0:00:09 > 0:00:10Hello, it's Monday, it's nine o'clock,
0:00:10 > 0:00:17I'm Victoria Derbyshire, welcome to the programme.
0:00:17 > 0:00:19This morning, in a TV first, we're broadcasting live
0:00:19 > 0:00:22from a primary school for children who've been excluded from or can't
0:00:22 > 0:00:23be taught in mainstream education.
0:00:23 > 0:00:25It's called a pupil referral unit.
0:00:25 > 0:00:27No, no!
0:00:27 > 0:00:35Well, I did really bad stuff like pushing on people
0:00:35 > 0:00:36and punching some people
0:00:36 > 0:00:37and sometimes kicked them.
0:00:37 > 0:00:41I don't...!
0:00:41 > 0:00:44That's Kayden.
0:00:44 > 0:00:46This morning, we'll see how children like him are given
0:00:46 > 0:00:49the help to turn their behaviour and their lives around.
0:00:49 > 0:00:51And we'll meet some of their parents.
0:00:51 > 0:00:59It's hard to accept that your child is not actually that lovable.
0:01:01 > 0:01:04Erm, so I used to say like I love him,
0:01:04 > 0:01:08but how the hell is anyone else going to love him or even like him?
0:01:08 > 0:01:11Almost every child here successfully returns to mainstream school -
0:01:11 > 0:01:15so how do the teachers do it?
0:01:15 > 0:01:18The stigma is that it's a place for naughty children.
0:01:18 > 0:01:19They're not naughty children.
0:01:19 > 0:01:24They're wonderful, bright, intelligent, just amazing children,
0:01:24 > 0:01:29but they've made poor choices, and that's a big, big difference.
0:01:29 > 0:01:33This morning, we've been given incredible access to this school,
0:01:33 > 0:01:35some of its pupils, some of their mums and dads
0:01:35 > 0:01:40and to the teachers here.
0:01:40 > 0:01:43And the reason we're here is because we can exclusively reveal
0:01:43 > 0:01:46that there's been a big rise in the numbers of primary school
0:01:46 > 0:01:54children being educated in pupil referral units.
0:02:06 > 0:02:10Morning, welcome to Hawkswood Primary Pupil Referral Unit
0:02:10 > 0:02:15in Waltham Forest, North East London.
0:02:15 > 0:02:18We're broadcasting to you live here all morning.
0:02:18 > 0:02:21This is where children come when they're kicked out
0:02:21 > 0:02:25of mainstream school or in danger of being kicked out.
0:02:25 > 0:02:29It is a pretty small screw, this is the main corridor, the main
0:02:29 > 0:02:34thoroughfare, 40 pupils, and it is at capacity, and this is a place
0:02:34 > 0:02:37where children come when they have been kicked out of mainstream
0:02:37 > 0:02:41education, or where they are in danger of being kicked out of
0:02:41 > 0:02:45mainstream education. Children as young as four come to this pupil
0:02:45 > 0:02:50referral unit, or PRU, as it is known. Often they children have
0:02:50 > 0:02:54emotional problems, a history of aggressive or violent behaviour
0:02:54 > 0:02:59towards siblings, parents, teachers and other pupils in their class. We
0:02:59 > 0:03:02have been given exclusive access to this cool to meet the pupils and the
0:03:02 > 0:03:11staff whose job it is to turn around of the children here. -- the school.
0:03:11 > 0:03:14As you'd expect, we very much want your input too.
0:03:14 > 0:03:16Does your child go to a pupil referral unit?
0:03:16 > 0:03:17Did you go to one?
0:03:17 > 0:03:22Tell us your own experience.
0:03:22 > 0:03:27We will be concentrating on PRUs throughout the week, and tomorrow we
0:03:27 > 0:03:31will be taking your calls on this subject. So do get in touch in the
0:03:31 > 0:03:39usual way. First, the news with John. --
0:03:39 > 0:03:40Joanna.
0:03:40 > 0:03:43Jeremy Corbyn will set out Labour's position
0:03:43 > 0:03:45on Brexit this morning after months of demands
0:03:45 > 0:03:46that the party clarify its plans.
0:03:46 > 0:03:49In a speech later, he'll say the UK should negotiate a bespoke agreement
0:03:49 > 0:03:53with the EU on a customs union, and a strong new relationship
0:03:53 > 0:03:53with the single market.
0:03:53 > 0:03:55The Conservatives say his proposals would breach promises made
0:03:55 > 0:03:57at the last general election.
0:03:57 > 0:03:59You can watch Mr Corbyn's speech on this programme.
0:03:59 > 0:04:02It's expected at about 10:30.
0:04:02 > 0:04:05Four people have been killed in an explosion in Leicester,
0:04:05 > 0:04:08which destroyed a building in the middle of a parade of shops.
0:04:08 > 0:04:10Another four people remain in hospital,
0:04:10 > 0:04:15one with serious injuries.
0:04:15 > 0:04:16Emergency teams are still searching through the wreckage
0:04:16 > 0:04:18in the Hinckley Road area of the city.
0:04:18 > 0:04:23Andy Moore reports.
0:04:24 > 0:04:28The immediate aftermath of an explosion that destroyed a shop and
0:04:28 > 0:04:33a two storey shop above it. Police say there were four confirmed
0:04:33 > 0:04:37fatalities and four people remain in hospital, one with serious injuries.
0:04:37 > 0:04:41The search and rescue operation continued overnight for any more
0:04:41 > 0:04:51victims. Police say there may be other people and accounted for. --
0:04:51 > 0:04:54unaccounted four.We still think this is a rescue operation, we using
0:04:54 > 0:04:58shoring techniques to try to rescue anyone who may be alive in the
0:04:58 > 0:05:03building.Local people spoke about the force of the explosion and the
0:05:03 > 0:05:07fierceness of the fire that followed.We heard a low explosion,
0:05:07 > 0:05:11and it felt like a tremendous shock through the house, like it was going
0:05:11 > 0:05:17to bring the ceiling down.I live here, I rang the police, 999, and
0:05:17 > 0:05:21they said what services, I said everything you can send.Police say
0:05:21 > 0:05:25they don't know what caused the blast, a joint investigation with
0:05:25 > 0:05:29the Fire Service will get under way once the site has been made safe.
0:05:29 > 0:05:32There's been a big rise in the number of primary school
0:05:32 > 0:05:34children being educated in pupil referral units, according
0:05:34 > 0:05:36to a freedom of information request by this programme.
0:05:36 > 0:05:38Children are referred to the units when they've been excluded,
0:05:38 > 0:05:41or are close to being excluded, from their mainstream school.
0:05:41 > 0:05:43Over the last four years, a third more children in England
0:05:43 > 0:05:49are being schooled in the units.
0:05:49 > 0:05:52New legislation to cap poor-value energy tariffs
0:05:52 > 0:05:54and save consumers money is being introduced
0:05:54 > 0:05:56to Parliament later.
0:05:56 > 0:05:58The Government says it will protect 11 million
0:05:58 > 0:06:00people from higher bills.
0:06:00 > 0:06:03The industry has warned the cap could stifle competition.
0:06:03 > 0:06:05Nigeria says it's deploying more airplanes to assist
0:06:05 > 0:06:08in the search for the girls missing after an Islamist attack
0:06:08 > 0:06:11on their school last week.
0:06:11 > 0:06:14More than 100 girls are feared to have been abducted
0:06:14 > 0:06:18by Boko Haram militants in Yobe state in the northeast.
0:06:18 > 0:06:21The authorities said police and security officials had been sent
0:06:21 > 0:06:25to schools there to deter new attacks by the insurgents.
0:06:25 > 0:06:29Parts of the UK will feel colder than the Arctic Circle
0:06:29 > 0:06:33this week with widespread snow and bitterly cold winds.
0:06:33 > 0:06:35Rail companies in East Anglia say their services
0:06:35 > 0:06:38will end early tonight.
0:06:38 > 0:06:40C2C and Greater Anglia have also cancelled services
0:06:40 > 0:06:41on Tuesday and Wednesday.
0:06:41 > 0:06:44They urge customers to check before travelling.
0:06:44 > 0:06:47That's a summary of the latest BBC News.
0:06:47 > 0:06:49Now the sport with Hugh.
0:06:49 > 0:06:52Good morning.
0:06:52 > 0:06:55Manchester City have won their first trophy under manager Pep Guardiola
0:06:55 > 0:06:56with a comfortable 3-0 win over Arsenal.
0:06:56 > 0:06:59City captain Vincent Kompany was on the scoresheet
0:06:59 > 0:07:02as the Premier League's runaway leaders secured the first domestic
0:07:02 > 0:07:06title of the season.
0:07:06 > 0:07:08Afterwards, Guardiola thanked the club for its support
0:07:08 > 0:07:12during his trophy-less first season.
0:07:12 > 0:07:14A good win too for the red half of Manchester.
0:07:14 > 0:07:17United came from behind to beat Chelsea 2-1 at Old Trafford
0:07:17 > 0:07:18in the Premier League.
0:07:18 > 0:07:20After Willian's opener, United striker Romelu Lukaku
0:07:20 > 0:07:24levelled things before crossing in for substitute Jesse Lingard
0:07:24 > 0:07:26to nod in the winner which takes United back into
0:07:26 > 0:07:29second place in the table.
0:07:29 > 0:07:33Chelsea, though, slip out of the Champions League spots.
0:07:33 > 0:07:38Six Nations Rugby say they'll investigate an alleged melee before
0:07:38 > 0:07:41Scotland's Calcutta Cup victory over England on Saturday.
0:07:41 > 0:07:44As the teams returned to the dressing rooms
0:07:44 > 0:07:47after warming up, England back Owen Farrell and Scotland forward
0:07:47 > 0:07:48Ryan Wilson appeared to clash.
0:07:48 > 0:07:51The Six Nations said it would be writing to the unions to request
0:07:51 > 0:07:59clarification on what happened in the tunnel.
0:08:01 > 0:08:06That is all the sport for now, Victoria, back to you. Good morning,
0:08:06 > 0:08:08hello, welcome to our programme.
0:08:08 > 0:08:10This morning, we're broadcasting live from a pupil referral unit
0:08:10 > 0:08:12or PRU in Waltham Forest in North East London.
0:08:12 > 0:08:15It is the first time a live TV programme has come from a school
0:08:15 > 0:08:20like this, a primary school in north-east London, 40 pupils between
0:08:20 > 0:08:24the ages of four and 11. This is where they come when they are kicked
0:08:24 > 0:08:29out of mainstream education or are in danger of being kicked out. 351
0:08:29 > 0:08:34PRUs across England. Aspiration is really important in this particular
0:08:34 > 0:08:38school, have a look at this, some artwork on one of the wars, Martin
0:08:38 > 0:08:42Luther King had a dream, and the children are photographed holding up
0:08:42 > 0:08:46their own posters - I have a dream, if I could make a difference and
0:08:46 > 0:08:51become PM. I have a dream I could save millions of dogs, cats and
0:08:51 > 0:08:54animals in the world. The reason we are here today is because we have
0:08:54 > 0:08:58discovered there has been a big rise in the numbers of primary
0:08:58 > 0:09:03schoolchildren being educated in places like this, in PRUs. The
0:09:03 > 0:09:07question is, why? That is what we are going to explore this morning.
0:09:07 > 0:09:10In a few minutes, we are going to show you an incredible film which
0:09:10 > 0:09:15shows you the kind of techniques that they used here. After you, if
0:09:15 > 0:09:21you want to go through. The kind of techniques that they use here,
0:09:21 > 0:09:26including restraint, that help turn a child's life around. They have
0:09:26 > 0:09:31given us such transparent, open access, it is a real insight. First,
0:09:31 > 0:09:40I have been told it is OK to go into one of the lessons,
0:09:40 > 0:09:47one of the lessons, so this is Ms Mwaniki's class one. Hello! Good
0:09:47 > 0:09:52morning, Ms Mwaniki, how are you? Good morning, everybody!Morning!
0:09:52 > 0:09:57Thank you for having us in your lesson, don't let me interrupt, go
0:09:57 > 0:10:07on, carry on.So we know what happened to him, what did he do?
0:10:07 > 0:10:09happened to him, what did he do? And then what else? What did we learn in
0:10:09 > 0:10:20that story? Yes?He was on the hard floor.Fantastic, we are going to
0:10:20 > 0:10:25think about how we can fracture that, because he did not fall. Yes?
0:10:25 > 0:10:33Shall we change it? Jayden T?Maybe you could change it and say Ampadu
0:10:33 > 0:10:41do the felt off the wall...Stop there, remember, what do we have to
0:10:41 > 0:10:46do...I am going to pause you, if that is all right, just so we can
0:10:46 > 0:10:50have a chat. This is obviously a literacy lesson, can we take a seat
0:10:50 > 0:10:55here?
0:10:56 > 0:11:01here? Hi, how are you, I am Victoria, we have met before. Hi,
0:11:01 > 0:11:04Andrew, Jacob, how are you? Thank you very much for allowing me to
0:11:04 > 0:11:09interrupt your literacy lesson, take a seat, of course. What is it like
0:11:09 > 0:11:15here?What it is like here is that you are very caring people around
0:11:15 > 0:11:21you who really help you, so Ms Mwaniki, because she helps most of
0:11:21 > 0:11:26the children here, and they kind of get that you are in a safe
0:11:26 > 0:11:29environment, and it helps mentally and physically, basically, because
0:11:29 > 0:11:38it helps you integrate into mainstream school, because when, say
0:11:38 > 0:11:42me, when I was of age to be in a mainstream school, I used to keep
0:11:42 > 0:11:48coming out and getting excluded, but this cool gives you extra help, it
0:11:48 > 0:11:55is helping me understand how it is better to go into Andrea Tiberi. --
0:11:55 > 0:12:03this school.Andrew, what is it like for you?
0:12:04 > 0:12:10for you?It is nice and safe, and it has helped me a lot, when I first
0:12:10 > 0:12:15came here, I didn't like it, but now I do, and especially Ms Mwaniki, she
0:12:15 > 0:12:21has helped me through everything, and it is a very disciplined school.
0:12:21 > 0:12:28And that is good, is it?Yes.Jacob, how long have you been here?About a
0:12:28 > 0:12:35year, and when I first started here, I was having trouble behaving and
0:12:35 > 0:12:41making loads of wrong choices... That is what you use to be like?
0:12:41 > 0:12:46Yeah, but now if there is somebody, like, annoying me or something, I
0:12:46 > 0:12:54will just ignore them. And I would just stay away from them if I know
0:12:54 > 0:13:00they are going to create trouble or something, and if one of my friends
0:13:00 > 0:13:04is trying to tell me to do something wrong or something like that, I
0:13:04 > 0:13:09would ignore him and say no, I know that is the wrong thing and I
0:13:09 > 0:13:15shouldn't do that.And that is the kind of thing you can teach them?
0:13:15 > 0:13:22And this is your last week, isn't it?Yes.You are going back to your
0:13:22 > 0:13:29old primary school?Yes, Monday is my last day.How does it feel?I am
0:13:29 > 0:13:42a little anxious, but I have come very far, and I have worked hard to
0:13:42 > 0:13:47reach this point.We are going to talk more in a moment, thank you
0:13:47 > 0:13:51very much for having me in your classroom, I really want to urge you
0:13:51 > 0:14:02to watch this film.
0:14:02 > 0:14:04Do you know why you came here?
0:14:04 > 0:14:09Because I was being bad at my other one...school.
0:14:09 > 0:14:17I think there is a stigma attached to pupil referral units.
0:14:22 > 0:14:23He pinched me!
0:14:23 > 0:14:24Nicholas.
0:14:24 > 0:14:27The stigma is that it's a place for naughty children.
0:14:27 > 0:14:29Good boy, Nicholas.
0:14:29 > 0:14:31SCREAMING.
0:14:31 > 0:14:34I mean, I don't like that terminology at all.
0:14:34 > 0:14:35No, no!
0:14:35 > 0:14:37I used to swear a lot.
0:14:37 > 0:14:39I used to be mean to the teachers a lot.
0:14:39 > 0:14:42Did you have a good weekend?
0:14:42 > 0:14:44No.
0:14:44 > 0:14:46You do get really attached to them.
0:14:46 > 0:14:49The time you spend with them, the things you go through
0:14:49 > 0:14:51together, it's just...
0:14:51 > 0:14:53There's nothing like it, really.
0:14:53 > 0:14:56They're not naughty children.
0:14:56 > 0:15:00They're wonderful, bright, intelligent, just amazing children
0:15:00 > 0:15:07but they've made poor choices, and that's a big, big difference.
0:15:24 > 0:15:26It's a big day for Kayden.
0:15:26 > 0:15:31His first with a new class at Hawkswood pupil referral unit.
0:15:31 > 0:15:34He's only six, yet he is in danger of being permanently excluded
0:15:34 > 0:15:39from his mainstream school.
0:15:39 > 0:15:43Well, I did really bad stuff.
0:15:43 > 0:15:46Like pushing other people and punching some people
0:15:46 > 0:15:49and sometimes kicked them.
0:15:49 > 0:15:52Kayden, you are very good at that.
0:15:52 > 0:15:55He's recently, from what we understand, been
0:15:55 > 0:15:58on a reduced timetable, so he wouldn't be in class all day.
0:15:58 > 0:15:59Do you know why you did that?
0:15:59 > 0:16:01I don't know.
0:16:01 > 0:16:04I think they got me in a really bad mood.
0:16:04 > 0:16:11People do that sometimes.
0:16:11 > 0:16:15So our aim would be to get him back into a mainstream classroom
0:16:15 > 0:16:17where he can be there all day and accessing the curriculum
0:16:17 > 0:16:21like all of his peers.
0:16:21 > 0:16:24He's in a class with four other children in the same boat.
0:16:24 > 0:16:26Today's the first time they've all been together.
0:16:26 > 0:16:27OK.
0:16:27 > 0:16:28Hey!
0:16:28 > 0:16:30That's it.
0:16:30 > 0:16:34When they all first came in, I think they were a bit bubbly
0:16:34 > 0:16:37and a bit jumpy because they just needed to feel secure in this
0:16:37 > 0:16:39space and they needed to feel secure with me.
0:16:39 > 0:16:42And the new environment is testing one of Kayden's triggers.
0:16:42 > 0:16:43Noise.
0:16:43 > 0:16:44She called me a baby!
0:16:44 > 0:16:45No, I didn't!
0:16:45 > 0:16:46Yes, you did.
0:16:46 > 0:16:47Liar, liar, pants on fire.
0:16:47 > 0:16:48Nicholas.
0:16:48 > 0:16:50You don't like noise, do you?
0:16:50 > 0:16:57No.
0:16:57 > 0:17:02Your hands to yourself, and you were hurting people.
0:17:02 > 0:17:05That's why I have got the ear defenders, to block
0:17:05 > 0:17:08off every single noise.
0:17:08 > 0:17:11You need to speak nicely to your friends and if you can't do that...
0:17:11 > 0:17:14Scared by the noise, Kayden has started to act up.
0:17:14 > 0:17:20Kayden, we're going to move you out of this area.
0:17:20 > 0:17:26Look what you've done.
0:17:26 > 0:17:27What do you want me to do?
0:17:27 > 0:17:28Look what, you made me...
0:17:28 > 0:17:29Show me.
0:17:29 > 0:17:30No, no!
0:17:30 > 0:17:32Are you done?
0:17:32 > 0:17:33Wait there.
0:17:33 > 0:17:34Come here.
0:17:34 > 0:17:35Leave me alone!
0:17:35 > 0:17:41I just want to be left alone!
0:17:41 > 0:17:43Kayden, I can take you to the blue chair.
0:17:43 > 0:17:47I want to just be left alone.
0:17:47 > 0:17:53Why can't I be left alone?
0:17:53 > 0:17:54You want to be left alone?
0:17:54 > 0:17:56It's not safe for me to leave you here.
0:17:56 > 0:17:57I want to.
0:17:57 > 0:17:59I can leave you alone, but not here.
0:17:59 > 0:18:00Yes.
0:18:00 > 0:18:02Here is not the place.
0:18:02 > 0:18:05I can leave you alone inside the classroom on the blue chair.
0:18:05 > 0:18:07I don't...!
0:18:07 > 0:18:08You know you're not allowed to hit me.
0:18:08 > 0:18:10I don't even care!
0:18:10 > 0:18:11OK, well, I do care.
0:18:11 > 0:18:13I don't care!
0:18:13 > 0:18:17It's not nice for me.
0:18:17 > 0:18:19Kayden, why are we here on the floor?
0:18:19 > 0:18:22Are you able to use your words and tell me what's happened?
0:18:22 > 0:18:24OK, that's fine but this isn't a very safe place to be,
0:18:24 > 0:18:26in the middle of the corridor.
0:18:26 > 0:18:27I don't care!
0:18:27 > 0:18:28Oh, you don't need to care.
0:18:28 > 0:18:30You just need to know that we do.
0:18:30 > 0:18:32He almost ran from the noise, and it...
0:18:32 > 0:18:35I would say it distressed him and then that led
0:18:35 > 0:18:37on to undesired behaviour.
0:18:37 > 0:18:41I know that he wanted a little bit of peace and quiet to calm down.
0:18:41 > 0:18:42Yeah.
0:18:42 > 0:18:44Kayden, can we go to a safer place than the corridor
0:18:44 > 0:18:46where it's a bit quieter?
0:18:46 > 0:18:47He was kind of stuck in the moment.
0:18:47 > 0:18:49And so you try a few different tactics.
0:18:49 > 0:18:51Can I show you something before we go?
0:18:51 > 0:18:53I'm going to show you something.
0:18:53 > 0:18:56In here.
0:18:56 > 0:18:59And I said, "Oh, have you seen our new library?
0:18:59 > 0:19:00Do you want to go in?"
0:19:00 > 0:19:01And that was it.
0:19:01 > 0:19:02He came right out of it.
0:19:02 > 0:19:04And that's my favourite book.
0:19:04 > 0:19:05Oh, no way!
0:19:05 > 0:19:06That's your favourite book?
0:19:06 > 0:19:07Are you serious?
0:19:07 > 0:19:08Oh, my goodness, right.
0:19:08 > 0:19:09That's Lego Batman.
0:19:09 > 0:19:11Do you know what we're going to do?
0:19:11 > 0:19:12That was distraction.
0:19:12 > 0:19:17In that moment, that's what brought him down again.
0:19:17 > 0:19:20Kayden's one of 40 pupils at Hawkswood.
0:19:20 > 0:19:24Some are as young as five.
0:19:24 > 0:19:27They all have different needs but they are all here
0:19:27 > 0:19:30because they've struggled to manage their behaviour.
0:19:30 > 0:19:33A typical intervention is approximately 15-20 weeks.
0:19:33 > 0:19:37It's really important that we build attachments with the children
0:19:37 > 0:19:44from a very early stage and we do that via utter consistency.
0:19:44 > 0:19:49For the juniors, the first lesson's PE, every single morning.
0:19:49 > 0:19:52She said scientifically, when you do PE, it helps your
0:19:52 > 0:19:57brain work properly.
0:19:57 > 0:20:00And I don't know if that's true or not but if it's
0:20:00 > 0:20:02scientifically, then count me in.
0:20:02 > 0:20:05At my old school, yeah, I was spitting, I was punching,
0:20:05 > 0:20:10I was hitting and I was throwing chairs about.
0:20:10 > 0:20:12It was really bad.
0:20:12 > 0:20:15The worst time was when six or seven people had to hold
0:20:15 > 0:20:16me down on the floor.
0:20:16 > 0:20:18I spent eight months without being in school.
0:20:18 > 0:20:20It wasn't good.
0:20:20 > 0:20:22It wasn't good because it made my brain hurt.
0:20:22 > 0:20:27I didn't even learn anything.
0:20:27 > 0:20:32My sister had to teach me.
0:20:32 > 0:20:34Do you know, nursery, nursery, nursery, four add
0:20:34 > 0:20:35four, two add two, yeah?
0:20:35 > 0:20:36She had to learn me that.
0:20:36 > 0:20:39Why do you think Jo was kicked out of school?
0:20:39 > 0:20:40Because she was naughty?
0:20:40 > 0:20:41Do we say naughty?
0:20:41 > 0:20:46No, bad.
0:20:46 > 0:20:47What do we say?
0:20:47 > 0:20:48Do we say bad?
0:20:48 > 0:20:49No.
0:20:49 > 0:20:51What do we say?
0:20:51 > 0:20:52She made what?
0:20:52 > 0:20:53The wrong choices.
0:20:53 > 0:20:55She made the wrong choices.
0:20:55 > 0:20:58We teach the children that they have a choice
0:20:58 > 0:21:00when they feel frustrated, they have a choice when they feel
0:21:00 > 0:21:03anxious or angry and we teach them that they are in control
0:21:03 > 0:21:04of those choices.
0:21:04 > 0:21:06Well done for doing the right thing.
0:21:06 > 0:21:07She broke it.
0:21:07 > 0:21:08Jamal, hands in your lap.
0:21:08 > 0:21:09But Miss!
0:21:09 > 0:21:13If you interrupt me again, Kayden, you're going to go on the time out
0:21:13 > 0:21:14chair to think about it.
0:21:14 > 0:21:15And I don't want that.
0:21:15 > 0:21:18But you need to make a good choice and we're not
0:21:18 > 0:21:19interrupting when I'm speaking, do you understand?
0:21:19 > 0:21:23Good boy.
0:21:23 > 0:21:24We've got two minutes till lunchtime.
0:21:24 > 0:21:28Strict rules are always enforced.
0:21:28 > 0:21:31Nicholas is refusing to wash his hands before lunch.
0:21:31 > 0:21:34Nicholas, you need to hurry up and wash your hands.
0:21:34 > 0:21:38Don't do that, Nicholas.
0:21:38 > 0:21:40You'll be on the time out chair.
0:21:40 > 0:21:43Is he going to the time out chair or is he going to go
0:21:43 > 0:21:44and wash his hands?
0:21:44 > 0:21:46He's going to come to the time out chair.
0:21:46 > 0:21:47OK, that's fair enough.
0:21:47 > 0:21:48Come on, Nicholas.
0:21:48 > 0:21:49No, no!
0:21:49 > 0:21:50You have to, Nicholas.
0:21:50 > 0:21:53At times, occasionally, that can lead to a physical intervention,
0:21:53 > 0:21:54to keep the child safe.
0:21:54 > 0:21:55Well done.
0:21:55 > 0:21:57You know the meaning of restraining?
0:21:57 > 0:21:59Basically, when they hold you down because you're being unsafe.
0:21:59 > 0:22:01I understand it here because they explain it
0:22:01 > 0:22:02in a more specific way.
0:22:02 > 0:22:04No, I have to to make sure everybody's safe.
0:22:04 > 0:22:08We need to teach them from very early on that we can keep them safe,
0:22:08 > 0:22:12we can keep them emotionally and physically safe and that
0:22:12 > 0:22:17undesired behaviours won't be tolerated but positive behaviours
0:22:17 > 0:22:18will be rewarded with attention or incentives
0:22:18 > 0:22:20or whatever that may be.
0:22:20 > 0:22:21Excellent.
0:22:21 > 0:22:23Well done, Nicholas.
0:22:23 > 0:22:24That's fine...
0:22:24 > 0:22:30That's OK, but you have to stay on the chair.
0:22:30 > 0:22:32It's basically, like, if you're being unsafe, like,
0:22:32 > 0:22:35say if I came into this room and I threw the table,
0:22:35 > 0:22:37then one of the staff, Miss Gentles would call assistance
0:22:37 > 0:22:40and they will start holding me down because I'm being unsafe.
0:22:40 > 0:22:41No, no, no!
0:22:41 > 0:22:44No, no, no!
0:22:44 > 0:22:46Nicholas, we're going to hold you again because we need
0:22:46 > 0:22:47to make sure you are safe.
0:22:47 > 0:22:48No, no!
0:22:48 > 0:22:50And you're staying on the chair.
0:22:50 > 0:22:51No, no!
0:22:51 > 0:22:52SCREAMING.
0:22:52 > 0:22:53Didn't we, Nicholas?
0:22:53 > 0:22:54Do you remember?
0:22:54 > 0:22:55Yes.
0:22:55 > 0:22:56Stop it.
0:22:56 > 0:22:59I've seen it before, while I'm in class, some
0:22:59 > 0:23:00children have been held.
0:23:00 > 0:23:01I don't know the reason why.
0:23:01 > 0:23:03It's none of my business.
0:23:03 > 0:23:05I've just kept staying out of it.
0:23:05 > 0:23:08You know, we need to wash our hands before we have our lunch.
0:23:08 > 0:23:12If we had said, oh, never mind, hey-ho, after five minutes,
0:23:12 > 0:23:15then the next day, when it came to wash his hands, he could have
0:23:15 > 0:23:18potentially showed us that same behaviour because he would have
0:23:18 > 0:23:26learned that that behaviour got him out of washing his hands.
0:23:32 > 0:23:35Some of the children, potentially their families
0:23:35 > 0:23:37are struggling with housing, and are in quite cramped
0:23:37 > 0:23:43living conditions.
0:23:43 > 0:23:45Some children have come from a background of some form
0:23:45 > 0:23:48of abuse but not all children have and I think that's really
0:23:48 > 0:23:52important to stress.
0:23:52 > 0:23:54That's a slight misconception, that all the children who attend
0:23:54 > 0:23:57the pupil referral unit have come from an abused home
0:23:57 > 0:24:02and that is incorrect.
0:24:02 > 0:24:07The majority of parents are working, trying really hard to provide
0:24:07 > 0:24:08for their children but somewhere along the line, something's
0:24:08 > 0:24:16gone slightly wrong.
0:24:17 > 0:24:20It's home time now and we've collected these items out
0:24:20 > 0:24:23of two of the new pupils' pockets.
0:24:23 > 0:24:26But this isn't completely uncommon and we find that children who have
0:24:26 > 0:24:30got attachment issues and they are trying to form
0:24:30 > 0:24:34new attachments with the staff here, they need to, or feel
0:24:34 > 0:24:37that they need to take something from here and take it home with them
0:24:37 > 0:24:40so they feel connected to here, a place where they felt safe
0:24:40 > 0:24:42and contained today, and take it back home,
0:24:42 > 0:24:50to another place where they feel safe and contained.
0:24:51 > 0:24:52But there's another issue for staff.
0:24:52 > 0:24:57It's spitting.
0:24:57 > 0:25:00For the staff who weren't here yesterday, we discussed...
0:25:00 > 0:25:04The child in Katie's room and spitting.
0:25:04 > 0:25:07Something amazing happened.
0:25:14 > 0:25:15Sit back on your bottom, please.
0:25:21 > 0:25:23I don't like it.
0:25:23 > 0:25:25Mrs Tubridy, I'm so sorry to stop your lovely story.
0:25:25 > 0:25:28Would you ask Miss Sinclair to come and support me, please?
0:25:28 > 0:25:29Anaya is five years old.
0:25:29 > 0:25:33She's currently in reception but has been permanently excluded
0:25:33 > 0:25:34from her mainstream setting.
0:25:34 > 0:25:36Where did the parcels go, Anaya?
0:25:36 > 0:25:38It's quite unusual for a reception child to be permanently
0:25:38 > 0:25:40excluded but it does happen.
0:25:40 > 0:25:41This behaviour is not acceptable.
0:25:41 > 0:25:42No!
0:25:42 > 0:25:44And we won't be having that tomorrow.
0:25:44 > 0:25:45No!
0:25:45 > 0:25:46Anaya, Anaya.
0:25:46 > 0:25:47Do the right thing.
0:25:47 > 0:25:49Oh, dear.
0:25:49 > 0:25:51That's a shame, isn't it, because you started off
0:25:51 > 0:25:53so well this morning.
0:25:53 > 0:25:55She had the best morning.
0:25:55 > 0:25:57We think that she's probably spitting because it's a habit.
0:25:57 > 0:26:01She knows that adults will repel from that
0:26:01 > 0:26:05so as hard as that is for us, we need to make sure that we don't
0:26:05 > 0:26:08pull away or whatever it may be when she's doing that.
0:26:08 > 0:26:12You had then started to spit in my face and on my clothes
0:26:12 > 0:26:14and on my arms and that's not appropriate behaviour.
0:26:14 > 0:26:15No, no.
0:26:15 > 0:26:18If we need to hold her securely, we're holding her securely,
0:26:18 > 0:26:22putting your hand, one hand at each side on the child's face.
0:26:22 > 0:26:24If you continue to make that choice, you will stay here.
0:26:24 > 0:26:27But we really want you to come back into class.
0:26:27 > 0:26:29Katie and I did that and she was spitting
0:26:29 > 0:26:33still on Katie's hand.
0:26:33 > 0:26:36But we talked about the fact that Katie needed to not, you know,
0:26:36 > 0:26:39put her head back or whatever it was because what did she say
0:26:39 > 0:26:41to you when you put your head back?
0:26:41 > 0:26:44I know you're moving your head away but I can still get you.
0:26:44 > 0:26:45Yeah, OK.
0:26:45 > 0:26:47Until this afternoon, this little blip, she has been such
0:26:47 > 0:26:50a superstar so it would be really nice to...
0:26:50 > 0:26:52I'm taking my hand away because I know you can
0:26:52 > 0:26:55control your spitting.
0:26:55 > 0:26:58You have an apology to make to me and the children for spitting
0:26:58 > 0:27:00in our classroom and when you've done that, you've got
0:27:00 > 0:27:01ten minutes of payback.
0:27:01 > 0:27:04When you've done that payback, you can join everybody else
0:27:04 > 0:27:05for after-school club.
0:27:05 > 0:27:12We cannot wait to play with you.
0:27:15 > 0:27:16Careful.
0:27:16 > 0:27:24Careful.
0:27:24 > 0:27:25Kayden lives with his nan and grandad.
0:27:25 > 0:27:27Sometimes we do family game night.
0:27:27 > 0:27:30What do you play on family game night?
0:27:30 > 0:27:33We play Jenga and Pie-face, the new one.
0:27:33 > 0:27:34You play better than grandad.
0:27:34 > 0:27:35Grandad?
0:27:35 > 0:27:36Yes.
0:27:36 > 0:27:40Next, after this, when I win...
0:27:40 > 0:27:43When Kayden came into our life, then I realised there were more
0:27:43 > 0:27:47issues going on than just a typical little boy.
0:27:47 > 0:27:50The darkest point I think for us was knowing that he was having
0:27:50 > 0:27:52really bad meltdowns in school and the school was
0:27:52 > 0:27:53unable to manage that.
0:27:53 > 0:27:57He was climbing up on furniture.
0:27:57 > 0:28:00He was lifting up tables, throwing objects around the classrooms.
0:28:00 > 0:28:04It was just really disturbing for other children to see.
0:28:04 > 0:28:09We never had family game night.
0:28:09 > 0:28:12So he's been in education for two and a half years
0:28:12 > 0:28:13and still can't read and write.
0:28:13 > 0:28:21He would never have done that.
0:28:21 > 0:28:23He can just about write his name and maybe single
0:28:23 > 0:28:24words but that's only
0:28:24 > 0:28:25since he's been at Hawkswood.
0:28:25 > 0:28:27There's been a drastic change in Kayden.
0:28:27 > 0:28:30He can sit down now for at least five or ten minutes
0:28:30 > 0:28:31and actually play a game.
0:28:31 > 0:28:34He can do a little bit of reading with us now.
0:28:34 > 0:28:36He can sit, you know, and just eat his dinner.
0:28:36 > 0:28:39Wow, it sounds like you had lots of fun at school today.
0:28:39 > 0:28:41We don't take Kayden out very often.
0:28:41 > 0:28:44We struggle with the fact that we're worried that Kayden's going to run
0:28:44 > 0:28:47off or he has meltdowns and then we've got to try and explain
0:28:47 > 0:28:50that to parents or people that are staring and looking and I think
0:28:50 > 0:28:52that's the hardest thing is to try and explain
0:28:52 > 0:28:55to someone that actually, I'm really sorry that my child has
0:28:55 > 0:28:58done this to your child or done this to you or whatever,
0:28:58 > 0:28:59but you can't label a child.
0:28:59 > 0:29:02Kayden is not diagnosed so until that diagnosis has been
0:29:02 > 0:29:08made, I will not put a label on him.
0:29:09 > 0:29:11OK, lovely, lovely.
0:29:11 > 0:29:12Well, we'll see you on Wednesday.
0:29:12 > 0:29:14OK, bye.
0:29:14 > 0:29:15OK.
0:29:15 > 0:29:23Who's that?
0:29:24 > 0:29:31That's the father of a potential new referral.
0:29:31 > 0:29:36Dad did not want initially, did not want his son to come here.
0:29:36 > 0:29:42They can be very, very resistant, and to be fair, it's
0:29:42 > 0:29:44completely understandable because when your child starts
0:29:44 > 0:29:46school, you don't expect for them to be referred
0:29:46 > 0:29:49to a pupil referral unit.
0:29:49 > 0:29:51Can go up as high as the 35 degrees?
0:29:51 > 0:29:54They think they are going to walk in and there's children fighting
0:29:54 > 0:29:56in the corridors and all sorts, and then they walk in,
0:29:56 > 0:29:58it's really calm, they go into the classrooms,
0:29:58 > 0:30:00the children are working.
0:30:00 > 0:30:03So, Baz, what's your place? Japan?
0:30:03 > 0:30:06Once we found this school, it was just a big impact.
0:30:06 > 0:30:09Now I'm in school, now I'm learning and now, if I keep behaving,
0:30:09 > 0:30:11I can reintegrate back into a mainstream school.
0:30:11 > 0:30:19Is that what you want? Yeah, and it will happen.
0:30:25 > 0:30:28Kayden's been here six weeks.
0:30:28 > 0:30:30In a couple of months, if all goes well, he'll
0:30:30 > 0:30:35be back at his mainstream school full-time.
0:30:35 > 0:30:37You may choose something from the prize pot.
0:30:37 > 0:30:42I'm so proud of your behaviour for the last few weeks.
0:30:42 > 0:30:44All my favourite stuff is in here.
0:30:44 > 0:30:48All your favourite stuff in there!
0:30:48 > 0:30:52Remember when we were on the carpet this morning, when you were doing
0:30:52 > 0:30:56beautiful sitting and you said to me that you love coming to this school?
0:30:56 > 0:30:57Because I do.
0:30:57 > 0:30:59So tell me some of the things that you do
0:30:59 > 0:31:00when you're making good choices.
0:31:00 > 0:31:02Like, I'm tidying up my room at home.
0:31:02 > 0:31:05You do but thinking about what good things do you do at school?
0:31:05 > 0:31:07Oh, OK. I do good writing.
0:31:07 > 0:31:10Very good writing.
0:31:10 > 0:31:12Where did we go on a special trip last week?
0:31:12 > 0:31:16The mime! The pantomime, good boy!
0:31:16 > 0:31:19Now, that's something that could have been
0:31:19 > 0:31:20quite tricky, couldn't it?
0:31:20 > 0:31:23Yeah, do you know what made me laugh in there?What?
0:31:23 > 0:31:25That wicked witch. Yeah, that made me laugh.
0:31:25 > 0:31:27She turned into a baby!
0:31:27 > 0:31:31She did turn into a baby, didn't she?
0:31:31 > 0:31:34Kayden, normally, when you go to places like theatres and cinemas,
0:31:34 > 0:31:37what do you need to use to help you?
0:31:37 > 0:31:39The ear defenders. Your ear defenders.
0:31:39 > 0:31:41Did you need them at the theatre? No.
0:31:41 > 0:31:43No way!
0:31:43 > 0:31:46Because it wasn't noisy. Well, actually, it was really noisy.
0:31:46 > 0:31:50Yeah, but I didn't even need it. You didn't.
0:31:50 > 0:31:52Because I just ignored it. You did ignore it.
0:31:52 > 0:31:53Give me a high ten.
0:31:53 > 0:31:56I love that word.
0:31:56 > 0:31:57Very, very proud of you,
0:31:57 > 0:32:00and I'm really proud of the teachers that he's got there.
0:32:00 > 0:32:02Knowing the difficulties we are still going through
0:32:02 > 0:32:04and they are still supporting us.
0:32:04 > 0:32:08There's a light at the end of tunnel.
0:32:08 > 0:32:12Good girl.
0:32:12 > 0:32:13Anaya had her best day.
0:32:13 > 0:32:15She made good choices.
0:32:15 > 0:32:18She managed her own behaviour but primarily, she was just so proud
0:32:18 > 0:32:21of herself and I think that rubs off on everybody.
0:32:21 > 0:32:24It was just a happy buzz all day. A really, really good day.
0:32:24 > 0:32:25This is for Kayden.
0:32:25 > 0:32:26APPLAUSE
0:32:26 > 0:32:29We boost children's confidence.
0:32:29 > 0:32:34We show children what they can do.
0:32:34 > 0:32:40You've got your certificate today for that amazing writing last week.
0:32:40 > 0:32:41Yes.
0:32:41 > 0:32:43So if we do more amazing writing, more certificates.
0:32:43 > 0:32:47We teach them that they can have aspirations and they can think big.
0:32:47 > 0:32:51I just want to be a vet when I'm older.
0:32:51 > 0:32:53I love animals, and I love taking care of them
0:32:53 > 0:32:58and making sure they are healthy.
0:32:58 > 0:33:01Today actually, funnily enough, we have been
0:33:01 > 0:33:03learning about mammals, amphibians, reptiles, insects.
0:33:03 > 0:33:05There's this special word for a jellyfish.
0:33:05 > 0:33:08I don't know what it is.
0:33:08 > 0:33:10So I picked a leopard because they are just,
0:33:10 > 0:33:13they are just my spirit animal, really.
0:33:13 > 0:33:18What do you want to be? Police.
0:33:18 > 0:33:20You want to be a policeman? Yeah.
0:33:20 > 0:33:23Kayden.
0:33:23 > 0:33:24Nice hands, because you're a nice police officer.
0:33:24 > 0:33:28Because they catch people that are doing really bad stuff.
0:33:28 > 0:33:34And we sometimes come to arrest you.
0:33:34 > 0:33:39We need to work as a team with the firefighters
0:33:39 > 0:33:47because we're friends.
0:33:53 > 0:33:58Well, as you saw, that film gave a real insight into daily life
0:33:58 > 0:34:03at this school and into how they manage to turn round pupils.
0:34:03 > 0:34:10Deputy head and classroom teacher Leah Mwaniki,
0:34:10 > 0:34:13and some of her pupils - Barrington, age ten, Andrew, age nine,
0:34:13 > 0:34:17and Jacob, who is also nine, are still here.
0:34:17 > 0:34:33Turn!Sorry, ten!Almost turned.And I am 11.Zero points for!
0:34:35 > 0:34:36Natalie on Facebook -
0:34:36 > 0:34:38My daughter spent sometime in a PRU last year
0:34:38 > 0:34:39after a permanent exclusion.
0:34:39 > 0:34:41She is now in a specialist behavioural school
0:34:41 > 0:34:42and she's slowly improving.
0:34:42 > 0:34:44She has complex behavioural issues, awaiting a complete
0:34:44 > 0:34:45diagnosis and support.
0:34:45 > 0:34:52The children are not always naughty children.
0:34:52 > 0:34:54Anonymous text - there's your answer straightaway, small class sizes!
0:34:54 > 0:34:57Trying to teach a class of 30 plus children at the same
0:34:57 > 0:34:58time is impossible.
0:34:58 > 0:35:00It's been like this for decades now.
0:35:00 > 0:35:05I think what is really clear from that film, you are absolutely
0:35:05 > 0:35:11consistent with the rules, and I could hear, and I felt that myself,
0:35:11 > 0:35:15parents are bad than the country going, that is the answer, you have
0:35:15 > 0:35:21to keep doing the same thing. -- up and down the country.What ever you
0:35:21 > 0:35:24are doing, you have to follow it through, and we give them a routine,
0:35:24 > 0:35:29and we give them the choice of following instructions or face the
0:35:29 > 0:35:33consequence, and we have to repeat that over and over again until a
0:35:33 > 0:35:40child understands this is the expectation. Whatever I am expecting
0:35:40 > 0:35:45the child to do, however long it takes, that child will eventually do
0:35:45 > 0:35:51it, so we are very consistent with our boundaries, very tight and firm
0:35:51 > 0:35:55boundaries, as well as the principles of nurture, because we
0:35:55 > 0:36:00fully understand behaviour is communication, so whenever a child
0:36:00 > 0:36:04behaves in a particular way, they are trying to communicate something.
0:36:04 > 0:36:09So we follow the natural principles, and we believe every child, I am so
0:36:09 > 0:36:14passionate about every child, every child must have an opportunity to
0:36:14 > 0:36:22progress. If they have been kicked out of school, where the teachers
0:36:22 > 0:36:26could not control them, whether they are not making progress, but most of
0:36:26 > 0:36:33the children, 98%, after intervention, they go away, having
0:36:33 > 0:36:37made accelerated progress in their learning and their behaviour as
0:36:37 > 0:36:43well.Jacob, how do you think the teachers here help you make the
0:36:43 > 0:36:51right choices, good choices?Well, sometimes I am having trouble or
0:36:51 > 0:37:02something. They would help me... Sometimes, when I first came here,
0:37:02 > 0:37:09they would sometimes take me out of class and help me calm down. But now
0:37:09 > 0:37:16I don't really need that any more, but I used to have to be taken out
0:37:16 > 0:37:23of class sometimes.What about you, Barrington? How do teachers help you
0:37:23 > 0:37:29make the right choices? How long have you been here, by the way30
0:37:29 > 0:37:35months.13 months? Well, all the time I have been here, by the time I
0:37:35 > 0:37:44first came here, I was in Mr Milligan's class, my first class
0:37:44 > 0:37:49with Andrew, and a few other kids, and I was the sort of kid that
0:37:49 > 0:37:55sometimes, throughout the weeks, I kind of slipped into bad behaviour,
0:37:55 > 0:38:00kept on slipping. But at first I really like the school, because I
0:38:00 > 0:38:04felt I was safe in this kind of place, and it was much better than
0:38:04 > 0:38:16my other schools, my past schools. And I made a lot
0:38:16 > 0:38:19And I made a lot of friends, and the first friend was Andrew, he is my
0:38:19 > 0:38:25best friend.He is smiling away at that! You two are best friends?I
0:38:25 > 0:38:31was in the first class with him.And when do you hope to go back to
0:38:31 > 0:38:39either your old school or another mainstream primary?Well, now I am
0:38:39 > 0:38:45in year six, my family, I am going to go to a secondary school, and
0:38:45 > 0:38:50that school is going to be a mainstream school.Is that important
0:38:50 > 0:38:58to you?Very important to me.Why?I care a lot about my future, work, I
0:38:58 > 0:39:03care more about my education, because education, someone said to
0:39:03 > 0:39:07me, education is the key and you need to follow it, because if you
0:39:07 > 0:39:12don't, and you are missing out on your learning, it is really bad. So
0:39:12 > 0:39:16say before I was really missing out on my learning, I kept being pulled
0:39:16 > 0:39:21out of the class, and I was missing a whole bunch of learning. And all
0:39:21 > 0:39:25the other kids were learning, but I wasn't, I was outside the classroom.
0:39:25 > 0:39:29You said in the film that your sister was having to teach you. Can
0:39:29 > 0:39:36I ask you, Ms Mwaniki, if it is all boys here?It is not all boys, but
0:39:36 > 0:39:42the majority of boys. We do have girls, and that the minute I think
0:39:42 > 0:39:50we have...Three.No, two.Three girls at the minute, but the
0:39:50 > 0:39:54majority of them is boys. But as the year progresses, especially around
0:39:54 > 0:39:59July, we will be having more kids. But at the minute, the boys are the
0:39:59 > 0:40:06majority.Listen, thank you very much for having me in your class and
0:40:06 > 0:40:10interrupting your literacy lesson, very good to see you again,
0:40:10 > 0:40:13Barrington, Andrew, Jacob, and good luck when you go to your old primary
0:40:13 > 0:40:22on Monday.What you say to Victoria? Thank you, Victoria!And the people
0:40:22 > 0:40:28at home?Thanks for watching!Thank you so much, bye.
0:40:28 > 0:40:30Schools like Hawkswood are becoming increasingly important,
0:40:30 > 0:40:33because we can reveal for the first time this morning that the number
0:40:33 > 0:40:35of younger children attending units like this one across England
0:40:35 > 0:40:38has significantly increased over recent years.
0:40:38 > 0:40:41Many - including this one - are operating at full capacity
0:40:41 > 0:40:47as demand increases.
0:40:47 > 0:40:51We've also found similar schools in other areas
0:40:51 > 0:40:53even have a waiting list, because there aren't enough places
0:40:53 > 0:40:55for excluded students to go.
0:40:55 > 0:41:00We're about to meet the school head teacher, Marie Gentles.
0:41:00 > 0:41:05The success of this school is, in no small part, down to her
0:41:05 > 0:41:11and the methods she's introduced.
0:41:11 > 0:41:23Hi! Hoops, hang on, I need a fob, don't I? How are you? Thanks so much
0:41:23 > 0:41:29for having us here, take a seat, I am telling you to take a seat in
0:41:29 > 0:41:35your own office! I am getting above myself! How are you?I am very well,
0:41:35 > 0:41:41thank you.Was it a big decision to let us in?Yes, a very big decision,
0:41:41 > 0:41:45because what we do is so precious to us and to the area, what we do here,
0:41:45 > 0:41:52and we have worked long and hard with the schools here to build up
0:41:52 > 0:41:56our reputations, and it is very important that the right message is
0:41:56 > 0:42:00sent across, which is these children are amazing, we just need to
0:42:00 > 0:42:04understand what behaviour is and what it means.I have got a text
0:42:04 > 0:42:11from a chap called Simon, who says, quote, they are not naughty
0:42:11 > 0:42:18children, they have just made bad choices, he says, are you serious?!
0:42:18 > 0:42:24OK! LK, interesting. Children are children. They are so young, so
0:42:24 > 0:42:28mouldable, we have got to give them a chance, this is our future
0:42:28 > 0:42:32generation, so we cannot write children off at primary school-age,
0:42:32 > 0:42:40I do not think that is right or fair. We not saying their
0:42:40 > 0:42:43behavioural choices are OK, but we are saying they need help and
0:42:43 > 0:42:49additional support, and that is what we do for them. And once they have
0:42:49 > 0:42:53affected change, they need to have the chance to be able to be part of
0:42:53 > 0:43:00society, the same way every other child has that chance.Is there, in
0:43:00 > 0:43:05your view, always an explanation for poor behaviour?Yes, there is. So
0:43:05 > 0:43:10there are many reasons. We say there is always a trigger, behaviour is
0:43:10 > 0:43:15communication, so there is always a reason why. The reasons may not be
0:43:15 > 0:43:19seen as desirable to people, but there is always a reason.Like what?
0:43:19 > 0:43:24It could be a learning need, it could be that they are on a spectrum
0:43:24 > 0:43:29and not yet diagnosed, it could be a parental issue, something that has
0:43:29 > 0:43:33affected their home life. There are some in the different issues, but we
0:43:33 > 0:43:37need to drill down to what is going on for this child, for these
0:43:37 > 0:43:42children, and try to help and support them.And not just them,
0:43:42 > 0:43:47their parents.Absolutely, absolutely.You must come across
0:43:47 > 0:43:53some sad stories.We do, many sad stories, but actually that just
0:43:53 > 0:43:57motivates us to work harder. We cannot write these children off, we
0:43:57 > 0:44:03cannot give up on them. We are supposed to be a community, not just
0:44:03 > 0:44:06a school, but as a borough, as a country, you know, we have got to
0:44:06 > 0:44:12come together and support each other.How many children in care are
0:44:12 > 0:44:16in your school?At the moment, not many. We have got one coming up at
0:44:16 > 0:44:22the moment currently.And that is out of 40? And how many children
0:44:22 > 0:44:28live with just one parent?
0:44:33 > 0:44:39Probably about half the pupils.Is that relevant?Yes and no. Some
0:44:39 > 0:44:43people assume that it is and it may not be. You could be the most
0:44:43 > 0:44:47fantastic single parent or you can be a fantastic single parent who
0:44:47 > 0:44:51need additional support. Either way, it is neither here nor there.How do
0:44:51 > 0:44:57you react to the figures that show that there is a rise of a third of
0:44:57 > 0:45:00primary school age children now being educated in pupil referral
0:45:00 > 0:45:05units across England over the last four years?I am not surprised.
0:45:05 > 0:45:09There is so much pressure on schools at the moment. Financial restraints.
0:45:09 > 0:45:14So much pressure on schools. Actually I can talk for the schools
0:45:14 > 0:45:17and Waltham Forest, and the primary schools we work with, the majority
0:45:17 > 0:45:23of them are doing an amazing job. If they have a pupil or pupils who they
0:45:23 > 0:45:27have tried many techniques with, but they are not able to manage their
0:45:27 > 0:45:31behaviour, that is when they call upon us, and that is when we step in
0:45:31 > 0:45:36and support them with this intervention.Do you think
0:45:36 > 0:45:39politicians should worry about this right?Yes, in the sense that we
0:45:39 > 0:45:43need to send more support to schools. What else can we do to make
0:45:43 > 0:45:46sure that more educational professionals have the skills to be
0:45:46 > 0:45:51able to support these children? What else can we do to support not just
0:45:51 > 0:45:56the mainstream schools, but schools like ourselves, to make sure that
0:45:56 > 0:46:00just as it is happening and Waltham Forest, we have this rolling
0:46:00 > 0:46:03programme so that people come into intervention and then successfully
0:46:03 > 0:46:09integrate back into mainstream schools?Your success rate is 96%.
0:46:09 > 0:46:13Not all PRUs are like that. The picture across England is
0:46:13 > 0:46:19inconsistent from our investigations, anyway. Why are some
0:46:19 > 0:46:23think Laurel not successful at helping children reintegrate?I
0:46:23 > 0:46:31think there are number of issues. Each borough has a number of issues.
0:46:31 > 0:46:36In Waltham
0:46:36 > 0:46:41In Waltham I can say confidently that we have an amazing system. An
0:46:41 > 0:46:44amazing referral panel. A great understanding of what we do in
0:46:44 > 0:46:47Waltham Forest with this pupil referral unit and so everybody buys
0:46:47 > 0:46:53into it so it is used as it should be used. I think that could
0:46:53 > 0:46:57potentially be the difference.Let me read the messages for you. This
0:46:57 > 0:47:00tweet from Scott. I am watching the work of teachers and staff at the
0:47:00 > 0:47:05pupil referral unit. It is an eye-opener. What is the definition
0:47:05 > 0:47:10of a hero these days? I would say these teachers fit the brief,
0:47:10 > 0:47:16especially in this tricky environment.
0:47:16 > 0:47:19environment. Larry says the PRU staff are angels. And Carrie says
0:47:19 > 0:47:23well done to the pupils and teachers in your referral unit on the
0:47:23 > 0:47:27programme today. The teachers have shown how much hard work it is that
0:47:27 > 0:47:30how rewarding the job is as well. It shows that if the bin, consistency
0:47:30 > 0:47:36and being calm during different difficult situations and what it can
0:47:36 > 0:47:40create. I take my hats off the teachers and well done to everybody
0:47:40 > 0:47:47involved.Wow.You used to work in a mainstream school. What made baited
0:47:47 > 0:47:52you to work here?When I was in a mainstream school, a select number
0:47:52 > 0:47:56of children would be sent to my class, many moons ago, and I always
0:47:56 > 0:48:00used to wonder why. When they came to my class they behaved
0:48:00 > 0:48:06differently, better. I started to realise that maybe there was
0:48:06 > 0:48:09something within me. Maybe I had some natural skills that needed to
0:48:09 > 0:48:14be honed a little bit to be able to work with children who just need a
0:48:14 > 0:48:19little bit more. I am very passionate about children anyway. I
0:48:19 > 0:48:22loved the previous schools I worked in but I wanted to do something that
0:48:22 > 0:48:28will challenge me a little bit more. Even though it is a challenge, I
0:48:28 > 0:48:32know that at the end of the day we have made a significant difference
0:48:32 > 0:48:37to day.I want to ask you about the cost. To be educated in a mainstream
0:48:37 > 0:48:43state school costs from £4000 to £5,000 per pupil per year and there
0:48:43 > 0:48:49are 30 in a class, as we know. In a PRU there are seven or eight in the
0:48:49 > 0:48:53class and the cost varies. In Kirklees in Yorkshire they have told
0:48:53 > 0:48:59us it costs £48,000 per pupil per year. That is nine times the cost of
0:48:59 > 0:49:04a mainstream state school per pupil. Like as it is £12,000 per year and
0:49:04 > 0:49:10in Nottinghamshire it is just under £7,000. -- in Lancashire it is
0:49:10 > 0:49:14£12,000. Some people might ask why children who make poor decisions
0:49:14 > 0:49:18deserve this money being spent on them when good kids get so much
0:49:18 > 0:49:22less?I don't agree that good kids get so much less.But I have read
0:49:22 > 0:49:26you the figures, they do, it costs less.But in terms of what they are
0:49:26 > 0:49:32getting as a whole school experience, it isn't less. Those
0:49:32 > 0:49:35children who remain in mainstream primary school, who can regulate
0:49:35 > 0:49:39their emotions and manage their behaviour, they have a very rich
0:49:39 > 0:49:42curriculum in the school and they are receiving quite a lot. However
0:49:42 > 0:49:48these children are not able to. This is our future generation, our future
0:49:48 > 0:49:53children. If we don't invest in them now, and we don't help them now, the
0:49:53 > 0:49:56government will still need to spend later on to support these young
0:49:56 > 0:50:01people if we don't do it now.There is an incredible statistic from an
0:50:01 > 0:50:05exclusion experts that we have spoken to. 6500 pupils were
0:50:05 > 0:50:08permanently excluded last year. There organisation has calculated
0:50:08 > 0:50:14that they will go on to cost the state £2.1 billion in extra health
0:50:14 > 0:50:17costs, criminal justice costs, welfare and education, throughout
0:50:17 > 0:50:23their lifetime. OK, thank you. Shall we go round to class five? We are
0:50:23 > 0:50:27going to talk more about the techniques that you use for
0:50:27 > 0:50:31controlling and ultimately changing children's behaviour. I came here a
0:50:31 > 0:50:34few weeks ago and I met quite a lot of the children and we had lunch
0:50:34 > 0:50:42together. After you. It is worth saying that they were so polite. So
0:50:42 > 0:50:50polite! So articulate as well. This way?It is important because we are
0:50:50 > 0:50:55trying to teach them life skills. It is important that they are able to
0:50:55 > 0:51:04be part of society.Class five. Hello. Hello, everybody. Let me grab
0:51:04 > 0:51:12a chair. Thank you. Thank you, Barrington. Thank you so much. Where
0:51:12 > 0:51:20are you going to sit? Hello. Let me introduce lots more people. You
0:51:20 > 0:51:26already know Andrew, Jacob, Barrington, Mrs Gentles. And Jane
0:51:26 > 0:51:30Harris. She is headteacher at Edinburgh primary school. Kerry
0:51:30 > 0:51:33Scott is headteacher at Ainslie Wood, both based in nearby Waltham
0:51:33 > 0:51:44Forest. And actually I just mentioned your incredible fact that
0:51:44 > 0:51:476500 children excluded last year will cost the state over £2 billion
0:51:47 > 0:51:53over their lifetime. Incredible. I wonder if you could just talk us
0:51:53 > 0:51:58through behaviour. Please don't go through the restraining techniques
0:51:58 > 0:52:06and why you use them?Restraint is a last resort. If a child becomes a
0:52:06 > 0:52:09danger to themselves or somebody else, we have all been trained in
0:52:09 > 0:52:14positive handling to handle them in a safe way. If it is used
0:52:14 > 0:52:17appropriately, which it is here all the time, then it can be extremely
0:52:17 > 0:52:23effective. It helps children to feel emotionally and physically safe.
0:52:23 > 0:52:30Could you ever use restraint in a mainstream school?Yes, if you are
0:52:30 > 0:52:34trained but not all staff are.At my school, only a couple of members are
0:52:34 > 0:52:38trained to use restraint. I don't want people using it in the wrong
0:52:38 > 0:52:43way. If a child needs restraint, and it would be very unusual for a child
0:52:43 > 0:52:49to need to be restrained, they would call me or somebody else who has
0:52:49 > 0:52:51been restraint trained and we would go and break the decision about
0:52:51 > 0:52:58whether they need to be restrained. -- make the decision.If a primary
0:52:58 > 0:53:02school age people comes to a pupil referral unit, does that mean the
0:53:02 > 0:53:07mainstream primary school has failed them?It has and if the mainstream
0:53:07 > 0:53:14school then works in partnership with the PRU. One of the really,
0:53:14 > 0:53:16really significant things about Hawkswood is that it is to do with
0:53:16 > 0:53:23partnership with the mainstream school. There used to be an ethos
0:53:23 > 0:53:28that by going to a PRU, even in Waltham Forest a few years ago, that
0:53:28 > 0:53:32that child was being sent away and would never be seen again. But in
0:53:32 > 0:53:36Waltham Forest, where the practice is best, and in most schools it is
0:53:36 > 0:53:42best, the child goes back to the same school. There is a very strong
0:53:42 > 0:53:46communication. We come up to the PRU and visit throughout the child's
0:53:46 > 0:53:51time in school.Parents and people wonder how a mainstream primary
0:53:51 > 0:53:57school can be excluding permanently children as young as four.It is
0:53:57 > 0:54:02rare for them to be permanently excluded. The children here are not
0:54:02 > 0:54:06permanently excluded mostly. It is a process whereby they are referred by
0:54:06 > 0:54:12a fairer access panel which we are members.Temporarily excluded then,
0:54:12 > 0:54:17a four -year-old?Add a question we are always asking on the fairer
0:54:17 > 0:54:21access panel is whether the school is doing everything to support the
0:54:21 > 0:54:27child.This is the panel that refers the child or not?Yes. We can sit
0:54:27 > 0:54:31and look. There can be times when a school is thinking too rigidly and
0:54:31 > 0:54:36the child is not fitting into that. That is when it is our
0:54:36 > 0:54:40responsibility to say you are not thinking about the child here. Let's
0:54:40 > 0:54:43but other techniques in place before we would move the child onto the
0:54:43 > 0:54:50PRU.Let's talk about the effect of exclusion on a child as they grow up
0:54:50 > 0:54:55and their life chances.It is clear that here there is some brilliant
0:54:55 > 0:54:58work going on which means that students can be re-integrated back
0:54:58 > 0:55:02into mainstream and be really successful. The reason I started my
0:55:02 > 0:55:06charity is because I am concerned about the majority of people that
0:55:06 > 0:55:10don't get reintegrated. We know that increasingly more and more students
0:55:10 > 0:55:13don't return to mainstream school and their long-term outcomes are
0:55:13 > 0:55:16really poor. The children who finished their secondary school
0:55:16 > 0:55:21education in a pupil referral unit, how much likely to get the GCSE is
0:55:21 > 0:55:25that they need to access further education and one in two are
0:55:25 > 0:55:28immediately unemployed after school. That is the frightening statistic
0:55:28 > 0:55:32because everybody deserves their chance to get their dream career. We
0:55:32 > 0:55:36need to reduce the numbers are permanent exclusion and increase the
0:55:36 > 0:55:39partnership working, the effective early doors referral, when you
0:55:39 > 0:55:43recognise there is something that the school needs extra help with,
0:55:43 > 0:55:46and you ask a brilliant pupil referral unit to help you do that.
0:55:46 > 0:55:51But as we have discussed they are not all brilliant. The costs vary in
0:55:51 > 0:55:55terms of how much it costs per pupil in a pupil referral unit and the
0:55:55 > 0:56:02length of stay varies. It is an average 15 weeks in Bury and in
0:56:02 > 0:56:07Camden it is just over two years, so that doesn't make sense, doesn't it?
0:56:07 > 0:56:11Maybe the mainstream school won't take the child back. That can
0:56:11 > 0:56:16happen.It can do. In Waltham Forest we have great partnerships with the
0:56:16 > 0:56:20schools but yes, it can happen, absolutely. We all need to work
0:56:20 > 0:56:25together to work out what the best next step is for that child. Is a
0:56:25 > 0:56:29fresh start best?I think it happens when leaders don't know what the
0:56:29 > 0:56:34stakes are. It is easy to think it is just one pupil but over the whole
0:56:34 > 0:56:38country it is more and more students every year and the cost can be so
0:56:38 > 0:56:43awful personally and as you mentioned earlier £2.1 billion over
0:56:43 > 0:56:48the lifetime of the population who are excluded last year. That is a
0:56:48 > 0:56:52huge cost nationally. We need more leaders who are sensitised to the
0:56:52 > 0:56:56risks of permanent exclusion who know how to stop it from happening
0:56:56 > 0:57:00and are passionate about taking on these children.But how can we do
0:57:00 > 0:57:07that?
0:57:07 > 0:57:09that?There are pressures on headteachers and when we get caught
0:57:09 > 0:57:14up in the my school, my results, league table situation, there is
0:57:14 > 0:57:19huge pressure coming down on headteachers. That squeaky wheel can
0:57:19 > 0:57:23be a huge threat to the school. However when you have got a good
0:57:23 > 0:57:27partnership and there is an excellent PRU doing excellent work
0:57:27 > 0:57:30with the children, then we can be confident that what is coming back
0:57:30 > 0:57:35to us is a child that is ready to reintegrate into mainstream
0:57:35 > 0:57:39education and wants to. And just remember that no child wants to
0:57:39 > 0:57:44behave like this. They need the intervention to support them and
0:57:44 > 0:57:47ultimately what we want is to have them back.Shall I read you some
0:57:47 > 0:57:51comments from people watching you around the country is Mark Linda
0:57:51 > 0:57:57says hats off to the wonderful staff there.
0:57:58 > 0:58:05there. Tasman says that Barrington is amazing.Yes, he is!Brilliant
0:58:05 > 0:58:09programme on PRUs. Amazing work. We wish all the tools and all the best
0:58:09 > 0:58:17and a brilliant future. A tweet from Jane. If all the people I have met
0:58:17 > 0:58:19in prison had experienced this amazing care and patience they would
0:58:19 > 0:58:24not be in prison. More investment in fantastic teachers who need to be
0:58:24 > 0:58:29trained will stop and this one, watching Hawkswood primary pupil
0:58:29 > 0:58:37referral unit. What an inspirational place and inspirational staff. These
0:58:37 > 0:58:42people need better pay and more respect. The behaviour was
0:58:42 > 0:58:45distressing but let's support these people and offer the children hope.
0:58:45 > 0:58:48Very briefly before we get the weather forecast which is important
0:58:48 > 0:58:52because it has been snowing all morning but now it has stopped, I
0:58:52 > 0:58:58know what you want to be when you grow up. We were talking about life
0:58:58 > 0:59:04chances. You want to be a vet. What about Jacob?I don't really know
0:59:04 > 0:59:09because I have all my life ahead of me to choose.Absolutely. And what
0:59:09 > 0:59:18about you?A footballer.Who is your idol?
0:59:18 > 0:59:22idol?My favourite footballer? Paul Pogba.He isn't getting on well with
0:59:22 > 0:59:28his manager at the moment! Thank you so much. It is really good to see
0:59:28 > 0:59:32you. Much more from this PRU in the next hour of the programme. At first
0:59:32 > 0:59:34order of the weather. Good morning.
0:59:34 > 0:59:34next hour of the programme. At first order of the weather. Good morning.
0:59:34 > 0:59:38You are quite right. It has been snowing in London and other parts of
0:59:38 > 0:59:42the UK as well. This week we have disruptive snow on the cards from
0:59:42 > 0:59:49tonight. It wins, and a wind chill that you will notice, and frost and
0:59:49 > 0:59:54icy conditions. -- bitter winds. We have showers coming in across the
0:59:54 > 0:59:59east, not all of seeing them, and drifting across to the west, which
0:59:59 > 1:00:03will remain largely dry. Very cloudy with the odd sunny spell.
1:00:03 > 1:00:06Temperatures between freezing and plus three in towns and cities and
1:00:06 > 1:00:11lower than that in rural areas. Overnight we have this line of snow
1:00:11 > 1:00:15showers coming in through East Anglia and Kent and the Channel
1:00:15 > 1:00:18Islands, and significant snow in eastern Scotland and North East
1:00:18 > 1:00:21England, and it will be called tonight with a widespread frost and
1:00:21 > 1:00:27a risk of ice an untreated circuses. -- cold tonight. Through the early
1:00:27 > 1:00:32hours of Tuesday and into tomorrow there is an amber weather warning
1:00:32 > 1:00:36for snow. This is where those areas are, the North East and the
1:00:36 > 1:00:40south-east.
1:00:40 > 1:00:42Hello, it's Monday, it's ten o'clock, I'm Victoria Derbyshire.
1:00:42 > 1:00:44Good morning, in a TV first, we're broadcasting live
1:00:44 > 1:00:46from a pupil referral unit in London.
1:00:46 > 1:00:47It's where primary school children come
1:00:47 > 1:00:52when they've been kicked out their mainstream school.
1:00:52 > 1:00:54We've discovered there's been a big rise
1:00:54 > 1:00:56in the numbers of young children being educated in PRUs,
1:00:56 > 1:01:04up 34% in England in the past four years.
1:01:06 > 1:01:10When I used to be in my mainstream school, I used to keep coming out
1:01:10 > 1:01:15and getting excluded and stuff, but now I am in this special school, it
1:01:15 > 1:01:19gives you extra help, it has helped me more to understand how it is
1:01:19 > 1:01:24better to go back into a mainstream type of school.
1:01:24 > 1:01:26The children who come here are as young as four
1:01:26 > 1:01:29and often have emotional problems and a history of violent
1:01:29 > 1:01:37and aggressive behaviour towards teachers and other pupils.
1:01:38 > 1:01:42Children are children, and they are so young, so mouldable still, we
1:01:42 > 1:01:47have got to give them a chance, this is our future generation, so we
1:01:47 > 1:01:50cannot write them off at primary school-age.
1:01:50 > 1:01:53The aim of these schools, of course, is to turn that
1:01:53 > 1:01:55challenging behaviour around, so that kids can go back
1:01:55 > 1:01:56to their mainstream schools
1:01:56 > 1:02:01and hopefully go on to have a happy and successful education.
1:02:01 > 1:02:08When I first started here, I was having trouble behaving, and I was
1:02:08 > 1:02:14making loads of wrong choices.That is what you used to be like?Yeah,
1:02:14 > 1:02:19but now if there is somebody, like, and oil in me or something, I will
1:02:19 > 1:02:26just ignore them. -- annoying me. And I would just stay away from them
1:02:26 > 1:02:29if I knew they were going to create trouble or something.
1:02:29 > 1:02:32We've heard lots from the teachers and pupils here, but there's another
1:02:32 > 1:02:34group of people whose feelings are often overlooked
1:02:34 > 1:02:36in all this - the parents.
1:02:36 > 1:02:39No parent ever thinks their child is going to be the one that's
1:02:39 > 1:02:46excluded from mainstream school.
1:02:46 > 1:02:50He has made life difficult, not just for me, but for himself, for whole
1:02:50 > 1:02:59family. But try and do everything you can, but you often find nothing
1:02:59 > 1:03:01is enough.
1:03:01 > 1:03:04We'll hear the experiences of a group of parents
1:03:04 > 1:03:04with children here at Hawkswood.
1:03:04 > 1:03:07And as you'd expect, we'd welcome your experiences -
1:03:07 > 1:03:09does your child go to a pupil referral unit?
1:03:09 > 1:03:17Did you go to one? Get in touch in the usual ways.
1:03:25 > 1:03:29Just let me read a couple of comments from you, this is from Ian,
1:03:29 > 1:03:33what a lovely school for these Japan, caring staff much needed to
1:03:33 > 1:03:37give children a good start, so heart-warming. -- for these
1:03:37 > 1:03:43children. And says, what an amazing head teacher, her compassionate
1:03:43 > 1:03:48stance is amazing, incredibly article at and sincere in her words.
1:03:48 > 1:03:58And this one, students and staff at Hawkswood PRU are on my hero list,
1:03:58 > 1:04:02finding a way to engage is key, no child is bad at heart, if they are
1:04:02 > 1:04:06failing, it is because we are failing. Much more of that to come,
1:04:06 > 1:04:10let's bring you the news with Joanna .
1:04:10 > 1:04:12Jeremy Corbyn will set out Labour's position
1:04:12 > 1:04:15on Brexit this morning, after months of demands
1:04:15 > 1:04:16that the party clarify its plans.
1:04:16 > 1:04:19In a speech later, he'll say the UK should negotiate
1:04:19 > 1:04:21a bespoke agreement with the EU on a customs union,
1:04:21 > 1:04:23and a strong new relationship with the single market.
1:04:23 > 1:04:26The Conservatives say his proposals would breach promises made
1:04:26 > 1:04:27at the last general election.
1:04:27 > 1:04:29You can watch Mr Corbyn's speech on this programme.
1:04:29 > 1:04:31It's expected in about half an hour.
1:04:31 > 1:04:34Four people have been killed in an explosion in Leicester,
1:04:34 > 1:04:37which destroyed a building in the middle of a parade of shops.
1:04:37 > 1:04:40Another four people remain in hospital, one with serious injuries.
1:04:40 > 1:04:42Emergency teams are still searching through the wreckage
1:04:42 > 1:04:44in the Hinckley Road area of the city.
1:04:44 > 1:04:48Andy Moore reports.
1:04:48 > 1:04:53The immediate aftermath of an explosion
1:04:53 > 1:04:55that destroyed a shop and a two-storey shop above it.
1:04:55 > 1:04:58Police say there were four confirmed fatalities and four
1:04:58 > 1:05:01people remain in hospital, one with serious injuries.
1:05:01 > 1:05:03The search and rescue operation continued overnight
1:05:03 > 1:05:08for any more victims.
1:05:08 > 1:05:10Police say there may be other people unaccounted for.
1:05:10 > 1:05:12We still think this is a rescue operation, we're using shoring
1:05:12 > 1:05:20techniques to try to rescue anyone who may be alive in the building.
1:05:23 > 1:05:26Local people spoke about the force of the explosion and the fierceness
1:05:26 > 1:05:30of the fire that followed.
1:05:30 > 1:05:32We heard a low explosion, and it felt like a tremendous
1:05:32 > 1:05:35shock through the house, like it was going to
1:05:35 > 1:05:36bring the ceiling down.
1:05:36 > 1:05:40I rang the police, 999, and they said, "What services?"
1:05:40 > 1:05:43I said, "Everything you can send."
1:05:43 > 1:05:45Police say they don't know what caused the blast -
1:05:45 > 1:05:48a joint investigation with the Fire Service will get
1:05:48 > 1:05:56under way once the site has been made safe.
1:05:57 > 1:06:00There's been a big rise in the number of primary school
1:06:00 > 1:06:03to a freedom of information request by this programme.
1:06:03 > 1:06:05Children are referred to the units when they've been excluded,
1:06:05 > 1:06:11or are close to being excluded, from their mainstream school.
1:06:11 > 1:06:13Over the last four years, the number of children in England
1:06:13 > 1:06:16being schooled in the units has increased by a third.
1:06:16 > 1:06:18The headteacher of one unit said the figures underlined the pressure
1:06:18 > 1:06:25primary schools are under.
1:06:25 > 1:06:29The primary schools we work with, the majority of them are doing an
1:06:29 > 1:06:33amazing job, but if they have a pupil or pupils who they have tried
1:06:33 > 1:06:39many techniques with, but they are not able to manage their behaviour,
1:06:39 > 1:06:42that is when they call upon ourselves, and that is when we step
1:06:42 > 1:06:45in and we support them with this intervention.
1:06:45 > 1:06:46New legislation to cap poor-value energy tariffs
1:06:46 > 1:06:48and save consumers money is being introduced
1:06:48 > 1:06:49to Parliament later.
1:06:49 > 1:06:52The Government says it will protect 11 million people from higher bills.
1:06:52 > 1:06:55The industry has warned the cap could stifle competition.
1:06:55 > 1:06:58Parts of the UK will feel colder than the Arctic Circle
1:06:58 > 1:07:01this week with widespread snow and bitterly cold winds.
1:07:01 > 1:07:02Rail companies in East Anglia say their services
1:07:02 > 1:07:05will end early tonight.
1:07:05 > 1:07:07C2C and Greater Anglia have also cancelled services
1:07:07 > 1:07:08on Tuesday and Wednesday.
1:07:08 > 1:07:15They urge customers to check before travelling.
1:07:15 > 1:07:20That's a summary of the latest BBC News.
1:07:21 > 1:07:22Hello again.
1:07:22 > 1:07:25Manchester City have won their first trophy under manager Pep Guardiola
1:07:25 > 1:07:27with a comfortable 3-0 win over Arsenal.
1:07:27 > 1:07:30City captain Vincent Kompany was on the scoresheet
1:07:30 > 1:07:34as the Premier League's runaway leaders secured the first domestic
1:07:34 > 1:07:38title of the season.
1:07:38 > 1:07:40Afterwards, Guardiola thanked the club for its support
1:07:40 > 1:07:41during his trophy-less first season.
1:07:41 > 1:07:43A good win too for the red half of Manchester.
1:07:43 > 1:07:46United came from behind to beat Chelsea 2-1 at Old Trafford
1:07:46 > 1:07:47in the Premier League.
1:07:47 > 1:07:49After Willian's opener, United striker Romelu Lukaku
1:07:49 > 1:07:53levelled things before crossing in for substitute Jesse Lingard
1:07:53 > 1:07:59to nod in the winner,
1:07:59 > 1:08:01which takes United back into second place
1:08:01 > 1:08:02in the table.
1:08:02 > 1:08:05Chelsea, though, slip out of the Champions League spots.
1:08:05 > 1:08:07Six Nations Rugby say they'll investigate an alleged melee before
1:08:07 > 1:08:10Scotland's Calcutta Cup victory over England on Saturday.
1:08:10 > 1:08:13As the teams returned to the dressing rooms after warming up,
1:08:13 > 1:08:15England back Owen Farrell and Scotland forward
1:08:15 > 1:08:17Ryan Wilson appeared to clash.
1:08:17 > 1:08:21The Six Nations said it would be writing to the unions
1:08:21 > 1:08:29to request clarification on what happened in the tunnel.
1:08:30 > 1:08:33Finally, British boxer Scott Westgarth has died in hospital at
1:08:33 > 1:08:40the age of 31. He fell ill after his light heavyweight win in Doncaster
1:08:40 > 1:08:45on Saturday. More on that story on the BBC Sport website. That is all
1:08:45 > 1:08:49the sport for now, back to you in London, Victoria. We will be
1:08:49 > 1:08:52bringing you the Jeremy Corbyn speech live, do not worry about
1:08:52 > 1:08:55that.
1:08:55 > 1:08:57Welcome back to Hawkswood PRU.
1:08:57 > 1:09:01It's a pupil referral unit for children as young as four.
1:09:01 > 1:09:04Thank you for your many messages, a lot of you are finding the staff and
1:09:04 > 1:09:08the techniques they used to turn a child's life around inspiring.
1:09:08 > 1:09:11Kids are sent here because they've been violent or disruptive
1:09:11 > 1:09:16and their mainstream school can't cope with them.
1:09:16 > 1:09:19This is obviously the kitchen area, Theresa is making lunch, morning!
1:09:19 > 1:09:26The smell in here is freshly baked bread, there is bred in the oven of
1:09:26 > 1:09:30there, and we are having vegetarian chilli with nachos, cheese plant,
1:09:30 > 1:09:37jacket potato, pictures and custard or fresh fruit. This PRU is rated as
1:09:37 > 1:09:45of -- outstanding, but they are not all like this, we have seen parts of
1:09:45 > 1:09:50the system at breaking point, and we have seen worrying inconsistencies,
1:09:50 > 1:09:53which means that what happens to excluded pupils of all ages depends
1:09:53 > 1:10:00heavily on where they live is. -- where they live.
1:10:00 > 1:10:02(VT NEXT) School exclusions are rising significantly but why?
1:10:02 > 1:10:05It's like a maths problem, where the numbers don't add up.
1:10:05 > 1:10:09It is really, really shocking that we are seeing so many
1:10:09 > 1:10:10students being excluded.
1:10:10 > 1:10:11And it's about geography, too.
1:10:11 > 1:10:15Whether it be funding or how good the provision is that is available
1:10:15 > 1:10:16to them in their area.
1:10:16 > 1:10:19It is all down to a postcode lottery, eventually.
1:10:19 > 1:10:21We've spoken to teaching professionals who say schools cook
1:10:21 > 1:10:27the books to remove problem pupils.
1:10:27 > 1:10:29They just referred them to the pupil referral unit,
1:10:29 > 1:10:32so that the exclusions didn't show up on the books.
1:10:32 > 1:10:34And we've heard about excluded children going months
1:10:34 > 1:10:35without any schooling.
1:10:35 > 1:10:40You need full-time education, a full curriculum.
1:10:40 > 1:10:48This boy is 14.
1:10:52 > 1:10:56We're calling him Jay, but it's not his real name.
1:10:56 > 1:10:59He was permanently excluded for serious misconduct months ago,
1:10:59 > 1:11:02and his family says the council still hasn't found him
1:11:02 > 1:11:07an appropriate school.
1:11:07 > 1:11:08Well, all they turned round and said
1:11:08 > 1:11:12is they've got nowhere for the likes of him to go.
1:11:12 > 1:11:16Nowhere they can offer him a place? Nowhere. Nowhere.
1:11:16 > 1:11:21But they said they might, they could offer him one-to-one
1:11:21 > 1:11:24in a library or recreation centre.
1:11:24 > 1:11:28How long for? For an hour.
1:11:28 > 1:11:30An hour? One hour a week.
1:11:30 > 1:11:32I just turned around and said no way.
1:11:32 > 1:11:36He needs full-time education, a full curriculum.
1:11:36 > 1:11:38There are specific reasons
1:11:38 > 1:11:42why the council says it has struggled to find Jay a school.
1:11:42 > 1:11:44We are not identifying him.
1:11:44 > 1:11:46What has it been like?
1:11:46 > 1:11:48But he says he's bored out of his mind.
1:11:48 > 1:11:51All he wants is school.
1:11:51 > 1:11:53He has learning needs.
1:11:53 > 1:11:55What kind of needs does he have?
1:11:55 > 1:12:00He's got ADHD, dyspraxia, Tourette's, anxiety disorder.
1:12:00 > 1:12:06After six days, when a child has been out of education,
1:12:06 > 1:12:10they should have somewhere for them to go - and that's by law.
1:12:10 > 1:12:18And now it's been two months.
1:12:19 > 1:12:23More than 6500 pupils like Jay were permanently excluded in England
1:12:23 > 1:12:26last year, but far more than that, 48,000, are being educated
1:12:26 > 1:12:29in schools for excluded children.
1:12:29 > 1:12:33That's about one in every 200 pupils.
1:12:33 > 1:12:37The number's on the rise, and it's a costly problem.
1:12:37 > 1:12:39Kieran Gill has studied the exclusion statistics.
1:12:39 > 1:12:43She set up a charity to try to deal with the issue.
1:12:43 > 1:12:49We calculated that for every year's worth of excluded pupils,
1:12:49 > 1:12:52so last year, 6,500 permanently excluded students,
1:12:52 > 1:12:56they will go on to cost the state 2.1 billion in extra
1:12:56 > 1:12:58health costs, criminal justice, welfare and education costs
1:12:58 > 1:13:01through their lifetime.
1:13:01 > 1:13:03What about figures for younger pupils?
1:13:03 > 1:13:06We wanted to find out about primary school exclusions,
1:13:06 > 1:13:10so we made a Freedom of Information request.
1:13:10 > 1:13:16Out of 150 councils, 130 responded.
1:13:16 > 1:13:19They said this many 4-11-year-olds were educated in schools
1:13:19 > 1:13:21for excluded children in the last recorded year.
1:13:21 > 1:13:27That's a rise of 34% in just four years.
1:13:27 > 1:13:29We did some more maths.
1:13:29 > 1:13:32In those council areas, the number of children under five
1:13:32 > 1:13:34being temporarily excluded rose by 29% in just one year.
1:13:34 > 1:13:39So why?
1:13:39 > 1:13:42Some of the children are more complex, that we are seeing now,
1:13:42 > 1:13:46that we probably didn't have before, so they aren't necessarily a quick
1:13:46 > 1:13:48turn around and back into schools.
1:13:48 > 1:13:50They are highly complex children who need some specialist
1:13:50 > 1:13:54provision and probably need long-term specialist provision.
1:13:54 > 1:13:57But what happens to those children who are excluded?
1:13:57 > 1:14:05That is a geography lesson.
1:14:06 > 1:14:08Jay lives in Gateshead in the North East.
1:14:08 > 1:14:11Exclusion rates here are double the national average.
1:14:11 > 1:14:14It's a big problem.
1:14:14 > 1:14:17There is a pupil referral unit here, and the council says
1:14:17 > 1:14:19they mentioned it to Jay's family as a possible solution.
1:14:19 > 1:14:22The children who have been excluded in Gateshead,
1:14:22 > 1:14:24there is a pupil referral unit.
1:14:24 > 1:14:26Would you want him to go there? Nope.
1:14:26 > 1:14:28Why not?
1:14:28 > 1:14:32Because it hasn't got a good reputation, so I don't really
1:14:32 > 1:14:35want to send him to a place that is going to put him back
1:14:35 > 1:14:39instead of going forward.
1:14:39 > 1:14:41And she might have a point.
1:14:41 > 1:14:43This is the pupil referral unit,
1:14:43 > 1:14:49and the last time Ofsted came here, they rated it inadequate.
1:14:49 > 1:14:52In some local authorities in the country, if you are excluded,
1:14:52 > 1:14:55you have no option but to go to an inadequate provision.
1:14:55 > 1:14:59What inadequate means is essentially that it's not a safe
1:14:59 > 1:15:05learning environment and one where students can thrive.
1:15:05 > 1:15:08In the North East, where Jay lives, excluded students are eight times
1:15:08 > 1:15:10more likely to be sent to an inadequate pupil referral unit
1:15:10 > 1:15:12than the England average.
1:15:12 > 1:15:14Because it was rated inadequate,
1:15:14 > 1:15:18the unit in Gateshead had to become an academy.
1:15:18 > 1:15:20The council said it worked very hard to improve it
1:15:20 > 1:15:22before it was taken over.
1:15:22 > 1:15:25Gateshead Council also said they are doing everything they can
1:15:25 > 1:15:28to resolve Jay's situation but that his family has so far
1:15:28 > 1:15:35refused all the offers put to them.
1:15:35 > 1:15:38The Gateshead unit ended up rated inadequate because it had to cope
1:15:38 > 1:15:46with far more people than it was set up for.
1:15:46 > 1:15:48It seems that is a pretty common situation.
1:15:48 > 1:15:51We met with someone who, until recently, was running a pupil
1:15:51 > 1:15:52referral unit in a city in England.
1:15:52 > 1:15:57They did not want to be on camera so an actor is speaking their words.
1:15:57 > 1:16:02The schools didn't exclude, they just referred them to the pupil
1:16:02 > 1:16:05referral unit so that the exclusion didn't show up on the books.
1:16:05 > 1:16:09Effectively, mainstream schools in the city were palming off
1:16:09 > 1:16:11the students they didn't want to the pupil referral unit.
1:16:11 > 1:16:13What went through your mind when things got tough?
1:16:13 > 1:16:18What were you worried about?
1:16:18 > 1:16:21Just that there was too many kids and that we would
1:16:21 > 1:16:25suffer as a result of it.
1:16:25 > 1:16:30So many pupils were sent to the unit that they were four times
1:16:30 > 1:16:35over capacity, hundreds and hundreds of children.
1:16:35 > 1:16:38Yeah, yeah, they were coming out of mainstream at a rate of,
1:16:38 > 1:16:40I think it was just over one per day.
1:16:40 > 1:16:43So if you spread that out over a school year,
1:16:43 > 1:16:44that would be 100, 200 per year.
1:16:44 > 1:16:46Coming out as in going into your school?
1:16:46 > 1:16:48Yeah, yeah.
1:16:48 > 1:16:51Coming out of school, to us, about 200 per year and none of those
1:16:51 > 1:16:57kids would go back in.
1:16:57 > 1:17:00So you'd have a residue of kids each year and each year
1:17:00 > 1:17:05those numbers would get bigger and bigger and bigger.
1:17:05 > 1:17:07The Wellspring Academy Trust runs pupil referral units
1:17:07 > 1:17:10in five council areas, including here in Barnsley.
1:17:10 > 1:17:12The head here is really worried about reports
1:17:12 > 1:17:16of overcrowding across England.
1:17:16 > 1:17:20Strategically, how do you plan a school if you're supposed to be
1:17:20 > 1:17:24planning for 100 and then you end up having 200, 300, 400?
1:17:24 > 1:17:27So there's obviously real concerns about that and I think that's just
1:17:27 > 1:17:28a real pressure in the system.
1:17:28 > 1:17:30You know, there are children coming out of mainstream education
1:17:30 > 1:17:33into alternative provision and it is putting a massive
1:17:33 > 1:17:34pressure on the system.
1:17:34 > 1:17:37This is a pattern that we've seen, year-on-year, more and more
1:17:37 > 1:17:43children being excluded.
1:17:43 > 1:17:46And actually, the sector hasn't been given the attention it needs to cope
1:17:46 > 1:17:49with this huge influx of students.
1:17:49 > 1:17:52I guess the question is how does that increase impact
1:17:52 > 1:17:55on the pupil referral units that some of the kids will end up in?
1:17:55 > 1:18:00Well, some have buckled under the sheer weight of numbers.
1:18:00 > 1:18:05The former head we met had so many children
1:18:05 > 1:18:08he had no choice but to send them across the city for tuition
1:18:08 > 1:18:10at more than ten different education companies.
1:18:10 > 1:18:12Pupils even had lessons in libraries.
1:18:12 > 1:18:14His unit was rated inadequate by Ofsted.
1:18:14 > 1:18:17They just couldn't keep the children safe.
1:18:17 > 1:18:21Well, I agreed safeguarding was an issue.
1:18:21 > 1:18:28Seeing these kids every day going into the local
1:18:28 > 1:18:30libraries or wherever, and then turning up
1:18:30 > 1:18:34at their placements like they did, well, that was a safeguarding
1:18:34 > 1:18:42plus point but it wasn't adequate.
1:18:42 > 1:18:44But ultimately, because you didn't have the space,
1:18:44 > 1:18:45you were sending them
1:18:45 > 1:18:46to libraries across the city?
1:18:46 > 1:18:47Yeah.
1:18:47 > 1:18:50The rising number of exclusions is an issue.
1:18:50 > 1:18:52To many, an even bigger one is money.
1:18:52 > 1:18:55Explain to me how the funding for a place in a pupil
1:18:55 > 1:18:56referral unit works.
1:18:56 > 1:18:59What we do is we work to a model where you get
1:18:59 > 1:19:00the first £10,000 paid.
1:19:00 > 1:19:01From the government?
1:19:01 > 1:19:03From the government, yeah.
1:19:03 > 1:19:11So in the case of this particular pupil referral unit,
1:19:13 > 1:19:17we would get £10,000 for every child that we planned to have in the unit,
1:19:17 > 1:19:19and then whoever commissioned the places, in this case,
1:19:19 > 1:19:22the council, they pay what we call a top up.
1:19:22 > 1:19:25But the size of that top up again comes down to where you live.
1:19:25 > 1:19:26The variations are huge.
1:19:26 > 1:19:29Kirklees Council in Yorkshire says a primary pupil referral unit place
1:19:29 > 1:19:31costs £4000 per month.
1:19:31 > 1:19:37In Lancashire, it is just £1000 per month.
1:19:37 > 1:19:40Next door in Blackpool, it is way lower still.
1:19:40 > 1:19:42And the cost of a referral unit in Nottinghamshire
1:19:42 > 1:19:44is just £565 per month.
1:19:44 > 1:19:46In other words, children in some council areas get tens
1:19:46 > 1:19:49of thousands of pounds more towards their education every
1:19:49 > 1:19:51year than in others.
1:19:51 > 1:19:58So how is that going to affect your life chances?
1:19:58 > 1:19:59Well, you can imagine that that is huge because everything
1:19:59 > 1:20:07revolves around the money you can put into the provision,
1:20:08 > 1:20:09so from staffing, resourcing, buildings, premises,
1:20:09 > 1:20:12it is highly significant.
1:20:12 > 1:20:15So as an executive head yourself, working in different local
1:20:15 > 1:20:16authorities, how does it work for you?
1:20:16 > 1:20:18Do you have different challenges in different areas?
1:20:18 > 1:20:19Absolutely, yeah.
1:20:19 > 1:20:22The Wellspring Trust works in five local authorities and the funding
1:20:22 > 1:20:23is different in all five.
1:20:23 > 1:20:25So how do you maintain consistency across the board?
1:20:25 > 1:20:26That is the challenge.
1:20:26 > 1:20:30What you have to do is you have to do different staffing structures.
1:20:30 > 1:20:33You have to do different models of pastoral support and care.
1:20:33 > 1:20:35So it is all down to a postcode lottery, essentially.
1:20:35 > 1:20:37So a problem of numbers.
1:20:37 > 1:20:39Too many excluded children for the system to cope with.
1:20:39 > 1:20:42Too few good quality pupil referral units.
1:20:42 > 1:20:50This is a real injustice because we are talking
1:20:50 > 1:20:51about the most vulnerable children who often...
1:20:51 > 1:20:53Well, they are four times
1:20:53 > 1:20:56more likely to grow up in poverty, they are ten times more likely
1:20:56 > 1:20:58to have a mental health need.
1:20:58 > 1:21:01They are seven times more likely to have a learning need.
1:21:01 > 1:21:02And a question of geography.
1:21:02 > 1:21:04Being schooled in some areas means your life chances are far
1:21:04 > 1:21:06worse than in others.
1:21:06 > 1:21:10He's not allowed outside while he is excluded.
1:21:10 > 1:21:14So in school hours, he's in the house all day, every day.
1:21:14 > 1:21:17Are you worried about the future for these kind of children?
1:21:17 > 1:21:25Yeah, yeah, very worried, and particularly when you talk
1:21:25 > 1:21:28about the discrepancies in funding and actually it's just not fair.
1:21:28 > 1:21:31It needs to be fair and equal, right across the country,
1:21:31 > 1:21:37to give at least the provision a chance of getting it right.
1:21:37 > 1:21:40Because if your funding is not right, and it's different,
1:21:40 > 1:21:42and it's not enough, then you haven't even got a chance
1:21:42 > 1:21:50of getting it right.
1:21:50 > 1:21:54Let me read you this text message from Vanessa. My son was sent to
1:21:54 > 1:21:58Hawkswood last year after being permanently excluded in reception,
1:21:58 > 1:22:02aged four. They do a brilliant job and with their help my son is back
1:22:02 > 1:22:06in the mainstream school and doing well. They do amazing work at
1:22:06 > 1:22:09Hawkswood, which is where we are spending the morning. All through
1:22:09 > 1:22:13this week we are focusing on what they do here. The headteacher of
1:22:13 > 1:22:21Hawkswood is back with us and Tom Bennett is the government's
1:22:22 > 1:22:31behaviours tsar. Why are so many more children being taught in PRUs?
1:22:31 > 1:22:35I need to do more research but my gut feeling is that it comes down to
1:22:35 > 1:22:40money and the wraparound care tends to go. One of the biggest reasons
1:22:40 > 1:22:42for children going to PRUs is because teachers and school leaders
1:22:42 > 1:22:48tended not to get efficient formal training in de-escalation techniques
1:22:48 > 1:22:53and dealing with children's behaviour before it gets to that
1:22:53 > 1:22:59point.As she said, you get one week on behaviour in formal teacher
1:22:59 > 1:23:03training.I got 45 minutes.After how long in training?You're
1:23:03 > 1:23:10supposed to pick it up on the job. Formal training was 45 minutes,
1:23:10 > 1:23:14which was inadequate and I am trying to change that. We need to reduce
1:23:14 > 1:23:17the incidents so that we don't get to that point rather than just
1:23:17 > 1:23:20reacting to misbehaviour but we also need to create an atmosphere where
1:23:20 > 1:23:24children can flourish and be nourished. Coming here isn't a
1:23:24 > 1:23:27negative thing. It is where children can unlock the services they need to
1:23:27 > 1:23:33help them. This is intensive care, emphasis on intensive and an care,
1:23:33 > 1:23:38but most schools don't have those provisions.You talked about one of
1:23:38 > 1:23:45the reasons being budgetary constraints, as you put it
1:23:45 > 1:23:52diplomatically. You are the government's behaviour tsar.I am
1:23:52 > 1:23:57independent, not paid by them.One of the things that is going
1:23:57 > 1:24:02classroom assistants. People who help the teachers in a class of 30,
1:24:02 > 1:24:07really hard job anyway. That could be relevant.It could be relevant
1:24:07 > 1:24:11and the devil is in the detail. Some classroom assistants are worth their
1:24:11 > 1:24:13weight in gold and if they are properly trained and they can deal
1:24:13 > 1:24:17with interpersonal issues with the children involved and work with a
1:24:17 > 1:24:22teacher, that can be fantastic. But it is a varied picture.How worried
1:24:22 > 1:24:25are you about the totally inconsistent provision of PRUs and
1:24:25 > 1:24:29the standards they set across England?To be fair, we can judge
1:24:29 > 1:24:33PRUs in the same way that we judge schools in general. Some are
1:24:33 > 1:24:36outstanding and some are not and that is a very loaded term. There
1:24:36 > 1:24:40are many areas of the UK where the needs and the challenges are greater
1:24:40 > 1:24:45with things like poverty and so on. Obviously we see schools in those
1:24:45 > 1:24:48circumstances doing their best, and most schools do, but really
1:24:48 > 1:24:52struggling with the level of challenge that the demographics are
1:24:52 > 1:24:56providing for them. These are the areas where we should be targeting
1:24:56 > 1:25:00resources and funding.And finally, teacher training, when it comes to
1:25:00 > 1:25:05behaviour, instead of one week out of four years, how much should it be
1:25:05 > 1:25:09in a teacher training course?If you do a one year PGCE, which is very
1:25:09 > 1:25:21common, it should be threaded throughout the
1:25:21 > 1:25:23throughout the year and revisited, not just something you get in a 45
1:25:23 > 1:25:26minute session and it should be done mostly in schools as well because
1:25:26 > 1:25:28teacher training and behaviour management is a practical craft.
1:25:28 > 1:25:30Thank you. John Bennett, the government's behaviour tsar, but he
1:25:30 > 1:25:35is independent. -- Tom Bennett. Now we are going back to classroom five.
1:25:35 > 1:25:39Can I read some more messages from our audience watching across the
1:25:39 > 1:25:45country? Angela has emailed and that this headteacher and her staff are
1:25:45 > 1:25:48inspirational. Their approach is just amazing. All MPs and policy
1:25:48 > 1:25:53makers should watch this programme. Naomi Tweed that this school is
1:25:53 > 1:25:57phenomenal and mainstream schools and parents don't take time to
1:25:57 > 1:26:01understand children and their needs. An email from Harry. Absolutely
1:26:01 > 1:26:05open-minded attitudes shown by the staff on the programme today. Such
1:26:05 > 1:26:09passion from teachers. I recall similar wrong choices from children
1:26:09 > 1:26:15in primary and we all thought the children were just naughty or some
1:26:15 > 1:26:20beyond that. It goes to show what can be achieved. This programme has
1:26:20 > 1:26:26opened my mind. How do you react to that?Very overwhelming. Thank you.
1:26:26 > 1:26:35That is true. We will go in and introduce you to some parents.
1:26:40 > 1:26:44We have heard a lot from teachers and headteachers and pupils and now
1:26:44 > 1:26:50it is time to hear from parents.
1:26:51 > 1:26:51Anne-Marie Barbaris, mum of nine-year-old Kyra,
1:26:51 > 1:26:53Kerri Wooden, mum of seven-year-old Logan,
1:26:53 > 1:26:54Shelley Porter, mum of eight-year-old Cruise,
1:26:54 > 1:27:00Joe James-Moore, dad of ten-year-old Harry.
1:27:00 > 1:27:04He came to Watford last year that he is now back in mainstream education.
1:27:04 > 1:27:16-- to Hawkswood. How do you feel with your son being taught in a
1:27:16 > 1:27:21pupil referral unit?I was quite quiet about it at first. Not that
1:27:21 > 1:27:31anyone necessarily says anything to me that you can feel the pressure.
1:27:31 > 1:27:36And Cruz is the odd one out, the troublemaker. I didn't talk to other
1:27:36 > 1:27:39parents about it but I felt the stigma attached to him.What about
1:27:39 > 1:27:48you? There is a stigma for your child?Definitely. You do feel
1:27:48 > 1:27:58singled out, your child feels singled out. Because it has been
1:27:59 > 1:28:03dealt with, parents look at you in a certain way.As though you are a bad
1:28:03 > 1:28:09parent?Yes. They might come to you and say your child has done this or
1:28:09 > 1:28:18that. I get that a lot. I did at the mainstream school. It is really
1:28:18 > 1:28:28heartbreaking. Trying to explain to them as well. There are other things
1:28:28 > 1:28:37prior to that.
1:28:37 > 1:28:39prior to that. Education was more needed and that is why the behaviour
1:28:39 > 1:28:44side of things was out there. It is really hard to try and say that.Did
1:28:44 > 1:28:52you feel a stigma for Logan? Definitely. I was lucky with the
1:28:52 > 1:28:59parents that school. Everybody knew Logan.What was he doing in class?
1:28:59 > 1:29:05He would throw chairs, kick, lie down on the floor kicking and
1:29:05 > 1:29:10screaming. He had to be taken out of class because of it. He would be
1:29:10 > 1:29:17very aggressive.Why do you think that was?Lack of structure. Lack of
1:29:17 > 1:29:21understanding for him as well. When he was in nursery they said that
1:29:21 > 1:29:24Logan was having behavioural problems and is there anything we
1:29:24 > 1:29:29can do? I said this is what we do at home and then fermented what I said,
1:29:29 > 1:29:37they listened. But -- they implemented what I said. But when we
1:29:37 > 1:29:41went to school, they didn't listen, they said they had other children to
1:29:41 > 1:29:47look after.Tell us about Cruz and his behaviour at mainstream school.
1:29:47 > 1:29:50You have other children and presumably brought them up the same
1:29:50 > 1:29:55way.I feel that Cruz is wired differently and they can conform and
1:29:55 > 1:30:02he can't. A class of 30 kids sends him... He struggles. He struggles
1:30:02 > 1:30:05with sitting down on his own and I understand the pressure on the
1:30:05 > 1:30:09teacher and I feel for them but they are not trained as the staff here
1:30:09 > 1:30:14are to know what to do. They did not know what to do with him. They would
1:30:14 > 1:30:19ignore him and say they had given up so he felt like nobody. When his
1:30:19 > 1:30:25self-esteem was low, how do you get a kid back?
1:30:25 > 1:30:30least five how often have you thought, as parents, this must be
1:30:30 > 1:30:36down to me?If he was my only kid, I would have felt 100% responsible and
1:30:36 > 1:30:41be questioning what the hell I have done wrong. Because I have
1:30:41 > 1:30:46fortunately got the comparison with an older girl in university, they
1:30:46 > 1:30:53are doing great, at the same school as Cruz, fortunately I didn't feel I
1:30:53 > 1:30:58have necessarily done anything wrong, but people may well judge me
1:30:58 > 1:31:02for that, I don't know. You still feel responsible for your child.
1:31:02 > 1:31:07Being a single parent as well, I felt very low. My confidence and
1:31:07 > 1:31:16that went really low as well, so I really judge myself, you know.You
1:31:16 > 1:31:20judge yourself?Of course, you do, it is just so stressful as well, and
1:31:20 > 1:31:25then you have got all that worries and then try and be normal the next
1:31:25 > 1:31:31day for your child.Start afresh, yeah. What is it like when you get
1:31:31 > 1:31:34continual phone calls from your child's school saying you will have
1:31:34 > 1:31:38to come and pick them up? You have been at work on many occasions when
1:31:38 > 1:31:46you have had to come.Yeah, I have given myself a year out to be able
1:31:46 > 1:31:54to... Still in mainstream school for a year, it wasn't doing very well,
1:31:54 > 1:32:01the dread, the phone call, even now when the phone goes I say, what has
1:32:01 > 1:32:09he done? And it is stressful, it is very...Joe, Harry is your youngest
1:32:09 > 1:32:14of four sons, do you think you have brought up your sons all the same
1:32:14 > 1:32:19way?I believe that we haven't made any changes because of Harry being
1:32:19 > 1:32:25the youngest, we have tried numerous things, we have gone through all the
1:32:25 > 1:32:40processes. We believe that nothing we could do, and we thought...What
1:32:40 > 1:32:47sort of things was he doing? Anything would kick him off, he
1:32:47 > 1:32:53would start arguing, being aggressive, he was just nasty - for
1:32:53 > 1:33:00no real reason. We thought that it may be was us, maybe was doing
1:33:00 > 1:33:05something wrong. We took him to specialists, and we had him tested.
1:33:05 > 1:33:12They couldn't find anything wrong. When the referral come here, my wife
1:33:12 > 1:33:19was argument we were not going to bring him here.Because of the
1:33:19 > 1:33:23stigma?Yes, the feeling, the dread that this would be his life, that
1:33:23 > 1:33:28this would be where he would be long.Because you have the view, and
1:33:28 > 1:33:33maybe this is true of all of you, but I don't want to put words in
1:33:33 > 1:33:38your mouth, if your child ends up in a PRU, that is it for their future,
1:33:38 > 1:33:43their life chances.Exactly.Not necessarily yours?I was in a
1:33:43 > 1:33:49fortunate position because Cruz was still at mainstream for a few days,
1:33:49 > 1:33:53but the funding for that programme has ended, and now he's back in
1:33:53 > 1:33:58mainstream, and I am seeing the signs of of going back to his old
1:33:58 > 1:34:01ways. The mainstream school are trying, but they are not equipped
1:34:01 > 1:34:06like the staff here.Were you thinking that, Kerry, that if my son
1:34:06 > 1:34:12comes to way PRU...?It makes you look at their life in a different
1:34:12 > 1:34:17way, when you have a child, you have their future set out, not directly,
1:34:17 > 1:34:20but you think they will have a good future, and because my eldest was so
1:34:20 > 1:34:25easy to bring up, it was difficult to come to terms with the fact that
1:34:25 > 1:34:29this is a problem that can go on for the rest of his life, something that
1:34:29 > 1:34:35needs to be looked at, and descends into a PRU, I was all for it when it
1:34:35 > 1:34:39came to the nurturing group, because Logan was here for that two years
1:34:39 > 1:34:44ago, but when it comes to telling me that it would be a permanent
1:34:44 > 1:34:47fixture, that was something that was really hard to come to terms two,
1:34:47 > 1:34:53telling the these problems are not just going to pass. This is
1:34:53 > 1:34:56something that is lifelong, and he will have to deal with for the rest
1:34:56 > 1:35:01of his life.And now what do you think?It is fantastic, it is
1:35:01 > 1:35:06brilliant! All the problems, he has still got them, he is very reserved,
1:35:06 > 1:35:10and I can see the triggers, his jaw will go tens when he gets anxious,
1:35:10 > 1:35:15but now, if we go shopping, and he says I want to throw the clothes all
1:35:15 > 1:35:20over the floor and hide, I go, don't do that, hold my hand, squeeze my
1:35:20 > 1:35:24hand. You learn different techniques. This morning he was
1:35:24 > 1:35:28swimming, and he used to cling onto me, and I took him swimming
1:35:28 > 1:35:32yesterday, and he was jumping in the water, actually swimming, opening
1:35:32 > 1:35:36his eyes under the water, like a completely different world that has
1:35:36 > 1:35:42opened up, a new future, you know. They really make them feel like they
1:35:42 > 1:35:45are somebody who can achieve, whereas in mainstream they are
1:35:45 > 1:35:49failed, they will never get anywhere. They come here and they
1:35:49 > 1:35:53are somebody. Cruz has started to run and play football. He would
1:35:53 > 1:35:59never join in at school, he was literally on the sidelines of
1:35:59 > 1:36:02everything, assemblies, performances, he wouldn't do it, and
1:36:02 > 1:36:05now he is starting to believe, because the staff here are amazing.
1:36:05 > 1:36:10They tell them every day, you can do this. They celebrate their
1:36:10 > 1:36:14differences, rather than push them to one side.I am just going to have
1:36:14 > 1:36:18a quick word, back with you in a second, at any moment we're going to
1:36:18 > 1:36:23cross to Jeremy Corbyn's speech, the labour leader's speech on Brexit,
1:36:23 > 1:36:28but I just want to make sure we get these children in before the end of
1:36:28 > 1:36:35the programme, P4 we hear from Mr Corbyn. Jacob, Barrington, Andrew -
1:36:35 > 1:36:39what is it like with your mum now you have come here, in terms of your
1:36:39 > 1:36:45relationship with your mum?We have never really had anything wrong, but
1:36:45 > 1:36:55now that I am here, she is happy, because before we are looking for a
1:36:55 > 1:37:00long time, and now that she knows I am in a nice place, she knows that I
1:37:00 > 1:37:07am safer for when I grow up.She must be a lot happier.Yeah.What
1:37:07 > 1:37:12about you, Jacob?Well, my mum is very pleased that I am integrating
1:37:12 > 1:37:26back into a newsgroup.Is it a new skill?Yes, a new one. -- a new
1:37:26 > 1:37:32school. And she is just... Because most of the time, I am making, all
1:37:32 > 1:37:40of the time I am making good choices, so she is very pleased
1:37:40 > 1:37:46about that, and she is just happy that I am having a good time there.
1:37:46 > 1:37:50What about your family, Andrew? What do they think of how you are getting
1:37:50 > 1:38:04on here?Good. Good and... My mum likes that I have good reports. At
1:38:04 > 1:38:11my old school, I never. And that I am improving my work, and now I like
1:38:11 > 1:38:18maths. Before, I never used to do. And I am good at maths. That I have
1:38:18 > 1:38:27changed my behaviour Twardzik, and that is it.Thank you. I am going to
1:38:27 > 1:38:32go back to the parents, so thank you so much for having us here, you are
1:38:32 > 1:38:39amazing, thank you. Anne-Marie is the mum of Keira. Thank you, cheers,
1:38:39 > 1:38:46darling. Kerry is the mother of Logan, Shelley is mother of Cruz,
1:38:46 > 1:38:53and Joe is the dad of Harry, who is now back in mainstream school. Do
1:38:53 > 1:39:00you think that when a child goes to a PRU, they mess about all day, do
1:39:00 > 1:39:04you think people think it is a bit of a holiday camp?I think they do
1:39:04 > 1:39:10think they must get away with murder, because they have seen such
1:39:10 > 1:39:13behaviour in mainstream school and at home that they do not understand
1:39:13 > 1:39:17how these children can be controlled. Not controlled, you
1:39:17 > 1:39:20know, but they don't understand how they can sit in such a structured
1:39:20 > 1:39:25setting.There is a lot of ignorance, because before this
1:39:25 > 1:39:29programme, who would know what happens in here? As a parent, before
1:39:29 > 1:39:36I met the head teacher, I didn't have a clue, I didn't know.The head
1:39:36 > 1:39:39teacher here, who has been so accommodating over so many weeks,
1:39:39 > 1:39:45and we are very grateful, given US Open and transparent access, what
1:39:45 > 1:39:52you think of how she has been with her children.It is amazing.
1:39:52 > 1:39:58Literally life changing.It is not just the children, it makes a
1:39:58 > 1:40:08difference to our lives, we can relax, it helps us.I have so much
1:40:08 > 1:40:12to say about this lady, when I rang up, I was in tears, very emotional,
1:40:12 > 1:40:19and she made the time, brought me into have a look around, and I sat
1:40:19 > 1:40:24in her office, and everything came out.My favourite fact is that here
1:40:24 > 1:40:30everybody listens to you.She listened.Do you know what? She gave
1:40:30 > 1:40:36me hope, she reassured me, don't worry, we will help you.And you are
1:40:36 > 1:40:43very emotional hearing this!I really feel like, literally, I wish
1:40:43 > 1:40:47I could say more, she gave me hope. When I first came, I was literally
1:40:47 > 1:40:54at the end of my tether.I think when I first came here, the first
1:40:54 > 1:40:58thing that was said was, don't worry, we won't be calling you
1:40:58 > 1:41:06everyday! I was so confident, not in myself, I can take my daughter in
1:41:06 > 1:41:13now, I don't have to worry about it, the stress is just...Let me read
1:41:13 > 1:41:16this e-mail from Christine, I am watching this programme today with a
1:41:16 > 1:41:21heavy heart and tears in my eyes. I have worked in primary schools as a
1:41:21 > 1:41:25teaching assistant, and sometimes the unjustifiable results of a child
1:41:25 > 1:41:28flying off the handle through no fault of their own are sad. Children
1:41:28 > 1:41:31who see a weakness in another child often deliberately provoke them, and
1:41:31 > 1:41:35the child with the weakness ends up was off. I have seen it happen so
1:41:35 > 1:41:42many times to the point where I have gone home and cried. Another says,
1:41:42 > 1:41:46such an inspirational PRU, the staff are amazing, how fortunate are the
1:41:46 > 1:41:52children who attend there? Abigail says, I went to a wonderful PRU when
1:41:52 > 1:41:56I was 14, but the school was specifically for young people with
1:41:56 > 1:41:59health problems that prevented them from attending mainstream schools,
1:41:59 > 1:42:03rather than for excluded pupils. The school changed my life around when I
1:42:03 > 1:42:07was too anxious to go into school, when I was depressed and sell having
1:42:07 > 1:42:15daily. The school has pupils with a range of health problems, the
1:42:15 > 1:42:18classes were much smaller than mainstream, side and feel as anxious
1:42:18 > 1:42:23in class. It was a quieter place to do work if you are having a bad day
1:42:23 > 1:42:27and couldn't cope. Jake says, I have attended a unit since I was in year
1:42:27 > 1:42:33nine, and I am currently in year 11. I see petty violence, stabbings and
1:42:33 > 1:42:3615-year-old addicts. Staff are dedicated but are fighting a losing
1:42:36 > 1:42:43battle. My damage was done earlier, when I was refused support because
1:42:43 > 1:42:47I, quote, didn't meet the criteria. And this one, what a marvellous
1:42:47 > 1:42:50school, I didn't really know PRUs existed, and to such an extremely
1:42:50 > 1:42:55high standard. The head teacher and her staff are amazing and deserve
1:42:55 > 1:43:00that in the medals. The children are amazing too. To be able to learn to
1:43:00 > 1:43:03make the right choices, albeit at an additional cost at this stage of
1:43:03 > 1:43:08their lives, is well worth it in my opinion. They all seem to be very
1:43:08 > 1:43:11bright and it will make a huge difference in their adult lives.
1:43:11 > 1:43:15Well done, everyone at Hawkswood, I applaud you. What about the work you
1:43:15 > 1:43:20do with parents like this? It is not just about their children, is it?
1:43:20 > 1:43:24Yeah, absolutely, we don't have a huge amount of resource to do as
1:43:24 > 1:43:29much parental work as we would like to, but what we do try and do is
1:43:29 > 1:43:31keep the communication going with the parents. And actually just
1:43:31 > 1:43:35giving them their confidence back, because their confidence has been
1:43:35 > 1:43:40knocked as well. And actually helping them do understand that we
1:43:40 > 1:43:44can see in their child what they can see in that child, their child,
1:43:44 > 1:43:49which some other people struggle to sometimes see in their child because
1:43:49 > 1:43:53the behaviour blocks that.Right. How much did you worry before your
1:43:53 > 1:44:01children came here about your child's future?Because of his
1:44:01 > 1:44:05behaviour, we were in fear, of its escalating, you could only see one
1:44:05 > 1:44:10path forward, and it could have got worse. You know, there was no tunnel
1:44:10 > 1:44:21to go through to see, and we have hit a brick wall now, nowhere to go.
1:44:21 > 1:44:25All you were seeing was bad, and with Logan, he went down and down
1:44:25 > 1:44:32and down, got worse and worse and worse.His self-esteem got to the
1:44:32 > 1:44:37point where he always wanted to work with animals, PA vet, and one day he
1:44:37 > 1:44:43said, I can't be a vet, and I said, of course you can, but he said, I
1:44:43 > 1:44:48can't read or write, and I'm never going to be able to learn. I said to
1:44:48 > 1:44:54him, no, you will, we will find a way to get you there.I am going to
1:44:54 > 1:44:57pause there, because we are told Jeremy Corbyn is on his way to do is
1:44:57 > 1:45:02Brexit speech. Thank you so much for being so candid with us, we really
1:45:02 > 1:45:06appreciate it. We need to thank you so much, we are so grateful, thank
1:45:06 > 1:45:11you for letting us into your school. Children, thank you very much for
1:45:11 > 1:45:19having us here bye! OK, we're going to cross now to Norman Smith, who
1:45:19 > 1:45:25was waiting for Jeremy Corbyn's speech.
1:45:29 > 1:45:32Thanks very much indeed, a big moment today for Jeremy Corbyn,
1:45:32 > 1:45:37putting more flesh on the bones of Labour's Brexit strategy, and what
1:45:37 > 1:45:41seems to be emerging is a clear divide between Labour on the Tories
1:45:41 > 1:45:45over Brexit with Jeremy Corbyn outlining a much softer approach to
1:45:45 > 1:45:49Brexit, saying, for example, we should stay in a customs union, and
1:45:49 > 1:45:53we know Theresa May has ruled that out, but also warm words about
1:45:53 > 1:45:58staying close to the single market. Again, something that Theresa May
1:45:58 > 1:46:06has ruled out, and that could pave the way for Jeremy Corbyn to work
1:46:06 > 1:46:09with Conservative Remainers and potentially De Vita Mrs May in the
1:46:09 > 1:46:15Commons over Brexit. So the stakes are high today, because we do have,
1:46:15 > 1:46:21perhaps for the first time now, a clear divide between the two parties
1:46:21 > 1:46:25over Brexit, with Mr Corbyn setting out a sort of Brexit light, a much
1:46:25 > 1:46:34softer version of Brexit. The key is how will those Brexit supporting
1:46:34 > 1:46:36Labour MPs and voters, mainly in traditional Labour seats, how will
1:46:36 > 1:46:44they react to this? Will they turn away from Labour? Also unknown, how
1:46:44 > 1:46:48will the EU react? Mr Corbyn has not said anything about freedom of
1:46:48 > 1:46:52movement, whether we will keep paying money into the EU, the sorts
1:46:52 > 1:46:55of things you have got to do if you want a close arrangement with the
1:46:55 > 1:47:00single market.
1:47:02 > 1:47:05single market. Now this will be the first time we have rarely heard from
1:47:05 > 1:47:11Jeremy Corbyn in this amount of detail. At the moment Labour has
1:47:11 > 1:47:15adopted a somewhat ambiguous approach to Brexit, in part because
1:47:15 > 1:47:22they have been trying to keep the different wings of their party
1:47:22 > 1:47:26together and so Mr Corbyn has not wanted to be too specific. But now
1:47:26 > 1:47:30we are moving to the nitty-gritty Brexit, the sharp end of those
1:47:30 > 1:47:34negotiations, when the government is having to spell out their detailed
1:47:34 > 1:47:40policies. So Labour are having to spell out their detailed policies as
1:47:40 > 1:47:46well. The time for airy fairy waffle is beginning to pass. Interestingly,
1:47:46 > 1:47:49on Friday we are expecting Theresa May to set out a detailed approach
1:47:49 > 1:47:56to Brexit. We are getting to the sharp end of the whole process. As I
1:47:56 > 1:48:02say, that will be followed by some knife edge voting in the Commons.
1:48:02 > 1:48:06Tory Remainers are threatening to vote against Mrs May on the issue of
1:48:06 > 1:48:10a customs union. Exactly the issue that Jeremy Corbyn will today is
1:48:10 > 1:48:16say, yes, we agree we should remain in a customs union. The government
1:48:16 > 1:48:21has pushed back the timetable for that vote. It may not happen until
1:48:21 > 1:48:26after Easter. Let's listen to what Mr Corbyn has got to say.We send
1:48:26 > 1:48:29our condolences to those who have lost their lives in Leicester last
1:48:29 > 1:48:35night. We thank the emergency services, the police, the fire and
1:48:35 > 1:48:38ambulance and local residents for all the help and support they gave
1:48:38 > 1:48:44to the victims of that tragedy last night. I have got to also say a big
1:48:44 > 1:48:49thank you to Coventry University for allowing us this space this morning.
1:48:49 > 1:48:54Ultrahigh tech all around us. The modern Labour Party! Ultrahigh tech!
1:48:54 > 1:49:00You are meant to laugh at that point! Thank you. And the work that
1:49:00 > 1:49:04Coventry University does in cutting-edge technology, research
1:49:04 > 1:49:09technology, and ensuring that the skills of decades in Coventry that
1:49:09 > 1:49:16built aircraft, and cars, and so much else, are developed into the
1:49:16 > 1:49:19high-tech that we want for the 21st century of sustainable industries
1:49:19 > 1:49:25and sustainable technology. And I thank the shadow ministers who are
1:49:25 > 1:49:29here today. Rebecca Long-Bailey he was doing an incredible job on
1:49:29 > 1:49:32business and trade. Mary Garda is doing a great job on trade itself.
1:49:32 > 1:49:39Thank you. And Keir Starmer who has done such a brilliant job in holding
1:49:39 > 1:49:43the government to account and forcing them to retreat time after
1:49:43 > 1:49:45time on the issue Brexit negotiations. Thank you very much
1:49:45 > 1:49:51for being here. And welcome the commentary MPs for being here today.
1:49:51 > 1:49:56Thank you very much indeed. The city of Coventry. And also Geoffrey
1:49:56 > 1:50:00Robinson for the incredible work you did on Friday on the organ donors
1:50:00 > 1:50:03bill in Parliament. It has made an incredible difference to the lives
1:50:03 > 1:50:08of many people.
1:50:13 > 1:50:16of many people. Britain's industrial heartland is where we are now. It is
1:50:16 > 1:50:21now set to be our next City of Culture. Well done, Coventry, on
1:50:21 > 1:50:25that. I look forward to joining in the City of Culture celebrations. I
1:50:25 > 1:50:28was given a book of photography within the Asian community this
1:50:28 > 1:50:33morning by the university which I will treasure. Thank you. Next month
1:50:33 > 1:50:37the government will embark on the second and most crucial phase of
1:50:37 > 1:50:40negotiations to leave the European Union, to set the terms of Britain's
1:50:40 > 1:50:45relationship with the EU for the long-term. We are now 20 months on
1:50:45 > 1:50:49from the referendum that voted to leave, and a year on from the
1:50:49 > 1:50:54triggering of Article 50. But the country is still in the dark about
1:50:54 > 1:50:56what this divided Conservative government actually wants out of
1:50:56 > 1:51:03Brexit. They cannot agree amongst themselves on what their priorities
1:51:03 > 1:51:08are or what future they want for Britain after Brexit. They have got
1:51:08 > 1:51:11no shortage of sound bites and slogans of course. The Foreign
1:51:11 > 1:51:15Secretary says it will be a liberal Brexit. The Prime Ministers says it
1:51:15 > 1:51:20will be a red, white and blue Brexit. On other days it is a
1:51:20 > 1:51:23bespoke economic partnership. The Brexit Secretary at least now
1:51:23 > 1:51:30promises it will not be a Mad Max style dystopia. You might think that
1:51:30 > 1:51:34is setting the bar a little low! The trade secretary cannot contain
1:51:34 > 1:51:38himself at the prospect of putting Britain into a spiral of
1:51:38 > 1:51:42deregulation in rights and standards. The Cabinet seems to have
1:51:42 > 1:51:45agreed at Chequers to leave the door open to that while there are
1:51:45 > 1:51:52ambitious managed version goes on, whatever that means. The truth is we
1:51:52 > 1:51:55really don't know much more about where they are actually heading in
1:51:55 > 1:51:58these talks. Workers, businesses and everybody who voted in a referendum
1:51:58 > 1:52:03just wants to know what the government's approach to Brexit is
1:52:03 > 1:52:09likely to mean for their future and the future of the country. As the
1:52:09 > 1:52:12opposition, we have been trying to hold this government to account. We
1:52:12 > 1:52:16have a duty to do that. Our message has been consistent since the vote
1:52:16 > 1:52:22to leave 20 months ago. We respect the result of the referendum. Our
1:52:22 > 1:52:26priority is to get the best deal for people's jobs, living standards and
1:52:26 > 1:52:30the economy, as Becky was explaining in her opening remarks. We reject
1:52:30 > 1:52:36any race to the bottom in worker' rights, environmental safeguards,
1:52:36 > 1:52:40consumer protections and food safety standards. And we have pushed the
1:52:40 > 1:52:43government to act, to guarantee the rights of European Union citizens
1:52:43 > 1:52:49living here and of UK citizens who have made their homes elsewhere in
1:52:49 > 1:52:55Europe. I want to thank all those EU nationals who have made their homes
1:52:55 > 1:52:58here, made such an incredible contribution to our communities, our
1:52:58 > 1:53:02lives and our public services, and say to the government it is a shame
1:53:02 > 1:53:06on them they have been through 20 months of uncertain horror because
1:53:06 > 1:53:11there have been no guarantees of their future. We will protect their
1:53:11 > 1:53:14rights by legislating immediately to guarantee permanent residence for EU
1:53:14 > 1:53:21nationals living here and the right to bring their families here.
1:53:21 > 1:53:23APPLAUSE
1:53:26 > 1:53:31We also want to ensure a transition period on the existing terms.That
1:53:31 > 1:53:35was a very strong point that Keir and other colleagues put in
1:53:35 > 1:53:37Parliament that would minimise disruption and avoid an economic
1:53:37 > 1:53:43cliff edge. To avoid any return to a hardboard in Northern Ireland. And
1:53:43 > 1:53:53to guarantee Parliament a meaningful vote on the final deal. The
1:53:53 > 1:53:58Conservative government has dithered and delayed. Their incompetence and
1:53:58 > 1:54:01deregulation obsession has risked putting jobs and living standards at
1:54:01 > 1:54:05risk as we leave the European Union. This is an economy that has already
1:54:05 > 1:54:10been damaged by eight years of Conservative austerity. Where wages
1:54:10 > 1:54:15are still lower today than they were a decade ago, where productivity
1:54:15 > 1:54:19lags dangerously behind other major economies, where the government has
1:54:19 > 1:54:24failed to invest and modernise. Where more people are living in
1:54:24 > 1:54:28poverty. And where closing the deficit that was due to be
1:54:28 > 1:54:39eradicated in 2015, then 2016, then 2017, then 2020, has now been put
1:54:39 > 1:54:45back to 2025. After years of Tory blast and slogans, the Conservatives
1:54:45 > 1:54:51have been found out. They have no economic plan and they have no
1:54:51 > 1:54:56Brexit plan. Every so often they wheel out Boris Johnson to promise
1:54:56 > 1:55:03once more that they will cough up more money for the NHS after Brexit.
1:55:03 > 1:55:07And they have spent the last eight years not giving money to the
1:55:07 > 1:55:12National Health Service that so desperately needs it. Even while
1:55:12 > 1:55:18they have been able to find billions of pounds, billions, to cut taxes
1:55:18 > 1:55:22for the richest corporations, to cut capital gains tax for the super-rich
1:55:22 > 1:55:28elite, and to scrap the 50% rate for the richest as well. And found
1:55:28 > 1:55:34billions more to cut inheritance tax on the wealthiest estates, and to
1:55:34 > 1:55:37slash the bank levy. Yet the National Health Service has been
1:55:37 > 1:55:44subjected to the longest financial squeeze in its history. This is a
1:55:44 > 1:55:49government that failed our NHS pro-Brexit and during Brexit, and
1:55:49 > 1:55:55certainly cannot be trusted with the NHS post-Brexit. Labour will give
1:55:55 > 1:56:00the NHS the resources it needs. We will raise tax on the top 5% and big
1:56:00 > 1:56:05businesses. Those with the broadest shoulders to pay, not by making up
1:56:05 > 1:56:11numbers and parading them on the side of a bus. We will use the funds
1:56:11 > 1:56:15returned from Brussels after Brexit to invest in our public services and
1:56:15 > 1:56:20the jobs of the future. Not tax cuts for the richest.
1:56:20 > 1:56:27APPLAUSE
1:56:28 > 1:56:32Today I want to set out Labour's approach to Brexit in more detail,
1:56:32 > 1:56:37how we would do things differently, what our priorities are for the
1:56:37 > 1:56:43Brexit negotiation and the values that underpin it. The first is our
1:56:43 > 1:56:47overriding mission that whatever is negotiated must put people's jobs
1:56:47 > 1:56:52and living standards first. The Brexit process must not leave our
1:56:52 > 1:56:57people and country worse off. We are committed to building a more
1:56:57 > 1:57:06prosperous and more equal Britain. In which every region, every region,
1:57:06 > 1:57:10benefits and no community, absolutely no community is left
1:57:10 > 1:57:14behind. As we set out in our manifesto, and that is what
1:57:14 > 1:57:21underpins our approach to Brexit. The second is unity. Most people in
1:57:21 > 1:57:25our country, regardless of whether they voted leave or remain, want
1:57:25 > 1:57:30better jobs, more investment, stronger rights and greater
1:57:30 > 1:57:37equality. So we will not let those who want to sow divisions drive this
1:57:37 > 1:57:42process. No scapegoating of migrants. No setting when generation
1:57:42 > 1:57:45against another. And no playing of the nations of the UK.
1:57:45 > 1:57:47APPLAUSE
1:57:55 > 1:57:58No one should be willing to sacrifice the Good Friday Agreement,
1:57:58 > 1:58:02the bases of 20 years of relative peace and development and respect
1:58:02 > 1:58:13for diversity in Northern Ireland. The Good Friday Agreement was a huge
1:58:13 > 1:58:16achievement and on this anniversary of it, let's respect that and the
1:58:16 > 1:58:19achievements that went behind it and not allow that to be undermined
1:58:19 > 1:58:27during the Brexit process. The third is our global perspective. We are
1:58:27 > 1:58:32leaving the European Union but we are not leaving Europe. We are not
1:58:32 > 1:58:35throwing up protectionist barriers, closing the borders and barricading
1:58:35 > 1:58:40ourselves in. And we want a close and cooperative relationship with
1:58:40 > 1:58:49the whole of Europe after Brexit. We are a party of internationalists. We
1:58:49 > 1:58:52know that our interests are bound up with millions of others all across
1:58:52 > 1:59:00the globe. Whether that is in order to tackle the huge challenges of
1:59:00 > 1:59:04climate change, build a more peaceful world, or clamp down on the
1:59:04 > 1:59:11tax dodging elite who think by bestriding the clothes they can
1:59:11 > 1:59:18avoid paying their share for vital public services. -- the globe. I
1:59:18 > 1:59:22want to address each of these principles today because together
1:59:22 > 1:59:27they define Labour's approach to Brexit. The Labour Party's values
1:59:27 > 1:59:30and what the next Labour Party government will seek to deliver in
1:59:30 > 1:59:39office. So many of the areas that voted to leave the same areas that
1:59:39 > 1:59:44have lost out from years of chronic underinvestment. Areas where too
1:59:44 > 1:59:53many people are held back by the lack of opportunities. Where people
1:59:53 > 1:59:58fail. The system is rigged against them will stop because they can't
1:59:58 > 2:00:03get a decent, secure job, can't afford to buy a home, can't get more
2:00:03 > 2:00:08hours or higher pay, can't afford to retire or are not able to escape the
2:00:08 > 2:00:22spiral of debt. You can't replace jobs like mining with Sports Direct
2:00:22 > 2:00:25and jobs like that. We are determined to change that.
2:00:30 > 2:00:37Our priority is to get the best jobs and living standards, upgrade the
2:00:37 > 2:00:41economy and invest in every community and region and shift it
2:00:41 > 2:00:46away from the low paid, low skilled, low investment economy it has become
2:00:46 > 2:00:51under the Tories and the balance that investment across the country
2:00:51 > 2:00:56so no longer will some regions get a mere one sixth of the capital
2:00:56 > 2:01:01investment that goes to London. That's why Labour were once the
2:01:01 > 2:01:05Brexit for all our people, one that offers security to workers in the
2:01:05 > 2:01:09car industry worried about their future, hope to families struggling
2:01:09 > 2:01:14to pay the bills and opportunities to young people wanting a decent job
2:01:14 > 2:01:20and the home of their own. These are the people we are thinking of and
2:01:20 > 2:01:29working for. It is a very different story around the mahogany table in
2:01:29 > 2:01:34Chequers. The Government seems much more concerned about cutting deals
2:01:34 > 2:01:40with each other for their friends and funders from the City of London.
2:01:40 > 2:01:44Labour is looking for a Brexit that puts the working people first
2:01:44 > 2:01:50leaving the EU, whatever that exit the ends, risks delivering a shock
2:01:50 > 2:01:56to the economy and less the right plans and protections are in place.
2:01:56 > 2:02:00To allow the kind of investment and economic transformation programme
2:02:00 > 2:02:07the country needs and that Labour is committed to. For 45 years of
2:02:07 > 2:02:11economy has become increasingly linked to the European Union and
2:02:11 > 2:02:16many of our laws and regulations set and monitored by a joint European
2:02:16 > 2:02:19authorities, from implementing rules on the use of pesticides to
2:02:19 > 2:02:24assessing levels of fluoride in drinking water. The EU food safety
2:02:24 > 2:02:29authority plays a vital role in monitoring the substances used in
2:02:29 > 2:02:33manufacturing or growing our food. Using the latest scientific evidence
2:02:33 > 2:02:39to assess what the substances are likely to have harmful effects on
2:02:39 > 2:02:42humans or animals. The European chemicals agency carries out the
2:02:42 > 2:02:46vital task of evaluating and authorising chemicals as safe for
2:02:46 > 2:02:51use. Many businesses up supply chains and production processes
2:02:51 > 2:02:59interwoven throughout Europe. Take the UK car industry, which supports
2:02:59 > 2:03:04169,000 manufacturing jobs. 52,000 of which in the West Midlands. If we
2:03:04 > 2:03:10look at the example of one of Britain's most iconic brands, the
2:03:10 > 2:03:16mini. We begin to see how reliant on automotive industry is on the
2:03:16 > 2:03:21friction was interwoven Supply train. A Mini will cross the Channel
2:03:21 > 2:03:26three times in the 2000 mile journey before the finished car rolls off
2:03:26 > 2:03:31the production line. Starting in Oxford it will be shipped to France
2:03:31 > 2:03:37to be fitted for key components before being brought back to BMW's
2:03:37 > 2:03:42plant in Warwickshire where it is drilled into shape. Once that
2:03:42 > 2:03:46process is complete, it will be sent to Munich to be fitted with its
2:03:46 > 2:03:51engine before ending its journey back at the Mini plant in Oxford for
2:03:51 > 2:04:00final assembly. If that car is to be sold on the continent many of which
2:04:00 > 2:04:03components will have crossed the Channel four times. The sheer
2:04:03 > 2:04:07complexity of this demand we are practical and serious about this
2:04:07 > 2:04:19next stage. I want to pay tribute to those grappling with these issues on
2:04:19 > 2:04:24my, they are serious and United. I do not do personal in politics but
2:04:24 > 2:04:27let me simply say it is in a bit of a contrast to what is going on the
2:04:27 > 2:04:33other side of the House of Commons chamber, I will leave it at that. It
2:04:33 > 2:04:41makes no sense for the UK to abandon EU agencies and tariff free trading
2:04:41 > 2:04:45rules that have served us well, supporting other industrial sectors
2:04:45 > 2:04:48and protecting workers and consumers and safeguarding the environment. If
2:04:48 > 2:04:54that means negotiating to support individual EU agencies, rather than
2:04:54 > 2:05:01paying more money to duplicate those agencies here, that should be an
2:05:01 > 2:05:06option, not something ruled out because of some phoney jingoistic
2:05:06 > 2:05:11posturing by the Foreign Secretary. We well want to remain a part of
2:05:11 > 2:05:17agencies that regulate nuclear materials and, crucially, and health
2:05:17 > 2:05:22sectors as well. Programmes like in Rasmus, from which this university
2:05:22 > 2:05:27benefits greatly assurance from Britain survey across Europe and
2:05:27 > 2:05:31vice versa, that enriches the lives of students on both sides of the
2:05:31 > 2:05:35Channel and across the continent. It serves our interests and interests
2:05:35 > 2:05:40of young people all across Europe to maintain membership of that
2:05:40 > 2:05:45programme. We are leaving the EU but we are still working with European
2:05:45 > 2:05:50partners in the economic interests of our country. When 44% of our
2:05:50 > 2:05:56exports are to the EU countries and 50% of our imports come from the EU,
2:05:56 > 2:06:02it is an both our interests, both our interest, for that to remain
2:06:02 > 2:06:06tariff free. It would damage businesses that export to Europe and
2:06:06 > 2:06:11the jobs depend on those exports for there to be the additional costs of
2:06:11 > 2:06:16tariffs. It would damage consumers here, already failed by stagnant
2:06:16 > 2:06:23wages and rapidly rising housing costs. So, we will remain close to
2:06:23 > 2:06:28the EU, that is obvious, every country, Turkey, Switzerland and
2:06:28 > 2:06:32Norway, that is geographically close to the EU without being a member
2:06:32 > 2:06:37state has some sort of close relationship with the EU. Some are
2:06:37 > 2:06:41more advantageous than others and Britain will need a bespoke
2:06:41 > 2:06:45negotiated relationship of its own. During the transition period, which
2:06:45 > 2:06:52was proposed by Labour in the first place, we would seek to remain an a
2:06:52 > 2:06:57customs union with the EU and within the single market. That means we
2:06:57 > 2:07:03would abide by existing rules of both during transition. That the
2:07:03 > 2:07:06Saudi Government, businesses and workers only have to make one
2:07:06 > 2:07:11adjustment from that -- that is so the Government and businesses and
2:07:11 > 2:07:15workers only have to make one adjustment. We spelt out the need
2:07:15 > 2:07:20for a stable transition period last summer and both the TUC and CBI
2:07:20 > 2:07:24agree on that. We thought the Government had accepted that but now
2:07:24 > 2:07:29they seem to be very surprisingly, in disarray on this issue yet again.
2:07:29 > 2:07:33Time after time with this Government is anything aggrieved at breakfast
2:07:33 > 2:07:38is being briefed against by lunch and abandoned by tea-time --
2:07:38 > 2:07:44anything agreed at breakfast. This agreement, it seems, is the new
2:07:44 > 2:07:49strong and stable. The Government's division risks costly adjustments
2:07:49 > 2:07:53for both Government and business from the current terms to the
2:07:53 > 2:07:57transitional terms and begin to the final terms. Labour would seek a
2:07:57 > 2:08:01final deal giving full access to European markets and maintains the
2:08:01 > 2:08:06benefits of the single market and customs union as the Brexit
2:08:06 > 2:08:10secretary David Davis promised in the House of Commons, with no new
2:08:10 > 2:08:13impediments to trade or reductions in rights, standards and
2:08:13 > 2:08:18protections. We long argued a customs union is a viable option for
2:08:18 > 2:08:24the final deal so we would seek to negotiate a new, comprehensive UK EU
2:08:24 > 2:08:29customs union to ensure there are no tariffs with Europe and help avoid
2:08:29 > 2:08:34any needs whatsoever for the hard border in Northern Ireland.
2:08:34 > 2:08:45APPLAUSE but we are also clear up the option of a new customs union
2:08:45 > 2:08:55with the EU would need to ensure we have a say in new trade deals, it
2:08:55 > 2:08:59would require us to be able to negotiate new trade deals and the
2:08:59 > 2:09:03national interest. We would not countenance a deal
2:09:03 > 2:09:08living Britain a passive recipient of rules decided by others that
2:09:08 > 2:09:13would mean is ending up as a rule taker. In contrast, the Government
2:09:13 > 2:09:19has ended up seeing -- move from saying it wanted trade with the EU
2:09:19 > 2:09:24to be tariff free to then saying it wanted it to be as having as
2:09:24 > 2:09:29possible, quite a change. In which governments area as the Government
2:09:29 > 2:09:32think it would be acceptable for there to be tariffs? They should let
2:09:32 > 2:09:39us know, like so much else, they have not spelt that out. That is the
2:09:39 > 2:09:44consequence of ruling out the option of a customs union, which the
2:09:44 > 2:09:49Government has done. I appealed to MPs of all parties, be prepared to
2:09:49 > 2:09:54put the people's interest ahead of ideological fight disease and join
2:09:54 > 2:10:01us in supporting the option of a new customs union with the EU. Labour
2:10:01 > 2:10:06respects the referendum result and Britain is leaving the EU but we
2:10:06 > 2:10:11will not support any Saudi deal that would do lasting damage to jobs,
2:10:11 > 2:10:18writes -- we would not support any Tory deal that would reduce rights
2:10:18 > 2:10:23and standards. We do not believe deals with the USA China would be
2:10:23 > 2:10:28likely to compensate for a significant loss of trade with our
2:10:28 > 2:10:32neighbours in the European Union and the Government's or leaked
2:10:32 > 2:10:37assessment is sure exactly that. Both the United States and China
2:10:37 > 2:10:43have much weaker standards and regulations. Those deals with risk
2:10:43 > 2:10:50dragging Britain into a race to the bottom on vital protections and
2:10:50 > 2:10:55other rights at work. Environment, consumer and rights at work are very
2:10:55 > 2:11:01central to everything the Labour Party believes in. Let me make this
2:11:01 > 2:11:06clear, we are implacably opposed to our NHS or any other public services
2:11:06 > 2:11:14being part of a trade deal with Donald Trump's America or a revived
2:11:14 > 2:11:17transatlantic trade investment partnership deal with the EU which
2:11:17 > 2:11:22would open the door to a flood of further privatisations of public
2:11:22 > 2:11:34services and our NHS. APPLAUSE and we are not prepared to
2:11:34 > 2:11:38ask the British public to eat chlorinated chicken and lower the
2:11:38 > 2:11:44standards of British farming. We would ensure there will be no
2:11:44 > 2:11:47reduction in rights, standards protections and instead seek to
2:11:47 > 2:11:55extend them. EBay -- the like relation -- deregulation and a race
2:11:55 > 2:12:02to the bottom with damage standards and we would renegotiate a view
2:12:02 > 2:12:09tariff free access to the single market and protections of existing
2:12:09 > 2:12:14standards. That would need to ensure we can deliver our ambitious
2:12:14 > 2:12:19economic programme to take essential steps to intervene, upgrades and
2:12:19 > 2:12:24transform our economy, to build an economy for the 21st-century that
2:12:24 > 2:12:30works for the many, not just the few. Labour has set out how we will
2:12:30 > 2:12:36create a national investment bank to drive investment in every community
2:12:36 > 2:12:41through a network of regional development banks. So every area has
2:12:41 > 2:12:48an industrial strategy based on investments in a high skill, high
2:12:48 > 2:12:53wage, high productivity economy, and through our 500 billion national
2:12:53 > 2:12:58transformation fund, we would invest in a decade-long programme of
2:12:58 > 2:13:02renewal so Britain has the infrastructure that matches, if not
2:13:02 > 2:13:07exceeds that, of other major economies. An hour transport
2:13:07 > 2:13:11networks, energy markets and our digital infrastructure too often
2:13:11 > 2:13:17Britain is well behind. We would also seek to negotiate protections
2:13:17 > 2:13:22and publications or exceptions, where necessary, in relation to
2:13:22 > 2:13:25privatisation of public service competition directives. State aid
2:13:25 > 2:13:34procurement rules and the workers' directive. We cannot be held back
2:13:34 > 2:13:38inside or outside the EU from taking these steps we need to support
2:13:38 > 2:13:43cutting edge industries and local businesses and stop the tide of
2:13:43 > 2:13:48privatisation and outsourcing. Or for preventing employers being able
2:13:48 > 2:13:55to import cheap agency labour to undercut existing pay and conditions
2:13:55 > 2:13:59and resulting in a grotesque levels of exploitation of vulnerable
2:13:59 > 2:14:04workers and loss of jobs to others and the huge profits to the employer
2:14:04 > 2:14:08in the middle of that. We would deal with that.
2:14:08 > 2:14:16APPLAUSE. It was alarming that after the
2:14:16 > 2:14:21Brexit vote there was a clear rise in xenophobic and racist attacks on
2:14:21 > 2:14:28our streets. The referendum campaign was divisive and some politicians on
2:14:28 > 2:14:34the leaves side with top fears and division to further their cause.
2:14:34 > 2:14:38That built on a shameful fans telling arrogance to go home that
2:14:38 > 2:14:44the then Home Secretary instructed to trundle around the country,
2:14:44 > 2:14:47stirring up division. I remember just after the referendum result
2:14:47 > 2:14:51receiving a text from a young person and my constituency who had been
2:14:51 > 2:14:57subjected to abuse in the state for the first time in his life for being
2:14:57 > 2:15:03abused for what he is and he was very afraid. Our immigration system
2:15:03 > 2:15:08will change and freedom of movement will end when we leave the EU but we
2:15:08 > 2:15:16have also said in the trade negotiations priorities, growth,
2:15:16 > 2:15:20jobs and living standards for people. We make no apologies were
2:15:20 > 2:15:24putting those games before bogus immigration targets. Labour would
2:15:24 > 2:15:33design our immigration policy based on fair rules and reasonable
2:15:33 > 2:15:43management of migration. Our national health is suffering and
2:15:43 > 2:15:47large EU staff numbers have gone home already but we want to turn
2:15:47 > 2:15:52that around. They are welcome to stay and work here because we need
2:15:52 > 2:15:57them here and we need their skills and dedication and other labour we
2:15:57 > 2:16:03will make sure that happens. APPLAUSE.
2:16:06 > 2:16:11Not starting from rigid and work out what that means afterwards. Diane
2:16:11 > 2:16:18Abbott said last week, we do not begin with how we reduce immigration
2:16:18 > 2:16:23and to hell with the consequences, these are Tory policies and values.
2:16:23 > 2:16:27Part of the reason net migration has been relatively high in recent years
2:16:27 > 2:16:33is because of the skills shortage in the UK labour market. At the general
2:16:33 > 2:16:37election Labour set out plans to invest in a national education
2:16:37 > 2:16:42service with free college, university training places to tackle
2:16:42 > 2:16:46those shortages and not drive young people into debt just because they
2:16:46 > 2:16:52want to get a university education. APPLAUSE
2:16:52 > 2:16:59People also feel frustrated when they are denied opportunities to
2:16:59 > 2:17:02re-train or improve their skills and employers instead import skilled
2:17:02 > 2:17:07labour from elsewhere. We will also restore free English as a second
2:17:07 > 2:17:11language courses so people who come here whether as migrants or refugees
2:17:11 > 2:17:22can learn and -- English and participate in their workplaces. And
2:17:22 > 2:17:25tighten labour regulations, strengthen trade union rights,
2:17:25 > 2:17:31tackle insecurity and exploitation of all workers. When migrant workers
2:17:31 > 2:17:33come to Britain they must not be exploited or used to undercut or
2:17:33 > 2:17:38suppress better working conditions or higher pay. Those issues can only
2:17:38 > 2:17:43be tackled by stronger employment law to stop employers being able to
2:17:43 > 2:17:46import cheap agency labour to undercut existing pay and
2:17:46 > 2:17:51conditions. Collective agreements and central bargaining must become
2:17:51 > 2:17:57the norm. Labour stands for the rate for the job not a race to the
2:17:57 > 2:17:57bottom. APPLAUSE
2:17:57 > 2:18:08. It is not migrants who drive down wages, it is bad employers who can't
2:18:08 > 2:18:11pay and bad Government to allow workers to be divided and
2:18:11 > 2:18:12undermined. APPLAUSE
2:18:12 > 2:18:20And what -- they want unions to be weak and passive. We will strengthen
2:18:20 > 2:18:24our employment law. Invest in the skills of workers in Britain so they
2:18:24 > 2:18:29can progress. And oppose all those who instead of seeking to solve
2:18:29 > 2:18:35problems seek to scapegoat instead. The evolution of the last Labour
2:18:35 > 2:18:38Government completed the peace process in Northern Ireland which we
2:18:38 > 2:18:51must cherish. -- devolution. And I pay tribute to Tony Blair and all
2:18:51 > 2:18:56those who worked so hard on the Good Friday Agreement. We must continue
2:18:56 > 2:19:01to support the restoration of the Northern Ireland assembly and made
2:19:01 > 2:19:12sure -- make sure we maintain the border. Established Scotland and
2:19:12 > 2:19:17Wales Parliament and assembly. Labour believes powers of a devolved
2:19:17 > 2:19:21policy areas currently exercised by the EU should go directly to the
2:19:21 > 2:19:27relevant body involved after Brexit. That power is closer to the people.
2:19:27 > 2:19:32That is the same principle that involves the regional development
2:19:32 > 2:19:39backs that the next Labour Government will develop. Including a
2:19:39 > 2:19:49commitment to support the United Nations, and a promise to secure
2:19:49 > 2:19:50peace, freedom, democracy, economic freedom and environmental protection
2:19:50 > 2:19:59for all. Some want to use Brexit to turn Britain on itself, seeing
2:19:59 > 2:20:02everyone has a feared competitor. Others want to use Brexit to put
2:20:02 > 2:20:08rocket boosters under our current economic systems, insecurities and
2:20:08 > 2:20:13inequalities was the turning Britain into a de-regulated corporate tax
2:20:13 > 2:20:18haven with low wages, limited rights and cut-price public services in
2:20:18 > 2:20:24what would be a destructive race to the bottom. Labour stands for a
2:20:24 > 2:20:28completely different future. Drawing on the best internationalist
2:20:28 > 2:20:32traditions of the labour movement and of this country. We want to see
2:20:32 > 2:20:39close cooperative relations with our neighbours outside the EU based on
2:20:39 > 2:20:43values of internationalism, solidarity and a quality. As well as
2:20:43 > 2:20:55mutual benefit and Eritrea. -- equality. Fair trade. 1948 human
2:20:55 > 2:21:01rights, and the Human Rights Act in showing that in law so Labour will
2:21:01 > 2:21:07continue to work with other European allies including through Europe to
2:21:07 > 2:21:11ensure our country and others uphold our international obligations. We
2:21:11 > 2:21:14must work with other countries to advance the cause of human rights.
2:21:14 > 2:21:21To confront the four greatest interconnected threats facing our
2:21:21 > 2:21:28common humanity. First, the growing concentration of unaccountable
2:21:28 > 2:21:37wealth and power in the hands of a tiny global corporate elite. We must
2:21:37 > 2:21:41challenge that, working with our European neighbours to stop those
2:21:41 > 2:21:46who play one country off and other or those who hide their wealth
2:21:46 > 2:21:54offshore in order to avoid paying their dues to fund the public
2:21:54 > 2:21:58services that they all use at some point in their lives. Second,
2:21:58 > 2:22:02climate change, which is creating instability and fuelling conflict
2:22:02 > 2:22:07across the world. And threatening all of our futures. No matter how
2:22:07 > 2:22:15much we inform them pollution, stubbornly, dishes factory --
2:22:15 > 2:22:21disrespectfully refuses to respect borders. We can only improve
2:22:21 > 2:22:25environmental degradation and pollution by working together as
2:22:25 > 2:22:29many of our closest allies in that struggle are in Europe. The Green
2:22:29 > 2:22:33Alliance estimates trade in low-carbon goods and services
2:22:33 > 2:22:39contributed over 42 billion to the economy in 2015. The UK low carbon
2:22:39 > 2:22:45and renewable energy sector was it -- inspected to increase by four by
2:22:45 > 2:22:492030 potentially bringing 2 million jobs and contributing more than 8%
2:22:49 > 2:22:54to the UK's national output. That needs us to maintain our standards
2:22:54 > 2:23:02and ensure barrier free trade in low-carbon goods. Those include
2:23:02 > 2:23:05eco-design and energy labelling standards, greenhouse gas emission
2:23:05 > 2:23:13standards for vehicles and internal energy market product standard
2:23:13 > 2:23:16services, chemical radiation and nuclear safety and safeguards. The
2:23:16 > 2:23:20importance of getting our Brexit settlement right is vital in this
2:23:20 > 2:23:25area both in terms of the industrial role of Britain in reducing climate
2:23:25 > 2:23:31change and protecting jobs and industry. Third, there are
2:23:31 > 2:23:37unprecedented numbers of people fleeing conflict, persecution,
2:23:37 > 2:23:42social breakdown, humans rights abuses and climate disaster. The
2:23:42 > 2:23:48global refugee crisis is huge. There are 65 million refugees across the
2:23:48 > 2:23:53world. That is the equivalent of the entire population of Britain. That
2:23:53 > 2:23:57crisis is a challenge, much of which is on the borders of Europe. That
2:23:57 > 2:24:03challenge can be met by coordinating with neighbours both to crack down
2:24:03 > 2:24:10on people smugglers who put men, women and children in and vessels.
2:24:10 > 2:24:15Operations have tried to rescue those from BC seas as too many
2:24:15 > 2:24:19desperate people are drowning in pursuit of the century. These are
2:24:19 > 2:24:27people -- rescue from the seas. They suffer from cruelty, but want to
2:24:27 > 2:24:37make a contribution. For an active birth it could be any of us. Let's
2:24:37 > 2:24:44help humanity, not like them with the problems they are fleeing from.
2:24:44 > 2:24:59-- not played them. -- plague them. I want to address the use of
2:24:59 > 2:25:06intervention by the Linda diplomacy. Let's learn the lessons of Iraq,
2:25:06 > 2:25:11Libya and Afghanistan. And not go down the regime change wars route
2:25:11 > 2:25:19again. International cooperation confronts the root causes of
2:25:19 > 2:25:21conflict, persecution and inequality. We will continue to play
2:25:21 > 2:25:28a role in partnership with the EU in that effort. We live in a globalised
2:25:28 > 2:25:32world. The lives we lead our dependent on the work of others and
2:25:32 > 2:25:38our trade with those from around the world. Many of us have friends and
2:25:38 > 2:25:43family from or who live in many other parts of the world. In
2:25:43 > 2:25:46contrast to the Prime Minister, who said if you believe you are a
2:25:46 > 2:25:51citizen of the world, you are a citizen of nowhere. We believe, in
2:25:51 > 2:25:59fact, that we can only fully achieve what we want as citizens of Britain
2:25:59 > 2:26:01by also recognising we are citizens of the world.
2:26:01 > 2:26:03APPLAUSE
2:26:07 > 2:26:14I have long opposed embedding a free-market orthodoxy and the
2:26:14 > 2:26:20Democratic deficit in European Union. That is why I campaigned to
2:26:20 > 2:26:24remain and reform in the referendum. Scepticism is healthy especially
2:26:24 > 2:26:32when dealing with politicians. And there is plenty of them here today.
2:26:32 > 2:26:36Or the received wisdom of the political and media establishment.
2:26:36 > 2:26:46Plenty of those here as well today. Being a Eurosceptic in reality
2:26:46 > 2:26:49became synonymous with anti-European. I am not
2:26:49 > 2:26:54anti-European. I want close cooperation with the whole of Europe
2:26:54 > 2:26:59after Brexit. Labour is the party of the new common-sense on the economy,
2:26:59 > 2:27:04public services and Brexit. The only party which recognises the world has
2:27:04 > 2:27:12changed these last ten years. And, no, we cannot continue with widening
2:27:12 > 2:27:14elite -- inequality, deregulation of industry and privatisation of public
2:27:14 > 2:27:21services. We are in a country with Tory run councils collapsing because
2:27:21 > 2:27:25of cuts, where homeless people are dying on the streets. In the shadow
2:27:25 > 2:27:30of Parliament. Good jobs are being lost because we have a Government
2:27:30 > 2:27:36who will not get a grip on the casino economy. In or out of the
2:27:36 > 2:27:42European Union, we have to deal with that reality, the reality of market
2:27:42 > 2:27:52failure and austerity. Free-market has not worked in the banking
2:27:52 > 2:27:55sector, water industry, energy utilities and has crashed in
2:27:55 > 2:28:01outsourcing. It has failed our fragmented railways and has led to a
2:28:01 > 2:28:06labour market where abuse is rife. The European Union is not the root
2:28:06 > 2:28:11of all our problems and leaving it will not solve all of our problems
2:28:11 > 2:28:15who is likewise, the EU is not the source of all enlightenment and
2:28:15 > 2:28:19leaving it does not inevitably spell doom. Some will tell you Brexit is a
2:28:19 > 2:28:23disaster for this country and some will say it will create a land of
2:28:23 > 2:28:27milk and honey. The truth is more down to earth, it is in our hands.
2:28:27 > 2:28:33It is what we make of it, together, the priorities and choices we make
2:28:33 > 2:28:38in negotiations. The Conservatives are damaging our country and their
2:28:38 > 2:28:42priorities for Brexit risk increasing and exacerbating the
2:28:42 > 2:28:48damage. I also know what a Labour Government could do for this
2:28:48 > 2:28:53country. Our priorities for Brexit negotiations are the right ones - to
2:28:53 > 2:28:58create a country that works, really does work, for the many, not the
2:28:58 > 2:29:03few. Thank you very much. APPLAUSE
2:29:14 > 2:29:24Applause for Jeremy Corbyn's speech in Coventry. Local MP beside him. We
2:29:24 > 2:29:27are expecting a question and answer session at which we will bring life
2:29:27 > 2:29:39to you.We will do the questions in groups. We should have roving
2:29:39 > 2:29:46microphones. Two on the go. The gentleman with the glasses.
2:29:46 > 2:29:53Fantastic. Channel 4 News. In a customs agreement, if you went into
2:29:53 > 2:29:57one, please say you have might just be a right to be heard, not a right
2:29:57 > 2:30:07to a vote for a veto. Would you live with that?Say that again.Is it the
2:30:07 > 2:30:13microphone? If you go into a customs agreement, you might just have a
2:30:13 > 2:30:19right to be heard, not a right to a vote of veto on any trade agreements
2:30:19 > 2:30:24the EU might have. Could you live with that? You point out it has been
2:30:24 > 2:30:2820 months since the referendum. You say the Tories have been playing
2:30:28 > 2:30:32politics. Why have you suddenly now come round to the idea of a customs
2:30:32 > 2:30:36agreement? Some people might think you have got a political game on
2:30:36 > 2:30:37your mind.
2:30:43 > 2:30:52The ladies sat doubtlessly blue dress on, a little further along.
2:30:52 > 2:30:56Someone pointed out a number of European countries spend more on
2:30:56 > 2:31:00state aid per head than the UK and also Scandinavian style economies
2:31:00 > 2:31:05are possible within the single market because they exist, what
2:31:05 > 2:31:09specific Labour policies do you hope to implement that you believe
2:31:09 > 2:31:15requires an exemption from those single market rules?One more from
2:31:15 > 2:31:21this site, the gentleman with the lovely blue jumper there.
2:31:21 > 2:31:26Thank you. Nick Watts, BBC Newsnight. It is often said because
2:31:26 > 2:31:33we do not see you at these set piece interventions and Brexit very often
2:31:33 > 2:31:38you are keen for Theresa May to own a Brexit's success or failure but in
2:31:38 > 2:31:43the last week you raised it at Prime Minister's Questions and here we are
2:31:43 > 2:31:49today. I am wondering if you see an opportunity to shape Brexit or an
2:31:49 > 2:31:56opportunity to ship out Theresa May? Well, I love your blue sweater, it's
2:31:56 > 2:32:04very nice. We have a team, I know it's a bit of
2:32:04 > 2:32:10a difficult concept for the Tory party to understand, we have a team,
2:32:10 > 2:32:14are Brexit negotiating team, the Shadow Cabinet, and we have
2:32:14 > 2:32:18travelled far and wide. I have travelled over many parts of Europe,
2:32:18 > 2:32:23maintained a very close relationship with colleagues in Europe and
2:32:23 > 2:32:29developed that understanding because we want an alliance in the future. I
2:32:29 > 2:32:33have attended more meetings of the party of European Socialists that
2:32:33 > 2:32:37any Labour leader in the past and our team is part of that. I raised
2:32:37 > 2:32:41these matters with the Prime Minister at question Time last week,
2:32:41 > 2:32:47and you would have heard all that. And we will continue making these
2:32:47 > 2:32:53interventions. Listen, it was only two weeks or so after the referendum
2:32:53 > 2:32:59in 2016 and Burnham, then our Shadow Home Secretary before becoming the
2:32:59 > 2:33:04mayor of greater Manchester, proposed an amendment to Parliament
2:33:04 > 2:33:08resolution to Parliament to guarantee EU citizens rights of
2:33:08 > 2:33:12residency in Britain. We have been on this since the very beginning, of
2:33:12 > 2:33:17the late with the consequences of the decision. -- of dealing with the
2:33:17 > 2:33:25consequences. On the points from the Guardian journalist, the issues are
2:33:25 > 2:33:33of competition rules and are of the rules on state aid. For example, the
2:33:33 > 2:33:37nationalisation of RBS, in order to accommodate European rules, was
2:33:37 > 2:33:42accompanied by the selling off of some of the best part of RBS and the
2:33:42 > 2:33:47public was left with the remainder. Royal Mail is a natural monopoly,
2:33:47 > 2:33:52mail delivery is a natural monopoly. I do not agree with or accept the
2:33:52 > 2:33:57idea there has to be competition in mail delivery, we all have one
2:33:57 > 2:34:00letterbox and it's much more efficient to have one postal
2:34:00 > 2:34:05delivery person coming down the street rather than different ones
2:34:05 > 2:34:10from competing companies. The idea of competition in water supply is a
2:34:10 > 2:34:15little odd when only one water pipe goes to each house. The idea
2:34:15 > 2:34:19competition rules work for the benefit of all we do not believe to
2:34:19 > 2:34:23be the case and we set out in our manifesto is received a huge degree
2:34:23 > 2:34:28of support, was public ownership of water and a meal and train operating
2:34:28 > 2:34:35companies. The point raised by Channel 4, I set it out in the
2:34:35 > 2:34:40speech, what we want to achieve and what we will achieve is our right to
2:34:40 > 2:34:47be able to negotiate and consults at the same time with the EU on the
2:34:47 > 2:34:50sort of trade agreements we make and also confront them on the sort of
2:34:50 > 2:34:55trade deal made with the rest of the world. For example, you trade
2:34:55 > 2:34:59agreements have a human rights clause in them, very seldom
2:34:59 > 2:35:06enforced, they also have what I hoped would be much stronger clauses
2:35:06 > 2:35:10on workers' rights and opportunities in third World countries or
2:35:10 > 2:35:15non-European countries from which gives an important. I would want to
2:35:15 > 2:35:18see those things stronger and we would be committed to that. Does
2:35:18 > 2:35:25that mean we have to be passive? No, come we are a large economy and
2:35:25 > 2:35:30important part of the world trade system and we would negotiate to
2:35:30 > 2:35:33achieve that and Barry has clearly set the Stoke in many directives in
2:35:33 > 2:35:45Parliament. -- set this out. That is a strange question because I
2:35:45 > 2:35:50spent a lot of time travelling around the country doing campaigning
2:35:50 > 2:35:53meetings and the issues are a Brexit come up all the time and we thought
2:35:53 > 2:36:01it would be helpful to set out our reviews here today.
2:36:01 > 2:36:14Any more questions? The lady in a blue dress.You mentioned about the
2:36:14 > 2:36:17automotive industry in Coventry, Jaguar Land Rover last week said
2:36:17 > 2:36:22they would suffer dire consequences from Brexit and thousands losing
2:36:22 > 2:36:27their jobs. What do you say to that and would Europe plan reassure them
2:36:27 > 2:36:32of those fears? -- and Woods Europe plan.
2:36:36 > 2:36:42Jeremy Corbyn, you spoke of the need to maintain a softer border in
2:36:42 > 2:36:45Northern Ireland and you admitted staying in the customs union would
2:36:45 > 2:36:52only help that game but the EU repeatedly said the only way to
2:36:52 > 2:36:56guarantee no higher order would staying in the single market. Are
2:36:56 > 2:37:01you saying they are wrong with that or would you countenance the idea of
2:37:01 > 2:37:06staying in the single market?The gentleman further back with the
2:37:06 > 2:37:16trendy beard.That was the new campaign group formed in a few weeks
2:37:16 > 2:37:19ago, a youth campaign group and their main purpose was to persuade
2:37:19 > 2:37:25you to back a second referendum on a membership of the EU. You believe in
2:37:25 > 2:37:30the power of grassroots campaigns, is there any chance they could ever
2:37:30 > 2:37:38change your mind on this? On the question of jobs in Coventry,
2:37:38 > 2:37:43yes, Coventry is a manufacturing centre, research Centre and is part
2:37:43 > 2:37:47of the whole West Midlands industrial strength and clearly that
2:37:47 > 2:37:53relies very heavily on trade with Europe as this university relies on
2:37:53 > 2:37:57overseas students, not just from Europe but all over. I want to
2:37:57 > 2:38:04protect those jobs and to ensure the universities can carry on recruiting
2:38:04 > 2:38:08large numbers of overseas students and likewise I also want to make
2:38:08 > 2:38:14sure UK students do not go into debt in order to get an education. Our
2:38:14 > 2:38:17proposals are we have that effective trading relationship with Europe and
2:38:17 > 2:38:23I think what we have said all to be good news for people in Coventry and
2:38:23 > 2:38:31in the West Midlands. On the question of the border with Northern
2:38:31 > 2:38:37Ireland, we are a very, very clear at the Good Friday Agreement was an
2:38:37 > 2:38:41enormous step forward in which both traditions in Northern Ireland and
2:38:41 > 2:38:45across the island of Ireland were respected and that historic movement
2:38:45 > 2:38:50came because of very brave people being prepared to negotiate it.
2:38:50 > 2:38:54Nobody wants to lose that and every meeting I have been to in Brussels
2:38:54 > 2:39:01and anywhere else, the border issue comes up. That means there has to be
2:39:01 > 2:39:07a customs union that guarantees no border between the Republic of
2:39:07 > 2:39:10Ireland and Northern Ireland. That is our priority and we have made
2:39:10 > 2:39:17that very clear time and time again. On the question of decision on the
2:39:17 > 2:39:21outcome, what we pushed for is a number of red lines in the House of
2:39:21 > 2:39:27Commons, one of which is the points clear star has made many times,
2:39:27 > 2:39:33there should be a meaningful vote in Parliament on the final deal, as
2:39:33 > 2:39:39there will be a decision made by the 27 member states in the EU plus the
2:39:39 > 2:39:43European Parliament. There is a lot of discussion and negotiation to go
2:39:43 > 2:39:47on and we are not doing negotiations but we are setting out what we would
2:39:47 > 2:39:52do if we were in office. We are not proposing a second referendum what
2:39:52 > 2:39:56we are proposing is the final meaningful vote in parliament.Let
2:39:56 > 2:40:05mix it up, haven't we got any non-journalists who want to ask a
2:40:05 > 2:40:15question? The lady with the blonde hair.I want to say, please, will
2:40:15 > 2:40:18you hurry up and be our Prime Minister.
2:40:18 > 2:40:24APPLAUSE .
2:40:27 > 2:40:33We have time for another two questions. The gentleman there.
2:40:33 > 2:40:47Following on from that, with this new shift in policy, is it your
2:40:47 > 2:40:53hope, your intention, that Labour MPs will now be able to join with
2:40:53 > 2:40:56Conservative rebels, defeated the Government and parliament and maybe
2:40:56 > 2:41:04precipitates an election?One more before we go home. I will go for
2:41:04 > 2:41:10that side, gentleman with the glasses and the beard.
2:41:10 > 2:41:17Thank you. In Coventry we have got an issue, the police shortage on the
2:41:17 > 2:41:29streets. My war which I represent -- my ward. It is up and down the
2:41:29 > 2:41:32country, police are starved of resources. There's the possibility
2:41:32 > 2:41:37labour can look into it and make sure there is adequate policing on
2:41:37 > 2:41:41the streets and no vigilantes on streets?
2:41:41 > 2:41:47Thanks for the last question, I will answer the other two. We pledge to
2:41:47 > 2:41:53increase police numbers by 10000 and 10,000 more officers there. I was
2:41:53 > 2:41:57with David Jamieson on Saturday, the police and crime commission in
2:41:57 > 2:42:01Stourbridge, and we were talking to police officers and community. They
2:42:01 > 2:42:09are losing their PCS alls, as are other parts of the country. So that
2:42:09 > 2:42:13sense of cooperation between police and citizens is lost and police only
2:42:13 > 2:42:18come in when there is a major crime or dire emergency and that is not a
2:42:18 > 2:42:22good way forward. If we are to deal with anti-social behaviour,
2:42:22 > 2:42:27low-level abuse, high level abuse, knife crime and serious issues like
2:42:27 > 2:42:31that, you do not achieve it by reducing police numbers, you cannot
2:42:31 > 2:42:39solve it all at a computer. It is only achieved by PSCOs who
2:42:39 > 2:42:43understand the community and are on the streets. I was in Great Yarmouth
2:42:43 > 2:42:47last week and spent some time talking to two local police officers
2:42:47 > 2:42:52who had been in the same area for ten years, they knew everybody in
2:42:52 > 2:42:55the community, they knew all the strains and stresses and were able
2:42:55 > 2:43:00to relate to that community and the community related to them. The
2:43:00 > 2:43:04points they made an effort that makes, if you cut police numbers,
2:43:04 > 2:43:14close youth clubs, this method use workers, -- this method -- dismiss
2:43:14 > 2:43:17youth workers, is it surprising you end up with more and more
2:43:17 > 2:43:24anti-social behaviour and more and more levels of crime: us -- we are
2:43:24 > 2:43:30saying it is a false economy to cut police numbers and we would invest
2:43:30 > 2:43:33in the community infrastructure providers. That is why we're the
2:43:33 > 2:43:37local election and why austerity is so wrong.
2:43:37 > 2:43:43APPLAUSE Thank you for your question, Andy
2:43:43 > 2:43:47we're putting our views to Parliament, we are not in a
2:43:47 > 2:43:54majority, we have our results and we are determined to win the next
2:43:54 > 2:43:58election whenever it comes. We are fighting to protect jobs,
2:43:58 > 2:44:03protect living standards, consumer rights, environmental standards and
2:44:03 > 2:44:09above all, the rights people have at work. I try to set out what I
2:44:09 > 2:44:14believe is the more global view all our place in the world than that set
2:44:14 > 2:44:19out by the Tories. There is no future in turning this country into
2:44:19 > 2:44:26a xenophobic offshore island that sees everybody as a rival. No, we
2:44:26 > 2:44:30are open, multicultural and multilingual society, let's achieve
2:44:30 > 2:44:36that and also say to people in every community that a Labour Government
2:44:36 > 2:44:41will not let your industries disappear and be replaced by nothing
2:44:41 > 2:44:47other than short-term, insecure, zero-hours contract type work. We
2:44:47 > 2:44:51are serious, very serious about investing in every community in the
2:44:51 > 2:44:57country. Surely the political class should learn a lesson from the
2:44:57 > 2:45:02referendum result, that sense of anger at left behind communities. We
2:45:02 > 2:45:07will not walk by on the other side and let towns and cities dive for
2:45:07 > 2:45:12the lack of investment, it is our duty to achieve something very
2:45:12 > 2:45:15different and, yes, we are campaigning very hard all over the
2:45:15 > 2:45:19country to when local elections and then a general election when it
2:45:19 > 2:45:23comes and so you will get a Labour Government that way. Is that OK?
2:45:23 > 2:45:31APPLAUSE .
2:45:32 > 2:45:41Thank you everybody. Safe journey to wherever you are heading. Contact