04/10/2016

:00:07. > :00:08.Hello, it's Tuesday, it's 9am, I'm Victoria Derbyshire,

:00:09. > :00:12.On the programme today, the hidden trauma of being

:00:13. > :00:27.It is not something you talk about openly. Why did you not want to tell

:00:28. > :00:32.people? I did not feel normal, as though my body was not capable of

:00:33. > :00:36.giving birth. I felt ashamed. Of what happened to me. And what I am

:00:37. > :00:38.living with on a daily basis. It's a taboo subject

:00:39. > :00:40.which isn't often talked If it's happened to you,

:00:41. > :00:44.do get in touch. Also on the programme,

:00:45. > :00:46.opting out of European human rights to protect our troops

:00:47. > :01:05.from what the Government says One MP says the move is overdue.

:01:06. > :01:06.The attempt by human rights law to armed conflict presented a

:01:07. > :01:10.misunderstanding of what we were asking and then -- our men and women

:01:11. > :01:12.to do. And, a 300% rise in the number

:01:13. > :01:15.of pupils temporarily excluded Head teachers say it's

:01:16. > :01:18.because they're better We'll get reaction from parents

:01:19. > :01:21.of excluded children, Throughout the programme we'll bring

:01:22. > :01:34.you the latest breaking news, sport and interviews,

:01:35. > :01:36.and do get in touch today, particularly if you've

:01:37. > :01:43.experienced a birthing injury. And if you text, you will be charged

:01:44. > :01:52.at the standard network rate. Hopefully we will talk to you on the

:01:53. > :01:55.programme later. That's what the Health Secretary

:01:56. > :02:00.Jeremy Hunt will promise for the NHS in England today,

:02:01. > :02:02.so that it no longer relies He's expected to say that an extra

:02:03. > :02:07.?100 million will be set aside to pay for the increase

:02:08. > :02:09.in medical-school places. And all doctors trained by the NHS

:02:10. > :02:13.will have to work for the health Our political guru Norman Smith

:02:14. > :02:30.is in Birmingham at Phil Olsen. Jeremy Hunt has been at

:02:31. > :02:35.loggerheads with junior doctors for months now. Some better news for the

:02:36. > :02:40.medical community today, with plans to make us self-sufficient in

:02:41. > :02:47.doctors. In other words, there will be enough British doctors to start

:02:48. > :02:51.-- staff British hospitals, he says, but not until 2025, ten years away.

:02:52. > :02:57.He wants to bump up the number of students training to be doctors by

:02:58. > :03:01.more than a quarter, pumping in an extra ?100 million, so that in time

:03:02. > :03:08.we will not have to have locums or pay agency doctors, because, his

:03:09. > :03:13.take is, it is costing the NHS and a lot of money, something like 3

:03:14. > :03:18.billion goes on paying for foreign agency staff. So part of it is about

:03:19. > :03:21.saving cash. Part of it is simply responding to the fact that with an

:03:22. > :03:25.ageing population we are going to need more doctors. This morning the

:03:26. > :03:30.Prime Minister said she wanted to ensure that there were enough

:03:31. > :03:35.doctors to meet the demand we are likely to face in the future.

:03:36. > :03:41.Extra money for the training of doctors, we want to see more British

:03:42. > :03:46.doctors in the NHS, the NHS is having to ensure that the scam

:03:47. > :03:52.coming from overseas to ensure we have the numbers we need, and there

:03:53. > :03:57.are people in the UK Hamburg -- who may want to train but cannot. It is

:03:58. > :03:58.right that we are doing this, it will mean that we can see more

:03:59. > :04:07.British doctors in the NHS. There is another reason why we need

:04:08. > :04:12.to train more doctors. There are not enough doctors to go around in the

:04:13. > :04:16.world. The World Health Organisation says there is a 2 million shortage

:04:17. > :04:20.of doctors around the world. There is the issue that to make up the

:04:21. > :04:25.shortfall we tend to recruit from developing countries, and that has a

:04:26. > :04:31.significant impact on the sort of health provision they can divide. It

:04:32. > :04:34.is not just about trying to ensure we have enough, it is trying to

:04:35. > :04:42.ensure we do not drain developing countries of the sort of few medical

:04:43. > :04:43.staff they have. More from Norman later.

:04:44. > :04:46.Joanna is in the BBC Newsroom with a summary

:04:47. > :04:50.This programme has been given exclusive access to a new project

:04:51. > :04:52.which aims to cut the number of women severely injured

:04:53. > :04:56.It's the first time doctors and midwives have worked together

:04:57. > :05:00.They've come up with a number of techniques to help prevent

:05:01. > :05:02.injuries, including serious tears, that can lead to

:05:03. > :05:07.The project will be trialled in more than a dozen hospitals from January.

:05:08. > :05:15.Stay with us for our special report on the scheme and the stories

:05:16. > :05:18.of some of the women affected in just a couple of minutes' time.

:05:19. > :05:20.The British Armed Forces are to be given more

:05:21. > :05:23.protection from legal claims, with the Government saying it

:05:24. > :05:25.will opt out of parts of the European Convention

:05:26. > :05:26.on Human Rights during future conflicts.

:05:27. > :05:29.The Defence Secretary Michael Fallon says that the move will

:05:30. > :05:34.save millions of pounds on legal fees.

:05:35. > :05:37.UK soldiers fighting overseas are subject to international law,

:05:38. > :05:40.including the European Convention on Human Rights.

:05:41. > :05:43.And cases brought against British troops by foreign detainees

:05:44. > :05:48.or the relatives of people injured or killed can be heard in UK courts,

:05:49. > :05:54.to the frustration of many senior military figures and politicians.

:05:55. > :05:56.Since 2004, the Ministry of Defence has spent over

:05:57. > :06:00.?100 million on investigations, inquiries and compensation

:06:01. > :06:03.relating to the conduct of British troops in Iraq.

:06:04. > :06:06.The Government says false claims by people who say

:06:07. > :06:09.their European Convention rights have been breached have driven

:06:10. > :06:12.much of the litigation, causing considerable distress

:06:13. > :06:16.to serving and former members of the armed forces.

:06:17. > :06:22.The first part of rebuilding relationships in the country

:06:23. > :06:29.between the military and their political masters,

:06:30. > :06:32.I think the sort of attempt to apply European human-rights law to armed

:06:33. > :06:35.conflict represented a fundamental misunderstanding of what we were

:06:36. > :06:39.In their 2015 election manifesto, the Conservatives said

:06:40. > :06:42.they would act on the issue, and today ministers have pledged

:06:43. > :06:45.to exempt the UK from two clauses of the European

:06:46. > :06:51.This would apply to future conflicts, and the Defence

:06:52. > :06:53.Secretary Michael Fallon said the change would enable

:06:54. > :06:56.troops to confidently take decisions on the battlefield.

:06:57. > :06:59.But the Government's former attorney-general is not convinced

:07:00. > :07:02.the change will make a big difference.

:07:03. > :07:06.It's a perfectly sensible move, if it's used sparingly

:07:07. > :07:11.It will certainly, I think, help a little.

:07:12. > :07:15.But I don't think one should expect that somehow, by doing this,

:07:16. > :07:19.all claims against British military personnel are going to evaporate,

:07:20. > :07:22.because I'm afraid that won't happen.

:07:23. > :07:24.Ministers insist UK troops will still be subject to other

:07:25. > :07:28.articles of the convention, including a prohibition on torture,

:07:29. > :07:34.as well as UK law and the Geneva conventions.

:07:35. > :07:37.Russia has rebuffed the latest attempt at the UN to impose

:07:38. > :07:41.a new ceasefire to end the fighting in the Syrian city of Aleppo.

:07:42. > :07:44.The United States broke off discussions with Moscow last night,

:07:45. > :07:48.saying everyone's patience had run out.

:07:49. > :07:50.The US Presidential candidate Donald Trump has responded

:07:51. > :07:54.to the publication of tax documents in the New York Times.

:07:55. > :07:56.The paper said he'd declared business losses of more

:07:57. > :08:00.than $900 million in 1995, which may have enabled him

:08:01. > :08:04.to legally avoid paying tax for nearly 18 years.

:08:05. > :08:07.Mr Trump told a rally in Colorado that as a businessman he has

:08:08. > :08:16.a responsibility to pay as little tax as legally possible.

:08:17. > :08:19.Police on the Greek island of Kos searching for Ben Needham say

:08:20. > :08:22.they've now got permission to knock down part of a farmhouse close to

:08:23. > :08:26.A specialist team has begun a ninth day of excavations.

:08:27. > :08:28.The building is a modern extension built since his disappearance,

:08:29. > :08:31.and they want to dig underneath to make sure Ben

:08:32. > :08:36.The number of pupils excluded from schools in some parts

:08:37. > :08:39.of England has risen by more than 300% in three years.

:08:40. > :08:42.Persistent disruptive behaviour accounted for the lion's share,

:08:43. > :08:44.while more than 8,000 pupils were excluded for drug

:08:45. > :08:48.and alcohol offences, and more than 2,000 related

:08:49. > :08:51.The biggest increases were seen in Middlesbrough,

:08:52. > :08:56.Some councils said the increase reflected a greater willingness

:08:57. > :09:12.Police in Japan are investigating if a serial killer has poisoned dozens

:09:13. > :09:17.of patients in a hospital in Yokohama. Two patients died after

:09:18. > :09:21.detergent was injected into their intravenous drips. They are now

:09:22. > :09:22.investigating more than 40 other deaths at the hospital, which may

:09:23. > :09:24.also be suspicious. That's a summary of the latest BBC

:09:25. > :09:34.News, more at 9:30am. We will look at injuries during

:09:35. > :09:40.childbirth in the next the minutes. Megan says, I had a normal delivery

:09:41. > :09:44.with an episiotomy four weeks ago. Congratulations. The midwife could

:09:45. > :09:48.not stop the bleeding, so a doctor finished the job, this took two

:09:49. > :09:52.hours of stitching. Within five days the stitches had dissolved and the

:09:53. > :09:56.wind was gaping. I am so worried I will never be able to walk or swim

:09:57. > :10:01.without pain or risk of infection again. Rachel says, I suffered a

:10:02. > :10:06.fourth degree tear, the worst you can have, when giving birth to my

:10:07. > :10:13.son last year. No family history of issues. A natural water birth in a

:10:14. > :10:16.birthing centre. I had to have a cut but I believe I tour because of the

:10:17. > :10:21.use of forceps, and my son having a larger than average head. I had to

:10:22. > :10:26.have a spinal block and two hours of surgery to repair the tower, which

:10:27. > :10:30.was not ideal, after having my baby. My husband was left alone with him,

:10:31. > :10:34.thinking I would be gone for half an hour, worried about what had

:10:35. > :10:39.happened. Thankfully, all went well, our baby best Fred Pring it leak,

:10:40. > :10:43.and I have been lucky not to have any incontinence, pain or any

:10:44. > :10:47.ongoing issues so far. The midwife discussed the potential for me to be

:10:48. > :10:53.doubly incontinent and suffer ongoing pain. I was so scared that I

:10:54. > :10:56.would wearing nappies at the age of 33. More on that in the next few

:10:57. > :10:59.minutes, do get in touch. And if you text, you will be charged

:11:00. > :11:03.at the standard network rate. So, has the boxer Tyson Fury

:11:04. > :11:09.retired or hasn't he? He sent some pretty

:11:10. > :11:20.extraordinary tweets yesterday? He has been quite vocal on social

:11:21. > :11:23.media in the last few days, he initially said that boxing is the

:11:24. > :11:28.saddest thing he has ever taken part in and he announced his retirement

:11:29. > :11:34.via Twitter, only to reverse the decision just three hours later. It

:11:35. > :11:39.is hard to say what is going on with him. People close to him seem to be

:11:40. > :11:43.worried, Billy Joe Saunders, somebody who has known him a long

:11:44. > :11:47.time, says he is at the lowest he has ever seen him, and adds that if

:11:48. > :11:53.boxing is taken away from him, his life is over. To give you some

:11:54. > :11:56.background, he has just pulled out of his rematch with Wladimir

:11:57. > :12:02.Klitschko for a second time, he says he was suffering with mental health

:12:03. > :12:06.issues. This is the latest in a long line of controversies from him, who

:12:07. > :12:07.also faces an anti-doping hearing next month for an alleged drugs

:12:08. > :12:09.violation. An interesting proposal from Fifa

:12:10. > :12:10.president Gianni Infantino, he's looking to expand the World Cup

:12:11. > :12:20.to 48 teams. He said when he was going for

:12:21. > :12:25.election that he wants to do it, but now it is even more teams than he

:12:26. > :12:28.had suggested previously. He wants to develop football around the

:12:29. > :12:35.world, he is proposing that 48 teams should be included will stop instead

:12:36. > :12:39.of the 32 currently. What makes this interesting, 16 of them would be

:12:40. > :12:43.eliminated before the group stages have even started, in a knockout

:12:44. > :12:46.round. You could have teams and fans travelling across the globe to

:12:47. > :12:50.represent their countries in the biggest football event in the world,

:12:51. > :12:55.playing one match, and then going home. It is a possibility at this

:12:56. > :12:56.stage. A final decision will be made in January.

:12:57. > :12:59.And it's a big day for the future of tennis star

:13:00. > :13:09.She will find out today if her doping ban will be overturned by the

:13:10. > :13:13.Court of Arbitration for Sport. She tested positive for the banned

:13:14. > :13:18.substance Melburnians in March. She said she has been taking for health

:13:19. > :13:22.reasons since 2006 and was not using it to improve her performance. The

:13:23. > :13:28.International Tennis Federation band have two years, which she appealed.

:13:29. > :13:30.We expect a decision at 2pm. Before that, I will have the headlines, at

:13:31. > :13:32.9:30am. The first film we're about to bring

:13:33. > :13:35.you this morning is on a subject that isn't often talked about,

:13:36. > :13:38.never mind at this time of day. We're going to give some frank

:13:39. > :13:41.details and talk openly about injuries that women can get

:13:42. > :13:44.during childbirth, so if you'd rather not watch, or you've got

:13:45. > :13:46.children in the room, you may want to turn away

:13:47. > :13:50.for the next 15 minutes or so. Childbirth can be a daunting

:13:51. > :13:53.experience for most expectant mothers, but for some it can

:13:54. > :13:57.lead to life-changing Often, women don't

:13:58. > :14:02.share their experiences. They may find their symptoms

:14:03. > :14:05.embarrassing, or think what they're going through is normal

:14:06. > :14:08.after giving birth. It's a topic some in the medical

:14:09. > :14:10.profession say has been We've spoken to women have been let

:14:11. > :14:16.down by poor diagnoses, patchy treatment and an unwillingness

:14:17. > :14:20.to talk about the issue. In some cases it's prevented them

:14:21. > :14:23.from getting the help they needed And if you're expecting right now,

:14:24. > :14:29.it's worth pointing out severe tears Only about 6% of women

:14:30. > :14:35.are affected by them. But when they do happen,

:14:36. > :14:38.they can be devastating. Doctors and midwives are now working

:14:39. > :14:41.together to see if they can reduce the number of these injuries,

:14:42. > :14:44.and this programme has been given Experts agree birth injuries need

:14:45. > :14:50.to be recognised for the huge physical impact they can

:14:51. > :14:53.have on women's lives. Another warning that this report

:14:54. > :14:56.by Jean Mackenzie contains some details and pictures which you may

:14:57. > :15:00.find distressing and may not want Basically, I tore from the vagina,

:15:01. > :15:09.where the baby comes out, straight First of all I started having

:15:10. > :15:15.problems with my bladder and it was a constant need to go

:15:16. > :15:18.to the toilet. 85% of women suffer some

:15:19. > :15:23.degree of perineal tear I didn't consider it to be

:15:24. > :15:33.a traumatic experience because my baby was

:15:34. > :15:36.born at the end of it. But actually, when you do think

:15:37. > :15:40.about it, it was really traumatic. The advice I was getting was this

:15:41. > :15:43.will get better and you will heal and that wasn't what

:15:44. > :15:47.was happening to me. In some cases, tearing can lead

:15:48. > :15:54.to long-term complications. It can lead to

:15:55. > :15:56.relationship break-ups. Quite often they may leave their job

:15:57. > :16:04.because they're so embarrassed. These conditions affect

:16:05. > :16:07.more women than we know. Injuries are sometimes missed

:16:08. > :16:10.and often women suffer in silence. It's not something that

:16:11. > :16:13.you talk about openly. Was it because my body wasn't

:16:14. > :16:21.capable of giving birth? Of what happened to me

:16:22. > :16:29.and what I'm living Six years since Debbie gave birth

:16:30. > :16:58.to her son Kaiden and she's lost count of how many hospital

:16:59. > :17:00.appointments she's had. I tore, basically,

:17:01. > :17:02.from front to back. You know, there's a small area

:17:03. > :17:04.between your back passage and your vagina and that

:17:05. > :17:06.was quite badly torn, So, yeah, I went for emergency

:17:07. > :17:12.surgery to try to repair that, but when we got to emergency

:17:13. > :17:14.surgery, it seemed it Surgeons repaired the tear,

:17:15. > :17:19.but Debbie was left with a small hole between the wall

:17:20. > :17:23.of her vagina and her bowel. I was passing wind uncontrollably

:17:24. > :17:27.through the vagina and every the time I went to the toilet

:17:28. > :17:30.there would be faeces I was constantly in the bath,

:17:31. > :17:36.constantly washing, causing A number of attempts

:17:37. > :17:42.were made to repair it, but none successful,

:17:43. > :17:44.so Debbie was fitted I have two consider

:17:45. > :17:53.it wherever I go. If I leave the house I need

:17:54. > :17:55.to take spare clothes. I have to scan the place

:17:56. > :17:58.for the nearest toilet. For example, I was shopping in Asda,

:17:59. > :18:03.standing in the queue and I just went and the bag came apart

:18:04. > :18:08.from the side and I could feel it leaking and I could smell it,

:18:09. > :18:13.so you know, I kind of had to run and drag Kaiden kicking

:18:14. > :18:15.and screaming behind me because he didn't really understand

:18:16. > :18:19.what the urgency was. And that's happened when I have

:18:20. > :18:22.took him to school, it happened So, yeah, it affects everything

:18:23. > :18:29.you're doing really. What was it like dealing with this

:18:30. > :18:32.injury whilst raising a newborn baby It's overwhelming as it is,

:18:33. > :18:38.and then when you've also got a stoma back to look after,

:18:39. > :18:42.you're changing stoma bags in between nappies and bottles,

:18:43. > :18:44.yeah, it was exhausting. Debbie's tear was classed

:18:45. > :18:52.as a fourth degree tear, Not all tears will lead

:18:53. > :18:58.to complications. In this perineal model,

:18:59. > :19:00.you can see the vagina When the vaginal skin is torn,

:19:01. > :19:09.it is called a first degree tear. When the underlying muscles

:19:10. > :19:11.are torn, it is called And when the anal sphincter muscles

:19:12. > :19:16.are torn, it's called And when the skin lining the back

:19:17. > :19:22.passage is torn, it is called I suffered a third degree perineal

:19:23. > :19:32.tear when I gave birth. I have a degree of bowel

:19:33. > :19:39.incontinence. I don't have any sensation in my

:19:40. > :19:42.bladder and I have nerve damage, I remember doing my first walk

:19:43. > :19:53.with the pram and I was able to walk for ten minutes and I remember

:19:54. > :20:03.sitting down on the curb for ten minutes and I remember

:20:04. > :20:06.sitting down on the kerb and saying to my mum,

:20:07. > :20:08.I can't actually walk any further, And she just said, that's fine,

:20:09. > :20:14.we'll turn round and we'll walk and we'll go back home,

:20:15. > :20:18.but that's a really clear memory for me because it was about four

:20:19. > :20:21.weeks out then and I thought, I should be able to walk for 20

:20:22. > :20:25.minutes with the pram. Over the next three months

:20:26. > :20:29.Jenny's symptoms got worse. Because the tear had

:20:30. > :20:31.damaged her nerves, she now has no I have to wear a pad all the time

:20:32. > :20:42.and it's the... It's the psychological distress

:20:43. > :20:46.of constantly feeling It distresses me every

:20:47. > :20:52.time I go the toilet. It's a daily dread of just having

:20:53. > :20:59.basic bodily functions, which over time really starts

:21:00. > :21:02.to take its toll on your coping strategies really

:21:03. > :21:08.and your mental health. It's obviously really difficult

:21:09. > :21:11.in an intimate relationship to deal Recent research found the amount

:21:12. > :21:19.of women suffering serious third and fourth degree tears had tripled

:21:20. > :21:26.over the last decade from 2% to 6%. Women are becoming heavier,

:21:27. > :21:32.babies are becoming heavier and women are delaying their first

:21:33. > :21:36.pregnancy until they are much older. These are all risk factors that

:21:37. > :21:42.actually increase the rate of tears. Diagnosing these injuries

:21:43. > :21:44.quickly and repairing them It can make the difference

:21:45. > :21:49.between developing a complication So the beginning of the tear

:21:50. > :22:05.so you want to go a centimetre Make sure that you go as deep

:22:06. > :22:10.as possible because if you don't go deep, you might end up with air,

:22:11. > :22:13.a pocket and that can Adelaide is a specialist

:22:14. > :22:18.midwife and concerned that mistakes were being made,

:22:19. > :22:21.she set up this course to teach How do you think training

:22:22. > :22:27.is at the moment for midwives? It's quite patchy,

:22:28. > :22:31.so it's not standardised. If ten women are going

:22:32. > :22:34.to have a baby and eight of them or nine of them are likely

:22:35. > :22:37.to have a trauma, then we need to have mandatory

:22:38. > :22:39.training across the board. How do you feel when you have

:22:40. > :22:42.to repair these injuries? You've got another woman waiting

:22:43. > :22:47.for a bed and you do Do you feel that there needs to be

:22:48. > :22:59.more training for this? Yeah, I wouldn't say

:23:00. > :23:02.the training is very good. You have to pay for

:23:03. > :23:04.courses like this. Within the trust we have a mandatory

:23:05. > :23:06.study day, where suturing It's not something that's

:23:07. > :23:11.taught very well by you're How does that make

:23:12. > :23:13.you feel when you're I'll be afraid of making

:23:14. > :23:22.a mistake, or getting a bad Can you see I'm holding this

:23:23. > :23:27.so I can have tension How important is it to get

:23:28. > :23:31.this right for women? I can't emphasise enough

:23:32. > :23:35.because if we don't get this right, it means it's affecting women's

:23:36. > :23:40.general way of living. For example, if they are

:23:41. > :23:45.in excruciating pain, that might lead to

:23:46. > :23:48.relationship breakdown. You might want to shorten that

:23:49. > :23:57.a bit so it's not too... These injuries affect

:23:58. > :23:59.more women than we know Either they are too embarrassed

:24:00. > :24:06.to seek help or they're unsure their symptoms are a normal

:24:07. > :24:09.consequence of giving birth. And too often when they do

:24:10. > :24:13.seek help, the concerns I was being told that this

:24:14. > :24:26.was normal after a baby. I was told at one point,

:24:27. > :24:29.there's more to you They were the exact words,

:24:30. > :24:37.that it was all in my head. What did you think when you were

:24:38. > :24:40.hearing these things and you knew You start to think, well,

:24:41. > :24:45.is it all in my head? You walk out of the appointment

:24:46. > :24:53.and you try and wish it away and do try and pretend it's not them,

:24:54. > :24:57.and other sleep you wake up the next I just think, were my going to go

:24:58. > :25:02.to get help for this The stoma bag takes up

:25:03. > :25:23.a lot of my time and he's If he needs my attention,

:25:24. > :25:29.I was in the toilet or the shower and he has lashed out and hit out,

:25:30. > :25:32.so we do have therapy sessions It's not that mummy doesn't

:25:33. > :25:37.love him, sometimes my attention has For both women their injuries

:25:38. > :25:43.have been life changing. Debbie is still dealing

:25:44. > :25:46.with depression. My confidence is very low.

:25:47. > :25:51.I used to be quite out there. I'd be the first one you heard

:25:52. > :25:58.walking through the door. I wouldn't say it's changed my

:25:59. > :26:00.personality completely, my personality is still there,

:26:01. > :26:03.but confidence... When I think confidence,

:26:04. > :26:09.you need confidence to do your job. The reality of it is

:26:10. > :26:12.I don't do my job properly Confidence is putting on some

:26:13. > :26:18.clothes and walking out Debbie's relationship with Kaiden's

:26:19. > :26:28.father ended a year after his birth. For Jenny, who was a single mum,

:26:29. > :26:30.postnatal depression hit hard and her son now lives

:26:31. > :26:40.with his father. I didn't feel I had anything left

:26:41. > :26:43.in me to love or to mother. I just felt so devastated

:26:44. > :26:47.by what had happened to me. The trauma of it all wrapped up

:26:48. > :26:59.in a parcel was just overwhelming. And I felt so angry that

:27:00. > :27:01.it'd happened to me and that I couldn't mother

:27:02. > :27:04.in the way that I wanted to and be the person that I was

:27:05. > :27:06.before I had Thomas. It had changed my sense of self

:27:07. > :27:11.and it had just shot With such devastating consequences,

:27:12. > :27:18.the question now being asked is can anything be done to stop these

:27:19. > :27:22.injuries from happening? For the last couple of years a team

:27:23. > :27:27.here at Croydon Hospital has been working to try and reduce the number

:27:28. > :27:30.of these injuries and I'm here to find out what they've

:27:31. > :27:34.learned so far. Communication with the woman

:27:35. > :27:37.is vitally important so that she doesn't push

:27:38. > :27:40.as the baby's head comes out, but actually pants to prevent

:27:41. > :27:44.the head from popping out. Can you just demonstrate to me this

:27:45. > :27:48.new technique that you've developed. So the technique essentially

:27:49. > :27:51.consists of placing three fingers firmly on the perineum,

:27:52. > :27:54.then the thumb and the forefinger Then as the baby's head comes out,

:27:55. > :28:02.the other hand is used to prevent the head from coming

:28:03. > :28:06.out with great force. You continue to support the perineum

:28:07. > :28:09.as the shoulders come out because tears can also

:28:10. > :28:10.occur as the shoulders So what difference have you seen

:28:11. > :28:21.since you've been doing this There has been a reduction in severe

:28:22. > :28:26.third and fourth degree When you do the manual

:28:27. > :28:30.perineum protection, you are actually preventing

:28:31. > :28:32.the weakest point of This is one of a number

:28:33. > :28:37.of new techniques which doctors and They will be piloted in 60

:28:38. > :28:48.hospitals from January. For now though, everyone agrees

:28:49. > :28:50.there must be more awareness Women need to be told more

:28:51. > :28:54.about what can go wrong during birth It is something that we need to talk

:28:55. > :29:00.to women about in I think it's a subject that's not

:29:01. > :29:12.broached very frequently. Definitely, they need

:29:13. > :29:17.to have the option and understand Women need to understand

:29:18. > :29:25.that there can be consequences They need to be less

:29:26. > :29:32.embarrassed to talk about this and as health care professionals,

:29:33. > :29:35.we need to be less embarrassed and it's really hard to think that

:29:36. > :29:49.if I would've just had a bit more knowledge about birth,

:29:50. > :29:51.perhaps been given a bit more control, how different

:29:52. > :30:08.things could have been. There is more on the website. It is

:30:09. > :30:14.the fourth most read right now. That film by Jean MacKenzie

:30:15. > :30:18.and as she said the kind of birth tears featured in that report

:30:19. > :30:20.are rare - about 6% of women are affected -

:30:21. > :30:33.but when it does happen This text says, I was severely torn,

:30:34. > :30:39.it has ruined my marriage. This tweet says, I had a fourth degree

:30:40. > :30:42.tear nine weeks ago. I am very lucky that I have recovered, but I can't

:30:43. > :30:48.have a natural birth again. On Facebook, I had my baby in May, I

:30:49. > :30:53.tour really badly, it has ruined the first few months for me, that I am

:30:54. > :30:57.trying to make the most of it. My hospital appointment is on Thursday,

:30:58. > :31:03.five months after the baby was born. Who knows when they will finally

:31:04. > :31:08.sorted. This text, I had a normal birth, but relatively long Labour of

:31:09. > :31:13.36 hours, I tour so badly I severed an artery and lost almost two and

:31:14. > :31:18.half litres of blood. I was not given a transfusion and therefore

:31:19. > :31:23.feinted whenever I needed to get up. My milk did not come in for over a

:31:24. > :31:29.week as my body was in shock and I could not have intercourse for over

:31:30. > :31:32.18 months. This e-mail, I have had four children I have suffered

:31:33. > :31:37.terrible back and pelvic pain ever since I had my last little boy, who

:31:38. > :31:41.is now two. I go back and forward to the doctors but I am just prescribed

:31:42. > :31:46.painkillers. I have a pain before going to the loo, which feels I am

:31:47. > :31:47.giving birth again, I don't feel I am getting enough help. We'll talk

:31:48. > :31:49.more about this. After 10am, we'll be talking

:31:50. > :31:52.to an obstetrician and a midwife about what can be done to reduce

:31:53. > :31:58.the number of injuries. Hopefully, we will talk to some of

:31:59. > :32:04.you before the end of the programme. A flagship Government programme

:32:05. > :32:10.to support offenders when they leave jail has been

:32:11. > :32:13.heavily criticised by inspectors. We'll be speaking to a woman

:32:14. > :32:15.whose son was killed A 300% rise in the number

:32:16. > :32:19.of pupils excluded from some We'll get reaction from parents of

:32:20. > :32:30.excluded children and from teachers. Joanna is in the BBC Newsroom

:32:31. > :32:44.with a summary of today's news. Jeremy Hunt were outline plans so

:32:45. > :32:47.that the NHS in England no longer relies on overseas doctors. People

:32:48. > :32:54.tell the party conference it will be achieved through new funding to

:32:55. > :32:57.train an extra 1500. As a year. The doctors union says it falls far

:32:58. > :33:01.short of what is required. The Prime Minister has told the BBC that extra

:33:02. > :33:09.dish boxes are vital to the future of the NHS.

:33:10. > :33:15.We want to see more British doctors in the NHS, we want to Mitchell that

:33:16. > :33:20.doctors can come overseas to ensure we have the numbers we need, and

:33:21. > :33:24.there are people in the UK who may want to train but who cannot because

:33:25. > :33:28.of the limits there have been on the numbers. It is right that we are

:33:29. > :33:30.doing this, it will mean we will see more British doctors in the NHS.

:33:31. > :33:33.This programme has been given exclusive access to a new project

:33:34. > :33:35.which aims to cut the number of women severely injured

:33:36. > :33:38.It's the first time doctors and midwives have

:33:39. > :33:40.worked together to improve care in this area.

:33:41. > :33:43.They've come up with a number of techniques to help prevent

:33:44. > :33:45.injuries, including serious tears, that can lead

:33:46. > :33:51.The project will be trialled in more than a dozen hospitals from January.

:33:52. > :33:54.The Government is to unveil a legal measure it says will protect UK

:33:55. > :33:59.The change in policy, to be announced at the Conservative

:34:00. > :34:01.conference, would mean parts of the European Convention

:34:02. > :34:05.on Human Rights could be suspended during future conflicts.

:34:06. > :34:07.The Defence Secretary Michael Fallon said the legal system

:34:08. > :34:14.The most powerful hurricane in the Caribbean for almost ten

:34:15. > :34:20.years will reach Haiti in the next few hours.

:34:21. > :34:26.Hurricane Matthew is sweeping north through the region. Up to 40 inches

:34:27. > :34:29.of rain could fall. There is a warning of life-threatening

:34:30. > :34:35.flashlights as well as in the neighbouring Dominican Republic.

:34:36. > :34:38.That's a summary of the latest BBC News, more at 10am.

:34:39. > :34:41.Friends of Tyson Fury have expressed concern for his mental

:34:42. > :34:43.health after appearing to announce his retirement

:34:44. > :34:45.via social media, only to reverse the decision three hours later.

:34:46. > :34:47.World middleweight champion Billy Joe Saunders says

:34:48. > :34:50.Fury's life will be over if boxing is taken away from him.

:34:51. > :34:54.Fury has recently pulled out of his rematch with Wladimir Klitschko

:34:55. > :34:56.for a second time, and faces an anti-doping hearing next month

:34:57. > :35:03.Fifa President Gianni Infantino says he would like to see the World Cup

:35:04. > :35:06.expanded to 48 teams, up from the current 32.

:35:07. > :35:13.A final decision is likely in January.

:35:14. > :35:15.Five-times grand-slam champion Maria Sharapova will find out this

:35:16. > :35:17.afternoon if the Court of Arbitration for Sport

:35:18. > :35:21.have upheld her appeal against a two-year ban for doping.

:35:22. > :35:24.And Hull forward Danny Houghton last night won rugby league's

:35:25. > :35:27.Man of Steel award, for the season's best player.

:35:28. > :35:30.Houghton, whose last-minute tackle helped clinch the Challenge Cup

:35:31. > :35:33.final for Hull against Warrington, beat his club captain

:35:34. > :35:49.Thank you for sending your comments about the injuries you have

:35:50. > :35:53.experienced during childbirth. It is a gritty subject, but quite a lot of

:35:54. > :35:59.you are really pleased we are talking about it. This says, such an

:36:00. > :36:05.important subject because it has a huge impact on women's lives, and

:36:06. > :36:07.this e-mail, thank you for covering this, hearing people who have gone

:36:08. > :36:11.through the same thing as me make me feel less alone. I suffered a fourth

:36:12. > :36:16.degree tear after a natural birth and I have a temporary colostomy as

:36:17. > :36:19.a result. Keep them coming in. We will talk more after 10am.

:36:20. > :36:22.A Government programme to support offenders leaving jail after a few

:36:23. > :36:25.Inspectors say it's failing to find jobs for former inmates

:36:26. > :36:31.In one case, a registered sex offender disappeared

:36:32. > :36:35.after being released without anywhere to live.

:36:36. > :36:38.A Radio 4 documentary this evening will report on concerns that

:36:39. > :36:41.a system to make us all safer could actually be putting

:36:42. > :36:48.Melanie Abbott is the reporter with File On 4.

:36:49. > :36:51.First of all, Melanie, just run us through the changes that

:36:52. > :36:59.There's a new national probation service for mainly

:37:00. > :37:05.The medium and low-risk are dealt with by what are called

:37:06. > :37:07.new community rehabilitation companies covering 21 areas

:37:08. > :37:14.of England and Wales, run by private providers.

:37:15. > :37:26.The private sector was supposed to bring in lots of new innovative

:37:27. > :37:34.ideas like mentors for newly-released prisoners.

:37:35. > :37:40.It says the sides are failing to communicate properly.

:37:41. > :37:43.Today's report finds a lot of what was promised

:37:44. > :37:47.And past reports have criticised services for women offenders.

:37:48. > :37:50.And found some of these companies are too busy managing the changes

:37:51. > :37:53.to get down to the nitty gritty work of working with offenders.

:37:54. > :37:55.So what have you uncovered during the course of

:37:56. > :38:00.We've spoken to probation officers who have described the system

:38:01. > :38:02.as being ripped apart, with the two sides

:38:03. > :38:07.They reported problems assessing the level of risk of offenders

:38:08. > :38:16.and with transferring people between the national service

:38:17. > :38:18.and the private companies if the level of risk changes.

:38:19. > :38:21.Most of the cases, around 70%, were supposed to go to the community

:38:22. > :38:22.rehabilitation companies, with the rest dealt

:38:23. > :38:26.But the probation union NAPO claims it is more like 50/50.

:38:27. > :38:28.So they say the national service is overloaded with

:38:29. > :38:41.We've looked at a couple of cases where offenders have gone

:38:42. > :38:46.on to commit serious crimes like murder, and it's been found

:38:47. > :38:49.risk assessments haven't been completed fully and staff handling

:38:50. > :39:01.People can hear mortar night on BBC Radio 4 at 8pm.

:39:02. > :39:03.We can speak now to Nadine and Richard Marshall.

:39:04. > :39:06.Their 18-year-old son Conner was killed last year by a man

:39:07. > :39:16.And the first you knew was when two police officers knocked

:39:17. > :39:28.Yes, it was the Sunday of my birthday. He had been out overnight

:39:29. > :39:36.and was due to come home that morning for Sunday lunch. The door

:39:37. > :39:38.went, I was expecting Conner, and it was police officers, unfortunately.

:39:39. > :39:42.That is when the nightmare started. When you saw him at the hospital,

:39:43. > :39:57.tell our audience how he was. He was unrecognisable. It was not

:39:58. > :40:05.Conner that we knew. His head was in a case. He was so badly beaten, his

:40:06. > :40:11.eye socket had been broken, there work train marks on his face, his

:40:12. > :40:18.body was covered in marks where he had been beaten, his spleen had been

:40:19. > :40:22.split, but we did not know the intensity of the internal injuries

:40:23. > :40:26.for a few hours. Then they brought him past us, we did not know who it

:40:27. > :40:35.was. His face was so swollen and bloody. That is the image that I am

:40:36. > :40:38.left with. You have given us permission to show our audience some

:40:39. > :40:46.of those images. I should let people know they are distressing. If people

:40:47. > :40:53.want to look away, they can do. I don't know how you cope with this.

:40:54. > :40:57.You bring a child into the world, you get them through primary school,

:40:58. > :41:09.you get them to adult would, and something like this happens. We are

:41:10. > :41:13.just living day by day. Staying together as a family. Try to get

:41:14. > :41:15.through it day by day. What did you subsequently find out

:41:16. > :41:17.about David Braddon, Conner's killer, and his

:41:18. > :41:30.previous criminal history? We were told at the sentence trial

:41:31. > :41:33.that there had been incidents, but we were not told how many or what

:41:34. > :41:39.they were for. Then it was two months after the sentencing, in

:41:40. > :41:46.August, we had a letter from the probation services, which is a

:41:47. > :41:50.generic letter, it gets sent out, introducing our probation officer,

:41:51. > :41:55.who would be almost like a liaison officer, and there was just one

:41:56. > :42:03.sentence at the bottom that said that because the offender was being

:42:04. > :42:06.managed by probation services, a serious case review would have to

:42:07. > :42:12.take place. That was the first we knew about it. As you learned more,

:42:13. > :42:17.what did you understand by supervision, in what way was he

:42:18. > :42:21.meant to be managed? He was supposedly being managed under two

:42:22. > :42:24.separate community orders, which meant there were various criteria

:42:25. > :42:28.that he would have had to have fulfilled, he would have had to have

:42:29. > :42:36.gone to so many alcohol and drugs sessions, met with his offender

:42:37. > :42:44.manager, and complied with a curfew, which he did, but he missed lots of

:42:45. > :42:48.appointments, and they were not chased up. The action was not

:42:49. > :42:56.implemented that was supposed to be prevented if payments were missed.

:42:57. > :43:03.What did you learn about his previous criminal history? We

:43:04. > :43:11.learned a lot, but only from having the full report. You had to push for

:43:12. > :43:17.that. Incredibly hard. We know now that he had previous history for

:43:18. > :43:26.drug-taking, alcohol abuse, domestic violence, animal cruelty. He had

:43:27. > :43:30.already had a conviction for assault against a police officer. There was

:43:31. > :43:39.a long line of escalating violence and drug-taking that went back. He

:43:40. > :43:45.was 27, he was not 15 or 16. He was known to the services, and families

:43:46. > :43:51.were involved with the social service aspect of it as well.

:43:52. > :43:54.He was being monitored by staff at the new community rehabilitation

:43:55. > :44:01.We approached the Wales CRC for a statement.

:44:02. > :44:03.They said, "Conner's death was not predictable or preventable."

:44:04. > :44:18.It makes my blood boil. It is the sentence that we keep being told, it

:44:19. > :44:24.is almost like a standard procedure, they have to say that, but with the

:44:25. > :44:29.report that we have, the evidence is there that the procedures were not

:44:30. > :44:38.followed, and there was an awful lot of missed opportunities to rein him

:44:39. > :44:39.in and implement the breach conditions and they were never

:44:40. > :44:40.taken. They also said, "After thoroughly

:44:41. > :44:43.reviewing the case, we have strengthened our partnership working

:44:44. > :44:44.between offender managers and intervention providers,

:44:45. > :44:49.ensuring enhanced joint working between agencies to support

:44:50. > :45:04.consistent risk management." That is not even in English, but I

:45:05. > :45:09.know what they are saying. That is no consolation to you whatsoever?

:45:10. > :45:12.None whatsoever, it has taken the murder of Conner for them to

:45:13. > :45:18.recognise that there are genuine faults, and that the system is not

:45:19. > :45:21.fit for purpose. Unfortunately for us, we are the people that have

:45:22. > :45:29.highlighted it, but we are not the only people. There are several SFOs

:45:30. > :45:32.that are generated, that will tell us there are a lot of problems not

:45:33. > :45:38.being dealt with appropriately, action is not being implement it.

:45:39. > :45:45.So it could happen again? It will happen again which is completely

:45:46. > :45:52.unacceptable. They're not fit for purpose. As was mentioned the

:45:53. > :45:58.risking categories are haphazard. The structure of the staff is

:45:59. > :46:02.inconsistent. It is down to staff sort of training. The implementation

:46:03. > :46:09.of paperwork isn't chased up. There is just, it is an overworked system

:46:10. > :46:14.which is just crashing and it is pitiful that we've had to go to the

:46:15. > :46:19.length that we have and we will have to continue to go to the length that

:46:20. > :46:23.we have to try and bring some accountability and answers. Can I

:46:24. > :46:25.thank you both very much for coming on the programme and telling us

:46:26. > :46:27.about your son and what happened. Thank you very much, I really

:46:28. > :46:32.appreciate it. Justice Minister Sam Gyimah says,

:46:33. > :46:37."We are carrying out a comprehensive review of the probation service

:46:38. > :46:39.to improve outcomes There is more on that story

:46:40. > :46:45.on BBC Radio 4 at 8pm this evening. It's a taboo subject

:46:46. > :46:54.which isn't often talked about, We'll be looking into the hidden

:46:55. > :47:05.trauma of being injured Some comments from you. Thank you

:47:06. > :47:09.very much for these. Carey says, "Such an important subject on your

:47:10. > :47:13.programme today. Not enough information, help, support for women

:47:14. > :47:18.suffering from birth injuries." Terrence said, "I had a tear three

:47:19. > :47:23.whilst giving birth to my daughter. I had no painkillers or any

:47:24. > :47:28.medicine. She arrived quickly with her leg around her neck and I would

:47:29. > :47:30.have given my life to get her." Thank you.

:47:31. > :47:33.The number of pupils excluded from some schools in England has

:47:34. > :47:36.risen by more than 300% in three years.

:47:37. > :47:40.In total, over the last year there were about 5,800 permanent

:47:41. > :47:42.exclusions at schools in England and around 302,980 fixed term

:47:43. > :47:49.In some places like Barnsley and Middlesborough the figures

:47:50. > :47:54.for temporary exclusions have jumped by over 300% in three years.

:47:55. > :47:56.Headteachers say it shows a greater willingness

:47:57. > :48:05.Over the same period, the number of permanent and temporary

:48:06. > :48:09.exclusions in Scottish and Welsh schools has fallen.

:48:10. > :48:14.We can talk now to Zoe Salt, whose ten year-old autistic son Joe

:48:15. > :48:16.has been excluded from school nine times.

:48:17. > :48:19.Alison Ryan from the Association of Teachers

:48:20. > :48:22.and Lecturers and Julian Lee who is the Head Teacher

:48:23. > :48:24.of Hawkswood Group, a pupil referral unit that helps children stay

:48:25. > :48:42.Hello. Hello Joe, how are you? Hi. Thank you for coming on your

:48:43. > :48:46.programme. Zoe, thank you for talking to us. Tell us when Joe was

:48:47. > :48:49.first excluded? He was four-and-a-half when he was first

:48:50. > :48:55.excluded and I think it was within the first two weeks that he started

:48:56. > :48:58.school he was excluded on a temporary basis sort of for

:48:59. > :49:03.afternoons to start with. What was the reason? Behaviour because he

:49:04. > :49:08.wasn't, we used to have statements at that time, they've changed now,

:49:09. > :49:14.but he wasn't statemented yet and they didn't have the staff to cope

:49:15. > :49:19.with his behaviour. His behaviour was down to his autism, he couldn't

:49:20. > :49:22.cope with the classroom environment. So yeah, he was excluded for

:49:23. > :49:26.afternoons and I think for three days and then a week and then, you

:49:27. > :49:31.know, it was just on and off really for quite a long time and then the

:49:32. > :49:36.permanent exclusion came when he was five. Five, gosh, still so young.

:49:37. > :49:44.Yeah. Joe, can I ask you, what was it like being excluded? I was really

:49:45. > :49:50.sad and lonely. Was it? Yeah. So over a period of years, you've

:49:51. > :49:54.tried to either home school or get into another school. Tell us what

:49:55. > :49:59.impact it has on a family's life when a child is excluded? Well, it

:50:00. > :50:04.nearly destroyed our family in all honestly, it was horrific. I home

:50:05. > :50:08.schooled for a few months. We went to a different school and to be

:50:09. > :50:14.fair, he was only excluded once at that school. So he managed to finish

:50:15. > :50:19.his infant years in a mainstream school, but then it was decided for

:50:20. > :50:22.the health of our family, the mental health of our family that he was

:50:23. > :50:27.best to go into a specialist school where we knew he wasn't going to get

:50:28. > :50:32.sent home and we weren't going to get a phone call after 15 minutes to

:50:33. > :50:36.say, "Can you come and get him?" Could you have initiated that

:50:37. > :50:40.earlier? Possibly, but the problem with Joe and children much like him,

:50:41. > :50:44.is that Joe doesn't really need to be in a specialist school for his

:50:45. > :50:48.academic progress. In fact, he is going to be moved back into

:50:49. > :50:55.mainstream now because his academic progress is far too good for where

:50:56. > :50:59.he's at. So yes, we could have done it earlier, but there was no need

:51:00. > :51:03.for us to do it atle. When you said his academic side is good. So it is

:51:04. > :51:07.the behaviour side that needs the extra support or the help? It is

:51:08. > :51:15.emotional and social development. OK. That he has problems with. It's

:51:16. > :51:20.not bad behaviour. It is autism. It's sensory processing disorder.

:51:21. > :51:23.Yes. And that's, but from other parents point of view whose kids are

:51:24. > :51:27.in the same class as Joe, it is bad behaviour? Of course. Of course,

:51:28. > :51:31.because there isn't enough education around to let people know. A lot of

:51:32. > :51:36.people are only familiar with one type of autism, the non verbal nice

:51:37. > :51:40.type of autism, but Joe isn't that nice quiet type of autistic child.

:51:41. > :51:47.Alison, what do you make of figures, this rise in both temporary and

:51:48. > :51:51.permanent exclusions? I think in some ways, they're shocking figure

:51:52. > :51:54.ins a way, but at the same time they are generally exclusions have gone

:51:55. > :52:00.down over a longer period of time, but they're beginning to turn back

:52:01. > :52:04.up. But I think picking up on what Zoe said about, you know, what

:52:05. > :52:09.behaviour looks like. Behaviour is often telling us something, whatever

:52:10. > :52:12.kind of behaviour it is and often like SEN, we don't have the

:52:13. > :52:15.resources in schools, aren't as much as they should be, special

:52:16. > :52:19.educational needs to really to have staff understand what is happening,

:52:20. > :52:23.to understand how to meet them, we have teacher shortages, you know,

:52:24. > :52:27.and children and young people with special educational needs that are,

:52:28. > :52:32.you know, not fully met are far more likely to be excluded, up to seven

:52:33. > :52:37.times more likely than children without SEN. I accept those figures,

:52:38. > :52:40.but it is not just children with special educational needs who are

:52:41. > :52:45.being excluded. What are the other reasons? Well, there are a range of

:52:46. > :52:50.reasons, but we have to look at also children in lower income households.

:52:51. > :52:55.In poverty, up to four times more likely, those on free school meals

:52:56. > :52:59.are four times more likely to be ex-included and when we know there

:53:00. > :53:04.is 3.9 million children in poverty in the UK, that's 500,000 more in

:53:05. > :53:07.2010, you can the challenges that schools are fasing especially when

:53:08. > :53:11.we have teacher shortages, we have cuts to local services that really

:53:12. > :53:14.the support that's there for children and young people isn't what

:53:15. > :53:19.it should be and my members in school would be, you know, they

:53:20. > :53:23.want, you know, teachers are in the profession to make a difference to

:53:24. > :53:27.work with children and young people. They share the frustration of

:53:28. > :53:30.families, of young people and it is a tragedy when children get

:53:31. > :53:35.permanently excluded. There is no doubt about that. What impact can it

:53:36. > :53:42.have on a child who is permanently excluded from a mainstream school?

:53:43. > :53:46.It can be catastrophic. Children who are permanently excluded from

:53:47. > :53:51.mainstream schools or special schools, suffer a history thereafter

:53:52. > :53:57.of educational failure. It is often the case that these youngsters will

:53:58. > :54:02.go on failing in education, continue to fail at post 16 once they have

:54:03. > :54:07.left school and then become a significant burden on society when

:54:08. > :54:11.perhaps some of them enter the Criminal Justice System or indeed

:54:12. > :54:16.simply don't become members of a constructive society. I mean that's

:54:17. > :54:22.the worst case scenario for some permanently excluded youngsters who

:54:23. > :54:25.move back into mainstream schools. The chances are then improved

:54:26. > :54:28.significantly. So when you take children out of mainstream because

:54:29. > :54:32.they are on the verge of being excluded and you try and work with

:54:33. > :54:36.them, intervene early, what is it you're doing with them? What is it

:54:37. > :54:39.that you're doing in your institutions? We focus on teaching

:54:40. > :54:44.and learning first and fore most. Because it is smaller class, is that

:54:45. > :54:48.the difference? Smaller class. Focus on teaching and learning and make

:54:49. > :54:50.sure there is a strong focus on nurturing particularly for

:54:51. > :54:55.youngsters that is from the ages of four to 11. We nurture groups of

:54:56. > :55:00.these young people. Also to focus on their therapeutic needs. So we have

:55:01. > :55:05.a very... What does that mean? Give me an example. We employ therapists

:55:06. > :55:09.from our local clinic. We don't get that allocation of staffing without

:55:10. > :55:14.having to pay for it. We have to pay for it ourselves. But we do it

:55:15. > :55:20.because we think it is necessary. In your experience, is there always an

:55:21. > :55:26.explanation? Yes, always. About why a child, it is either a medical

:55:27. > :55:30.condition? Always. It never exists in a vacuum, you see people behaving

:55:31. > :55:33.on the street, there is a reason behind it. You see children behaving

:55:34. > :55:36.badly in classrooms, it is because there is a reason behind it. It is

:55:37. > :55:41.our job to understand what that behaviour means. And then do

:55:42. > :55:44.something about giving the young person, the child, an opportunity to

:55:45. > :55:48.correct their behaviour and learn new ways of behaving. Do you accept

:55:49. > :55:53.this Zoe and Alison, that if you're in a state school with a class of 30

:55:54. > :55:56.or 31, whatever it maybe, from the teacher's point of view, even with a

:55:57. > :56:00.Teaching Assistant, you will never be able to give the child who is

:56:01. > :56:04.playing up for whatever reason, the kind of support and attention that

:56:05. > :56:08.they might need or can it be done? Well, we know, where schools have

:56:09. > :56:12.done it and rather like in Julian's case, it is often about good

:56:13. > :56:16.partnerships between schools, between schools that have their own

:56:17. > :56:20.special units or alternative provision on site. There is an

:56:21. > :56:24.element of sharing. Potentially, you know, we have to protect all the

:56:25. > :56:27.children, that includes the child mainly involved, but it also

:56:28. > :56:31.includes the other pupil and we have to protect staff. So that has to be

:56:32. > :56:36.important. It is about safeguarding to an extent. Having said all that,

:56:37. > :56:39.we know that we can sometimes reach needs a lot more than we possibly do

:56:40. > :56:43.now if we have good collaboration on the ground. We have proper funding

:56:44. > :56:46.for the kind of support that Julian mentioned and that we kind of and we

:56:47. > :56:51.also have the team around the child so it is social services,

:56:52. > :56:55.healthcare, all getting together to reach particularly the more complex

:56:56. > :57:00.needs. It is really vital. Thank you very much, Zoe. Thank you,

:57:01. > :57:03.Joe. Thank you for coming on. Thank you for your time.

:57:04. > :57:07."Every child should be able to learn without disruption,

:57:08. > :57:09.that's why we've given head teachers more powers to tackle

:57:10. > :57:12.Permanent exclusion is still very rare and should only be

:57:13. > :57:25.We're going to talk to our Asian Network reporter who's been

:57:26. > :57:27.hearing from people given away as children to other

:57:28. > :57:42.Tell us what is happening with Hurricane Matthew, Darren. I want to

:57:43. > :57:50.take you into the Caribbean first of all. This is Hurricane Matthew. It

:57:51. > :57:53.is a major hurricane this. It is moving northwards towards Haiti

:57:54. > :57:59.right now. Moving over the warm waters and it is about to strike

:58:00. > :58:05.Haiti. A serious situation is developing across the country right

:58:06. > :58:09.now. We've got around the centre of the hurricane winds of around

:58:10. > :58:14.145mph. There could be as much as a meter of rain. Add to that, a

:58:15. > :58:18.significant storm surge. Dangerous seas as well. So coastal flooding.

:58:19. > :58:22.Now I can understand why some residents don't want to leave their

:58:23. > :58:26.home because they are worried about things getting stolen, but there may

:58:27. > :58:30.not be anything to steal once this one has swept through. Now, where is

:58:31. > :58:33.it going? It is heading northwards and leaving Haiti, it will be

:58:34. > :58:40.striking eastern parts of Cuba tonight. Then up towards the Bahamas

:58:41. > :58:44.and possibly by Thursday or Friday very close to Florida this. Is where

:58:45. > :58:48.we have got more unsrnity. It is a big story this and we will keep an

:58:49. > :58:51.eye on this over the next few days. Here at home, all we have to worry

:58:52. > :58:55.about is, the amount of cloud that we've got across the UK. There is

:58:56. > :59:01.more of it out to the west, but it is thin, high cloud. The breeze is

:59:02. > :59:06.picking up through today, but there is still sunshine around. Not quite

:59:07. > :59:09.the wall to wall sunshine that many of us had yesterday, not windy for

:59:10. > :59:14.Northern Ireland and western parts of Scotland and the low cloud, the

:59:15. > :59:18.misty weather across the Grampians and the eastern Pennines and east

:59:19. > :59:20.Wales is lifting. So some good spells of sunshine as we head

:59:21. > :59:23.through late morning and into the afternoon as well. Temperatures

:59:24. > :59:26.similar to yesterday, 17 Celsius. Could be allittle bit higher as it

:59:27. > :59:30.was yesterday awe cross the South East of England. As we head into

:59:31. > :59:33.this evening, a fine end to the day and overnight, shouldn't get too

:59:34. > :59:36.cold really because there will be that fairly brisk breeze blowing and

:59:37. > :59:39.there will be more cloud around as well. I think we have seen the

:59:40. > :59:44.coldest nights earlier on in the week. These are the temperatures in

:59:45. > :59:48.the towns and cities. In the countryside, we're looking at the

:59:49. > :59:52.mid to high single figures. Big battle taking place between weather

:59:53. > :59:55.fronts trying to push in from the Atlantic and a big blocking area of

:59:56. > :59:59.high pressure across Scandinavia. That's shaping our weather.

:00:00. > :00:04.Influencing our weather. There will be a bit more cloud around on

:00:05. > :00:08.Wednesday, but another dry day. Some sunshine across the South East and

:00:09. > :00:11.across East Anglia too. Those temperatures lower and turning

:00:12. > :00:19.cooler I think over the next few days with some more cloud.

:00:20. > :00:21.Hello it's Tuesday, it's 10am, I'm Victoria Derbyshire,

:00:22. > :00:26.This morning, the hidden trauma of being injured during childbirth.

:00:27. > :00:27.It's not something that you talk about openly.

:00:28. > :00:34.Was it because my body wasn't capable of giving birth?

:00:35. > :00:45.Of what happened to me and what I'm living with on a daily basis.

:00:46. > :00:59.We will talk to a midwife and a gynaecologist to see what can be

:01:00. > :01:01.done. Opting out of European Human rights

:01:02. > :01:04.to protect our troops from what the government says

:01:05. > :01:06.are "vexatious" legal cases. Senior Army officer

:01:07. > :01:08.General Lord Dannatt Because we ask soldiers to do

:01:09. > :01:11.very difficult things in dangerous circumstances,

:01:12. > :01:18.you can't apply civilian law that might otherwise be

:01:19. > :01:20.applicable in a small town outside a bar on the

:01:21. > :01:22.Thursday evening. Children given away

:01:23. > :01:32.to other family members. We'll talk to our Asian Network

:01:33. > :01:35.reporter who's been hearing The Health Secretary Jeremy Hunt

:01:36. > :01:48.will outline plans today so the NHS in England no longer relies

:01:49. > :01:52.on overseas doctors. He'll tell the Conservative Party

:01:53. > :01:56.conference in Birmingham this will be achieved through new funding

:01:57. > :01:58.to train an extra But the doctors' union

:01:59. > :02:04.the British Medical Association says it falls far short

:02:05. > :02:05.of what's required. The Prime Minister has told the BBC

:02:06. > :02:17.that extra British doctors are vital Extra money going into the training

:02:18. > :02:22.of doctors, and there is a good reason, we want to see more British

:02:23. > :02:27.doctors, the NHS is having to ensure that doctors can come in from

:02:28. > :02:30.overseas to ensure we have the numbers we need, and there are

:02:31. > :02:34.people here who may want to train as doctors who are not able to, because

:02:35. > :02:38.of the limits there have been. It is right that we are doing this, it

:02:39. > :02:39.will mean we will see more British doctors in the NHS.

:02:40. > :02:42.This programme has been given exclusive access to a new project

:02:43. > :02:45.which aims to cut the number of women severely injured

:02:46. > :02:48.It's the first time doctors and midwives have worked together

:02:49. > :02:52.They've come up with a number of techniques to help prevent

:02:53. > :02:54.injuries, including serious tears, that can lead to

:02:55. > :03:00.The project will be trialled in more than a dozen hospitals from January.

:03:01. > :03:03.The Government is to unveil a legal measure it says will protect UK

:03:04. > :03:11.The change in policy, to be announced at the Conservative

:03:12. > :03:13.conference, would mean parts of the European Convention

:03:14. > :03:15.on Human Rights could be suspended during future conflicts.

:03:16. > :03:17.The Defence Secretary Michael Fallon said the legal system

:03:18. > :03:21.The most powerful hurricane in the Caribbean for almost ten

:03:22. > :03:23.years will reach Haiti in the next few hours.

:03:24. > :03:26.Hurricane Matthew is sweeping north through the region.

:03:27. > :03:28.Up to 40 inches of rain could fall in Haiti.

:03:29. > :03:30.There's a warning of life-threatening flash floods there,

:03:31. > :03:39.as well as in neighbouring Dominican Republic.

:03:40. > :03:42.Police on the Greek island of Kos searching for Ben Needham say

:03:43. > :03:44.they've now got permission to knock down part of a farmhouse

:03:45. > :03:46.near where the little boy disappeared 25 years ago.

:03:47. > :03:49.A specialist team has begun a ninth day of excavations.

:03:50. > :03:51.The building is a modern extension built since his disappearance,

:03:52. > :03:53.and they want to dig underneath to make sure Ben

:03:54. > :03:57.The number of pupils excluded from schools in some parts

:03:58. > :04:00.of England has risen by more than 300% in three years.

:04:01. > :04:03.Persistent disruptive behaviour accounted for the lion's share,

:04:04. > :04:06.while more than 8,000 pupils were excluded for drug and alcohol

:04:07. > :04:10.offences and more than 2,000 related to sexual misconduct.

:04:11. > :04:12.The biggest increases were seen in Middlesbrough,

:04:13. > :04:16.Some councils said the increase reflected a greater willingness

:04:17. > :04:25.The pound hit a 31-year low against the dollar in early trading

:04:26. > :04:28.on the currency markets, while the Ftse share index rose

:04:29. > :04:31.The moves come amid renewed speculation and concern

:04:32. > :04:34.about the economy and Brexit plans, as more details are revealed

:04:35. > :04:36.at the Conservative conference about the timetable

:04:37. > :04:42.Police in Japan are investigating whether a serial killer may have

:04:43. > :04:46.poisoned dozens of elderly patients at a hospital in

:04:47. > :04:50.So far they have confirmed that two patients have died after

:04:51. > :04:53.detergent was injected into their intravenous drips.

:04:54. > :04:57.They are now investigating more than 40 other deaths at the hospital

:04:58. > :05:02.which they think may also be suspicious.

:05:03. > :05:10.That's a summary of the latest BBC News, more at 10:30am.

:05:11. > :05:16.Thank you for your comments on childbirth and some of the traumatic

:05:17. > :05:20.experiences you have had. Joanna says, I had my first baby nine weeks

:05:21. > :05:25.ago, I had a third degree tear. Dooming antenatal classes it easy to

:05:26. > :05:30.Ms and tears were barely mentioned. There is a Tabuk about talking about

:05:31. > :05:34.them, that has to change, we need to talk more about massage and regular

:05:35. > :05:38.pelvic floor exercises is prevention. I have healed well and I

:05:39. > :05:43.had great midwives and physiotherapists helping me after

:05:44. > :05:45.the birth. There is an excellent NHS app to remind women to do their

:05:46. > :05:47.pelvic floor exercises. Do get in touch with us

:05:48. > :05:49.throughout the morning. Stoke City defender Glen Johnson

:05:50. > :05:57.was celebrating his shock recall to the England squad less than 48

:05:58. > :06:01.hours ago, now he's out. The 32-year-old is injured and has

:06:02. > :06:05.been replaced in Gareth Southgate's squad for the qualifiers

:06:06. > :06:08.against Malta and Slovenia by Burnley's uncapped defender

:06:09. > :06:12.Michael Keane. He's never far from the headlines,

:06:13. > :06:15.world heavyweight Yesterday on social media

:06:16. > :06:20.he announced his retirement, saying that boxing was the saddest

:06:21. > :06:23.thing he'd ever taken part in, only to reverse that decision

:06:24. > :06:25.just three hours later. People close to him seem

:06:26. > :06:28.to be quite worried, fellow world champion

:06:29. > :06:33.Billy Joe Saunders says Fury And another British world champion,

:06:34. > :06:50.Ricky Hatton, feels Fury needs help. He can beat whoever in the boxing

:06:51. > :06:58.ring, he has proved to be the best in the heavyweight division, but

:06:59. > :07:09.depression, you cannot do it on your own, you need help. It is one of the

:07:10. > :07:18.-- despite the macho image, go and speak someone, I am not coping very

:07:19. > :07:22.well, I need help. The Fifa president has proposed that

:07:23. > :07:25.48 teams should compete in the World Cup. 16 of them would compete in a

:07:26. > :07:29.knockout round before the group stages Thomas and they could exit

:07:30. > :07:33.the tournament after one match. Fifa will debate it later this month. A

:07:34. > :07:41.decision will be made in January. Maria Sharapova, a five-times

:07:42. > :07:43.Grand Slam winner, will find out today if her doping

:07:44. > :07:46.ban will be overturned by the Court The Russian tested positive

:07:47. > :07:49.for the banned substance She said she'd been taking

:07:50. > :07:54.it for health problems since 2006 and wasn't using it

:07:55. > :07:56.to improve her performance. The International Tennis Federation

:07:57. > :07:58.banned her for two years, Andy Murray is playing his first

:07:59. > :08:14.match in the China Open in Beijing. The world number two is taking

:08:15. > :08:17.on Italy's Andreas Seppi and has won the first set 6-2 but he's been

:08:18. > :08:26.broken at the start of the second. Hull forward Danny Houghton last

:08:27. > :08:28.night won rugby league's Man of Steel award,

:08:29. > :08:30.for the season's best player. Houghton, whose last-minute tackle

:08:31. > :08:33.helped clinch the Challenge Cup final for Hull against Warrington,

:08:34. > :08:49.beat his club captain Rickie Fowler looks like a

:08:50. > :08:54.gooseberry in this picture, in the middle of all of the kissing in the

:08:55. > :08:59.American Ryder Cup team, the only single man. But in other pictures he

:09:00. > :09:01.is drowning himself in Champagne, so I am sure he is not that bothered.

:09:02. > :09:03.Throughout the programme we've been talking about

:09:04. > :09:11.It's a taboo subject which isn't often discussed at this time of day

:09:12. > :09:15.But it is an important one, and one that affects many of you.

:09:16. > :09:19.Up to 85% of women have some sort of tear during their first vaginal

:09:20. > :09:25.birth, though the most-severe tears only affect around 6% of women.

:09:26. > :09:27.Often women don't share their experiences, they may

:09:28. > :09:29.find their symptoms embarrassing, or think what they're

:09:30. > :09:31.going through is normal after giving birth.

:09:32. > :09:34.Doctors and midwives are now working together to see if they can reduce

:09:35. > :09:38.Experts agree they need to be recognised for the huge physical

:09:39. > :09:41.impact they can have on women's lives.

:09:42. > :09:44.This report by Jean Mackenzie contains some details and pictures

:09:45. > :10:01.Six years since Debbie gave birth to her son Kaiden and she's lost

:10:02. > :10:03.count of how many hospital appointments she's had.

:10:04. > :10:05.There's a small area between your back passage

:10:06. > :10:12.and your vagina and that was quite badly torn, all the way through.

:10:13. > :10:15.I went for emergency surgery to try and repair that, but when I got

:10:16. > :10:20.to the emergency surgery, it seems it had cut into my bowel.

:10:21. > :10:23.Surgeons tried to repair that, but Debbie was left incontinent

:10:24. > :10:28.and had to be fitted with a colostomy bag.

:10:29. > :10:31.Everything changes, I have to consider it I go.

:10:32. > :10:34.If I leave the house, I need to take spare clothes,

:10:35. > :10:36.I have to scan the place for the nearest toilet.

:10:37. > :10:42.For example, I was shopping in Asda, standing in the queue and I just

:10:43. > :10:46.went and the bag came apart from the sides and I

:10:47. > :10:50.The number of women who suffered a serious tear tripled over the last

:10:51. > :10:58.Not all will develop complications, but possible symptoms including

:10:59. > :11:04.These injuries affect more women than we know, because many

:11:05. > :11:15.Either they are too embarrassed to seek help or they are unsure

:11:16. > :11:17.whether their symptoms are a normal consequence of giving birth.

:11:18. > :11:21.Diagnosing these injuries quickly and repairing them

:11:22. > :11:25.It can make the difference between developing a complication

:11:26. > :11:30.How do you think training is at the moment for midwives?

:11:31. > :11:37.If ten women are going to have a baby and eight or nine

:11:38. > :11:40.of them are likely to have a trauma, then we need to have mandatory

:11:41. > :11:53.The stoma bag takes up a lot of my time.

:11:54. > :12:00.If he needs my attention and I'm in the toilet or the shower,

:12:01. > :12:05.Doctors and midwives are now working together to try

:12:06. > :12:10.They've developed a number of techniques which appeared

:12:11. > :12:17.As the baby's head comes out, the other hand is used to prevent

:12:18. > :12:20.the head from coming out with great force.

:12:21. > :12:23.These will be piloted in 16 hospitals from January.

:12:24. > :12:27.But for now, the aim is to raise awareness of these injuries

:12:28. > :12:31.so women know what to expect and when to seek help.

:12:32. > :12:35.Women need to understand that there can be consequences

:12:36. > :12:39.after a vagina delivery, that help is available.

:12:40. > :12:42.They need to be less embarrassed to talk about this and as health

:12:43. > :12:45.care officials we need to be less embarrassed about

:12:46. > :12:53.Let's talk to Carol Sunnucks, who suffered a serious tear eight

:12:54. > :12:57.years ago that was missed and that has led to major complications,

:12:58. > :13:00.Dr Alison Wright, vice-president of the Royal College

:13:01. > :13:10.of Gynaecologists, and Sara Webb, who's a perineal midwife.

:13:11. > :13:15.And Donna has got in touch with us, she is in Sheffield and is due to

:13:16. > :13:22.give birth to her second child any day now, is that right? Yes.

:13:23. > :13:30.Possibly even today! Possibly, hopefully! My gosh!

:13:31. > :13:35.You had a third degree tear three days ago, so how are you feeling

:13:36. > :13:44.about the prospect of giving birth again? To be honest, it is always

:13:45. > :13:47.niggling in the back of your head, and quite often comes to the fore,

:13:48. > :13:53.and that is all you can think about, will it happen again? What impact is

:13:54. > :13:59.having that there having new? I have not had any lasting effects, it

:14:00. > :14:07.ruined the first couple of months with my daughter, though. The first

:14:08. > :14:11.few weeks of not being able to do anything, to sit up, hold her, go

:14:12. > :14:15.for walks. They took so long to be able to drive much longer than

:14:16. > :14:17.friends who have had Caesarean sections and things like that. It

:14:18. > :14:23.damages your confidence. You suffered a third-degree tear,

:14:24. > :14:26.which is one of the more-serious tears, but it was missed

:14:27. > :14:37.at the time. It was missed eight years ago. We

:14:38. > :14:45.had to go for an assisted delivery. It was getting to the point, so they

:14:46. > :14:50.decided for an assisted delivery. My son was born, but I was never

:14:51. > :14:59.examined the way in woman should be examined after giving birth, and

:15:00. > :15:04.they missed the tear. You had got home from hospital, what effect

:15:05. > :15:09.wasn't happening on due -- what effect was happening on new? I'm a

:15:10. > :15:16.late to the girl in the film, the first walk with a pram. I didn't get

:15:17. > :15:21.my son home until he was three weeks old, it was a big thing for me.

:15:22. > :15:28.Taking him out, I was maybe five minutes away from home, and my

:15:29. > :15:33.bowels just moved. I missed myself. That happened every day, sometimes

:15:34. > :15:38.two or three times a day. I could not go anywhere.

:15:39. > :15:52.So stressful. And for the first year of my son being born I was bowel

:15:53. > :15:57.inContinent. So they transferred me from maternity to a surgeon who put

:15:58. > :16:02.me through numerous amounts of tests to find out what was wrong and they

:16:03. > :16:06.then discovered a year after my son was born, a year later, it was a

:16:07. > :16:10.third degree tear I had. So 13 months after having my son I had to

:16:11. > :16:17.go in and have repair surgery. Goodness me. Sarah, why does no one

:16:18. > :16:20.talk about this? I think it is just one of those hidden taboos that

:16:21. > :16:24.happened through years and ages. I can understand why we don't talk

:16:25. > :16:27.about it. It is not a very sexy topic to want to talk about, but it

:16:28. > :16:32.is something that's just been hidden away and it takes a lot to get

:16:33. > :16:35.people and I feel very honoured and proud that you've got the guts and

:16:36. > :16:42.the people in the video and even your show for putting this out there

:16:43. > :16:46.and letting people expose the real things that can happen from

:16:47. > :16:51.childbirth. We have to change that and we need to give information more

:16:52. > :16:56.information. We can't scare women to death. We have to be careful about

:16:57. > :17:01.how we inform women otherwise it would panic everyone, but there are

:17:02. > :17:05.ways of making women know that stitches will happen and also aware

:17:06. > :17:08.of when they are postnatal, informing them about what is normal

:17:09. > :17:12.and what's not. Most of the women I see in clinic don't have any

:17:13. > :17:18.information given to them, they don't know if it feels normal or not

:17:19. > :17:23.because they don't seek advice. Dr Wright, I think I was saying you

:17:24. > :17:26.were the head, you are the Vice-President, you maybe the head,

:17:27. > :17:30.is your profession taking this seriously enough? Yeah, absolutely.

:17:31. > :17:34.We're really concerned about the rate. The rate of tears appears for

:17:35. > :17:38.increasing and significantly increasing and because this can have

:17:39. > :17:43.such dramatic impact on a woman's quality of life, we're really

:17:44. > :17:45.concerned. I was saying to Carol earlier, credit to her and other

:17:46. > :17:48.women on your show for coming forward because it is really

:17:49. > :17:57.difficult to talk about, but we are really committed. We at the Royal

:17:58. > :18:02.Royal College of Obstetricians and gynaecologists and this is a unique

:18:03. > :18:07.project with the two colleges are coming together, and we have got

:18:08. > :18:11.women's representatives and Carol agreed to join that as well, we need

:18:12. > :18:15.to hear from women about how we can best promote this subject. When you

:18:16. > :18:18.have your antenatal class, it has to be talked about because it certainly

:18:19. > :18:22.wasn't when I was having children and when it happens, the profession

:18:23. > :18:27.has to take it seriously and help that individual. At the Birmingham

:18:28. > :18:32.Women's Hospital and with help from the University of Birmingham I put a

:18:33. > :18:38.survey out across the country. I have over 1500 midwives who want

:18:39. > :18:42.more knowledge and training about perineal trauma. I have surveyed

:18:43. > :18:45.because what happens when you discharge from hospital is we lose

:18:46. > :18:48.the women. They go out to the community, they are cared for by the

:18:49. > :18:52.midwives and the GPs. I have got a survey, which was assisted by the

:18:53. > :18:56.University of Birmingham that actually shows over 200 GPs want

:18:57. > :19:01.training and information and that is where I come in and that's where the

:19:02. > :19:05.Birmingham Women's Hospital come in to do future research into providing

:19:06. > :19:09.that so the services can improve. We need to improve this part of

:19:10. > :19:17.postnatal care. I'm determined that we will improve it. Working with the

:19:18. > :19:21.Royal College of Ob and Gynae is the way we will do that. We were talking

:19:22. > :19:27.about guidelines and protocols and I know there will be new guidelines

:19:28. > :19:30.and protocols, there were guidelines and protocols when I had my son.

:19:31. > :19:38.What should have happened when a doctor decides to carry out a

:19:39. > :19:42.particular, whether it be a necessary differry, forceps, they

:19:43. > :19:46.must follow through. You wouldn't send someone to A with chest and

:19:47. > :19:51.then say, "We're not going to do anything." Mothers need to be looked

:19:52. > :19:56.after. If the mother isn't looked after, that baby is going to suffer

:19:57. > :20:02.and so will fathers and the rest and it has totally changed my life

:20:03. > :20:07.completely and my son, I feel, has missed out on so much. I can't get

:20:08. > :20:14.up in the morning and say to my son, "Let's go swimming." I can't did

:20:15. > :20:17.that because I have got to take 12 Imodium the night before to make

:20:18. > :20:25.sure there won't be an accident in the swimming pool.

:20:26. > :20:29.Katie e-mails, "A great piece being dealt with sympathetically: I

:20:30. > :20:33.suffered a big tear. The surgery was successful. I think that's important

:20:34. > :20:38.to share as well. It can be OK. The worst part was going for a six-week

:20:39. > :20:43.check-up when everything needed examining again." Louise said, "I

:20:44. > :20:50.had a massive tear and needed internal and external stitches, but

:20:51. > :20:55.I had to wait for a doctor. It was the most painful and horrific

:20:56. > :20:59.experience needing many injections of local anaesthetic, I screamed the

:21:00. > :21:03.place down. It was more painful than giving birth." Another viewer says,

:21:04. > :21:09."I was badly torn. Was left on the bed for four to five hours until

:21:10. > :21:17.someone came to sew me up. I was unable to go to the loo and I had to

:21:18. > :21:24.wee on the bed. I'm still difficult to have intercourse. Qthsz The key

:21:25. > :21:29.is talking about this anti-nately and I know some people are anxious

:21:30. > :21:34.about talking about it because they don't want to scare women. Women

:21:35. > :21:40.prefer to know. You need to know what you could be facing. Yes,

:21:41. > :21:43.definitely. Donna... Go on. Support afterwards. I think that's very

:21:44. > :21:48.important to have the emotional support. It is not just the physical

:21:49. > :21:51.support for your body to be able to realise and go through and

:21:52. > :21:54.understand what's happened to you and possibly why and in my case, I

:21:55. > :22:00.didn't know why and I still don't know why. But just to be able to

:22:01. > :22:03.have that support that you can talk to somebody and it is very often it

:22:04. > :22:07.is not the case, it is not available. I want to wish you all

:22:08. > :22:15.the best. Good luck with the next birth. Will you let us know what

:22:16. > :22:20.happens and how you get on? Do you know what you're having? No, a

:22:21. > :22:23.surprise. Can you surprise us lot when it has happened. Cheers, Donna,

:22:24. > :22:24.all the best, lots of love. Thank you very much for coming on the

:22:25. > :22:32.programme. Thank you. Thank you. A legal measure to protect UK troops

:22:33. > :22:35.from "vexatious" legal claims will be announced

:22:36. > :22:36.by the government today. It would mean parts

:22:37. > :22:38.of the European Convention on Human Rights could be suspended

:22:39. > :22:43.during future conflicts. The Ministry of Defence said it had

:22:44. > :22:46.spent over ?100 million on Iraq-related investigations,

:22:47. > :22:52.inquiries and compensation since 2004 and another 600

:22:53. > :22:54.complaints are being investigated over alleged war

:22:55. > :22:56.crimes in Afghanistan. They range from ill-treatment

:22:57. > :22:57.during detention to assault One of the cases being investigated

:22:58. > :23:05.is reported to include that of a Taliban bomb-maker

:23:06. > :23:07.who claims his arrest On this programme on Monday we're

:23:08. > :23:12.looking at the issue in detail. Conservative MP Johnny Mercer,

:23:13. > :23:15.a former Army captain who served in Helmand province and has

:23:16. > :23:27.campaigned on the issue, Because we ask soldiers to do very

:23:28. > :23:30.difficult things in dangerous circumstances you cannot apply

:23:31. > :23:34.civilian law that might otherwise be applicable in a small town outside a

:23:35. > :23:38.bar on a Thursday evening. There are different pressures. I'm just so

:23:39. > :23:41.pleased that we now appear to have got the message across. The Prime

:23:42. > :23:44.Minister and the Secretary of State for Defence appear for the, the

:23:45. > :23:49.opiniony seems to have dropped, that this is not correct behaviour. This

:23:50. > :23:51.is not conducive to high morale amongst the military. It is not

:23:52. > :23:54.conclusive to military effectiveness.

:23:55. > :23:57.We can speak to Jonny Mercer, conservative MP, and former

:23:58. > :24:02.Army captain who served in Helmand province.

:24:03. > :24:04.Major Judith Webb served in the British army

:24:05. > :24:07.for nineteen years and was the first woman to command an all-male

:24:08. > :24:14.field force squadron in the British Army.

:24:15. > :24:18.And in Lincoln, Major Andrew Sayers, who served in the army for 26 years.

:24:19. > :24:19.He also works with former veterans who face legal claims.

:24:20. > :24:25.What do you think? It is a fantastic first step. Nothing personified the

:24:26. > :24:29.gap between politicians and those who serve in this country at the

:24:30. > :24:33.moment and trying to apply European Human Rights law on operations. It

:24:34. > :24:35.demonstrated a fundamental misunderstanding of what we're

:24:36. > :24:39.asking our people to do. In what way? The scenarios that are involved

:24:40. > :24:45.in combat operations, you know, we are governed by the law of armed

:24:46. > :24:48.conflict. We are governed by the Geneva convention, this idea there

:24:49. > :24:51.is some breakdown is a myth. You cannot go around that country six or

:24:52. > :24:55.seven years later asking if anyone has got a problem with the military

:24:56. > :24:59.to come forward and make a claim and you will be supported by UK

:25:00. > :25:01.taxpayers and it will ruin these soldiers' lives, we are the only

:25:02. > :25:05.country in the world that has done this. The French der gated it when

:25:06. > :25:08.it came in. It was a mistake when it came in and I'm pleased the Prime

:25:09. > :25:11.Minister has taken this step today. You have been talking to various

:25:12. > :25:15.people for a film that you're making for us. Tell us more. It has been

:25:16. > :25:18.extremely moving. In this country we're good often as ministers and

:25:19. > :25:22.Government talking about what we put into this, what we put into veterans

:25:23. > :25:27.care, looking after people, actually we need to look at this differently

:25:28. > :25:31.and ask them what it is like going through the system, using veterans

:25:32. > :25:34.care, what is it like being subject to investigation for so long. Two

:25:35. > :25:39.soldiers have spoken bravely to me on tape and I think we can see a

:25:40. > :25:45.clip of one of them now. That day after, I mean, I went through hell.

:25:46. > :25:54.I couldn't sleep of a night. I was crying. I was sick. You know, I was,

:25:55. > :26:01.I drank so much, man. I drank a lot. I mean, and most days I didn't want

:26:02. > :26:05.to wake up and I use to be gutted when my eyes would waken, why

:26:06. > :26:09.couldn't I just fall asleep and not wake up? I shouldn't have had to

:26:10. > :26:15.feel that way. I shouldn't have had to come down that road and at night

:26:16. > :26:23.I tried to take my own life. I remember being in hospital and them

:26:24. > :26:31.saying to me, you're not well. I was like I'm OK. They said, "You're not.

:26:32. > :26:35." No one knew how to deal with me. The place that I went to that time

:26:36. > :26:41.was worse than any war I ever fought. Very, very upsetting. Tell

:26:42. > :26:45.us more about that case. Well, it is interesting. This was in the

:26:46. > :26:49.aftermath of the Iraq war and I think we've heard a lot particularly

:26:50. > :26:52.recently about the case os that enveloped our men and women in that

:26:53. > :26:55.process and this particular individual has been caught up in

:26:56. > :27:00.this investigation where someone drowned and you can see, you know,

:27:01. > :27:03.he is devastated by it. And like everyone else, you know, we

:27:04. > :27:08.understand that's somebody's son or daughter, we must investigate why

:27:09. > :27:13.that happened. But the idea that we continue that process for the rest

:27:14. > :27:15.of people's lives because some sort of spurious evidence has come

:27:16. > :27:18.forward. I think it is not acceptable and I'm really pleased

:27:19. > :27:24.that we're starting, this is the start, of correcting that process.

:27:25. > :27:29.OK, let's bring in Major Judith Webb. How do you react to this? I

:27:30. > :27:34.mean, he said it allment unfortunately, I wasn't able to hear

:27:35. > :27:39.that interview just then, but I totally support the fact that, and

:27:40. > :27:43.it is not about money, but the fact that British soldiers must feel that

:27:44. > :27:47.they are protected and can carry out their job without fear of being

:27:48. > :27:52.sued. Our soldiers are incredibly well trained and of course, they

:27:53. > :27:56.have to comply with the Geneva convention and any abuse of that

:27:57. > :28:00.must, of course, be investigated, but the idea that years afterwards,

:28:01. > :28:05.you know, soldiers have to live with the fact that something can possibly

:28:06. > :28:09.come out of the woodwork and there are grasping lawyers I'm afraid who

:28:10. > :28:14.are making money on this. And I think it is a very sensible

:28:15. > :28:20.decision. Major Andrew says, you served in the

:28:21. > :28:25.Army for 26 years and you worked with former vets who face claims.

:28:26. > :28:31.Can you give us examples of the kind of things they're facing? They are

:28:32. > :28:37.facing endless hounding. What are they alleged to have done? If you

:28:38. > :28:41.take the example that Johnny Mercer referred to, you have soldiers who

:28:42. > :28:46.were investigated for the Iraq drowning incident and they were

:28:47. > :28:50.cleared and exonerated. They then a few years later had to go through an

:28:51. > :28:54.investigation again and again and as recently as six years they were

:28:55. > :28:59.fully exonerated and now they are facing further allegations where

:29:00. > :29:03.they may face murder or manslaughter charges in the UK civil court and

:29:04. > :29:08.the fact you can never clear yourself and prove your innocence,

:29:09. > :29:11.if you are a member of the forces, is totally unsatisfactory. Mr

:29:12. > :29:16.Fallon's decision to make this statement and the Prime Minister is

:29:17. > :29:23.to be applauded, but where it fails is it doesn't deal with the here and

:29:24. > :29:25.now, the soldiers who are facing inquiries for their conduct from 40

:29:26. > :29:32.years ago, but they have been cleared many times already.

:29:33. > :29:35.Judith Webb, you said Johnny Mercer said, look, there is the Geneva

:29:36. > :29:38.convention, troops have to follow that, of course, I wonder if this

:29:39. > :29:41.announcement today sends out the message to troops that pretty much

:29:42. > :29:48.on the battlefield you can do what you need to do? Of course, it

:29:49. > :29:53.doesn't. Of course, it doesn't. No, I mean, sorry, are you talking to

:29:54. > :29:59.me. Yes, go ahead, and then I will ask Andrew? No, our soldiers are

:30:00. > :30:03.incredibly well trained and it is enforced on them always during their

:30:04. > :30:07.training about the need to comply with the Geneva convention and if

:30:08. > :30:12.they abuse that, of course, they get the full force of the law, but they

:30:13. > :30:16.do, our soldiers are very well trained and they're face with on

:30:17. > :30:19.occasion life and death, split second decision that is they have to

:30:20. > :30:23.make and I'm in the saying that any life is worth less than any other

:30:24. > :30:27.life, you know, our soldiers lives are worth more than others, but our

:30:28. > :30:28.soldiers have to feel that they can do their job and that they will be

:30:29. > :30:36.protected. What do you want Michael Fallon to

:30:37. > :30:41.do regarding the cases that are still ongoing? Would there have

:30:42. > :30:45.already been ample investigations and evidence to show there was no

:30:46. > :30:52.justification, they should be stopped. If he does feel that there

:30:53. > :30:57.is a case to answer, soldiers must face the full rigour of the law. But

:30:58. > :31:03.they are not being given support by the Ministry of Defence. They often

:31:04. > :31:07.left without appropriate legal advice, or they have to finance it

:31:08. > :31:11.themselves. This is quite wrong. They should get the backing of the

:31:12. > :31:20.Government and the Ministry of Defence, which is sadly not the case

:31:21. > :31:27.at the moment. Thank you. We look forward to your film next week. We

:31:28. > :31:29.will bring that full report to you on Monday.

:31:30. > :31:32.With the news, here's Joanna in the BBC Newsroom.

:31:33. > :31:34.The Health Secretary Jeremy Hunt will outline plans today so the NHS

:31:35. > :31:36.in England no longer relies on overseas doctors.

:31:37. > :31:38.He'll tell the Conservative Party conference in Birmingham this

:31:39. > :31:41.will be achieved through new funding to train an extra

:31:42. > :31:44.But the doctors' union the British Medical Association

:31:45. > :31:47.says it falls far short of what's required.

:31:48. > :31:50.The Prime Minister has told the BBC that extra British doctors are vital

:31:51. > :31:56.Extra money going into the training of doctors,

:31:57. > :32:03.The NHS is having to ensure that doctors can come in from overseas

:32:04. > :32:07.to ensure we have the numbers we need, and there are people

:32:08. > :32:11.here who may want to train as doctors who are not

:32:12. > :32:14.able to, because of the limits there have been.

:32:15. > :32:18.It is right that we are doing this, it will mean we will see more

:32:19. > :32:23.This programme has been given exclusive access to a new project

:32:24. > :32:25.which aims to cut the number of women severely injured

:32:26. > :32:30.It's the first time doctors and midwives have worked together

:32:31. > :32:34.They've come up with a number of techniques to help prevent

:32:35. > :32:37.injuries, including serious tears, that can lead to

:32:38. > :32:44.The project will be trialled in more than a dozen hospitals from January.

:32:45. > :32:47.The Government is to unveil new measures it says will protect UK

:32:48. > :32:51.The change in policy, to be announced at the Conservative

:32:52. > :32:53.conference, would mean parts of the European Convention

:32:54. > :32:57.on Human Rights could be suspended during future conflicts.

:32:58. > :32:59.The Defence Secretary Michael Fallon said the legal system

:33:00. > :33:04.The most-powerful hurricane in the Caribbean for almost ten

:33:05. > :33:07.years will reach Haiti in the next few hours.

:33:08. > :33:10.Hurricane Matthew is sweeping north through the region.

:33:11. > :33:14.Up to 40 inches of rain could fall in Haiti.

:33:15. > :33:18.There's a warning of life-threatening flash floods there,

:33:19. > :33:23.as well as in neighbouring Dominican Republic.

:33:24. > :33:29.Residents are being advised to do everything to protect lives.

:33:30. > :33:34.Ched Evans has arrived in court to face a retrial on an accusation of

:33:35. > :33:38.rape. The former Manchester city and Sheffield United striker is accused

:33:39. > :33:40.of raping a woman in 2011. He has pleaded not guilty.

:33:41. > :33:43.That's a summary of the latest news, join me for BBC

:33:44. > :33:50.Stoke City defender Glen Johnson was celebrating his shock recall

:33:51. > :33:54.to the England squad less than 48 hours ago, now he's out.

:33:55. > :33:56.The 32-year-old is injured and has been replaced in Gareth Southgate's

:33:57. > :33:59.squad for the qualifiers against Malta and Slovenia

:34:00. > :34:03.by Burnley's uncapped defender Michael Keane.

:34:04. > :34:07.Fifa president Gianni Infantino says he would like to see the World Cup

:34:08. > :34:11.expanded to 48 teams, up from the current 32.

:34:12. > :34:14.A final decision is likely in January.

:34:15. > :34:18.Andy Murray is on court in the first round of the China Open in Beijing,

:34:19. > :34:29.World number two Murray took the first set 6-2,

:34:30. > :34:33.And Hull forward Danny Houghton last night won rugby

:34:34. > :34:35.league's Man of Steel award for the season's best player.

:34:36. > :34:37.Houghton, whose last-minute tackle helped clinch the Challenge Cup

:34:38. > :34:40.final for Hull against Warrington, beat his club captain

:34:41. > :34:49.That is all be sport now, more across the BBC News channel through

:34:50. > :34:55.the day. Next, we're going to talk to people

:34:56. > :34:57.who found out their parents were in fact their aunt and uncle

:34:58. > :35:00.and the people they thought were relatives were in

:35:01. > :35:02.fact their parents. It's the subject of an Asian Network

:35:03. > :35:04.documentary tonight. A few years ago, I adopted my

:35:05. > :35:07.brother's son when he became I first found out about Raffio

:35:08. > :35:11.when he was ten months old. Prior to this, I didn't know

:35:12. > :35:13.I had a nephew. It was my brother called me and said

:35:14. > :35:19.he was struggling and he needed somebody within the family

:35:20. > :35:23.to look after his son. And instinctively, I think way

:35:24. > :35:26.before meeting him, I had already decided this

:35:27. > :35:32.was something I would like to do. I don't think he fully understands

:35:33. > :35:35.that I'm not his biological mum, although I have often said to him

:35:36. > :35:41.that I didn't give birth to you, so it caused questions,

:35:42. > :35:44."Where was I born?" Because to me, that's

:35:45. > :35:49.really where he was born. So I'm hoping he does understand,

:35:50. > :35:57.to an extent, he still quite young. We have a life-story book, which we

:35:58. > :36:08.go through, which simplifies Some Asian families who do do

:36:09. > :36:12.interfamily adoption choose to keep So I'm interested to find out

:36:13. > :36:17.the impact this has on those children when the truth

:36:18. > :36:24.finally comes out. There are no actual figures

:36:25. > :36:26.for how often it happens, because very few go

:36:27. > :36:29.through the formal adoption process. Asian Network presenter Suzi Mann

:36:30. > :36:33.adopted her brother's son. Kam Kumar was given to her aunt

:36:34. > :36:36.and uncle who were unable to conceive as a gift

:36:37. > :36:39.at just four days old. She found out she was

:36:40. > :36:42.adopted at the age of six. Her younger brother was also given

:36:43. > :36:45.to the same family members Huma Shah, was given away

:36:46. > :36:50.to her aunt by her father when she was five months old,

:36:51. > :36:53.as her aunt had struggled to have She found out the truth at the age

:36:54. > :36:58.of 17, when her biological mother paid a visit to the UK

:36:59. > :37:16.and revealed what had happened. Tell us about your son, your nephew,

:37:17. > :37:23.how do you describe him? I call him my son, he addresses me as mummy. I

:37:24. > :37:28.officially adopted him in 2013. I met him when he was ten months old,

:37:29. > :37:32.he moved at 18 months, and since then, great relationship, lovely

:37:33. > :37:38.bond. It is the best decision of my life. She went through a legal

:37:39. > :37:44.adoption process. Absolutely. I opted for adoption as opposed to

:37:45. > :37:47.becoming a kinship carers or special guardianship order, which is another

:37:48. > :37:54.option, to share parental response ability. I just wanted to offer him

:37:55. > :38:04.security and stability, which is most important. You have got a

:38:05. > :38:07.lifestyle book. A life story book. Most people will know that when you

:38:08. > :38:13.do go through a formal adoption, you are encouraged to speak to children

:38:14. > :38:18.about their background, their heritage,... And their biological

:38:19. > :38:25.parents. So they have a sense of belonging and it is normal. The book

:38:26. > :38:32.is very simple, it explains where he has been and how he has two

:38:33. > :38:38.families, one is his birth parents and his adoptive family, and he is

:38:39. > :38:41.loved by both very much. What about your own experiences? Tellers about

:38:42. > :38:46.the moment when you found out your parents were your aunt and uncle. I

:38:47. > :38:54.was 17, it was my summer good mum's birthday, and my biological mother

:38:55. > :38:59.came from Kenyon. She took me away in a room very quietly and told me

:39:00. > :39:07.what had happened. I just remember feeling quite numb. I shed a tear

:39:08. > :39:12.with her, because she was crying. I think that was a release at the

:39:13. > :39:15.time. It sounds like an oxen moron, saying you are numb but you cried.

:39:16. > :39:25.That was just my emotions taken over. How I felt at that point, it

:39:26. > :39:30.was quite a lot to digester. I just run the looking outside my window

:39:31. > :39:34.and thinking, I have real brothers and sisters. That gave me such a

:39:35. > :39:40.comfort in knowing that. I was the only child. How do you feel about

:39:41. > :39:46.it? How do you feel about what happened? Might of rendering, I have

:39:47. > :39:55.no qualms about, I had everything I wanted. But when I was 17, because I

:39:56. > :39:58.was sworn to secrecy, not to say anything, that was the hardest part,

:39:59. > :40:05.because I did not get closure in knowing answers to questions. Sworn

:40:06. > :40:13.to secrecy because? She was not supposed to tell me, I suppose. My

:40:14. > :40:17.biological mum did not want a scene or anything of that sort. Did it

:40:18. > :40:24.change how you felt towards your parents? Not at all. They have done

:40:25. > :40:28.everything a parent would do. For me, it was just a closure in

:40:29. > :40:33.knowing, why was it me, what happened? It was difficult, because

:40:34. > :40:37.I could not tell anybody that I had already known. From that

:40:38. > :40:44.perspective, things did prove inside. The impact of that was quite

:40:45. > :40:48.distressing, because I just got quite sick, just because I dissolved

:40:49. > :40:57.that information and blocked it inside of me. That is what happened.

:40:58. > :41:03.What about you, given to your aunt when you were four days old, why did

:41:04. > :41:07.your mum do this? Might adoptive mum could not have kids. She had four

:41:08. > :41:15.miscarriages. My biological parents, at the age of four days, it was like

:41:16. > :41:18.a press happening at their house, might adoptive dad's aren't

:41:19. > :41:27.approached my mum to ask if they could hand me over. Both my parents

:41:28. > :41:30.discussed it, and for them it was a positive thing, because they were so

:41:31. > :41:38.close to them anyway, it was a close-knit family, it was not much

:41:39. > :41:44.of a difference of where we were. For your payments it was a selfless

:41:45. > :41:48.act? Definitely. Respect for them both, how they did that, they

:41:49. > :41:55.selflessly handed me over to them. They were giving a gift, rather

:41:56. > :41:57.than, there you are. It was upsetting for my mum, but at the

:41:58. > :42:04.same time she was happy that she could get her sister a child. In our

:42:05. > :42:10.family, it was more of a positive. Could you imagine it? I could not,

:42:11. > :42:15.but if it was for my sibling, I would do the same, because we are so

:42:16. > :42:21.close. It is family, so if it makes the other person happy, why not? It

:42:22. > :42:24.is your child, you have given birth! With might adoptive mum she brought

:42:25. > :42:30.us all up the same. My sisters were no different from me or my Jungle

:42:31. > :42:41.Brothers, we were brought up together anyway, two close families.

:42:42. > :42:47.Two different houses. -- young brothers. There is a lot of

:42:48. > :42:53.information -- emotion involved. The difference between their situations

:42:54. > :43:02.is there was a closeness of family, whereas after your adoption there

:43:03. > :43:04.was distance, there was no communication with biological and

:43:05. > :43:10.adoptive parents. Maybe that was their way of dealing with it.

:43:11. > :43:15.Absolutely. I got no closure in knowing that, so expectations had

:43:16. > :43:20.increased on my part when I turned 18. The certain times of the year

:43:21. > :43:26.when you expect a phone call, nothing, so my question was, why

:43:27. > :43:31.tell me when there was no follow-up? Why did your mum tell you? I don't

:43:32. > :43:37.know. I still have not addressed that situation. How I have coped is

:43:38. > :43:41.knowing I have a great family, a great network of support, and

:43:42. > :43:48.whatever it is, whatever has happened has happened, and I just

:43:49. > :43:54.have to move on. Can you do that? Absolutely. I have healed in my own

:43:55. > :43:58.way. What is it that you are damaged from? The telling of the truth? The

:43:59. > :44:06.fact it was not your biological parents who brought you up? The

:44:07. > :44:09.giving away? I had the expectation that the families would be brought

:44:10. > :44:18.closer, but it went the opposite way. I paid a trip to Kenya in 2012,

:44:19. > :44:26.to get some answers, some closure. I travelled alone. I got nothing. That

:44:27. > :44:33.was a bit distressing. After that, I put it behind me. I moved on. Having

:44:34. > :44:36.said that, there are still events to unfold in my life, I feel it may

:44:37. > :44:40.come back again, and these feelings may be reignited as and when I

:44:41. > :44:47.perhaps get married or have my child. But it is yet to be

:44:48. > :44:52.discovered. It is not uncommon, especially in the Asian community,

:44:53. > :44:57.where you are brought up all looked after by your extended family. Maybe

:44:58. > :45:03.not necessarily an official adoption takes place, but when I was seven,

:45:04. > :45:07.and of the story is my parents sent me off to India to live with my

:45:08. > :45:11.grandparents, and they explained that the childcare was too

:45:12. > :45:14.expensive, they could not afford for two children, they needed to make a

:45:15. > :45:21.living. We accepted it. There are so many of these cases that took place

:45:22. > :45:23.especially in the 70s and 80s. I am not sure if it still exists now, but

:45:24. > :45:39.it seemed to be fairly normal. A tweet from a viewer, "I am in the

:45:40. > :45:41.process of adopting my 15 dwrerld niece."

:45:42. > :45:44.Suzi's documentary, Passing the Baby is on the BBC Asian Network today

:45:45. > :45:55.Thank you very much. Nice to meet you. Thank you.

:45:56. > :45:57."Even now there are moments when I shake my head

:45:58. > :46:00.at the madness of it all - going from the factory floor

:46:01. > :46:03.and playing Sunday morning pub football with my mates,

:46:04. > :46:05.to scoring for my country against the World Cup

:46:06. > :46:19.Those are the e words of Leicester City's star

:46:20. > :46:22.striker Jamie Vardy who has that classic rags to riches story.

:46:23. > :46:24.It's all told in his autobiography called From Nowhere,

:46:25. > :46:26.My Story and he's been speaking to Sally Nugent.

:46:27. > :46:29.How did you feel about writing a book at this point?

:46:30. > :46:32.Was it because of the success of the last season or did you feel

:46:33. > :46:34.like you had more of a story to tell?

:46:35. > :46:37.I think it was definitely more of a story to tell.

:46:38. > :46:40.A lot has happened over the years so I think I might

:46:41. > :46:41.as well let everyone know about it.

:46:42. > :46:53.Things have changed so much for you over the last ten years.

:46:54. > :46:58.All I ever wanted to do was play football.

:46:59. > :47:02.Obviously back then with my mates. That's all I really enjoyed doing.

:47:03. > :47:05.So straight away that is what I really wanted to do.

:47:06. > :47:10.I was playing for a local team called York County to start

:47:11. > :47:12.with and then I got picked up by Sheffield Wednesday,

:47:13. > :47:15.stayed there for a number of years and then unfortunately that's

:47:16. > :47:19.They actually said you were too small to continue to

:47:20. > :47:28.I didn't know what to do with myself.

:47:29. > :47:31.I had been there that long in my life that you just think

:47:32. > :47:34.that's what's going to happen for you, you were going to be

:47:35. > :47:39.You kind of went off the rails for a while, didn't you?

:47:40. > :47:42.It were definitely a massive impact on my life because that's all I ever

:47:43. > :47:45.You were working in a factory, weren't you?

:47:46. > :47:48.What was that time in your life like?

:47:49. > :47:51.A few of the lads who worked at the same place I played football

:47:52. > :47:57.It was like we were still altogether.

:47:58. > :48:01.As soon as we had a break we had a kick about in the car park

:48:02. > :48:06.It was enjoyable but I got to the stage where I decided to pack

:48:07. > :48:09.it in and concentrate on football for a year and luckily I think it

:48:10. > :48:12.were only three days I were out of work before I got signed up

:48:13. > :48:15.What happened, how did that come about?

:48:16. > :48:18.I got a phone call off my agent asking me how much I know

:48:19. > :48:21.about Fleetwood Town, to which my reply was nothing.

:48:22. > :48:25.And he just said, "I think you need to do a bit of research

:48:26. > :48:27.because we're going to meet them tonight," and we went

:48:28. > :48:33.And looking back over the last year or so,

:48:34. > :48:36.at the start of last season, did you ever dream it

:48:37. > :48:41.would end the way it did with Leicester as champions?

:48:42. > :48:45.No, not at all, we were just taking every single game as they came.

:48:46. > :48:47.The new boss came in and he set us targets, he wanted 40 points,

:48:48. > :48:53.So as soon as we got to the 40 points that's when we carried

:48:54. > :48:57.on stepping it up and again and setting another target.

:48:58. > :49:00.What was that night like in this house with everybody

:49:01. > :49:08.Well, I say that, it wasn't good while Tottenham were 2-0 up.

:49:09. > :49:17.Then Chelsea got a goal back and everyone started

:49:18. > :49:24.to get a bit livelier again and the second one went

:49:25. > :49:28.I'm surprised the kids stayed asleep.

:49:29. > :49:33.Can you ever just go with your friends and sit in the pub

:49:34. > :49:37.I probably could but obviously there would be a lot of people

:49:38. > :49:39.coming over and asking for pictures and wanting signatures.

:49:40. > :49:42.So it's easier to just remove yourself from the equation

:49:43. > :49:50.Being at home with the family and at the end of the day I get

:49:51. > :49:52.to chill here and do things with the kids here.

:49:53. > :49:56.If it's getting in from training and the kids want me to get

:49:57. > :49:58.on the trampoline with them then so be it.

:49:59. > :50:00.I'm the one that's got to bounce them high.

:50:01. > :50:04.Or if they want a game of football in the back garden even though I've

:50:05. > :50:06.been training all morning then that's what I'll do with them.

:50:07. > :50:10.Jamie Vardy's autobiography is called From Nowhere, My Story.

:50:11. > :50:13.Doctors could have to pay back the cost of their training

:50:14. > :50:15.if they leave the NHS too quickly, under plans to end

:50:16. > :50:19.About a quarter of the medical workforce is trained outside the UK,

:50:20. > :50:22.but the impact of Brexit and a global shortage of doctors

:50:23. > :50:25.could make it harder to recruit so many in the future.

:50:26. > :50:27.England's Health Secretary Jeremy Hunt will announce today that junior

:50:28. > :50:30.doctors will be tied to the NHS for four years after qualifying.

:50:31. > :50:32.If they want to work abroad, they'll have to repay

:50:33. > :50:34.the Government's contribution to the cost of medical

:50:35. > :50:36.school if they move abroad or into private practice.

:50:37. > :50:40.Training a doctor costs the taxpayer ?220,000.

:50:41. > :50:43.Let's talk to Aislinn Macklin is a junior doctor and a member

:50:44. > :50:50.Hello to you. Hello. Good morning, how are you? I'm very well, thank

:50:51. > :50:55.you. What do you think of this plan that doctors would have to pay some

:50:56. > :50:58.of the costs back if they move abroad within four years after

:50:59. > :51:06.qualifying? Well, I think it all tie ins with much of what we see with

:51:07. > :51:10.Jeremy Hunt which I think is a very misleading and misrepresentation and

:51:11. > :51:15.a rhetoric around doctors not being committed to the NHS. What we have

:51:16. > :51:20.seen with the Secretary of State over the last year and with all of

:51:21. > :51:23.his policies actually, he has created an NHS that is drastically

:51:24. > :51:30.under staffed, drastically under funded. He has imposed a contract on

:51:31. > :51:34.us that the entire profession and many of his own advisors have

:51:35. > :51:39.rejected and he has created these kind of very difficult conditions in

:51:40. > :51:44.the NHS and he is now creating in rhetoric where he is questioning our

:51:45. > :51:48.loyalty to... Can I ask you about the principle. I understand what

:51:49. > :51:53.you're saying about his rhetoric. The actual plan if you go abroad or

:51:54. > :51:56.go into private practise within four years of qualifying, do you agree

:51:57. > :52:00.with the principle that you should pay back some of the costs? I think

:52:01. > :52:07.it is important to highlight that medical school fees for us ourselves

:52:08. > :52:13.will be now ?60,000, ?80,000 and you're starting on a basic salary of

:52:14. > :52:20.?22,000. We are also taxpayers. The NHS is one of the most well

:52:21. > :52:23.respected and rightly well invested institutions and Britain should be

:52:24. > :52:28.very proud of it and doctors are very proud to work in the NHS, but

:52:29. > :52:31.it needs, it does need to have the appropriate investment. It does need

:52:32. > :52:36.the appropriate resources and I just think this rhetoric of holding us to

:52:37. > :52:41.ransom, to an institution that we are very, very dedicated to, I think

:52:42. > :52:45.is a very dangerous and quite a divisive rhetoric and it shows a

:52:46. > :52:49.lack of respect for what doctors, what the service that they provide

:52:50. > :52:56.every day in the NHS is actually doing. We work far and above the

:52:57. > :52:59.hours that we should. We are working in increasingly difficult situations

:53:00. > :53:03.where hospitals are closed and beds are being closed and operations are

:53:04. > :53:07.being cancelled and it is the doctors goodwill and their 100%

:53:08. > :53:10.commitment to the NHS that is keeping it going at the moment. So I

:53:11. > :53:14.think the Secretary of State needs to take some of the responsibility

:53:15. > :53:18.of that burden rather than transferring it and projecting it on

:53:19. > :53:23.to doctors and claim that they are not committed to the NHS. I think he

:53:24. > :53:27.would need to look at what the policies that he has driven through,

:53:28. > :53:35.what this contract will do. So I want you to be clear, is it a

:53:36. > :53:39.sensible proposal? What to have, well, all doctors do. All doctors

:53:40. > :53:45.will. The vast majority of doctors stay in the NHS. What I don't think

:53:46. > :53:51.it captures is the fact that when you go abroad and you bring back

:53:52. > :53:56.experience to the NHS, I myself have worked in the States and people

:53:57. > :54:02.bring back a lot of excellent experience and knowledge when they

:54:03. > :54:07.return from. So I think it is a renlg I had policy and I think it is

:54:08. > :54:11.again to deflect the responsibility about what is happening in the NHS

:54:12. > :54:15.away from the Secretary of State and to try and put that on doctors.

:54:16. > :54:22.Thank you very much. Thank you for talking to us.

:54:23. > :54:27.Thank you very much. We have been overwhelmed actually by

:54:28. > :54:29.experiences that you shared of injuries you have sustained during

:54:30. > :54:34.childbirth. It sounds extraordinary saying that. Injuries sustained

:54:35. > :54:38.during childbirth, but they really have affected your lives. So many of

:54:39. > :54:43.you getting in touch to say it is hardly ever talked about. Up to 85%

:54:44. > :54:46.of women have some sort of tear during their first natural birth,

:54:47. > :54:49.but the most severe tears affect around 6% of women. So it is

:54:50. > :54:53.important to keep that prospective there.

:54:54. > :54:58.You can read more about it on our programme page. Let's talk to Rachel

:54:59. > :55:03.who got in touch with us. Rachel Cartwright who is in Essex who had a

:55:04. > :55:08.fourth degree tear. Hi Rachel? Hi Victoria. How are you? I'm very

:55:09. > :55:10.well, thank you. Tell our audience about what happened to you and what

:55:11. > :55:15.you think about the fact that we're discussing it today? Yes. I had a

:55:16. > :55:21.four degree tear after the birth of my son. I had a fantastic labour.

:55:22. > :55:27.Very kind of low intervention in a birth centre that was just

:55:28. > :55:33.fantastic. I had a water labour. But then towards the end it was kind of

:55:34. > :55:36.appearing as if my son was not going to be coming without any

:55:37. > :55:43.intervention, I would have looked him birthed in the pool, in the

:55:44. > :55:49.water, but I wasn't able to. After forceps and a cut, my son was born,

:55:50. > :55:54.healthy and happy, fine, he was a big baby nine pounds, one ounce and

:55:55. > :55:59.he had a larger head than average so I was told and after his birth I

:56:00. > :56:04.found out that I had the most severe tear that you could, a fourth degree

:56:05. > :56:11.tear which is tearing into your rectum as well and I needed to two

:56:12. > :56:17.hours of surgery. I had to have a spinal block. I had to go off and

:56:18. > :56:22.have two hours of surgery leaving my husband with our son which was very

:56:23. > :56:27.daunting for him and not ideal for myself want to go stay with him and

:56:28. > :56:31.breastfeed straightaway and do the skin to skin contact, all the thing

:56:32. > :56:35.that you're encouraged to do. It wasn't ideal, but at the time I was

:56:36. > :56:38.very much focussed on his health and as long as I came out of surgery,

:56:39. > :56:43.you know, kind of healthy and alive and well, then that was the priority

:56:44. > :56:47.at the time. It is since then that you start to reflect and realise

:56:48. > :56:51.just how severe and life changing it can be.

:56:52. > :56:53.Well, but in your scenario, it sounds like the medical

:56:54. > :56:58.professionals did what they're supposed to do? Yes. They were

:56:59. > :57:02.super. Apart from a delay because it was busy so I had to wait for an

:57:03. > :57:07.hour before I could go into surgery because they didn't have the

:57:08. > :57:11.anesthetist at the time, but the surgeon I can only really thank

:57:12. > :57:18.because he was fantastic at doing his job. Amazing because I haven't

:57:19. > :57:21.had any long-term so far repercussions, there could be later

:57:22. > :57:27.on in life. Everything weakens as you age, but at the moment I'm

:57:28. > :57:31.really thankful because I don't have the double incontinence whiches was

:57:32. > :57:35.talked through by midwives about that being the potential, about

:57:36. > :57:39.pain, about problems with infa Massey. There is a range of issues

:57:40. > :57:44.that women have to face when they've had severe tears and I'm really one

:57:45. > :57:48.of the lucky ones. And that's just, I think, down to, the skill of the

:57:49. > :57:52.surgeon, but a lot down to luck because I think it is the luck of

:57:53. > :57:56.the draw. But no one talks about it, do they? I never read about this, I

:57:57. > :57:59.have never seen it on TV. I was on the radio for 16 years and we never

:58:00. > :58:03.discussed this en, do you know what I mean? It was talked about in a two

:58:04. > :58:08.minute slot in our NCT classes, you might have a tear and you might need

:58:09. > :58:11.a cut, but nothing so severe and until you actually have a baby and

:58:12. > :58:16.it happens to you, and you talk to other women, and you realise that

:58:17. > :58:21.yes, it is more common than you realise, but it is very rare, I

:58:22. > :58:25.don't want to scare other mums to be, it is very rare. Rachel, I could

:58:26. > :58:28.talk to you all day. Thank you so much. Thank you for coming on the

:58:29. > :58:31.programme. I really appreciate it. Cheers.

:58:32. > :58:33.On the programme tomorrow we'll bring you an interview

:58:34. > :58:34.with Anne Darwin, a mum of two who helped her husband