19/05/2016

:00:27. > :00:28.We are getting unconfirmed reports that it has crashed off the Greek

:00:29. > :00:29.islands. One of British person was on board. We will bring you the

:00:30. > :00:33.latest throughout the programme. Also today: One death every three

:00:34. > :00:35.seconds from superbugs - the latest blunt warning

:00:36. > :00:38.about the future we face unless there's urgent action

:00:39. > :00:49.to tackle antibiotic resistance. We need to re-educate all 7 billion

:00:50. > :00:52.of us all over the world that antibiotics are useful when used

:00:53. > :00:56.with the right thing and in the right dosage, just as we were

:00:57. > :01:00.putting the final touches to our paper there was a major study being

:01:01. > :01:03.done in the US demonstrating that at least one in three of all

:01:04. > :01:04.antibiotics prescribed are not necessary.

:01:05. > :01:05.And overcrowding, drug abuse and violence -

:01:06. > :01:08.can the major problems facing many of our prisons be overcome?

:01:09. > :01:10.We'll look at Government plans to improve education

:01:11. > :01:26.and rehabilitation of inmates and ask if they will work.

:01:27. > :01:31.We'll bring you the latest on the missing EgyptAir plane

:01:32. > :01:40.We'll also be live at the Supreme Court where judges

:01:41. > :01:42.will decide whether to lift an injunction forbidding the naming

:01:43. > :01:44.of a celebrity involved in an extra-marital relationship.

:01:45. > :01:47.Do get in touch on all the stories we're talking about this morning -

:01:48. > :01:58.If you text, you will be charged at the standard network rate.

:01:59. > :02:07.In the last few minutes it has been reported that an eejit at passenger

:02:08. > :02:09.plane flying from Paris to Cairo last night has crashed off the Greek

:02:10. > :02:11.islands. Flight MS804 had 56 passengers

:02:12. > :02:13.and ten crew on board, Most of the passengers

:02:14. > :02:18.were Egyptian. There were also 15

:02:19. > :02:20.French people and one Briton. The Airbus 320 left Paris

:02:21. > :02:22.at about 11PM yesterday evening It was scheduled to fly over

:02:23. > :02:30.the Adriatic and across Greece, arriving in the Egyptian capital

:02:31. > :02:32.soon after 3am. It went missing from the radar

:02:33. > :02:36.at 2.45am local time, with the first reports coming out

:02:37. > :02:41.about five hours ago. The plane was flying at 37,000 feet

:02:42. > :02:44.when it disappeared ten miles The last contact with the pilot

:02:45. > :02:49.was about ten minutes before Egypt's prime minister

:02:50. > :02:57.says search and rescue The French have offered planes

:02:58. > :03:07.and ships to help out. The Egyptian prime minister

:03:08. > :03:09.was asked if terrorism could be involved -

:03:10. > :03:16.he said no possibility These were the scenes at the

:03:17. > :03:19.check-in desk at Charles de Gaulle airport as the news emerged this

:03:20. > :03:26.morning. The eejit air flight took off from here hours earlier at

:03:27. > :03:30.11:09pm yesterday evening -- eejit air. The airline said there were 56

:03:31. > :03:43.passengers including one child and two babies, including ten crew on

:03:44. > :03:49.board MS804. The Airbus 820 was travelling from Paris to Cairo. It

:03:50. > :03:52.disappeared from radar about ten miles after entering Egyptian

:03:53. > :03:59.airspace of the Mediterranean Sea. The airline tweeted that flight

:04:00. > :04:04.MS804 lost contact at quarter to three, about 20 minutes before it

:04:05. > :04:08.was scheduled to land in the Egyptian capital. They said they had

:04:09. > :04:13.contacted the authorities. Search teams have been sent to the last

:04:14. > :04:19.recorded location, 30 to 40 miles north of aged's coast. According to

:04:20. > :04:24.one unconfirmed report, the captain of a ship about 150 miles south of

:04:25. > :04:27.the Greek island, reported seeing a flame in the sky. They have

:04:28. > :04:33.pinpointed roughly where they have seen it go down -- where they

:04:34. > :04:37.believe it has gone down, unfortunately the deepest part of

:04:38. > :04:41.the Mediterranean. My belief is there are ships, radar and a plane

:04:42. > :04:45.on the way to the crash site and so they are basically suggesting that

:04:46. > :04:50.it has actually gone down into the Mediterranean. As time goes by,

:04:51. > :04:53.Cairo International Airport has become a focal point, where families

:04:54. > :04:57.of the missing passengers have started to gather. They await news

:04:58. > :05:01.of their loved ones. We can speak now to our Paris

:05:02. > :05:08.correspondent Lucy Williamson who's The latest we are hearing is that

:05:09. > :05:15.they think this plane may have come down near the Greek island of car

:05:16. > :05:19.Paphos. What are you hearing? It has been quite confusing morning

:05:20. > :05:23.with the Egyptian authorities appearing to say one thing and then

:05:24. > :05:28.retracting and the Egyptian military denying they have had this distress

:05:29. > :05:32.signal sent to them. Now it seems that the bits of information we are

:05:33. > :05:35.getting are coalescing around the possibility that the plane has

:05:36. > :05:40.crashed into the sea but it is of course very early days still. Behind

:05:41. > :05:45.me the EgyptAir desk has just opened, I don't know if you can see

:05:46. > :05:49.but it is mobbed here this morning, people here in France obviously

:05:50. > :05:54.concerned for the French passengers on board the plane along with the 30

:05:55. > :05:59.Egyptian and many other nationalities of course. But also

:06:00. > :06:03.questions being raised here in front about what, if anything, might have

:06:04. > :06:08.gone wrong here at Charles de Gaulle airport where the plane took off. Of

:06:09. > :06:11.course we don't know yet whether the plane has crashed and what might

:06:12. > :06:14.have caused it but you can imagine at a tense time like this in France

:06:15. > :06:23.there are already questions being asked. What can you tell us about

:06:24. > :06:27.who was on board? 56 -- 66 people, one Briton amongst those other

:06:28. > :06:32.nationalities, mostly Egyptian, and some French as well as others, what

:06:33. > :06:38.can you tell us about those security personnel on board?

:06:39. > :06:41.We know that there were ten crew on board, and according to the reports

:06:42. > :06:49.from Egypt air there were seven cabin crew, seven crew, if you like,

:06:50. > :06:54.and three security officials. We are not clear yet exactly what role they

:06:55. > :07:00.played but that is one of the things that people are keen to pin down,

:07:01. > :07:04.what their role was and why they were on board, was it a regular

:07:05. > :07:09.thing? EgyptAir have had problems in the past, are hijacking back in

:07:10. > :07:14.March, another Egyptian airline was blown up over the Sinai last

:07:15. > :07:18.October, so eejit has had a rather bad year when it comes to airline

:07:19. > :07:22.security. Whether the security officials were a routine thing or

:07:23. > :07:26.whether they're a were something special and as I say that is the

:07:27. > :07:28.question, one of many questions being asked here.

:07:29. > :07:35.Our correspondent Sally Nabil is in Cairo.

:07:36. > :07:42.What is the latest you are hearing their?

:07:43. > :07:46.I am at Cairo International Airport where many family of the passengers

:07:47. > :07:50.have been arriving over the last hour. They looked distressed and

:07:51. > :07:55.heartbroken and they were reluctant to speak to the media, we rarely

:07:56. > :07:58.managed to speak to one of them and they complained about the lack of

:07:59. > :08:02.information and want the authorities to give them more information about

:08:03. > :08:07.what has happened. They are still waiting for more updates from the

:08:08. > :08:12.aviation authorities. Just a short while ago the Egyptian Prime

:08:13. > :08:16.Minister spoke to the media, when he was asked about the reasons behind

:08:17. > :08:23.the sudden disappearances that it was very early to make presumptions.

:08:24. > :08:27.He said they are investigating all possible scenarios and not excluding

:08:28. > :08:31.any of them. He said it might be a terrorist attack, who knows? They

:08:32. > :08:36.are still digging into the story and looking at all of the options. In

:08:37. > :08:42.less than four minutes from now the Ministry of civil aviation will hold

:08:43. > :08:47.a press conference -- hold a meeting with the families and we will have

:08:48. > :08:50.to wait and see what is happening but they are dismissing reports

:08:51. > :08:54.talking about the reasons behind the disappearance of the plane and said

:08:55. > :09:03.that media should stick to official statement issued by eejit air or the

:09:04. > :09:05.Ministry of civil aviation. -- issued by EgyptAir.

:09:06. > :09:10.Ayew able to confirm whether there were distress reports or not? There

:09:11. > :09:16.have been conflicting reports. It was reported there was a distress

:09:17. > :09:22.signal at around 4:30am local time, the military team reported as

:09:23. > :09:26.discovering that, but a military statement later totally denying the

:09:27. > :09:30.reports. So far we know that no distress calls were issued from the

:09:31. > :09:34.cabin crew, according to official statements. We understand as well

:09:35. > :09:40.that rescue and search operations are under way, the Army has already

:09:41. > :09:44.deployed aircraft and maybe ships to search the area where the plane is

:09:45. > :09:49.believed to have disappeared. Greece is helping as well, France has

:09:50. > :09:55.offered help, we understand the National Security Council will

:09:56. > :10:00.convene shortly. The Egyptian president has been in contact to try

:10:01. > :10:07.to coordinate the search and rescue operations and efforts. .

:10:08. > :10:11.If you or anyone you know is concerned about relatives or friends

:10:12. > :10:13.following the disappearance of that flight, there is a free number you

:10:14. > :10:36.can call provided by EgyptAir. You can find the latest information

:10:37. > :10:37.on this developing story on a special live page on the BBC News

:10:38. > :10:51.website. Annita is in the BBC

:10:52. > :10:54.Newsroom with a summary Superbugs resistant to antibiotics

:10:55. > :11:00.will kill someone every three seconds by 2050 unless the world

:11:01. > :11:02.acts now, according A global review led by the economist

:11:03. > :11:06.Jim O'Neill was asked by the Prime Minister to investigate

:11:07. > :11:10.the problem two years ago. In its final report it says over

:11:11. > :11:13.?27 billion needs to be While the review was taking place,

:11:14. > :11:19.doctors discovered bacteria that can shrug off a medicine called

:11:20. > :11:21.'colistin' - known as We'll be speaking to people affected

:11:22. > :11:27.by superbugs later in the show. A leading Conservative MP

:11:28. > :11:31.campaigning for the UK to leave the EU says the debate has descended

:11:32. > :11:34.into "insults, personal attacks Steve Baker, who co-chairs

:11:35. > :11:41.the Conservatives For Britain group, has accused Downing Street

:11:42. > :11:43.of briefing against Tories However, Number Ten has dismissed

:11:44. > :11:49.the claims and insist its campaign The doctors' union,

:11:50. > :11:55.the British Medical Association, is to ballot its members

:11:56. > :12:01.about whether to accept a deal reached yesterday with Government

:12:02. > :12:03.negotiators to end the dispute over a new contract for junior

:12:04. > :12:05.doctors in England. Both sides reached an agreement

:12:06. > :12:07.on weekend working, after ten days of talks

:12:08. > :12:09.at the conciliation service, ACAS. The BMA says it's the "best

:12:10. > :12:14.and final way" to end the row. Researchers from Oxford University

:12:15. > :12:18.say people who have symptoms of a minor stroke should be

:12:19. > :12:24.given aspirin immediately. A study in the medical journal

:12:25. > :12:30.The Lancet claims the benefits of aspirin in preventing further

:12:31. > :12:32.strokes or limiting their harm A rare diamond has fetched

:12:33. > :12:52.an astonishing ?39.5 million making it the most expensive jewel

:12:53. > :12:55.ever sold at an auction. Two phone bidders entered into a 20

:12:56. > :12:58.minute bidding war for the large, translucent blue gem -

:12:59. > :13:00.known as the Oppenheimer Blue. It gets it's name from it's previous

:13:01. > :13:03.owner Sir Philip Oppenheimer, who controlled the Diamond Syndicate

:13:04. > :13:05.in London. The buyer's identity

:13:06. > :13:06.hasn't been made public. That's a summary of the latest BBC

:13:07. > :13:12.News - more at 9.30. We will keep you up-to-date with the

:13:13. > :13:17.latest developments on that pound EgyptAir flight MS804 which went off

:13:18. > :13:21.the radar at 37,000 feet just 15 minutes or so from its destination

:13:22. > :13:25.of Cairo. The latest reports are that it has possibly come down near

:13:26. > :13:30.the Greek island of Karpathos. 66 people were on board the flight. We

:13:31. > :13:34.will stay across the development and keep you up-to-date. We will also be

:13:35. > :13:39.talking about prisons and how they can be improved. Get in touch with

:13:40. > :13:41.us throughout the morning using the hashtag, and if you text you will be

:13:42. > :13:50.charged at the standard network rate.

:13:51. > :13:52.Let's catch up with the sport. I still cannot get over the size of

:13:53. > :14:02.that Diamond! Liverpool's dreams of another

:14:03. > :14:04.European trophy and maybe even more importantly

:14:05. > :14:05.champions league football Their fans outnumbered those

:14:06. > :14:15.of opponents Sevilla in the Europa League final

:14:16. > :14:24.last night in Basel, but on the pitch their players were

:14:25. > :14:30.very much second-best. Liverpool dominated the first half

:14:31. > :14:33.and took a deserved lead with this spectacular effort

:14:34. > :14:35.from Daniel Sturridge. It took just 17

:14:36. > :14:37.seconds for Seviilla to equalise Kevin Gameiro put the Spanish side

:14:38. > :14:40.level and then their captain Coke ruined Liverpool's

:14:41. > :14:42.night with two goals. The second was initially

:14:43. > :14:44.ruled out for offside It's Sevilla's THIRD successive

:14:45. > :14:47.Europa League final win. It's the second final Liverpool have

:14:48. > :14:53.lost under manager We will use this, that is what we

:14:54. > :14:55.have to do. We are not in and international competition next year,

:14:56. > :14:57.which means no football on Thursday, so we will use it and we will come

:14:58. > :15:01.back stronger, that is the shore. They may have been relegated

:15:02. > :15:04.from the Premier League, but some good news for Aston Villa

:15:05. > :15:07.fans this morning, as a takeover has been agreed by Chinese

:15:08. > :15:09.entrepreneur Dr Tony Xia. He's agreed a ?60-million

:15:10. > :15:11.deal with current owner Randy Lerner, which is subject

:15:12. > :15:13.to Football League approval. It would make him the sole owner

:15:14. > :15:22.of the now Championship club. Overcrowded cells, thousands

:15:23. > :15:29.of assaults, endemic drug use Prisons in England and Wales

:15:30. > :15:32.face enormous challenges in achieving their aim

:15:33. > :15:35.of rehabilitating prisoners Now the Government has unveiled

:15:36. > :15:39.a series of proposals aimed Under the plans, tagged inmates

:15:40. > :15:43.could be sent home on week days and there would be more emphasis

:15:44. > :15:46.on educating prisoners. Governors in six prisons -

:15:47. > :15:48.including Wandsworth, one of the biggest in Europe -

:15:49. > :15:53.will be given new powers over budgets and setting

:15:54. > :15:56.the daily regime. This week our correspondent

:15:57. > :15:59.Ed Thomas has been reporting Here are some extracts

:16:00. > :16:04.from his reports, which give a sense You won't be able

:16:05. > :16:18.to defend yourself. If you can't defend yourself,

:16:19. > :16:24.you'll become a victim, innit. They'll have murders in here,

:16:25. > :16:47.left, right and centre. I've gone to them and I said

:16:48. > :16:50.at the end of the day you are putting me in a predicament

:16:51. > :16:53.where I have no alternative With the greatest of respect

:16:54. > :16:57.they are so short staffed in here this place can't run,

:16:58. > :17:00.it's unsafe, even a lot of the staff There is spice, you can get heroin,

:17:01. > :17:14.you can get crack, you can get Right now all I've got to do

:17:15. > :17:18.is go down to the twos, to the threes, to the ones,

:17:19. > :17:20.everything is there, Here to discuss this

:17:21. > :17:24.is Courtney Porter who has spent much of the last decade

:17:25. > :17:26.in the prison system, Mark Johnson who spent time in jail

:17:27. > :17:29.as a young adult and now runs a mentoring charity,

:17:30. > :17:35.Former prison governor Peter Dawson, and Nina Champion a prison

:17:36. > :17:45.education specialist. Thank you for joining us. Peter, you

:17:46. > :17:49.are a former governor and deputy director of the Prison Reform Trust.

:17:50. > :17:53.The director of the Prison Reform Trust has summed up the situation in

:17:54. > :17:57.Britain's is this by saying they have been the most neglected, least

:17:58. > :18:05.visible public service. How would you sum it up? That is right. It is

:18:06. > :18:13.encouraging that the Government has put prisoners at the front of their

:18:14. > :18:17.injured agenda. It shows there is an urgent and immediate problem to be

:18:18. > :18:24.soulful stock of prisons are not safe, it will not be possible for to

:18:25. > :18:30.rehabilitate. That was a snapshot we are looking at. How representative

:18:31. > :18:35.is it? Some prisoners are still doing a good job. National numbers

:18:36. > :18:39.show the number of people dying, the number of assaults and the amount of

:18:40. > :18:45.disorder in prisons is all getting worse. Those trends appear to be

:18:46. > :18:52.accelerating. Where does rehabilitating inmates rank in the

:18:53. > :18:55.list of priorities? Most people who have lived or worked in prison say

:18:56. > :19:00.the safest prisons are the ones where prisoners are out most and

:19:01. > :19:08.staff have a chance to get to know them it means staff can see where

:19:09. > :19:14.they are not coping. Why does that not happen? It is the ratio between

:19:15. > :19:18.staff and prisoners. You can increase the number of staff and

:19:19. > :19:21.look at the number of people held in prison. We have doubled the number

:19:22. > :19:28.of people imprisoned over the last 20 years. We have said you spent the

:19:29. > :19:34.last ten years in and out of prison. What have you experience is being?

:19:35. > :19:40.Mental health issues is the big thing. They do not address people

:19:41. > :19:45.with mental health issues. You go in there and to get put into the stick.

:19:46. > :19:55.It is really horrible. I have suffered from depression, illness. I

:19:56. > :20:00.have tried to kill myself before. There's nothing for mental health.

:20:01. > :20:04.That is a big issue. There was nothing where you get out of jail.

:20:05. > :20:10.When you come out of jail there is nothing. They leave us with nothing.

:20:11. > :20:18.You have to go to the Jobcentre for a course. There is no help, nothing.

:20:19. > :20:23.When you have gone inside, each time, how have you felt? Have you

:20:24. > :20:30.ever felt you are therefore rehabilitation? There is no

:20:31. > :20:33.rehabilitation. I go in there and to the courses. When you come out none

:20:34. > :20:38.of the courses are helping me. Do they do courses inside? Why did

:20:39. > :20:50.they not help? You get the courses. When they come out

:20:51. > :20:54.of jail, they do not mean nothing. You go to the Jobcentre.

:20:55. > :20:58.I have done English, maths, painting and decorating.

:20:59. > :21:04.Quite a few courses. When I go to the Jobcentre, I have said, can you

:21:05. > :21:09.for a forklift course? I found in jail and took it to the Jobcentre.

:21:10. > :21:14.They said, we cannot help you. You have to try and

:21:15. > :21:19.sign on, tried to look for work. I have nowhere to live. I am sofa

:21:20. > :21:23.surfing right now. Did you ever settle into a life with

:21:24. > :21:34.a job? No, they never give people second

:21:35. > :21:35.chances. If you have a criminal record, no one

:21:36. > :21:39.gives us a second chance. Me, I will work anywhere.

:21:40. > :21:48.I will give 100%, 10% back. They do not do anything. My mother suffers

:21:49. > :21:54.from schizophrenia. I have been through the system for a long time.

:21:55. > :21:58.They do not help my mum, let alone me. You are 45.

:21:59. > :22:03.You went to jail when you were 16. You have spent four years in all in

:22:04. > :22:12.jail. Tell us your experiences. said already about mental health and

:22:13. > :22:16.drink and So many people have drink related

:22:17. > :22:29.offending. None of the announcement is around

:22:30. > :22:30.addressing the true causes. He said he would

:22:31. > :22:34.put mental health as the number-one priority for him.

:22:35. > :22:38.We are talking about staffing levels designs of prison and putting

:22:39. > :22:41.prisoners back in control, but not getting to the

:22:42. > :22:54.point. The last time you are in jail was

:22:55. > :23:05.1997. What stop cycle? It was not prison. I used drugs from a very

:23:06. > :23:06.early age. I got clean in 2000. I went to one-year residential drug

:23:07. > :23:17.treatment. It was a 1970s room, with holes in the chairs and with a group

:23:18. > :23:20.of people who really understood the nature of my problems. They were

:23:21. > :23:22.prepared to roll their sleeves up and get into my head.

:23:23. > :23:25.All of the consequences I had in the past.

:23:26. > :23:36.caused me huge consequences, we talk about the victims. The

:23:37. > :23:48.Once I addressed those reasons, I started to want to go to learn. I

:23:49. > :23:54.did an RSA in arboriculture. I set up a charity in 2009 with my own

:23:55. > :23:54.money. Now it turns over 1.6 million and reaches

:23:55. > :24:06.The key parts, which gets missed across the board makes me quite

:24:07. > :24:11.angry, is the public. When somebody goes to court and goes to prison,

:24:12. > :24:18.the public wants to know the reasons they are there getting addressed.

:24:19. > :24:22.Not literacy and numerous ee. It is very middle-class perception of

:24:23. > :24:33.education and vocations. -- and numerous leave. You work with

:24:34. > :24:40.education in prisons. The prison 's education trust has been calling for

:24:41. > :24:44.a long time for reform to prison education. It is not just about a

:24:45. > :24:50.sick qualifications but it includes out. It includes a much wider

:24:51. > :24:54.aspect, addressing behaviours and attitudes, working with other

:24:55. > :25:00.people. All the skills you need to survive and cope in prison and after

:25:01. > :25:02.release. How widely is that happening?

:25:03. > :25:15.Half will reoffend within a year of release. It needs radical change.

:25:16. > :25:22.It is absolutely crucial. Education is a real driver for that. It is

:25:23. > :25:25.about engaging people in education. Often they have really bad

:25:26. > :25:31.experiences. The broad description of what you give would be different

:25:32. > :25:36.from the perspective most people have when the word, education, is

:25:37. > :25:40.first mentioned. Is that what you think will happen? I really hope so.

:25:41. > :25:45.Giving governors the freedom and flexibility to look at the needs of

:25:46. > :25:50.prison populations. Every prison is different. Prisoners who want

:25:51. > :25:57.on courses and have a career, actually they should be harnessed.

:25:58. > :26:02.He said he had to wait three months to get on a course.

:26:03. > :26:07.Using things like arts and sports and

:26:08. > :26:14.releasing people on day release and college and going on placements, all

:26:15. > :26:21.of these things should drive a much bigger focus. One thing you cannot

:26:22. > :26:24.get around is about the criminal record and people being

:26:25. > :26:32.reluctant to give someone a second chance. The report

:26:33. > :26:39.I recognise it as understanding what prisons are like and how

:26:40. > :26:46.stitching bits together is difficult. Another important

:26:47. > :26:50.announcement the Prime Minister made is called banging the box in the

:26:51. > :26:54.civil service. You do not have to say at the first point whether you

:26:55. > :26:59.have a criminal record or not. People can see what you are like and

:27:00. > :27:02.judge you on your personality. It is really important that other

:27:03. > :27:05.employers do that. The Prime Minister said it to put down a

:27:06. > :27:15.challenge to other employers to adopt the same procedure. They were

:27:16. > :27:21.talking about education progression. He has done a lot of low-level

:27:22. > :27:25.courses. People want to progress to higher levels. If you're going for a

:27:26. > :27:29.job in competing against some of who does not have a conviction, you have

:27:30. > :27:33.something extra to offer an employer and say, I have a level three rather

:27:34. > :27:41.than a level two and I have this further experience. That will give

:27:42. > :27:45.you the edge. Housing is the main thing was that if you do not have

:27:46. > :27:49.someone stable with you, they move you back into the same area where

:27:50. > :27:53.you will be offended. It is appalling. I have been through the

:27:54. > :28:00.system so much. They have never, ever help me out. What do you say

:28:01. > :28:05.about that? More importantly a more relevant now

:28:06. > :28:11.is I am in an organisation run by mostly prisoners.

:28:12. > :28:16.disconnect, the announcements made in prison, everyone agrees broadly

:28:17. > :28:20.it is really positive but it still does not tackle the real key points.

:28:21. > :28:34.within four walls. The problem is, everybody gets out. If he has not

:28:35. > :28:41.had his key issues addressed, why other reasons you are here? I know

:28:42. > :28:45.Courtney did not get assessed. He still has not been assessed for

:28:46. > :28:50.mental health. On release there is a disconnect because there are 21

:28:51. > :28:52.different providers around the country that to rehabilitation

:28:53. > :28:58.within the community and they need to be shared. The governors need to

:28:59. > :29:03.have a stake in long-term rehabilitation. We need to be

:29:04. > :29:06.looking at that as not to separate organisations or five, it needs to

:29:07. > :29:12.be one. Someone needs to be in charge of getting the numbers down

:29:13. > :29:16.and really reducing reoffending. That is what so great about looking

:29:17. > :29:20.at the outcome focused measures. It is about looking at

:29:21. > :29:27.what is beyond the gate. If you start to say, you will be judged on

:29:28. > :29:30.a number of people who reoffend when they are released and the number of

:29:31. > :29:34.people with accommodation at the number of people going into

:29:35. > :29:37.education training, suddenly that becomes a big incentive for everyone

:29:38. > :29:45.to start looking beyond the gate and what will happen afterwards.

:29:46. > :29:47.Well, in a statement the Justice Secretary Michael Gove

:29:48. > :29:50.said prisons must do more to rehabilitate offenders.

:29:51. > :29:53.In a statement he said: "By trusting governors to get on with the job,

:29:54. > :29:56.we can make sure prisons are places of education, work and

:29:57. > :29:58.These reforms will reduce re-offending, cut crime

:29:59. > :30:18.Let me bring you some news on the missing plane that was travelling to

:30:19. > :30:22.Cairo, MS804, 66 passengers on board, believed to have gone down

:30:23. > :30:26.near to the Greek island of Karpathos. We are hearing the Royal

:30:27. > :30:32.Navy is now making contingency plans to help in the search. RFA Lyme Bay,

:30:33. > :30:37.Cardigan Bay and HMS enterprise are all in the region and are ready to

:30:38. > :30:43.help if requested. You can see there the map, the plane went down in the

:30:44. > :30:49.early hours of the morning just short of Cairo, its destination from

:30:50. > :30:53.Paris. It was an Airbus A320. There were initial reports that a distress

:30:54. > :30:59.signal was sent out but those reports have been denied. The

:31:00. > :31:03.Egyptian Prime Minister has said he cannot rule out any possibility when

:31:04. > :31:09.asked whether a terrorist attack was behind that plane going missing. We

:31:10. > :31:13.are expecting a news conference live in Paris shortly, so we will bring

:31:14. > :31:15.that to you when it happens, and we will keep you up-to-date with all of

:31:16. > :31:19.the latest of elements. In the next few minutes a court

:31:20. > :31:26.is due to rule on a privacy injunction preventing identificaiton

:31:27. > :31:28.of a celebrity involved We will be talking about that in

:31:29. > :31:43.Junction and the ruling today. Sir Nicholas Winton,

:31:44. > :31:45.the man known as Britain's Schindler is remembered for bringing nearly

:31:46. > :31:47.700 Jewish children to Britain in 1939 - we speak to his son

:31:48. > :31:51.and one of the children he rescued. Here's Annita in the BBC Newsroom

:31:52. > :31:54.with a summary of todays news. It's reported that an EgyptAir plane

:31:55. > :32:04.from Paris to Cairo that disappeared off radar overnight has

:32:05. > :32:08.crashed 130 miles off There were 66 people on board,

:32:09. > :32:12.including one British person. Flight MS804 - an Airbus A320 -

:32:13. > :32:15.was en route from Paris to Cairo. It went missing about 20 minutes

:32:16. > :32:24.before it was due to land The RAF says it is making

:32:25. > :32:27.contingency plans to help look for the missing plane, and the Royal

:32:28. > :32:31.Navy said it has three ships in the region ready to help if requested.

:32:32. > :32:33.Superbugs resistant to antibiotics will kill someone every three

:32:34. > :32:36.seconds by 2050 unless the world acts now, according

:32:37. > :32:40.A global review led by the economist Jim O'Neill was asked

:32:41. > :32:43.by the Prime Minister to investigate the problem two years ago.

:32:44. > :32:45.In its final report it says over ?27 billion needs to be

:32:46. > :32:56.While the review was taking place, doctors discovered bacteria that can

:32:57. > :32:58.shrug off a medicine called colistin - known as

:32:59. > :33:01.The doctors' union, the British Medical Association,

:33:02. > :33:04.is to ballot its members about whether to accept a deal

:33:05. > :33:06.reached yesterday with Government negotiators to end the dispute over

:33:07. > :33:09.a new contract for junior doctors in England.

:33:10. > :33:12.Both sides reached an agreement on weekend working,

:33:13. > :33:14.after ten days of talks at the conciliation service,

:33:15. > :33:28.The BMA says it's the "best and final way" to end the row.

:33:29. > :33:32.More than 200,000 Vauxhall Zafiras are to be recalled for a second time

:33:33. > :33:37.over a problem that has seen some cars burst into flames.

:33:38. > :33:39.The manufacturer said the issue was caused by improper

:33:40. > :33:42.repairs to the vehicles' blower motor resistor.

:33:43. > :33:45.The cars were initially recalled last December.

:33:46. > :33:52.That's a summary of the latest BBC News.

:33:53. > :34:02.Let me just tell you that we are hearing from the Supreme Court that

:34:03. > :34:09.the celebrity who wants to keep his name out of a tabloid newspaper in a

:34:10. > :34:12.story about alleged extramarital activities has won his fight at the

:34:13. > :34:16.Supreme Court to stop the Sun On Sunday revealing his identity, that

:34:17. > :34:20.has just come through and we will be talking about it shortly, but that's

:34:21. > :34:21.just through from the Supreme Court. That catch up with the sport with

:34:22. > :34:24.Tim. Liverpool's dream of another

:34:25. > :34:26.European trophy and Champions League They were beaten 3-1 by Sevilla in

:34:27. > :34:33.the Europa League final last night. It's the second final they've lost

:34:34. > :34:35.under manager Jurgen Aston Villa are set be taken over

:34:36. > :34:42.by Chinese entrepreneur Dr Tony Xia. He's struck a ?60-million deal

:34:43. > :34:44.with current owner Randy Lerner, which is subject to

:34:45. > :34:50.Football League approval. It would make him the sole owner

:34:51. > :34:52.of the Championship club. Harlequins prop Joe Marler has

:34:53. > :34:54.withdrawn from England's Marler was suspended for kicking

:34:55. > :35:00.an opponent in April. That followed a two-match ban

:35:01. > :35:03.for calling Wales' Samson Lee "Gypsy And history beckons for England

:35:04. > :35:09.captain Alastair Cook ahead of this morning's first Test

:35:10. > :35:13.against Sri Lanka at Headingley. The 31-year-old needs just 36 runs

:35:14. > :35:32.to become the youngest player Let me bring you back to that

:35:33. > :35:36.Supreme Court ruling I was telling you about a moment ago. The

:35:37. > :35:40.celebrity who wants to keep his name out of a tabloid newspaper story

:35:41. > :35:43.about alleged extramarital activities has won his fight against

:35:44. > :35:49.the Sun On Sunday revealing his identity. Let's take you straight to

:35:50. > :35:51.the supreme court to listen in. Section 12 subsection four's

:35:52. > :35:58.reference to a privacy code is relevant to the children since MGN

:35:59. > :36:02.subscribes to the independent press and the scope which confirms editors

:36:03. > :36:05.must demonstrate an exceptional public interest to override the

:36:06. > :36:12.normally paramount interests of children. Fourthly, as to public

:36:13. > :36:17.availability. It is true that the story has been accessible on the

:36:18. > :36:21.Internet and social media. But if the injunction were to be lifted

:36:22. > :36:26.there would be intensive coverage of the story by the Sun On Sunday and

:36:27. > :36:31.there is little doubt by other newspapers, as well as unrestricted

:36:32. > :36:34.Internet and social media coverage. All of which would constitute

:36:35. > :36:39.additional and potentially more enduring invasions of the privacy of

:36:40. > :36:46.PDFs, his partner, and their children. Turning to other factors,

:36:47. > :36:51.if publication were permitted now, it would be likely to deprive a

:36:52. > :36:56.trial of any real purpose since all privacy by then would have been

:36:57. > :37:00.destroyed. Damages after the event, whatever their measure, would be

:37:01. > :37:05.unlikely to give any real consolation or redress to any of

:37:06. > :37:11.those involved. Bearing in mind all the circumstances, the court has

:37:12. > :37:16.come to the conclusion that the injunction should continue pending

:37:17. > :37:20.trial on the basis that first the absence on present evidence on any

:37:21. > :37:24.genuine public interest justifying publication means that a permanent

:37:25. > :37:28.injunction would be likely to be granted at trial, and second and

:37:29. > :37:37.interim injunction is appropriate to project -- protect PJS, his partner

:37:38. > :37:47.and their children pending a full trial which should not be rendered

:37:48. > :37:50.substantially relevant. The appeal will accordingly be allowed and the

:37:51. > :37:58.injunction restored and continued until trial or further order.

:37:59. > :38:02.The court is now adjourned. That was the ruling in the Supreme

:38:03. > :38:07.Court that means that the celebrity who wants to keep his name out of a

:38:08. > :38:11.tabloid newspaper story about alleged extramarital activities has

:38:12. > :38:16.won his fight to stop the Sun On Sunday revealing his identity. We

:38:17. > :38:18.heard the judge saying the editors must demonstrate exceptional public

:38:19. > :38:27.interest to override the paramount interest of children and said that

:38:28. > :38:31.was not the case in this particular case. He described relatively old

:38:32. > :38:35.sexual history and two young children involved here. The

:38:36. > :38:36.injunction remains in place. We will be talking more about that added

:38:37. > :38:39.later. Let's get more now on the EgyptAir

:38:40. > :38:41.plane which has gone missing One report says it's come down 130

:38:42. > :38:45.miles from the Greek The plane was flying

:38:46. > :38:49.from Paris to Cairo when it I can now speak to Simon Boxall,

:38:50. > :39:03.an oceanographer with Thank you for joining us. Tell us

:39:04. > :39:08.how easy or difficult it will be to locate wreckage if it has gone down

:39:09. > :39:13.in that area, as is suspected? If it has, it would be relatively easy to

:39:14. > :39:16.locate service wreckage. A very different scenario to MH370 which

:39:17. > :39:21.tragically went down over two years ago in the Indian Ocean. They have a

:39:22. > :39:26.fairly accurate pinpoint as to where the plane was last seen on radar so

:39:27. > :39:30.the search area is very small and of course it sits surrounded by

:39:31. > :39:33.reasonably close land, which means that ships, aircraft and helicopters

:39:34. > :39:43.can reach the scene relatively quickly. In the cage of MH370 it was

:39:44. > :39:46.two or three days for a ship to get there, by the time aircraft got

:39:47. > :39:49.there they only spent a short period of time on search, so it is a

:39:50. > :39:51.question of when rather than if they find anything from this particular

:39:52. > :39:56.aircraft. And how long do you suspect a search like this might

:39:57. > :39:59.take? It is difficult to say. There is an assumption that the

:40:00. > :40:04.Mediterranean is shallow, but the area it has gone down in is very

:40:05. > :40:08.rugged, up to three kilometres, nearly two miles deep, so it is

:40:09. > :40:12.still deep water and anything on the sea bed will take months to find and

:40:13. > :40:20.recover. But that is assuming it has gone down. It is very early to say

:40:21. > :40:24.yet. It is not a simple task but it is possible. What about conditions

:40:25. > :40:29.in the area? Those are factors that will be relevant in any search and

:40:30. > :40:33.rescue operation. We have heard that air traffic control report no

:40:34. > :40:37.serious weather issues. That does not tell us what the state of the

:40:38. > :40:41.sea is like, aircraft don't tend to worry about the state, and this area

:40:42. > :40:45.can whip up some big storms this time of year. I have worked out

:40:46. > :40:49.there and in the space of a few hours you can go from flat, calm

:40:50. > :40:53.seas to stormy seas quite quickly. The weather will not necessarily be

:40:54. > :40:58.that classic Mediterranean flat, calm sea, so that can cause problems

:40:59. > :41:01.but again it comes back to identifying what happened to the

:41:02. > :41:04.aircraft and then the search and rescue would be a relatively small

:41:05. > :41:10.area. They will get to the bottom of what happened. If and when the

:41:11. > :41:16.wreckage is located, if this is what has happened, will it be retrieved

:41:17. > :41:21.from the sea bed? What normally happens? We are looking at deep

:41:22. > :41:27.water so it is retrievable, if you think back to the problems BP had

:41:28. > :41:31.with the Gulf of Mexico spill, the water there was relatively shallow

:41:32. > :41:34.compared to the water here, so you are still talking about

:41:35. > :41:38.technological challenges, but it is possible, there is the tools and

:41:39. > :41:44.technology to work to these depths, so it is a question of mounting an

:41:45. > :41:48.exercise, assuming there is nothing on the sea bed, to recover from the

:41:49. > :41:53.sea bed, and we are looking here at the black boxes. And presumably an

:41:54. > :41:57.Operation Magnum 's would be very expensive, specialist undertaking?

:41:58. > :42:04.Very much so but of course there are a lot of countries and operation

:42:05. > :42:07.like this. It would be under the auspices of the extent -- to an

:42:08. > :42:12.extent of the EU as well. Thank you very much. Let's go back

:42:13. > :42:15.to the Supreme Court which has rejected an attempt to overturn a

:42:16. > :42:19.privacy injunction which prevents the identical occasion of as a

:42:20. > :42:24.liberty involved in an extramarital threesome in England and Wales. The

:42:25. > :42:28.court ruled it was private and there was no public interest despite

:42:29. > :42:36.intense coverage outside in America, Canada and Scotland. Sarah Campbell

:42:37. > :42:43.is at the Supreme Court. Tell us more about the reasons given in the

:42:44. > :42:48.judgment. This court case started off as a

:42:49. > :42:51.basic kiss and tell story, two individuals going to a national

:42:52. > :42:56.newspaper with details of sexual encounters with a married,

:42:57. > :43:00.well-known public individual, and it developed from there. In January of

:43:01. > :43:05.this year and injunction was put in place on the grounds of breached

:43:06. > :43:10.privacy, which meant nobody in England or Wales, no paper, no

:43:11. > :43:13.publication, could publish the name of that individual. What is

:43:14. > :43:19.different about this case is that the name was published in the United

:43:20. > :43:22.States, Canada and Scotland, and so what News group newspapers, who

:43:23. > :43:26.owned the Sun On Sunday, was arguing was that because effectively that

:43:27. > :43:31.was the case this injunction should be lifted, but by a majority of 4-1

:43:32. > :43:35.today the Supreme Court gave their judgment to say, no, that is not the

:43:36. > :43:39.case. Going through the reasons, this has always been a balancing act

:43:40. > :43:45.between the freedom of expression of the press, their right to do that,

:43:46. > :43:51.and the rights of the individual. In summing up the judgment, saying

:43:52. > :43:54.privacy interests, the publication would infringe the privacy rights of

:43:55. > :44:00.PJS, their partner and their children. There is no public

:44:01. > :44:04.interest in publishing kiss and tell stories or criticisms of Private

:44:05. > :44:08.sexual conduct. And with relation to this injunction and whether these

:44:09. > :44:12.injunctions work or not, this is interesting, it says, as to public

:44:13. > :44:15.availability it is true the story has been accessible on the Internet

:44:16. > :44:19.and social media but if the injunction were to be lifted there

:44:20. > :44:22.would be more intensive coverage, and he goes onto say that this would

:44:23. > :44:27.mean additional and potentially more enduring invasions the privacy of

:44:28. > :44:33.PJS, their partner and children. There is an ongoing legal court

:44:34. > :44:37.case, in the run-up to the court case looking at breach of privacy,

:44:38. > :44:43.so we now know that nobody should be able to publish the names involved

:44:44. > :44:48.until that court case happens. One of the four judges who did disagree

:44:49. > :44:52.said that although the story would involve acute unpleasantness, it is

:44:53. > :44:56.not going to go away, injunction or no injunction, which gives a sense

:44:57. > :44:57.that even in legal circles this is a tricky issue.

:44:58. > :45:03.Thanks very much, Sarah. Let's talk now to Sara Mansoori QC,

:45:04. > :45:06.a leading injunction lawyer, who has represented football stars

:45:07. > :45:08.Rio Ferdinand, Ryan Giggs as well as Max Mosley,

:45:09. > :45:14.who used to be in charge Thank you for coming in, what is

:45:15. > :45:20.your reaction to the ruling? It represents a fundamental shift in

:45:21. > :45:25.the law of privacy, and it is a recognition by the Supreme Court

:45:26. > :45:29.that these injunctions protect not just secrets but also from

:45:30. > :45:37.unwarranted and unwelcome intrusion, where that intrusion is going

:45:38. > :45:47.When you say it is a fundamental shift in the law of privacy, define

:45:48. > :45:57.at exactly. It is a fairly new remedy that is available. It has

:45:58. > :46:01.come from the Law of Confidence. Once information is out in the

:46:02. > :46:05.public domain, it is no longer confidential. We have seen the

:46:06. > :46:09.definition of privity being explained so it does not just

:46:10. > :46:15.protect secrets but also protects from unwarranted harassment. One of

:46:16. > :46:28.the key factors cited by the judge is that they must demonstrate an

:46:29. > :46:32.interest to overwrite bashers mag they must demonstrate that children

:46:33. > :46:39.are paramount. -- they must demonstrate. This is a family right

:46:40. > :46:43.as well as an individual right. The other factor that was very important

:46:44. > :46:47.was public interest. The newspaper had failed to demonstrate there was

:46:48. > :46:51.any public interest in publishing this story. What it's all to do was

:46:52. > :46:55.say that there was public interest because you were correcting a false

:46:56. > :47:03.image this couple were presenting. It was found that was not the case.

:47:04. > :47:07.What would your expectation be? The threshold was raised for newspapers

:47:08. > :47:11.to publish and it is less likely that celebrities would seek

:47:12. > :47:15.injunctions or they are still likely... This is likely to continue

:47:16. > :47:21.and injunctions are likely to be sought. Will anything change

:47:22. > :47:25.materially? We will have to see what happens in practice. What we have

:47:26. > :47:29.seen is increased attention on the individuals who have sought this in

:47:30. > :47:36.junction. It may be that others think it is not worth it. -- this

:47:37. > :47:40.injunction. We will have to see what happens in practice.

:47:41. > :47:53.We will be live in Paris as Egypt and the British Royal Navy will hunt

:47:54. > :47:54.for the missing name. We will keep you up to date with all the latest

:47:55. > :47:58.developments. In 1939, with Europe on the brink

:47:59. > :48:01.of war, a British man - Sir Nicholas Winton -

:48:02. > :48:03.did an extraordinary thing. Aware of the growing threat

:48:04. > :48:06.from Nazis, he arranged for at least 669 Jewish children to be rescued

:48:07. > :48:09.from Prague and brought to England. Undeterred by bureaucracy in both

:48:10. > :48:11.countries, he worked tirelessly to find British families willing

:48:12. > :48:14.to look after the boys He died last summer at the age

:48:15. > :48:20.of 106, with the prime minister describing him as a "great man"

:48:21. > :48:25.and the chief rabbi praising his After the war, Sir Nicholas' heroic

:48:26. > :48:31.efforts were kept quiet for a half-century,

:48:32. > :48:33.until being revealed on Esther Rantzen's TV programme

:48:34. > :48:38.That's Life' in 1988. Vera Gissing is here

:48:39. > :48:40.with us tonight. I should tell you that

:48:41. > :48:43.you are actually sitting next to He is here tonight, so you too

:48:44. > :49:11.can thank Mr Winton. And I am another of

:49:12. > :49:37.the children that you saved. That was incredibly moving. It was

:49:38. > :49:45.the most moving TV seen in my opinion. You were one of the kids. I

:49:46. > :49:53.was not there. I did not know anything. You are saved thanks to

:49:54. > :50:00.him. Yes, he saved my life and the lives of my parents. I was always,

:50:01. > :50:09.is this real? I am sorry, I didn't know. I must introduce you as well.

:50:10. > :50:15.You are the son of Nicholas Winton. With great imagination he chose the

:50:16. > :50:20.same name. Your father did something so extraordinary. It is moving for

:50:21. > :50:29.everybody to watch. For you as a child, seeing your dad and knowing

:50:30. > :50:33.what he did how old were you? I was in my 30s. It was only when I saw

:50:34. > :50:40.that piece of film I realised the significance of what he had done. At

:50:41. > :50:45.that point, it was just fables and stories. I do not know about you. I

:50:46. > :50:49.did not pay a huge amount of attention to all the things my

:50:50. > :50:54.father said. I realised the implications of it. It was very

:50:55. > :51:04.moving. Still today I can get quite tearful watching it. How did he

:51:05. > :51:09.react? I think he had felt he had been hoodwinked. He thought he was

:51:10. > :51:13.going as an adviser for the story. He did not know there were these

:51:14. > :51:21.children he had saved in the audience. It was very much a setup,

:51:22. > :51:28.the way you guys in TV do it. You are going to a memorial service for

:51:29. > :51:35.Sir Nicholas. You have come from the United States. Tell us why you have

:51:36. > :51:40.travelled so far. I came straight from home, in Madison, Wisconsin. My

:51:41. > :51:48.family and I have lived there for 40 years since we left England in 1975.

:51:49. > :51:55.But that was also my second stay in England. I spent two times seven

:51:56. > :51:59.years here in this country. The first seven years were during the

:52:00. > :52:05.war. The second seven years were when the Russians invaded. The

:52:06. > :52:11.Russians with the Warsaw Pact armies. They invaded Czechoslovakia

:52:12. > :52:20.literally and physically. That is until we ran again and ran to

:52:21. > :52:28.England again. You were an H girl, living in Czechoslovakia. You put on

:52:29. > :52:35.a train. -- and eight-year old girl. What did you know about being sent

:52:36. > :52:39.away from your family? I knew a great deal. Comparatively more than

:52:40. > :52:45.many children. I am grateful to my parents for that. They were honest

:52:46. > :52:51.with me. I just had my eighth birthday when I left. Around the age

:52:52. > :52:57.of six and seven, things started changing in my life. I was an only

:52:58. > :53:02.child, we were Jewish but not particularly highly religious. I was

:53:03. > :53:10.very safe and secure and had loving parents. Particularly my mother was

:53:11. > :53:18.a very, very active and proactive and bright woman. She happened when

:53:19. > :53:21.I was about six, seven, to hear a speech and then read it in the

:53:22. > :53:27.newspaper by a member of argument from here, whose name was George

:53:28. > :53:34.Lansbury. He was talking about Hitler and telling the families that

:53:35. > :53:37.Hitler meant business. This was not just a question of perhaps an

:53:38. > :53:45.exiting Austria, which is what happened, or even an exceeding part

:53:46. > :53:54.of Czechoslovakia. -- annex thing. Hitler meant business and he was

:53:55. > :54:02.going to annihilate nations. Your family well understood what was

:54:03. > :54:06.going on. The chance you were given by being put on that train. When did

:54:07. > :54:10.you realise that Sir Nicholas Winton was the man who did that and that

:54:11. > :54:18.you effectively owe your life to him? I did not realise anything

:54:19. > :54:31.about him before the beginning of 1990. When this film happens, I

:54:32. > :54:43.think I knew. People ask, how come you didn't know who saved your life?

:54:44. > :54:51.He invented this organisation, which was called, the British committee

:54:52. > :54:56.for children from Prague. As he says in his DVD, he invited himself to be

:54:57. > :55:02.the president of this committee and he called a meeting with himself.

:55:03. > :55:08.There will be a great sense of humour but this is what he did. I

:55:09. > :55:15.have many documents, correspondence, with him. They were signed with a

:55:16. > :55:19.squiggle. At the bottom there was a stamp which said, the British

:55:20. > :55:25.committee for children from Prague. My mother assumed there was a

:55:26. > :55:31.network of people in Prague, who were trying to help children. She

:55:32. > :55:36.would say, we have another letter from the committee. It was not that

:55:37. > :55:44.they were ignorant or in different to the person who saved hours, the

:55:45. > :55:50.children. They felt there was a group, a network, or something. On

:55:51. > :55:57.his part he was working in London as a stockbroker. He went out of his

:55:58. > :56:03.way to help these kids, these families. What was he like? The

:56:04. > :56:06.first misconception is he did this single-handedly. He had workers

:56:07. > :56:11.staying in Prague while he was back in London. Without them it would not

:56:12. > :56:16.have been possible. He was the instigator of the project. In those

:56:17. > :56:21.days, the stock exchange closed at 3:30pm. He had the afternoon and

:56:22. > :56:26.evening is to work on this as a project. As a project, it was nine

:56:27. > :56:35.months of part-time work. Very intensive part-time work but it was

:56:36. > :56:41.a project for him. Tell us what he was like. His motto was, if

:56:42. > :56:49.something is not impossible, there must be a way of doing it. That is

:56:50. > :56:53.what drove him, I presume. Yes, and continued to in later life. He had a

:56:54. > :56:59.number of other projects where he was determined to make a difference.

:57:00. > :57:06.I am also picking up on some of his ideas, as she would expect. I am

:57:07. > :57:10.working on sorting the problem for generation rents, one of the big

:57:11. > :57:13.issues of today. He was determined that when something needed doing,

:57:14. > :57:17.get on and do it and do not worry about the niceties of whether it is

:57:18. > :57:24.right or whether the rules prohibit it. Just make sure it gets done.

:57:25. > :57:27.Good to talk to your both. You are off to the memorial service.

:57:28. > :57:37.Imminently. Stay with us for the latest lines

:57:38. > :57:44.out of Greece and Paris on the missing airline plane.

:57:45. > :57:56.Mixed fortunes today. There is some cloud, rain and some of us will have

:57:57. > :58:00.some sunshine. On the satellite you can see the extent of the cloud

:58:01. > :58:05.cover. It is a weak weather front heading east. The second one coming

:58:06. > :58:12.in is also producing some wet weather. Moving across Northern

:58:13. > :58:15.Ireland, it will fringe into western parts of England, Scotland and Wales

:58:16. > :58:19.as we go through the course of the day. In between there is some

:58:20. > :58:23.sunshine. We have bigger cloud out towards the east. Again some

:58:24. > :58:28.isolated showers. Cloud breaking up with sunny spells developing and the

:58:29. > :58:31.rain continuing to push through and out of Northern Ireland, moving

:58:32. > :58:34.across much of northern Scotland, north-west England, Wales and the

:58:35. > :58:38.south-west will stop this afternoon across Northern Ireland be one or

:58:39. > :58:45.two showers. -- and the south-west was to hear is the heavy rain moving

:58:46. > :58:49.across Scotland making good progress towards eastern areas by 4pm. There

:58:50. > :58:52.will be heavy rain across much of north-west England. Ranging over

:58:53. > :58:59.towards north-east England. Heavy rain over North Wales. Into East

:59:00. > :59:04.Anglia, Essex and Kent, variable amounts of cloud. Some thick enough

:59:05. > :59:09.for the odd shower but sunny spells as well. In the sunshine it will

:59:10. > :59:12.feel pleasant. Full south-west England and South Wales, the tail

:59:13. > :59:17.end of the weather front. It is fairly weak and the rain will be

:59:18. > :59:21.patchy in nature. In the evening and overnight, there goes the rain

:59:22. > :59:24.heading off into the North Sea. They'll be quite a lot of clout was

:59:25. > :59:33.some breaks in the cloud and clear skies. I overnight temperatures not

:59:34. > :59:38.too low for most of us we are looking at double figures. --

:59:39. > :59:42.overnight temperatures. Across Scotland and Northern Ireland, the

:59:43. > :59:47.far north of England, showers moving south across the Pennines. We could

:59:48. > :59:50.see one or two into South Wales. For most it will be dry and there will

:59:51. > :59:55.be some sunshine. Later in the day, it looks like we will see some

:59:56. > :59:59.coming into the West. The timing for the band of rain keeps changing. It

:00:00. > :00:02.will have a real impact on what is happening with the weather at the

:00:03. > :00:09.weekend. This is what we think at the moment. Through the weekend rain

:00:10. > :00:20.will be eastwards. The weather once again is looking unsettled.

:00:21. > :00:29.Hello, it's Thursday, it's 10am.

:00:30. > :00:30.I'm Joanna Gosling, welcome to the programme

:00:31. > :00:35.if you've just joined us- coming up before 11.

:00:36. > :00:38.The top story today - search planes and ships speed

:00:39. > :00:41.to an area off the Greek islands where a passenger plane

:00:42. > :00:55.people disappeared off radar in the early hours of this morning.

:00:56. > :00:59.They have pinpointed a relatively accurate area of where the plane was

:01:00. > :01:02.last seen said the surge area is fairly small and the area is

:01:03. > :01:04.surrounded by land which means ships and aircraft can reach the area

:01:05. > :01:06.quickly. Egypt's Prime Minister says they can

:01:07. > :01:08.not rule out a terrorist We will be live in Cairo

:01:09. > :01:14.and at Charles de Gaulle airport in France where families wait

:01:15. > :01:20.anxiously for news. Also today - one death every three

:01:21. > :01:22.seconds from superbugs, the latest blunt warning

:01:23. > :01:25.about the future unless there's urgent action to tackle

:01:26. > :01:29.antibiotic resistance. An EgyptAir passenger plane,

:01:30. > :01:33.flying from Paris to Cairo, has disappeared from the radar

:01:34. > :01:36.screens over the Mediterranean sea. Aviation officials in Egypt say

:01:37. > :01:38.they believe the flight crashed. Flight MS804 had 56 passengers

:01:39. > :01:41.and ten crew on board, Most of the passengers

:01:42. > :01:45.were Egyptian, there were also 15 French

:01:46. > :01:51.people and one Briton. The Airbus 320 left Paris

:01:52. > :01:53.at about 11PM yesterday It was scheduled to fly over

:01:54. > :02:01.the Adriatic and across Greece, arriving in the Egyptian capital

:02:02. > :02:05.soon after 3am local time. It went missing from

:02:06. > :02:07.the radar at 2am local time, with the first reports coming out

:02:08. > :02:09.about five hours ago. The plane was flying at 37,000 feet

:02:10. > :02:12.when it disappeared ten miles The last contact with the pilot

:02:13. > :02:16.was about ten minutes before Egypt's Prime Minister

:02:17. > :02:19.says search and rescue The French have offered planes

:02:20. > :02:26.and ships to help out. The Royal Navy says it is also ready

:02:27. > :02:36.to assist. The Egyptian Prime Minister

:02:37. > :02:38.was asked if terrorism could be involved -

:02:39. > :02:40.he said no possibility These were the scenes

:02:41. > :02:44.at the check-in desks at Charles de Gaulle airport as the news

:02:45. > :02:46.emerged this morning. The EgyptAir flight took off

:02:47. > :02:50.from here hours earlier The airline said there were 56

:02:51. > :02:55.passengers including one child and two babies,

:02:56. > :03:07.as well as ten crew on board MS804. The Airbus A320 was travelling

:03:08. > :03:09.from Paris to Cairo. It disappeared from radar about ten

:03:10. > :03:11.miles after entering Egyptian airspace above the

:03:12. > :03:13.Mediterranean Sea. The airline tweeted that flight

:03:14. > :03:17.MS804 lost contact at 2:45am, about 20 minutes before

:03:18. > :03:19.it was scheduled to land They said they had contacted

:03:20. > :03:32.the authorities. The majority of the passengers were

:03:33. > :03:38.from Egypt. There was one British citizen and 15 were French.

:03:39. > :03:41.TRANSLATION: The president of the Republic has held an urgent meeting

:03:42. > :03:45.with the Prime Minister and other ministers. The first priority is to

:03:46. > :03:50.inform the families. The Foreign Ministry crisis is operational. An

:03:51. > :03:51.emergency number has been provided and the families have been hosted at

:03:52. > :03:53.a hotel. Search teams have been sent

:03:54. > :03:55.to the last recorded location, 30 to 40 miles north

:03:56. > :03:57.of Egypt's coast. According to one unconfirmed report,

:03:58. > :04:02.the captain of a ship about 150 miles south of the Greek island

:04:03. > :04:06.of Karpathos reported They have now pinpointed roughly

:04:07. > :04:11.where they think it has gone down. Unfortunately it is the deepest part

:04:12. > :04:21.of the Mediterranean. My understanding is there are ships,

:04:22. > :04:25.boats and a radar plane on its way to the crash site,

:04:26. > :04:28.and so they are basically suggesting that it has actually gone down

:04:29. > :04:31.into the Mediterranean. As time goes by, Cairo International

:04:32. > :04:35.Airport has become a focal point, where families of the missing

:04:36. > :04:38.passengers have started to gather as they await news

:04:39. > :04:51.of their loved ones. We can talk to our transport

:04:52. > :04:55.correspondent Richard Wescott, who is here. They think they have

:04:56. > :05:00.pinpointed a possible crash site, what is that based on?

:05:01. > :05:03.It is based on radar, effectively. Every commercial aircraft brings out

:05:04. > :05:07.messages of where it is, the height it is, the speed it is, we can all

:05:08. > :05:11.look at that data on various apps and the data just stopped. There

:05:12. > :05:14.will also be lots of military radar around there, you cannot hide from

:05:15. > :05:35.military radar, it picks up objects in the sky and does not rely

:05:36. > :05:38.on the aircraft telling it where it is so there is a fair bet they would

:05:39. > :05:40.have spotted it if it stops sending signals but carried on flying

:05:41. > :05:43.because there is a lot of military in that sensitive area, Egypt,

:05:44. > :05:45.Greece, so on, so that is what they are basing it on, it effectively

:05:46. > :05:48.disappeared from the radar screens. What do they have to go on, at these

:05:49. > :05:50.early stages, as they start to look at what could have caused the

:05:51. > :05:53.plaintiff to severe? I have just been at a conference of

:05:54. > :05:55.air Accident Investigation does, 44 countries represented, and they said

:05:56. > :05:58.the same thing, they never jumped to a conclusion, it is critical. But it

:05:59. > :06:01.is significant that there does not appear to have been a distress

:06:02. > :06:05.signal and when you talk to pilots they say even in pretty bad

:06:06. > :06:10.emergencies you have normally got a chance to get some kind of distress

:06:11. > :06:12.call out, it is quite quick to do, you can punch in four numbers and

:06:13. > :06:38.press enter. They will be trying to control in an emergency

:06:39. > :06:41.first but there is normally time after that to at least tell somebody

:06:42. > :06:43.they are in trouble. That doesn't seem to have happened this time,

:06:44. > :06:45.which suggests something happened very, very quickly. The radar data

:06:46. > :06:48.stops when it was very high, does not show it coming down at all, so

:06:49. > :06:51.it all points to something happening quickly. That could literally be a

:06:52. > :06:54.hole in the aircraft, a fault with the aircraft, when it breaks up in

:06:55. > :06:56.the air. That is very, very red. It of course leads to the possibility

:06:57. > :06:58.as well that there could be at explosive device on board.

:06:59. > :07:01.We know there were three security personnel on board, is that unusual?

:07:02. > :07:04.Not for aircraft flying in those sorts of areas. The Americans have a

:07:05. > :07:05.lot of air marshals flying on board as well looking for suspicious

:07:06. > :07:08.people, people doing suspicious things, so it is not unusual but

:07:09. > :07:11.that is just people on board. It is quite possible if this was some kind

:07:12. > :07:15.of terrorist attacks, and we don't know it was, that there is nothing

:07:16. > :07:19.to the on-board. It is possible something could have been put on the

:07:20. > :07:23.aircraft at an airport it visited beforehand, so there would be

:07:24. > :07:27.nothing they could do. People like that are there to dis- incentivise

:07:28. > :07:31.attacks, and if someone tries to storm a cockpit those people come

:07:32. > :07:32.into their own, but it does not necessarily mean these things cannot

:07:33. > :07:40.happen. You can find the latest on this

:07:41. > :07:47.developing story on a special live bait on the BBC News website. We

:07:48. > :07:52.will keep you updated of course on all the latest developments here, we

:07:53. > :07:54.have got more coming up shortly. Let's catch up with the rest of the

:07:55. > :07:58.news in the BBC newsroom. The Supreme Court has just rejected

:07:59. > :08:01.an attempt to overturn a privacy injunction preventing identification

:08:02. > :08:03.of a celebrity involved in an extramarital threesome

:08:04. > :08:14.in England and Wales. The 4-1 decision says just because

:08:15. > :08:19.the couple is well-known is no right to invade privacy. There is no

:08:20. > :08:23.public interest, however much it may be of interest to members of the

:08:24. > :08:27.public, in publishing kiss and tell stories or criticisms of Private

:08:28. > :08:30.sexual conduct simply because the persons involved are well known.

:08:31. > :08:33.Superbugs resistant to antibiotics will kill someone every three

:08:34. > :08:35.seconds by 2050 unless the world acts now, according

:08:36. > :08:39.A global review led by the economist Jim O'Neill was asked

:08:40. > :08:42.by the Prime Minister to investigate the problem two years ago.

:08:43. > :08:46.In its final report it says over ?27 billion needs to be

:08:47. > :08:50.While the review was taking place, doctors discovered bacteria that can

:08:51. > :08:52.shrug off a medicine called colistin - known as

:08:53. > :09:03.More on that story during the programme.

:09:04. > :09:05.A leading Conservative MP campaigning for the UK to leave

:09:06. > :09:08.the EU says the debate has descended into "insults, personal attacks

:09:09. > :09:11.Steve Baker, who co-chairs the Conservatives For Britain group,

:09:12. > :09:13.has accused Downing Street of briefing against Tories

:09:14. > :09:21.However, Number Ten has dismissed the claims and insist its campaign

:09:22. > :09:24.The doctors' union, the British Medical Association,

:09:25. > :09:27.is to ballot its members about whether to accept a deal

:09:28. > :09:29.reached yesterday with Government negotiators to end the dispute over

:09:30. > :09:33.a new contract for junior doctors in England.

:09:34. > :09:36.Both sides reached an agreement on weekend working,

:09:37. > :09:39.after ten days of talks at the conciliation service,

:09:40. > :09:45.The BMA says it's the "best and final way" to end the row.

:09:46. > :09:48.Researchers from Oxford University say people who have symptoms

:09:49. > :09:51.of a minor stroke should be given aspirin immediately.

:09:52. > :09:54.A study in the medical journal The Lancet claims the benefits

:09:55. > :09:57.of aspirin in preventing further strokes or limiting their harm

:09:58. > :10:09.A rare diamond has fetched an astonishing ?39.5 million

:10:10. > :10:12.making it the most expensive jewel ever sold at an auction.

:10:13. > :10:16.Two phone bidders entered into a 20 minute bidding war for the large,

:10:17. > :10:24.translucent blue gem - known as the Oppenheimer Blue.

:10:25. > :10:27.It gets its name from its previous owner Sir Philip Oppenheimer,

:10:28. > :10:28.who controlled the Diamond Syndicate in London.

:10:29. > :10:30.The buyer's identity hasn't been made public.

:10:31. > :10:34.That's a summary of the latest BBC News.

:10:35. > :10:42.Lots of you getting in touch about the prison reforms that we were

:10:43. > :10:47.talking about. Proposals to give governors more control to try to

:10:48. > :10:49.help with rehabilitation of inmates. Audrey says, my son is in Exeter

:10:50. > :11:07.prison, he says staff say no to letting people out

:11:08. > :11:10.too often. William says, the idea of sending non-dangerous offenders to

:11:11. > :11:14.jail is outdated nonsense. Late in says, the main essential support

:11:15. > :11:17.should be from someone who follows the rehab programme with each

:11:18. > :11:21.prisoner then follows them outside also to closely help through the

:11:22. > :11:25.initial discharge period. Also, many prisoners would benefit better from

:11:26. > :11:29.community service rather than custody. Probation officers should

:11:30. > :11:31.have access to a variety of help agencies to do more than simply

:11:32. > :11:41.supervise. Kay says, the military prison has a

:11:42. > :11:45.high non-offending rate, why don't we look at that?

:11:46. > :11:48.Eight Tai Chi teacher had e-mailed to say they were in prison for a

:11:49. > :11:51.minor offence, asked to teach tai chi whilst in prison but was not

:11:52. > :11:56.allowed to because prison is meant to be punishment. OK, but if you

:11:57. > :12:00.want to help prisoners change their lives, why not use every possible

:12:01. > :12:03.thing to help, he asks? Kelly says, I'm watching your piece

:12:04. > :12:08.on prison reform and feel the problem starts way back into society

:12:09. > :12:12.in the way we socialise boys who are taught to switch off their feelings,

:12:13. > :12:15.not allowed to cry, etc. By the time they get to present it is too late

:12:16. > :12:17.the many. Thank you for those comments.

:12:18. > :12:19.Do get in touch with us throughout the morning -

:12:20. > :12:23.If you text, you will be charged at the standard network rate.

:12:24. > :12:30.We will keep you updated of course on the plane that is believed to

:12:31. > :12:35.have gone down near the Greek island of Karpathos en route from Paris to

:12:36. > :12:38.Cairo. We will be live with our correspondent in Paris in just a few

:12:39. > :12:42.moments. First, let's catch up with the sport.

:12:43. > :12:45.For many the cricket means summer's really here.

:12:46. > :12:48.England take on Sri Lanka at Headingley in less than an hour,

:12:49. > :12:54.Alastair Cook's men should be full of confidence after an impressive

:12:55. > :12:57.series win in South Africa over the winter.

:12:58. > :13:00.Let's speak to our correspondent Andy Swiss, who's in Leeds

:13:01. > :13:11.A big day for Captain Cook? That is right, the fans, as you can

:13:12. > :13:14.see, are starting to arrive here and they know they could watch a piece

:13:15. > :13:18.of cricketing history potentially today because Alistair Cook needs

:13:19. > :13:25.just 36 more runs to reach the 10,000 mark, in Test cricket, and if

:13:26. > :13:29.he does so he will be the first Englishman to reach 10,000 runs, and

:13:30. > :13:35.would also be the youngest ever player to reach 10,000 will stop

:13:36. > :13:38.Cook, 31 years four months old, six months younger than Sachin Tendulkar

:13:39. > :13:43.when he reached the 10,000 milestone. He would be just the 12th

:13:44. > :13:47.player in test history to get to 10,000 runs, joining the likes of

:13:48. > :13:54.ten dork, Brian Lara, router bit, and he says he is looking forward to

:13:55. > :13:58.the challenge. Great to try to score the 36 runs. I have just got to put

:13:59. > :14:02.that to bed now after this press conference and focus on doing what I

:14:03. > :14:06.have done I suppose in the previous ten years, which is trying to

:14:07. > :14:12.concentrate on that ball coming down and nothing else. If it is your day,

:14:13. > :14:16.try to go began to get a big score. Alistair Cook and his team should be

:14:17. > :14:20.confident after that Test series win in South Africa, also their

:14:21. > :14:24.impressive performance at the world Twenty20. There will be a debut for

:14:25. > :14:29.Hampshire captain James Vince, we expect him to bat at number five. As

:14:30. > :14:33.far as the weather, it is dry at the moment, a bit overcast, we expect

:14:34. > :14:37.rain later this afternoon but the fans here keeping their fingers

:14:38. > :14:40.crossed for something like a full-day's play.

:14:41. > :14:42.Thank you very much. Let's hope Captain Cook can fail to those

:14:43. > :14:49.10,000 runs. -- can fail. Don't forget you can listen

:14:50. > :14:51.to Test Match Special on 5 Live Sports Extra from 1025,

:14:52. > :14:54.or the BBC Sport website, where you can also watch

:14:55. > :14:56.in-play highlights. You can also download the BBC

:14:57. > :15:00.Sport App and set up wicket alerts. I hope you will be doing that,

:15:01. > :15:06.Joanna. Of course!

:15:07. > :15:08.Let's go back to our main news, the missing EgyptAir passenger plane

:15:09. > :15:10.which was flying from Paris to Cairo.

:15:11. > :15:13.It vanished from the radar screens over the Mediterranean sea.

:15:14. > :15:19.Some reports say it came down 130 miles of the Greek island of

:15:20. > :15:23.Karpathos, we hear that comes from a Greek boat operator who saw a flash

:15:24. > :15:28.in the sky in the area, that is being reported by Greek media.

:15:29. > :15:32.Ships, helicopters and planes are heading to that region, the Royal

:15:33. > :15:34.Navy says it has both in the area ready and willing to assist.

:15:35. > :15:36.We can speak now to our Paris Correspondent,

:15:37. > :15:38.Lucy Williamson, who's at Charles de Gaulle Airport.

:15:39. > :15:46.That is where the plane took off from. We also joined by selling the

:15:47. > :15:54.bill in Cairo, the destination which of course was not reached.

:15:55. > :16:04.Tell us the latest about what you are hearing. It is the long and

:16:05. > :16:08.frustrating wait for information. At the EgyptAir desk, families are

:16:09. > :16:18.waiting in a nearby hotel or at the airport. Help has been offered in

:16:19. > :16:21.the Mediterranean to search. Over and above the search and the

:16:22. > :16:26.question of where the plane has gone is the question of if it has indeed

:16:27. > :16:31.crashed, why it did so. There is already a spotlight on the security

:16:32. > :16:35.situation at Charles de Gaulle airport, the procedure the plane

:16:36. > :16:39.went through before it took off. All speculation at the moment before we

:16:40. > :16:43.know exactly what has happened to it. Certainly this is an airport

:16:44. > :16:48.which has received a lot of attention when it comes to security

:16:49. > :16:52.over the past few months. Standing here this morning I have seen

:16:53. > :16:59.several people walking around security, armed people walking

:17:00. > :17:05.around in groups, as is normal. Sadly, what is the latest you have?

:17:06. > :17:12.It is definitely a tragic moment for the families of the passengers. I am

:17:13. > :17:17.here in Cairo airport. Families have been arriving. They were distressed.

:17:18. > :17:21.They were huge pain and grief. I was speaking to an old lady a short

:17:22. > :17:24.while ago, her daughter was a stewardess on the flight. The lady

:17:25. > :17:30.was heartbroken and she was in tears. She spoke to her daughter

:17:31. > :17:34.last night and have heard no more. I woke up to the horrifying news. I

:17:35. > :17:39.came to the airport and have not been given any information. I know

:17:40. > :17:44.nothing. I have just been given a couple of phone numbers. Authorities

:17:45. > :17:49.said they would keep us updated. So far we know nothing. Egyptian

:17:50. > :17:53.authorities are expected. They are expected to hold a press conference

:17:54. > :17:57.in less than three hours from now for that they're going to give some

:17:58. > :18:01.information about what happened. So far, EgyptAir issued a statement

:18:02. > :18:07.dismissing all media reports that have been talking about the reasons

:18:08. > :18:14.behind the disappearance of this plane. It is very early to make any

:18:15. > :18:20.assumptions about why the plane has disappeared. Rescue and search

:18:21. > :18:22.operations are under way. They are trying to do all they can to clarify

:18:23. > :18:35.what has happened. Let's speak to air accident in the

:18:36. > :18:43.eight, Tony Cable. What do they have to go on? Not a lot at the moment.

:18:44. > :18:49.Possibly radar data. -- are accident investigator. They are saying that

:18:50. > :18:54.has suddenly been lost that is where an aircraft response to an

:18:55. > :18:57.interrogation from the ground was if you lose electrical power, certainly

:18:58. > :19:03.electrical power on the aircraft, that would disappear. There is still

:19:04. > :19:07.probably primary radar, the old-fashioned sort, where you send a

:19:08. > :19:12.radar beam out and you detect the Echo. If you had an in-flight

:19:13. > :19:18.break-up, you can on occasion on primary radar, one return becomes a

:19:19. > :19:24.number of returns with different pieces of the aircraft. That could

:19:25. > :19:31.be an indication. What other possible reasons for a plane

:19:32. > :19:35.disappearing at this stage? -- what are the possible reasons? You focus

:19:36. > :19:39.on the technical side, if there was a problem with the mechanics of the

:19:40. > :19:45.plane. Would there be a mechanical issue at this stage which could

:19:46. > :19:48.cause a plane to come down? There is a multiple number of possibilities.

:19:49. > :19:54.Only as evidence comes in will that be clear. I have been fairly --

:19:55. > :20:00.there have been fairly severe electrical problems on these planes

:20:01. > :20:08.in the past, plus all the radios. They have not been able to

:20:09. > :20:12.communicate. Is that communications? It depends how the loss of the

:20:13. > :20:19.systems are handled. It has not caused any accidents. The problem

:20:20. > :20:29.has been fixed. It has a pretty good safety record, hasn't it? Like all

:20:30. > :20:35.passenger aircraft a very good safety record. The dangerous bit is

:20:36. > :20:41.getting to the airport. How long is the investigation likely to take? Is

:20:42. > :20:48.the most important thing to get the black boxes? Yes. A bit daft to be

:20:49. > :20:53.carrying data, flight data, on the aircraft. If you do lose it,

:20:54. > :20:56.particularly at sea, you have got to recover the wreckage to get the

:20:57. > :21:04.black boxes and get the information. There have been proposals to

:21:05. > :21:12.transmit the data in real-time. Does that not happen? No, it is very

:21:13. > :21:18.primitive. It is quite conservative, the aviation industry in changing

:21:19. > :21:22.things. It takes a lot of doing. An air France plane went down in the

:21:23. > :21:26.Atlantic about five years ago and it took two years to recover to find

:21:27. > :21:36.the boxes. They were quite lucky with the two rain it landed on. Any

:21:37. > :21:39.Marine recovery tends to be prolonged and expensive and

:21:40. > :21:44.difficult. Parts of the Mediterranean are quite deep. I do

:21:45. > :21:53.not know about that area. We were talking earlier that it was around

:21:54. > :22:00.three kilometres deep. Thank you. We will of course keep you updated on

:22:01. > :22:07.all the devell and as we get them. Have you decided how you will be

:22:08. > :22:12.voting in the EU referendum? The first televised debate will be on

:22:13. > :22:15.the 26th of May in Glasgow, presented by Victoria. If you can

:22:16. > :22:21.get to Glasgow from wherever you are ready want to take part, e-mail

:22:22. > :22:26.Victoria to have your chance to question senior politicians from the

:22:27. > :22:31.Leave and Remain campaigns. The debate will be broadcast live. On

:22:32. > :22:35.the 6th of June we are in Manchester for another debate weeks before the

:22:36. > :22:42.actual vote on the 23rd. That is open to everyone take place during

:22:43. > :22:51.normal airtime between 9am and 11am. The way to get in touch is the same.

:22:52. > :22:57.There has been another extremely stark warning that the era of

:22:58. > :23:06.antibiotics will come to an end. It is claimed one person in three will

:23:07. > :23:11.die form a truck resistant infection by 2050 unless action is taken now.

:23:12. > :23:14.David Cameron commissioned the study a couple of years ago to look

:23:15. > :23:16.at the world-wide impact of illnesses like MRSA and TB

:23:17. > :23:21.as treatments like antibiotics become less effective.

:23:22. > :23:34.So why do we find ourselves in this position?

:23:35. > :24:46.Let's talk to Professor Laura Piddock, who advised on the report.

:24:47. > :24:48.Yvonne Smith, who lost her father to a superbug infection.

:24:49. > :24:53.Derek Butler, from charity MRSA Action UK.

:24:54. > :24:57.Sharon Brenan, a transplant patient and health journalist.

:24:58. > :25:07.And Professor Paul Cosford from Health from Public Health England.

:25:08. > :25:13.Thank you for joining us. Laura, first of all, you are a professor of

:25:14. > :25:21.microbiology. Explain why the drug resistance is happening. Bacteria

:25:22. > :25:26.evolved to survive all sorts of different hostile environments, and

:25:27. > :25:30.that includes antibiotics. Because bacteria double their numbers so

:25:31. > :25:35.quickly, something like E. Coli in 20 minutes. The numbers of drug

:25:36. > :25:41.resistant bacteria increase very rapidly, including inpatient or in

:25:42. > :25:47.the environment within a few hours. -- in patients or the environment.

:25:48. > :25:53.Where are we now in terms of antibiotic resistant bugs? We're in

:25:54. > :25:58.a situation where anywhere in the world there will be drug resistant

:25:59. > :26:04.bacteria, including multidrug resistant bacteria. The concern is

:26:05. > :26:08.that we, and animals, and our foods are transferring these around the

:26:09. > :26:13.world. When they cause an infection in people they can be very hard to

:26:14. > :26:18.treat. For many infections, it will mean the first, second and third

:26:19. > :26:24.choice drug does not work. For a few patients there may be no drugs that

:26:25. > :26:31.will work. Looking ahead to a possible future without antibiotics,

:26:32. > :26:34.what would that look like? Antibiotics and all areas of

:26:35. > :26:40.medicine. They are really important in the treatment of cancer patients,

:26:41. > :26:44.transplant patients, and those having joint replacements like hips.

:26:45. > :26:48.Potentially, we could see many treatments in those types of

:26:49. > :26:54.patients no longer being effective. But, most of us get infections in

:26:55. > :26:58.our lifetimes. Many times we have all had the past and we will all

:26:59. > :27:03.need them in the future. The real worry is that these types of

:27:04. > :27:10.drug-resistant infections could occur to any other at any time. You

:27:11. > :27:16.rely on take three different types daily. Why are you reliant on them?

:27:17. > :27:20.I was born with cystic fibrosis. Over time it ruins your lungs.

:27:21. > :27:26.Almost three years ago I had a double lung transplant. That means I

:27:27. > :27:30.am constantly immunosuppressed. Because of that my body finds it

:27:31. > :27:35.very hard to fight infections. I need and got it every day to try to

:27:36. > :27:40.reduce the chance of rejection or infection of my transplanted lungs.

:27:41. > :27:48.You must be acutely aware of the dangers of antibiotics, bugs

:27:49. > :27:52.becoming resistant to antibiotics. Many friends have made it through

:27:53. > :27:55.the transplant process, which is very hard, and then died five

:27:56. > :28:01.months, nine months later from chest infections they have not been able

:28:02. > :28:09.to treat. It is devastating. These people are 22, 24 years old. Let's

:28:10. > :28:15.speak to eve on Smith. Possibly the most famous drug-resistant infection

:28:16. > :28:19.is MRSA. Your father died from this infection and your mother almost

:28:20. > :28:28.did. Presumably it has made you aware of the risks of all of this.

:28:29. > :28:37.Yes. Absolutely. You know, my father died because it was like eight years

:28:38. > :28:46.beyond when my mother had the infection. I believe the drug

:28:47. > :28:52.resistance had become too much. His antibiotic treatment did not work.

:28:53. > :29:03.It worked for my mother and she has survived it. But my father was too

:29:04. > :29:07.poorly to survive. Sorry. I just wanted to bring in Laura at that

:29:08. > :29:13.point. What is it that makes the antibiotics work for one person over

:29:14. > :29:17.another? For some antibiotics, we know they were better when patients

:29:18. > :29:23.are fitter will have a better immune response. This is because it is

:29:24. > :29:28.thought that the ads were ticks damage the bacteria, not necessarily

:29:29. > :29:31.killing them, but they become more easily recognised by the immune

:29:32. > :29:35.response. We do not know why some patients respond and others do not

:29:36. > :29:40.when they have an identical infection. We do know those patients

:29:41. > :29:47.who are more vulnerable are more likely to be at risk. Derek, your

:29:48. > :29:54.grandfather, stepfather and uncle all died of MRSA infections and your

:29:55. > :30:04.chair of MRSA Action UK. How worried are you? I am very worried. My own

:30:05. > :30:09.father, 95, survived a very serious E. Coli infection. It shows the

:30:10. > :30:15.power, the success that antibiotics have. It is not about today's

:30:16. > :30:20.generation. It is about tomorrow's generation. Our children and our

:30:21. > :30:23.grandchildren will live in a world if we do not know something about it

:30:24. > :30:29.that my father did when he was a young person. He has explained what

:30:30. > :30:33.the world was like before the use of penicillin in the 1940s. I can

:30:34. > :30:37.assure you it is not a world we would like to live in. Most of us

:30:38. > :30:42.today have lived in an antibiotic era. Get an infection, we go to the

:30:43. > :30:47.doctors and they give us an antibiotic. That may not be a

:30:48. > :30:51.possibility in the future. Do you think we are heading to a future

:30:52. > :30:56.without antibiotics? This is a wake-up call. The report out today

:30:57. > :31:00.suggests there is some significant problems on the horizon if we do not

:31:01. > :31:04.act now. In addition to the things that have been mentioned so far, it

:31:05. > :31:08.is important to remember we camper van many infections. We sometimes

:31:09. > :31:14.forget the basic messages around washing your hands, covering your

:31:15. > :31:20.mouth and nose when you cough and sneeze. Teaching children basic

:31:21. > :31:26.measures. The winter flu vaccine, which this coming winter will be

:31:27. > :31:29.offering all children up to the third year of primary school, very

:31:30. > :31:33.important to stop infection spreading in our communities. We

:31:34. > :31:37.have good evidence as to the effectiveness. Remembering to use

:31:38. > :31:42.antibiotics appropriately. We know for instance that only 10% of sore

:31:43. > :31:48.throats need an advert it but 60% of people with a sore throat going to

:31:49. > :31:55.GPs will get an antibiotic. There are some simple things we can do.

:31:56. > :31:56.What do you think about GPs, in the majority of cases, prescribing and

:31:57. > :32:06.to objects that not needed? There is a significant issue there

:32:07. > :32:10.and it is partly making sure we get the right guidance to GPs... But it

:32:11. > :32:14.is not a new issue, why is it taking so long for the guidance to get

:32:15. > :32:18.through? We monitor continually what is happening and we can see where

:32:19. > :32:23.resistance is developing and alter our guidance accordingly. But there

:32:24. > :32:29.is something for all of us when we have a cough or a cold and a sore

:32:30. > :32:33.throat and we go to the GP, instead of expecting an antibiotic what it

:32:34. > :32:38.is sensible to do is expect an explanation for our symptoms. If we

:32:39. > :32:43.expect an explanation it allows the GP2 not just prescribed because

:32:44. > :32:47.there is that expectation... Where do the expectation come from, is it

:32:48. > :32:51.the patient wanting them or the GP handing them out because it is

:32:52. > :32:55.easiest? There is a complex set of things that happens when a GBC is a

:32:56. > :32:59.patient and they will be lots of those in any circumstance but there

:33:00. > :33:04.is something we can all do, which is to remember to do what we can to

:33:05. > :33:08.prevent infection, to get vaccinated, and to seek an

:33:09. > :33:13.explanation of our symptoms instead of seeking an antibiotic when we go

:33:14. > :33:16.to the GP. Laura, what do you think about the overprescribing of

:33:17. > :33:23.antibiotics and the statistic earlier about the use of antibiotics

:33:24. > :33:27.in farming? It is important to remember many of the infections from

:33:28. > :33:35.the pre-antibiotic era are still treatable today with the drugs we

:33:36. > :33:39.have, including many common sore throats. The reason health care

:33:40. > :33:42.practitioners use a lot of antibiotics if they cannot diagnose

:33:43. > :33:50.when the patient is with them what is causing the sore throat or other

:33:51. > :33:54.infection. 60% of patients get prescriptions from GPs when only 10%

:33:55. > :34:03.needed. The GP cannot distinguish the 10% from the other 50%. May I

:34:04. > :34:13.interrupt? Do come in there, Yvonne. I need to say some important things,

:34:14. > :34:23.really. If you can see me I would like to present a pair of vinyl

:34:24. > :34:32.gloves. Yes, we can see that. The whole issue of antibiotics is

:34:33. > :34:40.absolutely preventable, and it is preventable if you start from the

:34:41. > :34:44.beginning. What happens is that a nurse or doctor sneezes, they put on

:34:45. > :34:53.the vinyl gloves without washing their hands, you cannot touch gloves

:34:54. > :35:00.without using your hands. They haven't washed their hands. There is

:35:01. > :35:05.a very, very simple procedure called scrubbing up which a lot of nurses

:35:06. > :35:11.and doctors don't actually do. Let's get Paul's response on that. Sorry,

:35:12. > :35:16.we will come back to you, Laura." Of course MRSA and can unless in

:35:17. > :35:20.hospitals is an important issue. It is important to remember rates of

:35:21. > :35:25.MRSA have virtually halved over the last ten years, and indeed when I

:35:26. > :35:30.was medical director in the East of England some years ago we managed to

:35:31. > :35:36.reduce our rates of Clostridium difficile by over 90% in a year, and

:35:37. > :35:40.that carried on, so the point Yvonne is making are important and

:35:41. > :35:43.hospitals are working hard to make sure of that. Have those rates come

:35:44. > :35:49.down because of the hygiene issues that Yvonne is talking about? That

:35:50. > :35:54.is part of the answer but we mustn't be complacent and we know that we

:35:55. > :35:59.must continue to observe very carefully and investigate any case

:36:00. > :36:02.of MRSA and seed death very carefully and there are other

:36:03. > :36:08.organisms we are concerned that we are monitoring as well, one that is

:36:09. > :36:14.particularly difficult to pronounce which we are monitoring at the

:36:15. > :36:17.moment and we make sure our hospitals no when they have that and

:36:18. > :36:21.can take all the actions they need it in respect of those. It is a

:36:22. > :36:25.complex system, hospitals are very focused on this but they are complex

:36:26. > :36:31.and difficult to make sure we get right. Laura, you wanted to say

:36:32. > :36:38.something? The first point of the review report today is to increase

:36:39. > :36:42.public awareness across the globe about how important antibiotics are

:36:43. > :36:47.and of the really important part that the public have to play in

:36:48. > :36:50.preventing infection and preventing transmission of drug-resistant

:36:51. > :36:56.bacteria. We are getting focused on MRSA here but the report does not

:36:57. > :37:00.focus on MRSA, it calls attention much more to negative bacteria

:37:01. > :37:04.infections which often people will carry these bugs in their gut

:37:05. > :37:08.without any knowledge that they are there, and it is only when they

:37:09. > :37:14.perhaps need a procedure that then it causes an infection that then

:37:15. > :37:18.requires treatment. On that, a final board from you, Sharon, because it

:37:19. > :37:22.is presumably something you are aware of every day, hoping the

:37:23. > :37:27.people around you are aware of hygiene issues because you are

:37:28. > :37:31.potentially vulnerable? The thing with antibiotic resistance, it is

:37:32. > :37:34.easy to think when you are ill that you need antibiotics, to get back to

:37:35. > :37:38.work, to look after your children, and I think to solve this and raise

:37:39. > :37:42.awareness globally it is about seeing us as a community,

:37:43. > :37:45.antibiotics is a precious communal resource and if we do not treat it

:37:46. > :37:49.like that then the future could be very bleak. Thank you all very much

:37:50. > :37:55.for your thoughts. Let's catch up with the sport.

:37:56. > :37:57.Liverpool's dream of another European trophy and Champions League

:37:58. > :38:01.They were beaten 3-1 by Sevilla in the Europa League final last night.

:38:02. > :38:03.It's the second final they've lost under manager Jurgen

:38:04. > :38:10.Aston Villa are set be taken over by Chinese entrepreneur Dr Tony Xia.

:38:11. > :38:12.He's struck a ?60-million deal with current owner Randy Lerner,

:38:13. > :38:14.which is subject to Football League approval.

:38:15. > :38:18.It would make him the sole owner of the Championship club.

:38:19. > :38:20.Harlequins prop Joe Marler has withdrawn from England's

:38:21. > :38:28.Marler was suspended for kicking an opponent in April.

:38:29. > :38:30.That followed a two-match ban for calling Wales' Samson Lee "Gypsy

:38:31. > :38:38.And history beckons for England captain Alastair Cook ahead of this

:38:39. > :38:41.morning's first Test against Sri Lanka at Headingley.

:38:42. > :38:43.The 31-year-old needs just 36 runs to become the youngest player

:38:44. > :38:57.England lost the toss at Headingley so they have been put into that.

:38:58. > :39:02.Thanks very much, Tim. Some comments just threw on the antibiotics

:39:03. > :39:06.discussion, one tweet, as long as we are giving antibiotics to farmyard

:39:07. > :39:09.animals we will never stop these superbugs.

:39:10. > :39:12.Another has treated, the experts know that antibiotics are given

:39:13. > :39:15.Ronchi to farm animals and nothing is done to stuff it.

:39:16. > :39:18.Graham says, I cannot get antibiotics from the doctor even

:39:19. > :39:23.when I need them, it is a blanket ban.

:39:24. > :39:26.Let's go back to the missing plane. Ships, helicopters and planes are

:39:27. > :39:32.heading for a certain area of the Greek islands. We can look at a

:39:33. > :39:39.video... I'm not sure if we Can take a look at it... I think we can,

:39:40. > :39:43.there you go. It shows their souls converging on what is thought

:39:44. > :39:48.potentially to be that crash zone in the Mediterranean Sea. It is just

:39:49. > :39:56.near to the Greek island of Karpathos. The Egypt air passenger

:39:57. > :40:00.plane from Paris to Cairo was carrying 56 passengers and ten crew,

:40:01. > :40:05.it vanished from radar screens in the early hours of the morning.

:40:06. > :40:09.There are reports that it came down 130 miles off the Greek island of

:40:10. > :40:15.Karpathos. As you can see on these radar images, that is where the

:40:16. > :40:17.vessels are headed, the Royal Navy saying it is in the area and ready

:40:18. > :40:20.to assist. Let's talk now to Captain Mike

:40:21. > :40:22.Vivian, a former head of Flight Operations

:40:23. > :40:34.at the Civil Aviation Authority. We can also go to aviation analyst

:40:35. > :40:38.Sean Massenet. Captain Mike Vivian, what are your

:40:39. > :40:44.thoughts? We have little to go on, just the fact the plane went off the

:40:45. > :40:50.radar at 37,000 feet, not far short of its final destination? That is

:40:51. > :40:57.right, good morning to you. Very unusual, the safest part of the

:40:58. > :41:00.flight is of course at Cruise, high altitude, and it tends to point

:41:01. > :41:07.towards some either catastrophic failure of the aircraft or a

:41:08. > :41:11.security issue involving the aeroplane itself, and I note this

:41:12. > :41:15.aircraft had been traversing the north Africa and continent in the

:41:16. > :41:19.days before this incident so there will be an examination of what went

:41:20. > :41:23.on at Paris Charles de Gaulle, security measures there and all the

:41:24. > :41:28.other issues like the crew, the passengers, and the service history

:41:29. > :41:31.of the aircraft. Elaborate more on what you are thinking when you talk

:41:32. > :41:36.about traversing the African continent in the days before? It is

:41:37. > :41:43.possible, I wouldn't want to cause too much alarm, but it is possible

:41:44. > :41:46.some device was secreted there in some way or another, an extension of

:41:47. > :41:54.what happened at Sharm el-Sheikh with Metrojet. It is a possibility.

:41:55. > :41:58.We also need to look at the security at Paris. I know people are saying

:41:59. > :42:03.security at Paris is obviously beefed up after the incident they

:42:04. > :42:08.have had but it is significant, in my book, that after the Sharm

:42:09. > :42:13.el-Sheikh disaster, I think it was over 80 people who had what is

:42:14. > :42:18.called air side passes, passes to go bare fight onto the tarmac of the

:42:19. > :42:21.aircraft, were withdrawn by the French authorities. That would raise

:42:22. > :42:25.some questions as to why they were there in the first place, but it

:42:26. > :42:32.does tend to suggest the French took action after the Sharm el-Sheikh, as

:42:33. > :42:38.was necessary. So how would you sum up airline airport security, because

:42:39. > :42:44.there are tight controls around passengers, where would you see

:42:45. > :42:49.potential loopholes? The problem in the past has been safety, and that

:42:50. > :42:52.problem, I don't want to be complacent, but by and large it is

:42:53. > :42:58.solved because we have an incredibly safe industry. Last year there were

:42:59. > :43:07.something like 3.3 billion passengers, 36.5 million passengers,

:43:08. > :43:13.a tiny, tiny fraction, about 100 people lost their lives, so the

:43:14. > :43:18.problem is security and it is right to say security is not consistent

:43:19. > :43:19.throughout the world despite international regulations,

:43:20. > :43:24.requirements and audits to check that it is, and there has been

:43:25. > :43:30.concern, which the Sharm el-Sheikh accident raised, of the possibility

:43:31. > :43:34.of an inside job, in other words people who have access to the

:43:35. > :43:39.aircraft or luggage on the ground and are able to do things which none

:43:40. > :43:44.of us would want to be party to. That is the problem in ensuring a

:43:45. > :43:48.uniform level of security. I'm not saying that was the issue here in

:43:49. > :43:53.this accident involving EgyptAir but it is an issue which has once again

:43:54. > :43:57.had the spotlight put on it. Sean Moffat, what are your thoughts? I

:43:58. > :44:02.could not disagree with anything Captain Vivian has said. There are

:44:03. > :44:08.quite a wide variety of possibilities here. We don't know,

:44:09. > :44:12.probably the local militaries know a lot more than we do, there is an

:44:13. > :44:15.awful lot of minatory in that part of the of the world, the Egyptians

:44:16. > :44:21.themselves, the Israelis, the Greeks, the Turks, and we hear the

:44:22. > :44:24.Royal Navy is involved in the search, and also American fleets, so

:44:25. > :44:27.all of those will probably have a rather better idea of what happened

:44:28. > :44:33.here than anybody else, but of course we will not be hearing those

:44:34. > :44:37.ideas from them, I suspect. Mike was saying that the safest time on a

:44:38. > :44:42.plane is when it is cruising at high altitude. It was doing that when it

:44:43. > :44:48.came down. For you, therefore, would it point most likely to some sort of

:44:49. > :44:53.terrorist incident? Well, I suspect that is probably the case but really

:44:54. > :44:59.it is very early to be speculating about this. As you say, the aircraft

:45:00. > :45:06.was at its Cruise, 37,000 feet, Cruise level. It was flying at more

:45:07. > :45:10.than 500 knots, Cruise speed, and then it just disappeared off the

:45:11. > :45:13.kind of radar that you and I can look at on our computer screens.

:45:14. > :45:19.That does not mean to say the aircraft is Sapp has disappeared,

:45:20. > :45:22.because that trace on the radar screens comes from equipment on

:45:23. > :45:26.board the plane -- bag with the aircraft itself has disappeared. The

:45:27. > :45:29.plane has to be sending out the information for that price to

:45:30. > :45:33.appear. It is possible, as has happened in the past, that somebody

:45:34. > :45:36.has turned off that equipment, hijackers have done that in the

:45:37. > :45:40.past, and then the aeroplane effectively disappears. We are not

:45:41. > :45:44.talking about what is generally known as the real radar that fires

:45:45. > :45:48.the signal from the ground or the sea and gets the reflections back of

:45:49. > :45:51.the admin, that probably wasn't available to the controllers, that

:45:52. > :45:54.it might have been available to the military in the area who may have a

:45:55. > :45:57.better idea, but of course, as you have said, we are seeing the ships

:45:58. > :46:08.converging on a particular area. There are reports there was a brief

:46:09. > :46:13.distress signal but now it appears there was not one at all. How easy

:46:14. > :46:21.is it for a pilot if there is a sign of anything to very quickly send an

:46:22. > :46:26.alert? There is an order of priorities as to what to do if you

:46:27. > :46:31.have an emergency. The communication is about third in that. You are told

:46:32. > :46:36.to retain control of the aircraft, which is the most important thing,

:46:37. > :46:42.and then to navigate accordingly, to leave the area you are in and

:46:43. > :46:47.communicate that distress. Whatever it is that is causing you to take

:46:48. > :46:54.the action you are. It is not top priority. Insofar as there is a

:46:55. > :46:59.report about the beacon or distress call, I disagree there was a

:47:00. > :47:04.distress call. If there was a distress signal, it would have come

:47:05. > :47:09.from a beacon or device that was employed when a device impact water

:47:10. > :47:17.or the ground and send off a signal to locate it. It may or may not be

:47:18. > :47:21.the case. I agree that there will be sufficient and extensive radar

:47:22. > :47:26.coverage. When I was flying over this area, you are always under

:47:27. > :47:30.radar cover. It is a very heavily congested area and a very

:47:31. > :47:35.militarised area. People are watching with interest as to what is

:47:36. > :47:41.going on. Yes, definitely, there will be some radar data. As to when

:47:42. > :47:49.the signal disappeared off radar is open to question. It may be the

:47:50. > :47:52.aircraft broke up in the air and came down in pieces or it may be

:47:53. > :47:55.that the radar was lost but it's still descended. Then the signal was

:47:56. > :47:57.lost as it impacted the water, I do not know. We will have to see what

:47:58. > :48:00.they are saying. Last November new guidelines

:48:01. > :48:03.were issued about how the medical profession should deal with women

:48:04. > :48:05.going through the menopause - six months on, the British Menopause

:48:06. > :48:08.Society says it's still not seeing A survey released today shows that

:48:09. > :48:12.half of women will go through the menopause without seeing

:48:13. > :48:14.a single medical professional. Only 3% of women know

:48:15. > :48:17.about the guidelines, published by Nice -

:48:18. > :48:19.the National Institute for Health Many menopausal women will get

:48:20. > :48:24.sleeplessness, hot flushes, night sweats and memory loss

:48:25. > :48:26.and we've heard some women are so desperate

:48:27. > :48:29.to relieve their symptoms, they've even turned

:48:30. > :48:39.to unregulated treatments. In Shrewsbury we've got

:48:40. > :48:41.Julie Chandler who went through a surgical menopause

:48:42. > :48:42.at an early age. And Jayne Harrison's at her home

:48:43. > :48:45.in the Peak District - if you don't mind me saying so,

:48:46. > :48:50.you're currently going You're helping other women on how to

:48:51. > :49:03.deal with symptoms that work. Let's talk in our studio

:49:04. > :49:06.to Dr Heather Currie - she's a gynaecologist and also Chair

:49:07. > :49:17.of The British Menopause Society, The menopause affects women

:49:18. > :49:24.differently. The key underlying process is our ovaries stop working

:49:25. > :49:29.or in some cases are removed. That leads to our bodies becoming low in

:49:30. > :49:35.a very important hormone, oestrogen. While the focus of menopause is on

:49:36. > :49:39.periods stop paying and the expected consequences of that, flashes and

:49:40. > :49:43.sweats, what we want more people to know about is the effects of the

:49:44. > :49:47.lack of oestrogen which often stop with flashes and sweats but other

:49:48. > :49:52.symptoms, as you have mentioned, but also have later health consequences

:49:53. > :49:59.as well, particularly relating to bone and heart health. Only half the

:50:00. > :50:04.women going through it can seek professional help. Can women skate

:50:05. > :50:09.through and not receive any symptoms. A third of women felt they

:50:10. > :50:14.had to put up with it. They did not have a sense of seeking more

:50:15. > :50:19.information. Around that is the lack of understanding of the late effects

:50:20. > :50:26.of being low on oestrogen. So, everyone should seek treatment

:50:27. > :50:30.because of the long-term effects. Everyone should have a better

:50:31. > :50:34.understanding about this process of becoming low on oestrogen and how it

:50:35. > :50:37.can effect them. What they do about it is individual. There are

:50:38. > :50:41.treatments which are very effective but also diet and lifestyle changes

:50:42. > :50:45.are really important. The whole purpose of this campaign is to raise

:50:46. > :50:49.awareness of the importance but also to encourage women just to get more

:50:50. > :50:53.information so that however they choose to manage their menopause, it

:50:54. > :51:00.is an informed choice based on accurate information. I want to talk

:51:01. > :51:03.about those options in a moment. Want to go to Jane because you are

:51:04. > :51:09.50 and you are going through the menopause right now. How is it

:51:10. > :51:18.affecting you? When were you first aware that things were changing for

:51:19. > :51:21.you? I was probably about 47 and I probably did not realise

:51:22. > :51:25.straightaway it was the menopause. There were a number of other changes

:51:26. > :51:34.going on in my life and I thought it was the impact of that. Then, I

:51:35. > :51:38.would be waking up about three o'clock in the morning for about six

:51:39. > :51:42.to 12 months. I had very little sleep and it was impacting on my

:51:43. > :51:48.business and that is when I talked it over with a friend who said, it

:51:49. > :51:53.could be the menopause. I felt quite young internally, so I thought,

:51:54. > :51:56.really? It was at that point I went to the doctor and discuss some of my

:51:57. > :52:03.symptoms. Absolutely it was the menopause. I am in constant contact

:52:04. > :52:09.with my doctor now to ensure that my medication is correct. So I am not

:52:10. > :52:16.on HRT currently but we might get to that stage eventually. You are

:52:17. > :52:25.managing it, are you? Ayew at a stage where the symptoms not impact

:52:26. > :52:31.on you? -- are you at? I have made some changes to my lifestyle. I am

:52:32. > :52:37.out exercising a lot more. I have also changed my diet. I have gone

:52:38. > :52:48.from vegetarian too full of Egan. It has a high oestrogen content in

:52:49. > :52:53.soya. -- vegetarian to the Egan. What they do not tell you about is

:52:54. > :52:57.the impact it will have on your identity. Going from somebody who

:52:58. > :53:02.was really energetic and working 60 hours a week, being able to

:53:03. > :53:10.articulate really well in front of clients, to becoming some quite

:53:11. > :53:15.quiet, introverted, very low mood, and not being able to string a

:53:16. > :53:18.sentence together sometimes as well. Those have a significant impact if

:53:19. > :53:24.you work at a particular level in business. Those sorts of things were

:53:25. > :53:30.not discussed actually with the doctor, interestingly. You are just

:53:31. > :53:34.43 but you went through the menopause very early because you had

:53:35. > :53:41.your ovaries removed. That meant overnight US hit with the menopause.

:53:42. > :53:46.How did that impact on you? That was really hard. I had my ovaries

:53:47. > :53:51.removed when I was 39. Menopause was a long way from my thoughts at that

:53:52. > :53:54.time. Even though I had been told to expect to go through the menopause,

:53:55. > :54:01.I do not feel I was prepared for the impact. When your hormones tail off

:54:02. > :54:04.generally because of getting older and approaching the menopause

:54:05. > :54:09.naturally, for me, one day everything was fine. The next day I

:54:10. > :54:14.had no oestrogen of my own and the symptoms hit me incredibly hard. The

:54:15. > :54:19.hardest part was the night sweats, the way it affected my sleep. I was

:54:20. > :54:23.literally tossing and turning the entire night tried to find a cold

:54:24. > :54:29.patch on my pillow to cool down my face. I was on fire, I felt like I

:54:30. > :54:33.was on fire. The husband put a ceiling fan in the bedroom to try to

:54:34. > :54:39.help but it did not touch the symptoms. They did not want to give

:54:40. > :54:43.me HRT. I asked for it having tried so many other over-the-counter

:54:44. > :54:51.natural remedies. Nothing did anything for me. Despite spending a

:54:52. > :54:53.fortune I was getting nowhere. The lack of sleep was affecting me at

:54:54. > :54:56.work and at home, my concentration. In the end I said, if you do not

:54:57. > :55:06.give me something, I will crash the car because I cannot function. Did

:55:07. > :55:15.you get something? I was referred to a genetic counsellor because of my

:55:16. > :55:18.risk of breast and the varying cancer -- ovarian cancer. The letter

:55:19. > :55:23.was written saying I was going to be having a double mastectomy. Although

:55:24. > :55:31.HRT is associated with a slight increased risk of breast cancer, I

:55:32. > :55:35.was doing the ultimate thing to drastically reduce my risk of breast

:55:36. > :55:39.cancer. The very small increase for just a few months before I had the

:55:40. > :55:43.other surgery, by having HRT, was fine for them it was perfectly

:55:44. > :55:47.acceptable. Within a couple of days of having HRT I was normal again.

:55:48. > :55:56.Life could resume and it was fantastic. That is good. I know you

:55:57. > :56:03.are concerned about unregulated treatments. What is the issue there?

:56:04. > :56:12.Women are not expecting symptoms. If they want to seek treatments, there

:56:13. > :56:16.is a perception that HRT is risky. Many women have put off going to the

:56:17. > :56:22.doctor because they think all that will happen is they are prescribed

:56:23. > :56:26.HRT. As we have said, there is lots more around managing menopause and

:56:27. > :56:29.diet and lifestyle are hugely important. Hormone replacement

:56:30. > :56:34.therapy is the most effective treatment. For the majority of women

:56:35. > :56:37.it has more risks and more benefits. What there has been increasing

:56:38. > :56:45.interest in is looking at some unregulated therapies. These are bio

:56:46. > :56:49.identical therapies, products obtained from some pharmacies where

:56:50. > :56:54.there is not the same standardisation and regulation of

:56:55. > :57:01.the contents of the products. Is it supposed to be a more natural

:57:02. > :57:04.version of HRT? The point of HRT is to give back oestrogen. The

:57:05. > :57:09.consequences for the effects and impact on social and work life that

:57:10. > :57:13.the lack of oestrogen can have, we have heard about. The whole point of

:57:14. > :57:18.HRT is to give back oestrogen. We can do that in very natural low-dose

:57:19. > :57:23.preparations aiming to mimic the oestrogen we used to produce. For

:57:24. > :57:29.some, that is still seen as a drug is still seen as being associated

:57:30. > :57:33.with risk. These preparations are also using similar types of

:57:34. > :57:39.oestrogen but not in a regulated way. To take the treatments that are

:57:40. > :57:43.very natural and safe and mimic our own hormones, we can do that in

:57:44. > :57:50.prescribed ways without going to unregulated sources. Soya milk and

:57:51. > :57:59.of Egan diet, that was mentioned there. -- a vegan diet. This is all

:58:00. > :58:05.useful stuff. Not smoking and cutting down alcohol, it can all

:58:06. > :58:08.help in managing the early symptoms getting confidence and self-esteem

:58:09. > :58:16.back and it can help later health problems. Thank you very much.

:58:17. > :58:27.The missing EgyptAir plane will be discussed. I will be back tomorrow.

:58:28. > :58:30.Have a good afternoon.