09/09/2016

:00:07. > :00:12.I'm Chloe Tilley, in for Victoria - welcome to the programme.

:00:13. > :00:15.The biggest education shake-up in decades -

:00:16. > :00:18.Prime Minister Theresa May says every school in England will get

:00:19. > :00:24.the chance to become a grammar school, but insists there will be no

:00:25. > :00:27.return to the past of the 11-plus era of winners and losers.

:00:28. > :00:29.The gold rush has kicked off again in Rio.

:00:30. > :00:36.We picked up five golds on day one of the Paralympics -

:00:37. > :00:38.Dame Sarah Storey has become Britain's greatest female

:00:39. > :00:40.Paralympian of all time, getting her 12th gold medal.

:00:41. > :00:42.And, in an exclusive interview for this programme,

:00:43. > :00:48.She helped Edward Snowden, the man behind America's biggest

:00:49. > :00:53.leak of top secret intelligence, escape to Russia.

:00:54. > :00:56.She has now returned to the UK for the first time, having been

:00:57. > :01:04.Tonight sees the premiere of Snowden, a political

:01:05. > :01:08.How about we just start with your name, OK?

:01:09. > :01:14.I work as a private contractor for the NSA, the CIA.

:01:15. > :01:16.I've worked in various jobs in the intelligence industry

:01:17. > :01:36.We are going to be talking about statins.

:01:37. > :01:41.The biggest-ever study into the pills that are meant

:01:42. > :01:44.to prevent heart attacks and strokes says that the benefits

:01:45. > :01:47.Do you take them, or have you in the past?

:01:48. > :01:49.What were your experiences of the drug?

:01:50. > :01:54.Get in touch about that and all the stories we're

:01:55. > :01:56.talking about this morning - use the hashtag #VictoriaLIVE.

:01:57. > :01:59.And if you text, you will be charged at the standard network rate.

:02:00. > :02:02.Our top story today - Theresa May's set to announce

:02:03. > :02:04.later this morning the details of what's being called

:02:05. > :02:06.the biggest change to England's education system in a decade.

:02:07. > :02:09.Every secondary school could be given the opportunity

:02:10. > :02:12.to become a grammar school, but they might have to meet targets

:02:13. > :02:14.on how many pupils they take from poorer families.

:02:15. > :02:18.Theresa May's ambition is to give every pupil

:02:19. > :02:24.Her plan involves a bigger role for grammar schools.

:02:25. > :02:27.Selecting pupils according to test scores, they are controversial.

:02:28. > :02:31.Critics believe they entrench privilege.

:02:32. > :02:34.But the Prime Minister says she wants merit, not background,

:02:35. > :02:39.And, in a speech later today, she will make the case

:02:40. > :02:46.for a new wave of grammar schools, with certain conditions attached.

:02:47. > :02:49.Selective schools will have to meet targets on how many pupils they take

:02:50. > :02:53.from poorer families, or set up a new non-selective free school.

:02:54. > :02:57.To further support social mobility, universities that want to charge

:02:58. > :03:00.higher fees would be made to set up a new school,

:03:01. > :03:03.or sponsor an existing underperforming one.

:03:04. > :03:05.And the Government is also looking at relaxing the entry

:03:06. > :03:15.One example of the kind of grammar school Theresa May would like to see

:03:16. > :03:19.is already in place at a school in Birmingham, where up to a quarter

:03:20. > :03:23.of places are set aside for pupils from lower-income families.

:03:24. > :03:24.But, with Labour voices among those questioning

:03:25. > :03:26.the merits of selection, the plans are sure

:03:27. > :03:38.Our political correspondent Ben Wright is at Westminster.

:03:39. > :03:46.Is it clear how the details of this would actually work?

:03:47. > :03:49.Not at all clear. Justine Greening, the Education Secretary, has done a

:03:50. > :03:52.number of interviews this morning and has been pressed several times

:03:53. > :03:56.on how many grammar schools we might see at the end of this, how many

:03:57. > :04:01.pupils will go to them, what will the entrance criteria be, what sort

:04:02. > :04:04.of conditions will there be for new grammar schools to take in a

:04:05. > :04:17.proportion of children from disadvantaged backgrounds, something

:04:18. > :04:20.the Government says will happen, but exactly how is not known. The

:04:21. > :04:22.specifics are vague, we are at the beginning of a consultation, we will

:04:23. > :04:25.get a so-called green paper on Monday, there will be a lot of

:04:26. > :04:27.consultation with proper plans for a bill emerging sometime after that.

:04:28. > :04:30.At the moment all we know is that the Government have revived interest

:04:31. > :04:33.in grammar schools, and it is very significant, Brad go, because the

:04:34. > :04:40.argument about grammar schools has been dormant for about two decades

:04:41. > :04:44.-- radical, since the building of new grammar schools was banned in

:04:45. > :04:47.1998, nobody wanted to touch this, David Cameron did not, he thought

:04:48. > :04:51.they were divisive and did nothing to help social mobility. Teresa May

:04:52. > :04:53.has a different approach and it is a significant speech she will be

:04:54. > :04:56.making on this later this morning. And we'll bring you that

:04:57. > :04:58.announcement from Theresa May live later in the programme -

:04:59. > :05:00.we're expecting that But sometimes these things do run a

:05:01. > :05:06.little bit late. Annita McVeigh is in the BBC

:05:07. > :05:08.Newsroom with a summary North Korea has carried out what's

:05:09. > :05:14.thought to be its most powerful test yet of a nuclear warhead,

:05:15. > :05:16.in defiance of Huge earth tremors

:05:17. > :05:19.were detected overnight Experts say it could mean

:05:20. > :05:25.the country is a step closer Stephen Evans is in the South

:05:26. > :05:39.Korean capital Seoul. Good morning to you. We know what

:05:40. > :05:44.North Korea is claiming, presumably many experts working to try to

:05:45. > :05:49.verify exactly what has happened? Yes, there is no doubt that there

:05:50. > :05:54.was a nuclear test this morning, the military here in South Korea have

:05:55. > :05:59.confirmed it, and also North Korean TV has confirmed it. The announcer,

:06:00. > :06:04.that very familiar and answer, has been on North Korean TV saying the

:06:05. > :06:08.device, the bomb, was exploded underground to preserve the dignity

:06:09. > :06:15.of the country and the existence of the country, so no doubt about it.

:06:16. > :06:19.There has been condemnation from Japan, Russia, China, here in South

:06:20. > :06:24.Korea as well. As the US wakes up I have no doubt that will continue.

:06:25. > :06:28.The big question, though, what can they do about it? There was a fourth

:06:29. > :06:34.nuclear test back in January, sanctions were tightened, can they

:06:35. > :06:38.tighten them much further? Hard to see unless you really bring the

:06:39. > :06:40.economy to a halt and cause serious pain to ordinary people.

:06:41. > :06:55.OK, thank you very much for that. It's been a highly successful

:06:56. > :06:58.opening day for the Para GB team There were five gold medals

:06:59. > :07:01.for Britain, including one for cyclist Dame Sarah Storey,

:07:02. > :07:03.who's become Britain's most successful female

:07:04. > :07:05.Paralympian of all time, after winning the 12th

:07:06. > :07:07.gold of her career. The British team won 11 medals

:07:08. > :07:10.in total, putting them in second It's been a highly successful

:07:11. > :07:13.opening day for the Para GB team 12 golds in two sports

:07:14. > :07:18.across seven different Games, A

:07:19. > :07:20.swimmer-turned-cyclist-turned-icon, Dame Sarah Storey needed one more

:07:21. > :07:22.gold to become Britain's most In the C5 3000m pursuit final,

:07:23. > :07:26.the race is over if you Her team-mate Crystal Lane

:07:27. > :07:30.was the woman in front, knowing As Storey passed her,

:07:31. > :07:36.she passed Baroness Tanni Grey-Thompson, straight

:07:37. > :07:40.into the record books. As in the Olympics,

:07:41. > :07:43.Great Britain seemed Earlier, hunting the first

:07:44. > :07:46.British gold of the Games, Megan Giglia was chasing

:07:47. > :07:48.American Jamie Whitmore Soon Whatmore got that

:07:49. > :08:04.feeling, she is behind you. Gold to Giglia - victim of a stroke

:08:05. > :08:07.four years ago, this morning The man on the back of this bike,

:08:08. > :08:12.Steve Bate, is the first visually impaired man to climb an American

:08:13. > :08:14.mountain, and was persuaded He and guide Adam Duggleby were too

:08:15. > :08:18.quick for their Dutch opponents in their final,

:08:19. > :08:20.and Bate has scaled another summit. What they can do on wheels,

:08:21. > :08:23.Paralympics GB can Ollie Hynd qualified fastest

:08:24. > :08:27.for the S8 400m freestyle final. Soon it was a case of just how fast

:08:28. > :08:30.could he go? No-one else in the frame,

:08:31. > :08:42.Hynd against the clock. Hynd won, a new world record

:08:43. > :08:45.and his second Paralympic gold. Bethany Firth set a record

:08:46. > :08:48.on the way to the S14 backstroke final, and in that final

:08:49. > :08:50.she went and broke it again. An unforgettable day

:08:51. > :08:52.for the Northern Irish swimmer. Brazil's best-known

:08:53. > :09:02.para-athlete, he had won ten Paralympic golds before

:09:03. > :09:04.this, but none like this. These Games have been surrounded

:09:05. > :09:07.by trouble, but these are the scenes And stay with us for more

:09:08. > :09:11.on the Paralympics. Coming up shortly, we'll be speaking

:09:12. > :09:15.live to some of the friends An operation to rescue

:09:16. > :09:19.dozens of tourists trapped overnight in cable cars

:09:20. > :09:22.in the French Alps has resumed. 45 people were left stranded

:09:23. > :09:26.above the glaciers of Mont Blanc at an altitude of more than 12,000

:09:27. > :09:30.feet, after cable cars ground to a halt when their wires got

:09:31. > :09:35.tangled in strong winds. A helicopter rescue operation had

:09:36. > :09:38.to be suspended when night fell A French police officer has been

:09:39. > :09:44.stabbed during an operation to arrest three women in connection

:09:45. > :09:47.with a car found packed with gas canisters near the Notre Dame

:09:48. > :10:06.cathedral in Paris. Police opened fire

:10:07. > :10:08.during the operation in Boussy-Saint-Antoine,

:10:09. > :10:11.south-east of the capital, Officials said the suspects

:10:12. > :10:14.were "radicalised" and appeared to have been preparing

:10:15. > :10:16.an immediate attack. A major review of statins says

:10:17. > :10:18.the anti-cholesterol drug is safe and effective,

:10:19. > :10:20.and that any harmful side effects The study, published in The Lancet,

:10:21. > :10:24.says that reports of statins causing muscle pain were based

:10:25. > :10:26.on unreliable evidence. The review has been backed

:10:27. > :10:28.by several major organisations but some critics, including

:10:29. > :10:30.the British Medical Journal, claim it is not independent and has

:10:31. > :10:32.overlooked crucial data. In Britain, for example,

:10:33. > :10:35.maybe about a third of people who've already had a heart attack or stroke

:10:36. > :10:41.are not taking a statin. What the reasons are for doing that,

:10:42. > :10:48.it's difficult to know. But anxiety about side-effects,

:10:49. > :10:50.concern about "Should I take a tablet?"

:10:51. > :10:52.may well be driving that. I think if they and their doctors

:10:53. > :10:56.really have a better sense of how big the benefits are,

:10:57. > :10:58.and how small the harms are, then that may allow them to make

:10:59. > :11:05.a better-informed choice Labour leader Jeremy Corbyn

:11:06. > :11:08.and his challenger Owen Smith have Both men faced jeers

:11:09. > :11:11.and heckles from a fractious BBC One Question Time

:11:12. > :11:13.audience in Oldham. There were testy exchanges

:11:14. > :11:16.on subjects including Brexit, Labour's electoral hopes

:11:17. > :11:18.and Mr Corbyn's attempt to deal with All of us together are going to make

:11:19. > :11:27.sure we defeat any aspects of anti-Semitism within our party

:11:28. > :11:30.and within our society. On that, I'm sure we're

:11:31. > :11:33.absolutely agreed, yeah? We are agreed, but I'm not sure

:11:34. > :11:35.you're entirely Owen, that is a pretty unfair way

:11:36. > :11:42.of saying it. I have spent my life

:11:43. > :11:45.opposing racism in any form, Some of your Jewish Labour MPs

:11:46. > :11:56.do not feel that Labour under your leadership

:11:57. > :11:58.is a safe place, Jeremy. I support them in their right

:11:59. > :12:00.to to their identity I support them when they're being

:12:01. > :12:04.abused, just as I would support anybody else who's suffering any

:12:05. > :12:06.kind of racism. Nasa has launched its first space

:12:07. > :12:11.probe aimed at gathering The spacecraft Osiris-Rex has

:12:12. > :12:13.started a seven-year round trip to get rubble

:12:14. > :12:17.from an ancient space rock. It's hoped the particles could hold

:12:18. > :12:19.clues to the origin of life, not just on Earth, but elsewhere

:12:20. > :12:25.in the solar system. Britain's native dormouse could be

:12:26. > :12:27.vulnerable to extinction, after suffering a dramatic decline

:12:28. > :12:38.in numbers over the last decade-and-a-half,

:12:39. > :12:43.according to a new report by the wildlife charity the People's

:12:44. > :12:45.Trust For Endangered Species. The tiny hazel dormouse was once

:12:46. > :12:47.widespread throughout England and Wales, but its population

:12:48. > :12:50.is estimated to have fallen 40% The decline is being blamed

:12:51. > :12:54.on the loss of hedgerows, poor management of woodlands

:12:55. > :12:55.and warmer winters. That's a summary of the latest BBC

:12:56. > :12:58.News - more at 9.30am. Do get in touch with us

:12:59. > :13:01.throughout the morning - If you text, you will be charged

:13:02. > :13:07.at the standard network rate. Olly Foster is at

:13:08. > :13:21.the BBC Sport Centre. Success already at the Paralympics

:13:22. > :13:24.and of course it has come from the cycling.

:13:25. > :13:29.Yes, they topped their own mini medal table in London and Beijing,

:13:30. > :13:34.they have already got four medals after the first day of 11 days of

:13:35. > :13:37.competition in Rio. They clearly benefit from this fantastic

:13:38. > :13:41.facilities at British Cycling had at what has been labelled the medal

:13:42. > :13:46.factory, Manchester's velodrome, not too far from here, the British home

:13:47. > :13:54.of cycling, and an awful lot of funding. UK Sport really target word

:13:55. > :13:58.they think the medals will come from and Para of cycling in the years

:13:59. > :14:03.leading up to London got about ?4 million and reaped the reward with

:14:04. > :14:08.22 medals. For Rio, they have had almost ?7 million, they have built

:14:09. > :14:12.up a group of world-class Para athlete and at the heart of that we

:14:13. > :14:19.have seen Dame Sarah Storey winning her first gold in the 3000 metres

:14:20. > :14:22.pursuit. Would you believe this is her seventh Paralympics?! She

:14:23. > :14:29.started out as a swimmer, got any infection and could not carry on,

:14:30. > :14:33.switched to cycling 11 years ago, that was Megan Giglia who also won a

:14:34. > :14:37.gold in the pursuit, she had a stroke three years ago, and there

:14:38. > :14:42.was gold for the tandem men as well. Let's hear now from Dame Sarah

:14:43. > :14:43.Storey about what it means to get 12 Paralympic golds, which overtakes

:14:44. > :14:50.Baroness Tanni Grey-Thompson. So she's an incredible spirit,

:14:51. > :14:56.an incredibly special lady. The first person I spoke

:14:57. > :14:59.to when I came off the track She's been a mentor and a huge

:15:00. > :15:03.inspiration to me my whole career, You know, if I have any sort

:15:04. > :15:18.of issues I need to ask anyone Starting out as a Paralympic man she

:15:19. > :15:21.was 14, and more medal chances over the next few days.

:15:22. > :15:49.Let's talk about tennis, more shocks at the US Open, people

:15:50. > :15:52.that means it has ended her reign as world number one, she has been world

:15:53. > :15:56.number 143.5 years. Let's show you how she lost to Karolina Pliskova,

:15:57. > :16:01.went out on a whimper, really, double faulting on match point.

:16:02. > :16:06.Discover into a second week at a major for the first time in her

:16:07. > :16:10.career and now into the final. Serena Williams says, I played

:16:11. > :16:15.back-to-back matches, I was not tired, but she said she had been

:16:16. > :16:19.struggling with a knee problem. Surely that 23rd major title will

:16:20. > :16:24.come at some point, just not this year.

:16:25. > :16:30.We did stay up very late the other night to watch Andy Murray go out,

:16:31. > :16:36.which was disappointing, at the US Open. At least one Murray brother is

:16:37. > :16:37.in the final. All eyes on Jamie Murray, who over the last couple of

:16:38. > :16:44.years has become a very, doubles player. He won the

:16:45. > :16:53.Australian open title back in January, with his new partner, Bruno

:16:54. > :16:59.Soares. They beat the world number one players from France. Murray and

:17:00. > :17:03.Suarez looking for their second grand slam title together. They have

:17:04. > :17:11.got every chance of doing that as they face the unseeded pair. Put

:17:12. > :17:15.your money on Jamie every time! Thanks, Olly, speak to you later on.

:17:16. > :17:18.Great Britain's Paralympians have won five gold medals on the first

:17:19. > :17:21.Dame Sarah Storey has become Britain's most successful female

:17:22. > :17:23.Paralympian of all time, winning the 12th gold medal

:17:24. > :17:26.of her career Steve Bate, with pilot Adam Duggleby,

:17:27. > :17:33.won cycling golds for the men"s B 4000 metre individual pursuit,

:17:34. > :17:35.and Megan Giglia took gold in the Womens C1-2-3

:17:36. > :17:45.And gold in swimming for Bethany Firth in the women's

:17:46. > :17:48.While Ollie Hynd took gold in the men's 100

:17:49. > :17:53.Great Britain have won 11 medals now, and are currently in second

:17:54. > :17:57.place in the medal table behind China.

:17:58. > :18:01.We have heard that before, second place in the medal table, let's hope

:18:02. > :18:03.it stays that way! Roisin O'Shea is here,

:18:04. > :18:06.she is the agent of Sarah Storey and has talked to her daily

:18:07. > :18:11.in the lead up to her Rio campaign. Over Skype, we've got

:18:12. > :18:13.Malcolm McCausland, who has known the world's fastest Paralympian,

:18:14. > :18:15.Jason Smyth, since In Cambridge, Chris Whitaker

:18:16. > :18:23.is the former agent of Ollie Hynd. And from Oswestry, Jane Johnson,

:18:24. > :18:33.who is cyclist Megan Thank you all for speaking to us.

:18:34. > :18:37.Rochina, I've got to start with you. I stayed up late to watch Sarah

:18:38. > :18:41.Storey last night. What was it like for you to watch that amazing

:18:42. > :18:45.achievement? Pretty emotional. Really inspiring. You know, knowing

:18:46. > :18:53.how hard she has worked and how much she sacrifices. It's just great to

:18:54. > :18:58.have seen her go and win it. And win it so well, as well, it's great.

:18:59. > :19:02.Talking about Sarah, she is incredible. We heard that the

:19:03. > :19:05.beginning of the programme, she started in swimming, found out it

:19:06. > :19:09.wasn't too much of a challenge, moved over to cycling. Her

:19:10. > :19:14.disability is to do with her hand. It explained how that affects her.

:19:15. > :19:21.It really doesn't. She would be the last person to tell you that she's

:19:22. > :19:26.got a disability. She, you know, she races able-bodied in her road racing

:19:27. > :19:31.team, podium ambition. She competes in training with able-bodied riders.

:19:32. > :19:35.In terms of her disability, she is missing a hand, but it has not

:19:36. > :19:41.stopped her in anything that she has done. And this is just proof of

:19:42. > :19:46.that. I want to bring in Jane at this point. Megan won gold as well

:19:47. > :19:50.last night. In fact, she won the first goal. It is a very different

:19:51. > :19:54.story from Megan about how she found her way to the Paralympics. Good

:19:55. > :19:59.morning, absolutely, yes, what fantastic way for Megan to start her

:20:00. > :20:02.Paralympic campaign, hopefully the first of many golds. Yes, Megan's

:20:03. > :20:08.story is very different in the sense that she hadn't cycled competitively

:20:09. > :20:13.prior to her stroke, she had always cycled recreationally. But after the

:20:14. > :20:16.stroke she began cycling as part of her rehabilitation. I think

:20:17. > :20:22.initially never dreaming that she would make Rio. But as her training

:20:23. > :20:24.came along, and after being accepted on the Para-cycling team, she really

:20:25. > :20:30.started to believe that she could make her way to Rio. And here she

:20:31. > :20:35.is, a Paralympic champion. For Megan, it is incredible. I right in

:20:36. > :20:39.thinking that the stroke was in 2013, she is paralysed down one side

:20:40. > :20:43.of her body? That's right. After the stroke she woke up with temporary

:20:44. > :20:49.paralysis down her right hand side. She still has intermittent paralysis

:20:50. > :20:54.-- complete paralysis. Depending on whether or not she has had a

:20:55. > :21:00.seizure. She has of a riot of neurological issues to manage after

:21:01. > :21:03.the stroke. -- a variety of neurological issues. It has been a

:21:04. > :21:08.jam-packed birthday in Rio, hopefully it will continue for para-

:21:09. > :21:12.GP. Let's speak about swimming. Chris Whitaker, former agent and

:21:13. > :21:20.friend of Olly. Amazing, weekend, night, his achievement -- amazing

:21:21. > :21:26.for Ollie Hynd last night. Talk us through his challenges? I mean,

:21:27. > :21:34.there are lots of words to describe Olly. He has a condition, a muscle

:21:35. > :21:39.wasting condition. I don't know whether you saw before the start of

:21:40. > :21:45.this race last night, but despite that he is able to train very well,

:21:46. > :21:49.to make the most of what he can do, and his challenges, and he is

:21:50. > :21:55.meticulous in his preparation and his hunger. And his approach, I

:21:56. > :21:57.mean, this is a person who is now a double Paralympic champion, world

:21:58. > :22:04.champion, double European champion and Commonwealth champion. And he

:22:05. > :22:10.still wanted more. The hunger that he has the success is insatiable. He

:22:11. > :22:15.has a very good support network at home. He is very, very humble with

:22:16. > :22:19.the success, and does a lot in his community as well. He is an

:22:20. > :22:23.all-round great athlete and great person. Often when you watch

:22:24. > :22:26.swimming, the margin of a victory, even the margin between gold and

:22:27. > :22:30.bronze, is pretty small. It was pretty big last night. It was a

:22:31. > :22:38.significant win. He paced really well. He qualified with a

:22:39. > :22:43.significant degree of advantage, and then kind of pasted really well in

:22:44. > :22:48.the final. He swam better than I expected him to do. Normally what

:22:49. > :22:53.happens in the 400 is level pegging, and such is Olly's power and

:22:54. > :22:57.strength that he kind of tends to go away, but he started as he meant to

:22:58. > :23:01.go on last night. I think that's testament to not only his hard work

:23:02. > :23:09.but the hard work of the team behind him. And the whole Paralympic GB

:23:10. > :23:12.swimming setup, which is superb. His coach Glenn Smith, who he has worked

:23:13. > :23:17.with for a number of years, does fantastic work with strength and

:23:18. > :23:20.conditioning. He literally leaves no stone unturned in his quest for

:23:21. > :23:24.success. We are talking about somebody who even had a sauna

:23:25. > :23:27.installed in his house to help his recovery. So the degree of

:23:28. > :23:33.preparation that every Paralympian athlete goes into the be successful

:23:34. > :23:37.at this level and make the most of who they are, despite their

:23:38. > :23:41.limitations, shouldn't be underestimated. I want to bring

:23:42. > :23:47.Malcolm in at this stage to talk about Jason. Jason is the fastest

:23:48. > :23:52.Paralympian. But he only has 10% vision. Yes, that's right. At eight

:23:53. > :23:59.years of age he was diagnosed as having star got disease, which means

:24:00. > :24:02.that he only has 10% vision, it affects his central vision system.

:24:03. > :24:07.It is just a condition that he has to live with. It is incredible to

:24:08. > :24:10.watch. This sounds ridiculous probably to you, but watching him,

:24:11. > :24:16.he goes so fast, is that not frightening with only 10% vision? Do

:24:17. > :24:20.it think so. I know that they can't run indoors in the 60 metres -- you

:24:21. > :24:28.would think so. They can't see the starting time. But, he doesn't know

:24:29. > :24:33.what it is like to have 2020 vision, he has had this all his life. For

:24:34. > :24:39.him, his range of what he can see is really what he has become accustomed

:24:40. > :24:44.to. Before the Paralympics darted, I was lucky enough to speak to stare a

:24:45. > :24:49.story on this programme. -- Sarah Storey. The dedication, commitment

:24:50. > :24:53.and total single-mindedness. She was only going that the gold, there was

:24:54. > :24:56.nothing there. Do you think Paralympians have to work harder and

:24:57. > :25:03.train harder than Olympians, as some people would suggest Wesley in terms

:25:04. > :25:06.of competing, I don't think so. Sarah never under estimate her

:25:07. > :25:10.competitor, whoever she is racing, whether it is on the road or on the

:25:11. > :25:15.track. In terms of having to work harder, I don't think they do have

:25:16. > :25:19.to work any harder than an Olympian. I think they are all as focused and

:25:20. > :25:24.as dedicated. You know, there is a certain calibre of person that

:25:25. > :25:28.becomes an Olympic athlete or a Paralympic athlete. That is

:25:29. > :25:34.something that, you know, it is such a unique, prestigious status. And I

:25:35. > :25:37.think whether you are a Paralympic athlete or an Olympic athlete, or an

:25:38. > :25:41.athlete aiming for that, I don't think it is any easier for any of

:25:42. > :25:45.them or harder. She does a lot within her community. She goes back

:25:46. > :25:49.to her old school and talks to the children, which presumably must be a

:25:50. > :25:53.huge inspiration for them. Absolutely. Anyone who has ever met

:25:54. > :25:58.her, whether it is somewhere you might bump into her and she was the

:25:59. > :26:01.say hello, or, for me, working with her, she is an incredible

:26:02. > :26:07.inspiration to anyone. You know immediately that there is something

:26:08. > :26:11.different about Sarah. And she is absolutely committed to making sure

:26:12. > :26:14.that every, you know, schoolchildren, that they realise

:26:15. > :26:18.that they could be anything that they want to be. You know, don't let

:26:19. > :26:24.things stop you. I think the fact that she is a Paralympic athlete is

:26:25. > :26:29.separate to that. She is very, very dedicated in paving the way for

:26:30. > :26:33.future athletes, in whatever sport they go down. Chris, how important

:26:34. > :26:41.is that to the likes of Olly, to be that inspiration. Just with young

:26:42. > :26:47.people generally, they can go out and do whatever they want to do?

:26:48. > :26:50.Absolutely. You speak to Olly, the first thing he will tell you is that

:26:51. > :26:57.to him, it is about his ability, not his disability. I think that, I have

:26:58. > :27:01.worked with a number of Paralympians, and that is what it is

:27:02. > :27:07.like. There is this kind of DNA that cuts through the Paralympics, they

:27:08. > :27:13.are all about defining what they can do, about pushing their potential,

:27:14. > :27:15.and living their life. Not only in success, but also about being

:27:16. > :27:20.positive role models in the community and spreading the word of

:27:21. > :27:23.disability, which is really important to have this opportunity

:27:24. > :27:28.in Paralympics, to be talking on a programme like this. And to be

:27:29. > :27:32.promoting positive possibilities for disabled people. Jane, for people

:27:33. > :27:35.who did not see your girlfriend Megan Giglia's race last night. At

:27:36. > :27:38.the end of the race she was holding a picture of the young boy. Just

:27:39. > :27:45.explain what she said after the race? That's right, yes. Megan likes

:27:46. > :27:50.to dedicate each one of her races to a young person or their family who

:27:51. > :27:54.are suffering with the after-effects of a stroke. She really wants to do

:27:55. > :27:59.that to try and give that person and local birds of extra motivation and

:28:00. > :28:03.encouragement in their recovery -- to give that person a little bit of

:28:04. > :28:07.extra motivation. This little boy has literally just had a stroke. He

:28:08. > :28:10.is starting his recovery. She helped is picture up to say, believe in

:28:11. > :28:15.anything you want to believe in and you can do it. That's right. It is

:28:16. > :28:20.really, really important to Megan that she does help to ideally raised

:28:21. > :28:27.the profile of, you know, ways of dealing with the effects of brain

:28:28. > :28:30.injury. And also, you know, she is a keen to support other stroke

:28:31. > :28:35.survivors through their journey and their recovery -- she is very keen.

:28:36. > :28:38.Malcolm, what about Jason? Jason presumably must be a huge

:28:39. > :28:44.inspiration to young people in Ireland? Absolutely, he is a huge

:28:45. > :28:51.inspiration to everyone. He has talked about a lot as being the

:28:52. > :28:55.Usain Bolt of Paralympic athletics. It is an epithet that weighs heavily

:28:56. > :29:00.on his shoulders. But he himself uses it as an inspiration to run

:29:01. > :29:07.faster, achieve more. And leave a legacy as a Paralympic athlete. And

:29:08. > :29:11.what races has he got? Has he just got 100m? Well, there is only 100m

:29:12. > :29:16.in his particular category this time. He had 100 and 200 in London,

:29:17. > :29:21.100 and 200 in Beijing. But this time he is only allowed to defend

:29:22. > :29:25.his 100m title. That final is this afternoon, just after 3pm. We will

:29:26. > :29:29.be watching with bated breath. Thank you all of you for joining us,

:29:30. > :29:31.Roisin, thank you for coming into the studio.

:29:32. > :29:36.Still to come: An exclusive interview with Wikileaks editor

:29:37. > :29:38.Sarah Harrison, who helped Edward Snowdon, the man responsible

:29:39. > :29:41.for the biggest leak of top secret intelligence files the world

:29:42. > :29:44.And we'll get the latest on the operation to rescue more

:29:45. > :29:52.than 45 people stranded overnight in cable cars on the French Alps.

:29:53. > :29:54.Annita McVeigh is in the BBC Newsroom with a summary

:29:55. > :30:00.Theresa May's set to announce later this morning the details today

:30:01. > :30:03.of what's being called the biggest change to England's

:30:04. > :30:10.Every secondary school could be given the opportunity

:30:11. > :30:13.to become a grammar school, but schools might have to meet

:30:14. > :30:15.targets on how many pupils they take from poorer families.

:30:16. > :30:17.Labour says the Government is failing to tackle

:30:18. > :30:22.North Korea has carried out what's thought to be its most powerful test

:30:23. > :30:24.yet of a nuclear warhead, in defiance of

:30:25. > :30:27.Huge earth tremors were detected overnight

:30:28. > :30:31.Experts say it could mean the country is a step closer

:30:32. > :30:40.It's been a highly successful opening day for the Para GB team

:30:41. > :30:45.There were five gold medals for Britain, including one

:30:46. > :30:48.for cyclist Dame Sarah Storey - who becomes Britain's most

:30:49. > :30:49.successful female Paralympian of all time, after winning

:30:50. > :30:56.The British team won 11 medals in total, putting them in second

:30:57. > :31:02.A major review of statins says the anti-cholesterol drug

:31:03. > :31:05.is safe and effective, and that any harmful side effects

:31:06. > :31:09.The study, published in The Lancet, says that reports of statins causing

:31:10. > :31:12.muscle pain were based on unreliable evidence.

:31:13. > :31:15.The review has been backed by several major organisations

:31:16. > :31:18.but some critics, including the British Medical Journal,

:31:19. > :31:23.claim it is not independent and has overlooked crucial data.

:31:24. > :31:26.Labour leader Jeremy Corbyn and his challenger Owen Smith have

:31:27. > :31:37.Both men faced heckles from a BBC One Question Time

:31:38. > :31:40.There were testy exchanges on subjects including Brexit,

:31:41. > :31:43.Labour's electoral hopes and Mr Corbyn's attempt to deal with

:31:44. > :31:48.Nasa has launched its first space probe aimed at gathering

:31:49. > :31:51.The spacecraft Osiris-Rex has started a seven-year

:31:52. > :31:54.round trip to get rubble from an ancient space rock.

:31:55. > :31:56.It's hoped the particles could hold clues to the origin of life,

:31:57. > :32:00.not just on Earth, but elsewhere in the solar system.

:32:01. > :32:08.That's a summary of the latest BBC News - more at 10am.

:32:09. > :32:14.Lots of you getting in touch about grammar schools, we expect to hear

:32:15. > :32:17.from the Prime Minister Theresa May at 10:45am with more details of

:32:18. > :32:23.those plans about expanding grammar schools. An e-mail from Anthony,

:32:24. > :32:26.there is no doubt the grammar school and public school teaching

:32:27. > :32:30.environment benefits pupils tremendously and when boarding is

:32:31. > :32:33.added into the mix, a fully rounded self-confident and aspirational

:32:34. > :32:39.individual should emerge. This currently privileged start to life

:32:40. > :32:44.should be available to everybody, schooling should be taken out of

:32:45. > :32:49.urban locations and placed in an accessible rural locations.

:32:50. > :32:53.Another, with the Brexit minefield to contentment, it is extraordinary

:32:54. > :32:57.that Theresa May should make a grammar school revival, which was

:32:58. > :33:01.absent from the Tory manifesto, such a deeply divisive test of public and

:33:02. > :33:04.political opinion, shades of personal opinion eclipsing political

:33:05. > :33:08.common sense. Let's get the sport

:33:09. > :33:17.with Olly Foster. After the first day of the

:33:18. > :33:26.Paralympics in Rio, Great Britain are second in the medal table behind

:33:27. > :33:31.China, with 12 medals. Dame Sarah Storey have overtaken Baroness

:33:32. > :33:38.Genette Tate -- Baroness Tanni Grey-Thompson as Britain's most

:33:39. > :33:45.successful female Paralympic. Serena Williams is out of the US

:33:46. > :33:49.Open, having lost to Karolina Pliskova. Jamie Murray is to do the

:33:50. > :33:55.doubles final, he and his partner Bruno Suarez beat Pierre-Hugues

:33:56. > :33:59.Herbert and Nicolas Mahut, and they are on course for their second grand

:34:00. > :34:06.slam title this year. It is make or break for Chris Froome, the Tour de

:34:07. > :34:10.France winner needs to make up 3.5 minutes with only three stages left

:34:11. > :34:13.to race in Spain. Today's time trial is his best chance of catching up.

:34:14. > :34:17.I will have another update after 10am.

:34:18. > :34:19.Tonight sees the World Premiere of Snowden -

:34:20. > :34:22.the latest political thriller from the director Oliver Stone.

:34:23. > :34:25.The film follows the life of Edward Snowden, the man

:34:26. > :34:27.responsible for the biggest leak of top secret intelligence

:34:28. > :34:38.Before we get onto these stories, I need to know more about you.

:34:39. > :34:44.I work as a private contractor for the NSA, the CIA.

:34:45. > :34:45.I've worked in various jobs in intelligence industry

:34:46. > :34:49.Listen, they're going to come for me.

:34:50. > :34:51.And now that we've made contact, they're going to come

:34:52. > :34:58.How about we just start with your name, OK?

:34:59. > :35:09.In real life, Sarah Harrison from Wikileaks played

:35:10. > :35:11.an important part in the story - helping Edward Snowden escape

:35:12. > :35:14.to Russia, and then spending six weeks alongside him in Moscow

:35:15. > :35:18.She's been living in Germany for the last two years,

:35:19. > :35:21.but has now returned to the UK after her lawyers said

:35:22. > :35:24.she is no longer at risk of being detained under terror laws.

:35:25. > :35:28.In a few minutes we'll speak to her in what is her first

:35:29. > :35:37.June 2013, and this man was on the front pages

:35:38. > :35:40.Edward Snowden, who leaked secret about our government

:35:41. > :35:44.surveillance programmes, is officially a fugitive.

:35:45. > :35:46.Edward Snowden had been working for the CIA

:35:47. > :35:50.and America's National Security Agency.

:35:51. > :35:53.He had flown to Hong Kong, taking thousands of top-secret

:35:54. > :35:57.documents with him, files which he said showed the true

:35:58. > :36:00.extent of US electronic surveillance programmes.

:36:01. > :36:03.When you are subverting the power of government,

:36:04. > :36:12.that is a fundamentally dangerous thing to democracy.

:36:13. > :36:14.Sarah Harrison had been working for the whistle-blowing site WikiLeaks.

:36:15. > :36:17.She was told to take the next plane to Hong Kong and help

:36:18. > :36:21.The US authorities had charged him with spying and wanted him back.

:36:22. > :36:24.Harrison was by his side when he flew to Moscow,

:36:25. > :36:28.hoping to catch a connecting flight to South America.

:36:29. > :36:32.For the next six weeks, they were stuck together

:36:33. > :36:35.in the transit zone of Moscow airport, unable to leave

:36:36. > :36:38.after the US cancelled Edward Snowden's passport.

:36:39. > :36:41.But while the American became a well-known face all over

:36:42. > :36:48.the world, Harrison continued to work in the background.

:36:49. > :36:51.Snowden was eventually given temporary asylum in Russia.

:36:52. > :36:54.Harrison stayed with him for the next three months, as he met

:36:55. > :37:01.In late 2013, she moved to Berlin, saying her lawyers had told her not

:37:02. > :37:04.to come back to the UK in case she was detained under terror laws.

:37:05. > :37:10.She continues her work with WikiLeaks.

:37:11. > :37:13.The site's controversial founder, Julian Assange, has been living

:37:14. > :37:16.in the Ecuadorian Embassy in London for four years.

:37:17. > :37:18.Swedish police still want to question him over allegations

:37:19. > :37:21.of sex abuse and rape, which he denies.

:37:22. > :37:24.His supporters fear he could be sent on to the US and put on trial

:37:25. > :37:33.Sarah Harrison is said to be his closest adviser, someone

:37:34. > :37:40.WikiLeaks is still showing itself to be influential.

:37:41. > :37:44.Over the summer it published internal e-mails which led

:37:45. > :37:46.to the resignation of a senior US politician.

:37:47. > :37:52.It's like Watergate, only now in cyber time.

:37:53. > :37:55.The site is now promising more significant leaks linked

:37:56. > :37:58.to Hillary Clinton's presidential campaign,

:37:59. > :38:02.all to be released in the run-up to the US election.

:38:03. > :38:08.Sarah Harrison is here with me now for her first British TV interview.

:38:09. > :38:18.Thank you for coming in. Tell me first of all how it came about that

:38:19. > :38:22.you helped Edward Snowden? When he went public as being the source of

:38:23. > :38:27.these revelations, the stories had started some days before coming out

:38:28. > :38:34.and really shook the world, and he came forward as the source with a

:38:35. > :38:39.video, and then the manhunt began. The intelligence services at least

:38:40. > :38:43.in the United States were very much after him, the Government was

:38:44. > :38:45.reacting very strongly to the revelations and coming out and

:38:46. > :38:51.attacking him, and those working with him. And he reached out to

:38:52. > :38:57.WikiLeaks, understanding that we knew quite a lot, because of

:38:58. > :39:01.Julian's case, about a file and extradition, and when politics comes

:39:02. > :39:05.into these cases you will see in a number of situations with

:39:06. > :39:08.whistle-blowers these days the politics and Law intersect and it is

:39:09. > :39:15.not just about the law, politics comes into it, for example with

:39:16. > :39:20.Edward the President's plane was downed due to it, so we had good

:39:21. > :39:24.expertise as well as a knowledge of technical and operational security.

:39:25. > :39:28.He asked us for any assistance we could give, we were able to help, I

:39:29. > :39:33.know Hong Kong well so I was chosen to go out there and work on the

:39:34. > :39:38.ground. You were in Moscow airport for five weeks? Yes, I began in Hong

:39:39. > :39:43.Kong is sorting out the legal and political scenario, ensuring that he

:39:44. > :39:48.would be able to leave at the time that we did in a completely legal

:39:49. > :39:52.and safe manner. The United States had actually, although they had

:39:53. > :39:56.issued an extradition request, they messed up the middle name, his

:39:57. > :40:00.middle name, so the Hong Kong authorities were being very diligent

:40:01. > :40:03.and wanted to make sure they had the right person so were unable to do

:40:04. > :40:11.anything with the initial paperwork that was sent. Luckily we timed our

:40:12. > :40:16.exit from Hong Kong quite well and left before the United States were

:40:17. > :40:21.able to put in the right paperwork. He was stranded in Moscow because

:40:22. > :40:25.the passport was withdrawn? Exactly, so we were on the flight and Hong

:40:26. > :40:29.Kong were understandably keen to explain this was not their problem

:40:30. > :40:32.now and it was leaked that he had left Hong Kong jurisdiction and was

:40:33. > :40:37.on a flight out on the way to Russia and that I was with him. Once we hit

:40:38. > :40:42.the ground in Russia and try to check in for our onward flight, we

:40:43. > :40:50.were aiming to get to Latin America which is where he wanted to claim

:40:51. > :40:51.aside, in an incredible own goal the United States cancelled his

:40:52. > :40:57.passport, leaving him stranded there, so we ended up with 40 days

:40:58. > :41:01.and 40 nights in Moscow airport. You say in a Moscow airport but the

:41:02. > :41:07.world's media descended and no-one could find you! Where were you?

:41:08. > :41:11.Luckily we are quite good at hiding! The world's press were around and

:41:12. > :41:15.intelligence services after him as well but we managed to find a safe

:41:16. > :41:19.space within the and of course because of all these people looking

:41:20. > :41:25.for us we could not leave much so we spent 40 days in that room. Did you

:41:26. > :41:33.move around, go out and get food? People have to eat, there is airport

:41:34. > :41:37.food, a lot of Burger Kings! I haven't eaten one since, I don't

:41:38. > :41:41.know if I ever will! You were stuck in Russia at this point and of

:41:42. > :41:46.course Edward Snowden is an enemy of the US and therefore a natural

:41:47. > :41:50.friend of Russia at this point. What would the conversations that you had

:41:51. > :41:56.about granting asylum for Edward Snowden there? Well, he had wanted

:41:57. > :42:01.to get to Latin America so we began by putting in an asylum request to

:42:02. > :42:05.several other countries, mainly Latin America but also Europe, to

:42:06. > :42:12.see if there would be a safe place somewhere that he could go that was

:42:13. > :42:18.not Russia. We put in over 20, this is what we spent quite a number of

:42:19. > :42:24.weeks right at the beginning doing. And, sadly, most countries in Europe

:42:25. > :42:28.either rejected or just didn't even answer at all, didn't respond. There

:42:29. > :42:32.were a number of favourable answers from places in Latin America but

:42:33. > :42:36.getting there from Russia by this stage, where we would need safe

:42:37. > :42:41.passage, particularly after a President's plane was downed, where

:42:42. > :42:46.many countries in Europe closed their airspace and helped down this

:42:47. > :42:51.President's plane, it was clearly unsafe and he would not be able to

:42:52. > :43:01.get safe passage. Did the Russian authorities want anything in

:43:02. > :43:02.exchange for asylum? This is wonderful for the Russian

:43:03. > :43:04.authorities, they have somebody exposing state secrets for the US

:43:05. > :43:07.walking into their country, effectively unable to leave, so did

:43:08. > :43:10.the FSB get in touch, did the Russian authorities say, you can

:43:11. > :43:14.stay but we want access to the information? There was never

:43:15. > :43:17.anything asked for in exchange, he was approached by intelligence

:43:18. > :43:21.services, it would be unimaginable to think they didn't, it was their

:43:22. > :43:24.job, any country's intelligence services would have done that and it

:43:25. > :43:30.was one of the reasons I stayed with him, to ensure his safety in various

:43:31. > :43:35.ways, and something we predicted, that this attack would come, that he

:43:36. > :43:39.had given information to other Government including the Russians,

:43:40. > :43:43.so we wanted a witness to be able to say, which I can testify to, that he

:43:44. > :43:48.did not give anything to any intelligence services. There was

:43:49. > :43:53.never any talk about it being an exchange for anything at all, and

:43:54. > :43:56.then later on when we put in the asylum requests, all the proper

:43:57. > :44:01.processes were gone through, he filled out asylum forms, etc, and

:44:02. > :44:06.got his temporary asylum into Russia for a year after some deliberation

:44:07. > :44:11.time. He has about a year left on his residence permit? Yes, first he

:44:12. > :44:15.got temporary asylum for a year, then applied for a short-term

:44:16. > :44:21.residency permit, so for three years, so he has a year left on

:44:22. > :44:26.that. Will the Russians then ask for access to information in order for

:44:27. > :44:30.him to stay? Presumably that is a concern? Whether they were asked, I

:44:31. > :44:35.did then. He has been quite clear and I think now after so many years

:44:36. > :44:38.it has been borne out that he gave all the information to journalists

:44:39. > :44:42.in Hong Kong at the beginning, he did not leave Hong Kong with any

:44:43. > :44:46.information, so whatever people wanted he would not be able to give

:44:47. > :45:09.it, I think that has been clear for several years. I would be

:45:10. > :45:12.surprised if they go through any trouble to that again. Did you, at

:45:13. > :45:15.any point, ever question your own choices, your decisions about going

:45:16. > :45:17.with Edward Snowden? Because he did not know all of the contents of

:45:18. > :45:20.those 20,000 e-mails that he had, and I assume you did not read 20,000

:45:21. > :45:23.documents, so you did not know what he was leaking? The revelations had

:45:24. > :45:26.started to come out, I had not read all of them myself but Ed and some

:45:27. > :45:28.journalists who had been working with Ewen MacAskill from here in the

:45:29. > :45:32.UK, they are doing a process of reading the documents before they

:45:33. > :45:35.publish. Edward Snowden worked very closely with these types of

:45:36. > :45:42.documents and had clearly been through them quite carefully, so I

:45:43. > :45:46.think that any of these sort of attacks to say he did not understand

:45:47. > :45:50.the document or he was unaware, they are trying to feed into a spin by

:45:51. > :45:55.the US government... But you did not know what was in those documents?

:45:56. > :45:59.Was there a moment when you said to yourself, could there be information

:46:00. > :46:04.that risks people's lives, that risks the security of people here in

:46:05. > :46:08.Britain? From the previous work I had done over several years with

:46:09. > :46:13.WikiLeaks we very much understood that true factual information about

:46:14. > :46:18.what the Government is doing in illegal processes does not ever harm

:46:19. > :46:22.any member of the public and is actually only helpful for members of

:46:23. > :46:26.the public and starts to bring governments to account. So that was

:46:27. > :46:30.from seeing the quality of the material that had started to come

:46:31. > :46:32.out, the type of information and type of illegal behaviour that he

:46:33. > :46:42.was revealing, Let's talk about Julian Assange. You

:46:43. > :46:45.obviously works closely with him at Wikileaks. He is now at the

:46:46. > :46:50.Ecuadorian Embassy here in London, and has been for four years. What is

:46:51. > :46:53.the state of his health, and also his mental health, having been there

:46:54. > :46:57.for so long? It has been great for me to see him after so many years.

:46:58. > :47:01.Obviously we were staying in contact over the period I was living in

:47:02. > :47:05.Berlin quite close, because working together on a daily basis. I think

:47:06. > :47:09.it is the work that keeps him going. He believes in it very strongly. We

:47:10. > :47:17.are seeing great effects from the work that we are doing, and that

:47:18. > :47:20.really does keep him strong. But of course, staying in that sort of

:47:21. > :47:23.environment, I mean, he is in one room in a very small Embassy in

:47:24. > :47:25.central London. He hasn't had some for four years. Also something I

:47:26. > :47:30.noticed when I was in the airport for just 40 days, which may seem a

:47:31. > :47:34.long period of time, but compared to four years is minuscule. Once I

:47:35. > :47:38.stepped outside I realised that my eyes hurt quite a lot for several

:47:39. > :47:41.days. I realised it was because I hadn't seen anything other than the

:47:42. > :47:45.wall quite close to me for that period of time. My eyes had adjusted

:47:46. > :47:50.to not actually using those muscles. They hadn't had any practice for

:47:51. > :47:57.seeing any further. Just 40 days hurt my eyes. The harm after four

:47:58. > :48:00.years to his physical person of being in this state that actually,

:48:01. > :48:04.prisoners, we give them better... He is not a prisoner. At any moment he

:48:05. > :48:07.can walk out of those doors and be extradited to Sweden to face those

:48:08. > :48:12.charges of sexual abuse and rape. Why doesn't he do that? He has

:48:13. > :48:17.actually been... His treatment has actually been officially declared by

:48:18. > :48:20.the UN as detention, as arbitrary detention, no less. That is

:48:21. > :48:25.something the British Government does not recognise that UN ruling.

:48:26. > :48:28.The British Government are not complying with the UN ruling, that

:48:29. > :48:32.is correct. But that doesn't mean that the United Nations are wrong.

:48:33. > :48:35.The way that the concept of detention in this way works in law

:48:36. > :48:41.is that if somebody would have to give up human rights to leave the

:48:42. > :48:46.place in which they are in, then that does count as in force

:48:47. > :48:51.detention. But why doesn't he go? Many people watching this will say,

:48:52. > :48:55.if he is as innocent as he says he is, why not go and face the legal

:48:56. > :49:00.process if you can get on with his life? It would be great if you were

:49:01. > :49:04.able to clear his name and finally get the side of the story. He has

:49:05. > :49:08.been asked to be questioned by the Swedes for many years. He has not

:49:09. > :49:11.gone to Sweden due to lack of assurances that he would not be

:49:12. > :49:15.extradited to the United States. It is important to remember that there

:49:16. > :49:19.is a large secret grand jury going on in the US, although it is secret,

:49:20. > :49:25.many documents are coming out continuously, many this year, and

:49:26. > :49:28.the trial of Chelsea Manning was a large, large mechanism in which

:49:29. > :49:33.these documents came out that show and prove threats against him. There

:49:34. > :49:37.are politicians asking for him to be legally droned. His asylum is

:49:38. > :49:40.actually against the threats from the United States. He has asked for

:49:41. > :49:45.assurances he would not be extradited on. Those as you're into

:49:46. > :49:49.is not being given. Until that point where he can feel safe -- those

:49:50. > :49:53.disturbances. That he is not at risk of being sent to the United States,

:49:54. > :49:58.where he would almost certainly get tortured, then he must keep his

:49:59. > :50:02.asylum. And anybody trying to put pressure to take away his right to

:50:03. > :50:05.asylum is colluding in this arbitrary detention. I'm sure

:50:06. > :50:08.President Obama would say that he would not be tortured if he worked

:50:09. > :50:14.extradited to the US but would face of that trial. When you left Russia

:50:15. > :50:18.with Edward Snowden, he went had lived in Berlin for fear of

:50:19. > :50:23.returning to the UK. Clearly you are here now. What changed? Well, in

:50:24. > :50:25.great news earlier this year, David Miranda, who had been doing

:50:26. > :50:29.journalistic work to deal with the Snowdon documents which he was

:50:30. > :50:33.transiting on behalf of the Guardian through the UK with a number of

:50:34. > :50:37.Snowdon documents, was stopped under the terrorism act. There is an

:50:38. > :50:41.interesting part of the terrorism act in the United Kingdom, which is

:50:42. > :50:46.called Cheddar or seven. That is that at Borders, ports of entry --

:50:47. > :50:50.schedule seven. Airports for example, people can be stopped under

:50:51. > :50:54.this schedule seven, and that that you have things that we would all

:50:55. > :50:56.considered normal rights. There is no right to silence when you are

:50:57. > :51:01.stopped under schedule seven, you are forced to answer every question.

:51:02. > :51:06.When David Moran was stopped he was forced to give up passwords etc all

:51:07. > :51:11.to do with his journalistic work -- David Randall. And my lawyers'

:51:12. > :51:14.assessment at the time was that there was a very high risk, because

:51:15. > :51:19.of my work with Edward Snowden and Wikileaks, that this law would be

:51:20. > :51:22.used with me, I would be asked questions that I would definitely

:51:23. > :51:27.not want once. The problem then is that you can be charged as a

:51:28. > :51:30.terrorist, which has obviously large implications after that. But that

:51:31. > :51:36.didn't happen? Well, David Randall took the case, saying journalists

:51:37. > :51:42.should not be treated as terrorists in this country, this violated other

:51:43. > :51:45.rights -- David Randall. This piloted press freedoms. Although

:51:46. > :51:49.this initially lost up High Court of Appeal, which you won earlier this

:51:50. > :51:53.year -- that violated press freedoms. Journalists ring fenced

:51:54. > :51:58.against this being used against them. I am a member of the National

:51:59. > :52:03.Union of Journalists, therefore the risk was deemed lower, and I was

:52:04. > :52:09.able to come in the summer. For you, your life has changed so much over

:52:10. > :52:14.the last few years. Do you ever look back and think, I wish I'd changed

:52:15. > :52:18.my decisions at any time? What is your life like now? Have you got the

:52:19. > :52:22.same friends? Are you still in contact with people? I'm in contact

:52:23. > :52:26.with many of my friends, they have had to learn how to encrypt their

:52:27. > :52:29.communications. Things have got busier as I've learned more. After

:52:30. > :52:33.helping Edward Snowden we realised there were very few people actually

:52:34. > :52:37.able to help in the sort of scenario. We therefore set up a

:52:38. > :52:41.whole other organisation to protect whistle-blowers, Courage, which I am

:52:42. > :52:45.director of as well. The work has just got more. The cases I am

:52:46. > :52:51.involved and have got more. We now have seven beneficiaries of this.

:52:52. > :52:54.One, Larry Love, was on the show earlier, he has an extradition case

:52:55. > :52:58.going on at the moment. Things have gotten busier and in some ways

:52:59. > :53:02.riskier, but also more interesting, and I just see things to fight for

:53:03. > :53:06.the daily basis. It keeps me going when I get up in the morning. You

:53:07. > :53:10.have only just recently got a mobile phone? Yes, there were many years

:53:11. > :53:14.without it. Many people cannot understand that, and I still don't

:53:15. > :53:19.have Facebook or Twitter, which is shock, horror to many. Some people

:53:20. > :53:22.may find that liberating. Thank you, Sarah Harrison.

:53:23. > :53:24.The biggest-ever study into statins, the medicines that are meant

:53:25. > :53:26.to prevent heart attacks and strokes, says the benefits

:53:27. > :53:30.Over the years the message has been mixed, and led people

:53:31. > :53:32.to feel confused as to whether to take them or not.

:53:33. > :53:34.About six million people are currently taking

:53:35. > :53:38.Of those, two million are on them because they have

:53:39. > :53:39.already had a heart attack, stroke or other

:53:40. > :53:43.The remaining four million take statins because of risk

:53:44. > :53:45.factors such as age, blood pressure or diabetes.

:53:46. > :53:48.And according to the authors of today's report, up to two million

:53:49. > :53:59.We can speak to the author of the report - Rory Collins.

:54:00. > :54:01.And Dr Malcolm Kendrick, who is a GP and author

:54:02. > :54:03.of The Great Cholesterol Con, and Martin Gillingham,

:54:04. > :54:06.a former athlete and now sports broadcaster, who feels that

:54:07. > :54:08.if he had been on statins he would not have

:54:09. > :54:21.Thank you for coming in to speak to us. Rory, first of all. Just explain

:54:22. > :54:25.exactly what has been discovered in this report? What we have done is

:54:26. > :54:29.bring together all of the reliable evidence about the effects of

:54:30. > :54:34.satins. And we tried to explain the doctors and patients were interested

:54:35. > :54:38.in what evidence you can rely on, and what evidence you can't rely on.

:54:39. > :54:42.And to give them an idea of how big the benefits are of using an

:54:43. > :54:47.effective statin regime, it can reduce your cholesterol by about

:54:48. > :54:52.half. And that will reduce your risk of having a heart attack or stroke

:54:53. > :54:55.by about half. Every year you continue to take it. In terms of the

:54:56. > :54:58.absolute benefits, if you take somebody who you mentioned who has

:54:59. > :55:05.already had a heart attack or stroke, 10,000 of them would take

:55:06. > :55:10.statin for five years, about 1000 of them would avoid having another

:55:11. > :55:14.heart attack or stroke or needing a procedure the arteries of their

:55:15. > :55:18.heart. If they take them longer than that. They will take further

:55:19. > :55:21.benefit, and more people will benefit. It is a small benefit for

:55:22. > :55:26.the people who haven't already have a heart attack, but those benefits

:55:27. > :55:31.are much bigger than the side-effects caused by the drug.

:55:32. > :55:35.Let's bring Martin in at this point. Give us your experiences, if you

:55:36. > :55:39.would, if being an satins first of all, and the difference when you

:55:40. > :55:44.came off them? I first went on statins when I was living in South

:55:45. > :55:48.Africa in the 90s. And I had relatively high cholesterol, not

:55:49. > :55:52.stupid high, but high. I was on them for six or seven years. I then came

:55:53. > :55:56.back to the United Kingdom. Over a period of two or three years I was

:55:57. > :56:01.consulting my GP, by GP took me off them. And I think for good reason,

:56:02. > :56:05.or at least good reason at the time. I think at that time I had no other

:56:06. > :56:12.risk factors, no family history, decent lifestyle, I was a formerly

:56:13. > :56:17.begat wit and didn't take drugs and I didn't smoke. -- Olympic athlete.

:56:18. > :56:21.There was no risk factors other than raised cholesterol. So he took me

:56:22. > :56:26.off them. Two years ago, the lights went out in my world, and I had what

:56:27. > :56:32.they call in the trade the widow make a heart attack, one major

:56:33. > :56:35.blockage caused by the build-up of cholesterol high up in the

:56:36. > :56:38.descending artery, and it nearly killed me. A slight

:56:39. > :56:46.misrepresentation to say that I believe I wouldn't have had a heart

:56:47. > :56:49.attack had I been on statins. But certainly now, what we know this

:56:50. > :56:53.morning, it can only reduce the risk. It was the only risk factor I

:56:54. > :56:58.had, and I know from past experience, and now of course

:56:59. > :57:04.because I am on a cocktail of drugs including 80 mg per day of statin,

:57:05. > :57:08.the moment I am on statins, my cholesterol drops dramatically. So

:57:09. > :57:15.you have seen those benefits. We can speak to Maria Whitfield. Maria, you

:57:16. > :57:19.have been an satins. It explained your experiences. We have heard

:57:20. > :57:28.Martin's experiences there. INAUDIABLE

:57:29. > :57:37.For me, I had a lot of side-effects. I experienced headaches, nausea, it

:57:38. > :57:48.was just a horrible experience. And I started taking them when I was 19.

:57:49. > :57:51.And then I approached my GP and by neurosurgeon -- my neurosurgeons and

:57:52. > :57:56.told them that I wanted to come off them because I felt the side-effects

:57:57. > :58:00.were just making my life a misery, really. Did they stop as soon as you

:58:01. > :58:07.stop taking the statins? Yes, it did. I suffered from blackouts and

:58:08. > :58:17.within a month to six weeks after taking them, the blackout is just

:58:18. > :58:20.completely went. Let's bring in Doctor Kendrick. Are these the sort

:58:21. > :58:30.of stories that you hear from Maria yourself? Absolutely. I think they

:58:31. > :58:35.vary. For example, I've had one patient who, just before Christmas

:58:36. > :58:39.last year, had severe abdominal pains and she was admitted to

:58:40. > :58:42.hospital and they were going to do and exploratory surgery, cutting

:58:43. > :58:45.open your stomach and having a look inside to see what causes it. This

:58:46. > :58:49.was just before Christmas. She didn't want to have the operation.

:58:50. > :58:54.They gave her stronger painkillers and said to her, let's try stopping

:58:55. > :58:59.the statins because I have seen some people have significant abdominal

:59:00. > :59:03.pains on statins. Within a few weeks, the pains had disappeared.

:59:04. > :59:07.That is just one example. I have seen many patients who have had the

:59:08. > :59:12.same type of problems will stop in fact, my own father-in-law, he had a

:59:13. > :59:16.major heart attack in hospital an satins. He found himself unable to

:59:17. > :59:19.walk. He is a perfect patient, terrified of not taking his

:59:20. > :59:23.medication, he does exactly what his GP tells him, he never listens to

:59:24. > :59:28.me. And basically he eventually came off the statins and was able to walk

:59:29. > :59:33.fully without joint and muscle pains. So I mean, I've seen so many

:59:34. > :59:36.examples personally. And according to the data, from what Professor

:59:37. > :59:43.Collins has come up with, which suggests that if I had a practice, I

:59:44. > :59:47.don't work in general practice, I'm not a partner but I don't work in

:59:48. > :59:54.general practice. I should see a one-on-one patient with a

:59:55. > :00:00.significant statin adverse effects. I have seen tens, 20s, I don't keep

:00:01. > :00:04.a record of it but I have seen many, many patients, some of whom have had

:00:05. > :00:09.severe, debilitating adverse effects from taking statins. Thank you very

:00:10. > :00:12.much for speaking to us. Thank you to all of you. Sorry we don't have

:00:13. > :00:15.any more time on that. I know lots of you have been getting in touch

:00:16. > :00:17.with your experiences of statins, which we will tell you about later

:00:18. > :00:19.on. Team GB's gold rush in Rio

:00:20. > :00:22.is expected to continue tonight, as Jonnie Peacock bids for another

:00:23. > :00:25.Paralympic Gold in the T44 category for single-leg

:00:26. > :00:27.below the knee amputees. A lot of focus has been

:00:28. > :00:29.placed on running blades, and we'll be looking at how

:00:30. > :00:31.important technology really Let's get the latest weather

:00:32. > :00:50.update with Nick Miller. Low pressure is coming our way which

:00:51. > :00:53.will turn things more wet and windy over the coming days. Things will be

:00:54. > :00:58.wet and windy for Northern Ireland and parts of Scotland today, another

:00:59. > :01:02.coming in later in the week as well. Let's get the detail of the

:01:03. > :01:05.forecast, we will start by seeing how things develop over the next

:01:06. > :01:08.three hours for the rest of today. The first weather system bringing

:01:09. > :01:13.rain into Northern Ireland across western parts of Scotland, and that

:01:14. > :01:18.is bringing severe gales in places to the Western Isles, 60 mph,

:01:19. > :01:22.elsewhere in Northern Ireland, western Scotland, Cumbria, North

:01:23. > :01:48.Wales, 40 to 50 mph here, but a large part of England and Wales will

:01:49. > :01:51.avoid the rain until later, with warm, sunny spells, but it is breezy

:01:52. > :01:54.and blustery with some showers around. The rain sweeps Southeast

:01:55. > :01:57.overnight, behind the weather system the wind will ease a bit, it is

:01:58. > :01:59.clearer and cooler but the rain is still there in parts of England and

:02:00. > :02:02.Wales on Saturday. It will clear Wales but it is an issue for England

:02:03. > :02:04.even into the afternoon for South East England and East Anglia after a

:02:05. > :02:07.dry start. Scotland and Northern Ireland have a dry start. Mainly a

:02:08. > :02:09.fine day to come for you. Temperatures will be down a few

:02:10. > :02:11.degrees. On Sunday, the next weather system coming in, we will keep you

:02:12. > :02:15.updated on that. I'm Chloe Tilley, in for

:02:16. > :02:17.Victoria Derbyshire - welcome to the programme if you've

:02:18. > :02:19.just joined us. Prime Minister Theresa May will make

:02:20. > :02:22.a major speech shortly in which she is expected to say that

:02:23. > :02:29.ruling out grammar schools She insists there will be no return

:02:30. > :02:32.to the past 11 plus a of winners and losers.

:02:33. > :02:35.Day one of the Paralympics yesterday saw the gold rush

:02:36. > :02:37.in Rio kick off again, with Dame Sarah Storey becoming

:02:38. > :02:39.Britain's greatest female Paralympian of all time,

:02:40. > :02:45.Tonight, Para GB poster-boy Jonnie Peacock aims for Gold

:02:46. > :02:49.when he runs in his 100 metres final.

:02:50. > :02:52.A photo used by police in Northern Ireland to front

:02:53. > :02:54.a a campaign about safety at a festival has gone viral, much

:02:55. > :02:58.Photos of Detective Superintendant Bobby Singleton attracted

:02:59. > :03:01.thousands of comments, likes and shares on social media

:03:02. > :03:12.but a men's group has complained that it's sexist.

:03:13. > :03:14.Here's Annita McVeigh in the BBC Newsroom

:03:15. > :03:21.Theresa May is set to announce details of what's being called

:03:22. > :03:24.the biggest change to England's education system in a decade.

:03:25. > :03:31.Every secondary school could be given the opportunity

:03:32. > :03:34.to become a grammar school, but schools may have to meet

:03:35. > :03:36.targets on how many pupils they take from poorer families.

:03:37. > :03:38.Labour says the Government is failing to tackle

:03:39. > :03:42.And we'll bring you that announcement from Theresa May live

:03:43. > :03:43.later in the programme - we're expecting that

:03:44. > :03:50.North Korea has carried out what's thought to be its most powerful test

:03:51. > :03:53.yet of a nuclear warhead, in defiance of

:03:54. > :03:56.Huge earth tremors were detected overnight

:03:57. > :04:05.The test has received international condemnation.

:04:06. > :04:12.It is fair to say China, Russia, the United States, everybody shares

:04:13. > :04:20.concerns, we are trying still to monitor and find out precisely what

:04:21. > :04:24.took place and at the appropriate moment today I'm confident President

:04:25. > :04:27.Obama will address this and we will certainly be discussing this in the

:04:28. > :04:37.context of the United Nations, I'm sure. I'm also going to speak to the

:04:38. > :04:42.ministers this morning dummy-half break in negotiations. I'm very much

:04:43. > :04:43.concerned and the resolutions of the security Council must be implemented

:04:44. > :04:47.to send the message very strongly. It's been a highly successful

:04:48. > :04:50.opening day for the Para GB team The British team won 11

:04:51. > :04:53.medals in total, putting them in second place

:04:54. > :04:55.in the table, behind China. There were five gold medals

:04:56. > :04:58.for Britain, including one for cyclist Dame Sarah Storey -

:04:59. > :05:00.who becomes Britain's most successful female

:05:01. > :05:01.Paralympian of all time, after winning the 12th

:05:02. > :05:03.gold of her career. Megan Giglia also scooped cycling

:05:04. > :05:06.gold, and there was gold in the pool for swimmers

:05:07. > :05:10.Ollie Hyne and Bethany Firth. An operation to rescue

:05:11. > :05:13.dozens of tourists trapped overnight in cable cars

:05:14. > :05:19.in the French Alps has resumed. 45 people were left stranded

:05:20. > :05:26.above the glaciers of Mont Blanc at an altitude of more than 12,000

:05:27. > :05:29.feet after the wires of their cable cars got

:05:30. > :05:31.tangled in strong winds. Last night some people

:05:32. > :05:33.were rescued by helicopter, but the operation had to be

:05:34. > :05:36.suspended when night fell and clouds A major review of statins says

:05:37. > :05:40.the anti-cholesterol drug is safe and effective,

:05:41. > :05:42.and that any harmful side effects The study, published in The Lancet,

:05:43. > :05:47.says that reports of statins causing muscle pain were based

:05:48. > :05:51.on unreliable evidence. The review has been backed

:05:52. > :05:53.by several major organisations but some critics, including

:05:54. > :05:55.the British Medical Journal, claim it is not independent and has

:05:56. > :06:14.overlooked crucial data. Labour leader Jeremy Corbyn

:06:15. > :06:16.and his challenger Owen Smith have Both men faced heckles

:06:17. > :06:20.from a BBC One Question Time There were testy exchanges

:06:21. > :06:23.on subjects including Brexit, Labour's electoral hopes

:06:24. > :06:25.and Mr Corbyn's attempt to deal with Nasa has launched its first space

:06:26. > :06:28.probe aimed at gathering The spacecraft Osiris-Rex has

:06:29. > :06:31.started a seven-year round trip to get rubble

:06:32. > :06:34.from an ancient space rock. It's hoped the particles could hold

:06:35. > :06:37.clues to the origin of life not just on Earth but elsewhere in the solar

:06:38. > :06:39.system. That's a summary of the latest BBC

:06:40. > :06:49.News - more at 10.30am. In the next few minutes we will look

:06:50. > :06:53.at some of the blades that Para GB are using, they are quite

:06:54. > :07:00.incredible. We will have a look at those. The cameramen did not expect

:07:01. > :07:03.me to say that said they are running around, I apologise to everyone on

:07:04. > :07:10.the floor! If you want to get in touch with us

:07:11. > :07:14.today, you can use our hashtag. Lots of people have been talking about

:07:15. > :07:18.staters, Roger says, I know they cause severe muscle pain. Dale said,

:07:19. > :07:21.my partner has been on these years and has developed many of the

:07:22. > :07:27.side-effects, his memory is poor and he struggles to find the right words

:07:28. > :07:32.and names and has joint pain. An anonymous text says, I am 55, I have

:07:33. > :07:36.been on Staton 's for over 20 years. I don't get muscle pain but I have

:07:37. > :07:47.muscle weakness and it affects my life, but is it better a heart

:07:48. > :07:50.attack? Absolutely. My main concern is the

:07:51. > :07:53.effect on the liver when I am on them for a long time. If you are on

:07:54. > :07:55.perspectives, tell us your experience.

:07:56. > :08:02.Here's the sport now with Olly Foster.

:08:03. > :08:07.Great Britian are second in the medal table behind China

:08:08. > :08:10.after the first day of competition at the Paralympics

:08:11. > :08:17.Seven medals came in the pool, four in the velodrome including three

:08:18. > :08:20.golds one for Dame Sarah Storey in her seventh Paralympic Games.

:08:21. > :08:22.With 12 golds in all she has overtaken Baroness Tanni-Grey

:08:23. > :08:24.Thomspon as GB's most successfull female para-athlete.

:08:25. > :08:33.Megan Giglia also won gold in the 3000 metre pursuit.

:08:34. > :08:35.She competes in a different category to Storey, for para-athletes

:08:36. > :08:43.She suffered a stroke three years ago.

:08:44. > :08:45.And there was also a gold for visually imapired cyclist

:08:46. > :08:47.Steve Bate with his tandem pilot Adam Duggleby.

:08:48. > :08:50.In the last half an hour double Olympic champion Joanna

:08:51. > :08:54.She knows Dame Sarah very well and I asked he about her

:08:55. > :09:00.When you go to a games and everybody says, you will win, no doubt about

:09:01. > :09:04.it, it is difficult because you still have to execute the

:09:05. > :09:07.performance to win the race and everyone has almost put the medal

:09:08. > :09:11.around her neck beforehand, saying she will break a record beforehand,

:09:12. > :09:15.but she has to keep focused on delivering the best performance she

:09:16. > :09:19.can do, which she did, she broke her world record in qualifying, which

:09:20. > :09:25.was set at altitude two years ago. I said to her, I cannot believe you

:09:26. > :09:28.were quicker, because times at altitude are normally quicker than

:09:29. > :09:32.the level times, so at 38 to go quicker than at altitude time was

:09:33. > :09:36.very impressive, I'm proud of her. Somebody you have known for a long

:09:37. > :09:40.time, trained alongside her at the Manchester Velodrome, the home of

:09:41. > :09:46.British Cycling, tell us about her as an athlete? We both started

:09:47. > :09:50.cycling in 2005, so though she was a swimmer for many years before that,

:09:51. > :09:53.we said we are the same age in cycling years because we came into

:09:54. > :10:08.the sport at the same time and have progressed at the

:10:09. > :10:12.same rate, but she is so hard-working and determined, she has

:10:13. > :10:15.a lot of knowledge, she knows what she wants and how to get it, but she

:10:16. > :10:17.juggles having a family, running a cycling team, and doing her media

:10:18. > :10:20.and sponsorship commitments. I don't know how she does it. People talk to

:10:21. > :10:23.me about the sacrifices you have to make as an athlete, but she does not

:10:24. > :10:26.seem to sacrifice much, she seems to be able to fit everything into her

:10:27. > :10:28.day, she goes on bike rides with her daughter, the normal family stuff,

:10:29. > :10:31.and Louisa and Barney travel around with her two races, so she seems to

:10:32. > :10:36.enjoy family life as well as a lot of hard training on the bike. It was

:10:37. > :10:39.also a great night for Para GB in the aquatic centre.

:10:40. > :10:42.There were two more golds in the pool, both secured

:10:43. > :10:54.First Ollie Hynd stormed to victory in the 400m freestyle.

:10:55. > :10:57.And then the Northern Irish swimmer Bethany Firth broke the world mark

:10:58. > :11:00.in the S14 100 metre backstroke - a record she'd set herself,

:11:01. > :11:07.Serena Williams is out of the US open, she was hoping to break the

:11:08. > :11:12.record she shares with Steffi Graf but that will not happen. She has

:11:13. > :11:17.also been knocked of the world number one perch. She lost to the

:11:18. > :11:20.tenth seed Karolina Pliskova who full face Angelique Kerber in the

:11:21. > :11:25.final tomorrow. Curb will move to number one in the world, no matter

:11:26. > :11:30.how she does in the final. Williams complained of a bad knee after the

:11:31. > :11:33.match but tried not to make too many excuses.

:11:34. > :11:37.OK, I'm not going to repeat myself, I was not tired from yesterday's

:11:38. > :11:39.match, I'm a professional player, playing for over 20 years. If I

:11:40. > :12:01.cannot play again after 24 hours I should not be on

:12:02. > :12:03.tour, so I definitely was not tired from yesterday's much at all, it was

:12:04. > :12:06.not a five-hour match, I have practised three hours so it was not

:12:07. > :12:08.that huge of a deal. Andy Murray went out in the

:12:09. > :12:10.quarterfinals but his brother Jamie is into the final with his partner

:12:11. > :12:12.Bruno Suarez. They beat the world number one pair of Pierre-Hugues

:12:13. > :12:15.Herbert and Nicolas Mahut from France. Murray and Suarez are

:12:16. > :12:20.looking for their second grand slam title of the year, and they play an

:12:21. > :12:21.unseeded pair so every chance of another grand slam title for the

:12:22. > :12:23.Marie household. Para GB poster-boy Jonnie Peacock

:12:24. > :12:26.bids for another Paralympic gold tonight when he runs in his 100m

:12:27. > :12:29.final in Rio de Janeiro. His T44 category is for single leg

:12:30. > :12:34.below-the-knee amputees. And with Jonnie, like many

:12:35. > :12:36.athletes before him, a lot of focus has been placed

:12:37. > :12:40.on his running blade. From wheelchair design to bike

:12:41. > :12:42.fixings, technology is often seen as one way for Paralympians to make

:12:43. > :12:46.those marginal gains which can be the difference

:12:47. > :12:49.between gold and not So does the technology really make

:12:50. > :12:52.a difference and, if so, does that mean there isn't a level

:12:53. > :12:55.playing field between Para GB and athletes from poorer countries

:12:56. > :12:58.who struggle to get simple Let's talk now to Richard Hirons -

:12:59. > :13:05.he's a clinical specialist that's worked with Jonnie Peacock and other

:13:06. > :13:07.Paralympians, and he's brought some running blades

:13:08. > :13:15.in for us to have a look at. Malcolm Wallace runs a charity

:13:16. > :13:20.called Inova Disability Sport which gives equipment

:13:21. > :13:22.to Paralympians in poorer countries, but also coached

:13:23. > :13:23.Haitiian Paralympic team. He argues that technology is vital

:13:24. > :13:29.to Paralympic success. And Scott Moorhouse is an amputee

:13:30. > :13:42.Paralympian javelin thrower Richard, I need to start by speaking

:13:43. > :13:47.about this wonderful array of blades we have got in front of us. There is

:13:48. > :13:51.a range of blades here, they are essentially bent pieces of carbon

:13:52. > :13:55.fibre, they are springs but there are subtle differences between a few

:13:56. > :14:00.of them. That is because when people run there are different hobbies they

:14:01. > :14:05.have, Trail running, sprinting, elite sport like we are talking

:14:06. > :14:11.about today, and this specifically is an example of an old leg of

:14:12. > :14:18.Jonnie Peacock's. If it had the? Reasonably happy. Not too bad. It

:14:19. > :14:22.has spikes, I spiked myself! That is part of it! And this is a winning

:14:23. > :14:29.but from Richard Whitehead from London. Signed as well! He was doing

:14:30. > :14:33.the 200 metres? That one is for 100 metres? Or is it to do with the

:14:34. > :14:39.athlete? It is to do with the athlete, the reason Jonnie where is

:14:40. > :14:43.this, it is an off-the-shelf model so it is available for anybody but

:14:44. > :14:48.it is something he has chosen, it is a preference for him. With Richard,

:14:49. > :14:53.he has also quite a long distance between the end of his socket and

:14:54. > :14:57.the ground, and it would be too heavy with a blade like this, he

:14:58. > :15:06.found this herbicide that is more suitable for him. How much would be

:15:07. > :15:10.is cost? The blades are around ?1300, but it is small in the grand

:15:11. > :15:15.scheme of things. They are not necessarily in that I don't believe

:15:16. > :15:18.they aid performance, they enable people to run, and you look at the

:15:19. > :15:23.start line, you saw the qualifiers last night for the 100, and they all

:15:24. > :15:27.have them. The performance and marginal gains you talk about really

:15:28. > :15:31.come from the athlete. You said they all have them, I want to bring in

:15:32. > :15:36.Malcolm because not all athletes get blades, do they? Know, if you look

:15:37. > :15:41.in Europe, the Western world, yes, you see them all the time, but when

:15:42. > :15:49.you look at the third World, in Haiti we had a javelin thrower came

:15:50. > :15:53.over, his foot is his knee, and he was having to have a leg made for

:15:54. > :16:03.him out in London to enable him to do the run up. He could not have a

:16:04. > :16:08.blade because out in Haiti, we had been there about a week, they had

:16:09. > :16:12.not got the flat ground, they do not have any tracks out at the moment,

:16:13. > :16:22.and that is where the disabled who are living, they are living out on

:16:23. > :16:27.the tracks, so he runs on a car park full of rocks, etc. In Africa, where

:16:28. > :16:32.I do work, we have the same situation. So certain areas can use

:16:33. > :16:36.them and certain areas can't, and again it is

:16:37. > :16:43.I think equipment is one component of many facets that make people who

:16:44. > :16:46.are the Paralympians that we are talking about, without doubt, the

:16:47. > :16:49.people that we are seeing today, they are athletes. There is no

:16:50. > :16:54.question about that, that is what defines them. They are athletes who

:16:55. > :16:58.wear or need adaptive equipment, and equipment is certainly one part of

:16:59. > :17:02.that. And I think they need the equipment to be able to compete. But

:17:03. > :17:09.having the equipment does not compete -- guarantee they will

:17:10. > :17:13.compete. As a competitor using a blade, when you first dotted using

:17:14. > :17:19.it, I heard it is difficult to stop running when you first start is that

:17:20. > :17:22.true? If you are yes. You know, I think that the kind of danger is

:17:23. > :17:28.that you also injure yourself when you try and stop too quickly. But

:17:29. > :17:35.coming from a kind of prosthetic point of view, you know, when I

:17:36. > :17:39.first got it, it was quite new experience, and quite hard to get

:17:40. > :17:43.used to. Not something that you put on and suddenly the instant results.

:17:44. > :17:47.It took a while, probably a good six to 12 months, to really to grips

:17:48. > :17:54.with, you know, the feel of the prosthetic. I had used an NHS lead

:17:55. > :17:59.previously. Actually we are quite fortunate in this country that we do

:18:00. > :18:03.have access to the NHS. -- and NHS leg. I got to a senior level with

:18:04. > :18:08.quite a basic kind of prosthetic. As Richard mentioned, there are many

:18:09. > :18:11.components to being an athlete. And the prosthetic is just one

:18:12. > :18:15.component, there are many others, there is the training, nutrition,

:18:16. > :18:21.and everything else that goes around that. But Scott, sorry to interrupt,

:18:22. > :18:25.could it be the difference between meddling and not meddling, having a

:18:26. > :18:29.blade, do you think? It is centimetres if it is the javelin, it

:18:30. > :18:35.is hundreds of second ever do is running the 100m sometimes? -- if it

:18:36. > :18:41.is running the 100m. I don't think it is the defining point. Take

:18:42. > :18:47.somebody like the athlete who cleared the 200m in London, went to

:18:48. > :18:53.Lyon in 2013, 100m, that the world record at 10.5 seven. He has just

:18:54. > :18:58.come out in rear racing against Jonnie and the other guys in the T44

:18:59. > :19:01.100m. OK, he had a couple of years off when he had a baby and a few

:19:02. > :19:05.things going on at home. But he didn't even qualify on his heat.

:19:06. > :19:09.And, you know, that just goes to show that from being such an amazing

:19:10. > :19:14.athlete that he was before and the kind of times he was able to run, he

:19:15. > :19:17.was the best out of the training, he obviously hasn't put the work in. I

:19:18. > :19:21.think that is the real defining point. It is how you manage yourself

:19:22. > :19:26.as an athlete and how you go about preparing for the final events. It

:19:27. > :19:31.is just a tiny support part in that, the prosthetics. You raised the name

:19:32. > :19:35.of Alan Oliveira. There was a bit of a spat in London 2012 between him

:19:36. > :19:38.and Oscar Pistorius. This story is was not allowed to change the length

:19:39. > :19:44.of his blades, but Olivero was coming he felt it was an advantage.

:19:45. > :19:47.It is almost a situation, Oscar Pistorius was allowed by the IAAF to

:19:48. > :19:52.compete in able bodied games. Because of that ruling, the

:19:53. > :19:57.specification of his prosthetics, including the height, was locked

:19:58. > :20:00.down. Now, for double, bilateral amputee is, when they go to the

:20:01. > :20:05.court room, there is a line below which they must fall which defines

:20:06. > :20:10.the maximum height that they can be. That is a Paralympic sport. Because

:20:11. > :20:14.Oscar had chosen not to change his legs, because he was competing in

:20:15. > :20:17.able-bodied sport, what he was saying was that when he turned up

:20:18. > :20:22.the race, he didn't know whether he was racing Paul Allen or short

:20:23. > :20:28.Allen, because for 100m you could have the legs short or accelerate

:20:29. > :20:33.quicker, but for 400 metres maybe he could get away with slightly longer

:20:34. > :20:38.prosthetics -- all Alan Orr shot Alan. What Oscar was saying was,

:20:39. > :20:41.that wasn't fair. It is an anomaly in the rulings that we have now. I

:20:42. > :20:47.think it is something continually being looked at. We have got one of

:20:48. > :20:50.Jonnie Peacock's old blades. You mentioned Richard Whitehead. Ireland

:20:51. > :20:54.are being fascinated watching Richard Whitehead at London 2012. --

:20:55. > :20:57.I remember being fascinated. The commentator said that the beginning,

:20:58. > :21:01.if you think he is going to lose this, don't worry, you won't.

:21:02. > :21:07.Explain how his race works? It is three different, the way he loses

:21:08. > :21:12.his -- he uses his blade. He competes in mixed classification.

:21:13. > :21:15.First of all, his start is very crucial for Richard. Sometimes he

:21:16. > :21:19.has experimented using the blocks, sometimes he has to have a 3-point

:21:20. > :21:22.start. Basically he is standing and blend is about bending over. The

:21:23. > :21:28.rise from that position takes time. We're talking milliseconds. He

:21:29. > :21:32.doesn't want to get a disqualification. It takes a long

:21:33. > :21:36.time frame to wind up. He doesn't use knees, he has huge long levers

:21:37. > :21:40.which take time to go. When he is on, that is what it comes to. He

:21:41. > :21:45.literally comes from right at the back of the field to storm through.

:21:46. > :21:48.If he wasn't using a blade, presumably that would, he would just

:21:49. > :21:55.have a more constant race? I'm trying to work it out. If he didn't

:21:56. > :21:58.use the blade he wouldn't be there. The blade is just part of the

:21:59. > :22:01.sporting moment. It is a fixed variable of many variables. The

:22:02. > :22:09.blades are just like running shoes. I count them as running shoes, they

:22:10. > :22:13.are just big shoes. If you actually look at who is sprinting, you very

:22:14. > :22:17.rarely see the Africans, because they haven't got access to blades.

:22:18. > :22:20.So that means, if you look at the long jump at the moment, the Germans

:22:21. > :22:28.during the long jump, he has actually got a blade. He is jumping

:22:29. > :22:32.further than Greg Rutherford. Whereas in Africa they can't do that

:22:33. > :22:37.because they haven't got the access to the equipment. What about longer

:22:38. > :22:42.distances? Or blades primarily for sprinting, or are they useful for

:22:43. > :22:46.marathon as well? Does Richard Whitehead use them? A blade is

:22:47. > :22:49.essentially a running shoe, and that is the best analogy you can make.

:22:50. > :22:53.You have different running shoes were different events. You watch

:22:54. > :22:56.people like Usain Bolt and Mo Farah, the first thing they do when they

:22:57. > :22:59.finish is to take their shoes off, because they are tight, stiff and

:23:00. > :23:06.uncomfortable. Because the sponsors like them to! It would be the same

:23:07. > :23:11.things, but without a blade, then it would be like, in a regular day

:23:12. > :23:15.walking foot, which this is, for example, it looks a little bit

:23:16. > :23:19.complex, but this would be like asking is able to run in walking

:23:20. > :23:23.boots. It is just not appropriate equipment -- asking Usain Bolt to

:23:24. > :23:27.run in walking boots. Here in the UK, would somebody have, the one you

:23:28. > :23:31.just picked up, would somebody have that for everyday life? Yes, feet

:23:32. > :23:36.like this one here, that has a foot cover on it, this one doesn't have a

:23:37. > :23:40.cosmetic foot cover. These are examples of regular walking feet.

:23:41. > :23:54.And the concept of the carbon fibre blade, the term would keep using,

:23:55. > :23:59.came back from a guy in the 1980s, he was given a wooden foot with a

:24:00. > :24:01.squishy question here with a bendy Robert Owen. He just thought, there

:24:02. > :24:04.has to be something better. He came up with the first flexible foot,

:24:05. > :24:06.pretty similar to that. All of these versions of that carbon fibre have

:24:07. > :24:08.trickled down to everyday. The majority of amputations now, they

:24:09. > :24:11.are people in their 70s and 80s, sick people anyway. They are the

:24:12. > :24:13.people who need real help with their mobility and to generate some

:24:14. > :24:16.independence, whether it is from their bed to the bathroom or

:24:17. > :24:20.bathroom to the kitchen. That is why their technology is really useful.

:24:21. > :24:24.Scott, what do you think would be the difference if everybody Malcolm

:24:25. > :24:27.has been talking about a lack of access to blades for people in

:24:28. > :24:30.certain parts of the world because it is simply not practical to train

:24:31. > :24:34.with them, do you think it would make a difference if everybody could

:24:35. > :24:37.have access to this kind of agreement? I think, you know, I

:24:38. > :24:42.think that it would be great perhaps of other parts the world would have

:24:43. > :24:46.more access. I suppose that will come through with time. But I think

:24:47. > :24:49.the point that we need to make here is that if we give somebody who has

:24:50. > :24:53.never used a blade before a blade, they are not going to suddenly see,

:24:54. > :24:57.you know, certainly a better athlete, they are not suddenly going

:24:58. > :25:01.to start running amazing times. You know, the real focus needs to be on

:25:02. > :25:05.the other areas as well, the training and the kind of effort that

:25:06. > :25:10.goes into getting onto the international stage. And, you know,

:25:11. > :25:14.like Richard was saying, it's not like Bishoo, it is just one element

:25:15. > :25:18.of it, it is the equipment -- it is like issue. The athletes have got to

:25:19. > :25:24.where they are because of the hours and sacrifices they put in. You

:25:25. > :25:29.know, over many years. You know, let's might not be under any

:25:30. > :25:36.illusion that it will also all issues in performance. -- it will

:25:37. > :25:40.solve issues. You are competing now. I have had conversations ahead of

:25:41. > :25:44.Rio saying so many people were engaged by London 2012, but the

:25:45. > :25:50.level of competitive has improved, and the training has been forced

:25:51. > :25:55.upon people to improve, because more people are coming into wall of the

:25:56. > :25:58.spores. Yes, I mean -- more people are coming into wall of the spoils.

:25:59. > :26:03.Paralympic sport has been around for quite a long time now. In recent

:26:04. > :26:07.years there has been a lot more close training proximity with

:26:08. > :26:11.Olympic athletes. And also, you know, the kind of setup that Babs

:26:12. > :26:14.Olympians have been experiencing for quite a while, in that high

:26:15. > :26:18.performance arena -- perhaps Olympians. Certainly in this

:26:19. > :26:25.country, they are having much better access to the kind of coaching,

:26:26. > :26:29.nutrition less, and all that sort of support network that goes on behind

:26:30. > :26:34.the scenes. -- nutritionists. The sport in the last decade or so has

:26:35. > :26:38.really notched up in terms of professionalism and in terms of the

:26:39. > :26:41.standards, and there are, you know, I think now you can have a career as

:26:42. > :26:47.a Paralympic athlete. Whereas perhaps a few years ago you

:26:48. > :26:51.couldn't. And you still had to work quite a time, and you still had to

:26:52. > :26:54.keep that they job. And now you can actually be a full-time athlete.

:26:55. > :27:01.That is why we are seeing standards increase. People are inspired to

:27:02. > :27:05.become athletes. You know, that won't be for everybody. Some people

:27:06. > :27:08.are inspired, and that's great, but they won't necessarily have the

:27:09. > :27:12.talent to get there. The great thing is that what London has done is it

:27:13. > :27:16.is a platform for making people realise that they can get involved

:27:17. > :27:21.in sport at whatever level that is, and actually there is opportunity

:27:22. > :27:26.for them. And I think that is really where the kind of legacy of London

:27:27. > :27:30.2012 is kind of coming from, and hopefully it will continue in the

:27:31. > :27:34.coming years. Scott talks about talent. Clearly, Malcolm, the people

:27:35. > :27:37.that you work with in some of these disadvantaged countries have the

:27:38. > :27:41.talent but they do not get the women. What are the sort of things

:27:42. > :27:44.that you are able to give them? Through another foundation, the

:27:45. > :27:50.strike foundation, we are sending out wheelchairs the people in the

:27:51. > :27:55.African countries. But also things like javelin, shot put, you know,

:27:56. > :28:03.the other day I had about ?1000 worth of javelins in my car. I had a

:28:04. > :28:07.double amputee, Dave, from Afghanistan, and they use Dublin is,

:28:08. > :28:14.about ?1000 worth. I have also gotten shot but discussed -- they

:28:15. > :28:19.use Dublin. They tend to get broken once, that is what happens. As Scott

:28:20. > :28:22.said, it is about the coaching. We learn how to coach disabled people

:28:23. > :28:28.when the new blades come out, the new equipment, the new rules. They

:28:29. > :28:31.don't have that opportunity there because they don't actually get

:28:32. > :28:38.access to it. That is one of the things that we are also doing,

:28:39. > :28:41.looking at how we can give our expertise out to Nigeria, and other

:28:42. > :28:47.countries that we work with. To actually work with them. We can do

:28:48. > :28:51.it online with Skype as well. Thank you ever so much for coming in.

:28:52. > :28:53.Bridget, thank you for bringing the blades. It is great to have a feel,

:28:54. > :29:01.even though I did spike myself. Theresa May will outline what's

:29:02. > :29:03.being called the biggest change to England's education system

:29:04. > :29:09.in a decade. We have been late all morning, now

:29:10. > :29:12.we are a minute early! Here's Annita McVeigh

:29:13. > :29:14.in the BBC Newsroom In the next few minutes,

:29:15. > :29:20.Theresa May is expected to announce details of what's being called

:29:21. > :29:22.the biggest change to England's Every secondary school could be

:29:23. > :29:25.given the opportunity to become a grammar school -

:29:26. > :29:28.but schools may have to meet targets on how many pupils they take

:29:29. > :29:31.from poorer families. Labour says the Government

:29:32. > :29:32.is failing to tackle And we'll bring you that

:29:33. > :29:36.announcement from Theresa May as soon as it happens -

:29:37. > :29:38.we're expecting her to begin some North Korea has carried out what's

:29:39. > :29:43.thought to be its most powerful test yet of a nuclear warhead,

:29:44. > :29:45.in defiance of Huge earth tremors

:29:46. > :29:48.were detected overnight The test has received

:29:49. > :30:01.international condemnation. I think it's fair to say that China,

:30:02. > :30:06.Russia, the United States, everybody shares concerns about what we are

:30:07. > :30:12.trying to still monitor, find out precisely what took place. And at

:30:13. > :30:16.the appropriate moment today I am confident President Obama will

:30:17. > :30:23.address this, and we will certainly be discussing this in the context of

:30:24. > :30:28.the United Nations, I'm sure. I am also going to talk to the Minister

:30:29. > :30:33.this morning. When we have some break in the negotiations. We are

:30:34. > :30:35.very much concerned, and the resolutions from the Security

:30:36. > :30:38.Council must be implemented, and we will send this message froze

:30:39. > :30:40.strongly. Sergey Lavrov and John Kerry.

:30:41. > :30:43.It's been a highly successful opening day for the Para GB team

:30:44. > :30:46.The British team won 11 medals in total, putting

:30:47. > :30:50.them in second place in the table, behind China.

:30:51. > :30:52.There were five gold medals for Britain, including one

:30:53. > :30:54.for cyclist Dame Sarah Storey - who becomes Britain's

:30:55. > :30:56.most successful female Paralympian of all time,

:30:57. > :30:58.after winning the 12th gold of her career.

:30:59. > :31:00.Megan Giglia also scooped cycling gold, and there was gold

:31:01. > :31:05.in the pool for swimmers Ollie Hyne and Bethany Firth.

:31:06. > :31:07.An operation to rescue dozens of tourists trapped

:31:08. > :31:11.overnight in cable cars in the French Alps has resumed.

:31:12. > :31:16.45 people were left stranded above the glaciers of Mont Blanc

:31:17. > :31:20.at an altitude of more than 12,000 feet after the wires of their cable

:31:21. > :31:26.Last night some people were rescued by helicopter, but the operation had

:31:27. > :31:33.to be suspended when night fell and clouds hampered visibility.

:31:34. > :31:36.The man recovered from the rubble of Didcot Power Station has been

:31:37. > :31:41.Thames Valley Police said the family of the 57-year-old

:31:42. > :31:44.from Rotherham had been informed and were being given support.

:31:45. > :31:47.Mr Cresswell is the third victim to be recovered since the boiler

:31:48. > :31:50.house partially collapsed in February.

:31:51. > :31:53.John Shaw, also from Rotherham, is the last workman

:31:54. > :31:58.The Princess Royal has been forced to cancel public engagements

:31:59. > :32:00.while she recovers from a bad chest infection, Buckingham

:32:01. > :32:04.Princess Anne, seen here at the Braemar Gathering

:32:05. > :32:07.in the Highlands earlier this month, has pulled out of all the events

:32:08. > :32:10.she had planned for next week, on the advice of her doctors.

:32:11. > :32:13.The palace says she is "resting privately at home".

:32:14. > :32:16.That's a summary of the latest news, join me for BBC

:32:17. > :32:29.After the first day of competition at the Paralympics in Rio de

:32:30. > :32:31.Janeiro, Great Britain are second in the medal table behind

:32:32. > :32:38.Dame Sarah Storey won a 12th gold at her seventh games to overtake

:32:39. > :32:41.Baroness Tanni Grey-Thompson as the most successful

:32:42. > :32:52.Serena William's 3.5-year reign as world number one is over.

:32:53. > :32:56.She lost in the US Open semi-finals to tenth seed Karolina Pliskova.

:32:57. > :32:58.The Czech will face Angelique Kerber in tomorrow's final.

:32:59. > :33:06.Kerber will take Williams' number one ranking.

:33:07. > :33:12.It will all be recalibrated on Monday morning.

:33:13. > :33:14.Jamie Murray is through to the doubles final.

:33:15. > :33:17.He and his partner Bruno Soares beat the world number one pair

:33:18. > :33:19.of Pierre-Hugues Herbert and Nicolas Mahut, and are on course

:33:20. > :33:22.for their second grand slam title this year.

:33:23. > :33:31.And it's make-or-break for Chris Froome in the Vuelta

:33:32. > :33:35.a Espana - the Tour de France winner needs to make up 3.5 minutes

:33:36. > :33:36.on the leader with only three stages left.

:33:37. > :33:38.Today's time-trial is his best chance of catching up.

:33:39. > :33:51.This week, thousands of British Muslims are in the holy

:33:52. > :33:53.city of Mecca for the annual Hajj pilgrimage.

:33:54. > :33:56.Hajj is one of the five pillars of Islam -

:33:57. > :33:58.the pillars are mandatory things all Muslims must do

:33:59. > :34:00.during their lifetime, as long as they are physically

:34:01. > :34:03.Despite safety fears because of the sheer

:34:04. > :34:05.number of people there, it's estimated two million Muslims

:34:06. > :34:10.Hajj is the annual Islamic pilgrimage to holy sites,

:34:11. > :34:12.associated with the life of the Prophet Muhammad

:34:13. > :34:19.It's one of the five mandatory duties which all Muslims

:34:20. > :34:29.are expected to perform, known as the five pillars of Islam.

:34:30. > :34:31.The five pillars are a belief in God and

:34:32. > :34:50.During Hajj, which lasts around four days, worshippers carry

:34:51. > :34:55.out rituals dating back thousands of years.

:34:56. > :34:57.These include circling the Kaaba, the holiest shrine

:34:58. > :35:11.As well as the symbolic stoning of the devil at Mina.

:35:12. > :35:14.An estimated 2 million Muslims perform Hajj every year.

:35:15. > :35:20.This includes around 25,000 British Muslims.

:35:21. > :35:24.The event has been beset by safety problems, leading to many deaths.

:35:25. > :35:32.109 people were killed when a crane collapsed.

:35:33. > :35:40.Hundreds of people died after a stampede.

:35:41. > :35:43.Despite the safety issues, pilgrims continue to make the spiritual

:35:44. > :35:46.Salim and Ali are both from North London.

:35:47. > :35:49.They're both performing Hajj for the first time this year,

:35:50. > :35:51.and took some time out this morning to speak to me

:35:52. > :36:02.I think, to start off with, it's very different from home.

:36:03. > :36:06.I mean, the weather is, it's summer here right now,

:36:07. > :36:10.so it's really, really hot and sort of sweaty.

:36:11. > :36:13.At the same time, you know, we're here for a purpose.

:36:14. > :36:16.And it's amazing to see so many people from all around the world.

:36:17. > :36:18.Literally people from all walks of life.

:36:19. > :36:21.I mean, when you sit and pray in the mosque, you ask

:36:22. > :36:24.people where they're from, and it's mad to just think that

:36:25. > :36:26.everybody has come together for this one purpose.

:36:27. > :36:30.Whenever I've spoken to people in the past who've done the Hajj,

:36:31. > :36:32.they've always talked about this huge amount of people,

:36:33. > :36:35.it's really difficult to kind of comprehend until you're there.

:36:36. > :36:37.Ali, can you put into words a sense of how many

:36:38. > :36:45.You hear numbers in the media, 2 million, 3 million,

:36:46. > :36:48.and actually it's when you're walking down the street

:36:49. > :36:52.close to prayer time, when the call for prayer has been

:36:53. > :36:57.issued, you just see this outpouring of people wearing religious garb,

:36:58. > :37:12.And, you know, you never see as many people in any other experience.

:37:13. > :37:14.It's beautiful, like iron filings being drawn to a magnet.

:37:15. > :37:18.It's just something you don't see every day at all.

:37:19. > :37:20.It is the first Hajj for both of you.

:37:21. > :37:22.Why did you choose this year in particular?

:37:23. > :37:34.Essentially I guess my prayers were answered, and here I am.

:37:35. > :37:38.For me, both me and my mum had been wanting to go.

:37:39. > :37:41.And we said to each other, this was the year to do it.

:37:42. > :37:43.And with good friends like Salim coming along,

:37:44. > :37:45.we thought, you know, why not, why not make it

:37:46. > :37:49.But you will be only too familiar with the tragedy that

:37:50. > :37:54.It's not unusual for there to be crushes and stampedes at the Hajj,

:37:55. > :37:58.And it's still not clear how many people died.

:37:59. > :38:00.Some people put the number at around 900.

:38:01. > :38:02.Other estimates say around 2000 people died.

:38:03. > :38:04.Was that on your mind when you considered

:38:05. > :38:13.Truthfully, it may sound a bit strange, but no, not really at all.

:38:14. > :38:18.Of course it's something we've read about and we've seen it on the news.

:38:19. > :38:25.But actually there is a sense that, first of all, we're in a large group

:38:26. > :38:33.who are very, very experienced in undertaking the Hajj.

:38:34. > :38:35.They do it every year and have done for many years.

:38:36. > :38:41.First of all, we are with a very good group.

:38:42. > :38:48.And when you are doing something as important as the Hajj...

:38:49. > :38:51.French technicians have restarted cable cars in the French Alps,

:38:52. > :38:53.after tangled wires left dozens of people stranded overnight.

:38:54. > :38:55.More than 30 tourists, including a 10-year-old child,

:38:56. > :38:58.were trapped in cable cars thousands of metres up in the French Alps.

:38:59. > :39:00.For the very latest, we can speak to Katy Dartford

:39:01. > :39:02.from World Radio Switzerland, who lives in Chamonix,

:39:03. > :39:04.near to the bottom of the cable car system.

:39:05. > :39:13.Bring us the very latest, are these people still inside the cable car?

:39:14. > :39:18.Know, I have just been speaking to four of the guys, they have been at

:39:19. > :39:22.the cafe at the bottom of the lift station, they have been there for

:39:23. > :39:26.probably a good hour, they told me they were warming up, they were

:39:27. > :39:30.very, very cold overnight. That was going to be my question, because

:39:31. > :39:35.they were stranded for a long time overnight, did they have blankets,

:39:36. > :39:39.food or water? Yes, they had blankets, they are under the seats

:39:40. > :39:44.in the cable cabins, they told me that, but there were only two so

:39:45. > :39:48.when there are four or more people it was uncomfortable because they

:39:49. > :39:51.had to share blankets and could not find a comfortable position. And

:39:52. > :39:55.terrifying because, as I said before, there was a ten-year-old

:39:56. > :40:01.child in there, did you get a sense of how people were inside their? Was

:40:02. > :40:05.their panic, were they calming each other down? The people I spoke down

:40:06. > :40:09.were reasonably calm, the rescue services did a very good job to

:40:10. > :40:13.reassure them, but they told me they were concerned because they could

:40:14. > :40:16.see in front of them I believe a Korean couple with some young

:40:17. > :40:20.children so they were worried for the children more than anything

:40:21. > :40:24.else. Were they able to communicate with the rescue teams? What was the

:40:25. > :40:29.system for speaking to them so they knew what was going on? Rescue teams

:40:30. > :40:32.were in touch throughout the night on the phone, they told me they

:40:33. > :40:39.could contact their families, they had no data so they could find out

:40:40. > :40:42.what was going on. Throughout the night they were reassured everything

:40:43. > :40:46.was happening that could have been happening to get them down. If it

:40:47. > :40:51.clear how this happened? We were talking about tangled wires, how can

:40:52. > :40:55.that happen on a cable car? As I understand it there are three cable

:40:56. > :41:00.wires up there, they untangled two of them but the third one just would

:41:01. > :41:03.not go and they decided to put of the operation on till the morning

:41:04. > :41:13.for safety, I suppose, so they could see what was happening. Were

:41:14. > :41:16.conditions particularly windy yesterday for this to happen? It was

:41:17. > :41:18.either wind that caused it or it stopped suddenly, up there at about

:41:19. > :41:23.3000 metres it was probably wind at that time of the night, though it is

:41:24. > :41:27.very hot in town, there is no wind, the paragliders are up everywhere

:41:28. > :41:31.above my head at the moment, so it is still not confirmed but we will

:41:32. > :41:34.find out soon enough. Presumably an investigation has been launched,

:41:35. > :41:38.have the French authorities said anything about what caused it and

:41:39. > :41:42.making sure it does not happen again? I spoke to the head of the

:41:43. > :41:50.company at Mont blanc earlier and he was very calm, not worried it would

:41:51. > :41:53.happen again, to him it was almost one of those things and people

:41:54. > :41:56.should not be put off going up the lift. Thank you for speaking to us.

:41:57. > :41:58.Tonight sees the world premiere of Snowden -

:41:59. > :42:01.a film which follows the life of Edward Snowden, the man

:42:02. > :42:03.responsible for the biggest leak of top secret intelligence

:42:04. > :42:07.Sarah Harrison from Wikileaks played an important part in the story,

:42:08. > :42:11.helping Edward Snowden escape to Russia.

:42:12. > :42:13.Earlier I asked Sarah Harrison, in her first British TV

:42:14. > :42:22.interview, how her encounter with Mr Snowden came about.

:42:23. > :42:28.How did it come about that you helped Edward Snowden? When he went

:42:29. > :42:33.public as being the source of the revelations, the story that started

:42:34. > :42:36.some days before coming out and really shook the world, and he then

:42:37. > :42:44.came forward as the source with a video. And then the manhunt began.

:42:45. > :42:49.The intelligence services of at least the United States were very

:42:50. > :42:52.much after him, the government was reacting strongly to the

:42:53. > :42:58.revelations, coming out and attacking him and those working with

:42:59. > :43:02.him. And he actually reached out to WikiLeaks, understanding that we

:43:03. > :43:06.knew quite a lot, because of Julian's case, to do with asylum and

:43:07. > :43:11.extradition and where politics comes into these cases you will see, in a

:43:12. > :43:15.number of situations with was the brother 's these days, politics and

:43:16. > :43:20.law intersect and it is not just about the law, there is politics

:43:21. > :43:26.coming into it. For example in Ed's case a President's plane was downed

:43:27. > :43:30.due to it, so we had good expertise as well as a knowledge of technical

:43:31. > :43:35.and operational security so he asked us for any assistance we could give.

:43:36. > :43:48.We were able to help, I know Hong Kong well so I was chosen to go out

:43:49. > :43:50.there and work on the ground. You were in Moscow airport for five

:43:51. > :43:53.weeks? Yes, I began in Hong Kong sorting out what the legal and

:43:54. > :43:56.political scenario was, ensuring he would not be able to leave at the

:43:57. > :43:59.time -- he would be able to leave at the time we did in a legal and safe

:44:00. > :44:02.manner. The United States, though they had issued an extradition

:44:03. > :44:05.request, they messed up his middle name so the Hong Kong authorities

:44:06. > :44:10.were being very diligent, wanted to make sure they had the right person,

:44:11. > :44:15.so were unable to do anything with the initial paperwork that was sent.

:44:16. > :44:21.Luckily we timed our exit from Hong Kong quite well and we left before

:44:22. > :44:26.the United States were able to put in even the right paperwork. He was

:44:27. > :44:30.stranded in Moscow because the passport was withdrawn? Exactly, so

:44:31. > :44:34.we were on a flight and Hong Kong were understandably keen to explain

:44:35. > :44:37.this was not their problem now and it was leaked that he had left Hong

:44:38. > :44:43.Kong jurisdiction and was on a flight out on the way to Russia and

:44:44. > :44:47.that I was with him. Once we hit the ground in Russia and tried to check

:44:48. > :44:52.in for our onward flight, we were aiming to get to Latin America,

:44:53. > :44:56.which is where he had wanted to claim asylum, in an incredible own

:44:57. > :45:01.gold the United States cancelled his passport, leaving him stranded

:45:02. > :45:05.there, and so we ended up for 40 days and 40 nights in Moscow

:45:06. > :45:10.airport. You say in a Moscow airport but the world's media descended and

:45:11. > :45:13.no one could find you, so where were you?! Luckily we are quite good at

:45:14. > :45:34.hiding! The press were around and of course intelligence services after

:45:35. > :45:37.him as well but we managed to find a safe space within that airport and

:45:38. > :45:39.of course therefore because of all these people looking for others

:45:40. > :45:41.could not leave that much so we basically spent 40 days in that

:45:42. > :45:43.room. There's been widespread condemnation

:45:44. > :45:45.of North Korea after it carried President Obama consulted

:45:46. > :45:49.with the leaders of South Korea and Japan, and warned

:45:50. > :45:50.of "serious consequences". China urged North Korea to stop

:45:51. > :45:53.taking any actions that Let's speak now to our

:45:54. > :45:55.Beijing Correspondent, John Sudworth, who's

:45:56. > :46:08.following events for us. John, is it clear exactly what the

:46:09. > :46:12.test was? Yes, as far as all of the evidence shows, this was another

:46:13. > :46:21.underground nuclear test. We think the most powerful to date. By North

:46:22. > :46:26.Korea. Carried out, although not yet confirmed by North Korea in terms of

:46:27. > :46:32.the exact location, but again all of the analysis suggests it was carried

:46:33. > :46:35.out very close to the site of other past nuclear tests. And the real

:46:36. > :46:43.concern here is that concerns that the power of the devices being

:46:44. > :46:49.tested is increasing step-by-step. And it suggests of course that North

:46:50. > :46:55.Korea is, as many countries in this region and beyond fear, moving that

:46:56. > :46:58.much closer to having a real weaponised and deliverable nuclear

:46:59. > :47:03.weapons programme. Move a step closer. Is there anyway to guess how

:47:04. > :47:06.far away they could be from a fully functioning nuclear weapon? It is

:47:07. > :47:10.one thing to have a test underground, it is quite another to

:47:11. > :47:17.have something you could use against an enemy. The difficult step is

:47:18. > :47:23.being able to place a nuclear weapon onto the war of a missile and

:47:24. > :47:27.deliver it over distance. The war on to the warhead. There is a great

:47:28. > :47:30.deal of speculation, a lot of information on the intelligence

:47:31. > :47:33.communities and briefings as to where North Korea may be at the

:47:34. > :47:40.moment in terms of that particular objective. I think the consensus

:47:41. > :47:43.they are not yet that if they are not yet there, they may not be far

:47:44. > :47:49.off. South Korean sources have suggested that they may be a able to

:47:50. > :47:52.mount a nuclear warhead on a shorter range missile already, although

:47:53. > :47:56.there are questions as to whether they could put it on a longer range

:47:57. > :48:00.ballistic missile. That is the big fear. With each of these events,

:48:01. > :48:05.troubling as they are in isolation, the big fear now is that North Korea

:48:06. > :48:08.is definitely heading in that direction of travel, and appears to

:48:09. > :48:13.be doing so with some speed. Most people would suggest we are talking

:48:14. > :48:17.about a matter of years rather than decades. But that would be an outer

:48:18. > :48:23.estimate. Some people think they may already be very close. Tough words

:48:24. > :48:28.from world leaders. But what action do we expect? Cover sanctions? That

:48:29. > :48:32.is the real conundrum here. We have already seen tougher sanctions, of

:48:33. > :48:35.course. They were put in place after North Korea's fourth nuclear test,

:48:36. > :48:41.which was only back in January of this year. It is very difficult to

:48:42. > :48:46.see how sanctions could be tightened much further. North Korea is already

:48:47. > :48:51.the most sanctioned government on the planet. The big question I think

:48:52. > :48:54.is over in force in. There are many, many people, we heard a statement

:48:55. > :48:58.out of the Chinese government today which suggested again that China is

:48:59. > :49:01.losing patience with us North Korea and ally. But on the other side of

:49:02. > :49:06.the coin, a lot of people say that although China is often and

:49:07. > :49:10.increasingly willing nowadays to condemn North Korea in public, it

:49:11. > :49:13.doesn't always live up to that condemnation with actions. A lot of

:49:14. > :49:19.question marks about how well enforce the sanctions regime is.

:49:20. > :49:22.Don't forget, China is North Korea's lifeline, its only real ally. The

:49:23. > :49:27.North Korean state is kept alive as a result of the food and trade that

:49:28. > :49:32.flows across its border with China. And I think a lot of attention will

:49:33. > :49:35.be focused once again on Beijing, and a lot of questions asked about

:49:36. > :49:38.whether it could be doing more. Thank you, John.

:49:39. > :49:42.In the next 20 minutes or so, we will hear the Prime Minister

:49:43. > :49:44.make her biggest domestic speech since entering Number Ten, and it's

:49:45. > :49:49.She will lay out the Government's plans to expand grammar schools

:49:50. > :49:50.in what is being described as the biggest revolution

:49:51. > :49:54.The Prime Minister says she wants every child to have the chance

:49:55. > :49:57.to go to a good school, and that for too long

:49:58. > :50:07.Our Political Correspondent Alex Forsyth is in Westminter.

:50:08. > :50:14.Alex, how much of the detail do we know at this stage? What we know is

:50:15. > :50:19.that it is going to be a radical speech from Theresa May. Her first

:50:20. > :50:23.big domestic policies beach. She is sticking through to the themes that

:50:24. > :50:27.she set out when she took office, trying to create a country which

:50:28. > :50:31.works for everyone, not just the privileged few. What we have heard

:50:32. > :50:35.so far is that education is get a bikini to that. What we expect her

:50:36. > :50:39.to say today is that -- is going to be key to that. The Government will

:50:40. > :50:43.ring forward proposals to allow existing grammar schools to expand

:50:44. > :50:46.and new ones to open, also proposals to encourage more faith school

:50:47. > :50:52.places and more catholic schools opening. What Theresa May is

:50:53. > :50:55.thinking behind this, at the moment wealthy parents are able to move

:50:56. > :50:59.into areas where there are good schools, their children get the best

:51:00. > :51:03.education. Her argument is that by creating more good academic schools,

:51:04. > :51:06.more pupils from all souls of backgrounds will have the

:51:07. > :51:10.opportunity to go to them. There is staunch criticism of this. Many

:51:11. > :51:15.people fear that grammar schools really just in French the problems

:51:16. > :51:19.with social mobility. They create a two tier system -- just in French.

:51:20. > :51:25.Those who go to the grammar schools flourish, and those who do not left

:51:26. > :51:27.behind. We understand the Government is going to announce a package of

:51:28. > :51:30.measures to try and counter that. Things like new grammar schools,

:51:31. > :51:34.expanding grammar schools, taking a proportion of pupils from lower

:51:35. > :51:37.income backgrounds, perhaps sponsoring underperforming schools

:51:38. > :51:40.in their area. The hope is this will persuade the critics that this is

:51:41. > :51:44.not a return to the system of the past, but this is a hugely emotional

:51:45. > :51:49.issue. And people from across the board and education do have

:51:50. > :51:52.reservations about this. Some of the teaching unions saying this is a

:51:53. > :52:01.regressive policy that will not help promote social mobility. It is a big

:52:02. > :52:03.test for Theresa May. Her first big domestic policy she is bringing

:52:04. > :52:07.forward. There is not universal support by any means. It is not just

:52:08. > :52:10.whether she can win people round, it will also be a test in Parliament as

:52:11. > :52:14.to whether she can get this through the Commons on the Lords. Labour MPs

:52:15. > :52:18.are saying this will entrench inequality. She is not going to win

:52:19. > :52:23.over Labour MPs, but she also has critics within her own party. She

:52:24. > :52:27.has. Labour or opposed to this, as are the Liberal Democrats and Green

:52:28. > :52:29.Party. There are a number of Conservative MPs who borrow long

:52:30. > :52:40.time have argued that a return to the grammar school system is a good

:52:41. > :52:43.thing -- whom over a long period of time. There was a campaign group set

:52:44. > :52:45.up over recent years to argue for exactly that, that the expansion of

:52:46. > :52:48.grammar schools would be good. But that is by no means the majority of

:52:49. > :52:50.the party. Several backbenchers are not convinced by this, including the

:52:51. > :52:54.chair of the education Select Committee, whose fear is that if we

:52:55. > :52:57.do return to that system whereby we have a split, those who pass the

:52:58. > :53:01.test that the 11 have a bright and promising future, and those who

:53:02. > :53:05.don't somewhat left behind. The test for Theresa May is that whether a

:53:06. > :53:08.package of measures she brings forward can appease the concerns.

:53:09. > :53:17.The focus is on trying to create a mix of schools. It is not just a

:53:18. > :53:20.case of the two tier system. There are different types of schools in

:53:21. > :53:22.any given area to suit people's educational ability. But we haven't

:53:23. > :53:24.got lots of specific details about how that will work in practice.

:53:25. > :53:28.Successive governments have tried different educational systems to

:53:29. > :53:32.achieve that aim of improving social mobility and giving pupils from poor

:53:33. > :53:36.backgrounds the opportunity of those of wealthy backgrounds. It is not an

:53:37. > :53:40.easy thing to do. This is Theresa May's attempt at it, but she will

:53:41. > :53:41.face criticism, not just from the opposition benches, but from those

:53:42. > :53:45.in her Rome party. Thank you, Alex. With me now is Laura McInerney,

:53:46. > :53:57.Editor of Schools Week Also from Watford is Joanne, who

:53:58. > :54:01.went to the first-come friends of school in Hertfordshire from 1968.

:54:02. > :54:07.I'm sure she is delighted we have that that time! I'm also joined by

:54:08. > :54:09.Paul Carter, the reader of Kent County Council which has some of the

:54:10. > :54:14.country's most successful grammar schools. So all the leader. Laura,

:54:15. > :54:18.what are your thoughts? The biggest issue for Theresa May is that we

:54:19. > :54:22.have got lots and lots of data, it is not like the 1960s. We can see

:54:23. > :54:26.what is happening with actual pupils in schools right now. When we look

:54:27. > :54:32.at their achievement, we see in areas such as Kent when they do

:54:33. > :54:36.have, schools, the outcome of -- poorer pupils is worse. For middle

:54:37. > :54:40.income and Richard pupils, it doesn't really make much difference.

:54:41. > :54:44.All you do if you bring back grammar schools, if you look at the reality,

:54:45. > :54:49.making things worse for poorer pupils. Paul Carter, do you agree?

:54:50. > :54:53.No, I wouldn't. I would be interested to look at some of the

:54:54. > :54:58.high performing comprehensive schools, and look at the social

:54:59. > :55:02.profile of their pupils. Because I suggest in many of the most

:55:03. > :55:05.successful areas for comprehensive schools, the social profile would be

:55:06. > :55:12.very similar to the average grammar school. In which case I would just

:55:13. > :55:15.say, why not have a comprehensive School? Why put in a test which

:55:16. > :55:18.means that you will almost inevitably keep out poorer pupils?

:55:19. > :55:23.We know at the moment grammar schools only take 3% of pupils from

:55:24. > :55:27.lower income families, compared to the national average of 18% of

:55:28. > :55:31.pupils. Alex Forsyth just that that Theresa May is expected to save in

:55:32. > :55:33.the next few minutes that actually these schools would be forced to

:55:34. > :55:38.take children from poorer backgrounds. Some, that of the weird

:55:39. > :55:43.thing about this policy. Theresa May is saying, let's pick our favourite

:55:44. > :55:45.poorer pupils, we will help them and move up their results, but what

:55:46. > :55:50.about all the others were left behind? It is very strange to make

:55:51. > :55:56.your first educational policy just helping the privileged few. Joanne,

:55:57. > :56:03.what are Loblaws? I just feel that -- what are your thoughts. When

:56:04. > :56:07.children are in year six they are very young, they should not be given

:56:08. > :56:11.a test and said, you are a failure, you will have to go to one of the

:56:12. > :56:16.second-class schools. When I went to one of the first grammar schools, I

:56:17. > :56:22.mean, one of the first comprehensive schools, we were actually streamed,

:56:23. > :56:30.so we were taught with children of the same ability as us. But we won't

:56:31. > :56:37.put in a second-class school. But I realised that sometimes if children

:56:38. > :56:41.are taught in mixed ability groups, the brighter ones can mess about

:56:42. > :56:46.because they get bored. They have to work at the pace of the slowest

:56:47. > :56:50.children. But we were taught with similar ability children, although

:56:51. > :56:54.we were in a comprehensive School. Joanne, let me put that point the

:56:55. > :56:57.ball. Both you and Laura are saying, the problem is, if you take the

:56:58. > :57:01.brightest kids the grammar school, the other ones feel like they are

:57:02. > :57:04.somehow inadequate that they are left in a conference of and they are

:57:05. > :57:11.not going to thrive. But is not the case. Many of our high schools in

:57:12. > :57:15.the county are also high performing. A number of the sixth form will end

:57:16. > :57:19.up getting an Oxbridge entry at the end of sixth form, which is

:57:20. > :57:23.brilliant. The most important thing is that we have a differentiated

:57:24. > :57:26.education system that plays to the strengths and the abilities of all

:57:27. > :57:32.young people. And it is quite right that those on the brightest end of

:57:33. > :57:36.the academic spectrum are given the opportunity to really thrive and

:57:37. > :57:43.reached their full potential academically and go on and help and

:57:44. > :57:46.support this country, its physicists and mathematicians etc. On the other

:57:47. > :57:52.end of the spectrum, where the education system is currently

:57:53. > :57:57.failing, or those at the bottom end, the 15 to 20% of young people who

:57:58. > :58:00.are struggling to grasp the basic mathematical principles and

:58:01. > :58:04.struggling with their numeracy and literacy. We need a differentiated

:58:05. > :58:08.education package to teach them in different ways. So it is all about a

:58:09. > :58:12.different approach, is what was then. Thank you for joining us,

:58:13. > :58:16.Paul, Joanne and Laura. Do stay tuned to the BBC News Channel,

:58:17. > :58:19.because you will get the speech by Theresa May, which we are expecting

:58:20. > :58:22.to come up in the next few minutes. Thank you for your company, have a

:58:23. > :58:25.lovely weekend.