11/10/2016

:00:00. > :00:08.Hello, it's 9am, I'm Victoria Derbyshire,

:00:09. > :00:13.This morning, we'll be live at the publication of a report

:00:14. > :00:15.into the stabbing of Aberdeen schoolboy Bailey Gwynne,

:00:16. > :00:18.who was killed by a fellow pupil in a fight at Cults Academy last

:00:19. > :00:25.Were warning signs about his killer missed?

:00:26. > :00:28.Also on the programme, people in serious debt who have

:00:29. > :00:30.mental-health issues are being charged, sometimes over ?100,

:00:31. > :00:34.for doctors' letters flagging their condition.

:00:35. > :00:38.We find out about the campaign that wants to stop the charging.

:00:39. > :00:40.And, a major report from Save The Children says that

:00:41. > :00:43.around the world a girl under the age of 15 is married

:00:44. > :01:06.Hello, welcome to the programme, we're live until 11am this morning.

:01:07. > :01:09.Save The Children says a 15-year-old girl is married every seven seconds.

:01:10. > :01:11.Model Poppy Delevigne has been to Ethiopia to see

:01:12. > :01:24.If you have been charged for a letter or medical evidence from your

:01:25. > :01:30.GP, let us know, we will talk to Martin Lewis at 9:45am.

:01:31. > :01:33.The electronics company Samsung has told customers around the world

:01:34. > :01:36.to turn off their Galaxy Note 7 smartphones while it

:01:37. > :01:38.investigates why some of the devices have caught fire.

:01:39. > :01:40.It's also suspended global sales of the new phone,

:01:41. > :01:46.which has yet to be officially released in the UK.

:01:47. > :01:52.Samsung boasted about its water-resistant properties.

:01:53. > :01:55.But now, the Galaxy Note 7 has been withdrawn from sale

:01:56. > :02:03.Anyone who has one is being told to switch it off and keep it off.

:02:04. > :02:07.Samsung had to recall more than 2 million phones last month,

:02:08. > :02:10.when reports began to emerge of the battery catching fire.

:02:11. > :02:15.But then there were fresh reports of the replacement phones doing

:02:16. > :02:18.exactly the same thing, in this case on a plane.

:02:19. > :02:22.I noticed smoke just pouring out of my pocket.

:02:23. > :02:25.I pulled the phone out of my pocket, threw it on the ground,

:02:26. > :02:27.Many airlines have now banned their passengers

:02:28. > :02:32.This 13-year-old girl in Minnesota said her thumb was burnt

:02:33. > :02:40.Pulled it up, and I saw smoke, and I threw it on the floor.

:02:41. > :02:43.It felt like pins and needles, except a lot more intense.

:02:44. > :02:47.Samsung have not said what is causing the new problem.

:02:48. > :02:52.Clearly, after new phones have been released, after the recall,

:02:53. > :02:54.and the new phones have issues as well, there's something else

:02:55. > :03:00.in the phone circuitry that Samsung missed and they should be fixing.

:03:01. > :03:02.Samsung's shares have plunged in value.

:03:03. > :03:11.The company is struggling to control the fallout from this latest crisis.

:03:12. > :03:15.Let's chat to our Technology Correspondent Rory Cellan-Jones.

:03:16. > :03:22.You have one of these phones, you have switched it off, which is the

:03:23. > :03:28.advice, because what might happen if you switch it on? The first time it

:03:29. > :03:35.came out, in late August in parts of the world, on the day it was due to

:03:36. > :03:38.go on sale in the UK they put out this global recall, because some of

:03:39. > :03:43.them had caught fire in various places. They thought they had dealt

:03:44. > :03:49.with it, they replaced them. This is a replacement phone. Last week,

:03:50. > :03:54.reports started emerging from the US, we have had at least five now,

:03:55. > :03:58.the same thing happening. They thought they had dealt with what

:03:59. > :04:00.they said was a fault with a battery from one supplier. The new phones

:04:01. > :04:07.had batteries from different suppliers. The same problem has

:04:08. > :04:09.occurred. One teenage girl in the United States said it started

:04:10. > :04:16.burning up in her hand. She dropped it on the floor, started smoking. A

:04:17. > :04:24.passenger on an aircraft, the phone started smoking. A huge crisis for

:04:25. > :04:30.Samsung. Is it partly because we are asking for a tiny battery to do so

:04:31. > :04:34.much? Absolutely. These batteries are miracles, they are packing a lot

:04:35. > :04:39.of energy into smaller spaces, we will be phones to last all day, they

:04:40. > :04:43.rarely do. In some cases, it does not have to be many, just too much

:04:44. > :04:49.strain is being put on the batteries. It is a nightmare for the

:04:50. > :04:54.company, but it is a nightmare timing wise, because of Apple's new

:04:55. > :04:58.iPhone, and Google's products. What can they do to restore their

:04:59. > :05:02.reputation? They have got a lot of praise at the beginning of September

:05:03. > :05:06.when they had the global recall, people said they are spending the

:05:07. > :05:10.money, putting safety first. This time they have been more

:05:11. > :05:16.flat-footed, the reports started emerging, they did not seem

:05:17. > :05:19.concerned. I have spoken to them yesterday afternoon because a

:05:20. > :05:24.customer in the UK was worried. They said, no worries, he has got a

:05:25. > :05:29.replacement phone, it is fine to use. If you hours later they put out

:05:30. > :05:36.this statement. A lot of work to do to stop the affect of this damaging

:05:37. > :05:40.the whole brand. They are the top end smartphone maker in the android

:05:41. > :05:45.market, which is much bigger than the Apple market. They have got this

:05:46. > :05:49.new high-end competitor from Google, the owners of android, so they are

:05:50. > :05:53.facing stiff competition. They are in disarray. We will talk more

:05:54. > :05:54.later. Joanna is in the BBC

:05:55. > :05:56.Newsroom with a summary A new series of stoppages has begun

:05:57. > :06:01.this morning on Southern Railway. The dispute over changes to the role

:06:02. > :06:04.of conductors on trains has already caused months of disruption

:06:05. > :06:06.for passengers in Welcome to the country's most

:06:07. > :06:13.unreliable train service. Strikes are becoming part

:06:14. > :06:19.of the daily commute. They are caught in the middle

:06:20. > :06:22.of a row about who does this, The company wants drivers to take

:06:23. > :06:27.on the job from on-board conductors, saying it's common practice on other

:06:28. > :06:30.trains and it frees them up The RMT union says its less safe

:06:31. > :06:37.and will eventually cost jobs. One thing would be for a passenger

:06:38. > :06:48.assembly where members of the RMT, where management from GTR

:06:49. > :06:52.and where Government ministers gave straight answers to straight

:06:53. > :06:54.questions about this debacle. There has been way too much blame

:06:55. > :06:57.shifting going on and passengers just want to know when they will be

:06:58. > :07:00.able to depend on a rail service to get them to work and to get them

:07:01. > :07:04.home again at the end of the day. Both sides have upped

:07:05. > :07:07.the ante in recent weeks. Southern has told conductors

:07:08. > :07:15.to sign new contacts, accepting changes to their role,

:07:16. > :07:17.or potentially lose their job. The RMT union has told members

:07:18. > :07:20.to sign the contracts This latest action will last three

:07:21. > :07:24.days but it is part of 14 days of walk-outs between now and early

:07:25. > :07:26.December. There seems little chance

:07:27. > :07:30.of a deal any time soon. Receptionists questioning patients

:07:31. > :07:34.about why they need to see their GP could be putting sick people off

:07:35. > :07:37.making an appointment, according to a survey

:07:38. > :07:40.by Cancer Research UK. Almost 40% of patients said

:07:41. > :07:43.they disliked talking to GPs see 60 million more patients

:07:44. > :07:53.a year compared to five years ago, and say that their receptionists

:07:54. > :07:56.play a pivotal role. But Cancer Research UK's study

:07:57. > :08:01.suggests receptionists' questions can discourage people from seeing

:08:02. > :08:05.the doctor at all. Of the 2,000 people questioned,

:08:06. > :08:09.40% said talking to receptionists about their symptoms put them

:08:10. > :08:13.off from going. 42% said difficulty getting

:08:14. > :08:17.a convenient time was a barrier, and 42% said they were discouraged

:08:18. > :08:20.by problems in seeing Cancer Research UK says Britain's

:08:21. > :08:26.cancer-survival rate is amongst the lowest

:08:27. > :08:29.of developed countries, and reducing late

:08:30. > :08:32.diagnosis is crucial. It's very important to understand

:08:33. > :08:35.what might put people off In fact, it is certainly not

:08:36. > :08:41.the whole explanation. But it may possibly be playing

:08:42. > :08:43.into something around how comfortable people feel

:08:44. > :08:46.when they are going to talk The Royal College of GPs said it

:08:47. > :08:51.understood that patients would sometimes prefer to speak

:08:52. > :08:55.to their doctor directly, especially if their concern

:08:56. > :09:01.was sensitive in nature. A former cabinet minister has

:09:02. > :09:05.likened Russia's role in the war in Syria to that of the Nazi regime

:09:06. > :09:12.in the 1930s. Ahead of an emergency Commons debate

:09:13. > :09:14.on the humanitarian crisis in the Syrian city of Aleppo,

:09:15. > :09:17.Andrew Mitchell accused Russia of "shredding" international law

:09:18. > :09:20.with its bombing campaign Our Assistant Political

:09:21. > :09:37.Editor Norman Smith Does he say what he wants to happen?

:09:38. > :09:40.We will hear a lot of condemnation and outrage today about the bombing

:09:41. > :09:47.of civilians, but in terms of concrete lands, something to do, I

:09:48. > :09:50.doubt we will hear much at all, because the indications are that the

:09:51. > :09:55.diplomatic route has hit a brick wall, with Russia vetoing United

:09:56. > :10:01.Nations resolutions, the merger route seems to going nowhere while

:10:02. > :10:05.America is locked in a presidential election, and there is a reluctance

:10:06. > :10:12.to confront Russia. When you put that together, while we will help's

:10:13. > :10:19.hear plenty of condemnation, from the Foreign Secretary and Defence

:10:20. > :10:24.Secretary, whether we will actually hear some sort of plan to stop the

:10:25. > :10:28.bombing seems pretty doubtful, albeit that Andrew Mitchell, when he

:10:29. > :10:32.was speaking to Victoria a short time ago, said it was important that

:10:33. > :10:38.at least Parliament expressed its horror at what was going on.

:10:39. > :10:43.What the Russians are doing on Aleppo is very similar to what the

:10:44. > :10:47.Nazis did to Guernica during the Spanish Civil War in the 1930s. They

:10:48. > :10:54.are using incendiary bombs indiscriminate force from the air,

:10:55. > :10:58.tipping tonnes of high explosives act from 30,000 feet, and

:10:59. > :11:04.pulverising innocent civilians. It is completely unacceptable.

:11:05. > :11:09.One option that he is keen to push is the idea of a no-fly zone, to

:11:10. > :11:15.provide some sort of safe haven for civilians in and around Aleppo. But

:11:16. > :11:19.even that seems questionable. There are doubts as to who would be

:11:20. > :11:23.willing to provide that air cover, and what would happen if you ended

:11:24. > :11:26.up in a combat situation with Russian planes. Even that option

:11:27. > :11:30.seems unlikely to be pursued. Homeowners in flood-risk areas

:11:31. > :11:32.should be doing more to protect their homes

:11:33. > :11:34.from future damage. That's according to the Association

:11:35. > :11:36.of British Insurers, which says owners need

:11:37. > :11:38.to make their homes Last month the Environment Agency

:11:39. > :11:41.criticised the insurance industry That's a summary of the latest BBC

:11:42. > :11:59.News, more at 9:30am. We will talk about the Crown --

:12:00. > :12:02.these sweeping the nation, we will talk to a Police and Crime

:12:03. > :12:11.Commissioner who says this has got out of hand. That is after 9:30pm.

:12:12. > :12:16.-- 9:30am. And a real clown, who says the reputational damage is not

:12:17. > :12:20.good. If you have come across a scary clown, let me know, we will

:12:21. > :12:26.talk about it just after 9:30am. Sophie says she was charged for a

:12:27. > :12:31.letter from her doctor. I needed a note from the GP regarding my mental

:12:32. > :12:35.health and the stress upon me from university and other personal

:12:36. > :12:39.matters. This was to let me have extra time for a piece of work that

:12:40. > :12:43.needed to be handed in. The doctor did not say there was a charge until

:12:44. > :12:48.after she wrote it, and I could not collect the letter without paying

:12:49. > :12:53.first. I was charged ?15 and it was a measly three lines of writing. I

:12:54. > :12:54.was appalled. Your own experiences, do get in touch.

:12:55. > :12:59.If you text, you will be charged at the standard network rate.

:13:00. > :13:01.Let's get some sport now with John Watson.

:13:02. > :13:04.Let's start with some candid comments from Wayne Rooney

:13:05. > :13:06.after he reacted to being dropped by England for tonight's

:13:07. > :13:19.In a very mature and gracious way. Absolutely. That was the only way he

:13:20. > :13:25.could have dealt with it. It would not have reflected on him well if he

:13:26. > :13:28.hadn't. He has taken it with good grace, he said it is no

:13:29. > :13:32.embarrassment to start from the bench in the World Cup qualifier

:13:33. > :13:38.against Slovenia later. He admitted he is not the 17-year-old he was, he

:13:39. > :13:43.cannot do the things he did then. He made such a huge impact, he has been

:13:44. > :13:48.the shining light ever since. This is the first time in 13 years he has

:13:49. > :13:54.not started for England, the first time he will be on the bench for 13

:13:55. > :13:58.years of. It is a significant moment in his career. Everybody has an

:13:59. > :14:01.opinion on him, it was something reflected in the comments that his

:14:02. > :14:26.wife made yesterday, launching to his defence.

:14:27. > :14:32.You can understand she feels strongly about it, it must feel that

:14:33. > :14:34.everybody has an opinion on where he should be playing at the moment.

:14:35. > :14:37.West Ham were in the headlines last week for their treatment

:14:38. > :14:43.Seems as though things might have changed?

:14:44. > :14:50.We ran a feature as part of women's Sportsweek last week, the ladies

:14:51. > :14:54.team were not being afforded the same luxuries that the men's team

:14:55. > :14:58.work, they could not train in some of the facilities, they had to warm

:14:59. > :15:03.up alongside a road, they had to pay for pitch hire, they had to raise

:15:04. > :15:08.money for kit, they had to play in last season's kit. But following a

:15:09. > :15:13.complaint lodged with the FA from the team's chairman, who said this

:15:14. > :15:16.amounted to sex discrimination, West Ham have acted and they have said

:15:17. > :15:21.that they will be brought into the Weston family. They have said,

:15:22. > :15:23.women's football will become bigger, better and stronger. Good news for

:15:24. > :15:31.their team. Tiger Woods yet another aborted

:15:32. > :15:35.comeback for him? Yeah, it is. I guess everybody is still asking the

:15:36. > :15:38.question when will we ever see Tiger Woods return to a golf course? He

:15:39. > :15:42.planned to make a return numerous times before and he has cancelled

:15:43. > :15:47.his most recent appearance. He was due to be playing next week,

:15:48. > :15:51.delaying his return to a PGA Tour. Remember, it has been 15 months

:15:52. > :15:55.since he last played a competitive match. He was a vice-captain at the

:15:56. > :15:58.Ryder Cup. But you just wonder what now for Tiger Woods? It is

:15:59. > :16:02.interesting to say, it is not his fitness this time, he had back

:16:03. > :16:06.problems, he had an affair which contributed to a drop in form. He

:16:07. > :16:11.has blamed not coming back because of injury, but it seems he is fine.

:16:12. > :16:15.He says he's fit and healthy, but he doesn't want to play and his game is

:16:16. > :16:20.vulnerable and I guess he feels he will only go back and play if he can

:16:21. > :16:22.win golf matches and at the moment he doesn't feel like he can do that.

:16:23. > :16:25.Thanks, John. On 28th October last year,

:16:26. > :16:28.during a lunch break at the Cults Academy in Aberdeen,

:16:29. > :16:32.16-year-old Bailey Gwynne, was stabbed in the heart by a fellow

:16:33. > :16:36.pupil after a row over a biscuit The killer, who cannot be named,

:16:37. > :16:40.was jailed for nine Later this morning, the findings

:16:41. > :16:50.of an independent report into the stabbing are expected to be

:16:51. > :16:53.critical of social services, after the BBC revealed earlier this

:16:54. > :17:04.year that concerns had been raised about the killer nine

:17:05. > :17:05.years previously. In a moment, we'll talk

:17:06. > :17:08.to Councillor Marie Boulton, who is deputy leader

:17:09. > :17:10.of Aberdeen City Council and has But first, our correspondent

:17:11. > :17:13.Ben Ando, who is waiting Ben, take us back to

:17:14. > :17:25.that day last October. Well, it was a normal school day.

:17:26. > :17:27.Thousands and thousands and thousands of schoolchildren up and

:17:28. > :17:31.down the country go to school and they take part in their lessons and

:17:32. > :17:34.their activities and they have their lunch break and then they go home.

:17:35. > :17:38.Unfortunately on this day there was a row, as you said, a scuffle over a

:17:39. > :17:43.bus cut and accusations were thrown and it turned into a scuffle, it

:17:44. > :17:46.turned into a fight. At that point one of the youngsters involved

:17:47. > :17:51.pulled out a knife that he bought on Amazon and stabbed the other once in

:17:52. > :17:55.the chest. The knife punctured 16-year-old Bailey Gwynne's heart

:17:56. > :17:59.and he died quickly indeed despite attempts to save him at the school.

:18:00. > :18:04.The youngster involved was arrested. He was tried and found guilty of

:18:05. > :18:10.culpable ham owe side. What was said at his trial was he hadn't acted

:18:11. > :18:14.with wicked recklessness, but if he hadn't had the knife the judge said

:18:15. > :18:18.clearly this would have been a normal fight with just little more

:18:19. > :18:22.injury than perhaps some wounded pride. In the aftermath of that

:18:23. > :18:28.trial, it was decided to have an inquiry into this and that's what

:18:29. > :18:32.we're having the results of today. Why is an independent report into

:18:33. > :18:39.this fatal stabbing deemed necessary? I think probably because

:18:40. > :18:43.it is so remarkable by its rarity. This just doesn't happen and the

:18:44. > :18:46.Cults Academy, the school involved is widely regarded as one of the

:18:47. > :18:49.best State schools in the whole of Scotland. So certainly there was

:18:50. > :18:54.shock in this area and in the wider nation as a whole about what exactly

:18:55. > :18:58.would happen at a school like that. So the feeling is there needed to be

:18:59. > :19:01.some kind of investigation just to establish also whether there is some

:19:02. > :19:05.kind of culture of knives in schools. Certainly the teenager who

:19:06. > :19:07.was convicted of this killing told the police that he started taking

:19:08. > :19:11.the knife into school because he wanted to look tough. Other children

:19:12. > :19:14.said they had seen him with the knife, but for whatever reason

:19:15. > :19:17.hadn't felt that they could report it to their teachers. So the school

:19:18. > :19:21.authorities didn't know. So I think this report will be asking questions

:19:22. > :19:25.about whether there is a knife issue in Scottish schools, what kind of

:19:26. > :19:29.figures are, if any, recorded? And where we go from here, what lessons

:19:30. > :19:33.might be learned. The BBC reported earlier this year as I said in the

:19:34. > :19:38.introduction that an allegation against this boy was raised nine

:19:39. > :19:43.years ago, tell us about that. Yes, that's right. At the trial, it was

:19:44. > :19:47.said that he never had any kind of incident of violence before, but it

:19:48. > :19:51.later emerged that back in 2007, on a lane not far from the Cults

:19:52. > :19:56.Academy, when he, of course, was nine years younger, when he was only

:19:57. > :20:00.seven years old himself, he had been throwing stones or rocks at another

:20:01. > :20:03.small child. Now, that child suffered concussion and his parents

:20:04. > :20:08.at the time raised concerns with the police and with their local MP, but

:20:09. > :20:12.of course, nothing was done. On the other hand, is there any realistic

:20:13. > :20:16.feeling that the authorities could have learned a lot, there were two

:20:17. > :20:22.incidents that were so far apart in time? Ben, thank you.

:20:23. > :20:25.Ben Ando who is waiting for the report to be published and we will,

:20:26. > :20:31.of course, bring you the press conference live. It is due at

:20:32. > :20:37.10.15pm when the report comes out. Let's talk to councillor Marie

:20:38. > :20:43.Bolton. Her three sons go to this school and you too were a pupil

:20:44. > :20:48.there, Marie. I wonder when you first heard there was an incident at

:20:49. > :20:54.your children's school you thought, it is just some fight, just some

:20:55. > :20:58.kind of scuffle? Yeah, I mean, I was chairing a meeting in the town house

:20:59. > :21:02.at the time when I got made aware there was an incident at Cults

:21:03. > :21:09.Academy. Obviously, your mind certainly wouldn't go to any sort of

:21:10. > :21:13.serious incident, but you know obviously it later became apparent

:21:14. > :21:20.that it was a lot more serious and there was a weapon involved.

:21:21. > :21:25.The school community, the local community, was rightly shocked. As I

:21:26. > :21:28.understand it, it is already a close-knit community. How would you

:21:29. > :21:33.say the killing of Bailey Gwynne affected people? I mean, obviously

:21:34. > :21:37.it was a shock. Nobody expected that. I don't think anybody

:21:38. > :21:43.actually, any school in Aberdeen would have expected that. The

:21:44. > :21:47.community was close and is even more so. People have rallied to support

:21:48. > :21:53.both the school and individuals involved. I think parents in

:21:54. > :21:59.particular reflect a lot more on this than the pupils do. We tend to,

:22:00. > :22:02.as mothers, I think, think about Bailey's mother and the other

:22:03. > :22:08.child's mother and put ourselves in their shoes. I think children tend

:22:09. > :22:13.to see the incident as an incident rather than reflecting themselves on

:22:14. > :22:17.it. So the community from the church right through have all come together

:22:18. > :22:20.and played a part in, I think, reassuring everyone that our

:22:21. > :22:24.community is a good community, that our school is still an excellent

:22:25. > :22:28.school and that it was just a very, very tragic situation. Yeah, you're

:22:29. > :22:33.right about people, for most people, it is unimaginable. For mums and

:22:34. > :22:39.dads watching now, you can't imagine sending your son off to school and

:22:40. > :22:44.them never returning. No, you can't. You know, I think, as I say, as a

:22:45. > :22:49.mother myself, you know, there was a lot more attention to saying goodbye

:22:50. > :22:54.in the morning for a while and you know, looking at them sleeping at

:22:55. > :22:57.night and it is something that's not afforded to Bailey's mother now. It

:22:58. > :23:02.is too painful to even begin to put yourself there. Obviously even now,

:23:03. > :23:07.parents are regularly thinking about both families involved and the loss

:23:08. > :23:11.that they've suffered. I understand that you believe the

:23:12. > :23:17.teenager who stabbed Bailey Gwynne is also a victim, tell us why you

:23:18. > :23:20.think that? I don't think, I think we heard earlier that clearly

:23:21. > :23:26.nobody, I think, sets out on that course of action to take somebody

:23:27. > :23:30.else's life. And I think really you know, it was a scuffle that got out

:23:31. > :23:33.of hand. We've heard that if you carry a weapon that you have to

:23:34. > :23:40.understand there could be consequences, but I really don't

:23:41. > :23:44.think that anyone could have imagined including himself the

:23:45. > :23:47.repercussions of what happened that day. As a local councillor, were you

:23:48. > :23:50.aware of this incident involving the boy who stabbed Bailey Gwynne,

:23:51. > :23:54.throwing rocks at another boy who ended up in hospital with

:23:55. > :24:00.concussion? Concussion all those years ago? Yes, I was very aware of

:24:01. > :24:04.that and you know, I don't want to comment too much on that because

:24:05. > :24:08.obviously it will be addressed through the report which is coming

:24:09. > :24:12.out later on this morning. But I was aware of the situation. Is it

:24:13. > :24:15.accurate that the parents of the injured child, who ended up in

:24:16. > :24:21.hospital, did suggest back then that the attacker might continue on a

:24:22. > :24:27.path of violence? I think there was concerns definitely raised by the

:24:28. > :24:31.parents of the injury child then that there could be a pattern of

:24:32. > :24:34.behaviour emerging that required attention.

:24:35. > :24:39.OK. As you say, we will await the report a little later. Thank you for

:24:40. > :24:42.your time this morning. Thank you. That is the deputy leader of

:24:43. > :24:47.Aberdeen City Council. The campaign to allow MPs a vote

:24:48. > :24:51.in parliament before the Prime Minister begins her Brexit

:24:52. > :24:53.negotiations isn't going away despite ministers saying

:24:54. > :24:55.there won't be a vote Yesterday the former Labour leader,

:24:56. > :24:59.Ed Miliband, who voted to remain in the EU,

:25:00. > :25:02.told us the government needs consent from Parliament before

:25:03. > :25:04.starting the negotiations. I accept the result

:25:05. > :25:05.of this referendum. The British people voted to leave

:25:06. > :25:07.the European Union. This is not about trying to reverse

:25:08. > :25:12.the result through Parliament. But what they didn't vote

:25:13. > :25:16.for was a particular type of Brexit, and there are lots of decisions

:25:17. > :25:20.to be made about migration, about the economy and the single

:25:21. > :25:24.market, and my point is Parliament's got to take a view on that,

:25:25. > :25:27.if you like, to give the Government Because we know that Theresa May,

:25:28. > :25:32.by the end of March, is going to be triggering Article 50

:25:33. > :25:35.to start leaving the European Union. And my basic point is the Government

:25:36. > :25:38.can't go off and do these negotiations without getting

:25:39. > :25:44.the consent of Parliament for the way they're going to go

:25:45. > :25:46.about these negotiations, and what they're going to be arguing

:25:47. > :25:49.for for the British people. Which is if this is

:25:50. > :25:52.all about sovereignty, the sovereignty of the people -

:25:53. > :25:55.which lots of people who want us to leave Europe,

:25:56. > :25:58.the European Union, said it was - then Parliament, as a representative

:25:59. > :26:01.of the people, has to take a view. And the people have to be

:26:02. > :26:03.consulted, you know? People have to have laid

:26:04. > :26:05.before them the choices, Stephen Phillips is a Conservative

:26:06. > :26:24.MP and he voted to leave He was pushing for an urgent debate

:26:25. > :26:28.on the issue today, but was turned down. When you voted to leave didn't

:26:29. > :26:32.it occur to you that it was in effect a vote giving your party in

:26:33. > :26:37.Government the go-ahead to negotiate its way out of the EU in any way it

:26:38. > :26:41.chose? No, that's not what I think it was at all. I voted Leave

:26:42. > :26:46.personally. I had nothing to do with the leave campaign, I thought it was

:26:47. > :26:49.disgraceful. I voted Leave to ensure the sovereignty to the Parliament to

:26:50. > :26:53.which the people who voted for me at general election returned me. That's

:26:54. > :26:57.why I did it. I think it is wrong for the Government, which has a very

:26:58. > :27:00.clear mandate for Brexit, not to consult Parliament over the precise

:27:01. > :27:05.form of Brexit that we're going to have. We didn't know at the time of

:27:06. > :27:09.the referendum what was on the cards in those terms and there are many

:27:10. > :27:12.ways in which this could go. The Government has a very clear mandate

:27:13. > :27:15.for Brexit, but it has to come and ask Parliament what it is the people

:27:16. > :27:17.of this country actually want in terms of their future relationship

:27:18. > :27:21.with the European Union. And how will you have the answer to that

:27:22. > :27:26.question of what people want? Well, we give the Government a steer in

:27:27. > :27:29.broad terms. Obviously we, as members of Parliament, have very

:27:30. > :27:32.frequent contact with our constituents and with with the

:27:33. > :27:35.businesses in our constituency. My guidance to the Government for

:27:36. > :27:39.example would be that it is imperative that this country remains

:27:40. > :27:43.a member of the single European market. It is our biggest market and

:27:44. > :27:48.for example, for Lincolnshire farmers, many of whom live in my

:27:49. > :27:51.constituency, what we can't see is tariffs imposed on the products that

:27:52. > :27:55.we export to Europe and that's very important for the manufacturing

:27:56. > :27:58.industry in my constituency and you know, we've had leaks overnight from

:27:59. > :28:01.the treasury about what actually a hard Brexit, being outside the

:28:02. > :28:06.single market is going to mean and it will mean a reduction in GDP of

:28:07. > :28:09.10%. That will mean that we cannot pay for the public services which

:28:10. > :28:12.the people of this country actually need and that's why membership of

:28:13. > :28:19.the single market is so important. Right. You called your Government to

:28:20. > :28:26.ranker for not giving you what you want? I voted Leave in order to

:28:27. > :28:30.ensure the sovereignty of this Parliament and to remove the tyranny

:28:31. > :28:33.of an unelected European Commission imposing rules on my constituents

:28:34. > :28:39.and I think that very clearly that you should be able to throw out of

:28:40. > :28:43.office the people who make the rules by which you riff your lives. I

:28:44. > :28:47.didn't tell anyone else how to vote, it seems to me utterly wrong for the

:28:48. > :28:50.Government, having recognised that Parliament is sovereign, not to then

:28:51. > :28:55.go and consult the representatives of the British people. It is just as

:28:56. > :28:59.tyrannical as the previous position that prevailed where the European

:29:00. > :29:01.Commission was making laws, rules and regulations governing our lives

:29:02. > :29:05.without reference to the representatives who was stuck in

:29:06. > :29:08.that place across the road to represent their constituents. The

:29:09. > :29:10.Brexit secretary, David Davis, says they will consult the

:29:11. > :29:14.representatives of the British people, you and your colleagues, you

:29:15. > :29:18.will get plenty of chances to debat the issue? Well, in a sense we had a

:29:19. > :29:21.chance yesterday, there was a very lengthy statement in the House of

:29:22. > :29:24.Commons. But that's a statement by the Government as to its position

:29:25. > :29:27.and frankly, it didn't contain a great deal of information. That's

:29:28. > :29:31.all it is. It is not asking Parliament. Asking members of

:29:32. > :29:35.Parliament on behalf of their constituents what sort of Brexit we

:29:36. > :29:39.actually want? What sort of Brexit is in the country's best interests

:29:40. > :29:42.and I'm not asking and nobody else is for a running commentry on the

:29:43. > :29:47.negotiations, but there are a number of different ways which this could

:29:48. > :29:52.play out. We could go down the route that Norway did or Switzerland did,

:29:53. > :29:58.we go down a road where we have hard Brexit or we could have a bespoke

:29:59. > :30:03.deal, given that we are a permanent member of the United Nations

:30:04. > :30:06.Security Council, Europe's largest trading partner that's realistically

:30:07. > :30:09.on the table and that bespoke deal is what the Government has to come

:30:10. > :30:12.to Parliament to listen to the views of MPs to see what deal it is that

:30:13. > :30:16.we actually want, how important is immigration, how important is the

:30:17. > :30:19.single market, what is it that the people of this country want having

:30:20. > :30:22.been given a clear mandate to the British Government to take us out of

:30:23. > :30:26.the EU, what is the particular deal that we want and you should consult

:30:27. > :30:31.Parliament over that? That's what the Government should be doing.

:30:32. > :30:37.Why would the Government want to show their hand, even though it

:30:38. > :30:42.might mean consulting Duke in the Commons, before beginning the

:30:43. > :30:49.negotiations with the of Europe? David Davis said he did not think it

:30:50. > :30:53.was... They wanted to negotiate what they thought was in the national

:30:54. > :30:58.interest without being constrained by consulting with you. We are not

:30:59. > :31:04.asking for a detailed, blow by blow account of what goes on. But as I

:31:05. > :31:08.say, there are a number of different ways in which this can play at, and

:31:09. > :31:11.the Government needs to know what the representatives of the people of

:31:12. > :31:18.this country think about the broad thrust of the ultimate outcome. The

:31:19. > :31:20.other problem, which is hopeless, at the moment the Government starts

:31:21. > :31:26.negotiating with 27 other governments, the position is not

:31:27. > :31:32.only going to leak, it will be openly discussed in 27 other

:31:33. > :31:36.parliaments within Europe. Why is our Parliament the only one which is

:31:37. > :31:40.not going to know precisely what the Government's broad position is? It

:31:41. > :31:47.is proposed is. It sounds like you don't trust Theresa May and David

:31:48. > :31:52.Davis. It is not that, but I think they need to listen to what the

:31:53. > :31:57.views of my constituents are, as expressed through me. They were

:31:58. > :32:05.clear, by a clear majority, they wanted to leave the EU. We are going

:32:06. > :32:09.to leave. The Prime Minister has been clear about that. But what

:32:10. > :32:15.David and the Prime Minister need to listen to is what form Parliament

:32:16. > :32:20.thinks leaving Europe should take. That is why we need these debates,

:32:21. > :32:24.and it is white Parliament needs, before the Government figures

:32:25. > :32:32.Article 50, to vote on the broad thrust of where we are trying to get

:32:33. > :32:37.to. If you don't get that? When Teresa May was Home Secretary I

:32:38. > :32:43.fought her onto issues, I record is played two, one two. If you don't

:32:44. > :32:47.win this, then what? I shall carry on fighting. My job is to exercise

:32:48. > :32:52.my judgment and do what I think is right, irrespective of how much that

:32:53. > :32:56.might upset the Government or my whips or anybody else. I was stuck

:32:57. > :33:03.in Parliament by the people of my constituency to do what I think is

:33:04. > :33:10.right, and that is what I am doing. You voted to leave the EU. And he

:33:11. > :33:11.wants quite a bit from the Government. We will see what they

:33:12. > :33:17.do, this campaign will continue. Still to come, a new craze

:33:18. > :33:19.is spreading across the nation, people are dressing as clowns

:33:20. > :33:21.and frightening people in the street, but why do

:33:22. > :33:30.we find clowns so scary? We will talk to parents of children

:33:31. > :33:34.who have been affected, and a real crowd who says the craze is having a

:33:35. > :33:37.bad effect on his business. And, the Police and Crime Commissioner for

:33:38. > :33:39.Northumbria. And people with mental health issues

:33:40. > :33:51.are being charged for doctors Sometimes up to ?150. Martin Lewis

:33:52. > :33:59.is telling us why he is campaigning for the practice to be stopped.

:34:00. > :34:02.Here's Joanna in the BBC Newsroom with a summary of today's news.

:34:03. > :34:04.Samsung has told customers around the world to stop

:34:05. > :34:06.using their Galaxy Note 7 smartphones while it

:34:07. > :34:08.investigates a spate of fires in the original handsets,

:34:09. > :34:11.It's also suspended sales of the new phones.

:34:12. > :34:13.According to the company, 45,000 Note 7s have been

:34:14. > :34:15.bought across Europe through pre-ordering,

:34:16. > :34:21.A new three-day walkout has begun on Southern Railway.

:34:22. > :34:24.The dispute over changes to the role of conductors on trains has

:34:25. > :34:26.already caused months of disruption for passengers

:34:27. > :34:34.Southern says it will be running about 60% of its normal timetable.

:34:35. > :34:36.Receptionists quizzing patients about why they need to see their GP

:34:37. > :34:40.could be putting some sick people off visiting their surgery.

:34:41. > :34:43.That's according to a survey by Cancer Research UK,

:34:44. > :34:46.in which four in ten of those questioned said they disliked having

:34:47. > :34:48.to discuss their illness with office staff in order

:34:49. > :34:53.The charity says this could be putting people's health at risk,

:34:54. > :34:58.as early diagnosis is key in the fight against cancer.

:34:59. > :35:01.A former Conservative cabinet minister has likened Russia's role

:35:02. > :35:04.in the war in Syria to the bombing of civilians carried out

:35:05. > :35:08.by Germany's Nazi regime in Spain in the 1930s.

:35:09. > :35:11.Ahead of an emergency Commons debate on the humanitarian crisis

:35:12. > :35:13.in the Syrian city of Aleppo, Andrew Mitchell accused Russia

:35:14. > :35:17.of "shredding" international law with its bombing campaign

:35:18. > :35:32.What the Russians are doing on Aleppo is very similar to what the

:35:33. > :35:38.Nazis did to Guernica during the Spanish Civil War in the 1930s. They

:35:39. > :35:42.are using incendiary bombs, in disk and it forced from the air, tipping

:35:43. > :35:47.high explosive, tonnes of it, out from 30,000 feet and pulverising

:35:48. > :35:48.innocent civilians. It is completely unacceptable.

:35:49. > :35:51.And you can hear that full interview with Andrew Mitchell after 10am.

:35:52. > :35:53.The UN's secretary-general Ban Ki-moon says a huge response

:35:54. > :35:56.is needed to help the 1.4 million people affected by last

:35:57. > :36:00.He said some towns and cities in the country have

:36:01. > :36:04.Meanwhile, in America, President Obama has declared

:36:05. > :36:07.a state of emergency in the state of North Carolina,

:36:08. > :36:13.releasing federal funds to those affected by the storm.

:36:14. > :36:15.The opposition Labour Party in Australia has blocked government

:36:16. > :36:18.plans to hold a referendum on legalising same-sex marriage.

:36:19. > :36:21.Prime Minister Malcolm Turnbull wants to hold a non-binding ballot

:36:22. > :36:27.But Labour argues that the decision should be taken by parliament,

:36:28. > :36:33.to avoid what it sees as a divisive and possibly-harmful public debate.

:36:34. > :36:43.That's a summary of the latest BBC News, more at 10am.

:36:44. > :36:51.Could I introduce you to a real clown? Come here. How are you? How

:36:52. > :36:57.are you doing? How long have you been a professional clown? 45 years,

:36:58. > :37:04.which is amazing, because I am only 27! You look amazing. We will talk

:37:05. > :37:14.about this scary crown's clown craze. It is in all the media. And

:37:15. > :37:17.on everybody's phone. It is really topical at the moment. It cannot do

:37:18. > :37:21.us any good. We will talk more. Here's some sport now

:37:22. > :37:24.with John Watson. Wayne Rooney says he will not

:37:25. > :37:27.turn his back on playing for England despite being dropped

:37:28. > :37:28.from the starting XI for tonight's World Cup

:37:29. > :37:31.qualifier against Slovenia. Caretaker manager Gareth Southgate

:37:32. > :37:34.said Rooney still provides It's a big night for Scotland,

:37:35. > :37:41.currently two points behind England. They're in Slovakia,

:37:42. > :37:44.and manager Gordon Strachan says he's targeting second place

:37:45. > :37:48.in the group, behind England. Meanwhile, Northern Ireland

:37:49. > :37:50.face a rematch tonight with world champions Germany,

:37:51. > :37:52.just four months after losing to And, Tiger Woods delays yet another

:37:53. > :38:12.comeback to tournament golf, When we will see -- when the deal we

:38:13. > :38:14.see him play another competitive game of golf? It is not looking like

:38:15. > :38:30.any time soon at the moment. One girl under 15 is married every

:38:31. > :38:34.seven seconds. A model recently went to Ethiopia to see the problem

:38:35. > :38:37.first-hand, we will talk to her live later, along with other campaigners,

:38:38. > :38:42.but first, a little of what you found.

:38:43. > :38:47.We are here in Ethiopian, somewhere I have wanted to travel to since I

:38:48. > :38:51.was a little girl, and we will investigate child marriage and

:38:52. > :38:52.female genital mutilation and the issues and concerns that surround

:38:53. > :38:56.these topics. So we've just arrived in a small

:38:57. > :39:04.village in Marfranc. This is where they run

:39:05. > :39:06.the Save The Children programme Keep It Real, and I'm going to be

:39:07. > :39:09.speaking to young girls Nice to meet you, how

:39:10. > :39:11.are you? So, right now I'm with

:39:12. > :39:17.this beautiful girl. We're at her school, and she's just

:39:18. > :39:21.been telling me all about her story She was 11 years old when she was

:39:22. > :39:28.proposition to be married. And with the help of

:39:29. > :39:30.Save The Children's Keep It Real programme, she learned

:39:31. > :39:32.about all the problems And with the help of her brother

:39:33. > :39:36.and sister, they managed to persuade her parents that child

:39:37. > :39:40.marriage was not a good thing. She is now at school

:39:41. > :39:43.and is number one... When she even told me that I should

:39:44. > :39:52.ask the teacher if that is true. I hear that you were

:39:53. > :39:59.married as a child. Would it be OK for me

:40:00. > :40:02.to come to your home So I spent my afternoon

:40:03. > :40:14.with the lovely Salaam, When she was just 13 years

:40:15. > :40:19.old, she was married. And by the time she was 14 she was

:40:20. > :40:22.pregnant with her first child. But when she was nine months

:40:23. > :40:25.pregnant, she left her husband as he was physically abusive,

:40:26. > :40:30.and moved back in with her family. But not only that,

:40:31. > :40:33.when she was engaged to him he promised her that she would still

:40:34. > :40:35.have an opportunity to have an education,

:40:36. > :40:37.something that he totally And instead, she did house chores

:40:38. > :40:44.and had to work unbearable hours, something that a 13-year-old really

:40:45. > :40:47.shouldn't have to do. I have a 13-year-old cousin,

:40:48. > :40:53.and the idea of her getting married and then by next year

:40:54. > :40:57.having a baby, to me, It's something that I can't

:40:58. > :41:03.believe is happening But the lovely Salaam has got

:41:04. > :41:15.a bright future ahead of her. And it was truly an honour

:41:16. > :41:22.for her to share her story with me. We will be talking to

:41:23. > :41:25.Poppy Delevigne after 10am along with the director

:41:26. > :41:33.of Save The Children and a woman who was herself a child bride,

:41:34. > :41:36.Shobha Dheru was nine years old when she was married

:41:37. > :41:42.to an 11-year-old boy. The "scary-clown" craze

:41:43. > :41:48.is spreading across the UK, with one police force dealing

:41:49. > :41:52.with 14 reports in 24 hours. Officers have been called

:41:53. > :41:54.to a string of incidents where pranksters or criminals dress

:41:55. > :41:58.as clowns to try to scare There have been reports of these

:41:59. > :42:02.clowns using weapons, The phenomenon took off

:42:03. > :42:08.in the United States in late summer and has quickly spread around

:42:09. > :42:10.the world, with reports of clowns committing criminal acts as far

:42:11. > :42:14.away as New Zealand. It may have started in America,

:42:15. > :43:09.but clown sightings are becoming an increasing problem for police

:43:10. > :43:13.and communities in Britain. Thames Valley Police say

:43:14. > :43:16.they received 14 calls In Norwich, a man was arrested

:43:17. > :43:23.after a clown left a woman And in County Durham, someone

:43:24. > :43:28.dressed as a clown near a school We can speak now to Mattie Faint,

:43:29. > :43:35.who's been a professional In our Newcastle studio

:43:36. > :43:40.is Vera Baird, Northumbria's Police With her is Charlene Paterson,

:43:41. > :43:45.whose daughter's school was put into lockdown after threats

:43:46. > :44:02.from clowns in the surrounding area. Yes, that was similar to what

:44:03. > :44:07.happened. What did happen? Clowns have threatened the areas, the

:44:08. > :44:12.schools of Newcastle, and every school as a precaution but in

:44:13. > :44:19.measures to make sure nobody was hurt. It was to make sure nobody

:44:20. > :44:26.came in or out of the schools. What affect did it have on your daughter?

:44:27. > :44:29.It is general fear, not just on her, but all of her friends, everybody

:44:30. > :44:36.else in the school. What are you afraid of? Who is behind the mask?

:44:37. > :44:41.Nobody knows. You don't know if it is a 15-year-old looking for a

:44:42. > :44:48.giggle or a 30 man who is looking to do far different. Police forces are

:44:49. > :44:54.taking this so-called craze seriously, aren't they? They have

:44:55. > :45:01.to. It started off as fun. But on Sunday, and that was arrested aged

:45:02. > :45:08.13, he had a sharp knife with him, we are satisfied it was to scare,

:45:09. > :45:12.but nonetheless it was sinister. It has been taken over by some sinister

:45:13. > :45:17.people, and now nobody knows who is in which camp, but the message now

:45:18. > :45:19.is to say, don't go outside dressed as a clown, because people will take

:45:20. > :45:29.it the wrong way. Mattie, it is no good for your

:45:30. > :45:33.business? It is frightening. It is frightening. It is. When we spend

:45:34. > :45:38.our whole life as clowns trying to make people happy and laugh and

:45:39. > :45:41.these idiots within seconds can ruin everything for a child's

:45:42. > :45:48.imagination, you know. It is very sad. Very sad. And as Charlene said,

:45:49. > :45:55.it could be a kid doing a prank or it could be something more sinister?

:45:56. > :45:59.Yeah. Using your get up to... All led by America and it was all led by

:46:00. > :46:03.Hallowe'en. This is just a phase. It happens every year to a certain

:46:04. > :46:06.extent, but this year it is particularly bad with all the

:46:07. > :46:10.sightings around the country. We are weeks away from Hallowe'en yet. We

:46:11. > :46:16.have got three weeks of this. It is horrible. Horrible. It has put a

:46:17. > :46:21.shockwave through the industry through clowning. It has devastated.

:46:22. > :46:29.What's your message to fake clowns? Well, you know, there is ?1,000 fine

:46:30. > :46:34.if you're doing it in the street and you're dressed up and the police

:46:35. > :46:38.will prosecute. Not for dressing up? Not for dressing up, but

:46:39. > :46:46.for-weeks-olding knives and being aggressive. Vera? Only that you've

:46:47. > :46:51.got it right. It is not, it is no crime in dressing up, but the fear

:46:52. > :46:55.is you might cause harassment, alarm or distress to somebody and that's

:46:56. > :47:00.an offence you can get fined or go to prison for. Of course, most

:47:01. > :47:06.people are not about that and we have had very few serious incidents

:47:07. > :47:11.in Northumbria, we have had a couple of sightings of people dressed as

:47:12. > :47:14.clown, but 13 or 14 offences of the nature that you're talking to

:47:15. > :47:18.describes, so nothing serious. The trouble is the level of worry and

:47:19. > :47:22.the level of concern goes up with every story and a clown who might

:47:23. > :47:28.just be joking becomes a frightening figure. Our cops are going out to

:47:29. > :47:32.schools like Charlene's school took it seriously, not saying that there

:47:33. > :47:36.are great hazards in the streets around you, but just tell all your

:47:37. > :47:39.children, don't dress up like this now, it is not a great idea and if

:47:40. > :47:42.you see anybody and they frighten you, get away, call the police

:47:43. > :47:47.because they will come even if it is a joke, they would rather you were

:47:48. > :47:52.safe than sorry. If it is a joke, it is a complete waste of police time?

:47:53. > :47:59.It is indeed a waste of police time and it is taking up a lot of police

:48:00. > :48:03.time. The message is clear from Northumbria Police, we have

:48:04. > :48:06.neighbourhood cops going around to schools asking headteachers to make

:48:07. > :48:10.announcements, just be sensible. This got into a silly situation and

:48:11. > :48:14.however well-meaning and however you might have spent your pocket money

:48:15. > :48:17.on a clown's outfit in order to have a joke on your best mate, just don't

:48:18. > :48:21.do it because it would be misunderstood and you could scare

:48:22. > :48:27.somebody. Let's just calm it all down and put an end to it.

:48:28. > :48:31.Hallowe'en is great. Do it without putting a mask on. There was an

:48:32. > :48:35.incident in the park which is really close to your house, isn't it? What

:48:36. > :48:39.happened there and how did that affect your 11 and 12-year-olds?

:48:40. > :48:43.Yes, where we live, there is a park directly behind us. Basically there

:48:44. > :48:49.were five individuals dressed as clowns who then proceeded to chase

:48:50. > :48:55.11-year-old children and you know, it's not good of the it is not fair

:48:56. > :49:01.of. It is certainly not funny. It will get to the point where parents

:49:02. > :49:07.will start protecting their kids stopping kids from being scared. You

:49:08. > :49:10.talked about 11 and 12-year-olds being scared which is clearly the

:49:11. > :49:15.case, but there are lots of younger children, four, five,-year-olds who

:49:16. > :49:18.are seeing these who are, you know, ending up having nightmares at

:49:19. > :49:23.night? Some of them aren't sleeping properly. I know that last week

:49:24. > :49:27.there was an individual, a five-year-old girl that I know, and

:49:28. > :49:33.she was absolutely terrified. Simply just to go to sleep in her own home

:49:34. > :49:38.and that's not right. Children shouldn't have that fear. Certainly

:49:39. > :49:46.not to be able to just sleep or go to school or do anything.

:49:47. > :49:50.Matt, as a real clown, as a genuine, legitimate unscary clown, you're

:49:51. > :49:54.here to defend clowns and you've devoted your life to it, why?

:49:55. > :49:59.Because it is a wonderful thing to do. To add laughter to people's

:50:00. > :50:06.lives. Laughter is very cheap and very effective and you know, there

:50:07. > :50:11.is the closest distance between two people as Charlie Chaplin said and

:50:12. > :50:15.it is true. We love to laugh. And clowns are a catalyst to help you

:50:16. > :50:19.laugh, you know. Well, this ain't funny, is it? No, it is not. Thank

:50:20. > :50:24.you very much. Thank you. Thanks a lot. Thank you Vera and Charlene,

:50:25. > :50:39.many thanks. Coming up at 10.15am,

:50:40. > :50:41.we will cross to the press conference on the report

:50:42. > :50:44.into the fatal stabbing of Aberdeen GPs can charge for any work that

:50:45. > :50:59.doesn't come to them via the NHS whether that's sick notes for being

:51:00. > :51:02.off work less than seven days, holiday insurance certificates

:51:03. > :51:13.or a fitness certificate People with mental health issues are

:51:14. > :51:14.being charged for doctor's letters explaining their condition.

:51:15. > :51:20.Sometimes up to ?150. Without it, creditors often press

:51:21. > :51:22.on with enforcement - and debt problems spiral further,

:51:23. > :51:31.according to campaigners. We can speak now to Paul Scates,

:51:32. > :51:36.who has bipolar disorder. He was charged ?100 by his GP

:51:37. > :51:40.for a letter confirming his condition after getting into

:51:41. > :51:46.?60,000 debt. Martin Lewis, Founder of

:51:47. > :51:51.Moneysavingexpert.com. And the Money and Mental

:51:52. > :52:01.Health Policy Institute. It is relatively new? We have been

:52:02. > :52:04.going six or seven months and it is a charity to break the link between

:52:05. > :52:06.mental illness and money and debt problems which is a horrendous

:52:07. > :52:09.epidemic across the country. And from her surgery in Kent,

:52:10. > :52:11.Stephanie de Giorgio, a GP who charges for these forms

:52:12. > :52:18.and all other non-NHS Good morning to you. Thank you for

:52:19. > :52:21.coming on the programme. Paul, first of all, tell our audience a little

:52:22. > :52:25.bit about getting into so much debt. Yeah, I mean, the common thing for a

:52:26. > :52:28.lot of people with mental health difficulties especially when you

:52:29. > :52:31.suffer with the condition that I suffer with, when I'm well and I'm

:52:32. > :52:36.working I'm camable and I'm earning money and able to pay my way, but

:52:37. > :52:40.when I become unwell and I've taken out different loans etcetera, what

:52:41. > :52:43.is has happened is there is no kind of safety net there that you know,

:52:44. > :52:48.so the argument I had was and the reason I had to go to the GP was, I

:52:49. > :52:51.wasn't trying to stop or relinquish my responsibility with the loan that

:52:52. > :52:55.I had, but the interest was accruing at quite a rate on a daily basis and

:52:56. > :52:59.my parents and I were kind of saying to the bank can we put a cap on the

:53:00. > :53:03.interest? Can we just put it where it is at and we'll work out, you

:53:04. > :53:08.know, a payment plan? So they said yes, that's fine, you need to get a

:53:09. > :53:14.letter from your GP, if I had gone to my psychiatrist, I would have got

:53:15. > :53:17.the note for free, but being GPs being private practises, it was

:53:18. > :53:21.explained I had to pay ?100, a lot of people don't have that situation

:53:22. > :53:24.of a family that can afford to pay the ?100 and it stopped the interest

:53:25. > :53:28.being accrued, but it is the people that are on the breadline, ?20 would

:53:29. > :53:34.have too much if you have got no money at all. Can you say that your

:53:35. > :53:39.mental health problems are linked to your inability to manage money? Is

:53:40. > :53:43.that fair? Or not? It was in the past, but now, because I've had a

:53:44. > :53:46.lot of help and a lot of psycho education and I now work with

:53:47. > :53:49.people, so I work within services, I work with people trying to help them

:53:50. > :53:52.understand about their sort of behavioural patterns and spending,

:53:53. > :53:57.but certainly for a lot of people, it is very common. The stats are

:53:58. > :54:00.pretty plain. You are five times more likely to be in debt crisis if

:54:01. > :54:05.you have a mental health condition compared to everybody else. Wow. It

:54:06. > :54:08.feeds those who have mental health issues can have debt triggered on

:54:09. > :54:11.the back of it, depression, anxiety, spending conditions. Those who have

:54:12. > :54:15.debts can have mental health conditions trickered off the back of

:54:16. > :54:22.it and unfortunately it is a nasty vicious relationship. Now, this form

:54:23. > :54:26.is doubt the debt and mental health evidence form, it is important to

:54:27. > :54:31.say two thirds of GPs do not charge even though they can charge. Charges

:54:32. > :54:35.when they do charge, are normally between ?20 and ?50, but as high as

:54:36. > :54:38.?150. I want to give you a couple of examples. We've done research on

:54:39. > :54:43.people who have been charged this. Ian suffered from clinical

:54:44. > :54:48.depression, couldn't open his letters and didn't pay his council

:54:49. > :54:55.tax. It was passed on to a debt collection agency and he went to his

:54:56. > :54:58.GP. I didn't have any money left and until my benefits came in. Jackie,

:54:59. > :55:03.complex mental health conditions. Major issues going on. Took out

:55:04. > :55:07.?30,000 loans, shouldn't have been given the debts, we can do that one

:55:08. > :55:10.another day. Money was difficult to find and it was hard to justify

:55:11. > :55:13.spending what I had on something I wasn't sure would make any

:55:14. > :55:17.difference. I was really stressed and confused. She didn't know if

:55:18. > :55:23.this would work, should I spend the money? Decision making abilities is

:55:24. > :55:27.impaired with mental health. There are NHS forms such as if you see

:55:28. > :55:30.want a council tax reduction, that form will be signed by GPs and they

:55:31. > :55:35.can't charge for it. There are those if you want to go on holiday and be

:55:36. > :55:42.fit to fly and get private medical insurance, they can charge for. Our

:55:43. > :55:45.request is simple, Mind plus Re-think, us plus Step Change have

:55:46. > :55:53.written to the health ministers across the UK saying please can we

:55:54. > :55:57.recategorize this form? The damage, there are people who could have

:55:58. > :55:59.their debts wiped out or frozen and they have had terrible mental health

:56:00. > :56:03.conditions who aren't doing this because of the fear of, because they

:56:04. > :56:08.are being put off because they are being charged and not every GP does

:56:09. > :56:12.it. It is a postcode Lottery. Stop the charge is the name of this

:56:13. > :56:22.campaign. Stephanie, will you stop the charge? Not until it is an NHS

:56:23. > :56:27.service, no. I have massive empathy and sympathy with the people who

:56:28. > :56:34.have accrued debt, but I have a very busy work schedule. I have a massive

:56:35. > :56:38.amount of work. This is a private work issue. That is the same as all

:56:39. > :56:42.of the other notes that we do and I think one of the things that we have

:56:43. > :56:46.to think about here, although I'm very, very clear on what people are

:56:47. > :56:50.saying today, is how do we as GPs different ate one piece of private

:56:51. > :56:53.work from another? How do we different ate between somebody

:56:54. > :56:56.becoming into debt because of a mental health problem and someone

:56:57. > :57:00.coming into debt because of a physical health problem? Are we

:57:01. > :57:04.supposed to judge that one is more deserving of free notes than the

:57:05. > :57:09.other? The other thing is that all private work takes time. And if

:57:10. > :57:13.people want us to do more work privately, for free, then what are

:57:14. > :57:21.we going to stop as GPs to enable us to do that? Can I come in there? In

:57:22. > :57:23.secondary care services, psychiatrists would not charge for

:57:24. > :57:30.that letter. I'm trying towned stand, it is a standard form, this

:57:31. > :57:34.extra colossal amount of work doesn't fit with my experience and

:57:35. > :57:39.Martin's experience as the clients that he mentioned earlier. So I'm

:57:40. > :57:44.perplexed by that answer. I'm not sure why it is confusing. The

:57:45. > :57:49.hospitals actually could charge, they choose not to, but hospitals

:57:50. > :57:56.are in a redifferent situation. We are smaller organisations. We get

:57:57. > :58:02.approximately between 90 and ?136 per patient per year to do

:58:03. > :58:06.everything for those patients. We are also the maximum of our workload

:58:07. > :58:12.in terms of safety, we are possibly past that now. You are asking us to

:58:13. > :58:16.do more work for free. How long does it take to do that form

:58:17. > :58:22.realistically? That form would probably take me up to five minutes,

:58:23. > :58:25.but that five minutes for that piece of private work, why is that more

:58:26. > :58:29.important than five moneys for another piece of private work? All

:58:30. > :58:34.those extra five minutes add up over time. That could cost somebody their

:58:35. > :58:37.mental health which could lead to suicidal thoughts definitely and

:58:38. > :58:40.potentially you could have have a really serious, it will cost more in

:58:41. > :58:45.the long run, that's the stupidity of it. Well, what I would like to

:58:46. > :58:49.say is that the argument you need to have here is with the credit

:58:50. > :58:56.agencies who are asking for GPs to do this. Please stop interrupting

:58:57. > :59:01.me. The credit, if they wish to employ their own doctors to do this,

:59:02. > :59:06.why should a private company expect an NHS GP to provide a service for

:59:07. > :59:10.free? I have a lot of sympathy with your point which is what I was going

:59:11. > :59:14.to say. The problem we have is some GPs charge and some GPs don't and

:59:15. > :59:17.that for me isn't fair and which is why it is for the health ministers

:59:18. > :59:22.to sort this out. However, what I will pick you up on strongly, we

:59:23. > :59:29.spent years lobbying the credit industries, who in some cases are

:59:30. > :59:34.vicious predators to start taking mental health conditions seriously.

:59:35. > :59:38.We got this one form which made it easier for GPs to sign. To start

:59:39. > :59:42.saying we want lenders to get their own doctors. That's a terrible,

:59:43. > :59:46.terrible solution. Right solution is you shouldn't have this choice, it

:59:47. > :59:52.should be an NHS form. We wouldn't have this debate. Some people

:59:53. > :59:56.wouldn't be being charged ?150 when their neighbour at another practise

:59:57. > :00:01.gets it for free. We need consistency, we would save the

:00:02. > :00:05.economy billions of pounds if we sorted out this epidemic and yes, we

:00:06. > :00:07.would save lives and families and save the roof over people's heads

:00:08. > :00:12.and I have sympathy with GPs. We know there are issues in the medical

:00:13. > :00:16.profession about payment, but we have to contrast that ?2030 extra

:00:17. > :00:21.what That a doctor would receive from the cost of the letter to ?20,

:00:22. > :00:24.?30, the average person getting the form have income of under ?100 and

:00:25. > :00:28.they are in debt crisis and they can't afford to pay this and this

:00:29. > :00:31.could give them genuine relief from something that causes them not to

:00:32. > :00:35.sleep, causes them to have more conditions. The average treatment

:00:36. > :00:41.time for someone with clinical depression, who has a debt issue as

:00:42. > :00:44.well is 18 months longer to recover from your clinical depression. This

:00:45. > :00:48.isn't trivial. I respect that doctor's view and it is her choice,

:00:49. > :00:53.but I would like to take the choice away from you. Thank you very much.

:00:54. > :01:00.I appreciate your time, a GP who charges for these forms, but said if

:01:01. > :01:10.they wish we categorised, she would not. We will follow the campaign and

:01:11. > :01:14.see where you get with health ministers, because it is a message

:01:15. > :01:20.to health ministers. There will be more to come, it is here to stay, we

:01:21. > :01:24.want to break the linkage, and there are more stories coming out. The

:01:25. > :01:33.more stories -- research we do, the more stories come out.

:01:34. > :01:34.There you are! We make things so complicated when they could be so

:01:35. > :01:45.simple! It was cold this morning, we had

:01:46. > :01:49.some frost, and we still have fog. We still have fog across central and

:01:50. > :01:55.southern England, down towards the south-west and Wales. A lot of

:01:56. > :01:58.bright skies. All of the thicker cloud in central and eastern areas

:01:59. > :02:04.produces showers, it will drift west, although not all of us will

:02:05. > :02:09.see a shower. It will feel cold in the easterly breeze, despite the

:02:10. > :02:13.fact that temperatures are between nine and 11. This evening and

:02:14. > :02:17.overnight, more cloud than last night. Further showers, still the

:02:18. > :02:24.breeze, temperatures not quite as low. Tomorrow, it will be cloudier

:02:25. > :02:29.than today. Still some rain moving from the west towards the East.

:02:30. > :02:36.Being driven on on the stiff easterly breeze. If you are exposed

:02:37. > :02:41.to it, it will feel nippy. A very quick look at what is happening on

:02:42. > :02:43.Thursday. A windy day for us all. It feels cool in the wind, with further

:02:44. > :02:45.showers to boot. Hello, I'm Victoria Derbyshire,

:02:46. > :02:57.welcome to the programme. A child under 15 is married every

:02:58. > :03:08.seven seconds somewhere in the world. We will talk to a woman who

:03:09. > :03:11.was married at nine to an 11-year-old. And a Save the Children

:03:12. > :03:18.ambassador who has been to Ethiopian to investigate.

:03:19. > :03:19.She was promised she would have the chance for an education, but instead

:03:20. > :03:27.she did house chores. Later, we will have an interview

:03:28. > :03:30.with the head of the White Helmets in the Syrian city of Aleppo,

:03:31. > :03:33.and with the MP Andrew Mitchell, who warns that the Russian-backed

:03:34. > :03:54.Assad government is causing They are using incendiary bombs,

:03:55. > :03:59.indiscriminate force from the air, tipping high explosive, tonnes of

:04:00. > :04:00.it, out from 30,000 feet and pulverising innocent civilians. It

:04:01. > :04:05.is completely unacceptable. In a quarter of an hour

:04:06. > :04:08.we will cross to the publication of a report into the fatal stabbing

:04:09. > :04:13.of Aberdeen schoolboy Bailey Gwynne. We will ask, were warning signs

:04:14. > :04:19.missed about his killer? Here's the BBC Newsroom

:04:20. > :04:22.with a summary of today's news. Samsung has told customers

:04:23. > :04:24.around the world to stop using their Galaxy Note 7

:04:25. > :04:26.smartphones while it investigates a spate of fires

:04:27. > :04:29.in the original handsets, It's also suspended

:04:30. > :04:33.sales of the new phones. According to the company,

:04:34. > :04:37.45,000 Note 7s have been bought across Europe

:04:38. > :04:41.through pre-ordering, Experts say batteries have to

:04:42. > :05:00.undergo extensive testing. We try to pick him as many active

:05:01. > :05:05.materials into the battery, a constrained, small package. To try

:05:06. > :05:10.to make the battery last longer. But they have to undergo rigorous safety

:05:11. > :05:11.convocations to make sure that events like these remain extremely

:05:12. > :05:13.rare. An independent report into the death

:05:14. > :05:16.of a 16-year-old boy who was stabbed at an Aberdeen school is due to be

:05:17. > :05:20.published in the next 15 minutes. Bailey Gwynne was fatally wounded

:05:21. > :05:22.by a fellow pupil during a fight His teenage killer,

:05:23. > :05:26.who is too young to be named, was later jailed for nine years

:05:27. > :05:29.after being found guilty A new three-day walkout has begun

:05:30. > :05:35.on Southern Railway. The dispute over changes to the role

:05:36. > :05:38.of conductors on trains has already caused months

:05:39. > :05:41.of disruption for passengers Southern says it will be running

:05:42. > :05:48.about 60% of its normal timetable. Receptionists quizzing patients

:05:49. > :05:51.about why they need to see their GP could be putting some sick people

:05:52. > :05:54.off visiting their surgery. That's according to a survey

:05:55. > :05:59.by Cancer Research UK in which four in ten of those questioned said

:06:00. > :06:01.they disliked having to discuss their illness

:06:02. > :06:04.with office staff in order The charity says this could be

:06:05. > :06:08.putting people's health at risk, as early diagnosis is key

:06:09. > :06:16.in the fight against cancer. That's a summary of

:06:17. > :06:18.the latest BBC News. Do get in touch with us

:06:19. > :06:21.throughout the morning. If you text, you will be charged

:06:22. > :06:36.at the standard network rate. This e-mail, my GP charged me 150

:06:37. > :06:40.quid for medical checks. Peter said, why are doctors charging anything to

:06:41. > :06:42.help a patient? It is outrageous. Keep them coming in.

:06:43. > :06:44.Here's some sport now with John Watson, and some

:06:45. > :06:46.candid and mature comments from Wayne Rooney after

:06:47. > :06:50.Wayne Rooney says he has no plans to quit international football

:06:51. > :06:52.despite being dropped from England's starting lineup for

:06:53. > :06:55.Interim manager Gareth Southgate believes England's all-time leading

:06:56. > :06:58.goal scorer still has a part to play in the team,

:06:59. > :07:01.and Rooney himself feels he can pass on his experience to younger

:07:02. > :07:17.I have played 13 years nonstop for England, I have given everything. A

:07:18. > :07:25.time comes where the manager, you are not the first name on the team

:07:26. > :07:29.sheet, but it is a chance for other players to come in and try and do

:07:30. > :07:32.well. As far as I am concerned, all I can do is keep working hard and

:07:33. > :07:36.making sure I am ready when needed. It seems everyone has an opinion

:07:37. > :07:38.on the Rooney debate. Wife Coleen said as much,

:07:39. > :07:56.taking to Twitter to say... In the same group, it's also

:07:57. > :07:59.a big night for Scotland, Scotland are in Slovakia, hoping

:08:00. > :08:04.to improve on the disappointing 1-1 draw at home to Lithuania

:08:05. > :08:08.on Saturday. Manager Gordon Strachan

:08:09. > :08:10.says his side are targeting second And, Northern Ireland take

:08:11. > :08:21.on Germany in Hanover tonight, just four months after losing

:08:22. > :08:23.to the world champions Michael O'Neill's side are two

:08:24. > :08:37.points behind the Germans The West Ham ladies team have been

:08:38. > :08:41.told they will receive greater support from the club after being

:08:42. > :08:45.brought into their wider structure. Having been made to warm up

:08:46. > :08:49.alongside a busy road, pay for their own pitch hire and have limited

:08:50. > :08:53.access to the training centre, the club chairman said it amounted to

:08:54. > :08:57.sex discrimination and lodged a complaint with the FA. But now the

:08:58. > :08:58.club have acted and say they will make the women's team at, bigger and

:08:59. > :09:00.stronger. Maria Sharapova made her return

:09:01. > :09:02.to tennis last night, playing in a charity exhibition

:09:03. > :09:05.match in Las Vegas. The Russian is still banned

:09:06. > :09:07.until April after testing positive for meldonium,

:09:08. > :09:10.but was on court last night in two doubles matches to benefit

:09:11. > :09:16.Sir Elton John's Aids Foundation. Sharapova's original

:09:17. > :09:18.two-year ban was reduced by nine months last week

:09:19. > :09:32.by the Court Of It is very special to be back on the

:09:33. > :09:37.court, it has been about seven months since I have played in front

:09:38. > :09:41.of spectators and played in a stadium environment. Very thankful

:09:42. > :09:45.for the invitation, happy to be part of this cause that has been around

:09:46. > :09:46.for 24 years, and it is my first attendance. Thrilled to be part of

:09:47. > :09:53.it. Back with your next update at

:09:54. > :10:00.10:30am. At about 10:15am we are expecting a

:10:01. > :10:05.news conference which will release the official report into a stabbing

:10:06. > :10:08.which led to the death of a pupil at an Aberdeen school. We will cross to

:10:09. > :10:10.that live. A major report by Save The Children

:10:11. > :10:13.has found that one girl under the age of 15 is married

:10:14. > :10:23.every seven seconds. India has the highest number

:10:24. > :10:27.of child marriages of any country, with 47% of girls married under 18,

:10:28. > :10:33.around 24.6 million girls. Let's talk to the Director

:10:34. > :10:36.of Save The Children, Tanya Steel. Also here is one of the ambassadors

:10:37. > :10:39.for the charity who recently visited Ethiopia to visit child

:10:40. > :10:43.brides, Poppy Delevingne. From New York, we're joined

:10:44. > :10:46.by Jaqueline De Chollett, who founded the charity

:10:47. > :10:49.the Veerni Project which educates And finally, from Rajastahan

:10:50. > :10:54.in India is Shobha Dheru, who's 27 but who was married

:10:55. > :10:57.at the age of nine to a boy What is the Every

:10:58. > :11:10.Last Campaign about? Today is the International Day of

:11:11. > :11:15.the goal, we are highlighting where the best and worst places to be a

:11:16. > :11:18.girl in the world are. Shocking statistics around child marriage. As

:11:19. > :11:25.a child bride, you can expect to face violence, rape, and the real

:11:26. > :11:28.possibility of pregnancy at an incredibly young age. This is an age

:11:29. > :11:32.when girls should be in school, building a new future for

:11:33. > :11:39.themselves. Tell us about some of the goals you met. I got back last

:11:40. > :11:47.week. I met a group of girls who were part of a group that Save the

:11:48. > :11:52.Children put together, like an extracurricular club, where they

:11:53. > :11:55.come and get together and talk about all of these problems. They are part

:11:56. > :12:02.of a community where it is not common to talk about sex and these

:12:03. > :12:08.things. They were so articulate and sassy and empowered, it was so

:12:09. > :12:13.wonderful to see. A lot of them had been victims of child marriage, they

:12:14. > :12:20.had been married at 13, one of them, pregnant at 14, so had to put an end

:12:21. > :12:24.to her education, and when she was nine months pregnant she was so

:12:25. > :12:29.badly physically abused by her husband, she left him and went back

:12:30. > :12:35.to her family and had the child and then joined this group, which she

:12:36. > :12:40.says saved her life. I want to introduce you to a young woman, who

:12:41. > :12:51.is 27, she was married at the age of nine to a boy who was 11th. She is

:12:52. > :12:59.in Rajasthan. Can you hear us OK? Can you hear me? Yes, hello. Thank

:13:00. > :13:01.you for talking to us. Can you tell us a little bit about the day that

:13:02. > :13:16.you got married aged nine? My marriage was when I was nine

:13:17. > :13:23.years old. Hello? We can hear you, go ahead. My parents fixed my

:13:24. > :13:32.marriage with that boy, near where we lived.

:13:33. > :13:39.He was totally uneducated, his behaviour was not good. He was

:13:40. > :13:43.hitting me on my first night. Beating due on the first night of

:13:44. > :13:54.your marriage? Yes, and abusing me on my first night. I did not want to

:13:55. > :14:04.live with him. Did you know what was going on that day? Did you think it

:14:05. > :14:11.was a huge family party? Sorry? Did you know what was going on on the

:14:12. > :14:24.day you were getting married? At nine years old? Yes. My family were

:14:25. > :14:33.poor, lower-middle-class, 16 60s, six fixed marriages. We did not know

:14:34. > :14:46.what was happening, we don't understand. We were getting new

:14:47. > :14:58.clothes, so the girls were happy. But after 18, we realised we were

:14:59. > :15:02.married. Now I can understand. But at that time I did not know what was

:15:03. > :15:12.going on. You just thought it was a happy day because family were there

:15:13. > :15:16.and everybody was dressed up. You founded the charity which educate

:15:17. > :15:23.girls in rural India and helped her. We will speak to you in a moment.

:15:24. > :15:30.We're going to cross live to Aberdeen where we are awaiting a

:15:31. > :15:33.news conference which will release a report which looked at the stabbing

:15:34. > :15:42.pf Bailey Gwynne in Aberdeen last year.

:15:43. > :15:51.Good morning everybody. I want to start this morning by

:15:52. > :15:59.paying tribute to the family of Bailey Gwynne. Their profound grief

:16:00. > :16:05.is only matched by their dignity and I would like to thank them for their

:16:06. > :16:10.co-operation into what has been an invasive process of review. As chair

:16:11. > :16:14.of a child protection of a child committee, my daily mantra is it is

:16:15. > :16:19.everybody's job to keep children safe and it is my hope that the

:16:20. > :16:22.outcome of this review will make us all, parents, children, protective

:16:23. > :16:29.agencies and the general public more aware of our need to look out for

:16:30. > :16:32.each other. The aim of the review, when it was commissioned, was to

:16:33. > :16:36.provide independent assurance to partners and to the public that all

:16:37. > :16:40.the circumstances have been reviewed and to make appropriate

:16:41. > :16:48.recommendations which can be applied for future practise. The review

:16:49. > :16:56.commenced on 2nd May. A small team was identified to support me,

:16:57. > :17:00.conologies were prepared by each of the agencies which contained an

:17:01. > :17:10.account of their work with the boys over many years. I conducted in

:17:11. > :17:18.total 42 interviews, some 45 hours of interviews under taken. I placed

:17:19. > :17:21.a notice in the press and journal to advertise the existence of the

:17:22. > :17:27.review and to invite anybody with an interest in this matter to come

:17:28. > :17:30.forward. And there were ten respondents who chose to come

:17:31. > :17:36.forward. That was important to me because I wanted to make sure that I

:17:37. > :17:44.could give you assurance that everybody and everything that needed

:17:45. > :17:49.to be considered would be. I've produced a long report, 17,000

:17:50. > :17:58.words, and I submitted it to the chief officer's group on 30th

:17:59. > :18:04.September. Now, the review looked at the 28th October in very

:18:05. > :18:09.considerable detail. I undertook a 360 degree consideration of that day

:18:10. > :18:17.as it affected all of the parties and all of the agencies who were

:18:18. > :18:24.engaged in a very considerable effort to save Bailey's life. A

:18:25. > :18:29.history prepared from the conologies enabled me to identify appropriate

:18:30. > :18:33.interviewees and all it is not possible to publish the whole report

:18:34. > :18:42.today, I can confirm that all my conclusions and recommendations are

:18:43. > :18:48.presented here unabridged. My first conclusion is that this was an

:18:49. > :18:54.unplanned, spontaneous conflict that emerged rapidly, very rapidly, out

:18:55. > :18:57.of exceptional banter between schoolboys. It is not considered

:18:58. > :19:06.that it could have been predicted or averted on the day. This is

:19:07. > :19:12.important to understand this event because it all took place in less

:19:13. > :19:22.than five minutes from the meeting of the boys to the intervention of

:19:23. > :19:26.the teacher. My second conclusion was that the course of the conflict

:19:27. > :19:36.was fatally altered by the possession of a bladed weapon by one

:19:37. > :19:40.of these boys. This was potentially predictable and avoidable if those

:19:41. > :19:53.who knew that child A carried weapons in school, had reported this

:19:54. > :20:00.to staff. Several children have testified that they were aware of

:20:01. > :20:07.this fact. The incident on 28th October was well managed as my third

:20:08. > :20:14.conclusion and it is my sincere belief having spoken to everybody

:20:15. > :20:20.from the caretakers to the leader of the council that there was a

:20:21. > :20:29.tremendous effort made on that day and I think it is worth me just

:20:30. > :20:33.saying that the headteacher who can't possibly have imagined what

:20:34. > :20:41.would be before her that day anymore than anyone of us would if something

:20:42. > :20:49.so dreadful would happen to us. Led her staff team and conducted herself

:20:50. > :20:56.in an exemplary fashion on that day. My fourth conclusion takes us back

:20:57. > :21:06.to 2007. I was made aware very early on that there was some thoughts,

:21:07. > :21:09.some speculation that Child A had a history and that history involved an

:21:10. > :21:21.incident in 2007 when he was eight years old. My conclusion is, having

:21:22. > :21:24.looked at that incident in considerable detail, that it had a

:21:25. > :21:31.marginal significance in relation to later events. Child A was a

:21:32. > :21:38.secondary player on this day and the events that transpired. He was not

:21:39. > :21:47.mentioned significantly in the following correspondence. It did not

:21:48. > :21:58.reveal a violent child. But a child under very significant and continual

:21:59. > :22:05.pressure from his brother. This incident was followed by a

:22:06. > :22:14.complaint, the complaintants were supported in their complaint by a

:22:15. > :22:20.local councillor and a member of Parliament, but the complaint became

:22:21. > :22:24.attend uated, stretched out, took a long time, more than two years and

:22:25. > :22:28.in my opinion having considered all the papers and all the

:22:29. > :22:38.correspondence, it did not receive a satisfactory outcome. And I have

:22:39. > :22:46.some conclusions that are not specific to the day, but I want to

:22:47. > :22:49.record. Conclusion six, the work to develop ab-Aberdeen City Council

:22:50. > :22:59.knife crime strategy involve parents and pupils and police is noted by

:23:00. > :23:04.the reviewer and welcomed. Conclusion seven, stripped of

:23:05. > :23:12.context reads rather awkwardly, but the redaction of names in the NHS

:23:13. > :23:19.chronologies left some unresolvable ambiguities. NHS Grampian sought

:23:20. > :23:24.consent for record sharing from one significant actor but this was

:23:25. > :23:31.legitimately denied by him. I don't believe that had any significant

:23:32. > :23:37.impact on the conclusions that I have reached, but it was appropriate

:23:38. > :23:45.to mention it because as I say, I was unable to resolve one or two

:23:46. > :23:50.matters. Conclusion eight, the move to develop a city focussed chief

:23:51. > :23:56.officers group for public protection is supported and this essentially

:23:57. > :24:05.describes the process whereby having had a pan Grampian group across

:24:06. > :24:09.Aberdeen to look at these matters in recent times, Aberdeen City specific

:24:10. > :24:14.chief officers group has been established, chaired by Angela and

:24:15. > :24:20.the representations are before you here today. To me, that gives a much

:24:21. > :24:26.tighter accountability and it is welcomed. I turn now to my

:24:27. > :24:30.recommendations. Before I give you recommendation one, I just want to

:24:31. > :24:38.stress that children and young people must be the key to the

:24:39. > :24:43.solution to knife crime in schools. Rights should always be balanced

:24:44. > :24:45.with obligations and a theme will underpin the recommendations is a

:24:46. > :24:51.sense of obligation that children and their parents owe to themselves

:24:52. > :24:55.and their community. This is an important feature of getting it

:24:56. > :25:03.right for every child in Scotland. This sense that we all have to play

:25:04. > :25:08.our part. My first recommendation is that all parents should receive a

:25:09. > :25:13.letter from school at the beginning of year S1 received year. The letter

:25:14. > :25:16.will set out the school rules and expectations of the school with

:25:17. > :25:23.regard to weapons. The letter will be signed and returned to the

:25:24. > :25:32.school. I have seen this in practise in other jurisdictions and I believe

:25:33. > :25:39.it offers a means of a modest contract between the child, the

:25:40. > :25:48.parent and the school that will enable a greater awareness of just

:25:49. > :25:54.how important these matters are. My second recommendation is that

:25:55. > :26:02.children be at the centre of these reforms and pupil forums and pupil

:26:03. > :26:05.councils be established to develop safe practise to share their

:26:06. > :26:10.knowledge of weapons with teaching staff. This was a critical matter in

:26:11. > :26:20.these events and so often it is and we know as adults how we are nervous

:26:21. > :26:24.about disclosing information and whatever phrase you want to apply on

:26:25. > :26:29.a friend, particularly if you don't think that friend has any malign

:26:30. > :26:36.intent, he is just showing off a little bit. We can't afford to have

:26:37. > :26:44.that belief in our children and in our schools. We must be vigilant and

:26:45. > :26:49.they must be vigilant. My third recommendation is that Police

:26:50. > :26:52.Scotland must be notified of each and every incident of carrying

:26:53. > :26:59.weapons in the school or in the community of which the school

:27:00. > :27:04.becomes aware. Now, that may seem obvious, but if you think about it,

:27:05. > :27:11.there is many reasons why a headteacher may not choose to notify

:27:12. > :27:15.the police. It was just a minor ins didn't, we don't want to criminalise

:27:16. > :27:20.our children, we have our reputation to consider as a school, whatever

:27:21. > :27:25.those reasons are, we need to make sure that we trump them with a very

:27:26. > :27:29.clear expectation that the police be notified and let the police make

:27:30. > :27:33.those judgements. Recommendation four is that every

:27:34. > :27:37.ins didn't will be recorded by the school immediately following an

:27:38. > :27:44.allegation or an incident and their managers notified.

:27:45. > :27:47.Aberdeen City Council should work with Police Scotland to establish a

:27:48. > :27:56.clear and effective policy on the management of offensive weapons in

:27:57. > :28:01.school with partners. Recommendation six in accordance with the law of

:28:02. > :28:04.Scotland, searches must be made with pupils consent, the headteacher or

:28:05. > :28:08.her nominee should undertake searches of pupils where consent is

:28:09. > :28:14.given. Where this is not possible, police must be called if there are

:28:15. > :28:23.grounds to suggest that the child or young person is carrying a knife or

:28:24. > :28:28.other offensive weapon. Recommendation seven, a specific

:28:29. > :28:33.search and confiscation protocol should be established as part of

:28:34. > :28:38.their weapons knife crime strategy currently under development. We have

:28:39. > :28:43.to think about how we deal with these situations. You will see have

:28:44. > :28:49.seen in the press in Aberdeenshire earlier this year that a number of

:28:50. > :28:52.since the 28th October, a number of incidents of children in possession

:28:53. > :28:57.with knives in schools have been revealed. We need to know how we're

:28:58. > :29:02.going to respond. I mean, you have been very clear about that and quite

:29:03. > :29:10.confident having attended an event with headteachers and Police

:29:11. > :29:14.Scotland that that work is underway. Recommendation eight is that

:29:15. > :29:18.individual risk assessments should be completed on all individuals

:29:19. > :29:25.known or suspected to carry offensive weapons. Let's leave

:29:26. > :29:29.Andrew Lowe, he is the report author. He carried out an

:29:30. > :29:35.independent report into the fatal stabbing of the Aberdeen schoolboy,

:29:36. > :29:39.Bailey Gwynne. Just a year ago now. His conclusions really that what

:29:40. > :29:43.happened was unplanned, it was a spontaneous conflict that escalated

:29:44. > :29:47.rapidly. It took place, he said, in less than five minutes. And it

:29:48. > :29:52.couldn't have been predicted. Or averted, he said, on the day. He

:29:53. > :29:56.said the course of the conflict, this row over a biscuit between the

:29:57. > :30:01.two pupils was fatally altered by the fact that Child A possessed a

:30:02. > :30:04.knife and that was avoidable and predictable, the fact that Child A

:30:05. > :30:08.had a knife because there were children at the school who knew that

:30:09. > :30:12.he had this knife, but they hadn't felt able to report it to staff. And

:30:13. > :30:16.his recommendations include the fact that headteachers with the con isn't

:30:17. > :30:18.of their pupils should be able to search pupils for weapons and other

:30:19. > :30:22.things about parents getting letters at start of term, a contract

:30:23. > :30:26.effectively to sign when it comes to weapon rules, with regarding rules

:30:27. > :30:30.in schools and that there should be a knife strategy between the police

:30:31. > :30:34.and the council, but the main recommendation that headteachers

:30:35. > :30:37.should be able to instigate searches of pupils with the pupil's consent

:30:38. > :30:42.when it comes to looking for weapons.

:30:43. > :30:52.More reaction to come through the morning. We will return to our

:30:53. > :30:58.conversation about the number of very young girls that get married

:30:59. > :31:02.somewhere around the world, and according to Save the Children,

:31:03. > :31:08.because of the report they have done, it means that one girl under

:31:09. > :31:12.15 is married every seven seconds, which is a really alarming

:31:13. > :31:17.statistic. We have got the director of Save the Children here. Also

:31:18. > :31:24.here, one of the charity's ambassadors. From New York, we are

:31:25. > :31:31.joined by the founder of a charity which educate girls in rural India.

:31:32. > :31:37.We spoke earlier to a woman in Rajasthan, who was married at the

:31:38. > :31:39.age of nine to a boy who was in heaven, she told us about being

:31:40. > :31:49.beaten on her first night of marriage by this point -- a boy who

:31:50. > :31:56.was 11. She had no idea what was about to befall her. You've visited

:31:57. > :32:22.Ethiopian, we played the film earlier, we will play a clip now.

:32:23. > :32:24.So I spent my afternoon with the lovely Salaam,

:32:25. > :32:28.When she was just 13 years old, she was married.

:32:29. > :32:32.And by the time she was 14 she was pregnant with her first child.

:32:33. > :32:34.But when she was nine months pregnant, she left her husband

:32:35. > :32:37.as he was physically abusive, and moved back in with her family.

:32:38. > :32:40.But not only that, when she was engaged to him

:32:41. > :32:42.he promised her that she would still have an opportunity

:32:43. > :32:44.to have an education, something that he totally

:32:45. > :32:48.And, instead, she did house chores and had to work unbearable hours,

:32:49. > :32:52.something that a 13-year-old really shouldn't have to do.

:32:53. > :33:00.One of the things that struck a chord was when she said that she met

:33:01. > :33:04.her husband on her wedding day, and not only that, she said how

:33:05. > :33:09.confusing it was, everyone around her was celebrating and drinking

:33:10. > :33:15.until dawn, yet she felt like it was the end of her life. It did not make

:33:16. > :33:21.any sense to her. When she said that, that really hit home. Tell our

:33:22. > :33:29.British audience about your charity and what your name is. The aim is to

:33:30. > :33:33.educate girls in secondary school. It is not available for them in most

:33:34. > :33:40.parts of the world, they live in scattered villages, primary school

:33:41. > :33:45.is not universal, but secondary school is not. They often have to

:33:46. > :33:49.walk several miles across the desert, we would not let our

:33:50. > :33:55.daughters do that, the parents are too scared. In the view of the

:33:56. > :33:59.villages, girls are for marriage, not for education. They used to say

:34:00. > :34:03.that educating a girl was watering your neighbour's Golden, because she

:34:04. > :34:10.went off and you never saw her again. Secondary education is the

:34:11. > :34:17.most transformative, important thing in a girl's life. It will allow her

:34:18. > :34:22.to make her own decisions. We talk about empowerment, what does it

:34:23. > :34:27.mean? Making your own life choices. This is denied to most of those

:34:28. > :34:32.girls. By keeping them in school, you are delaying, even if they are

:34:33. > :34:38.child rights, the age at which they will join their husbands. They will

:34:39. > :34:43.not go at 14 or 18, because now they are going into higher education. 90%

:34:44. > :34:52.of the girls we have educated have gone into higher education. One girl

:34:53. > :34:57.graduated, she went to a college, funded by an American journalist,

:34:58. > :35:08.she did not join her husband until she was 21. We got's Whittaker to

:35:09. > :35:13.the law courts to tell her story. When she left her husband, they

:35:14. > :35:18.would not listen to her in the police, but she remembered the law

:35:19. > :35:22.courts, she got an advocate and went back to the police are and they

:35:23. > :35:28.registered what happened. Eventually, she got a divorce. In a

:35:29. > :35:34.lot of the cases of the goals we have, we are hoping that their

:35:35. > :35:40.marriage may be cancelled, or at least they been -- they may be

:35:41. > :35:46.married to boys who are more educated. It is hard to cancel

:35:47. > :35:54.marriages. The laws against child marriage are not applied. It is up

:35:55. > :35:57.to the organisations in the villages, which are informal, to

:35:58. > :36:05.decide if those marriages can be annulled. We have re-established the

:36:06. > :36:17.contact, why did you choose to divorce your husband?

:36:18. > :36:27.Why did I choose to divorce my husband? Yes. He is totally

:36:28. > :36:33.uneducated. He is not understanding me. He is abusing me and hitting me

:36:34. > :36:40.all the time. I want to say something, but he does not

:36:41. > :36:48.understand my thinking. He is totally uneducated, he does not

:36:49. > :36:55.understand the meaning is of marriage and wife. In terms of the

:36:56. > :37:03.statistics, because they are so unbelievably shocking, do you think

:37:04. > :37:07.you can change that? I think we can. If anything, we are concerned the

:37:08. > :37:11.numbers are set to rise. There has been a big world commitment to bring

:37:12. > :37:18.down the rate of child marriage. We know it can, through education. Many

:37:19. > :37:21.fathers marry off their daughters because they feel they have no

:37:22. > :37:27.futures, whereas if they have chances to go to school and complete

:37:28. > :37:31.school, the world opens up to them. There is also something about

:37:32. > :37:35.tackling some of the social norms and sitting down and talking to

:37:36. > :37:38.communities and fathers. When they understand the risks that face their

:37:39. > :37:42.children and their daughters, not least in terms of the possibilities

:37:43. > :37:49.around domestic abuse, and the real likelihood of death in childbirth or

:37:50. > :37:56.worse, they do start to reconsider. It is a combination of the law, and

:37:57. > :38:00.in many countries being a child bride is illegal under 18, but it is

:38:01. > :38:07.about a commitment to ensure that the social norms and education are

:38:08. > :38:13.tackled, and very quickly indeed. What success has your project had?

:38:14. > :38:24.All of the girls are staying in school. They are not only completing

:38:25. > :38:29.their secondary education, they are going on to higher education. That

:38:30. > :38:36.beads even if they join their husbands, it is delayed until at

:38:37. > :38:39.least 21. You are talking about the fathers, but I think the mothers are

:38:40. > :38:48.the ones who are being very brave in our case. We took parents to see

:38:49. > :38:51.this facility, to show that they would be safe, because safety is a

:38:52. > :38:55.major issue. The mothers were the ones who wanted their daughters not

:38:56. > :39:03.to have the same fate as them. In many cases. I celebrate the mothers

:39:04. > :39:08.in those villages, they went against their community in many ways. It is

:39:09. > :39:18.a problem of poverty, it is a problem of dowries, illiteracy, and

:39:19. > :39:25.it will not change overnight. You can say is is illegal, but it will

:39:26. > :39:30.not stop them doing it. The sustainable goals of the UN have

:39:31. > :39:34.said that by 2030 secondary education has to be universal, but

:39:35. > :39:38.that is another generation of girls who may not be educated. We have to

:39:39. > :39:42.fight for secondary education, that is the most important think we need

:39:43. > :39:47.to do. There is no social transformation without the education

:39:48. > :39:51.of women. How can they participate in a democracy if they are

:39:52. > :39:58.illiterate? That is what we have to fight for, education. After your

:39:59. > :40:04.visit to Ethiopia, that is something worth fighting for. Absolutely. It

:40:05. > :40:11.was quite remarkable when I saw these girls get together, in the way

:40:12. > :40:18.that they communicate, protect each other, it was really heartening to

:40:19. > :40:22.see that, and the way they felt that they were passionate, that none of

:40:23. > :40:28.them want to be victims of child marriage. I went away feeling like

:40:29. > :40:35.something will happen, and progress is being made. Some messages from

:40:36. > :40:40.people watching you discuss this. Vivian says, educating girls is the

:40:41. > :40:44.key to breaking the cycle, that is why foreign aid is so important. If

:40:45. > :40:50.you educate a woman, you educate the family. One person says, if we give

:40:51. > :40:55.education and employment to girls in the world, it would have a juice or

:40:56. > :41:01.completely control child marriage or the number of child bride. This

:41:02. > :41:05.text, 24.6 million girls have to bow to the will of their husband in

:41:06. > :41:10.India alone, this is the abuse and enslavement of millions of women.

:41:11. > :41:14.One person says, I am shocked that children are put through this, a

:41:15. > :41:19.marriage should be a joyous, the union, and above all consenting by

:41:20. > :41:26.both parties. It is shameful that it is still happening. A long way to

:41:27. > :41:31.go, but is their progress? There is, but there is a lot more to do. As

:41:32. > :41:35.Person of the messages, marriage should be one of the happiest days

:41:36. > :42:00.of a girl and a boy's life, and education is the key.

:42:01. > :42:05.Samsung have suspended global sales of their new phone, because of

:42:06. > :42:09.reports of them catching fire. Let's find out more

:42:10. > :42:11.about what this means for Samsung. Dan Worth is the Deputy Editor

:42:12. > :42:26.for the tech website V3. How bad is it for Samsung, and for

:42:27. > :42:29.customers? For Samsung it is disastrous, this is one of their big

:42:30. > :42:33.flagship phones that they have been promoting for some time. It happens

:42:34. > :42:39.once, the phones catch on fire, terrible publicity, they reissue a

:42:40. > :42:44.new one, it is happening again. It does not get any worse than that.

:42:45. > :42:46.That is the bit that people cannot understand, they took everything

:42:47. > :42:52.back, they thought they had sorted it. You would test that product

:42:53. > :42:57.again before you said it was OK. That is the bit that does not make

:42:58. > :43:01.sense. It is hard to understand how it happened. People said they rushed

:43:02. > :43:08.the first phones out to beat Apple to market. But how it has happened a

:43:09. > :43:14.second time, maybe they are rushing it to keep their customers loyal.

:43:15. > :43:19.But again, it seems to have backfired. It will be interesting to

:43:20. > :43:21.see what comes out in their own internal testing, because it is

:43:22. > :43:27.unbelievable it has happened twice. If you are a customer, you need a

:43:28. > :43:34.phone. You are not going to hang around. If you have one, you should

:43:35. > :43:39.get rid of it. One of them caught fire on a plane, imagine that in the

:43:40. > :43:44.sky. They have been lucky that nobody has been seriously injured or

:43:45. > :43:48.worse by one of these phones. Most retailers or operators will offer

:43:49. > :43:55.exchange programmes for other devices. EE said they would offer

:43:56. > :44:02.other devices. It is not worth the risk.

:44:03. > :44:10.You will expect some kind of refund, presumably, will that happen? Yes,

:44:11. > :44:15.if you take the phone back, rather than getting another one, they will

:44:16. > :44:22.give you an equivalent device either from Samsung or another manufacturer

:44:23. > :44:27.like the iPhone or similar. It would be equivalent cash value. If it is

:44:28. > :44:30.?50 cheaper, you have to pay an additional ?50. That will vary from

:44:31. > :44:35.customer to customer, and I am sure we will hear good experiences and

:44:36. > :44:41.bad experiences, but no matter how much you want that phone, it is a

:44:42. > :44:47.serious risk. They are stopping production, that shows how bad they

:44:48. > :44:51.know this is. If you have been a customer, are you going to give them

:44:52. > :45:04.another chance? That is the big worry. They were touting the loyalty

:45:05. > :45:08.of their customers, whether they will get a second time around

:45:09. > :45:14.remains to be seen. A lot of people who have had these exploding phones,

:45:15. > :45:18.some of them said, they have gone to Apple now. Samsung are massive, they

:45:19. > :45:21.are the only company that have managed to match Apple in the

:45:22. > :45:25.smartphone market. They won't disappear because of this, but it

:45:26. > :45:32.will be interesting to see how they can retain the global presence of

:45:33. > :45:37.being Apple's main rival. The other problem, this past week Google has

:45:38. > :45:40.entered the smartphone market. That is a major brand going head-to-head

:45:41. > :45:43.with Apple and Samsung, and the timing for Samsung is disastrous, it

:45:44. > :45:53.could not have come at a worse time. Why are the phones catching fire?

:45:54. > :45:59.Well, that's the billion dollar question. If Samsung knew that, we

:46:00. > :46:06.wouldn't be in this situation. It is something to do with the battery.

:46:07. > :46:10.There is a lot of components and any tiny bit of overheating will set

:46:11. > :46:22.something off and you have got a brick of fire in a plane, in your

:46:23. > :46:27.car, in your home. Thank you very much, Dan.

:46:28. > :46:29.Samsung have issued the following statement,

:46:30. > :46:31."Because consumers' safety remains our top priority,

:46:32. > :46:33.Samsung will ask all carrier and retail partners globally to stop

:46:34. > :46:35.sales and exchanges of the Galaxy Note 7

:46:36. > :46:38.while the investigation is taking place.

:46:39. > :46:41.Consumers with either an original Galaxy Note 7 or replacement

:46:42. > :46:50.Galaxy Note 7 device should power down and stop using the device."

:46:51. > :46:54.When airstrikes hit rebel-held parts of Syria, a group of 3,000 civilian

:46:55. > :47:01.volunteers are usually the first on the scene.

:47:02. > :47:05.The White Helmets, or the Syrian Civil Defence,

:47:06. > :47:08.to give them their official title, act as first responders

:47:09. > :47:14.in the Syrian civil war, which is now into its sixth year.

:47:15. > :47:16.At extraordinary risk to their own lives, and unpaid,

:47:17. > :47:21.the White Helmets carry out search-and-rescue operations

:47:22. > :47:24.to save as many people as they possibly can.

:47:25. > :47:27.And things aren't getting any easier.

:47:28. > :47:29.In the last week, the UN special envoy for Syria warned

:47:30. > :47:34.that the whole of rebel-held eastern Aleppo could be destroyed

:47:35. > :47:35.by Christmas if the Russian-backed bombing

:47:36. > :47:42.A little earlier, I spoke to Ammar Al-Sakmo, who's head

:47:43. > :47:45.of the White Helmets in Aleppo, and began by asking him

:47:46. > :48:03.The White Helmets are volunteers that risk their lives in order to

:48:04. > :48:15.save others. They risk their lives to save others and we actually also

:48:16. > :48:22.make these decisions because you are exposed to being attacked. So Civil

:48:23. > :48:26.Defence are Syrians, give the services to the Syrians in order to

:48:27. > :48:32.survive. So when bombs fall on Aleppo, you

:48:33. > :48:41.are sometimes the first people on the scene to try and save your

:48:42. > :48:53.fellow Syrians? Actually, yes, we are the first responders and we are

:48:54. > :49:02.the first to reach the place and get them out of the rubble and give them

:49:03. > :49:12.First Aid. For those who have a chronic illness, they suffer a lot.

:49:13. > :49:24.Yesterday kids died because there is a lack of milk. The siege has been

:49:25. > :49:26.going on for 100 days. This situation makes the atmosphere like

:49:27. > :49:32.hell because there is no hope. MPs will hold an emergency debate

:49:33. > :49:34.this afternoon on the worsening Earlier I spoke to Conservative MP,

:49:35. > :49:40.and former cabinet minister for International Development,

:49:41. > :49:41.Andrew Mitchell, who's He's likened Russia's actions

:49:42. > :49:45.in Syria to that of the Nazis bombing of civilians

:49:46. > :49:47.in Spain in the 1930s. I asked him how desperate

:49:48. > :49:59.the situation was now in Aleppo. Aleppo was one of the great cities

:50:00. > :50:04.of the world. It has been there for 6,000 years, two million people.

:50:05. > :50:09.Today, it is largely rubble. The Russian Air Force has been pounding

:50:10. > :50:16.hospitals. Last week they wiped out a hospital that is largely

:50:17. > :50:20.underground. They used bunker bombs, bunker-busting bombs and they used

:50:21. > :50:25.cluster bombs which are specifically aimed at blowing off the limbs of

:50:26. > :50:33.people. From a population of two million, Aleppo now has less than

:50:34. > :50:36.250,000 people, most of whom are cowering in the cellars and

:50:37. > :50:41.underground waiting for the next Russian attack to be visited upon

:50:42. > :50:47.them. You will know the Syrians, the Russians, say that they are

:50:48. > :50:52.attacking an extremist in the city? The Russian Air Force are attacking

:50:53. > :50:57.innocent civilians. There is indiscriminate bombing. Bombing a

:50:58. > :51:01.hospital is a war crime. The whole Russian action in Aleppo is a breach

:51:02. > :51:06.of international humanitarian law. And what the Russians are doing is

:51:07. > :51:09.they are using their privileged position as a member, permanent

:51:10. > :51:14.member of the United Nations Security Council, to push over

:51:15. > :51:19.international humanitarian law and conventions that we all thought were

:51:20. > :51:23.here to stay. They're doing to the United Nations exactly what the

:51:24. > :51:28.Germans and the Italians did to the League of Nations in the 1930s and

:51:29. > :51:31.if we don't stop it, if we don't persuade the international community

:51:32. > :51:35.to find the strength to confront what Russia is doing then the

:51:36. > :51:38.consequences for our generation and for international order will be very

:51:39. > :51:45.serious indeed. You have compared the Russians to

:51:46. > :51:51.the Nazis. What the Russianses doing on Aleppo is very similar to what

:51:52. > :51:56.the Nazis did during the Spanish Civil War in the 1930s. They are

:51:57. > :52:00.using indennedry bombs, indiscriminate force from the air,

:52:01. > :52:05.tipping high explosive, tonnes of it out from 30,000 feet and pulverising

:52:06. > :52:09.innocent civilians and it is completely unacceptable.

:52:10. > :52:13.And everybody know that is and the international community has tried to

:52:14. > :52:19.find the strength, as you put t to stop them and has failed? The

:52:20. > :52:24.international community with a great deal of effort, embraced the

:52:25. > :52:30.responsibility to protect the doctrine R 2 P just after the

:52:31. > :52:36.millennium and what the R 2 P said we will never again allow the

:52:37. > :52:39.slaughter that took place in Rwanda, the Bosnia and Srebrenica to take

:52:40. > :52:43.place, we will put that behind us and embrace the doctrine of

:52:44. > :52:46.protecting innocent civilians. That don't trick has been shredded today

:52:47. > :52:51.and the international community face a very stark choice - are they going

:52:52. > :52:55.to confront this or are they just going to wring their hands and look

:52:56. > :53:01.the other way and it will continue? It is the later. It is happening. It

:53:02. > :53:06.is the later. Well sh there are signs that civil society as a head

:53:07. > :53:10.of politicians, we have seen polling taken today across Europe that That

:53:11. > :53:15.the majority of people by a significant level, are in favour of

:53:16. > :53:20.no-fly zones and safe havens and protections for civilians. I think

:53:21. > :53:24.opinion is changing. We have seen the United Nations

:53:25. > :53:29.Secretary-General, Ban Ki-Moon call for the Russians to be referred to

:53:30. > :53:32.the international court. We have seen strong words from Francois

:53:33. > :53:40.Hollande about the actions of Russia. Let's hope that Russia is

:53:41. > :53:46.being seen for the pariah state that it is. President Putin doesn't care

:53:47. > :53:50.about the words of Francois Hollande, and Ban Ki-Moon, when you

:53:51. > :53:56.say confront, what do you mean? I think there has been a perfect storm

:53:57. > :53:59.on this. Europe has been facing inwards worrying about Brexit,

:54:00. > :54:03.worrying about Greece, German banks and so forth and America, of course,

:54:04. > :54:07.is convulsed in this extraordinary election and it is unable to look

:54:08. > :54:11.outwards. The Russians have taken advantage of international confusion

:54:12. > :54:16.and attention elsewhere... What does confront mean? Confront means making

:54:17. > :54:19.it clear to the Russians that they cannot carry out the breaches of

:54:20. > :54:23.international humanitarian law zmrflt so more strong words and

:54:24. > :54:26.perhaps a referral to the International Criminal Court with

:54:27. > :54:31.respect, big deal. It is not going to stop President Putin. They can

:54:32. > :54:34.see that militarily they're winning? They're not winning because there

:54:35. > :54:38.won't be a military victory in Syria. How do you know? Because we

:54:39. > :54:44.have seen what happened for the last five years. No side is going to win

:54:45. > :54:49.clean in Syria. You maybe right, but it would seem that President Assad

:54:50. > :54:54.and President Putin are prepared to continue for years, if that's what

:54:55. > :54:59.it takes, pounding Syrian citizens? I think that if the international

:55:00. > :55:05.community now accepts it has a responsibility to protect and looks

:55:06. > :55:08.at no-fly zones and safe havens, John Major when he was Prime

:55:09. > :55:13.Minister led the world in securing a safe haven and a no-fly zone in

:55:14. > :55:17.northern Iraq to protect innocent civilians who lived there. If the

:55:18. > :55:21.world can find that strength, if Britain using its convening power

:55:22. > :55:25.through the United Nations, through our presence as a major European

:55:26. > :55:30.state, through Nato, can use that power to try and get a collective

:55:31. > :55:33.opinion and will to take action then I think we can make progress. After

:55:34. > :55:37.all there, is going to end at some point. We just ought to do

:55:38. > :55:41.everything we can to ensure that it ends before yet more innocent

:55:42. > :55:45.civilians in Aleppo and more widely in Syria are murdered by the Russian

:55:46. > :55:48.regime. You have called for a debate in the Commons about this. What

:55:49. > :55:52.would be the point of that? I think it is for members of Parliament to

:55:53. > :55:56.reflect the views of civil society, their own views, to the Government

:55:57. > :56:01.on what now needs to happen. It is a chance for all of us to put to the

:56:02. > :56:04.Government some questions, some ideas, some actions that Britain can

:56:05. > :56:08.take. After all, Britain has a strong leadership position in the

:56:09. > :56:12.world. We are engaged as one of the permanent five members in the United

:56:13. > :56:17.Nations, we're one of the leading European powers, we are a leading

:56:18. > :56:21.power in Nato. We need to bring to bear all the influence that we can

:56:22. > :56:25.through our diplomatic networks and other arrangements too to try and

:56:26. > :56:30.see whether we can forge together an international will to take action on

:56:31. > :56:35.this. And I think Parliament this afternoon, will reflect the urgency

:56:36. > :56:38.that many people in civil society, throughout Britain and elsewhere in

:56:39. > :56:42.the world feel about the catastrophe, the worst of our

:56:43. > :56:45.century so far, the shredding of international humanitarian law that

:56:46. > :56:50.is going on today and a requirement for action.

:56:51. > :56:54.Will Theresa May listen? Sorry, she will listen, will she deliver? Will

:56:55. > :56:57.she do anything? Theresa May is extremely concerned by what is

:56:58. > :57:01.happening in Syria. I've talked to her about the situation very shortly

:57:02. > :57:06.after she became Prime Minister. I think she is acutely aware of the

:57:07. > :57:10.massive loss of life and the humanitarian catastrophe. Is she do

:57:11. > :57:13.anything? I'm certain that Theresa May will want Britain to put its

:57:14. > :57:16.shoulder to the wheel in the way that you've described to galvanise

:57:17. > :57:23.international opinion to take action.

:57:24. > :57:28.Andrew Mitchell, Conservative MP and former international development

:57:29. > :57:34.secretary. Thaw for your messages. Here are people who got in touch to

:57:35. > :57:44.say they were charged. Lee said, "I applied for a shotgun licence. Part

:57:45. > :57:48.of the process doctor's letter. I was not asked to pay anything. The

:57:49. > :57:52.fact that a student who is ill and needed more time to submit

:57:53. > :57:58.coursework was charged ?15, well I wasn't charged for something that is

:57:59. > :58:04.not essential is ludicrous." Anni aession says, "My son was charged

:58:05. > :58:08.?25 for a doctor's letter with regards to his depression and

:58:09. > :58:13.anxiety. The letter was required by the university. No mention of a

:58:14. > :58:18.charge was made until after the letter was requested." Andrew says,

:58:19. > :58:25."Most intelligent know the difference between a real clown and

:58:26. > :58:28.someone wearing a cheap mask. A lot of it is social media and media

:58:29. > :58:45.infused. Join Andrew Marr as he reads

:58:46. > :58:47.into the books we love