:53. > :52:56.pressure for school places and even food prices, he says, are driven up

:52:57. > :53:02.by the Common Agricultural Policy. In other words, the EU is fine if

:53:03. > :53:06.you're doing quite well. Much worse if you're not and that's is a direct

:53:07. > :53:07.pitch for Labour votes in this referendum.

:53:08. > :53:13.Thank you, Norman. Scientists in the US have developed

:53:14. > :53:15.a new material that can temporarily protect and tighten skin and reduce

:53:16. > :53:18.the appearance of wrinkles. This so-called second skin is made

:53:19. > :53:21.out of silicone and can be applied on the skin as a thin coating then

:53:22. > :53:25.peeled off and disposed of at night. With more work, researchers hope

:53:26. > :53:29.the wearable skin could be used to cover birthmarks and deliver

:53:30. > :53:32.drugs to help treat skin Let's have a look at the video

:53:33. > :53:39.released by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology,

:53:40. > :53:56.the team behind this new discovery. It could coat the skin and protect

:53:57. > :54:00.it and perhaps deliver drugs to it and perhaps make it look better. We

:54:01. > :54:05.have been able to create a cream that you can put on the skin and

:54:06. > :54:09.then once it is on the skin, it can actually form essentially an elastic

:54:10. > :54:13.second skin and it is transparent and it is invisible and it is not

:54:14. > :54:19.messy and has good mechanical strength. You put it on in two

:54:20. > :54:24.stages of the first, put on the invisible cream on your skin and

:54:25. > :54:34.then in the second step you put on a catalyst and that is causes a cross

:54:35. > :54:36.linking reaction. It is very soft and still mechanically strong and

:54:37. > :55:01.essentially invisible. I think it is fair to say this is a

:55:02. > :55:04.platform technology. What I mean by that, you can use it in various

:55:05. > :55:08.different areas. One set of things might be in

:55:09. > :55:14.cosmetics where you use it to tighten skin in different parts of

:55:15. > :55:18.the body and another could be for therapeutics where you use it as a

:55:19. > :55:21.plastic ointment that could be used to deliver drugs to the skin to

:55:22. > :55:35.treat different skin diseases. Let's talk to Dr Tamara Griffiths. I

:55:36. > :55:40.expect most of us will have honed in on what it can do for wrinkles. What

:55:41. > :55:44.do you think? Clearly, the product is very well tolerated and

:55:45. > :55:47.cosmetically acceptable. What was really interesting in the paper that

:55:48. > :55:51.was released demonstrated improvement in the appearance of the

:55:52. > :55:55.bags under the eyes which as we all know is a very common problem and

:55:56. > :56:02.often very difficult to treat. The best treatment now is plastic

:56:03. > :56:07.surgery which carries its own risks. So applying this topical cream under

:56:08. > :56:12.the eyes, the researchers demonstrated it improves the

:56:13. > :56:17.appearance under the eye bags which is a protrusion of fat because the

:56:18. > :56:21.skin was more or elastic and tightened so the appearance was

:56:22. > :56:25.convincing and certainly, one of the applications of this really novel

:56:26. > :56:32.technology would be for cosmetic use, but again, there is multiple

:56:33. > :56:36.applications including skin health, improving the menicanical strength

:56:37. > :56:40.and water add hetion and elass it is aity of old skin which is frail,

:56:41. > :56:45.prone to tearing and can result for example in leg ulcers. So there are

:56:46. > :56:49.cosmetic applications for this without a doubt, but again, it is a

:56:50. > :56:55.platform technology which can be applied for promotion of skin health

:56:56. > :57:00.for delivery of new drugs, for delivery of suncreams to camouflage

:57:01. > :57:03.skin defects, port wine skins, it is an exciting and novel technology and

:57:04. > :57:07.treatment and I'm very much looking forward to watching it develop. It

:57:08. > :57:11.is a temporary fix so do you think it is something that would catch on

:57:12. > :57:15.for reducing wrinkles or do you think that people would always

:57:16. > :57:19.prefer actually something that would have more lasting effects if that's

:57:20. > :57:22.a route they want to go down? It is something that one would have to

:57:23. > :57:25.apply daily and wear for the benefits particularly for wrinkles

:57:26. > :57:30.and the under eye bags, but again, will it catch on? It depends on

:57:31. > :57:35.one's motivation, if someone is motivated and debilitated or feels

:57:36. > :57:40.psychologically upset about their eye bags, they probably would wear

:57:41. > :57:44.it every day. There are cohorts for those consumers because they are

:57:45. > :57:47.willing to go for surgery which would have more inherent risk, I

:57:48. > :57:51.don't think it will replace surgery, but it adds a great option for

:57:52. > :57:57.people who maybe don't want to take the surgical route and aren't able

:57:58. > :58:00.to have surgery to address this particular cosmetic application, but

:58:01. > :58:03.there are probably other applications that we haven't yet

:58:04. > :58:14.thought about or discovered. Thank you very much for your thoughts, Dr

:58:15. > :58:18.Kamara Griffiths. -- Tamara Griffiths.

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