14/03/2018

0:00:10 > 0:00:13I don't have much positive things to say about Motor Neurone disease

0:00:13 > 0:00:16but it taught me not to pity myself and to get on with

0:00:16 > 0:00:18what I still could do.

0:00:18 > 0:00:19I'm happier now than before

0:00:19 > 0:00:25I developed the condition.

0:00:25 > 0:00:28'A brilliant and extraordinary mind - one of the great

0:00:28 > 0:00:32scientists of his generation' - one of thousands of tributes to

0:00:32 > 0:00:35Professor Stephen Hawking, world-famous for his ground-breaking

0:00:35 > 0:00:37work on black holes and for re-defining perceptions

0:00:37 > 0:00:41of people with disabilities, has died at the age of 76.

0:00:41 > 0:00:44We will be looking back at the life and legacy of the most talked-about

0:00:44 > 0:00:49scientist since Einstein.

0:00:49 > 0:00:52Also - if your children go to a nursery, chances that they're

0:00:52 > 0:00:54taught by a man are incredibly slim.

0:00:54 > 0:00:55Why?

0:00:55 > 0:01:01There was a lot of stigma based on negative stories out

0:01:01 > 0:01:06there about men in childcare and, you know, just children

0:01:06 > 0:01:11being at harm and at risk and men not being able to be nurturing

0:01:11 > 0:01:17and men not being able to work with children so small.

0:01:17 > 0:01:21We've been exploring why men are so unlikely

0:01:21 > 0:01:24to join the profession - why that's bad for our children

0:01:24 > 0:01:26and we have exclusive details on what is being recommended

0:01:26 > 0:01:27to reverse the trend.

0:01:27 > 0:01:29And Mr Twinkle Toes, ballroom star Len Goodman,

0:01:29 > 0:01:31is with us this morning.

0:01:31 > 0:01:33We will be talking about Strictly and the campaign he's spearheading

0:01:33 > 0:01:41to try to stop over 60s falling victim to bank scams.

0:01:47 > 0:01:53Good morning, welcome to our programme.

0:01:53 > 0:01:57If you have a disability we want to hear from you this morning, how

0:01:57 > 0:02:01Professor Steven Hawking inspired you. So significant how he

0:02:01 > 0:02:04approached his motor neurone disease, did his attitude towards

0:02:04 > 0:02:08his disability affecting a positive way the way that you approached

0:02:08 > 0:02:12yours? We would love to talk to you on the programme in the second hour

0:02:12 > 0:02:16of the programme today. Send me an e-mail, message as on Facebook or

0:02:16 > 0:02:25use WhatsApp. Of course, that's our top story today.

0:02:25 > 0:02:27Britain's most famous scientist, Professor Stephen Hawking,

0:02:27 > 0:02:28has died at the age of 76.

0:02:28 > 0:02:30Hawking's fame came largely from his best-selling book,

0:02:30 > 0:02:32"A Brief History of Time" which outlined his theories

0:02:32 > 0:02:40about the universe.

0:02:41 > 0:02:43He had a brilliant career despite being diagnosed with motor

0:02:43 > 0:02:46neurone disease in 1964 and being told he had just

0:02:46 > 0:02:47a few years to live.

0:02:47 > 0:02:49Within the past few minutes, Theresa May has described him

0:02:49 > 0:02:52as "one of the great scientists of his generation, whose courage,

0:02:52 > 0:02:54humour and determination to get the most from life

0:02:54 > 0:02:55was an inspiration".

0:02:55 > 0:02:59Nick Higham reports.

0:02:59 > 0:03:04He was instantly recognisable and utterly remarkable.

0:03:04 > 0:03:07The visionary scientist, helpless in his high-tech

0:03:07 > 0:03:08wheelchair, who nonetheless transformed our view

0:03:08 > 0:03:11of the universe.

0:03:11 > 0:03:14While a student, he developed the first signs of motor neurone

0:03:14 > 0:03:16disease.

0:03:16 > 0:03:21Gradually his body shut down until he could communicate only

0:03:21 > 0:03:22using a computerised voice synthesiser, controlled,

0:03:22 > 0:03:24to start with, by hand.

0:03:24 > 0:03:29It didn't hold him back.

0:03:29 > 0:03:32I was never actually told that I had only two years to live,

0:03:32 > 0:03:40but I could see the doctors didn't think my prospects were good.

0:03:41 > 0:03:43His fame sprang from his book, A Brief History of Time.

0:03:43 > 0:03:44It sold 10 million copies.

0:03:44 > 0:03:47But though many bought it, rather fewer actually read it.

0:03:47 > 0:03:49His theories about time, space and black holes

0:03:49 > 0:03:50were stupendously difficult for non-specialists to grasp,

0:03:50 > 0:03:58but he turned out to have a genius for communication.

0:03:58 > 0:04:00He gave lectures and interviews, and became an unlikely celebrity.

0:04:00 > 0:04:05His private life was complicated.

0:04:05 > 0:04:07With his first wife, Jane, he had three children and she looked

0:04:07 > 0:04:10after him until, in 1990, he left her for his nurse,

0:04:10 > 0:04:11Elaine.

0:04:11 > 0:04:13They eventually married, only for claims to emerge that Hawking

0:04:13 > 0:04:15had been physically abused.

0:04:15 > 0:04:17Police investigated, but the case was dropped

0:04:17 > 0:04:18for lack of evidence.

0:04:18 > 0:04:23The couple later divorced.

0:04:23 > 0:04:26Too often we are told that these are stupid questions to ask,

0:04:26 > 0:04:29but this is said by grown-ups who don't know the answers...

0:04:29 > 0:04:32He never lost his sense of humour.

0:04:32 > 0:04:35Though by the end, he could only speak by twitching his cheek to move

0:04:35 > 0:04:37an infrared beam.

0:04:37 > 0:04:41I don't have much positive to say about motor neurone disease,

0:04:41 > 0:04:44but it taught me not to pity myself and to get

0:04:44 > 0:04:47on with what I still could do.

0:04:47 > 0:04:52I'm happier now than before I developed the condition.

0:04:52 > 0:04:55In 2014, his life was dramatised in The Theory of Everything,

0:04:55 > 0:04:56with Eddie Redmayne playing Hawking.

0:04:56 > 0:04:59..To see what happened at the beginning of time itself.

0:04:59 > 0:05:03Stephen, here you are.

0:05:03 > 0:05:06At Cambridge, they unveiled a statue of him, a rare honour

0:05:06 > 0:05:09for someone still living.

0:05:09 > 0:05:12But few did more to transform our understanding of the universe

0:05:12 > 0:05:19and to overcome personal challenges.

0:05:19 > 0:05:22We will talk much more about Steven Hawking through the programme this

0:05:22 > 0:05:23morning.

0:05:23 > 0:05:26Joanna Gosling is in the BBC Newsroom with a summary

0:05:26 > 0:05:27of the rest of the days news.

0:05:27 > 0:05:30Theresa May is expected to announce sanctions against Russia

0:05:30 > 0:05:32after the Kremlin failed to explain their role in a chemical

0:05:32 > 0:05:35attack in Salisbury.

0:05:35 > 0:05:37Last night, the Russian Embassy hinted that the expulsion

0:05:37 > 0:05:39of its diplomats from London would have an impact on their

0:05:39 > 0:05:40British counterparts in Moscow.

0:05:40 > 0:05:43Jane-Frances Kelly reports.

0:05:43 > 0:05:45It began as an attack on the streets of Salisbury.

0:05:45 > 0:05:47The poisoning of a former Russian intelligence officer

0:05:47 > 0:05:50and his daughter.

0:05:50 > 0:05:55But there is now diplomatic deadlock between Britain and Moscow.

0:05:55 > 0:05:58I'm standing outside the Russian embassy here in London

0:05:58 > 0:06:02and the midnight deadline has just passed.

0:06:02 > 0:06:05The only reaction the British government has got from the Russians

0:06:05 > 0:06:07so far are angry denials and the threat of retaliatory action

0:06:07 > 0:06:13if they take measures against Moscow.

0:06:13 > 0:06:15They've also helpfully got a screen outside here that

0:06:15 > 0:06:21shows their Twitter feed, and on it they say:

0:06:28 > 0:06:30The Russian Foreign Minister, Sergey Lavrov, has objected to only

0:06:30 > 0:06:33being given 24 hours to respond to the claim Russia used

0:06:33 > 0:06:35a chemical weapon.

0:06:35 > 0:06:38Russia should get ten days, he said, accusing Britain of flouncing

0:06:38 > 0:06:42the chemical weapons convention.

0:06:42 > 0:06:45Meanwhile, in Salisbury, painstaking work continues.

0:06:45 > 0:06:48Police are appealing for witnesses who might have seen Sergei

0:06:48 > 0:06:53and Yulia Skripal in their red BMW car on the day they were poisoned.

0:06:53 > 0:06:56Separately a number of deaths are also being reinvestigated

0:06:56 > 0:07:01by police and MI5 after claims of Russian involvement.

0:07:01 > 0:07:05They include a man in his 60s found dead in New Maldon on Monday,

0:07:05 > 0:07:10who is believed to be Russian businessman Nikolai Glushkov,

0:07:10 > 0:07:12a friend of Boris Berezovsky, who was found hanged

0:07:12 > 0:07:14in his home in 2013.

0:07:14 > 0:07:17This morning Theresa May will be briefed by her national security

0:07:17 > 0:07:19council before going to Parliament, where she's expected to announce

0:07:19 > 0:07:23a series of measures against Russia.

0:07:23 > 0:07:29Jane-Frances Kelly, BBC News.

0:07:29 > 0:07:32Let's talk to our assistant political editor Norman Smith...

0:07:32 > 0:07:36Is it clear what those measures are likely to be?We know the range that

0:07:36 > 0:07:42Theresa May is thought to be looking out, they include expelling Russian

0:07:42 > 0:07:48diplomats based in London after the murder of Alexander Litvinenko four

0:07:48 > 0:07:51diplomats were expelled, so I think we can expect considerably more to

0:07:51 > 0:07:56be booted out this time. There are also likely to be acid freezes,

0:07:56 > 0:08:01travel bans on those closely associated with President Putin. And

0:08:01 > 0:08:11some suggestions that perhaps the broadcasting licence for RTE may be

0:08:11 > 0:08:14revoked, I think that is less likely, it would be a gift for

0:08:14 > 0:08:19President Putin in propaganda terms of he was able to say that the West

0:08:19 > 0:08:23was shutting down Russian broadcasters and he has threatened

0:08:23 > 0:08:26to retaliate against British media in Russia but the key is a more

0:08:26 > 0:08:32long-term range of measures which will require international backing

0:08:32 > 0:08:37from organisations like the EU, also looking to America. Or at an further

0:08:37 > 0:08:42sanctions. That may take an awful lot longer to put in place. Although

0:08:42 > 0:08:45following phone calls would Boris Johnson and Theresa May and a number

0:08:45 > 0:08:50of international leaders, they have expressed support and there have

0:08:50 > 0:08:55been expressions of solidarity mailing them down to specific

0:08:55 > 0:09:00commitments, that may be harder and more time-consuming to put in place

0:09:00 > 0:09:03-- mailing them down.

0:09:03 > 0:09:06The government is to spend £50 million on trying to raise racial

0:09:06 > 0:09:09and religious tensions.

0:09:09 > 0:09:12It is one of a number of proposals in the government's integrated

0:09:12 > 0:09:14communities strategy, which is to be published more

0:09:14 > 0:09:17than a year after an independent review found the country had become

0:09:17 > 0:09:18more divided as it had become diverse.

0:09:18 > 0:09:20Here's our Home Editor, Mark Easton.

0:09:20 > 0:09:2517 years after race riots in Bradford, an official report

0:09:25 > 0:09:27warned of highly segregated communities where people led

0:09:27 > 0:09:30parallel lives, the city will now be named among five places in England

0:09:30 > 0:09:37that must adopt an integration plan.

0:09:37 > 0:09:39The others Waltham Forest in London, Peterborough, Walsall and Blackburn,

0:09:39 > 0:09:45all areas with a history of racial and ethnic tensions.

0:09:45 > 0:09:4712 years ago, Blackburn was highlighted as suffering

0:09:47 > 0:09:50from deep segregation between white and Asian communities.

0:09:50 > 0:09:52To reduce tensions, teenagers were bussed in from other

0:09:52 > 0:09:55schools to integrate.

0:09:55 > 0:09:58Pupils from a 99% white secondary school made to meet

0:09:58 > 0:10:02pupils from a 95% nonwhite secondary across town.

0:10:02 > 0:10:06Today's strategy suggests more schemes like this.

0:10:06 > 0:10:08It also proposes some extra support for English-language classes,

0:10:08 > 0:10:11state provision has halved in the last few years,

0:10:11 > 0:10:17new targeted help to improve economic opportunities for people

0:10:17 > 0:10:19in segregated communities, particularly women,

0:10:19 > 0:10:25and the promotion of pluralistic British values by teachers.

0:10:25 > 0:10:27The strategy is the latest in a long line of government initiatives

0:10:27 > 0:10:29to try and deal with one of Britain's most sensitive

0:10:29 > 0:10:30and enduring social challenges.

0:10:30 > 0:10:33Mark Easton, BBC News.

0:10:33 > 0:10:37Around a third of NHS clinics and a quarter of private ones

0:10:37 > 0:10:39offering breast implant surgery in England have not sent any patient

0:10:39 > 0:10:46data to a national safety registry.

0:10:46 > 0:10:48NHS Digital set up the service in 2016 to safeguard

0:10:48 > 0:10:50patients after the PIP scandal, when thousands of women

0:10:50 > 0:10:52received faulty implants.

0:10:52 > 0:10:54Women who have had surgery are now being urged to make

0:10:54 > 0:10:59sure their details are added to the register.

0:10:59 > 0:11:02The creators of The Crown have admitted Claire Foy who portrays

0:11:02 > 0:11:07the Queen was paid less than her male counterpart.

0:11:07 > 0:11:10Matt Smith's portrayal of a young Duke of Edinburgh earned him more

0:11:10 > 0:11:12than Foy's Golden Globe-winning performance as Queen Elizabeth

0:11:12 > 0:11:16in the Netflix drama.

0:11:16 > 0:11:18The show's producers said Smith's previous starring role

0:11:18 > 0:11:22in Doctor Who meant he was paid more than his co-star.

0:11:22 > 0:11:25The University of Mosul, in Iraq - which was left in ruins

0:11:25 > 0:11:28by Islamic State militants - is to begin re-stocking its library,

0:11:28 > 0:11:30with new books donated from the UK.

0:11:30 > 0:11:36It's believed that well over 100,000 manuscripts were destroyed

0:11:36 > 0:11:37or looted during the IS occupation.

0:11:37 > 0:11:41A lecturer told the BBC he was so happy when the books

0:11:41 > 0:11:45arrived from Britain, he danced.

0:11:45 > 0:11:50That's a summary of the latest BBC News, more at 9:30am.

0:11:50 > 0:11:53Thank you. Thank you for your messages about Professor Steven

0:11:53 > 0:11:56Hawking. We will focus on all areas of his

0:11:56 > 0:12:01life today, his brilliant scientific mind, the theoretical physics

0:12:01 > 0:12:06breakthroughs and how he approached his disability. Luke says that how

0:12:06 > 0:12:10he inspired him was to never give up and not focus on what you cannot do

0:12:10 > 0:12:15but what you can. Another says that Steven Hawking was

0:12:15 > 0:12:19a great advocate for the NHS and will be sorely missed, and another

0:12:19 > 0:12:23says that he is an inspirational role model as to what can be

0:12:23 > 0:12:25achieved with someone with a disability. His determination and

0:12:25 > 0:12:31focus to keep going and keep achieving professionally. Respect

0:12:31 > 0:12:36and RIP. Thank you for those.

0:12:36 > 0:12:44Time for a look at the sport. A disappointing night for Manchester

0:12:44 > 0:12:46United?

0:12:46 > 0:12:48More than disappointing - their opposition last night Sevilla

0:12:48 > 0:12:51had more shots on goal than any team to visit Old Trafford

0:12:51 > 0:12:58since the great Real Madrid a full five years ago...

0:12:58 > 0:13:01And the manner of defeat has really hurt the Manchester United fans -

0:13:01 > 0:13:03a tradition of arrogant, effective attacking football has

0:13:03 > 0:13:06diminished in the past four or five years but this performance may well

0:13:06 > 0:13:08be worse than anything they saw under David Moyes

0:13:08 > 0:13:11or Louis Van Gaal - there was a severe lack of urgency

0:13:11 > 0:13:14and watching Jose Mourinho's team, you really wouldn't have known

0:13:14 > 0:13:18a place in the Champions League was at stake...

0:13:18 > 0:13:22The tie was poised at 0-0 after the first leg in Spain,

0:13:22 > 0:13:24but with away goals counting double, United looked like they

0:13:24 > 0:13:26really hadn't realised.

0:13:26 > 0:13:29Sevilla took control by scoring a crucial away goal with less

0:13:29 > 0:13:33than 20 minutes left.

0:13:33 > 0:13:36The Spanish side put the tie to bed with a second soon afterwards,

0:13:36 > 0:13:38with Wissam Ben Yedder's second.

0:13:38 > 0:13:40If they weren't angry enough, Manchester United fans won't be

0:13:40 > 0:13:42overly happy with Jose Mourinho's comments after the match...

0:13:42 > 0:13:51I sit in this chair twice in the Champions League. And I walk out

0:13:51 > 0:13:55with Manchester United at home at Old Trafford. I sit in this chair

0:13:55 > 0:14:01with Real Madrid, Manchester United out... So I do not think it is

0:14:01 > 0:14:07something new for the club. Of course, being Manchester United

0:14:07 > 0:14:13manager, and losing the Champions League tie at home, that is

0:14:13 > 0:14:18devastating.

0:14:23 > 0:14:27The Chelsea game tonight is poised at 1-1. They have not been beaten on

0:14:27 > 0:14:33their last four fizzes away to beat Barcelona at the Nou Camp.

0:14:33 > 0:14:35And at the Winter Paralympics there has been another medal for Great

0:14:35 > 0:14:39Britain?

0:14:39 > 0:14:41Yes, things going very well for ParalympicsGB out in Pyeongchang

0:14:41 > 0:14:43and especially for skiiers Menna Fitzpatrick

0:14:43 > 0:14:44and guide Jen Kehoe.

0:14:44 > 0:14:47They've won their third medal at the Games after finishing second

0:14:47 > 0:14:51in the women's visually impaired giant slalom...

0:14:51 > 0:14:59It wasn't the best day for GB's other entrants, Kelly Gallagher and

0:14:59 > 0:15:04her guide, Millie Knight and Brett Wild incident. But the medal tally

0:15:04 > 0:15:12is at five so far in South Korea. They are nearly at the target of

0:15:12 > 0:15:18seven set by UK Sport.

0:15:18 > 0:15:21Well, the beast from the east has left Cheltenham racecourse with some

0:15:21 > 0:15:24very heavy ground underfoot - it made for hard work for the horses

0:15:24 > 0:15:28and jockey's on the opening day at the Festival but there was no

0:15:28 > 0:15:29dampening of spirits...

0:15:29 > 0:15:31In fact, the sun was shining as Buveur D'Air took

0:15:31 > 0:15:32the big race on day one...

0:15:32 > 0:15:35The Nicky Henderson trained horse was the odds-on favourite

0:15:35 > 0:15:38going into the Champion Hurdle, but he and jockey Barry Geraghty

0:15:38 > 0:15:41were pushed all the way by the seven to one shot Melon,

0:15:41 > 0:15:43winning by barely a neck on the line.

0:15:43 > 0:15:45It means Buveaur D'Air retains his title and gives

0:15:45 > 0:15:50Henderson his seventh winner in the race.

0:15:50 > 0:15:53The Queen Mother Champion Chase is the feature race today -

0:15:53 > 0:15:55Altior is the favourite - another Nicky Henderson horse.

0:15:55 > 0:16:03Coverage with John Inverdale on the team 5live from 1pm.

0:16:09 > 0:16:11Thank you very much, for the moment.

0:16:11 > 0:16:14If your child is under 5 - the chances of a man

0:16:14 > 0:16:15teaching them are very slim.

0:16:15 > 0:16:18The numbers of men working as early years teachers has always been low.

0:16:18 > 0:16:21In fact, for the last 20 years, it's been around 2% of the total

0:16:21 > 0:16:22workforce in the sector.

0:16:22 > 0:16:25There are currently around 25,000 job vacancies and the Government has

0:16:25 > 0:16:28recognised how important men in early years can be

0:16:28 > 0:16:31to the children they teach.

0:16:31 > 0:16:33Efforts have been made by small groups across the country

0:16:33 > 0:16:36to increase those numbers, and our reporter Chris Hemmings has

0:16:36 > 0:16:38been given exclusive access to proposals being drawn up

0:16:38 > 0:16:46to advise the Government on how they can help.

0:16:52 > 0:16:53MUSIC

0:16:53 > 0:16:54What one?

0:16:54 > 0:16:55Where is your puppet one?

0:16:55 > 0:16:59If you send your child to a nursery, chances are the don't have

0:16:59 > 0:17:06a male teacher.

0:17:06 > 0:17:09A lot of men don't see it as a man's job, you know?

0:17:09 > 0:17:12And a lot of men are not aware that the role actually exists.

0:17:12 > 0:17:15There's about 400,000 early years educators in the UK, and about 98%

0:17:15 > 0:17:16of those are female.

0:17:16 > 0:17:18Many people think they will just be average

0:17:18 > 0:17:19baby-sitting, kind of thing.

0:17:19 > 0:17:24But what they actually learn from the

0:17:24 > 0:17:26early years really sets them up for life.

0:17:26 > 0:17:28Men are not being encouraged into the profession.

0:17:28 > 0:17:30And when they do take jobs, they still face

0:17:30 > 0:17:31prejudices.

0:17:31 > 0:17:35Because I was a man, it wouldn't be appropriate for me to

0:17:35 > 0:17:37work in early years because of safeguarding concerns, they were

0:17:37 > 0:17:40worried particularly what the parents might think.

0:17:40 > 0:17:42The government said they need help addressing the

0:17:42 > 0:17:50problem and a task force was set up to advise them.

0:17:52 > 0:17:54We've been given exclusive access to what the

0:17:54 > 0:17:58government is being urged to do.

0:17:58 > 0:18:06Well done, give yourselves a clap.

0:18:08 > 0:18:10Jamal Campbell is a rarity.

0:18:10 > 0:18:12He's a member of the London early years

0:18:12 > 0:18:15foundation, and part of the just 2% of the teaching bid teachers under

0:18:15 > 0:18:16five who are male.

0:18:16 > 0:18:18He started teaching 16 years ago, and is still

0:18:18 > 0:18:21frustrated by how little status is given to his job.

0:18:21 > 0:18:24We deserve more.

0:18:24 > 0:18:32We deserve more because it is such an important profession, you know,

0:18:35 > 0:18:38people are entrusting their precious, their babies to us to

0:18:38 > 0:18:40care for them, and teach them and nurture them.

0:18:40 > 0:18:42You know, we spend more time with their children than

0:18:42 > 0:18:43they do.

0:18:43 > 0:18:46And we're helping them so when they go to primary school, when

0:18:46 > 0:18:54they go to secondary school, they've got the tools.

0:18:57 > 0:19:01So, what do you think it is that puts men off coming into

0:19:01 > 0:19:02the profession in the first place?

0:19:02 > 0:19:06The thing about a lot of men is a lot of them haven't tapped

0:19:06 > 0:19:08into that side of their personality yet, but I

0:19:08 > 0:19:11think what will draw people to the profession is if they had

0:19:11 > 0:19:17more knowledge about the profession, they will understand that...

0:19:17 > 0:19:20They will get to see the benefits they will have of having a balanced

0:19:20 > 0:19:21workforce, you know?

0:19:21 > 0:19:25Do you think there is a stigma attached to it?

0:19:25 > 0:19:29Yes, there is a lot of stigma based on negative stories that are out

0:19:29 > 0:19:35there about men in childcare, you know, and just children

0:19:35 > 0:19:40being at risk, men not being able to be nurturing,

0:19:40 > 0:19:43men not being able to work with children so small.

0:19:43 > 0:19:47Some children out there may not have a male

0:19:47 > 0:19:49in their home, there needs to be balance, they need

0:19:49 > 0:19:52to have that interaction.

0:19:52 > 0:19:56It breaks down the whole, you have to be macho to be a male thing.

0:19:56 > 0:19:58You know?

0:19:58 > 0:20:02It shows them that men can be silly, men can play, men can make

0:20:02 > 0:20:07jokes, men can give you a hug, you know, if you've fallen down.

0:20:07 > 0:20:10Basically we're positive role models for them and we show them a whole

0:20:10 > 0:20:17different side of this being a male thing.

0:20:17 > 0:20:20I'm going to see who's going to choose one of our songs.

0:20:20 > 0:20:21Me, me!

0:20:21 > 0:20:24I'm looking to see who's listening.

0:20:24 > 0:20:27Most nurseries in the UK are privatised, but some councils do

0:20:27 > 0:20:29still provide early years education.

0:20:29 > 0:20:32We asked each of those councils how many male nursery teachers they

0:20:32 > 0:20:36employ.

0:20:36 > 0:20:40And of the 38 who told us they still have in-house nursery

0:20:40 > 0:20:42services, 26 do not hire a single male teacher.

0:20:42 > 0:20:48So, what's putting men off?

0:20:48 > 0:20:53James is just 23 years old, and in January this year,

0:20:53 > 0:20:56parents had him removed from a class on the

0:20:56 > 0:20:58first day of his very first job.

0:20:58 > 0:21:00I had been there maybe 20 minutes,

0:21:00 > 0:21:02"I'm sorry, we need to move you.

0:21:02 > 0:21:05I'll explain in the corridor."

0:21:05 > 0:21:10And they explained that because I was a man,

0:21:10 > 0:21:16it wouldn't be appropriate for me to work in early years, basically

0:21:16 > 0:21:20because of safeguarding concerns, they were worried particularly what

0:21:20 > 0:21:28the parents might think and stuff like that.

0:21:29 > 0:21:31So I ended up being moved to Year 4.

0:21:31 > 0:21:35I was obviously shocked as you might expect, but also I had

0:21:35 > 0:21:38heard stories and rumours that this was the kind of thing you could kind

0:21:38 > 0:21:41of expect if you are a man in early years -

0:21:41 > 0:21:44there would be kind of an air of suspicion around you,

0:21:44 > 0:21:48men can't be trusted.

0:21:48 > 0:21:52It was more of a, yes, this isn't right that

0:21:52 > 0:21:55is happening to me, but it's kind of to be expected.

0:21:55 > 0:21:58That must have been heartbreaking for you.

0:21:58 > 0:22:03Yes, it was tough, I couldn't believe that after

0:22:03 > 0:22:08they had fed back to me at the end of the day really positively,

0:22:08 > 0:22:11they had then gone and said to the agency, we don't want him

0:22:11 > 0:22:14because we need to put someone in reception,

0:22:14 > 0:22:21and from what they had indicated through the conversation I had had

0:22:21 > 0:22:24at the school, it was more because I am a man,

0:22:24 > 0:22:27I couldn't have been there - but if I had been a woman,

0:22:27 > 0:22:29I would have been kept for a second day.

0:22:29 > 0:22:31Almost exactly a year ago, a government report highlighted the

0:22:31 > 0:22:34lack of gender diversity and clearly stated they wanted more men to

0:22:34 > 0:22:36choose to work in early years.

0:22:36 > 0:22:38It highlighted that more men would help

0:22:38 > 0:22:41plug the near 25,000 early years job vacancies

0:22:41 > 0:22:44and would increase the number of male role models

0:22:44 > 0:22:49for children, and also recognise that children from lone parent

0:22:49 > 0:22:51families spend very little time with men, and

0:22:51 > 0:22:54so, in their own words, male early years workers are therefore vital

0:22:54 > 0:22:58in making sure young children have quality contact time with men.

0:22:58 > 0:23:00As part of that early years strategy, the government

0:23:00 > 0:23:04set up a task force.

0:23:04 > 0:23:07Its aim was to advise them on how to improve gender diversity.

0:23:07 > 0:23:12It is chaired by David Wright, he runs

0:23:12 > 0:23:15Paint Box nurseries in Southampton, and has helped set up a network of

0:23:15 > 0:23:16men in early years across the UK.

0:23:16 > 0:23:19We do have a problem attracting good staff,

0:23:19 > 0:23:22and 50% of the population are excluded from that

0:23:22 > 0:23:28because they are not interested, they don't know

0:23:28 > 0:23:31that they are welcome and there is a career for them they are.

0:23:31 > 0:23:33So, what is stopping them?

0:23:33 > 0:23:36I think because it is mostly female staff working here,

0:23:36 > 0:23:39they do act in some sense as gatekeepers, and I think

0:23:39 > 0:23:41if you were a 16-year-old lad and you were

0:23:41 > 0:23:45looking to come and work with young children,

0:23:45 > 0:23:51you would be dissuaded by your parents, you would probably be

0:23:51 > 0:23:53dissuaded by careers advisers and teachers, and then there is

0:23:53 > 0:23:58the whole issue around your sense of masculinity - what do

0:23:58 > 0:24:02you tell your friends down the pub that you're doing?

0:24:02 > 0:24:05And you're entering into a workforce where you would be in the

0:24:05 > 0:24:07minority - and again that is isolating.

0:24:07 > 0:24:09So, the percentage of the workforce that is male has been

0:24:09 > 0:24:12about 2% for as long as you can remember, 20 years at least.

0:24:12 > 0:24:15Has the government done enough in that time to

0:24:15 > 0:24:16try to increase that number?

0:24:16 > 0:24:18I think, to be perfectly honest, I don't

0:24:18 > 0:24:20think it has been on the government's agenda at all.

0:24:20 > 0:24:24I don't think it is something that anybody

0:24:24 > 0:24:28has really looked at, you know, there have

0:24:28 > 0:24:31been a lot of angst, a lot of discussions around this,

0:24:31 > 0:24:34a lot of people have tried to do their own little bit but it

0:24:34 > 0:24:36hasn't been coordinated and it hasn't had

0:24:36 > 0:24:38leadership or direction from the government.

0:24:38 > 0:24:40And that is what you're hoping for now?

0:24:40 > 0:24:41Yes.

0:24:41 > 0:24:42The task force will recommend improving pay and

0:24:42 > 0:24:44working conditions.

0:24:44 > 0:24:46And they want a national campaign to promote mixed

0:24:46 > 0:24:47gender teams.

0:24:47 > 0:24:49It will suggest improved careers advice and training

0:24:49 > 0:24:50for men,

0:24:50 > 0:24:52and would like a target set, up from the current 2%.

0:24:52 > 0:24:54And crucially suggests Ofsted could include

0:24:54 > 0:25:01gender diversity in their inspection criteria.

0:25:01 > 0:25:04We already know boys are twice as likely as girls to

0:25:04 > 0:25:06lack basic language skills by the time they start school.

0:25:06 > 0:25:13And that gap only widens over time.

0:25:13 > 0:25:15So, could men in early years settings actually

0:25:15 > 0:25:16help make a difference?

0:25:16 > 0:25:18# When I come to nursery hear me shout

0:25:18 > 0:25:21# Stretch up tall and jump about! #

0:25:21 > 0:25:26Come on, then, back to our story.

0:25:26 > 0:25:28So, this school in London has spent the last

0:25:28 > 0:25:31ten years ensuring male and female teachers spend equal time with

0:25:31 > 0:25:33their pupils.

0:25:33 > 0:25:36And they say the results as those pupils progress through the school

0:25:36 > 0:25:42speak for themselves.

0:25:42 > 0:25:50So, we put people where their best skills are, we're good

0:25:50 > 0:25:54at picking up teacher training, when we spot a talent.

0:25:54 > 0:25:56We have seen men who have a particular bent

0:25:56 > 0:25:59for teaching early years children, and we encourage them

0:25:59 > 0:26:00by giving them opportunities to work and develop

0:26:00 > 0:26:02their careers in the early years.

0:26:02 > 0:26:05Tell me about the research you been doing at the school and the effect

0:26:05 > 0:26:08it has been having on the children here

0:26:08 > 0:26:11The aim was always to narrow the gap between girls' and

0:26:11 > 0:26:14boys' attainment.

0:26:14 > 0:26:16The attainment in the school over the years has continued

0:26:16 > 0:26:18to rise, ever since we have been keeping records.

0:26:18 > 0:26:21Part of that is to make sure the gender difference is

0:26:21 > 0:26:23as narrow as possible, and a strategy for

0:26:23 > 0:26:27doing that is having a workforce where the teaching methods

0:26:27 > 0:26:32we use on the children are things that boys in particular would

0:26:32 > 0:26:36respond to, as well as the girls.

0:26:36 > 0:26:39Our girls do extremely well, but so do our boys, that's the point.

0:26:39 > 0:26:41Why do you think it is important that

0:26:41 > 0:26:44the number of men in early years education has increased?

0:26:44 > 0:26:45They see men as positives, men reading books,

0:26:45 > 0:26:48men talking about things and being successful in careers,

0:26:48 > 0:26:51and there has been a tendency in the past for most

0:26:51 > 0:26:55of primary education to be heavily dominated by women, so it is

0:26:55 > 0:26:58important they see men are nurturing and not just sort of sporting heroes

0:26:58 > 0:27:02or adventurous people.

0:27:02 > 0:27:04In Bradford, 7% of nursery teachers employed by

0:27:04 > 0:27:06the council are male.

0:27:06 > 0:27:12That's about two and a half times the national average.

0:27:12 > 0:27:15Some nurseries there encourage dads to run reading groups.

0:27:15 > 0:27:19They say it's not only good for the kids but it's a great

0:27:19 > 0:27:22pipeline for more men to join the profession.

0:27:22 > 0:27:26Bilal is one of the men working in Bradford's nurseries.

0:27:26 > 0:27:29He helped engage this man, whose children attend the nursery,

0:27:29 > 0:27:32and is now training to become an early years teacher.

0:27:32 > 0:27:36We do a lot of sessions that are particularly designed for dads.

0:27:36 > 0:27:41We want them to be integrated with the rest of the nursery, so

0:27:41 > 0:27:44how we do that is by the male practitioners and even the female

0:27:44 > 0:27:46practitioners making a conscious effort, you know, trying

0:27:46 > 0:27:50to get the dads involved, talking to them, engaging with them

0:27:50 > 0:27:58in conversations, meaningful conversations.

0:27:58 > 0:28:01So you about to start training to become a practitioner.

0:28:01 > 0:28:02Tell us what your journey was.

0:28:02 > 0:28:04My daughter used to come to this nursery, Saint

0:28:04 > 0:28:05Edmunds.

0:28:05 > 0:28:08When I saw Bilal here, he was young and doing something about

0:28:08 > 0:28:11it and dealing with kids, and I thought to myself,

0:28:11 > 0:28:13I have never seen anyone doing this, and this

0:28:13 > 0:28:18basically touched me in terms of that I could think

0:28:18 > 0:28:21about coming to the sector.

0:28:21 > 0:28:23I have got more into it and been doing voluntary work with

0:28:23 > 0:28:26Saint Edmunds and came up with the idea that this

0:28:26 > 0:28:27is something I can do.

0:28:27 > 0:28:32It is often said there is a stigma around men coming into this role.

0:28:32 > 0:28:36How important was it for you to have someone like Bilal as a role model?

0:28:36 > 0:28:39To be honest, I would say he was the one that when I looked at

0:28:39 > 0:28:42him as a young person, he was passionate about his work because I

0:28:42 > 0:28:44have seen him working.

0:28:44 > 0:28:46He used to be a key worker with my daughter, and I

0:28:46 > 0:28:54thought, OK, if he can do it, anyone can.

0:28:56 > 0:28:59Research shows that the more dads are involved with their

0:28:59 > 0:29:01children from an early age, the better the educational attainment

0:29:01 > 0:29:02levels.

0:29:02 > 0:29:03Do you find that?

0:29:03 > 0:29:07When fathers attend the sessions, it is not the norm, people tend

0:29:07 > 0:29:11to think my dad is doing this, they tend to concentrate

0:29:11 > 0:29:16more on what their dad is helping them do.

0:29:16 > 0:29:22If they are concentrating, they are picking it up more.

0:29:22 > 0:29:29The dad session used to be small, but now it is picking up.

0:29:29 > 0:29:31More dads are in these groups.

0:29:31 > 0:29:35Do you think that is because more dads like Bilal

0:29:35 > 0:29:36are engaged in the sector?

0:29:36 > 0:29:37More dads are now engaged?

0:29:37 > 0:29:41Yes, because of my personal experience.

0:29:41 > 0:29:44If I had not seen Bilal or any other male working in the sector,

0:29:44 > 0:29:49I would not even think about coming.

0:29:49 > 0:29:57Despite that figure of 2% not having changed for almost 20 years,

0:29:57 > 0:30:00thanks to the efforts of people like Jamal, Bob and Bilal,

0:30:00 > 0:30:02there are pockets across the country where those numbers are improving.

0:30:02 > 0:30:05And of course, David and his team want that

0:30:05 > 0:30:08to change across the country.

0:30:08 > 0:30:11We invited the Education Secretary to come on the programme but instead

0:30:11 > 0:30:12Department for Education gave us a statement.

0:30:12 > 0:30:15They told us they "want young children to have both male

0:30:15 > 0:30:18and female role models in their early years and having

0:30:18 > 0:30:21a diverse range of people working in childcare has an important part

0:30:21 > 0:30:22to play in this.

0:30:22 > 0:30:26They've set up a group to look at the number of men working

0:30:26 > 0:30:30in early years in more depth and to consider

0:30:30 > 0:30:32what more could be done to encourage men to consider

0:30:32 > 0:30:36this rewarding career.

0:30:36 > 0:30:40If you are a man working in early years, let me know your experience.

0:30:40 > 0:30:44E-mail us.

0:30:44 > 0:30:45Still to come...

0:30:45 > 0:30:47More on the incredible life of Stephen Hawking -

0:30:47 > 0:30:49who has passed away at the age of 76.

0:30:49 > 0:30:52We'll look back on how he changed the way we look at science.

0:30:52 > 0:30:55And former Strictly star Len Goodman tells about about a new campaign

0:30:55 > 0:30:58he's heading to stop the over 60s falling victim to bank scams.

0:31:02 > 0:31:10Time for the latest news - here's Joanna Gosling.

0:31:13 > 0:31:16Britain's most famous scientist Professor Steven Hawking has died at

0:31:16 > 0:31:21the age of 76, his fame came from his bestselling book, A Brief

0:31:21 > 0:31:24History of Time, outlining his theories of the universe. He had a

0:31:24 > 0:31:27brilliant career despite being diagnosed with motor neurone disease

0:31:27 > 0:31:31in 1964 and being told he had only a few years to live.

0:31:31 > 0:31:33Theresa May is expected to announce sanctions against Russia today

0:31:33 > 0:31:36after the Kremlin failed to explain their role in a chemical

0:31:36 > 0:31:37attack in Salisbury.

0:31:37 > 0:31:40The Prime Minister will address Parliament after chairing a meeting

0:31:40 > 0:31:41of the National Security Council.

0:31:41 > 0:31:43Last night, the Russian Embassy hinted that the expulsion

0:31:43 > 0:31:46of its diplomats from London would have an impact on their

0:31:46 > 0:31:52British counterparts in Moscow.

0:31:52 > 0:31:55Five councils in England will be asked to draw up plans to improve

0:31:55 > 0:32:00community cohesion in their areas as a part of proposals on wider

0:32:00 > 0:32:07integration. In the integrated amenity green paper, they want to

0:32:07 > 0:32:11promote diversity in schools, and language tuition for non-English

0:32:11 > 0:32:12speakers.

0:32:12 > 0:32:15Around a third of NHS clinics and a quarter of private ones

0:32:15 > 0:32:17offering breast implant surgery in England have not sent any patient

0:32:17 > 0:32:19data to a national safety registry.

0:32:19 > 0:32:21NHS Digital set up the service in 2016 to safeguard

0:32:21 > 0:32:23patients after the PIP scandal, when thousands of women

0:32:23 > 0:32:26received faulty implants.

0:32:26 > 0:32:28Women who have had surgery are now being urged to make

0:32:28 > 0:32:34sure their details are added to the register.

0:32:34 > 0:32:40That's a summary of the latest BBC News.

0:32:40 > 0:32:42Here's some sport now with Hugh.

0:32:42 > 0:32:43Manchester United boss Jose Mourinho says he doesn't

0:32:43 > 0:32:48want to make a drama of the Champions League.

0:32:48 > 0:32:53Their last 16 exit at the hands of Sevilla last night. They were beaten

0:32:53 > 0:32:582-1 at Old Trafford to miss out on the quarter finals. After a

0:32:58 > 0:33:03lacklustre display, Jose Mourinho said he had no regrets.

0:33:03 > 0:33:06Chelsea take a 1-1 draw to Barcelona for their second leg later.

0:33:06 > 0:33:08Manager Antonio Conte says his players will have to suffer

0:33:08 > 0:33:11for periods away against the team top of the Spanish top flight...

0:33:11 > 0:33:13Great Britain's Menna Fitzpatrick and her guide Jen Kehoe have

0:33:13 > 0:33:15won their third medal at the Winter Paralympics

0:33:15 > 0:33:17with silver in the women's visually impaired giant slalom.

0:33:17 > 0:33:22It takes Britain's tally in Pyeongchang up to 5...

0:33:22 > 0:33:25Buveur D'Air retained his Champion Hurdle title on the opening

0:33:25 > 0:33:26day of the Cheltenham Festival.

0:33:26 > 0:33:28The 6-4 on favourite ridden by Barry Geraghty gave trainer

0:33:28 > 0:33:33Nicky Henderson a seventh victory in the race.

0:33:33 > 0:33:35That's all of

0:33:35 > 0:33:41the sport for now, more after 10am. Good morning.

0:33:41 > 0:33:44The government is to spend 50 million pounds trying to create

0:33:44 > 0:33:46more cohesive communities, especially in five towns and cities

0:33:46 > 0:33:48marked by ethnic and religious divisions: Bradford,

0:33:48 > 0:33:53Blackburn, Peterborough, Walsall and Waltham Forest in London.

0:33:53 > 0:33:55There will also be help for people wanting to improve their spoken

0:33:55 > 0:34:03English and for women wanting to find jobs.

0:34:07 > 0:34:09Dame Louise Casey

0:34:09 > 0:34:16led the government's review. You pulled no punches?I published that

0:34:16 > 0:34:23review at the back end of 2016. I spent a couple of years, by the time

0:34:23 > 0:34:26we published, looking at some of the dynamics happening in our

0:34:26 > 0:34:30communities today. I felt, and I still do, that we are more divided

0:34:30 > 0:34:34than we should be as a nation. That there are pockets of isolation,

0:34:34 > 0:34:39where it isn't just poverty and social disadvantage that is going on

0:34:39 > 0:34:43but I would worry about the rights of women in those sorts of areas as

0:34:43 > 0:34:47well. That isn't just Muslim areas, there are other significant

0:34:47 > 0:34:51religious minorities that, again, are not necessarily embracing what I

0:34:51 > 0:34:57would want people to embrace, that you are equal to a man, or if you

0:34:57 > 0:35:01are gay, you should not be punished, you should respect differences

0:35:01 > 0:35:07surrounding race and religion. What I said was that the solution to that

0:35:07 > 0:35:10is obviously things like English language being a leveller, if

0:35:10 > 0:35:14everybody speaks the same language, when women suffer domestic violence

0:35:14 > 0:35:21they do not need a man to interpret for them or to

0:35:22 > 0:35:24for them or to take their son into a Doctor 's surgery because they do

0:35:24 > 0:35:28not speak enough English. If you do not have the language, you are not

0:35:28 > 0:35:32equal. Let alone getting a job. I did focus on issues surrounding

0:35:32 > 0:35:37women.And you talked about setting a date by which everyone should be

0:35:37 > 0:35:40speaking English, is that correct? Did not set that out in the strategy

0:35:40 > 0:35:45but I said we should have an English language strategy that makes sure. I

0:35:45 > 0:35:50feel like the Moore, a year later, that actually it would be really

0:35:50 > 0:35:55good if we did something big and bold around English language.The

0:35:55 > 0:35:59Communities Secretary himself, Sajid Javid, he's talking about various

0:35:59 > 0:36:03measures we could take to improve integration, said on the radio this

0:36:03 > 0:36:07morning that his mother took ten years to learn English. Is that

0:36:07 > 0:36:13long? -- is that too long?We had to remember that the government cut

0:36:13 > 0:36:16significantly, and he is very clear that they did. He does not pretend

0:36:16 > 0:36:21otherwise. He has been very straight, over a long period of time

0:36:21 > 0:36:25we cut English language classes and I think that was a mistake. But I do

0:36:25 > 0:36:29think those English language classes should be targeted at a working age.

0:36:29 > 0:36:35Women, men, anyone. But working age people who do not have English,

0:36:35 > 0:36:40personally, I would set a date. It is or is helpful to say, look, let's

0:36:40 > 0:36:44take five years, let's work through this. Let's get to a point.

0:36:44 > 0:36:47Governments have done that on other issues, I don't see why they can't

0:36:47 > 0:36:54in this.Five years to learn it if you do not already speak it. Why is

0:36:54 > 0:36:58it important, for example, that children mix, particularly, in faith

0:36:58 > 0:37:02schools? Not just one faith, in a lot of faith schools, some children

0:37:02 > 0:37:06can opt out of particular lessons, like sport come on religious

0:37:06 > 0:37:12grounds?If it is state schools, I think, look, we have reached a point

0:37:12 > 0:37:18where actually, doing sport, going to the theatre, enjoying music. I

0:37:18 > 0:37:24realise it isn't as harmful and difficult as, say, teaching children

0:37:24 > 0:37:27in segregated environments, telling them that women are not equal to men

0:37:27 > 0:37:31and their place is in the home, not work. It is and has harmful as that

0:37:31 > 0:37:35but I would like every child growing up in this country to experience the

0:37:35 > 0:37:40full country. I'm not going to die in a ditch over it but I do think it

0:37:40 > 0:37:45is daft. I think it is wrong, it is common sense. It is also

0:37:45 > 0:37:49caricaturing vast numbers of people from religious minorities who

0:37:49 > 0:37:52actually really want their children to enjoy everything. They want their

0:37:52 > 0:37:56children to go to the theatre, to enjoy everything on offer. We are

0:37:56 > 0:38:02only talking about a minority of people who do not want to be part of

0:38:02 > 0:38:07that and we should call it out.And how do you, we have spoken about

0:38:07 > 0:38:11this every day this week because of what happened in Telford, and in

0:38:11 > 0:38:16certain grooming abuse scandals, those in authority have not had the

0:38:16 > 0:38:20confidence to call out, in some cases, horrific criminal behaviour

0:38:20 > 0:38:23for fear of being accused of being racist. How do you give people

0:38:23 > 0:38:36confidence to call out, as you put it, without that worry?I

0:38:37 > 0:38:38it, without that worry?I think more people need to do it and not be

0:38:38 > 0:38:41afraid to do so. That's one of the reasons why think it is good the

0:38:41 > 0:38:43government has published an integration strategy. It is good

0:38:43 > 0:38:45that Sajid Javid himself without today saying that we need to pull

0:38:45 > 0:38:48together. He is talking about his own experiences. His views on music

0:38:48 > 0:38:50in schools was stronger than mine. But you cannot say to everybody

0:38:50 > 0:38:54else, it is your responsibility. I think that government and leaders

0:38:54 > 0:38:57need to take responsibility. When they don't, bad stuff happens. I

0:38:57 > 0:39:02spent 6-9 months of my life in Rotherham. I met the women who were

0:39:02 > 0:39:06groomed. There was a dynamic to it that was about a wrong

0:39:06 > 0:39:11interpretation or a race. It is all wrong. It brings every single person

0:39:11 > 0:39:16from Pakistani or Muslim heritage into disrepute. Those men are not

0:39:16 > 0:39:21representative of that community. But by leaders not calling out, it

0:39:21 > 0:39:27gives the far right grounds to go, well, look at you, look at you!

0:39:27 > 0:39:31That's what we need to stop, there is an extreme far right that is not

0:39:31 > 0:39:35mainstream, does not represent Britain, and it's racist. That is

0:39:35 > 0:39:40not a British tradition or culture. The same way that we have Islamic

0:39:40 > 0:39:43extremist thoughts, they are not mainstream either but if we do not

0:39:43 > 0:39:47talk about them, and we do not own them, we end up in difficult places.

0:39:47 > 0:39:51Thank you very much for coming on the programme. Dame Louise Casey.

0:39:51 > 0:39:55Your views are welcome of course.

0:39:55 > 0:39:58"There are physicists in a thousand year's time who will still be

0:39:58 > 0:40:04talking about Hawking" - that's what Brian Cox has said this

0:40:04 > 0:40:07morning about the legacy of Professor Stephen Hawking,

0:40:07 > 0:40:14who has died at the age of 76.

0:40:14 > 0:40:16The most-talked about scientist since Einstein,

0:40:16 > 0:40:17he turned theoretical

0:40:17 > 0:40:19physics into best-selling books, changed perceptions of people

0:40:19 > 0:40:23with disabilities and made numerous cameo TV appearances.

0:40:23 > 0:40:31Have a look...

0:40:32 > 0:40:35Theoretical physics is one of the few fields in which being disabled

0:40:35 > 0:40:44is no handicap. It is all in the mind.

0:40:44 > 0:40:51I find humour and a few jokes are a great help in lectures in the

0:40:51 > 0:40:54mysteries of the universe.I cannot believe someone I've never heard of

0:40:54 > 0:40:57this hanging out with a guy like me. It's closing time, who is paying the

0:40:57 > 0:41:13tab...I am... I didn't say that! Yes I did... D'oh!You really didn't

0:41:13 > 0:41:19like our paper?I liked it very much. The premise is intriguing.

0:41:19 > 0:41:23Then why are you attacking us?If you were sitting in a chair for 40

0:41:23 > 0:41:30years, you would get bored too.The quantum fluctuations in the universe

0:41:30 > 0:41:34will not change the cards in your hand. I call, you are bluffing! And

0:41:34 > 0:41:45you will lose...Albert!

0:41:45 > 0:41:47you will lose...Albert!What if I reversed the process all the way

0:41:47 > 0:41:53back to see what happened at the beginning of time itself?

0:41:53 > 0:41:56If Eddie Redmayne won an Oscar for playing me, it would make up in some

0:41:56 > 0:42:04way for the fact that I am unlikely to win a Nobel Prize!

0:42:14 > 0:42:20I hope my example will show disability can be no barrier. One

0:42:20 > 0:42:23can achieve anything, if one is determined enough.

0:42:29 > 0:42:34Professor Hawkins's children have paid tribute to their father.

0:42:34 > 0:42:41In a statement, Lucy, Robert and Tim said:

0:43:00 > 0:43:02Elsewhere, the Prime Minister has led tributes

0:43:02 > 0:43:05to Professor Hawking.

0:43:15 > 0:43:17Brian Cox said:

0:43:32 > 0:43:35Nasa said:

0:43:47 > 0:43:53The astronaut Chris Hadfield said:

0:43:53 > 0:43:55We have lost a truly beautiful mind,

0:43:55 > 0:43:57an astonishing scientist and the funniest man I have ever had

0:43:57 > 0:43:58the pleasure to meet.

0:43:58 > 0:44:04And in a statement, Eddie Redmayne, who won

0:44:04 > 0:44:07an Oscar for his portrayal of Professor Hawking said: "We have

0:44:07 > 0:44:09lost a truly beautiful mind, an astonishing scientist

0:44:09 > 0:44:14and the funniest man I have ever had the pleasure to meet."

0:44:14 > 0:44:17Now, either that was Eddie Redmayne or Chris Hadfield, unless they have

0:44:17 > 0:44:21both come up with remarkably similar tributes! I will work that out for

0:44:21 > 0:44:25you in the next hour of the programme. And your own tributes are

0:44:25 > 0:44:29really welcomed this morning.

0:44:29 > 0:44:30Next...

0:44:30 > 0:44:32The reaction of Russia to Theresa May's ultimatum

0:44:32 > 0:44:33was probably predictable.

0:44:33 > 0:44:35She'd said she wanted answers to questions

0:44:35 > 0:44:39about the poisoning by midnight.

0:44:39 > 0:44:43They didn't wait until midnight before the message came back.

0:44:43 > 0:44:46That they would not be providing any information about the poisoning in

0:44:46 > 0:44:52such a short space of time and they would not without being provided

0:44:52 > 0:44:56with a sample. The Russian ambassador to the EU has made clear

0:44:56 > 0:45:02that the issuing of the deadline did not go down well in Moscow.

0:45:02 > 0:45:10Russia is not a country to be spoken to in the language of ultimatums.It

0:45:10 > 0:45:16is high time that the United Kingdom learned that.

0:45:19 > 0:45:23learned that.Now the ball is in Theresa May's court as she meets her

0:45:23 > 0:45:29National Security Council to decide how to respond.

0:45:29 > 0:45:32We can speak now to Professor Robert Service -

0:45:32 > 0:45:34he was an expert witness during the Alexander Litvinenko

0:45:34 > 0:45:37inquiry and is a Russian historian, to Mary Dejevsky -

0:45:37 > 0:45:39Former Moscow Correspondent for The Times and to Anna Belkina -

0:45:39 > 0:45:41Deputy Editor in Chief of the Russian State

0:45:41 > 0:45:42Broadcaster, RT.

0:45:42 > 0:45:49Thank you all of you for talking to us. Mary, what happens now?Well,

0:45:49 > 0:45:54this is a big question. I think it was totally unrealistic of Theresa

0:45:54 > 0:46:00May actually to set a 36 hour deadline. Not because fullness of

0:46:00 > 0:46:04things 36 hours is unreasonable, but because it's unreasonable in the

0:46:04 > 0:46:10Kremlin's timescale. Whatever the subject was, they are not going to

0:46:10 > 0:46:14respond to anything within 36 hours and it's particularly bad week for

0:46:14 > 0:46:17the Kremlin in terms of deadlines because you've got a brother until

0:46:17 > 0:46:23election on Sunday and although we may say, well, it's not a proper

0:46:23 > 0:46:27election, Vladimir Putin is bound to be re-elected, nonetheless, that is

0:46:27 > 0:46:31what is at the forefront of the Kremlin's attention right now, not

0:46:31 > 0:46:36what happened in a provincial British city ten days ago. So, what

0:46:36 > 0:46:45I actually think is that far from... Russia has, if you like, flouted the

0:46:45 > 0:46:50deadline, but what it hasn't done, which is interesting to me, it has

0:46:50 > 0:46:52not refused to engage with the request. It's basically throwing it

0:46:52 > 0:46:58back to the UK and said, well, you are accusing us of a chemical

0:46:58 > 0:47:02weapons violation, you are signed up to the convention, as we are, so

0:47:02 > 0:47:07abide by the terms of it, and that means providing the evidence and it

0:47:07 > 0:47:13means a ten day wait, a 10-day period of grace for Russia to

0:47:13 > 0:47:17respond. And I think that is a real response and something that the

0:47:17 > 0:47:23British really have to take into account.Robert, what do you think

0:47:23 > 0:47:27will happen now? Theresa May has to do something, doesn't she?She has

0:47:27 > 0:47:35to do something but she has to give the Russians time, as Mary has just

0:47:35 > 0:47:40been saying.There will not be more time now. The deadline has passed.

0:47:40 > 0:47:45That was the time. It was a unilateral deadline. It is

0:47:45 > 0:47:51understandable the British want a response, but was it seriously

0:47:51 > 0:47:55expecting the Russians to...Do you think she will now find some wriggle

0:47:55 > 0:47:58room to give them more time or will this mean the expulsion of

0:47:58 > 0:48:06diplomats, clamping down on Russian money in London?I think what has to

0:48:06 > 0:48:10happen is that the British government has to come clean with

0:48:10 > 0:48:20the British Society as to what, in broad terms, it knows about what

0:48:20 > 0:48:26happened.Why does it need to do that before they can do something?

0:48:26 > 0:48:30Because we are not children. The British government the last time

0:48:30 > 0:48:36around with Alexander Litvinenko setup an enquiry which said that on

0:48:36 > 0:48:42the balance of probability, Litvinenko was killed on the orders

0:48:42 > 0:48:46of Vladimir Putin. But that was it, there was no further information

0:48:46 > 0:48:53given, and this isn't a way that it is sensible to treat the British

0:48:53 > 0:48:57Society and it is not a way to get credit with the Russian society. So

0:48:57 > 0:49:09I think we need a broader scope for information and not to treat

0:49:09 > 0:49:12everything in this highly secretive way. It just doesn't work with

0:49:12 > 0:49:18Russians.Let me bring in Anna if I may, deputy editor in chief of

0:49:18 > 0:49:25Russia today, the Russian state broadcaster. What do you think will

0:49:25 > 0:49:32happen now?Well, in terms of the position of our channel and our

0:49:32 > 0:49:38position in the UK, we are still remaining hopeful there will not be

0:49:38 > 0:49:43impacted. We have been operating as a good-faith broadcaster, abiding by

0:49:43 > 0:49:49the terms of the regulator within the country, and covering vital

0:49:49 > 0:49:53stories, important stories. Some people may not like our editorial

0:49:53 > 0:50:00line, but we have been a very important voice in the UK editorial

0:50:00 > 0:50:05landscape and we have even had politicians coming onto our Channel

0:50:05 > 0:50:084 years as a way to reach their own constituencies. So it has been

0:50:08 > 0:50:15really disappointing to see that RTE was kind of mixed up into this

0:50:15 > 0:50:19conversation of state affairs and used almost as something to be

0:50:19 > 0:50:27sacrificed in this political game. It is very easy to score PR points

0:50:27 > 0:50:31right now, but I think it is absolutely wrong to attack RT. It

0:50:31 > 0:50:34also goes contrary to the principles of freedom of speech and freedom of

0:50:34 > 0:50:40the media.Sorry to interrupt but do you trust that if you end up being

0:50:40 > 0:50:44taken off air, if you lose your license, it will be because you are

0:50:44 > 0:50:50not abiding by Ofcom rules? That you are not truly independent?This is

0:50:50 > 0:50:56the crux of the problem. Ofcom right now is reviewing our state is not

0:50:56 > 0:51:01based on any of the rules that we have broken, and in fact there have

0:51:01 > 0:51:07been no statement as such, but has referenced particularly the

0:51:07 > 0:51:11political statements made regarding our situation, mainly by prime

0:51:11 > 0:51:17ministers Theresa May. And that is what is really troubling. RT has

0:51:17 > 0:51:22record with Ofcom that is better than many other UK broadcasters and

0:51:22 > 0:51:26until the statements made this week, our broadcast this week has been the

0:51:26 > 0:51:31same as it was before, so we would like to be judged on the merit of

0:51:31 > 0:51:35our output, not because of the political situation that has

0:51:35 > 0:51:46developed.If/ when Britain make the decision to punish Russia in some

0:51:46 > 0:51:51way, then they will retaliate.How? I would assume they would start with

0:51:51 > 0:51:57expelling diplomats who are working undercover at the Russian Embassy,

0:51:57 > 0:52:01so intelligence officers. And that writes a quid pro quo response

0:52:01 > 0:52:07immediately that we lose our people in a similar status in Russia,

0:52:07 > 0:52:11depriving us of a Channel for information. If we impose further

0:52:11 > 0:52:15economic sanctions, it's actually very difficult to see where those

0:52:15 > 0:52:19go, because there are already economic sanctions because of

0:52:19 > 0:52:23Crimea. They haven't the slightest effect on Russia except to improve

0:52:23 > 0:52:28its agriculture sector.What we don't have in financial situations

0:52:28 > 0:52:34is a stop on Russian money in London, some of which critics say is

0:52:34 > 0:52:38laundered. We haven't done anything about that yet? And you know way

0:52:38 > 0:52:43more than me but people said, that is the waiter had Vladimir Putin.It

0:52:43 > 0:52:48is the way the herd Vladimir Putin we should have done more for many

0:52:48 > 0:52:56years than we have done -- it is the way to hurt Vladimir Putin. We

0:52:56 > 0:52:59thought we had an advantage of Russian capital being invested here.

0:52:59 > 0:53:08One thing I think would have an effect is to ban RT. We should laugh

0:53:08 > 0:53:13at RT. It is a terrible TV animal. The best way to treat it is to

0:53:13 > 0:53:16ridicule it and British people who go on to it should be made to feel

0:53:16 > 0:53:22ashamed.OK, well I am obviously going to ask Anna to respond to

0:53:22 > 0:53:28that. People should laugh at you rather than take you off air.It is

0:53:28 > 0:53:31disappointing to hear that and busily I disagree with that point of

0:53:31 > 0:53:39view entirely. That

0:53:39 > 0:53:43view entirely. That said, I am sure if RTE was taken -- if RT was taken

0:53:43 > 0:53:50off at, British media operators within Russia would see a similar

0:53:50 > 0:53:58fate, as has already been indicated by the Russian government.OK, thank

0:53:58 > 0:54:01you all very much indeed. We will bring you the latest news and sport

0:54:01 > 0:54:09at 10am and of course awful weather forecast just before then.

0:54:09 > 0:54:10forecast just before then. TV presenter and former strictly come

0:54:10 > 0:54:21dancing head judge Len Goodman wants to stop the over 60s

0:54:21 > 0:54:26to stop the over 60s falling to -- falling victim to bank scams.

0:54:26 > 0:54:28Specially designed courses are being offered at branches

0:54:28 > 0:54:31of Santander to try to teach them what to look out for and stop them

0:54:31 > 0:54:32becoming victims of fraud.

0:54:32 > 0:54:35Len, who is 73, got involved when his daughter-in law lost

0:54:35 > 0:54:36£16,000 through a cash point scam.

0:54:36 > 0:54:37Good morning.

0:54:37 > 0:54:40How are you? Please tell us what happened to your daughter-in-law.

0:54:40 > 0:54:45Her scam was slightly different. It was a phone scam. The phone suddenly

0:54:45 > 0:54:51wouldn't work and what had happened was

0:54:52 > 0:54:55was somebody had her phone... Listen, the reason I got involved

0:54:55 > 0:55:01with this is because I am not tech savvy adult. Somehow, her phone got

0:55:01 > 0:55:07planed and they downloaded all the information of her phone including

0:55:07 > 0:55:12bank details and Taiwan and the upshot was she lost £16,000. The

0:55:12 > 0:55:19thing is, this is mainly targeted at the over 60s, but by

0:55:19 > 0:55:26daughter-in-law, this shows that anyone... Santander have got this

0:55:26 > 0:55:31scam avoidance school and they invited me to go along, which I did.

0:55:31 > 0:55:38What did you learn?I learned so much.And what will you do

0:55:38 > 0:55:45differently now?The thing is, they tend to try to rush you and us older

0:55:45 > 0:55:48people, we tend to panic and we don't want anything wrong. If we get

0:55:48 > 0:55:52an e-mail, a phone call and people are trying to rescue along, don't

0:55:52 > 0:56:00listen. We don't like to be read, we don't like to switch off the phone.

0:56:00 > 0:56:05If people start to be rushed, you have got to think, no, something is

0:56:05 > 0:56:12wrong here. You know, don't be frightened to say, no. And then say,

0:56:12 > 0:56:17well, I want to speak to one of my family. If they don't want that...

0:56:17 > 0:56:22It is always urgent, you know? What I like about what Santander have

0:56:22 > 0:56:29done, next week, Monday to Friday, every Santander branch,

0:56:31 > 0:56:36every Santander branch, all 800 of them...Don't mention the bank name

0:56:36 > 0:56:43again. Sorry.If you pop into any one of their branches, you can put

0:56:43 > 0:56:49your name down and go on the scam avoidance scheme. It is totally

0:56:49 > 0:56:53free, it lasts 45 minutes, you don't necessarily have to be a member of

0:56:53 > 0:57:00that bank. See what I did there? And although it is mainly aimed at older

0:57:00 > 0:57:07people, anyone can go along. Do you know, age UK found that over 5

0:57:07 > 0:57:14million over 60 guys feel they have been targeted.Have been targeted,

0:57:14 > 0:57:19by scammers? That is an extraordinary figure, it really is.

0:57:19 > 0:57:24So with all the goodwill in the world, it was such an eye-opener to

0:57:24 > 0:57:29me, even with your cash machines. You know, they put hidden cameras in

0:57:29 > 0:57:35there and get your PIN number. The slot that you put your card and can

0:57:35 > 0:57:41be faked, even the whole front of the ATM can be false.I know, it is

0:57:41 > 0:57:47outrageous.You have got to be aware of that. Please don't think, it is

0:57:47 > 0:57:55as much for me, I am doing my self a favour in hopefully helping others,

0:57:55 > 0:57:59so basically, all next week, every branch, just checking what time and

0:57:59 > 0:58:04date it will be, there were long, if you can't go along, there are

0:58:04 > 0:58:12leaflets and things to explain all the points. And it is a serious

0:58:12 > 0:58:16thing done in a very fun way. There's a quiz, there are jokes.

0:58:16 > 0:58:22It's a good bit of fun and a great way of hopefully those scammers,

0:58:22 > 0:58:31they target over 60s most of all. Before you go, please can I ask you

0:58:31 > 0:58:40about Sloan? What did you think -- can I ask you about Strictly? What

0:58:40 > 0:58:45did you think of Shirley?I thought she did fantastically. When you step

0:58:45 > 0:58:49into someone's shoes after 12 years, if the nerve-racking process, but I

0:58:49 > 0:58:54thought you stayed true to herself, she gave good, constructive

0:58:54 > 0:58:59criticism. I thought she did a really good job.She has remained

0:58:59 > 0:59:02really tight-lipped about whether she will be back for the next

0:59:02 > 0:59:08series. The bookies have stopped taking money on view coming back.

0:59:08 > 0:59:14Would you come back?Well, I have got 50 quid on myself. No, I had a

0:59:14 > 0:59:20wonderful time. I watched it as a viewer and it was a funny feeling.

0:59:20 > 0:59:24It was the right thing to do. It's a bit like if you split up with a

0:59:24 > 0:59:30girlfriend. You know you are not getting on...But you are still

0:59:30 > 0:59:33doing the American version and people called you a traitor for

0:59:33 > 0:59:37that.That gets on my wick, honestly. It is all to do with your

0:59:37 > 0:59:43contract. The BBC, your contract is manual. They can check you out, they

0:59:43 > 0:59:48can keep you. America, you are booked for four in a row. Plus, why

0:59:48 > 0:59:51would I not want to go to Los Angeles in the middle of the winter?

0:59:51 > 0:59:59As my wife wants to come.That's a very good point. Before you go, why

0:59:59 > 1:00:07has Brendan Cole left?I haven't spoken to Brendan Cole or Shirley. I

1:00:07 > 1:00:13don't know. He was a really

1:00:14 > 1:00:17don't know. He was a really nice guy, I phoned up America for him to

1:00:17 > 1:00:23take over as a dancer, I read, but what it was, because that is

1:00:23 > 1:00:27nonsense, I do not know. In America, they have a pool of professionals

1:00:27 > 1:00:32and some are not on one season and then the next season, they come

1:00:32 > 1:00:41back, all you missed two. You know, it changes it up a bit. Whatever the

1:00:41 > 1:00:46BBC do, God bless them, it is with the right decision.Thank you very

1:00:46 > 1:00:54much.I went to mention Santander. Oh, you are so naughty. You get away

1:00:54 > 1:01:02with it though. You are so cheeky. Now, what do you think about looking

1:01:02 > 1:01:06at -- letting a man after your child at nursery? Coming up in the next

1:01:06 > 1:01:12hour. Right, let's bring you the webinar.

1:01:12 > 1:01:18Thank you. Not a bad start for many across the

1:01:18 > 1:01:21day. This is the scene over the river Tay in Dundee, a lovely

1:01:21 > 1:01:27sunrise. Conditions like that in the east, but in the West, outbreaks of

1:01:27 > 1:01:29rain and for many in the West, conditions like this through the

1:01:29 > 1:01:35day. This area of low pressure will be throwing in areas of rain

1:01:35 > 1:01:40throughout. Strengthening winds, touching gale force in the West. It

1:01:40 > 1:01:45also drags in milder air across much of the country. After a chilly start

1:01:45 > 1:01:50in the East, sunshine overhead.

1:01:50 > 1:01:52in the East, sunshine overhead. In the West, staying with grey

1:01:52 > 1:01:56conditions throughout, and in the afternoon here, it is going to stay

1:01:56 > 1:02:02not just wet but also windy. In Devon and all, they could be up to

1:02:02 > 1:02:0825 millimetres or more of rain across the moors, going through

1:02:08 > 1:02:14tonight, affecting Wales and the Isle of Man. Wet through the day in

1:02:14 > 1:02:18Northern Ireland, and into Scotland. Western areas are always windy. A

1:02:18 > 1:02:22breeze in the east. With hazy sunshine, after subzero temperatures

1:02:22 > 1:02:26in some areas, it could hit 12 degrees in the central belt and

1:02:26 > 1:02:32north of London. Pushing the 60 Fahrenheit mark. Don't get

1:02:32 > 1:02:36complacent, colder weather on the way. Not tonight, it stays mild

1:02:36 > 1:02:40towards the south and west of the country. Cloud and rain pushing in

1:02:40 > 1:02:44across Wales, the Midlands and the south-east towards the end of

1:02:44 > 1:02:49tonight. Chilly across eastern Scotland and North England. Here, we

1:02:49 > 1:02:52go into tomorrow with some of the brightest conditions and morning

1:02:52 > 1:02:56sunshine. Some sunshine to start the day in West England and Wales. Heavy

1:02:56 > 1:03:01and thundery showers pushing in. A look at the rain. In Northern

1:03:01 > 1:03:05Ireland, the Midlands and the south-east, turning dry, rain pushes

1:03:05 > 1:03:09into southern England and southern Scotland through the day. Wintry

1:03:09 > 1:03:12flurries over the hills of Scotland as well. Tomorrow, 6 degrees in

1:03:12 > 1:03:17Aberdeen

1:03:17 > 1:03:18as well. Tomorrow, 6 degrees in Aberdeen. Colder air pushes in

1:03:18 > 1:03:27across the North with a greater chance of snow on the hills.

1:03:27 > 1:03:30I don't have much positive things to say about Motor Neurone disease

1:03:30 > 1:03:33but it taught me not to pity myself and to get on with

1:03:33 > 1:03:34what I still could do.

1:03:34 > 1:03:40I'm happier now than I was before I developed the condition.

1:03:40 > 1:03:44Professor Stephen Hawking - world-famous for his ground-breaking

1:03:44 > 1:03:49scientific work on black holes and for re-defining perceptions

1:03:49 > 1:03:52of people with disabilities - has died at the age of 76.

1:03:52 > 1:03:58We'll be assessing his impact and legacy.

1:03:58 > 1:04:03The trouble of getting men to work with kids in nurseries.

1:04:03 > 1:04:06Figures show just 2% of the total work force over the past 20

1:04:06 > 1:04:07years have been male.

1:04:07 > 1:04:08So why is it happening?

1:04:08 > 1:04:10Some in the industry say they're being turned

1:04:10 > 1:04:11away because of negative pre-conceptions.

1:04:11 > 1:04:15Because I was a man, umm... It wouldn't be appropriate for me to

1:04:15 > 1:04:20work in early years. Basically. Because of safeguarding concerns,

1:04:20 > 1:04:25they were worried, particularly, what parents might think and stuff

1:04:25 > 1:04:30like that.This tweet saying that all children should be learning from

1:04:30 > 1:04:34both sexes, especially in the early stages of school life.

1:04:34 > 1:04:38So can -- some kids do not have a father figure, I'm shocked at the

1:04:38 > 1:04:42prejudice that these men face. Your experiences are particularly

1:04:42 > 1:04:44welcome. We will be talking more about that

1:04:44 > 1:04:50in the next hour. Also...

1:04:50 > 1:04:53The government is spending £50 million to make more cohesive

1:04:53 > 1:04:53communities,

1:04:53 > 1:04:57will it make a difference? We have members of various different

1:04:57 > 1:05:03communities saying they have experienced various segregation.

1:05:03 > 1:05:04Good morning.

1:05:04 > 1:05:06Here's Joanna Gosling in the BBC Newsroom

1:05:06 > 1:05:08with a summary of today's news.

1:05:08 > 1:05:10Britain's most famous scientist, Professor Stephen Hawking,

1:05:10 > 1:05:12has died at the age of 76.

1:05:12 > 1:05:13Hawking's fame came largely from his best-selling

1:05:13 > 1:05:16book, "A Brief History of Time" which outlined his theories

1:05:16 > 1:05:21about the universe.

1:05:21 > 1:05:23He had a brilliant career despite being diagnosed with motor

1:05:23 > 1:05:25neurone disease in 1964 and being told he had just

1:05:25 > 1:05:27a few years to live.

1:05:27 > 1:05:31Professor Hawkins's children have paid tribute to their father.

1:05:31 > 1:05:34In a statement, Lucy, Robert and Tim said: "We are deeply

1:05:34 > 1:05:36saddened that our beloved father passed away today.

1:05:36 > 1:05:38He was a great scientist and an extraordinary man whose work

1:05:38 > 1:05:40and legacy will live on for many years.

1:05:40 > 1:05:42His courage and persistence with his brilliance and humour

1:05:42 > 1:05:47inspired people across the world.

1:05:47 > 1:05:50He once said, 'It would not be much of a universe if it wasn't home

1:05:50 > 1:05:52to the people you love'.

1:05:52 > 1:05:57We will miss him forever."

1:05:57 > 1:06:01Moscow has warned it will respond to any measures imposed by the British

1:06:01 > 1:06:05government after a Soviet nerve agent was used in Salisbury. The

1:06:05 > 1:06:09Kremlin has insisted that it is in no way connected to the poisoning of

1:06:09 > 1:06:14a former Russian double agent Sergei Skripal and his daughter. Theresa

1:06:14 > 1:06:17May is expected to announce a response today after chairing a

1:06:17 > 1:06:18meeting at the National Security Council.

1:06:18 > 1:06:21The Outgoing US Secretary of State, Rex Tillerson, who was fired

1:06:21 > 1:06:23by President Donald Trump yesterday, has described the poisoning

1:06:23 > 1:06:25as a "really egregious act...

1:06:25 > 1:06:27That "clearly came from Russia" and there should be

1:06:27 > 1:06:31"serious consequences".

1:06:31 > 1:06:33Much work remains to respond to the troubling behaviour

1:06:33 > 1:06:38and actions on the part of the Russian government.

1:06:38 > 1:06:40Russia must assess carefully as to how its actions

1:06:40 > 1:06:42are in the best interest of the Russian people,

1:06:42 > 1:06:44and of the world more broadly.

1:06:44 > 1:06:46Continuing on their current trajectory is likely to lead

1:06:46 > 1:06:50to greater isolation on their part.

1:06:50 > 1:06:57A situation which is not in any one's interest.

1:06:57 > 1:07:02Five councils in England will be asked to draw up plans to improve

1:07:02 > 1:07:06community cohesion in their areas as part of wider proposals on

1:07:06 > 1:07:09integration. Other proposals outlined in the government's

1:07:09 > 1:07:12integrated communities strategy green paper included teaching

1:07:12 > 1:07:16British values in schools, promoting the English language and for

1:07:16 > 1:07:19councils to provide language tuition to non-English speakers.

1:07:19 > 1:07:22Women who have had breast implant surgery are being urged to make

1:07:22 > 1:07:23sure their details are registered.

1:07:23 > 1:07:26Around a third of NHS clinics and a quarter of private ones

1:07:26 > 1:07:29offering the surgery in England have not sent any patient data

1:07:29 > 1:07:31to a national safety registry.

1:07:31 > 1:07:33NHS Digital set up the service in 2016 to safeguard

1:07:33 > 1:07:40patients after the PIP.

1:07:40 > 1:07:48scandal, when thousands of women received faulty implants.

1:07:52 > 1:07:55The University of Mosul, in Iraq - which was left in ruins

1:07:55 > 1:07:58by Islamic State militants - is to begin re-stocking its library,

1:07:58 > 1:08:00with new books donated from the UK.

1:08:00 > 1:08:02It's believed that well over 100,000 manuscripts were destroyed

1:08:02 > 1:08:03or looted during the IS occupation.

1:08:03 > 1:08:06A lecturer told the BBC he was so happy when the books

1:08:06 > 1:08:07arrived from Britain, he danced.

1:08:07 > 1:08:10That's a summary of the latest BBC News - more at 10.30.

1:08:10 > 1:08:13Joanna, thank you. Thank you for your messages about Professor Steven

1:08:13 > 1:08:20Hawking. Colin says a truly inspired man.

1:08:20 > 1:08:24A great ambassador for Britain and his legacy will be far more than

1:08:24 > 1:08:28simply academic. Simon said that this man inspired him to go into

1:08:28 > 1:08:33physics and into always wanting to be more and never giving up. He was

1:08:33 > 1:08:36a truly inspiring individual who will be sadly missed. Never let

1:08:36 > 1:08:41down, always looked to the stars. -- never look down.

1:08:41 > 1:08:48Colin on Facebook says that he is disabled with MS, he has a similar

1:08:48 > 1:08:51attitude to his disability. He does not garner sympathy and he

1:08:51 > 1:08:55hates it when people pity him feel sorry for him. It rather they have

1:08:55 > 1:09:00compassion and understanding. I do not mind if someone asks me about my

1:09:00 > 1:09:05MS, I keep active. Last year I had two-week holiday in Cyprus on my

1:09:05 > 1:09:09own. I don't think much about the future at all, live for the moment.

1:09:09 > 1:09:14And one more, this text says that they were a hairdresser in Cambridge

1:09:14 > 1:09:18and the use to cut his hair. A wonderful and generous man, an

1:09:18 > 1:09:22honour and a privilege to have spent time with him. Thank you to the BBC

1:09:22 > 1:09:24for all of the tributes to such a great man.

1:09:24 > 1:09:27Thank you for those, keep them coming in. Use the hashtag, you can

1:09:27 > 1:09:31text, WhatsApp or use Facebook.

1:09:31 > 1:09:36Here's some sport now with Hugh.

1:09:36 > 1:09:38Manchester United manager Jose Mourinho says he "doesn't

1:09:38 > 1:09:41want to make a drama" of their Champions League last 16

1:09:41 > 1:09:42tie with Spanish side Sevilla...

1:09:42 > 1:09:45The first leg finished goalless in Spain, and Sevilla took control

1:09:45 > 1:09:52by scoring a crucial away goal with less than 20 minutes left.

1:09:52 > 1:09:54The Spanish side put things to bed

1:09:54 > 1:09:56with a second soon afterwards, Wissam Ben Yedder's second.

1:09:56 > 1:10:02Manchester United fans won't be too pleased with Mourinho's view

1:10:02 > 1:10:04that the 2-1 defeat's "not the end of the world."

1:10:04 > 1:10:09I sit in this chair twice in the Champions League and I have

1:10:09 > 1:10:11knocked out Man United at home at Old Trafford.

1:10:11 > 1:10:14I sit in this chair with Porto, Man United out.

1:10:14 > 1:10:17I sit in this chair with Real Madrid, Man United out.

1:10:17 > 1:10:22So I don't think it's something new for the club.

1:10:22 > 1:10:24And of course, being Manchester United manager and losing

1:10:24 > 1:10:32a Champions League tie, at home, is a delusion, obviously.

1:10:37 > 1:10:41Well, Spurs and United are out - but can Chelsea make it three

1:10:41 > 1:10:43English sides in the last eight?

1:10:43 > 1:10:45Manager Antonio Conte says there will be moments his team 'has

1:10:45 > 1:10:48to suffer' as they visit Lionel Messi and the Spanish league

1:10:48 > 1:10:49leaders Barcelona at the Nou Camp.

1:10:49 > 1:10:52It's finished 1-1 in the first leg.

1:10:52 > 1:10:54Every single player wants to play this type of game

1:10:54 > 1:10:56against Barcelona at the Nou Camp.

1:10:56 > 1:11:00You must be excited.

1:11:00 > 1:11:02A lot of my players have never played in this stadium,

1:11:02 > 1:11:06at the Nou Camp, but this is the first time and we want

1:11:06 > 1:11:14to try to do our best.

1:11:14 > 1:11:18More good news for Great Britain at the Paralympics.

1:11:18 > 1:11:20There's been another medal for Great Britain at the Winter

1:11:20 > 1:11:22paralympics in Pyeongchang.

1:11:22 > 1:11:24Kate Grey has the details.

1:11:24 > 1:11:27If you have been watching the Paralympic Games over the last few

1:11:27 > 1:11:31days, you know the names well, Menna Fitzpatrick and her guide, Jen

1:11:31 > 1:11:35Kehoe, have got their third medal of the games, to add to the silver and

1:11:35 > 1:11:39bronze that they won earlier this week.This time it was a silver

1:11:39 > 1:11:44medal in the giant slalom. They get two runs down the giant slalom

1:11:44 > 1:11:49course and in the first run, they managed to finish in second place as

1:11:49 > 1:11:54they move into the second run, they managed to maintain a silver medal

1:11:54 > 1:11:58position, just behind Slovakian Henrieta Farkasova, who has

1:11:58 > 1:12:02dominated the class from day one here in Pyeongchang. The British

1:12:02 > 1:12:06pair managed to safely negotiate their way around the winding course.

1:12:06 > 1:12:09They were over the moon when they got to the end of their race.

1:12:09 > 1:12:13Clearly thriving in this Paralympic environment. This is their first

1:12:13 > 1:12:16games, a brilliant achievement for them and hopefully much more to

1:12:16 > 1:12:18come.

1:12:18 > 1:12:21Despite wet ground underfoot the sun was shining on the opening day

1:12:21 > 1:12:23of the Cheltenhamn Festival as Buveur D'Air took

1:12:23 > 1:12:25the big race on day one...

1:12:25 > 1:12:27The odds-on favourite - under jockey Barry Geraghty -

1:12:27 > 1:12:29was pushed all the way in the Champion Hurdle...

1:12:29 > 1:12:32By the seven to one shot Melon, winning by barely

1:12:32 > 1:12:34a neck on the line.

1:12:34 > 1:12:36It means Buveaur D'Air retains his title and gives trainer

1:12:36 > 1:12:40Nicky Henderson his seventh winner in the race.

1:12:40 > 1:12:42The Queen Mother Champion Chase is the feature race today...

1:12:42 > 1:12:50Coverage on Radio 5live from 1pm.

1:12:50 > 1:12:55Good morning. A brilliant and extraordinary mind, one of the great

1:12:55 > 1:12:58scientists of his generation. Just one of thousands of tributes to

1:12:58 > 1:13:03Professor Steven Hawking, who has died at the age of 76. The most

1:13:03 > 1:13:07talked about scientist since Einstein, he turned theoretical

1:13:07 > 1:13:10physics bestselling books, and changed perceptions of with

1:13:10 > 1:13:18disabilities and made quite a few cameo TV appearances.

1:13:18 > 1:13:20The British astronaut Tim Peake is among those who have paid tribute

1:13:20 > 1:13:24to Professor Hawking.

1:13:24 > 1:13:35He said...

1:13:41 > 1:13:48The Stargazing Live presenter Dara O'Briain said;...

1:14:02 > 1:14:04And Nasa said...

1:14:17 > 1:14:20Joining me from our Oxford Studio is Professor Chris Lintott,

1:14:20 > 1:14:22who presents BBC Four's The Sky At Night and is

1:14:22 > 1:14:28a professor of astrophysics at Oxford University.

1:14:28 > 1:14:31And Chris James is the Director of External Affairs at the Motor

1:14:31 > 1:14:33Neurone Disease Association - he joins us via webcam

1:14:33 > 1:14:36from North London.

1:14:36 > 1:14:38And we're also joined by professor of Extragalactic Astronomy

1:14:38 > 1:14:42and head of physics at Bath University Carol Mundell -

1:14:42 > 1:14:42speaking to us on webcam from Bath.

1:14:42 > 1:14:45Welcome to all of you, thank you for coming on the programme. Chris, how

1:14:45 > 1:14:49would you assess what this man achieved?Well, you have mentioned

1:14:49 > 1:14:52his work as a communicator. That was hugely important but even without

1:14:52 > 1:14:57that he was one of the greats of 20th-century physics. He told us for

1:14:57 > 1:15:03the first time with others that the Big Bang was a real thing. That it

1:15:03 > 1:15:08allowed the universe to start in this hot and dense state, allowed by

1:15:08 > 1:15:12Einstein's equations. He went on to explain a lot of the formula that

1:15:12 > 1:15:16surrounded black holes, the most mysterious objects in the universe.

1:15:16 > 1:15:20There are armies of people today following up on his insights that he

1:15:20 > 1:15:24gave us over many decades of productive physics.And Carol, what

1:15:24 > 1:15:30would you draw from what he achieved?For me, it is the

1:15:30 > 1:15:33immensity of the theoretical physics and cosmology, the breadth of the

1:15:33 > 1:15:37problems he worked on. As Chris said, these theoretical predictions,

1:15:37 > 1:15:41many of us will be designing experiments for generations to come

1:15:41 > 1:15:46to test. For me, working at the forefront of general relativity,

1:15:46 > 1:15:51physics on the largest scale, governed by gravity, combining

1:15:51 > 1:15:55physics and the tiniest scale with quantum mechanics come he was

1:15:55 > 1:15:58pioneering in working with these new theories and quantum gravity. We

1:15:58 > 1:16:04don't yet have a complete theory of quantum gravity. I think of him as

1:16:04 > 1:16:08an Einstein of our time, really.I'm getting messages from people like

1:16:08 > 1:16:14Simon, for example. Saying that they were inspired to go into physics

1:16:14 > 1:16:19because of him?It wasn't just the immensity of the physics that he was

1:16:19 > 1:16:22thinking about in how he approached his problems. Mathematically he was

1:16:22 > 1:16:26very gifted but he was able to be very creative and think differently

1:16:26 > 1:16:32about the universe. Turning that into a serial hypothesis. He was

1:16:32 > 1:16:35able to communicate the wonder of the universe, where he said do not

1:16:35 > 1:16:43look down at your feet, remember to look up at the stars. For me, he was

1:16:43 > 1:16:47a scientist. We don't talk about a disabled scientist or his

1:16:47 > 1:16:50disability, because it was not a disability. He was an eminent

1:16:50 > 1:16:57physicist. We were all rather in awe of him. He had incredible wit, and

1:16:57 > 1:17:02he was quite miss GB is with his wit. He was keen to travel into

1:17:02 > 1:17:06space as well and think about the future of humankind. He used to

1:17:06 > 1:17:11mention that the fact that humans were made of star stuff, and

1:17:11 > 1:17:15connected with the universe. But also our place on our planet, caring

1:17:15 > 1:17:19for it and thinking of the dangers of artificial intelligence. He was a

1:17:19 > 1:17:24great mind far in and beyond physics.Chris James, from the motor

1:17:24 > 1:17:29neurone disease Association, what did you think of his approach to his

1:17:29 > 1:17:33illness?He really was quite an extraordinary man. It is a sad day,

1:17:33 > 1:17:38he really wasn't defined by his motor neurone disease. He caught it

1:17:38 > 1:17:42at a very early stage in his life. He overcame many of the challenges

1:17:42 > 1:17:54that he faced. He understood that when he was diagnosed, he only had a

1:17:54 > 1:18:01few used to live, he was told. Some people with it die with thin two

1:18:01 > 1:18:06years of diagnosis. But he was a brilliant man and a brilliant

1:18:06 > 1:18:10physicist. He did a tremendous amount to raise awareness of MND and

1:18:10 > 1:18:16to support the association.Am getting messages from people with

1:18:16 > 1:18:20disabilities, who said that his approach inspired the way that they

1:18:20 > 1:18:26concentrated on what they could do their own what they couldn't do?He

1:18:26 > 1:18:30was very much like that, encouraging people to live their lives, and not

1:18:30 > 1:18:36be defined by their disease and to really try and achieve as much as

1:18:36 > 1:18:40they possibly could.And Chris, something that Brian Cox said this

1:18:40 > 1:18:44morning that sticks in my head. In thousands of years, when we are long

1:18:44 > 1:18:52gone, people will still be talking about Professor Steven Hawking.At

1:18:52 > 1:18:57arguing about his ideas, how he would have wanted it! He was

1:18:57 > 1:19:00brilliant at making connections, that is why his physics communicates

1:19:00 > 1:19:04to physicists. He has these great series, showing that they were

1:19:04 > 1:19:08connected at a deep level. That is what he was doing in his

1:19:08 > 1:19:11communication as well. Taking very abstract and theoretical work that

1:19:11 > 1:19:17he was doing and connecting it to everyday life. To the kinds of

1:19:17 > 1:19:21thoughts that we all, as humans, have as well as physicists. I think

1:19:21 > 1:19:25the greatness of his mind was in making those leaps and allowing the

1:19:25 > 1:19:30rest of us to follow along the bridges that he set out for us. It

1:19:30 > 1:19:33is amazing to see the connections between this two house and see that

1:19:33 > 1:19:38he was doing the same thing throughout.Thank you all, we really

1:19:38 > 1:19:42appreciate your time.

1:19:42 > 1:19:43Still to come...

1:19:43 > 1:19:46What can be done to help Muslim communities integrate better

1:19:46 > 1:19:47into British society?

1:19:47 > 1:19:49Community leaders share their views on a plan to help address

1:19:51 > 1:19:54If your child is under 5 - the chances of a man

1:19:54 > 1:19:55teaching them is very slim.

1:19:55 > 1:20:02The numbers of men working as early years teachers has always been low.

1:20:02 > 1:20:05In fact, for the past 20 years, it's been around 2 per cent

1:20:05 > 1:20:07of the total workforce in the sector.

1:20:07 > 1:20:09There are currently around 25,000 job vacancies and the Government has

1:20:09 > 1:20:11recognised how important men in early years can be

1:20:11 > 1:20:19to the children they teach.

1:20:20 > 1:20:22Efforts have been made by small groups across the country

1:20:22 > 1:20:25to increase those numbers, and we've been given exclusive

1:20:25 > 1:20:27access to proposals being drawn up to advise the Government about how

1:20:27 > 1:20:32they can help.

1:20:32 > 1:20:37Chris Hemmings reports.

1:20:37 > 1:20:38Jamal Campbell is a rarity.

1:20:38 > 1:20:41He's a member of the London early years foundation,

1:20:41 > 1:20:43and part of the just 2% of the teaching bid teachers

1:20:43 > 1:20:44under five who are male.

1:20:44 > 1:20:47He started teaching 16 years ago, and is still frustrated by how

1:20:47 > 1:20:50little status is given to his job.

1:20:50 > 1:20:54We deserve more.

1:20:54 > 1:21:02We deserve more because it is such an important profession, you know,

1:21:03 > 1:21:05we spend more time with their children than they do.

1:21:05 > 1:21:08And we're helping them so when they go to primary school,

1:21:08 > 1:21:16when they go to secondary school, they've got the tools.

1:21:22 > 1:21:25Yes, there is a lot of stigma based on negative stories that are out

1:21:25 > 1:21:28there about men in childcare, you know, and just children

1:21:28 > 1:21:30being at risk, men not being able to be nurturing,

1:21:30 > 1:21:38men not being able to work with children so small.

1:21:50 > 1:21:52James is just 23 years old, and in January this year,

1:21:52 > 1:21:55parents had him removed from a class on the first day

1:21:55 > 1:21:58of his very first job.

1:21:58 > 1:22:00Because I was a man,

1:22:00 > 1:22:02it wouldn't be appropriate for me to work in early years, basically

1:22:02 > 1:22:04because of safeguarding concerns, they were worried particularly

1:22:04 > 1:22:11what the parents might think and stuff like that.

1:22:11 > 1:22:13I was obviously shocked as you might expect,

1:22:13 > 1:22:16but also I had heard stories and rumours that this was the kind

1:22:16 > 1:22:24of thing you could kind of expect.

1:22:28 > 1:22:30As part of that early years strategy, the government

1:22:30 > 1:22:31set up a task force.

1:22:31 > 1:22:34Its aim was to advise them on how to improve gender diversity.

1:22:34 > 1:22:37It is chaired by David Wright, he runs Paint Box nurseries

1:22:37 > 1:22:40in Southampton, and has helped set up a network of men in early

1:22:40 > 1:22:41years across the UK.

1:22:41 > 1:22:43We do have a problem attracting good staff,

1:22:43 > 1:22:45and 50% of the population are excluded from that

1:22:45 > 1:22:47because they are not interested, they don't know

1:22:47 > 1:22:50that they are welcome and there is a career for them they are.

1:22:50 > 1:22:52Because it is mostly female staff working here,

1:22:52 > 1:22:55they do act in some sense as gatekeepers, and I think

1:22:55 > 1:22:56there is the whole issue

1:22:56 > 1:22:59around your sense of masculinity - what do you tell your friends down

1:22:59 > 1:23:07the pub that you're doing?

1:23:22 > 1:23:28Despite that figure of 2% not having changed almost 20 years, there are

1:23:28 > 1:23:32pockets across the country where those are improving and David and

1:23:32 > 1:23:39his team want that to improve across the country.

1:23:39 > 1:23:41Let's talk to David Wright - he runs Paintpot Nurseries

1:23:41 > 1:23:44in Southampton and is Chair of the Government's Taskforce

1:23:44 > 1:23:46on increasing the number of men in early years.

1:23:46 > 1:23:47June O'Sullivan's from the London Early Years

1:23:47 > 1:23:49Foundation, who are today launching their strategy

1:23:49 > 1:23:51for increasing men in early years.

1:23:51 > 1:23:53Shaddai Tembo is Head of the Bristol Men in Early Years Network

1:23:53 > 1:23:57and Imran Hafeez is from the National Literacy Trust

1:23:57 > 1:24:00in Bradford and works to encourage more men to get involved

1:24:00 > 1:24:03with the early years sector.

1:24:03 > 1:24:07Welcome, all of you. I start with this message from Simon. I started

1:24:07 > 1:24:12my career as a nursery nurse/ teaching assistant when I was 16. I

1:24:12 > 1:24:21am now 33 and I am in early years teacher. So much has changed. I

1:24:21 > 1:24:24remember a comment from a teacher saying I must be a paedophile to

1:24:24 > 1:24:28want to work with young children. At the time, this mortified me and made

1:24:28 > 1:24:34me question my choice. However, I realised this was the very reason I

1:24:34 > 1:24:38needed to carry on, to challenge these damaging perceptions and to

1:24:38 > 1:24:43encourage other men to consider this career. Let's cut to the chase, this

1:24:43 > 1:24:47is one of the issues that puts people off?Absolutely. There is

1:24:47 > 1:24:50still a massive stereotype of men working in early years and it's been

1:24:50 > 1:24:54that way for a long time and is still the case now, which is why we

1:24:54 > 1:24:58are here today to promote the message that men working in early

1:24:58 > 1:25:03years is a good thing for boys and girls, to promote equality in wider

1:25:03 > 1:25:09society.How do we overturn that worried for some parents, that

1:25:09 > 1:25:14misconception from some parents, that prejudice from some parents?I

1:25:14 > 1:25:17suppose it is down to the representation that we have now in

1:25:17 > 1:25:20early years settings and education settings, for that to represent

1:25:20 > 1:25:25society as a whole so that when we go into early years settings that

1:25:25 > 1:25:32Mono gendered monocultural, it is not representative of society. There

1:25:32 > 1:25:37has been a space for the debate to happen for many years where that has

1:25:37 > 1:25:41been a space for a father to be involved as well and over that

1:25:41 > 1:25:46change has happened.You wouldn't necessarily get the same attitude

1:25:46 > 1:25:53towards male teachers in primary or secondary schools, would you?As you

1:25:53 > 1:25:58come down the age groups in terms of education, you do see more concern

1:25:58 > 1:26:03and people express this as a sense of fear and a feeling they have that

1:26:03 > 1:26:06it's inappropriate for men to be involved with children, the younger

1:26:06 > 1:26:13they are, and we do see that in primary schools. 55% of primary

1:26:13 > 1:26:17schools have no men in them and only about 14% of the workforce are mild

1:26:17 > 1:26:27air. And most men are often in leadership roles, not with younger

1:26:27 > 1:26:34age groups.This is madness. As we said in the introduction, 25,000

1:26:34 > 1:26:38vacancies?I know. Eight years ago we did research and we have only

1:26:38 > 1:26:42slightly improved. We have always had quite a lot of men in Battersea

1:26:42 > 1:26:48but you need women to support men. That is the irony. The barrier isn't

1:26:48 > 1:26:51necessarily the men, it's the women's anxiety about letting men

1:26:51 > 1:26:57into what is often a comfortable women's zone. Often also head

1:26:57 > 1:27:01teachers like me have to be brave about supporting men so that when

1:27:01 > 1:27:08parents say things like oh, I don't want him changing my Child's nappy,

1:27:08 > 1:27:15you as the CEO have got to say, I'm sorry, we are not putting up extra

1:27:15 > 1:27:18cameras, we have a trusting relationship with this person and if

1:27:18 > 1:27:23you do not agree with that, you are in the wrong nursery, I am sorry.

1:27:23 > 1:27:29When I ask the men who work for me, there are 22 of them, they said they

1:27:29 > 1:27:34want the women to appreciate the fact that they are part of the game.

1:27:34 > 1:27:40What do you mean?That you are all part of the team. Sometimes women

1:27:40 > 1:27:46can be insensitive to that sort of stuff, so it is quite complex but

1:27:46 > 1:27:50it's quite interesting, actually, did a different elements and also

1:27:50 > 1:27:55look at children.That is fascinating. What difference does it

1:27:55 > 1:28:00make having male teachers, male nursery workers around toddlers?I

1:28:00 > 1:28:05guess the end goal for what we're doing to challenge stereotypes in

1:28:05 > 1:28:09wider society and we know the best place to do that is in early years.

1:28:09 > 1:28:13With more men in early years, we increase the diversity of the

1:28:13 > 1:28:18workforce.But when you are free, you are not -- when you are three,

1:28:18 > 1:28:23you are not bothered about gender diversity, are you?You are not

1:28:23 > 1:28:30looking at it specifically but if you have a greater diversity of role

1:28:30 > 1:28:33models in early years, that increases the scope of role models

1:28:33 > 1:28:38and what they can be when they are older.What is your view on why it

1:28:38 > 1:28:43is important to toddlers to have men around when they are little.They

1:28:43 > 1:28:50are bothered about gender roles in that they want men to interact with

1:28:50 > 1:28:55at this stage in their life.Sorry, let's not get on top on this. They

1:28:55 > 1:28:58are not bothered if it is the man or woman when they are two or three,

1:28:58 > 1:29:03they just want to play.We really need to be looking at their being

1:29:03 > 1:29:09men there for them to play with. All sorts of men, we don't want to

1:29:09 > 1:29:12stereotype in terms of what we are offering two children, but also the

1:29:12 > 1:29:16children are not getting the opportunity to interact with men in

1:29:16 > 1:29:21life, and these formative years were the children and we need to be

1:29:21 > 1:29:27developing Norman relations for them with men and women. If we want a

1:29:27 > 1:29:31diverse and inclusive society, then this is when it starts, in the early

1:29:31 > 1:29:35years. And there is research to say that men and women interact in

1:29:35 > 1:29:39different ways with children. It is a question of balance, a question of

1:29:39 > 1:29:44broadening that experience for children.Imran, you are reborn a

1:29:44 > 1:29:48nursery teacher yourself and you try to encourage more men into that

1:29:48 > 1:29:52sector. How do you do that? -- you are a former nursery teacher

1:29:52 > 1:30:00yourself.One of the things in education at the moment is around

1:30:00 > 1:30:05the gender gap in literacy and that is the focus we have in Bradford

1:30:05 > 1:30:08between girls and boys and the issue is that it starts at the very early

1:30:08 > 1:30:12age and it relates to how children are supported at home and actually

1:30:12 > 1:30:17what goes on in the early years settings. If we can encourage and

1:30:17 > 1:30:23support more role models like we saw in the film earlier into early

1:30:23 > 1:30:28years, if we can encourage more dads as well...How, what do you say? You

1:30:28 > 1:30:33need to be here because, what?It is to do with the significance you

1:30:33 > 1:30:38having your child's upbringing and development and lots of research

1:30:38 > 1:30:47shows that reading is one of the parent tasks that we do, there is

1:30:47 > 1:30:51research that shows that you as a dad will have more of an impact with

1:30:51 > 1:30:57your child if you read a book with them.I love that. Don't you?As

1:30:57 > 1:31:07well as the power of dads to see the power that they carried from a very

1:31:07 > 1:31:15young age...What did you say?Bless all wound. I had a very positive

1:31:15 > 1:31:22upbringing and I am blessed, but for those who have not had a positive

1:31:22 > 1:31:27upbringing, researchers and family dynamics will say if there has been

1:31:27 > 1:31:30abuse, for example, that can be accentuated and seen in

1:31:30 > 1:31:34relationships later on in life as well. Those messages really resonate

1:31:34 > 1:31:37and if we as professionals in early years settings ask that question,

1:31:37 > 1:31:41what are we doing about our own gender stereotypes and how that

1:31:41 > 1:31:45impacts on our service users, then we begin to look at the timing of

1:31:45 > 1:31:51the sessions that will suit the needs of the men. Is this particular

1:31:51 > 1:31:55display the right colour?Really basic stuff that's worth thinking

1:31:55 > 1:32:03about.Yes.June, this strategy you were working today, how are we going

1:32:03 > 1:32:08to get more men working in the early years sector?We need more

1:32:08 > 1:32:11ambassadors. We find it very interesting that younger boys never

1:32:11 > 1:32:14considered this but when we work with boys in schools they are

1:32:14 > 1:32:19fascinated by the idea of being a man in child care about being part

1:32:19 > 1:32:23of the teaching team. They are very interested in child development and

1:32:23 > 1:32:27I think that is exactly what Imran is saying is the spin off, because

1:32:27 > 1:32:32the research in literacy in boys is scary. The more we can do to support

1:32:32 > 1:32:36that by having boys reading, being part of the experience, having those

1:32:36 > 1:32:41conversations. The other thing is we need a national debate on this, and

1:32:41 > 1:32:44National advisory board where all the really interesting things that

1:32:44 > 1:32:51are going on our centralised.

1:32:51 > 1:32:53are going on our centralised. So there is a point where you can go in

1:32:53 > 1:32:56and buy things out. For example, when you recruit boys, when you

1:32:56 > 1:32:58advertise to men, you have to use different language.Give me an

1:32:58 > 1:33:07example. What words do you use?We use more scientific words, like you

1:33:07 > 1:33:13do with dads. Not the soft words like caring and nurturing, we use

1:33:13 > 1:33:16science and brave words. We also add them, so when they came for their

1:33:16 > 1:33:21open day, we had a lot of feed and that was really interesting.If it

1:33:21 > 1:33:28works, hey!We pizza and all that and it did draw a lot more young men

1:33:28 > 1:33:34in.Anthony has Techfit to say he thinks it's grossly unfair that

1:33:34 > 1:33:39young men are not considered fit to teach young children. This will have

1:33:39 > 1:33:43a considerable negative impact when it comes to teaching and men and

1:33:43 > 1:33:48women. Another one from Simon saying he taught early years were 26 years,

1:33:48 > 1:33:51rewarding and challenging and I was lucky enough to work with

1:33:51 > 1:33:54headteachers who valued by passion and gave me the opportunity to

1:33:54 > 1:33:57develop high quality provision for children and families. The problem

1:33:57 > 1:34:02with a greeting to this sector is that there is a lack of

1:34:02 > 1:34:08encouragement to go into early years education let alone on men. Thank

1:34:08 > 1:34:13you very much all of you. We really appreciate your time and patience.

1:34:13 > 1:34:17Still to come in the last half an hour of the programme, the Prime

1:34:17 > 1:34:20Minister is expected to announce her response to the Salisbury nerve

1:34:20 > 1:34:24agent attack this lunchtime. And we would talk more about what we can

1:34:24 > 1:34:25expect with Norman

1:34:25 > 1:34:29Smith from Westminster.

1:34:29 > 1:34:31And the student march aimed at challenging America's

1:34:31 > 1:34:34controversial gun laws.

1:34:34 > 1:34:38Students will leave the classrooms for 17 minutes to honour the 17

1:34:38 > 1:34:42students killed in the recent shootings in Florida. We will speak

1:34:42 > 1:34:47to some of those students behind the movement in the next half an hour.

1:34:47 > 1:34:49Time for the latest news - here's Joanna Gosling.

1:34:49 > 1:34:51Britain's most famous scientist, Professor Stephen Hawking,

1:34:51 > 1:34:57has died at the age of 76.

1:34:57 > 1:34:59Hawking's fame came largely from his best-selling

1:34:59 > 1:35:01book, "A Brief History of Time" which outlined his theories

1:35:01 > 1:35:02about the universe.

1:35:02 > 1:35:04He had a brilliant career despite being diagnosed with motor

1:35:04 > 1:35:07neurone disease in 1964 and being told he had just

1:35:07 > 1:35:14a few years to live.

1:35:14 > 1:35:19Russia's Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov has accused the British

1:35:19 > 1:35:21government are flagrantly trying to mislead the international community

1:35:21 > 1:35:25over claims is of year nerve agent was used in Salisbury. The Kremlin

1:35:25 > 1:35:30has insisted they are way connected to the poisoning of the former

1:35:30 > 1:35:34Russian double agent Sergei Skripal and his daughter. Theresa May is to

1:35:34 > 1:35:37respond today after chairing a meeting of the National Security

1:35:37 > 1:35:38Council.

1:35:38 > 1:35:41Five councils in England will be asked to draw up plans to improve

1:35:41 > 1:35:43community cohesion in their areas as part of wider

1:35:43 > 1:35:44proposals on integration.

1:35:44 > 1:35:45Other proposals outlined in the government's

1:35:45 > 1:35:47Integrated Communities Strategy green paper include teaching

1:35:47 > 1:35:49British values in schools, promoting the English language

1:35:49 > 1:35:57and for councils to provide language tuition to non-English speakers.

1:35:57 > 1:36:00Around a third of NHS clinics and a quarter of private ones

1:36:00 > 1:36:02offering breast implant surgery in England have not sent any patient

1:36:02 > 1:36:04data to a national safety registry.

1:36:04 > 1:36:06NHS Digital set up the service in 2016 to safeguard

1:36:06 > 1:36:07patients after the PIP

1:36:07 > 1:36:15scandal, when thousands of women received faulty implants.

1:36:16 > 1:36:18Women who have had surgery are now being urged to make

1:36:18 > 1:36:21sure their details are added to the register.

1:36:21 > 1:36:24The creators of The Crown have admitted Claire Foy who portrays

1:36:24 > 1:36:25the Queen was paid less than her male counterpart.

1:36:25 > 1:36:28Matt Smith's portrayal of a young Duke of Edinburgh earned him more

1:36:28 > 1:36:30than Foy's Golden Globe-winning performance as Queen Elizabeth

1:36:30 > 1:36:37in the Netflix drama.

1:36:37 > 1:36:39The show's producers said Smith's previous starring role

1:36:39 > 1:36:46in Doctor Who meant he was paid more than his co-star.

1:36:46 > 1:36:49That's a summary of the latest BBC News.

1:36:49 > 1:36:50Thank you.

1:36:50 > 1:36:57Here's some sport now with Hugh.

1:36:57 > 1:37:01Manchester United boss Jose Mourinho says he doesn't want to make a drama

1:37:01 > 1:37:03of the Champions League last 16 exit at the hands of Sevilla.

1:37:03 > 1:37:06United were beaten 2-1 at Old Trafford to miss out

1:37:06 > 1:37:07on the quarter finals.

1:37:07 > 1:37:15After the lacklustre display, Mourinho said he had 'no regrets'.

1:37:16 > 1:37:18Chelsea take a 1-1 draw to Barcelona for their second leg later.

1:37:18 > 1:37:21Manager Antonio Conte says his players will have to suffer

1:37:21 > 1:37:24for periods away against the team top of the Spanish top flight.

1:37:24 > 1:37:27Great Britain's Menna Fitzpatrick and her guide Jen Kehoe have

1:37:27 > 1:37:29won their third medal at the Winter Paralympics

1:37:29 > 1:37:31with silver in the women's visually impaired giant slalom.

1:37:31 > 1:37:39It takes Britain's tally in Pyeongchang up to 5...

1:37:40 > 1:37:44One away from the seven medals that they targeted. Finally...

1:37:44 > 1:37:47And Buveur D'Air retained his Champion Hurdle title on the opening

1:37:47 > 1:37:48day of the Cheltenham Festival.

1:37:48 > 1:37:50The '6-4 on' favourite ridden by Barry Geraghty gave trainer

1:37:50 > 1:37:53Nicky Henderson a seventh victory in the race.

1:37:53 > 1:37:58That some of the sport now, more after 11am.

1:37:58 > 1:38:01This lunchtime, the Prime Minister will set out measures the government

1:38:01 > 1:38:03will take against Russia because of the nerve agent

1:38:03 > 1:38:04attack in Salisbury.

1:38:04 > 1:38:09In the last 30 minutes, the Russian Foreign Minister has said that there

1:38:09 > 1:38:12has been no progress in discussions with Britain about the attack and

1:38:12 > 1:38:23they have claimed the UK is" flagrantly trying to mislead the

1:38:23 > 1:38:27international community". Norman Smith is at Westminster. What kinds

1:38:27 > 1:38:31of things will Theresa up with at lunchtime?She will be looking at

1:38:31 > 1:38:35whether we kick out a whole load of Russian diplomats based in London

1:38:35 > 1:38:39who we may suspect of being spies, for want of a better word. We may

1:38:39 > 1:38:46also look at expanding asset freezes and travel bans on some of Putin's

1:38:46 > 1:38:52close allies. And possibly saying officials and dignitaries linked to

1:38:52 > 1:39:02the British double team do not go to the World Cup. We may press for RT

1:39:02 > 1:39:06and Russia Today to be taken off the airwaves. That comes with problems.

1:39:06 > 1:39:11There is a lot of unease about the idea of closing down a Russian

1:39:11 > 1:39:14television station, a lot in Westminster take the view that is

1:39:14 > 1:39:18not what Western democracy does, that is the kind of thing

1:39:18 > 1:39:23totalitarian regimes get up to. Real reluctance to go down that road.

1:39:23 > 1:39:27Similarly, some talk about maybe just the England football team not

1:39:27 > 1:39:31to go to Russia. I think there is the view that the only people that

1:39:31 > 1:39:34would hurt would be England football fans. In terms of asset freezes and

1:39:34 > 1:39:41travel bans, actually, there are a lot of those up and running already.

1:39:41 > 1:39:47After the Russian invasion of Crimea, the EU imposed asset freezes

1:39:47 > 1:39:53and travel bans on 149 people linked to President Putin. It is not

1:39:53 > 1:39:56immediately obvious. There are a load of other people out there Matt

1:39:56 > 1:40:03McCants that these bans on. The range of options, when you get down

1:40:03 > 1:40:07to the nitty-gritty, and the economic sanctions against Russia, a

1:40:07 > 1:40:11lot of those are already in place -- a lot of other people there that

1:40:11 > 1:40:15they can put these bans on. The range of options that Theresa May

1:40:15 > 1:40:20has is quite difficult and limited. Norman, thank you.

1:40:20 > 1:40:28You will be able to see what the Prime Minister comes up with

1:40:28 > 1:40:33here on BBC News. Too many communities in this country are too

1:40:33 > 1:40:37segregated, the government says, and it's time to put an end to that. It

1:40:37 > 1:40:41is planning to spend £50 million over the next two is to help people

1:40:41 > 1:40:45become more integrated. Teaching English is a big part of that, as

1:40:45 > 1:40:46Sajid Javid, Communities

1:40:46 > 1:40:51Secretary, has explained this morning.In the strategy this

1:40:51 > 1:40:56morning, one of the top is boosting English-language skills. We estimate

1:40:56 > 1:41:05there is about 770,000 people settled in Britain, who speak or

1:41:05 > 1:41:08know a tiny bit of English. If you cannot speak the language of

1:41:08 > 1:41:12Britain, how will you get on in society and take advantage of all of

1:41:12 > 1:41:18the opportunities there? We will be working with the Department for

1:41:18 > 1:41:21Education and one thing that we will do is work through community-based

1:41:21 > 1:41:25groups. It isn't just going to work. If you have a lady from Bangladesh

1:41:25 > 1:41:30who has been here for 30 years and not learned English, you can't just

1:41:30 > 1:41:34knock on her door and give her a leaflet. You need someone from her

1:41:34 > 1:41:38own community to meet and encourage her, take her to a place or

1:41:38 > 1:41:41community centre that she knows what is familiar with. These are the

1:41:41 > 1:41:43strategies we will roll out

1:41:43 > 1:41:50across the country.The Communities Secretary there. Earlier I spoke to

1:41:50 > 1:41:53Dame Louise Casey, she was the author of the government integration

1:41:53 > 1:41:57review.We had to remember that the government cut significantly, and

1:41:57 > 1:42:05Sajid is clear on that. It was over a long period of time, we cut

1:42:05 > 1:42:10English-language classes and I think that was a mistake but those English

1:42:10 > 1:42:15language classes should be targeted at working age women and everybody,

1:42:15 > 1:42:19working age people who do not have English. Personally I would set a

1:42:19 > 1:42:25date. It is or is helpful to say, look, let's take five years, let's

1:42:25 > 1:42:27work our way through this. Governments have done that on other

1:42:27 > 1:42:32issues. I don't see why they cannot on this.

1:42:32 > 1:42:35Let's talk now to Samayya Afzal who grew up during the race riots

1:42:35 > 1:42:37of 2001 in Bradford, she's now engagement manager

1:42:37 > 1:42:40at Muslim Council of Britain.

1:42:40 > 1:42:43Rupa Huq is Labour MP for Ealing and this week received

1:42:43 > 1:42:47an Islamaphobic "punish a Muslim letter."

1:42:47 > 1:42:51We discussed this on the programme on Monday. Welcome to both of you. I

1:42:51 > 1:42:55would like to get your reaction to some of the things that have been

1:42:55 > 1:42:59suggested in this consultation green paper from the Communities

1:42:59 > 1:43:02Secretary. The first is spending money to ensure that everybody

1:43:02 > 1:43:05learns the English language. Louise Casey said within five years, how do

1:43:05 > 1:43:09you react to that?Of course, everybody learning the English

1:43:09 > 1:43:12language and being able to communicate is a welcome proposal. I

1:43:12 > 1:43:20think that we need to find out more information as to how

1:43:23 > 1:43:24information as to how that will impact communities and what kind of

1:43:24 > 1:43:27funding will go into it, where it will come from, those kinds of

1:43:27 > 1:43:29issues.And how do you react to that? I agree that the

1:43:29 > 1:43:32English-language is a good thing but this government has cut funding for

1:43:32 > 1:43:34English as a foreign language course.There's a college in my

1:43:34 > 1:43:39constituency, they came to Parliament in protest of that. They

1:43:39 > 1:43:43need to match rhetoric with that. It is another consultation, another

1:43:43 > 1:43:47green paper. Often we know the problem in these cases but I fear

1:43:47 > 1:43:50that people have consultation fatigue.Rather than taking action.

1:43:50 > 1:43:58What would you say the main barriers are to people being integrated? I

1:43:58 > 1:44:02grew up in Bradford, in one of the most deprived areas in Bradford, if

1:44:02 > 1:44:07not the UK. We had consultations there and respect people. When we

1:44:07 > 1:44:13talk about barriers, it is greater than what has been sensationalised.

1:44:13 > 1:44:16What are these barriers to integration? Did you feel that there

1:44:16 > 1:44:20were barriers to integrating?In terms of poverty and accessing

1:44:20 > 1:44:27education at a level that is conducive to being able to

1:44:27 > 1:44:32contribute to society. I think that way you live is a huge indicator of

1:44:32 > 1:44:39how well you will do in your life as well. There are a lot of barriers

1:44:39 > 1:44:42that are structural. I think those are the kinds of things that we need

1:44:42 > 1:44:47to be looking at, if the government is serious on integration.Do you

1:44:47 > 1:44:50think it is all right that people want to live with people who aren't

1:44:50 > 1:44:56like them?I mean, there is a phrase birds of a feather flock together. I

1:44:56 > 1:45:10represent a multicultural seat, there are 360,000 people in the

1:45:10 > 1:45:14borough, I represent 70 5000. There is a Polish community, we have

1:45:14 > 1:45:17Synagogues and mosques. There a balance between keeping

1:45:17 > 1:45:21distinctiveness and getting along together and integration is a

1:45:21 > 1:45:25two-way process. We have fish and chips as our national dish, that

1:45:25 > 1:45:32came from the Middle East. Tea is our national drink, it comes from

1:45:32 > 1:45:39India or China but there are no tea Hills in Ealing and Acton. This

1:45:39 > 1:45:46country is richer for it.It depends on, in my case, where my

1:45:46 > 1:45:49grandparents settled and where they came from. Whether they could find

1:45:49 > 1:45:54work. In city areas, where they could find affordable housing. You

1:45:54 > 1:45:58go to schools in your catchment area, it isn't just due to choices

1:45:58 > 1:46:02you have made yourself but choices made for you. These are the kinds of

1:46:02 > 1:46:05things where, if we want to practically look at integration,

1:46:05 > 1:46:10those are the kinds of things we need to look at and celebrating the

1:46:10 > 1:46:13diversity of British Muslims, looking at how faith communities

1:46:13 > 1:46:17integrate. Only last month, 200 mosques around the UK opened their

1:46:17 > 1:46:25doors for people breaking down barriers, and I think these kinds of

1:46:25 > 1:46:30things are constantly happening. From where I am from as well. It is

1:46:30 > 1:46:36much broader than what has been discussed.

1:46:36 > 1:46:43I would like to ask you about the letter that you received and other

1:46:43 > 1:46:44politicians, other councillors received. This punisher Muslim

1:46:44 > 1:46:52letter. Did you open it ordered a member of your staff?It is being

1:46:52 > 1:46:56treated as a hate crime because it was received by Parliamentary

1:46:56 > 1:47:01office, so stuff is meant to be screened that comes in there. I was

1:47:01 > 1:47:05actually in my committee, but it was one of my staff who opened what

1:47:05 > 1:47:10looks like a normal letter and suddenly there is liquid easing out

1:47:10 > 1:47:15of it. He is actually an ex-special constables he called the police

1:47:15 > 1:47:22immediately.They can very quickly. So along with the letter, you get a

1:47:22 > 1:47:29number of points of what will happen if you do this to a Muslim etc, out

1:47:29 > 1:47:36came a liquid?Yes, it is being investigated at the moment by

1:47:36 > 1:47:40counterterrorism officers. Because on the one hand, MPs like myself are

1:47:40 > 1:47:44used to getting rubbish. Last time I was ideal programme was to talk

1:47:44 > 1:47:48about this kind of thing. But I think these things should be treated

1:47:48 > 1:47:52seriously because at the same time, you don't know if it's a seriously

1:47:52 > 1:47:55noxious one. The particular person who opened it, I think what happened

1:47:55 > 1:48:00then, the office was sealed off. The people who were in there with him

1:48:00 > 1:48:05were quarantined.

1:48:05 > 1:48:07were quarantined. There were people with boiler suits hovering around.

1:48:07 > 1:48:10They had to isolate him and taken to hospital to check him out. It proved

1:48:10 > 1:48:13to be not anything seriously but it was a low-level irritant, I think

1:48:13 > 1:48:18they called it.And the latter is self. How do you react to that?It

1:48:18 > 1:48:23was the same letter that has been doing the rounds, widely publicised,

1:48:23 > 1:48:28but I think Muslim MPs are being focused to receive it. More people

1:48:28 > 1:48:32may be opening them today, so why would say people should be vigilant.

1:48:32 > 1:48:37But does the content of it is appalling, despicable. We are in a

1:48:37 > 1:48:40climate now where maybe post-referendum, we did see a spike

1:48:40 > 1:48:44in hate crime, didn't we? Maybe that has been this climate where people

1:48:44 > 1:48:49feel a bit more emboldened to do such things.OK, thank you very

1:48:49 > 1:48:53much, thank you for coming on the programme.

1:48:53 > 1:48:55Today marks one month since Nikolas Cruz allegedly walked

1:48:55 > 1:48:58into a Florida high school and shot dead 17 people and

1:48:58 > 1:49:02injured another 17.

1:49:02 > 1:49:04It was announced yesterday that prosecutors would seek the death

1:49:04 > 1:49:06penalty for the teen.

1:49:06 > 1:49:09But in response to the tragedy, students from the Marjory Stoneman

1:49:09 > 1:49:13Douglas High School in Parkland are leaving their classrooms today

1:49:13 > 1:49:18in a mass walk-out that will involve students across the United States,

1:49:18 > 1:49:21in a bid to demand tougher gun laws and also pay tribute

1:49:21 > 1:49:27to those who were killed.

1:49:27 > 1:49:29There's also a March for Our Lives student protest

1:49:29 > 1:49:37planned which will take place in Washington a week on Saturday.

1:49:38 > 1:49:40Let's talk now to two students who have organised walk-outs

1:49:40 > 1:49:43in their respective schools.

1:49:43 > 1:49:5017-year-old Meghan Ziembowicz from Michigan and 16-year-old

1:49:50 > 1:49:54Jamison Mae from Massachusetts.

1:49:54 > 1:49:59Thank you very much, both of you, for talking to our British audience.

1:49:59 > 1:50:04Meghan, what do you hope to achieve? We hope to achieve spreading

1:50:04 > 1:50:09awareness that young people will not sit around any longer in America and

1:50:09 > 1:50:13allow pilots to occur. I don't want a death in my community or any

1:50:13 > 1:50:17community and I hope the walk-outs. The show our politicians that we

1:50:17 > 1:50:24have said enough is enough.Jamison, what do you hope it will achieve?

1:50:24 > 1:50:27Exactly the same thing, showing our government that we need common-sense

1:50:27 > 1:50:33gun laws and we need to feel safer in schools. I should not have the

1:50:33 > 1:50:37walk in a hallway and think, where should I hide if a school shooter

1:50:37 > 1:50:41game in right now? I should be thinking about what I'm doing with

1:50:41 > 1:50:47my friend as we can do what I got my maths test.Megan, do you

1:50:47 > 1:50:51acknowledge that some measures are going to be brought in, controls

1:50:51 > 1:50:54with people with mental health issues and certain devices will be

1:50:54 > 1:50:58bad that could make an assault weapon even more dangerous? How much

1:50:58 > 1:51:03progress do you think is being made? I think that progress is being made,

1:51:03 > 1:51:06although progress is slow and I think the continual movement and the

1:51:06 > 1:51:12continual push from adults, educators, students and from all

1:51:12 > 1:51:14people in the United States does need to keep going until we reach

1:51:14 > 1:51:19the progress that we are trying to achieve.Jamison, I think you have

1:51:19 > 1:51:29written a letter to Senator 's that you hope students attending the

1:51:29 > 1:51:35protest will sign. Could you read some for us?Of course. To whom it

1:51:35 > 1:51:41may concern, never again. These words have inspired so many to speak

1:51:41 > 1:51:44out against gun violence seen in this country. We are writing to you

1:51:44 > 1:51:52from our high school. This school community is the heart and soul of

1:51:52 > 1:51:56our town. The fact that we are even writing this letter to you today all

1:51:56 > 1:52:00that school shootings have become somewhat of a norm in the United

1:52:00 > 1:52:03States population is appalling to us. Gun violence in schools across

1:52:03 > 1:52:08the population has skyrocketed in years past and that needs to be

1:52:08 > 1:52:11addressed at the soonest possible moment or the consequences could,

1:52:11 > 1:52:16quite frankly, the deadly. No person in the country should have to fear

1:52:16 > 1:52:20going to work, school or any whereas for that matter. How can we as a

1:52:20 > 1:52:24nation so that we are a land of the free when people are terrified they

1:52:24 > 1:52:27could be killed for being in the wrong place at the wrong time.

1:52:27 > 1:52:31Living in fear is something that no American should ever have to worry

1:52:31 > 1:52:35about. Stronger gun laws need to be implemented not only in

1:52:35 > 1:52:40Massachusetts, what we have also concerned that are considered to be

1:52:40 > 1:52:43the best nation in the world, the United States of America. Every

1:52:43 > 1:52:47system has its faults and together we can start a system that needs to

1:52:47 > 1:52:52happen. The young people of this nation will begin that change.

1:52:52 > 1:52:58Changing the requirements to purchase and buy a firearm can save

1:52:58 > 1:53:03countless lives. Should I keep going, or...That is absolutely

1:53:03 > 1:53:07amazing. Thank you so much, Jamison. We really appreciate that and we

1:53:07 > 1:53:12wish you all the best. Thank you both very much for coming on the

1:53:12 > 1:53:18programme, we appreciate it. Megan is from Michigan.

1:53:19 > 1:53:25The most famous physicist, the most famous scientist of our time, has

1:53:25 > 1:53:30died at the age of 76. He did pioneering work on black holes

1:53:30 > 1:53:35provided inspiration to countless people with disabilities. As he

1:53:35 > 1:53:42himself said it was no barrier to his astonishing work.

1:53:45 > 1:53:47his astonishing work.Theoretical physics is one of the few fields in

1:53:47 > 1:54:04which being disabled is no handicap. It is all in the mind. I find

1:54:04 > 1:54:07humour...I can't believe someone I never heard of it hanging out with a

1:54:07 > 1:54:13guy like me.All right, it is closing time.He was paying the tab?

1:54:13 > 1:54:29I didn't say that.Yes I did. D'oh! !You really didn't like our paper?

1:54:29 > 1:54:36I liked your paper very much.Then why are you attacking us?If you

1:54:36 > 1:54:42were sitting in a chair for 40 years, then you would get bored too.