16/09/2016

:00:00. > :00:21.Hello is it Friday it is 9.00am, I am Joanna Gosling, welcome to the

:00:22. > :00:29.programme. A train is partially derailed near

:00:30. > :00:32.Watford junction after a land slide. No-one injured but widespread

:00:33. > :00:37.disruption. Mark Carney joins us live. With a special BBC News school

:00:38. > :00:43.report. A good morning from the academy here

:00:44. > :00:46.in Coventry. In a while, Mark Carney is available to take questions from

:00:47. > :01:19.here in co-entry and across the UK. And a boil wood superstars bows out.

:01:20. > :01:26.I sang so many songs. Welcome to the programme.

:01:27. > :01:32.We are live until 11.00am. We are also talking about Chinese

:01:33. > :01:37.medicine after the death of a Chinese actress who chose the

:01:38. > :01:45.medicine over traditional medicines on offer in the country.

:01:46. > :01:48.Our top story today...Flash flooding has hit parts of southern

:01:49. > :01:50.and north-east England this morning after torrential rain.

:01:51. > :01:52.The Environment Agency's issued an amber warning for

:01:53. > :01:54.parts of the south-east of the country, and there

:01:55. > :01:56.are reports of roads and properties being hit by flooding

:01:57. > :01:58.across Surrey, Hampshire, Hertfordshire and Greater London.

:01:59. > :02:00.One train's been derailed between Watford Junction

:02:01. > :02:02.and King's Langley in Herttfordshire after a reported landslide -

:02:03. > :02:04.and there are delays on South-West Trains

:02:05. > :02:14.There is major disruption to the south-west train services, after a

:02:15. > :02:19.lightening strike caused what the company says is substantial damage

:02:20. > :02:24.to signalling equipment. Also delays on Virgin East Coast services.

:02:25. > :02:29.We are joined by Steve with the latest developments. Tell us about

:02:30. > :02:34.the train derailment? That is the biggest problem.

:02:35. > :02:40.In the last hour or so we have details on exactly what happened

:02:41. > :02:45.there. It was the 6.19am service from Milton Keynes into London,

:02:46. > :02:48.Euston. When it reached north of Watford at 7.00am, what the Network

:02:49. > :02:54.Rail tell us is that a small portion of the train derailed. There was a

:02:55. > :02:57.land slide that caused the derailment. It hit another train

:02:58. > :03:01.coming in the opposite direction. It is not a serious collision. The

:03:02. > :03:05.other train has been able to carry on in the other direction. The most

:03:06. > :03:09.important thing, no-one it seems has been injured.

:03:10. > :03:14.But what it is causing and going to cause is disruption.

:03:15. > :03:18.Of course, London, Euston, if is one of the busiest train stations in

:03:19. > :03:22.London. The west coast mainline up and down there, north to Glasgow and

:03:23. > :03:28.other northern cities, so it will be difficult. Virgin rail are telling

:03:29. > :03:33.us that one service an hour is being cancelled. Two lines have been

:03:34. > :03:39.reopened but the trains are moving slowly, there is congestion on the

:03:40. > :03:44.line, delays and cancellations. A lot of rain has fallen in a short

:03:45. > :03:49.period of time. Tell us about the affected areas so far? In the East

:03:50. > :03:53.Coast of England, they have been affected especially. We have seen

:03:54. > :03:59.the images of the difficulties it has caused. In London roads are

:04:00. > :04:03.submerged. Roads closed so a difficult morning for the drivers.

:04:04. > :04:08.Also images of Newbury. The town centre, in a matter of minutes, the

:04:09. > :04:13.town centre had been transformed into a lake, the packages at the

:04:14. > :04:17.train stations standing on benches to escape the water running through

:04:18. > :04:21.there. So flash flooding is the main problem.

:04:22. > :04:27.Also the fire crews are dealing with lightening strikes in various places

:04:28. > :04:30.that caused fires and power outages. There are thousands of homes without

:04:31. > :04:35.power at certain times in the morning. In parts of the country it

:04:36. > :04:39.is set to continue. There are weather warnings in place for the

:04:40. > :04:42.rest of the day. So the rush hour is coming to an end but there are

:04:43. > :04:46.difficulties ahead. Thank you very much, Steve.

:04:47. > :04:52.Now the rest of the news with Anita in the newsroom.

:04:53. > :04:54.Two months after he was sacked by Theresa May,

:04:55. > :04:56.the former chancellor, George Osborne, is launching

:04:57. > :04:58.a new think-tank to champion his Northern Powerhouse initiative.

:04:59. > :05:00.The independent body will campaign for greater devolution

:05:01. > :05:04.and investment to boost growth in the North of England.

:05:05. > :05:10.There have been concerns that the project has lost much

:05:11. > :05:17.Uhunoma Osazuwa asked the Government to push forward with the plan.

:05:18. > :05:23.Our political correspondent Ben Wright is in Westminster for us.

:05:24. > :05:30.What are the proposals pushed forward, given he was sacked by

:05:31. > :05:34.Theresa May? He was brutally sacked. I think that Theresa May may have

:05:35. > :05:40.encouraged Uhunoma Osazuwa to embark on a quiet period of silent

:05:41. > :05:45.reflections on the back benches but something that it seems he is not

:05:46. > :05:54.intending to do. An interest interview on the programme on Radio

:05:55. > :05:59.4. The interview talking about the pressure to keep on the northern

:06:00. > :06:03.poor house, keeping the money flowing. Getting political parties

:06:04. > :06:08.to form a consensus around the Northern Power house ideas he

:06:09. > :06:14.championed in government and that Theresa May wobbled over when she

:06:15. > :06:18.first entered Number Ten. He also spoke about the Hinkley deal

:06:19. > :06:23.reconfirmed yesterday. He said he could not see what was different to

:06:24. > :06:27.how they had gone about it, and the special share that the Government

:06:28. > :06:33.claim it is has through the process from when he went through it with

:06:34. > :06:37.the Cameron government. He was asked about whether or not he was planning

:06:38. > :06:44.to write a political memoir but he said he did not know how the story

:06:45. > :06:48.was going to end yet. And he sounded cool about the plan for more grammar

:06:49. > :06:52.schools, so it sounded like a politicians planning a front line

:06:53. > :06:56.comeback to politics but someone prepared to talk about what the

:06:57. > :06:59.Government's doing, criticise where he thinks is necessary.

:07:00. > :07:02.The UK Independence Party today reveals who'll replace

:07:03. > :07:05.Mr Farage resigned in July after the Brexit vote.

:07:06. > :07:07.There are five candidates to succeed him - MEPs

:07:08. > :07:12.Diane James and Bill Etheridge, local councillor Lisa Duffy,

:07:13. > :07:16.and activists Philip Broughton and Elizabeth Jones.

:07:17. > :07:20.The Ministry of Defence has apologised for the death

:07:21. > :07:23.of a 15-year-old Iraqi boy who drowned after he was arrested

:07:24. > :07:26.by British soldiers in Basra in 2003.

:07:27. > :07:29.Ahmad Ali died when he was forced into a river as punishment

:07:30. > :07:34.The personnel involved were cleared of manslaughter

:07:35. > :07:40.But a report by former High Court judge Sir George Newman has

:07:41. > :07:44.raised serious concerns about their behaviour,

:07:45. > :07:50.as well as the training and resources for British forces.

:07:51. > :07:53.European leaders are gathering in the Slovakian capital Bratislava -

:07:54. > :07:57.without a representative from the UK The European Council President

:07:58. > :08:00.Donald Tusk has called on EU leaders to take a "sober and brutally

:08:01. > :08:04.honest" look at the bloc's problems, in the wake of Britain's shock

:08:05. > :08:17.Our Europe Correspondent is following the meeting in Bratislava

:08:18. > :08:24., good morning to you, Damian. As we mentioned the family photograph will

:08:25. > :08:28.be minus the UK. The German Chancellor is warning that people

:08:29. > :08:32.should not expect too much from the meeting, so what will they be

:08:33. > :08:36.discussing? You are right, Angela Merkel arrived in the last few

:08:37. > :08:41.minutes. What she said going into the castle up there on the hill

:08:42. > :08:47.behind me, was that you can't solve all of Europe's problems in one

:08:48. > :08:51.summit. She said also that we are in a critical situation, so what we

:08:52. > :08:57.have to do is show people in Europe that we can do things better and she

:08:58. > :09:00.specifically named in the realms of the security, fighting terrorism,

:09:01. > :09:05.defence and growing the economy. What they will be talking about

:09:06. > :09:12.there are specific things. There will be more efforts to secure

:09:13. > :09:19.Europe's borders, so countries contributing more people and

:09:20. > :09:23.equipment to do that, more efforts to co-ordinate security policy, more

:09:24. > :09:27.efforts to tackle the influx of possible terror threats from

:09:28. > :09:30.outside, more efforts to try to stimulate the economy by

:09:31. > :09:34.contributing to investment plans. Interestingly, I think what they

:09:35. > :09:39.will be doing is not making specific decisions here, so much as trying to

:09:40. > :09:42.lay out a vision for the future. Slovakia, the host country, its

:09:43. > :09:48.Foreign Minister said that this was about laying out a vision. He said

:09:49. > :09:53.that Eurosceptics are gaining. That the EU leaders must tackle the

:09:54. > :09:58.popularity of the EU to show it is a project that delivers benefits. That

:09:59. > :10:02.is their aim. To set out a positive vision for the future. Thank you

:10:03. > :10:05.Safety regulators in the US have announced a formal recall

:10:06. > :10:14.of Samsung Galaxy Note 7 phones after nearly a hundred reports

:10:15. > :10:17.The South Korean tech giant had already launched a voluntary

:10:18. > :10:24.recall in ten countries after user complaints.

:10:25. > :10:27.It says the problem affects 2.5 million devices globally,

:10:28. > :10:31.The mother of missing British toddler Ben Needham has been told

:10:32. > :10:33.to "prepare for the worst" by detectives who suspect

:10:34. > :10:36.According to the Daily Mirror, British investigators

:10:37. > :10:38.on the Greek island of Kos, where the 21-month-old vanished

:10:39. > :10:42.in 1991, believe he may have been crushed to death by a digger.

:10:43. > :10:46.Forensics teams are reportedly set to begin excavating at two sites

:10:47. > :10:49.close to where Ben was last seen as he played near his

:10:50. > :11:00.A man accused of hacking into the computer systems of the US

:11:01. > :11:03.Army and NASA will find out today whether he'll be sent

:11:04. > :11:06.Lauri Love, who has Asperger's and suffers from depression,

:11:07. > :11:09.says he may kill himself if imprisoned in the United States.

:11:10. > :11:12.He is alleged to have stolen huge amounts of data from US agencies

:11:13. > :11:14.including the Federal Reserve, the Department of Defence,

:11:15. > :11:20.And Joanna will be speaking to Lauri Love's lawyer on this

:11:21. > :11:27.Hillary Clinton has held her first rally since taking three days

:11:28. > :11:29.off the campaign trail after being diagnosed with pneumonia.

:11:30. > :11:32.The Democratic candidate told supporters it was great to be back

:11:33. > :11:40.but said her enforced break was "a gift".

:11:41. > :11:51.If you may know, I recently had a cough, that turned out to be

:11:52. > :11:56.pneumonia! I tried to power through it but even I had to admit maybe a

:11:57. > :12:00.And Donald Trump has also been on the campaign trail.

:12:01. > :12:02.After a day spent outlining his economic plans the

:12:03. > :12:04.Republican candidate - often described as brash -

:12:05. > :12:07.appeared on a TV chat show to be ribbed about his speaking style -

:12:08. > :12:09.and get his famous hairstyle messed up.

:12:10. > :12:29.Can I mess your hair up? CHEERING AND APPLAUSE.

:12:30. > :12:33.So... As long... The answer is yes but the people in New Hampshire,

:12:34. > :12:48.where I will be in an hour from now, I hope that they will understand.

:12:49. > :12:50.Is it a yes? Go ahead! DRUM ROLL... A defining image of the campaign,

:12:51. > :12:52.A defining image of the campaign, perhaps?

:12:53. > :12:55.That's a summary of the latest BBC News - more at 9.30am.

:12:56. > :12:58.In a moment we'll be asking if Ukip has a future

:12:59. > :13:03.Do get in touch with us throughout the morning -

:13:04. > :13:09.If you text, you will be charged at the standard network rate.

:13:10. > :13:14.And by their own high standards Hugh, it was a fairly quiet night

:13:15. > :13:27.Good morning, Joanna. We should not be laughing, strike a handful of

:13:28. > :13:32.gold medals as a mini crisis after the steady stream of medals that we

:13:33. > :13:37.have seen in Rio. It was a story of close but not quite especially for

:13:38. > :13:41.the Para athletes. Richard Whitehead aiming for a selled gold medal in

:13:42. > :13:45.the Games. The 40-year-old didn't have the start but he powered

:13:46. > :13:51.through to take a joint silver medal after. He said he was not sure if he

:13:52. > :14:00.could compete in Tokyo in 2020. Also on the track, the team of Kadeena

:14:01. > :14:04.Cox, and Georgina Hermitage, and the rest of the relay team, finishing

:14:05. > :14:11.with a silver medal in the relay race. In the wheelchair race,

:14:12. > :14:25.Patricia Hewitt and Gordon Corera beaten by peer peer Peiffer and hued

:14:26. > :14:40.hued hued. -- how'd how'd how'd. And the Anne Dunham taking a silver

:14:41. > :14:50.in the equestrian. And a seven all time owe Olympic champion there. And

:14:51. > :14:56.in the paracanoeing, claiming bronze in the Lagoa. It means that Para GB

:14:57. > :15:04.are second on the medal table. They have passed the medal mark.

:15:05. > :15:08.And Patricia Hewitt and Gordon Reid are to face one another in the

:15:09. > :15:13.singles final, so definitely a gold for Britain in that one.

:15:14. > :15:16.A British autistic man accused of hacking into US government

:15:17. > :15:18.computers will today find out if he is to be

:15:19. > :15:26.Last week, Lauri Love told this programme he would consider

:15:27. > :15:28.killing himself if he is sent to the US.

:15:29. > :15:30.Mr Love, who has Asperger's Syndrome, is accused of stealing

:15:31. > :15:34.huge amounts of data from US agencies including

:15:35. > :15:41.In a moment we will speak to Lauri's lawyer ahead of today's decision.

:15:42. > :15:44.But first let's take a look back at how all this began -

:15:45. > :15:49.Three years ago, someone posing as a UPS courier turned up

:15:50. > :15:52.28-year-old Lauri Love was called downstairs to sign

:15:53. > :15:56.It was all a deception, a police sting to catch a

:15:57. > :16:01.man now accused of hacking into the FBI, the US

:16:02. > :16:03.Central Bank and America's Missile Defence Agency.

:16:04. > :16:08.Greetings, citizens of the world, we are Anonymous.

:16:09. > :16:10.It's suspected Love was part of Anonymous, a secretive

:16:11. > :16:14.network of hackers which targets government and companies.

:16:15. > :16:18.They tend to hack not so much because they want

:16:19. > :16:23.They do it because one of their beliefs is that

:16:24. > :16:29.all corporate information should be in the public domain, so if people

:16:30. > :16:32.are storing personal and private data, they want to release it.

:16:33. > :16:33.If they think people are behaving badly,

:16:34. > :16:36.Two weeks ago today, a line was crossed.

:16:37. > :16:38.Two weeks ago today, Aaron Swartz was

:16:39. > :16:48.Love is accused of being one of four Anonymous hackers behind

:16:49. > :16:50.Operation Last Resort, an online protest which followed the suicide

:16:51. > :16:54.With Aaron's death, we can wait no longer.

:16:55. > :16:56.The time has come to show the United States

:16:57. > :16:58.Department of Justice and its affiliates the true meaning of

:16:59. > :17:02.As payback, it is alleged Anonymous broke into

:17:03. > :17:05.computer systems belonging to US agencies, including the FBI, the US

:17:06. > :17:08.The Americans say they have evidence Lauri Love

:17:09. > :17:09.himself downloaded thousands of staff records, including

:17:10. > :17:23.He allegedly wrote to other hackers with the message, "Yes, I am

:17:24. > :17:27.There is no suggestion though that he made money from this

:17:28. > :17:31.This is particularly serious but I think it's more

:17:32. > :17:35.The more people want to send a message saying if you try to

:17:36. > :17:37.break into our systems, we will come after you.

:17:38. > :17:42.Certainly there is no reason why anyone who calls

:17:43. > :17:52.themselves a hacker or researcher should be getting

:17:53. > :17:54.into something like Nasa or the Federal Reserve.

:17:55. > :17:56.It's not the sort of thing you should be doing.

:17:57. > :17:58.The US Army investigation command says they

:17:59. > :18:00.traced some of the attacks back through an internet address in

:18:01. > :18:03.Romania paid for by a PayPal account linked to Love.

:18:04. > :18:05.After his arrest, he was questioned by Britain's National

:18:06. > :18:08.Crime Agency but he has never been charged in the UK and the

:18:09. > :18:09.investigation here appears to be over.

:18:10. > :18:12.Instead, he is wanted by US authorities for accessing US

:18:13. > :18:15.There's a war on whistle-blowers and hacktivists ongoing

:18:16. > :18:18.in the United States and I don't think war is too

:18:19. > :18:20.Love's supporters claim if he is extradited,

:18:21. > :18:23.he could be sentenced to 99 years in a US prison.

:18:24. > :18:25.Other hackers in his position say they've

:18:26. > :18:28.been forced into a plea deal, a reduced sentence of ten years

:18:29. > :18:32.In the UK, the maximum sentence for a computer

:18:33. > :18:36.I think it's barely possibly that Lauri will receive any

:18:37. > :18:57.The pressures to agree to a plea bargain

:18:58. > :18:59.are enormous, and Lauri is facing charges in three

:19:00. > :19:05.At a hearing in July, his defence argued

:19:06. > :19:08.he suffers from depression and Asperger's, a form of

:19:09. > :19:20.Lawyers in the US said he was using that as a shield to avoid justice.

:19:21. > :19:23.The case is similar to that of Gary McKinnon, his decade-long battle

:19:24. > :19:28.against extradition to the US ended in 2012 when Teresa May, then Home

:19:29. > :19:31.Secretary, blocked the request on health grounds. His extradition

:19:32. > :19:39.would give rise to such a high-risk of him ending his life. After that,

:19:40. > :19:43.the law was changed, it is now judges not politicians who decide

:19:44. > :19:46.these things. The idea was to rebalance and extradition deal with

:19:47. > :19:55.the United States that many felt was unfair. The Love test is said to be

:19:56. > :20:01.the first test and the judge will make her decision on October 16.

:20:02. > :20:03.Lauri Love's US lawyer Tor Ekeland is here today and we will discuss

:20:04. > :20:06.the extradition ruling in a moment, but last week Lauri

:20:07. > :20:09.was talking to Victoria - he spoke about his fears of serving

:20:10. > :20:17.It is quite absurd, any more than a few decades and you don't see an end

:20:18. > :20:22.to it there are poor conditions in US prisons for people with mental

:20:23. > :20:27.health difficulties and I think I would be at risk of dying. That is a

:20:28. > :20:33.serious fear for you. Yes, it is was argued in the hearing that because

:20:34. > :20:40.of depression and as burgers and because US prisons are not as

:20:41. > :20:43.consummate as UK prisons for providing that sort of relief, you

:20:44. > :20:47.tend to be put in a small room by yourself, in the UK they would

:20:48. > :20:51.activate contact with families and support the person at risk. There is

:20:52. > :20:55.a question of sovereignty here, in the UK we have a pretty functional

:20:56. > :20:58.court system and a good prison system and in the US they feel they

:20:59. > :21:05.can step in when they do not like the results. Is that how you see it,

:21:06. > :21:07.the US stepping in? You know we have an extradition treaty, lots of

:21:08. > :21:12.people have complained about it, nobody seems to be able to change it

:21:13. > :21:16.despite campaigns by various people, it was signed by David Blunkett,

:21:17. > :21:22.then Home Secretary, years ago, and he has made comments about it since,

:21:23. > :21:26.that is the way you did. Yes, efforts have stalled at reforming

:21:27. > :21:29.it, it is unbalanced, the US has not needed to present any evidence and

:21:30. > :21:34.people will say this is absurd that I could be taken out of this country

:21:35. > :21:38.without anything being proven. I hope the reforms will eventually be

:21:39. > :21:44.successful and if the extradition is reviewed then it might help promote

:21:45. > :21:48.this again. In terms of the three years this has been hanging over

:21:49. > :21:53.you, what impact has a had on you, what impact has it had on your

:21:54. > :21:57.family? I really feel for my parents, who have to worry have the

:21:58. > :22:03.stress of this, it is very difficult for them. For myself, it has led to

:22:04. > :22:07.my ex-manga quite often scratch my face and it bleed and I get

:22:08. > :22:12.infections, I do not get a good nights sleep very often. I get the

:22:13. > :22:20.immune system problems, so it would be nice to have less stress. But

:22:21. > :22:22.this is an important process that keeps me going.

:22:23. > :22:26.Let's talk now to Tor Ekeland, Lauri Love's US lawyer.

:22:27. > :22:33.Thank you for coming in. The ruling on extradition is later today. Do

:22:34. > :22:38.you have a sense on which way it might go? I am cautiously

:22:39. > :22:42.optimistic. But I'm not going to speculate, it is a big moment for

:22:43. > :22:48.him, it is at 2pm so we are anxious to hear what the court has to say.

:22:49. > :22:53.If it does go against him, is it open to appeal? It is my

:22:54. > :22:57.understanding he can appeal it, that is what the UK Council has told me

:22:58. > :23:04.so undoubtedly if it goes against him he will appeal. So this won't be

:23:05. > :23:07.it, then? It won't be but it is a big moment, the initial court ruling

:23:08. > :23:13.will carry a lot of weight if it is anything like in the United States.

:23:14. > :23:17.He is accused of hacking into American Government agencies

:23:18. > :23:21.including the FBI, the army, Nasa, and the Federal reserve. If those

:23:22. > :23:24.crimes were committed against US interests, why shouldn't the face

:23:25. > :23:32.trial in the United States? The United States' approach to these

:23:33. > :23:37.kinds of crimes are disproportionate to what kind of punishment he would

:23:38. > :23:43.face in the United States. I feel they tend to punish hackers way

:23:44. > :23:47.beyond the conduct justifies. But that is the law and if he has hacked

:23:48. > :23:54.into American Government systems, that is the law there. The law he is

:23:55. > :23:57.charged under is a controversial law in the United States, for instance

:23:58. > :24:06.the alleged hacks were part of a protest against a computer print

:24:07. > :24:09.abuse, action against a prominent individual called Aaron Swartz who

:24:10. > :24:12.was prosecuted under this law and ended up committing suicide before

:24:13. > :24:15.he went to trial because the penalties under the law are very

:24:16. > :24:22.Draconian. The prosecuting lawyer has accused Lauri Love of courting

:24:23. > :24:26.publicity and exaggerating his medical condition, accusing him of

:24:27. > :24:30.using his personal difficulties effectively as a shield against

:24:31. > :24:34.extradition. What do you say to that? I would say his personal

:24:35. > :24:37.difficulties are real. I think most of my clients, I have a lot of

:24:38. > :24:41.clients, ideal with a lot of computer hackers in the United

:24:42. > :24:45.States, what makes these people good at computers also makes it difficult

:24:46. > :24:50.for them to socially function and I think if you throw Lauri Love in a

:24:51. > :24:53.US jail cell you have got a very, very good chance that he will kill

:24:54. > :24:57.himself. I don't think that is a joke, I don't think he is using it

:24:58. > :25:01.as a shield, I think it is a reality. The American prison service

:25:02. > :25:07.must deal with prisoners with similar issues to those that Lauri

:25:08. > :25:11.has? I have had clients put on suicide watch in US prisons who were

:25:12. > :25:14.stripped naked and put in solitary confinement, I simply do not think

:25:15. > :25:18.that is the way to deal with somebody who has these kinds of

:25:19. > :25:24.issues. My experience with the US prison system is that it is a

:25:25. > :25:26.barbaric system, not one that is interested in rehabilitating

:25:27. > :25:31.anybody, simply a system interested in punishing somebody as harshly as

:25:32. > :25:41.possible. We were hearing that most of the cases in the United States

:25:42. > :25:44.end with a plea bargain, 95 to 96% of cases end that way. If he is

:25:45. > :25:46.ultimately extradited, would you anticipate that is how things would

:25:47. > :25:50.go? Possibly, you always enter plea negotiations with the Government but

:25:51. > :25:54.that varies under the prosecutor. It varies under the weight of the

:25:55. > :25:58.evidence, we have not seen the evidence in this case, we just have

:25:59. > :26:03.a bunch of allegations by the government. Possibly, but I'm not

:26:04. > :26:07.sure, sometimes you get a prosecutor hell-bent on sending somebody to

:26:08. > :26:09.jail in order to make their career, so I think the possibility of

:26:10. > :26:17.significant jail time for him is very real. Thank you very much.

:26:18. > :26:20.Coming up - the woman behind seven decades of Bollywood music.

:26:21. > :26:22.Our exclusive interview with singing superstar,

:26:23. > :26:24.Asha Bhosle, who introduced rock and roll to India.

:26:25. > :26:27.She is in the UK for her last ever performance.

:26:28. > :26:30.The new leader of Ukip is due to be announced

:26:31. > :26:35.Whoever wins will have big shoes to fill,

:26:36. > :26:38.following the departure of Nigel Farage.

:26:39. > :26:40.He resigned in July, saying his "political

:26:41. > :26:42.ambition has been achieved", after Britain voted

:26:43. > :26:46.Let's talk now to our correspondent Alex Forsyth who is at the party

:26:47. > :26:56.Good morning, Alex. Good morning, delegates have been

:26:57. > :26:59.gathering here this morning to find out who their new leader will be and

:27:00. > :27:05.there are big shoes to fill because Nigel Farage has been a huge part of

:27:06. > :27:09.Ukip from many, many years, and he is now stepping down, Ukip will have

:27:10. > :27:12.to replace him. There are five candidates in the running and they

:27:13. > :27:17.will not just have the job of filling Nigel Farage's shoes but,

:27:18. > :27:23.now the UK has voted for Brexit, the big question is what does Ukip stand

:27:24. > :27:27.for? I am joined by two delegates supporting two different candidates,

:27:28. > :27:32.Caroline is backing Diane James, and something is the favourite, why are

:27:33. > :27:36.you supporting her? She has been in Ukip the longest, she is a familiar

:27:37. > :27:41.face and I think she has Nigel Farage's policies. I like Nigel

:27:42. > :27:45.Farage very much, I am sad to see him leave, but Diane James is very

:27:46. > :27:50.open, honest, forthright, she says what she thinks and I like somebody

:27:51. > :27:56.who is very decisive. A bit like Nigel Farage? I like people like

:27:57. > :28:01.that, I don't like people who beat around the bush. Charles, you are

:28:02. > :28:07.backing Bill Etheridge, currently and any peak, one of the men on the

:28:08. > :28:12.list. Why are you supporting him? I am supporting Bill Etheridge because

:28:13. > :28:16.he is the only candidate to put forward a political philosophy,

:28:17. > :28:19.libertarianism. Ukip cannot survive without a political philosophy, all

:28:20. > :28:24.parties are based on political philosophy. The Conservatives have

:28:25. > :28:28.Conservative, Labour have socialism, we have got to have libertarianism,

:28:29. > :28:32.a small state with lower taxes. Diane, Lisa Duffy, none of the other

:28:33. > :28:36.candidates have put that forward and showing political philosophy and we

:28:37. > :28:40.need one. I guess that is one of the problems for Ukip, Ukip was all

:28:41. > :28:46.about getting out of the EU, among other things, but now that is going

:28:47. > :28:51.to happen, what does Ukip stand for? Well, is it going to happen? We have

:28:52. > :28:57.not invoked article 50 yet, Teresa May says Brexit means Brexit but it

:28:58. > :29:00.may never happen. A lot of people saying they want a second

:29:01. > :29:05.referendum, but no thank you. Ukip has got to fight now, it is wide

:29:06. > :29:11.Ukip is very important. You still think there is a role for the party

:29:12. > :29:18.to play? Definitely. And of course a big question about those big shoes,

:29:19. > :29:22.Nigel Farage was an enigmatic leader, if at times divisive. Do any

:29:23. > :29:25.of these candidates have the same ability to reach out? It would be

:29:26. > :29:30.silly to say they have the charisma of Nigel Farage because they don't,

:29:31. > :29:34.but what Bill as is political philosophy and if he can say we

:29:35. > :29:39.stand firmly in the right-wing spectrum, by which I mean small

:29:40. > :29:43.state and lower taxes, not racism, we can win because people will say,

:29:44. > :29:48.I want lower taxes and a small state, so if you want that, vote for

:29:49. > :29:51.Bill. Thank you both very much, enjoy the rest of the conference.

:29:52. > :29:55.The votes are being counted this morning, we expect the result in a

:29:56. > :29:59.couple of hours but worth mentioning that Ukip has suffered some internal

:30:00. > :30:03.fighting and party division said the new leader's challenge will not just

:30:04. > :30:14.be setting a new direction and establishing identity but uniting

:30:15. > :30:17.the party as well to go on and enjoy some of the success it has had so

:30:18. > :30:18.far, so a big job for whoever takes over and fills those big Nigel

:30:19. > :30:19.Farage shaped shoes. As she prepares

:30:20. > :30:24.for her final UK tour, we meet Asha Bhosle,

:30:25. > :30:26.the bollywood superstar, whose voice has been heard by more

:30:27. > :30:29.than 2 billion people. And councils are calling for more

:30:30. > :30:31.powers to monitor children being educated at home,

:30:32. > :30:49.and to tackle illegal schools Let us know if you have thoughts on

:30:50. > :30:50.illegal schools. We will discuss them shortly.

:30:51. > :30:54.Here's the BBC Newsroom and a summary of todays news.

:30:55. > :31:02.Flash flooding has hit parts of southern and north-east England

:31:03. > :31:05.after torrential rain. A commuter train derailed in Hertfordshire

:31:06. > :31:10.after a land slide caused by the rain. No injuries. The Environment

:31:11. > :31:16.Agency has issued an amber warning for the south-east of England.

:31:17. > :31:21.Reports of roads and properties hit by flooding in bark her, Hampshire

:31:22. > :31:27.and greater London. And disruption to south-west train services after a

:31:28. > :31:34.lightening strike caused damage to signalling equipment. Also delays on

:31:35. > :31:37.Virgin east coast services. George Osborne said that the new

:31:38. > :31:41.Prime Minister, Theresa May, was the best candidate for the Tory

:31:42. > :31:46.leadership. Mr Osborne accepted he misjudged the

:31:47. > :31:49.public mood in the run-up to Brexit. Now he has launched a fresh

:31:50. > :31:55.initiative in the Northern Power house project. Saying that the

:31:56. > :31:59.north/south divide needs to be resolved.

:32:00. > :32:04.It is an idea that the cities and the councils of the north of England

:32:05. > :32:10.are stronger together than apart. That they are close enough if you

:32:11. > :32:15.bring them together you empower their civic leaderships, making

:32:16. > :32:20.investments in science and arts and above all, investment in transport

:32:21. > :32:23.connections and attract private sector business and investment not

:32:24. > :32:26.just from this country but from around the world.

:32:27. > :32:28.The UK Independence Party today reveals who'll replace

:32:29. > :32:31.Mr Farage resigned in July after the Brexit vote.

:32:32. > :32:34.There are five candidates to succeed him - MEPs

:32:35. > :32:36.Diane James and Bill Etheridge, local councillor Lisa Duffy,

:32:37. > :32:41.and activists Philip Broughton and Elizabeth Jones.

:32:42. > :32:43.The Ministry of Defence has apologised for the death

:32:44. > :32:45.of a 15-year-old Iraqi boy who drowned after he was arrested

:32:46. > :32:47.by British soldiers in Basra in 2003.

:32:48. > :32:50.Ahmad Ali died when he was forced into a river as punishment

:32:51. > :33:00.The personnel involved were cleared of manslaughter

:33:01. > :33:04.But a report by former High Court judge Sir George Newman has

:33:05. > :33:06.raised serious concerns about their behaviour,

:33:07. > :33:14.as well as the training and resources for British forces.

:33:15. > :33:16.The mother of missing British toddler Ben Needham has been told

:33:17. > :33:19.to "prepare for the worst" by detectives who suspect

:33:20. > :33:21.According to the Daily Mirror, British investigators

:33:22. > :33:24.on the Greek island of Kos, where the 21-month-old vanished

:33:25. > :33:27.in 1991, believe he may have been crushed to death by a digger.

:33:28. > :33:33.Forensic teams are reportedly set to begin excavating at two sites

:33:34. > :33:36.close to where Ben was last seen as he played near his

:33:37. > :33:49.Safety regulators in the United States have announced a formal

:33:50. > :33:54.recall of Samsung Galaxy note 7 phones.

:33:55. > :33:56.The South Korean tech giant had already launched a voluntary

:33:57. > :33:58.recall in ten countries after user complaints.

:33:59. > :34:01.It says the problem affects 2 and a half million devices globally,

:34:02. > :34:10.That's a summary of the latest BBC News - more at 10.00.

:34:11. > :34:19.Now the sport. Joanna, Great Britain will break the

:34:20. > :34:26.50 gold medal mark in the Games in Rio today. A quiet night. Four

:34:27. > :34:31.silvers and a gold. But six golds split by the paracanoe and

:34:32. > :34:37.equestrian. Another is guaranteed in the men's wheelchair final. Not a

:34:38. > :34:43.great night for Manchester United, they lost 1-0 against nine order.

:34:44. > :34:48.Jose Mourinho saying he is taking the competition seriously, despite

:34:49. > :34:53.making eight changes to the line up. Southampton, beat Sparta Prague,

:34:54. > :34:56.they have not yet won in the Premier League but Charlie Austin scored

:34:57. > :35:01.twice to get the campaign off to a winning start. England's women

:35:02. > :35:12.return to the top of the euro 2017 qualifying group with a 5-0 win over

:35:13. > :35:19.Estonia. A hat-trick for Danni Carter. And a

:35:20. > :35:23.disappointing visit for Charlie Hull at the Evan championship. She

:35:24. > :35:29.dropped four shots on the final throw holes to end the day eight off

:35:30. > :35:33.the three. More sport after 10.00am. Snrp thank you very much.

:35:34. > :35:36.When the song Brimful of Asha stormed the UK charts -

:35:37. > :35:39.20 years ago - we all loved the song, but we didn't give much

:35:40. > :35:44.So you might be surprised to hear that she's one of the most famous

:35:45. > :35:58.separate songs...more than anyone else - ever.

:35:59. > :36:00.But, unless you've watched a bollywood movie, you're probably

:36:01. > :36:03.She's what's known in the indian film industry

:36:04. > :36:06.That means she sings - and actresses

:36:07. > :36:09.And having reigned for 7 decades in the world of cinema -

:36:10. > :36:13.and now at the grand age of 83 - Asha Bhosle has decided

:36:14. > :36:15.to hang up her headphones - when it comes to live

:36:16. > :36:18.She plays her last concert this Sunday at Wembley.

:36:19. > :36:20.She been speaking exclusively to this programme in her

:36:21. > :36:29.only UK TV interview - with Sangita Myska.

:36:30. > :36:32.OK, so, every single time I have mentioned the name of the person I'm

:36:33. > :36:36.about to meet to a British Asian, this is the reaction that I get.

:36:37. > :36:50.Despite the fact she has recorded more songs than any other person

:36:51. > :36:53.in history and about one quarter of the world's population

:36:54. > :36:55.has heard her voice, the only reason you probably

:36:56. > :37:08.# Well, it's a brimful of Asha on the 45...

:37:09. > :37:11.The Indian movie industry is the biggest on the planet.

:37:12. > :37:14.Known as Bollywood, it makes twice as many movies as Hollywood

:37:15. > :37:20.and sells 1 billion more cinema tickets every year.

:37:21. > :37:30.The vast majority of movies are musicals where onscreen

:37:31. > :37:34.actresses mime to the songs sung by professional singers.

:37:35. > :37:37.Those singers are stars in their own right and they don't

:37:38. > :37:41.get much bigger than the woman who inspired this billboard and,

:37:42. > :37:51.of course, this former UK number one, Asha Bhosle.

:37:52. > :37:55.But this weekend, to the horror of British fans, the woman nicknamed

:37:56. > :37:59.the Last Empress Of Music announced she'll perform for the last time

:38:00. > :38:04.Ahead of that concert, she spoke to us exclusively

:38:05. > :38:07.about her life and music, starting with a quick lesson

:38:08. > :38:10.in the craft of playback singing covering everything from Indian rock

:38:11. > :38:27.And that's what you call, twist?

:38:28. > :38:56.Asha Bhosle recorded her first song in 1943,

:38:57. > :38:59.when black and white musicals were the norm,

:39:00. > :39:01.semiclassical singing was the style and India was still under

:39:02. > :39:10.When her theatre director father died and she married,

:39:11. > :39:15.singing went from being a passion to a way to make ends meet.

:39:16. > :39:21.I sang so many thousand songs, you can't imagine.

:39:22. > :39:24.Night, whole night, whole day, only four hours of sleep,

:39:25. > :39:33.Just tea and biscuits and I'm singing like that.

:39:34. > :39:52.I have to work hard because I want to look after my children.

:39:53. > :39:54.But she was always far more adventurous than her

:39:55. > :39:59.By the 1950s, as newly independent India found her feet,

:40:00. > :40:10.She experimented with western melodies, like rock and roll,

:40:11. > :40:19.and combined perfect pitch with perfect timing.

:40:20. > :40:23.Some of your songs at that time were judged as being too sexy

:40:24. > :40:25.and you were criticised as being a bad

:40:26. > :40:36.The classical singer and this thing and she's singing,

:40:37. > :40:47.Did that ever hurt you, that criticism?

:40:48. > :40:57.And it wasn't just musical taboos that she broke,

:40:58. > :41:03.She married for love, twice, in an age when arranged

:41:04. > :41:09.The first ended in divorce but the second was a happy,

:41:10. > :41:16.creative partnership with composer, R D Burnham.

:41:17. > :41:19.No regreats, because just to go like, you know, the river.

:41:20. > :41:38.If you stop, then the water will be dirty, so go.

:41:39. > :41:47.By the mid 1980s, when she recorded this BBC special, Asha's voice

:41:48. > :41:53.By this stage, two women had dominated the Bollywood playback

:41:54. > :42:02.Asha Bhosle and her sister, Lata Mangeshkar.

:42:03. > :42:04.The gossip columns teamed with stories of rivalry,

:42:05. > :42:08.This is not correct because her style is different,

:42:09. > :42:18.I can sing her style but she's not singing my style.

:42:19. > :42:21.Her style is very different, very sweet and love song and this

:42:22. > :42:27.And I'm singing everything, every language, you know, like that.

:42:28. > :42:37.She's one corner, she's singing here, I'm singing here.

:42:38. > :42:39.In between, nobody can come because our singing

:42:40. > :42:46.Another decade on and Asha Bhosle was so famous that the then

:42:47. > :42:50.president of the Soviet Union, Mikhail Gorbachev, invited

:42:51. > :42:54.her to perform seven dates around the country.

:42:55. > :42:58.But she wasn't just busy with diplomatic missions.

:42:59. > :43:00.There were a string of collaborations with western

:43:01. > :43:06.I met Boy George and I was a fan because his songs,

:43:07. > :43:15.His make up and his clothes and his singing.

:43:16. > :43:31.So, he said, Asha, I am your fan, and I said, no, I am your fan.

:43:32. > :43:34.The singer said she intends to keep those kinds of partnerships

:43:35. > :43:36.going because at 83, it's the pressure, the tension that

:43:37. > :43:40.You must, all the time, there's tension, then you can work,

:43:41. > :43:43.good work, you look good also, because you're always in tension.

:43:44. > :43:45.You're not relaxed like an old person, you know?

:43:46. > :44:15.Well, eventually, but not before it earned her daughter a free meal.

:44:16. > :44:18.My daughter, she went to America and she's sitting in some restaurant

:44:19. > :44:21.and the song was going on, so she's listening, listening,

:44:22. > :44:23.and she told some person that that song, it's about my mother.

:44:24. > :44:26.So, they're so happy they gave her something to eat

:44:27. > :44:36.And she told me that your song, that song is very popular.

:44:37. > :44:38.And she got that record and we listened to this song.

:44:39. > :45:04.# It's a brimful of Asha on the 45...#

:45:05. > :45:08.And now you know who that song was about comedy very cool Asha Bhosle

:45:09. > :45:14.it. Coming up, Bank of England Governor

:45:15. > :45:16.Mark Carney will join us live for a special programme by the BBC School

:45:17. > :45:29.report. Four men are being questioned in

:45:30. > :45:34.Italy to do with the suicide of a woman who had a video of her posted

:45:35. > :45:40.online. She became the subject of jokes and abuse. Tiziana killed

:45:41. > :45:44.herself on Tuesday prompting shock and promote across the country. We

:45:45. > :45:50.can speak to an Italian journalist who joins us from Tuscany. Tell us

:45:51. > :45:54.more about what actually happened, it was a year ago that the video was

:45:55. > :46:00.put on social media? It was a year ago, 2015, when the

:46:01. > :46:06.video was put on social media, and since then Tiziana became the

:46:07. > :46:12.subject of great attention not just from people but from the media as

:46:13. > :46:16.well. She became, if you want, a weather phenomenon at the time

:46:17. > :46:20.because of the videos that were wrongly spread. She thought she

:46:21. > :46:28.could trust these five friends but instead they published those six

:46:29. > :46:34.videos in total around the web, and since then Tiziana started suffering

:46:35. > :46:39.from depression and her only will it was to remove those videos that were

:46:40. > :46:44.causing her so much discomfort and grief.

:46:45. > :46:53.How high profile were her efforts to try to get these videos removed?

:46:54. > :46:57.She has been going through the process and procedures, so basically

:46:58. > :47:04.she reported the case to a lawyer, and then she went to see different

:47:05. > :47:11.experts on the case, and then finally the case was brought to

:47:12. > :47:17.court and we heard just a few days ago the court ruling emerged

:47:18. > :47:21.ordering these videos to be finally removed, so she has been going

:47:22. > :47:25.through the legal and ordinary procedure when things like that

:47:26. > :47:29.happen. She was made fun of, wasn't she, and

:47:30. > :47:35.obviously struggled enormously with it. What will the last year like for

:47:36. > :47:39.her, and how are people reacting to the fact that she has taken her own

:47:40. > :47:44.life? It has been a very hard year for

:47:45. > :47:48.her, not only had she started suffering from depression, realising

:47:49. > :47:54.that her name in all those tapes were around, but also she was

:47:55. > :47:57.obliged, she had to change a name, she changed location, she was not

:47:58. > :48:07.living where she was born any more, she moved to a different region in

:48:08. > :48:14.Italy, and of course in terms of reactions that have been a lot of

:48:15. > :48:19.online abuse criticising her not just on the Internet generally but

:48:20. > :48:24.especially on social media, Twitter, Facebook, so the reaction by the

:48:25. > :48:32.people has been quite strong on that, and this obviously has caused

:48:33. > :48:35.her and prompted this state of discomfort for Tiziana.

:48:36. > :48:43.Four men are now being questioned in connection with what has happened.

:48:44. > :48:51.What is happening with that? Four men have been now under

:48:52. > :48:55.investigation for defamation for what has happened, it is a very

:48:56. > :49:03.serious case now. Justice has to do is discourse. But mainly we are

:49:04. > :49:10.speaking about reactions and what is really striking is the amount of

:49:11. > :49:12.reaction coming not just from the public but also from institutions

:49:13. > :49:20.and also representatives of the media.

:49:21. > :49:25.How are people talking now about what the legacy of her experience

:49:26. > :49:34.and her death might be? There is an interesting case, a

:49:35. > :49:41.newspaper has apologised for having published an article back in 2015 on

:49:42. > :49:46.her on this sort of web phenomenon at the time when the video started

:49:47. > :49:52.to spread. He has apologised, saying, we should have taken more

:49:53. > :49:57.care in doing so. Basically the removal of those videos doesn't

:49:58. > :50:02.solve the case. What really solve the case is the fact that we have to

:50:03. > :50:05.take pause and think about the legacy, especially from a

:50:06. > :50:11.journalistic point of view because of course the way the story had been

:50:12. > :50:13.portrayed back in 2015 is responsible for the way this woman

:50:14. > :50:15.then felt and the suicide, ultimately.

:50:16. > :50:20.Thank you very much. Some 37,000 children

:50:21. > :50:22.in the UK are thought to be home-schooled -

:50:23. > :50:25.but you may be surprised to know That's because there's no obligation

:50:26. > :50:29.on parents to tell the authorities if they decide to educate

:50:30. > :50:41.their children themselves. Local councils want that to change -

:50:42. > :50:44.warning that many home schooled children may actually be attending

:50:45. > :50:46.illegal schools that teach Let's talk now to councillor Richard

:50:47. > :50:50.Watts from the Local Government Association, which represents

:50:51. > :50:51.councils in England and Wales, and Jay Harman from the British

:50:52. > :50:53.Humanist Association, who has done extensive

:50:54. > :51:00.research on illegal schools. Thank you both very much for coming

:51:01. > :51:06.in. Jade, tell us what you believe to be the truth about underground

:51:07. > :51:09.schools? There are lots of illegal schools in this country that we know

:51:10. > :51:13.about, the Department for Education knows about, Ofsted is aware of and

:51:14. > :51:17.certain councils are aware of, and they provide an education which

:51:18. > :51:21.really does not meet any definition of the term education. They teach

:51:22. > :51:27.scripture from dawn until dusk, there is no education of things like

:51:28. > :51:29.history, English, maths or science, certainly no sexual education or

:51:30. > :51:33.anything like that, and these kids grow up in isolation and know

:51:34. > :51:38.nothing about the culture outside. How do you know so much about what

:51:39. > :51:42.goes on in them? Former pupils have come forward to the British Humanist

:51:43. > :51:45.Association to express their concerns, to try and get the issue

:51:46. > :51:49.some exposure and help them to get their experiences out there and go

:51:50. > :51:54.to the authorities and get the issue dealt with. What is your perspective

:51:55. > :52:02.on how it is being dealt with? Historically there has been a

:52:03. > :52:05.tremendous amount of inaction on this, some of the schools have been

:52:06. > :52:08.open for 30, 40 years illegally and nothing has been done about them. At

:52:09. > :52:11.the moment Ofsted are in proving their work, certainly more councils

:52:12. > :52:16.are taking action now, but they're still does not seem to be a legal

:52:17. > :52:22.framework in place to tackled the issue. Bridget, if the schools are

:52:23. > :52:25.illegal and quite a lot is known about them, why are they not been

:52:26. > :52:31.properly dealt with, why is it taking so long for the like to be

:52:32. > :52:33.shone on this? As councils, we would want the Government, the Department

:52:34. > :52:36.for Education and Ofsted to crack down on these, they have the power

:52:37. > :52:40.to crack down on the schools would they are running but although some

:52:41. > :52:44.have been known about for some time many others are not known about and

:52:45. > :52:48.that is one of the concerns we have about the fact that there is no

:52:49. > :52:52.official record of who is home educated because there has been a

:52:53. > :52:56.big increase in home educated children recently, many people think

:52:57. > :53:00.it is to do with the rise in illegal schools, but if we don't know where

:53:01. > :53:04.people are educated we have no way of tracking if they are in and

:53:05. > :53:08.illegal school or being educated very well by loving parents at home.

:53:09. > :53:12.You said the Government and Ofsted should do more to crack down, what

:53:13. > :53:22.powers to local councils have? The Power that the moment are confused.

:53:23. > :53:24.We have a power to safeguard children and make sure they are

:53:25. > :53:27.receiving education, but because we have no power to know who is being

:53:28. > :53:30.home-schooled or not, we simply lack the power was to make those

:53:31. > :53:35.responsibilities to keep children safe reality, there is a loophole in

:53:36. > :53:40.the safeguarding law. Jay, do you think it is fair enough that local

:53:41. > :53:45.authorities are unable to do more, that it falls to the Government and

:53:46. > :53:48.Ofsted? There is a balance to be struck, there has been a lot of

:53:49. > :53:51.passing the buck but the main frustration over the inaction over

:53:52. > :53:56.the years is how little has been done to close the loopholes. We have

:53:57. > :53:59.been identifying for years that there are problems with illegal

:54:00. > :54:03.provisions that allow local authorities to go in and sort things

:54:04. > :54:07.out they should have been sorted out a long time ago. If your perspective

:54:08. > :54:12.is that it is an issue of safeguarding children, then that is

:54:13. > :54:16.a council issue, isn't it? Yes, unfortunately to go into parents

:54:17. > :54:20.homes you need to have clear evidence that there are safeguarding

:54:21. > :54:27.issues and that is sometimes hard to identify. Have councils managed to

:54:28. > :54:31.access cases through that route? Absolutely, we would never go into a

:54:32. > :54:34.parent's home unless we had good reason to think there was a vital

:54:35. > :54:38.reason to do that. The majority of home-schooled kids are educated by

:54:39. > :54:42.loving parents, it is not a problem, but the lack of legal powers to keep

:54:43. > :54:46.a register of who is home-schooled provide a loophole through which

:54:47. > :54:50.kids attending illegal schools can slip. Some of the concern about

:54:51. > :54:54.illegal schools will be about the quality of education but others are

:54:55. > :54:57.the fact that children are being taught by unqualified teachers in

:54:58. > :55:03.unsafe buildings in an environment no child should be educated in will

:55:04. > :55:07.stop if a school is offering 20 hours of lessons a week and is not

:55:08. > :55:10.registered with the Department for Education, Ofsted, local

:55:11. > :55:16.authorities, it is breaking the law, isn't it? Yes. It sounds like it

:55:17. > :55:23.should be straightforward to deal with that in a legal sense? Yes,

:55:24. > :55:24.Ofsted and the DFC have started prosecuting but unfortunately

:55:25. > :55:29.prosecuting individuals that run the schools does not help the children

:55:30. > :55:34.in them and often identifying... But it deals with the issue, doesn't it?

:55:35. > :55:38.As I was going to say, when the schools are identified even if the

:55:39. > :55:41.proprietors are prosecuted they will move elsewhere so enforcement needs

:55:42. > :55:43.to be carried through to ensure children do not remain in the

:55:44. > :56:00.schools. Why do you think prosecutions have not been

:56:01. > :56:02.happening? It has taken some time to rise up the agenda enough for the

:56:03. > :56:04.Department for Education and Ofsted to realise it is a priority,

:56:05. > :56:07.councils have been saying for some time they are concerned about the

:56:08. > :56:09.rise in illegal schooling but we have relied on the Department for

:56:10. > :56:12.Education and Ofsted to use their powers to do something about this.

:56:13. > :56:14.But everyone from the Secretary of State to the Chief Inspector Ofsted

:56:15. > :56:17.have started to identify that this is a problem and we welcome the fact

:56:18. > :56:20.they are doing more about it. However, as Jay said, the trouble is

:56:21. > :56:24.you close one down and another starts up and you don't know about

:56:25. > :56:28.it so it is important to make sure the children are safe as well as

:56:29. > :56:29.going after the actual teachers and proprietors of those schools. That

:56:30. > :56:34.is right. Thank you both very much. We invited the Education Minister

:56:35. > :56:37.on to talk about this, The Department for Education

:56:38. > :56:40.told us it is "cracking down" on illegal schools,

:56:41. > :56:42.with "additional inspectors dedicated to rooting them out"

:56:43. > :56:53.and "a new tougher approach Let's catch up with the weather now,

:56:54. > :56:54.there have been storms and flash flooding in various places so let's

:56:55. > :57:04.get the latest on that. We have gone from exceptional

:57:05. > :57:08.September heat to exceptional September rain. We have had

:57:09. > :57:12.temperatures exceeding 30 degrees over the last few days for the first

:57:13. > :57:16.time in over 80 years. It has been an exceptional run of hot and humid

:57:17. > :57:20.weather but it has all gone bang. Big storms yesterday, the first

:57:21. > :57:24.storm cloud developed and headed across Berkshire, massive storm

:57:25. > :57:28.cloud, the storms have been lighting up the skies overnight, those scenes

:57:29. > :57:34.captured by our weather Watchers, this one showing in Thatcham. There

:57:35. > :57:39.were a number of lightning strikes, not just lightning in the sky but

:57:40. > :57:44.also large claps of thunder and torrential rain overnight. This was

:57:45. > :57:50.the scene in Windsor overnight. We had some very big storms also

:57:51. > :57:54.affecting Bracknell. You can see the lightning strikes. We have seen

:57:55. > :57:58.around half a month of rainfall in the space of a few hours, bringing

:57:59. > :58:02.flooding on the roads, the motorways, affecting railway lines

:58:03. > :58:06.as well but it has not been grim everywhere. This is Cumbria, you can

:58:07. > :58:11.see this straight line of cloud in the sky, this is the back side, if

:58:12. > :58:16.you like, of the weather front, with the sunshine out in Cumbria. Some

:58:17. > :58:21.sunny skies as well in Midlothian, so we have seen glimpses of sunshine

:58:22. > :58:24.around. So far this morning the biggest of the thunderstorms has

:58:25. > :58:29.been to the north of London, really cracking away way across parts of

:58:30. > :58:34.Sussex, into parts of Suffolk and Essex, westwards into

:58:35. > :58:37.Buckinghamshire, Berkshire, Oxfordshire, where the heaviest

:58:38. > :58:41.downpours have been, flooding reported on stretches of the M4 and

:58:42. > :58:49.a landslide reported affecting the train line between parts of, I think

:58:50. > :58:55.just the Lord West of London, Watford, I think. We have had some

:58:56. > :58:59.impact from this storm system, they are getting more widespread through

:59:00. > :59:02.the East Midlands and both went into East Anglia and south-east England

:59:03. > :59:06.through the afternoon. Any storms affecting Scotland will clear out of

:59:07. > :59:09.the way and there will be pleasant sunshine, feeling the pressure

:59:10. > :59:13.compared with recent days. Scotland have had a cloud few days so at

:59:14. > :59:17.least you get some sunshine today. The south-east of England will get

:59:18. > :59:20.torrential storms continuing into the afternoon, the threat of

:59:21. > :59:24.localised transport disruption and budding as well. Further westwards,

:59:25. > :59:30.a fresher day, the sunshine coming out. Overnight tonight, the weather

:59:31. > :59:35.front changes its mind, it was working eastwards, now coming back

:59:36. > :59:40.in Westwood so further rain working into eastern areas of England. By

:59:41. > :59:44.this stage, the rain probably not especially heavy and temperatures in

:59:45. > :59:49.towns and cities between ten and 14 degrees. For the weekend, something

:59:50. > :59:53.for everyone this weekend. There will be sunny spells for many others

:59:54. > :59:56.but ad breaks rain in the north-west of the country on Sunday.

:59:57. > :00:00.Temperatures around normal for the time of year, nowhere near as hot

:00:01. > :00:05.and humid as it has been over recent days. Low pressure keeping the

:00:06. > :00:09.weather settled over the UK for Saturday, cloud and rain across

:00:10. > :00:15.eastern counties, easing off over time just to a lump of cloud by the

:00:16. > :00:17.afternoon. That leaves us with the best of the sunshine across

:00:18. > :00:21.Scotland, north-west England, Wales and the south-west of England, and

:00:22. > :00:27.temperatures climb into the high teens and low 20s, so reasonable

:00:28. > :00:30.whether to start the weekend. By Sunday, a slow-moving weather front

:00:31. > :00:33.into the north-west of the UK will bring heavy rain to the north-west

:00:34. > :00:38.of Scotland and Northern Ireland. For much of England and Wales, a dry

:00:39. > :00:43.picture, some sunny spells but quite a bit of cloud and temperatures into

:00:44. > :00:46.the high teens and low 20s. We have lost the exceptional September heat

:00:47. > :00:48.and replaced it with big storms would -- big storms which will

:00:49. > :00:53.rumble away for a while yet. Welcome to the programme

:00:54. > :02:29.if you've just joined us - A unit in Wallingford in Oxfordshire

:02:30. > :02:35.say it is cannot accept women about to give birth after the rain. There

:02:36. > :02:40.have been several hundred people stuck on the train derailed at

:02:41. > :02:45.Watford after the flash flooding. Sorry, we have a problem with the

:02:46. > :02:47.autocue it is giving me the same stories on a loop. Let me refer to

:02:48. > :02:53.my script. The Environment Agency has issued

:02:54. > :02:55.an amber warning for parts There are reports of roads

:02:56. > :02:58.and properties being hit by flooding across Surrey,

:02:59. > :03:00.Berkshire, Hampshire, There is major disruption

:03:01. > :03:03.to South West train services after a lightning strike caused

:03:04. > :03:06.what the company says is substantial There are also delays

:03:07. > :03:22.on Virgin East Coast services. The 6.19 aam service travelling from

:03:23. > :03:28.Milton Keynes to Euston, London, when it reached north of Watford at

:03:29. > :03:33.7.00am, Network Rail tell us what happened was that a small portion of

:03:34. > :03:37.train derailed. It caused a derailment with a land slide. It hit

:03:38. > :03:41.another train coming in the opposite direction. It is not a serious

:03:42. > :03:45.collision. The other train has been able to carry on in the other

:03:46. > :03:49.direction. The most important thing, no-one has been injured. But it is

:03:50. > :03:54.causing and going to cause disruption. Of course, London

:03:55. > :03:59.Euston, is one of the busiest train stations in London. The West Coast

:04:00. > :04:04.Main Line up and down there north to Glasgow and other northern cities,

:04:05. > :04:09.so two of the lines have reopened but the trains are moving more

:04:10. > :04:12.slowly. Congestion on the line, delays, cancellations for the

:04:13. > :04:15.passengers. We will keep you up-to-date with the

:04:16. > :04:16.impact of the rain throughout the day.

:04:17. > :04:19.The former Chancellor, George Osborne, who was recently

:04:20. > :04:21.sacked as Chancellor by new prime minister Theresa May,

:04:22. > :04:25.has told the BBC that he intends to "fight for the things that I care

:04:26. > :04:29.And he claimed that Mrs May had "a bit of wobble" over committing

:04:30. > :04:31.the government to his idea of a northern powerhouse.

:04:32. > :04:33.Mr Osborne was speaking shortly before he launched his

:04:34. > :04:36.new think tank to champion the powerhouse idea -

:04:37. > :04:37.The Northern Powerhouse Partnership.

:04:38. > :04:41.It's that the cities and counties of the north of England are stronger

:04:42. > :04:46.together than apart, that they are geographically close

:04:47. > :04:49.enough that if you bring them together, you empower their civic

:04:50. > :04:53.leaderships, you make investment in their science and the arts and,

:04:54. > :04:56.above all, make investment in their transport connections,

:04:57. > :05:00.then you will attract private sector business and investment not just

:05:01. > :05:06.from this country but from around the world.

:05:07. > :05:09.The UK Independence Party will today reveal who'll replace

:05:10. > :05:12.Mr Farage resigned in July after the Brexit vote.

:05:13. > :05:16.There are five candidates to succeed him - MEPs

:05:17. > :05:18.Diane James and Bill Etheridge, local councillor Lisa Duffy,

:05:19. > :05:31.and activists Philip Broughton and Elizabeth Jones.

:05:32. > :05:34.The mother of missing British toddler Ben Needham has been told

:05:35. > :05:36.to "prepare for the worst" by detectives who suspect

:05:37. > :05:39.According to the Daily Mirror, British investigators

:05:40. > :05:41.on the Greek island of Kos, where the 21-month-old vanished

:05:42. > :05:44.in 1991, believe he may have been crushed to death by a digger.

:05:45. > :05:47.Forensic teams are reportedly set to begin excavating at two sites

:05:48. > :05:50.close to where Ben was last seen as he played near his

:05:51. > :06:12.An 80-year-old man with Alzheimer's has landed a record deal, after he

:06:13. > :06:19.became a singing sensation. # Tell me, quando, quando, you bring

:06:20. > :06:29.happiness for me # Oh, my darling tell me when...

:06:30. > :06:34.Ted's son discovered that encouraging his father to sing while

:06:35. > :06:40.he drove helped him cope with the disease. He posted the video live

:06:41. > :06:44.which went viral. Ted has been signed to a record company in

:06:45. > :06:51.London. I'm not surprised, he is great.

:06:52. > :06:56.The death of a Chinese actress that sparked debate after refusing

:06:57. > :06:57.chemotherapy in favour of Chinese traditional medicine. Get in touch

:06:58. > :07:01.with us. use the hashtag Victoria LIVE

:07:02. > :07:04.and If you text, you will be charged It may have been a quiet night

:07:05. > :07:08.for Paralympics GB in Rio with 4 silvers and a bronze,

:07:09. > :07:11.but the 6 golds they won earlier in the day means they're set

:07:12. > :07:14.to break the 50 mark for these games and remain well on course

:07:15. > :07:17.to beat their overall Kate Grey is our reporter in Rio

:07:18. > :07:36.and she's been getting some reaction Paralympics GB are well on track to

:07:37. > :07:43.getting to the medal target set before the Games.

:07:44. > :07:46.How pleased are you with the Paralympics performance here, Tracy?

:07:47. > :07:53.I am delighted. And it has been wonderful to see the

:07:54. > :07:59.medal success and to give out some of the medals. Wonderful to do that.

:08:00. > :08:03.Are you surprised? Not really. We set an achievable target before Rio.

:08:04. > :08:07.They are doing that, performing brilliantly in their fields. I think

:08:08. > :08:11.we should all be incredibly proud of what they are doing here.

:08:12. > :08:17.There is such a great mix of experience, there is a great legacy

:08:18. > :08:22.moving through the team? Amazing. And really young athletes achieving

:08:23. > :08:26.so much. 15-year-olds getting swimming medals, the basketball

:08:27. > :08:32.team. It is incredible how well they are doing.

:08:33. > :08:40.Clearly the momentum has continued from London 2012, how do you build

:08:41. > :08:44.on the way to Tokyo? It is important to continue to build, to have the

:08:45. > :08:50.talent programme that we have so that we can have the medals in the

:08:51. > :08:53.future. And to get people to support us by buying the National Lottery

:08:54. > :09:01.tickets to continue with that funding.

:09:02. > :09:06.What has the performance, the inspiration had on the athletes?

:09:07. > :09:10.Very much much. The whole movement of Paralympic sports in Rio has been

:09:11. > :09:14.incredibly successful. I hope it will inspire others to get involved.

:09:15. > :09:21.Thank you very much. The Games draw to a close on Sunday. A couple of

:09:22. > :09:22.more days for the Paralympics GB to finish on a high.

:09:23. > :09:25.Well it's a competition Jose Mourinho alluded

:09:26. > :09:28.to being almost beneath a club with the stature of Manchester

:09:29. > :09:30.United but it certainly didn't look that way,

:09:31. > :09:32.as they LOST their first Europa League

:09:33. > :09:35.group stage match 1- nil to Dutch side Feyenoord,

:09:36. > :09:38.with Mourinho making a large number of changes to the side that lost

:09:39. > :09:53.I looked to this game with proper eyes.

:09:54. > :09:57.You can say I changed eight players, OK, I changed eight players but I

:09:58. > :09:59.played with a good team. I played with enough good players to win the

:10:00. > :10:02.Elsewhere, Southampton won their first Europa League group

:10:03. > :10:04.match 3-nil at home to Sparta Prague.

:10:05. > :10:06.Striker Charlie Austin scored twice with Jay Rodriguez

:10:07. > :10:18.and that, is their first win of the season under

:10:19. > :10:22.England's women returned to the top of their Euro 2017 qualifying group

:10:23. > :10:28.Danielle Carter scored a hat-trick, her second in as many

:10:29. > :10:32.The Lionesses have already qualified for the tournament

:10:33. > :10:47.I'm back with more sport after 10.30am.

:10:48. > :10:49.The former Chancellor, George Osborne has made clear

:10:50. > :10:52.he isn't going to retreat quietly to the backbenches, saying

:10:53. > :10:54.he would fight for the things that he cares about.

:10:55. > :10:56.He's launching a new think-tank to champion his Northern Powerhouse

:10:57. > :10:59.initiative, and has said that despite having a "wobble" over his

:11:00. > :11:01.Northern Powerhouse project, Theresa May has recommitted

:11:02. > :11:07.Our political correspondent Ben Wright is in Westminster for us .

:11:08. > :11:16.Let's bring in Ben Wright. He has been low professional but anyone who

:11:17. > :11:20.thought he was going quietly, may have choke theed on their Corn

:11:21. > :11:23.Flakes this morning? You are right. Two months after being sacked by

:11:24. > :11:31.Theresa May on her first day in Downing Street, he was the first to

:11:32. > :11:34.be dispatched. George Osborne has reemerged on the Radio 4 programme

:11:35. > :11:39.talking to Nick Robinson, asked whether he would stay in politics,

:11:40. > :11:45.that he would be. He would not be writing his hem wares as he doesn't

:11:46. > :11:51.know how the story will end. So somebody who clearly sees his

:11:52. > :11:56.future in politics, working out how to come back to front line politics.

:11:57. > :12:00.He was asked by Nick to discuss his relationship with Theresa May, Ed

:12:01. > :12:07.Davey, a Lib Dem Cabinet Minister in the coalition said yesterday that

:12:08. > :12:10.George Osborne and Theresa May had a rotten relationship, and Nick

:12:11. > :12:21.Robinson asked him about that this morning. I have worked with Theresa

:12:22. > :12:25.May for 20 years. She is a person of integrity and intelligence and

:12:26. > :12:29.frankly, one of the grown ups. You described her as the best person

:12:30. > :12:37.of the candidates who put themselves forward. That is not the greatest

:12:38. > :12:43.praise I have ever heard? I do genuinely think... Were there better

:12:44. > :12:47.people who put themselves forward? In that contest, the people were the

:12:48. > :12:50.best chance of bringing a divide Conservative Party together. I voted

:12:51. > :12:55.for Theresa May, she was absolutely the best person for the job.

:12:56. > :13:00.He is launching his own initiative on the Northern Power house is that

:13:01. > :13:06.as he does not trust Theresa May to see through what he was talking

:13:07. > :13:18.about in power? This was a project of his when in power, linking up the

:13:19. > :13:22.northern incity tuitions, and linking of transport and councils

:13:23. > :13:26.and governments. The Government say it will continue the plans but he

:13:27. > :13:31.wants to keep the pedal to the floor. It is a way for him defining

:13:32. > :13:35.himself. When Theresa May entered Downing Street, she said she wanted

:13:36. > :13:41.to govern for everybody, not the privileged few. It was a bit of a

:13:42. > :13:46.dig at the Cameron/Osborne era. Today was an example of him seeking

:13:47. > :13:52.to define himself, setting out the priorities he believes in, so the

:13:53. > :13:58.Northern Power house idea, he was cool about the plans for the change

:13:59. > :14:01.of grammar schools, and so George Osborne reemerging after two months

:14:02. > :14:06.of silence, and telling Westminster he is not going anywhere, he will be

:14:07. > :14:08.a prominent voice over the next few years.

:14:09. > :14:12.The death of a young Chinese actress from cancer has sparked

:14:13. > :14:14.a debate on social media because she initially

:14:15. > :14:15.chose traditional Chinese medicine over chemotherapy.

:14:16. > :14:18.26-year-old Xu Ting was diagnosed with lymphoma, a form of cancer that

:14:19. > :14:27.affects the immune system, earlier this year.

:14:28. > :14:36.What happened with this actress? It is a sad story because Xu Ting was

:14:37. > :14:39.only 26 when she died. She had been diagnosed with lymphoma and said she

:14:40. > :14:44.was reluctant to take chemotherapy. There were several reasons for that,

:14:45. > :14:46.she said she had seen friends with cancer sufferer under chemotherapy,

:14:47. > :14:51.she was not convinced it was work and was worried about it affecting

:14:52. > :14:56.her looks and the costs, so she decided to go from traditional

:14:57. > :15:00.Chinese medicine, therapies like acupuncture, blood-letting and

:15:01. > :15:05.cupping. It did not seem to work, or at least her condition got work, --

:15:06. > :15:10.got worse, so towards the end of August she started chemotherapy but

:15:11. > :15:15.sadly died on the 7th of September. How popular is Chinese medicine

:15:16. > :15:18.today? It is a big thing in China, a lot of my friends use techniques

:15:19. > :15:22.like acupuncture and say it is better for conditions like back pain

:15:23. > :15:26.than Western medicine, it has been established for thousands of years

:15:27. > :15:29.so the Chinese people take a lot of pride in it. But critics argue the

:15:30. > :15:32.benefits have not been scientifically proven and more

:15:33. > :15:37.research is needed so it is worth pointing out it is not just people

:15:38. > :15:44.in China who follow traditional Chinese medicine, athletes like

:15:45. > :15:47.Michael Phelps at the Olympics were using coping to help with back pain.

:15:48. > :15:50.What has the reaction been to her death? There has been a lot of

:15:51. > :15:54.debate online about whether Chinese medicine works or not. Her fans had

:15:55. > :15:58.been begging her after she announced her lymphoma, telling her to please

:15:59. > :16:02.get chemotherapy. One comment said, your belief in Chinese medicine is

:16:03. > :16:06.endless, please listen to your doctor and go for chemotherapy. But

:16:07. > :16:10.supporters of traditional Chinese medicine have been fighting back,

:16:11. > :16:13.arguing that a lot of cancer patients are treated with

:16:14. > :16:19.chemotherapy and might still die but it does not mean Western medicine is

:16:20. > :16:22.a sham, so the debate goes on. Thank you very much.

:16:23. > :16:24.Last week he was facing MPs over his views on Brexit -

:16:25. > :16:27.today Mark Carney, the Governor of the Bank of England,

:16:28. > :16:30.may have an even tougher audience to please when he faces questions

:16:31. > :16:39.The Governor has agreed to a question-and-answer session

:16:40. > :16:42.with 11-16-year-olds across the UK as part of BBC News School Report -

:16:43. > :16:45.a project which gives thousands of young people the chance to get

:16:46. > :16:47.involved with the news and to share their stories.

:16:48. > :16:50.In a moment we'll cross live to a school in the West Midlands

:16:51. > :16:53.but first let's take a look at how a Canadian came to be

:16:54. > :18:12.They've got half an hour to ask him whatever they like.

:18:13. > :18:16.Let's join them now, live at a school in the West Midlands -

:18:17. > :18:27.Good morning. Welcome to BBC News School Report

:18:28. > :18:31.life, I will be with you for the next half-hour as young people

:18:32. > :18:34.questioned one of the most influential people in the country,

:18:35. > :18:39.the governor of the bank of the, Mark Carney. We are live in Coventry

:18:40. > :18:43.but school reporters from across the UK will get the opportunity to ask

:18:44. > :18:49.their questions and you can join us as well by going to the BBC News

:18:50. > :18:54.Facebook page. We are also on stab chat as well. Lots of questions to

:18:55. > :18:57.get through in the next half an hour but first, BBC School Report, please

:18:58. > :19:00.welcome your guest, the governor of the Bank of England, Mr Mark Carney.

:19:01. > :19:15.APPLAUSE Thank you all, thank you, Tina.

:19:16. > :19:20.Thank you for being patient, I'm sorry I was late, late for school

:19:21. > :19:23.yet again, the story of my life! But I'm looking forward to having this

:19:24. > :19:28.discussion with all of you and the questions brought in from around the

:19:29. > :19:35.country. I want to just touch on three things to get us started, if I

:19:36. > :19:39.made. First, how I got here. Not coming up on the train, getting in a

:19:40. > :19:43.car and getting the late, but being governor of the Bank of England.

:19:44. > :19:47.Secondly, a bit about what the Bank of England does, and thirdly a bit

:19:48. > :19:51.of the economy and how it is changing and what it means for all

:19:52. > :19:56.of you. B say up front that it is a total accident of history that I

:19:57. > :20:00.became the Bank of England, I think a number of people in the UK are

:20:01. > :20:05.still wondering how it happened or whether it should have happened. I

:20:06. > :20:09.was born in Fort Smith in the far north of Canada, a town of about

:20:10. > :20:13.2000 people. I grew up in a city called Edmonton which, at the time,

:20:14. > :20:23.was about the size of Coventry and I went to a school just like this. I

:20:24. > :20:30.was fortunate to have teachers who motivated me to find out about the

:20:31. > :20:33.world and explore horizons, and as I studied I became interested in

:20:34. > :20:36.economics. Not everyone is interested in economics but I became

:20:37. > :20:41.interested in economics because I thought it explained how the world

:20:42. > :20:47.was interconnected, how it worked, and how it could be made better. So,

:20:48. > :20:50.after university, I worked as an economist in the private sector and

:20:51. > :20:55.then the public sector. The key point I want to get across, I did

:20:56. > :20:59.not have a fixed plan, some sort of grand vision that I would end appear

:21:00. > :21:04.today, but I was doing something that I like to, something that I had

:21:05. > :21:11.a passion about, and if you do that, you will succeed. It is hard to tell

:21:12. > :21:15.exactly where or when, whether it is in sports, in drama, in economics,

:21:16. > :21:24.in literature, whatever, engineering, you will succeed. What

:21:25. > :21:28.happens in life, this is something John Lennon said, life is what

:21:29. > :21:33.happens when you are making other plans, John Lennon, by the way, was

:21:34. > :21:40.a member of the Beatles! The Beatles were a rock band in the 60s, I

:21:41. > :21:43.should point that out! What I find is whenever I meet people who are

:21:44. > :21:46.old enough to remember who the Beatles were, they are normally

:21:47. > :21:52.surprised at where their career has taken them, but whether they are

:21:53. > :21:57.happy depends on whether or not they have followed their passions, said

:21:58. > :22:04.that is my first point, that is my tiny bit of career advice to you.

:22:05. > :22:09.Secondly, I just wanted to touch on what the Bank of England actually

:22:10. > :22:14.does. It was founded in 1694, over 300 years ago, and its original

:22:15. > :22:18.mission in 1694 is still the mission today, to promote the good of the

:22:19. > :22:23.people of the United Kingdom, and then we add on, how do we do that?

:22:24. > :22:27.By maintaining monetary and financial stability. Let me explain

:22:28. > :22:32.that, but does that mean? It basically means a series of things

:22:33. > :22:38.to do with money. So, the first thing we do is we print money, we

:22:39. > :22:43.create the banknotes that people use and actually this week we have just

:22:44. > :22:48.launched the new ?5 note that have Winston Churchill on one side and

:22:49. > :22:52.Her Majesty The Queen on the other. My colleagues, I hope, will pass a

:22:53. > :22:56.few around so you can look at them and see how they are different.

:22:57. > :23:02.Everyone who asks a nice question of me can keep one! What you will see

:23:03. > :23:06.with these banknotes is they are different, they are made of polymer,

:23:07. > :23:11.a type of plastic, cleaner, safer, stronger as a result, which means

:23:12. > :23:15.they can last a spin in a washing machine, they can be crumbled and

:23:16. > :23:20.folded, they can go through many trials and tribulations and still

:23:21. > :23:23.hold their shape, and then they are much more difficult to counter bid,

:23:24. > :23:28.so you can use them with confidence and don't have to worry that they

:23:29. > :23:32.are counterfeit. The second thing the Bank of England does with

:23:33. > :23:36.respect to money is we process it. Every transaction, every single

:23:37. > :23:41.payment in this country ultimately settles through the Bank of England.

:23:42. > :23:49.That totals, in a single day, to about half ?1 trillion of payments,

:23:50. > :23:58.?3 million per second. We have the systems that ultimately make those

:23:59. > :24:03.payments. The bird think we do with respect to money is keep its value.

:24:04. > :24:06.-- the third thing. We keep inflation low, stable and

:24:07. > :24:10.predictable, which means we sometimes have to change interest

:24:11. > :24:14.rates, sometimes have to engage in purchasing assets, and that is what

:24:15. > :24:18.we announced a few weeks ago, a series of initiatives in order to

:24:19. > :24:26.make sure that inflation remained low and stable as this economy was

:24:27. > :24:29.adjusting, and it will adjust, to the decision to leave the European

:24:30. > :24:34.Union. We want to make sure we can support jobs and wages while we go

:24:35. > :24:38.through these adjustments. The final think we do with respect to money if

:24:39. > :24:42.we make sure it is secure. It is secure in the banks and the

:24:43. > :24:46.financial system is robust. The last thing you want to worry about is the

:24:47. > :24:51.ability to take your hard earned savings out of a bag when you want

:24:52. > :24:56.it, and we want to make sure that our system can absorb shocks that

:24:57. > :25:00.might happen around the world so that people in Coventry and across

:25:01. > :25:04.the United Kingdom can just get on with their daily lives. So what we

:25:05. > :25:09.do in the end is support confidence in money, in all aspects of life.

:25:10. > :25:15.The thing about money, though, it is not an end, it is an means to an

:25:16. > :25:19.end. The reason we have money is to finance companies, to help companies

:25:20. > :25:23.produce the goods and services we all use, to help charities do their

:25:24. > :25:30.jobs, to help support the arts, culture and sport. What money really

:25:31. > :25:33.does, what the financial system does, is help our economy to adjust

:25:34. > :25:38.and most importantly Advanta, and that brings me to my last point,

:25:39. > :25:45.which is around the pace of change and the future of the economy. It is

:25:46. > :25:48.fair to say that the economy is changing and advancing in a much

:25:49. > :25:54.more rapid rate than it had in the past. There are a series of economic

:25:55. > :25:59.and technological, even cultural shifts, that are changing how we

:26:00. > :26:03.communicate and live, and this is an example of what the BBC has put on

:26:04. > :26:08.in the way it is networked in and students from across the country,

:26:09. > :26:14.using multiple channels, can reach people across the country from

:26:15. > :26:19.Snapchat to live broadcast. That is an example of some of the changes.

:26:20. > :26:24.These are tremendous breakthroughs that brings tremendous

:26:25. > :26:31.opportunities. Yours is a generation that will seize the opportunities

:26:32. > :26:37.from communications to biotech, all these different types of engineering

:26:38. > :26:47.that will change the way we work and live and enjoy ourselves. In the

:26:48. > :26:53.coming age, you will grow up, in your careers, in a system where

:26:54. > :26:58.anyone can produce anything anywhere through 3-D printing. Where anyone

:26:59. > :27:04.can broadcast a performance globally to a variety of channels, that is

:27:05. > :27:08.true today. And where any business or even service, ultimately, can

:27:09. > :27:12.sell their goods and services to places as far afield as China, you

:27:13. > :27:16.do not have to be a big multinational, you can be a small

:27:17. > :27:21.business located right here in Coventry or where I grew up in

:27:22. > :27:24.Canada. So there is really a tremendous opportunity for what I

:27:25. > :27:31.would call mass creativity, to use your imagination is to create things

:27:32. > :27:38.and take advantage of that. And in order to truly take advantage of

:27:39. > :27:42.that, all it really requires is a dedication to learning, continuous

:27:43. > :27:45.learning, and, to go back to my first point, the easiest way to

:27:46. > :27:49.learn continuously, the most enjoyable way, ultimately the most

:27:50. > :27:56.productive way, is to learn about things that you care about. What

:27:57. > :28:04.interests you, your passions. So the purpose, as I understand it, of the

:28:05. > :28:09.BC school report, this element, is just to expose you to different

:28:10. > :28:14.careers, opportunities, parts of the economy and society that might

:28:15. > :28:18.interest you, to allow you to expand your imaginations in terms of what

:28:19. > :28:22.is possible, because if I can be standing here as the governor of the

:28:23. > :28:25.Bank of England, you can do whatever you want. With that, I will join

:28:26. > :28:33.Tina... APPLAUSE

:28:34. > :28:37.Thank you very much. OK, let's get on with the question

:28:38. > :28:45.the first one is from here and it is from Martina. Hello, I have got a

:28:46. > :28:51.question from Melanie from London, and she is asking, how is your job

:28:52. > :28:57.relevant to people like us? A couple of things, what I have just said,

:28:58. > :29:03.which is it is relevant because young people like yourselves and the

:29:04. > :29:07.lady who asked the question can do my job if they want in the forms of

:29:08. > :29:13.time if that is the type of thing they are interested in. More

:29:14. > :29:17.broadly, it is relevant because if I and my colleagues do our job

:29:18. > :29:21.properly, if we deal with all these issues related to money, you don't

:29:22. > :29:25.have to worry about them. In other words you don't have to worry about

:29:26. > :29:28.the financial system being there, it will be there. You don't have to

:29:29. > :29:33.worry about inflation, you don't have to worry whether or not your

:29:34. > :29:38.bank that is counterfeit, you can focus on, quite frankly, what for

:29:39. > :29:45.most people are more interesting things, your passions. The second

:29:46. > :29:52.question is from Kieran. Hello, I have got a question from grace, 14,

:29:53. > :29:54.from Glasgow. She asks, why do we still have pennies when we cannot

:29:55. > :30:01.buy anything with them? Good question! A very good question! It

:30:02. > :30:06.is a question for the Royal Mint, who produced the pennies. We produce

:30:07. > :30:11.the banknotes. I will say that in a number of other countries, because

:30:12. > :30:16.the penny is not used very frequently, and, to be honest, I

:30:17. > :30:20.rarely use them as well, they have done away with the penny and one of

:30:21. > :30:25.the interesting thing is, in Canada, New Zealand, Australia, they have

:30:26. > :30:34.done away or the equivalent, and what they did in each of those cases

:30:35. > :30:36.is use the existing pennies, they give people the opportunity to

:30:37. > :30:40.donate goes to charity as a transition and it was very

:30:41. > :30:46.successful, but it is a decision for other people, and they are still

:30:47. > :30:51.very much legal tender and can be used to buy things. Do you think it

:30:52. > :30:55.is a good idea? At some point, I made the point that we keep

:30:56. > :31:00.inflation low, stable, predictable, but what that means, what Parliament

:31:01. > :31:06.tells us to do is what we have to do, is to make sure it averages

:31:07. > :31:10.about 2% a year... Inflation is how you measure the cost of living?

:31:11. > :31:16.Exactly, the cost of a chocolate bar or other goods should go up by 2%

:31:17. > :31:23.every year, and ideally wages go up more than that so people are getting

:31:24. > :31:27.ahead. But the point was that over time that means the value of a

:31:28. > :31:32.penny, the real value of what a penny can buy, as by the question,

:31:33. > :31:35.goes down, and so at some point it does make sense. So it is not worth

:31:36. > :31:42.much and probably costs more to produce? Exactly.

:31:43. > :31:55.OK, Spencer has the next question. Why should we resave money in a bank

:31:56. > :32:06.when the interest rates are so low? Why, the interest rates have been

:32:07. > :32:10.cut to 027? Well, when I save, it to put money aside for a bigger

:32:11. > :32:16.purchase in the future. In your life, there will be times

:32:17. > :32:21.when you get money, you maybe get a gift for your birthday or a holiday,

:32:22. > :32:26.maybe in the summer in a few years you do a summer job and you get some

:32:27. > :32:31.money, you don't want to spend all of that money immediately,

:32:32. > :32:36.necessarily, as you may want to save up for a Wii or a bike or something.

:32:37. > :32:40.Ultimately people save for a house and they have to put the money

:32:41. > :32:44.aside. The reason for the money bag in the bank is that the bank is

:32:45. > :32:50.secure and the money is there for them when they have to take it out.

:32:51. > :32:54.Those are some reasons to save. But we recognise by keeping the interest

:32:55. > :32:59.rates so low, we are giving incentives for people to spend or

:33:00. > :33:09.invest in riskier things. Spencer, does that make sense? Yes.

:33:10. > :33:16.Melissa? We know you for being the head of the Bank of England but as a

:33:17. > :33:24.child, what was a nickname you were given by friends and relatives? Oh,

:33:25. > :33:33.dear, as a child?! Well, you can tell us the ones that people call

:33:34. > :33:42.you now, if there are any? . I was given nicknames which were a variant

:33:43. > :33:52.of my name, Carnigae. That is a good one.

:33:53. > :33:56.I liked that more than Carn I value. Canned woodland High school asks

:33:57. > :34:00.what is the best and the worst part of your role as the governor of the

:34:01. > :34:05.Bank of England? The best and the worst part of your job? The best

:34:06. > :34:10.part of my job, you may expect me to say this but the best part of the

:34:11. > :34:16.job are things like this, I have the privilege, I get to go around the

:34:17. > :34:20.country. I often go to schools, I get to go to businesses. I see

:34:21. > :34:25.really interesting businesses across the UK. I learn something from them,

:34:26. > :34:31.talk to people moving forward, inventing and moving ahead. I find

:34:32. > :34:35.that exciting. What we do at the bank is high-level in many respects.

:34:36. > :34:45.We make big decisions about interest rates and where the economy is going

:34:46. > :34:48.but it is really nice it is fun, it is interesting and it's energising

:34:49. > :35:02.to see the decisions in the economy. That is the best thing.

:35:03. > :35:05.In terms of the worst thing... Well, I-it's probably a, candidly, it is

:35:06. > :35:11.that the nature of international meetings means that they are always

:35:12. > :35:15.on the weekend. So it means that one out of every three weekends I have

:35:16. > :35:20.to go somewhere to work for the weekend, then I come back. That is

:35:21. > :35:25.probably the worst thing. But that is not too bad. I don't think that

:35:26. > :35:31.anyone feels sorry for me, that I had to go to China a couple of weeks

:35:32. > :35:34.ago or Washington in the next few weeks. Even the worst things are

:35:35. > :35:41.good. What would you say that the toughest

:35:42. > :35:46.day in your job has been so far? The toughest day, that was the night,

:35:47. > :35:52.the overnight/morning of the referendum result.

:35:53. > :35:57.The reason that was a tough day was not because of the results but

:35:58. > :36:01.because we had put in place a bunch of plans, so we had planned for

:36:02. > :36:05.either outcome but in order to make sure that the plans worked we had to

:36:06. > :36:10.have a huge number of people co-ordinating with here in the UK

:36:11. > :36:14.and people who do my types of jobs around the world and ensure that

:36:15. > :36:20.everyone did the right thing at the right time so that nobody noticed

:36:21. > :36:27.any ripples as a result of it. That was tough because you have what

:36:28. > :36:33.we would call an execution, a plan but you have to put it into place

:36:34. > :36:36.and there is always concern that it won't work perfectly or you have not

:36:37. > :36:40.anticipated everything or that somehow or another it will not

:36:41. > :36:45.execute the way it should. Would you say it worked? For that

:36:46. > :36:49.part of it definitely worked. Everything that I said about money

:36:50. > :36:55.that was supposed to happen happened and people could move on from there.

:36:56. > :37:00.We have more questions on Brexit to come back to but the next question,

:37:01. > :37:05.I bet you can't wait for those but the next question is from Amy,

:37:06. > :37:15.please. If it was your choice to spend the UK's money on anything,

:37:16. > :37:19.what would you spend it on? If it was your choice to spend all of the

:37:20. > :37:26.UK's money on anything, what would you spend it on? It's a very good

:37:27. > :37:32.question. That's a fantastic question.

:37:33. > :37:38.I would not spend it on one thing. I would be a real economist. I would

:37:39. > :37:47.go to the university down the road, the thing about consuming one thing,

:37:48. > :37:52.whether it is a Dairy Milk that I like or watching my favourite show

:37:53. > :37:57.on TV or listening to a band or doing any one thing is that after a

:37:58. > :38:02.certain period of time it becomes less enjoyable, less and less

:38:03. > :38:08.enjoyable. In everything in economics there is a fancy term for

:38:09. > :38:12.that, diminishing marginal utility but the point is that one likes

:38:13. > :38:20.variety after a while. What are the top three? The top

:38:21. > :38:27.three things I would spend it on-jeez! I would spend it on Dairy

:38:28. > :38:31.Milk. Other chocolate bars are available!

:38:32. > :38:38.I would buy tickets to a football match. I would see my favourite

:38:39. > :38:41.team. Of course, Coventry City is the favourite in the championships

:38:42. > :38:53.but Everton in the Premiership. Sorry about that! I would... This

:38:54. > :38:59.is... It's a tough question. . It's a great question. I will give

:39:00. > :39:03.you an generational answer. I would spend it on music. And of course you

:39:04. > :39:07.don't have to spend it on music anymore but a streaming service but

:39:08. > :39:10.I tend to spend money on music when I can. So old records and things

:39:11. > :39:16.like that. Amy, what do you think about that?

:39:17. > :39:20.It's a very good decision! You have Amy's approval.

:39:21. > :39:23.Thank you. That is the highest praise I have ever received. No-one

:39:24. > :39:33.has ever said that for me. Thank you! William? This is from a girl

:39:34. > :39:38.called Katelyn, aged 16, if you could give advice to your younger

:39:39. > :39:47.self, financial advice, what would it be? So, financial advice to your

:39:48. > :39:53.younger self, what would it be? Cast your mind back.

:39:54. > :39:58.What I would have done, I would have taken a portion of the money I

:39:59. > :40:03.saved, as I always try to save something of what I earn, even as a

:40:04. > :40:10.discipline. I would have taken some of that money and put it in some

:40:11. > :40:18.sort of equity fund. Something that was not just a pure savings vehicle.

:40:19. > :40:22.Now, I ended up, my younger self ended up owing money for student

:40:23. > :40:26.loans, so I did not have a lot of money to save it became more about

:40:27. > :40:31.paying back the loans but it is not a bad thing when you are young to

:40:32. > :40:35.have something that will grow, which has a higher risk but you have a

:40:36. > :40:40.long life so you can ride out the risk. So having something in equity

:40:41. > :40:45.would have made sense. Did you make mistakes with money

:40:46. > :40:49.when you were younger? Of course. I didn't follow my advice all the time

:40:50. > :40:55.of when you get a gift, don't spend it all right away.

:40:56. > :41:00.I didn't always shop around for the best deal, if you will, on interest

:41:01. > :41:05.rates or on a loan. I lost money.

:41:06. > :41:12.I lost money, lots of times. By the way, with eneed all of the

:41:13. > :41:20.fivers back! Just kidding! The next question comes from Louise. Amal

:41:21. > :41:25.would like to know what we would do with the money when the monarch

:41:26. > :41:29.changes. So, Amal would like to know what

:41:30. > :41:36.would happen if the Queen decided to retire? What would happen to the

:41:37. > :41:41.cash? If, well, we have the monarch on the banknote. Yes, if for

:41:42. > :41:48.whatever reason, the monarch were to change, we would have the new

:41:49. > :41:52.monarch on one side of the banknote representing the Head of State and

:41:53. > :41:56.that's appropriate. That would come in over time. It would take a bit of

:41:57. > :42:00.time to make sure that we had the designs and the prints and the

:42:01. > :42:06.things to come out. What happens to all of the existing money? Well, you

:42:07. > :42:12.have the examples of the new fivers coming around. So the existing ones

:42:13. > :42:16.in circulation, the ones made of paper, those will come out of

:42:17. > :42:20.circulation by the 5th of May of next year.

:42:21. > :42:25.So gradually as those old fivers come back to the bank they will

:42:26. > :42:29.trade new fivers for the old ones and we pull them from circulation.

:42:30. > :42:33.By the time we get to May of next year, if you have an old fiver, you

:42:34. > :42:37.would have to come to the Bank of England or mail it to us and we

:42:38. > :42:41.would give you a new fiver for you. So we take it out of circulation

:42:42. > :42:48.fairly quickly. How many of you have seen the new

:42:49. > :42:54.fiver? Quite a few... Mark is handing them out later! We have had

:42:55. > :42:58.lots of questions on Brexit, a Sianed way to say that Britain

:42:59. > :43:12.exited the European Union after the referendum in June. A question from

:43:13. > :43:13.Yasser, please. How were you made away of the Brexit result and what

:43:14. > :43:30.was your first thought? I took a two-hour nap until about

:43:31. > :43:33.1.30am in the morning. And the plan, I mentioned the plan forum rum

:43:34. > :43:38.night, the plan was that other people would come in at 3.00am.

:43:39. > :43:43.There are a bunch of people that worked on the market side as we

:43:44. > :43:48.monitor the markets and act I have in the foreign exchange. They were

:43:49. > :43:52.in all through the night. I got into the office at 3.30am. And as

:43:53. > :43:56.everybody else, I didn't have special information but as the polls

:43:57. > :44:02.were coming in, being reported on the BBC, I could see where the

:44:03. > :44:08.result was coming. My reaction was to make sure that

:44:09. > :44:13.the big plan that we had, that was being put in place and to ensure

:44:14. > :44:18.that everybody was doing what they needed to do, including, I knew that

:44:19. > :44:23.I would likely have to make a statement in the morning. I gave a

:44:24. > :44:29.little more thought to what I was going to say than I had in the days

:44:30. > :44:33.in the run-up when I made a draft. You spoke about it being the

:44:34. > :44:37.toughest day in your job so far, is that partly as you were criticised

:44:38. > :44:42.for taking sides at the time, saying it is a risk to leave? No, not at

:44:43. > :44:47.all. The concern was really about getting

:44:48. > :44:51.it right. It clearly, you know, the referendum could have gone either

:44:52. > :44:55.way, that is why you have the votes, it is absolutely our responsibility,

:44:56. > :45:02.the Bank of England to be prepared for these types of contingencies. We

:45:03. > :45:08.had everybody in the world in the financial world focussed on this

:45:09. > :45:13.event and we had to get it right. I, I felt a tremendous

:45:14. > :45:21.responsibility to make sure we had prepared properly and we executed as

:45:22. > :45:26.well as possible. That's a strain. It's interesting, to be frank, it is

:45:27. > :45:31.exciting, it's important, I think we did get it right. But it was a tough

:45:32. > :45:32.day. It is like a big game. It is exciting but it is also tough.

:45:33. > :45:43.Thank you. The next question is from James.

:45:44. > :45:47.Which countries outside of the EU do you see as trading allies

:45:48. > :45:50.post-Brexit and from your experience of working around the world which

:45:51. > :45:56.countries are the best to do business with and why? Which

:45:57. > :46:00.countries outside of the EU do you see is our most likely trading

:46:01. > :46:05.allies post-Brexit? The first thing to say is one of the tremendous

:46:06. > :46:13.things about this economy, for centuries, is it has been one of the

:46:14. > :46:18.most open economies in the world. Look at this region, you think about

:46:19. > :46:23.Jaguar Land Rover, the aerospace industry, a huge history of great

:46:24. > :46:30.exporting companies in the UK, and most countries want to trade with

:46:31. > :46:36.the UK. There are a number of countries, including my home

:46:37. > :46:40.country, Canada, Australia, a number of the big emerging markets who I am

:46:41. > :46:48.confident will want to have deeper trading relationships with the UK

:46:49. > :46:50.because of what the UK has to offer in business and services,

:46:51. > :46:59.manufacturing, design, culture, financial services. So the

:47:00. > :47:04.opportunity is very large. The other thing I will say is one of the

:47:05. > :47:09.things that is exciting about technology and whether global

:47:10. > :47:16.economy is going is that trade is no longer limited to just big firms. Or

:47:17. > :47:20.even medium-sized firms. You can be a small firm, three to five people,

:47:21. > :47:27.based here and you can sell around the world. And that is increasingly

:47:28. > :47:30.going to be the case, and that is tremendously exciting and it should

:47:31. > :47:34.be exciting for all of you but it really plays to the strengths of the

:47:35. > :47:41.UK, because this is a really truly innovative country. If you had to

:47:42. > :47:44.pick one, because James wanted to know the best countries were doing

:47:45. > :47:55.business with? Well, Canada, clearly!

:47:56. > :47:59.Amy has a question next. Max, 15, from Glasgow, wants to know if

:48:00. > :48:03.Scotland was to become an independent country, but we still be

:48:04. > :48:13.able to use the pound sterling? So if Scotland remained in the EU?

:48:14. > :48:15.Right, this was a big issue a few years ago when there was an

:48:16. > :48:21.independence referendum in Scotland, and one of the challenges which was

:48:22. > :48:26.part of the debate, it is a technical issue but an important

:48:27. > :48:33.technical issue, is that in order to share a currency, so for Scotland as

:48:34. > :48:37.an independent country, if it were ever an independent country, if it

:48:38. > :48:42.wanted to share the pound sterling, you need to share some degree of

:48:43. > :48:47.sovereignty, so you cannot be fully independent and have a stable

:48:48. > :48:53.currency union. So there is a tension between the two and part of

:48:54. > :48:58.the reason for that, there is a variety of economic reasons, but

:48:59. > :49:02.part of the reason for that goes back to the fourth thing I talked

:49:03. > :49:06.about in terms of money and what the Bank of England does about making

:49:07. > :49:13.sure the banks are secure, stable, the cars it is much harder to ensure

:49:14. > :49:18.that is the case if you share a currency but don't have some common

:49:19. > :49:23.what is called fiscal arrangements, some common flows of money across

:49:24. > :49:33.Government level. We are running out of time so I will speed up a bit.

:49:34. > :49:38.This question from Jay next. I'm 13 from Whitley Academy. My question

:49:39. > :49:46.is, who was easier to work with, David Cameron or Theresa May? I am

:49:47. > :49:51.glad he asked that! Fantastic! They are both very professional,

:49:52. > :49:57.incredibly easy to work with, both focused on making the country

:49:58. > :50:01.better. And that holds for the Chancellor 's I have worked with

:50:02. > :50:05.both here and in Canada. These individuals have a lot of pressure

:50:06. > :50:12.on them but they are trying to do the right thing and do it in a way

:50:13. > :50:16.that, when they could across what I do in a way that is based on the

:50:17. > :50:23.facts and the best judgments. Does that answer your question? It does.

:50:24. > :50:29.That is good! Quickfire questions, dream job, not the one you are

:50:30. > :50:34.doing? Ice hockey goalie in the NHL. What TV programme is your guilty

:50:35. > :50:40.pleasure? Great British Bake Off. Most expensive luxury you have

:50:41. > :50:50.brought? Pass, I can't think. Favourite film. Gallipoli. Favourite

:50:51. > :50:57.food. Peter. How much money do you have a new now? I know I have a new

:50:58. > :51:07.five in my pocket but about ?40 in my bag. Spend or save a? At the

:51:08. > :51:15.moment, favour. Cats or dogs? Dogs, but I have a cat! I am outvoted!

:51:16. > :51:18.Football or ice hockey? Right now football because it is incredibly

:51:19. > :51:24.important that you know the personalities in sports. Skepta or

:51:25. > :51:34.Craig David? Both UK artists. I can't pretend to know that! We will

:51:35. > :51:38.give you a playlist! The specials! BBC School Report gives young people

:51:39. > :51:41.across the UK a chance to engage with the news, get involved and

:51:42. > :51:46.shared their stories. If you would like to find out more or get your

:51:47. > :51:50.school involved, go to the BBC School report website. On behalf of

:51:51. > :51:54.all of the BBC News report School reporters here and across the UK, we

:51:55. > :51:56.would like is a very big thank you to Mark Carney for taking all of

:51:57. > :52:02.your questions. APPLAUSE

:52:03. > :52:06.That was great, lots of praise from you as well for the questioners.

:52:07. > :52:13.One tweet, the schoolchildren are asking brilliant questions to Mark

:52:14. > :52:17.Carney, news channels take hints! Another, Mark Carney would spend the

:52:18. > :52:21.UK's money on Derek McInnes music if he had the choice, I would like

:52:22. > :52:26.that! -- dairy milk and music.

:52:27. > :52:28.Every year, over 3000 women will be diagnosed

:52:29. > :52:32.It's the most common cancer in women under 35.

:52:33. > :52:35.Today a new study says that screening for the disease

:52:36. > :52:39.saves almost 2000 lives a year in England.

:52:40. > :52:41.The British Journal of Cancer study finds that screening,

:52:42. > :52:45.where a sample of cells is taken from the neck of the womb

:52:46. > :52:47.and sent off for testing, prevents 70% of deaths

:52:48. > :52:52.But if all women who are eligible for NHS screening -

:52:53. > :52:54.that's those aged 25 to 64 - regularly attended screening,

:52:55. > :53:01.Around 800 women die from cervical cancer every year in the UK.

:53:02. > :53:05.Let's talk now to Professor Peter Sasieni,

:53:06. > :53:11.Also Jessica Harris from Cancer Research

:53:12. > :53:14.UK and Isobel Bradley who has been diagnosed with cancer three times -

:53:15. > :53:18.the first time it was cervical cancer and she was 28 years old.

:53:19. > :53:25.Thank you all for joining us. Peter, this research puts very specific

:53:26. > :53:30.figures on the numbers of lives saved as a result of screening. Tell

:53:31. > :53:34.us more about how you have achieved those results and how significant

:53:35. > :53:38.they are? We have been collecting the information on all women who get

:53:39. > :53:43.cervical cancer in England for a number of years, so we had detailed

:53:44. > :53:47.screening information on 11,000 women who had cancer and we were

:53:48. > :53:51.looking at over 20,000 women who don't have cancer and comparing the

:53:52. > :53:54.differences, and we were also looking at how advanced the cancer

:53:55. > :53:59.was when it was diagnosed, so not only did we show that we already

:54:00. > :54:04.knew that women who go for screening were less likely to get cancer but

:54:05. > :54:08.that they were particularly unlikely to get an advanced cancer, so if

:54:09. > :54:11.despite screening a woman gets cancer it tends to be picked up

:54:12. > :54:18.early and the chance of a complete cure is extremely high. Jessica, I

:54:19. > :54:23.think seven in ten women who get the call for cervical cancer screening

:54:24. > :54:28.go ahead, so three out of ten don't. Why is it that women don't always

:54:29. > :54:31.go? Women have lots of reasons why they may want to or not want to take

:54:32. > :54:36.them cervical screening. Sometimes they said they are others or be

:54:37. > :54:40.awkward about the whole thing, and while it is probably unusual and a

:54:41. > :54:44.slightly uncomfortable thing to do, it is something nurses and doctors

:54:45. > :54:50.deal with all the time, it is not something to be embarrassed about at

:54:51. > :54:54.all. It can feel a bit uncomfortable but it is important to beat that

:54:55. > :55:00.embarrassment. Often people also say that they are too busy or cannot

:55:01. > :55:03.find the time. Nowadays GP surgeries will offer appointments in the

:55:04. > :55:06.evenings or weekends and a lot of the time, which can make it easier

:55:07. > :55:12.to get a convenient appointment time. Let's bring in Isobel, you had

:55:13. > :55:17.screening done at the age of 25, which meant that you were due for

:55:18. > :55:20.another screening at 28, but you were diagnosed with cervical cancer

:55:21. > :55:27.before that happened. What happened for you? Yes, I was 28 and I got

:55:28. > :55:33.diagnosed in the November, and the following January my three year

:55:34. > :55:36.smear test was due, so my opinion is if it was done every year maybe mine

:55:37. > :55:41.would have been picked up a long time before and I would not have had

:55:42. > :55:45.to have intrusive surgery and radiotherapy and where I am now,

:55:46. > :55:49.where I have had cancer three times. So I think it should be done more

:55:50. > :55:53.often than every three years. What would you say to women who put the

:55:54. > :55:56.letter to one side when it comes through and just think that they

:55:57. > :56:02.don't want to go out and have the screening done? Well, I advise

:56:03. > :56:07.everybody they should have it done, it isn't that bad and if you are

:56:08. > :56:13.sexually active it is not that intrusive and it can save your life

:56:14. > :56:18.and save a lot of anguish. If I was screened more than every three

:56:19. > :56:24.years, maybe I would have been able to have children and not where I am

:56:25. > :56:29.now. Absolutely everyone should have it done, it is only a two-minute

:56:30. > :56:36.process, it doesn't take long. Peter, is three yearly screening

:56:37. > :56:39.enough? I think it is. It is not 100%, we are saying that women who

:56:40. > :56:44.go for screening reduced their chance of dying from cervical cancer

:56:45. > :56:48.by about 85%, it is not 100% protected. We are introducing a

:56:49. > :56:53.better screening test, human papillomavirus will be tested for

:56:54. > :56:59.starting in about a year or so. How will that work? It will be the same

:57:00. > :57:05.for women, the same procedure, taken in the same way when they go to the

:57:06. > :57:09.GB, probably by a nurse, but when it reaches the laboratory, instead of

:57:10. > :57:14.people ducking under a microscope and deciding whether it looks

:57:15. > :57:19.abnormal or not, a robot will do a molecular test as to whether the

:57:20. > :57:26.virus is present, so it is more robust, and more accurate test. And

:57:27. > :57:30.that is the focus now, the HBV, because, Jessica, there is the

:57:31. > :57:34.vaccination now that girls are getting, is that going to change

:57:35. > :57:41.things going forward? At the moment the girls who have been vaccinated

:57:42. > :57:44.against HPV are only just reaching the lower age range for cervical

:57:45. > :57:48.screening so we have not yet got to the stage where women who have been

:57:49. > :57:53.vaccinated are also being screened in England. It is possible that the

:57:54. > :57:57.intervals or something to do with how often screening happened might

:57:58. > :58:00.need to change in future as more and more women who are vaccinated and to

:58:01. > :58:04.the screening programme but at present the vast majority of women

:58:05. > :58:07.within the screening programme have not been vaccinated and so we are

:58:08. > :58:10.still looking at how best to protect those women as well as those coming

:58:11. > :58:15.through who have been vaccinated, but the vaccine is an effective way

:58:16. > :58:19.of reducing the risk of cervical cancer, and so is screening. Thank

:58:20. > :58:21.you all very much for joining us, we are out of time.

:58:22. > :58:37.in a brand-new BBC Two quiz show, Debatable,

:58:38. > :58:42.where a team of celebrities put their debating skills to the test