0:00:02 > 0:00:03LION ROARS
0:00:30 > 0:00:33Hello and welcome to Animal Park, I'm Ben Fogle.
0:00:33 > 0:00:40And I'm Kate Humble and we're out in new area with Africa's biggest antelope, the Eland.
0:00:40 > 0:00:43This is a very special year for these beautiful creatures,
0:00:43 > 0:00:47because it's the first time in eight years they've had some youngsters here at Longleat.
0:00:47 > 0:00:52- And very enchanting, they are too. I love their little stripes.- So sweet.
0:00:52 > 0:00:53They are absolutely beautiful.
0:00:53 > 0:00:58We've got lots of stories coming up for you today from the safari park, including...
0:00:58 > 0:01:04The lions loved their rope toy so much, they wrecked it in a week, but will the new one last any longer?
0:01:07 > 0:01:09Mayhem has broken out in the aviary.
0:01:09 > 0:01:13The spoonbills are at war and the casualties are mounting.
0:01:14 > 0:01:17They're definitely not giving it any time at all,
0:01:17 > 0:01:20and if they keep hounding it like that, they'll kill it.
0:01:20 > 0:01:25And we pay a visit to some of the smartest rats in the world.
0:01:25 > 0:01:29They've been trained to find land mines, absolutely amazing isn't it?
0:01:33 > 0:01:36But first, we're off to lion country.
0:01:36 > 0:01:38LION ROARS
0:01:39 > 0:01:45Despite being the most fearsome predators in the park, the lions of Longleat are surprisingly playful.
0:01:48 > 0:01:54For cubs Malaika and Jasira, it's a way of learning the crucial skills of hunting and fighting.
0:01:57 > 0:02:00For the adults, its practise.
0:02:00 > 0:02:05The scratching post is a favourite of Charlie's pride.
0:02:05 > 0:02:12And last week, Kate helped put up some brand new rope toys for the cubs to play with.
0:02:12 > 0:02:19- That's quite tough. - Both Malaika and Jasira loved their new playground, as did their father.
0:02:20 > 0:02:22- LAUGHTER - Awwww!
0:02:22 > 0:02:28But male lions are incredibly powerful animals
0:02:28 > 0:02:30and over the last few days,
0:02:30 > 0:02:34Kabir and Mfue have given the playground a bit of a beating.
0:02:37 > 0:02:39This is the remnants of some of the playthings
0:02:39 > 0:02:43Kate helped keeper Bob Trollope make for the lions here in their enclosure.
0:02:43 > 0:02:46Bob, basically they've trashed the place.
0:02:46 > 0:02:49Yes, unfortunately it is no more.
0:02:49 > 0:02:51- It lasted less than a week? - Less than a week.
0:02:51 > 0:02:54But it shows they obviously enjoyed everything.
0:02:54 > 0:02:57They did, the cubs were playing on it all the time.
0:02:57 > 0:03:01So that's obviously Jasira and Malaika,
0:03:01 > 0:03:05- but they surely couldn't have done all this damage themselves? - No, Dad helped.
0:03:05 > 0:03:07- Right, so that's Kabir?- Yes.
0:03:07 > 0:03:09But the one who did most of the damage was Mfue.
0:03:09 > 0:03:12Mfue is from the other pride who is here.
0:03:12 > 0:03:17Most probably because of the scent of Kabir and the cubs on there,
0:03:17 > 0:03:21he has trashed it and tried to kill that.
0:03:21 > 0:03:28- The plan today is we are trying to make this male lion-proof.- Parent proof, I suppose.- What have we got?
0:03:28 > 0:03:31We have these solid wooden blocks.
0:03:31 > 0:03:36This is silver birch and we will dangle some of these so they can still bite and claw.
0:03:36 > 0:03:40We've actually got some that we were halfway through doing.
0:03:40 > 0:03:44Shall we have a look at what we made earlier?
0:03:44 > 0:03:50- Presumably this is part of the enrichment, keep them busy and just to keep them entertained?- It is.
0:03:50 > 0:03:53What have we got here? This is a very heavy ball.
0:03:53 > 0:03:58Yes, this is like a trawler net float.
0:03:58 > 0:04:02Presumably, the idea of this is it's supposed to be indestructible.
0:04:02 > 0:04:08These are the only things we've found that resemble a ball of any sort that they cannot break.
0:04:08 > 0:04:10They can scratch it and bite it.
0:04:10 > 0:04:13But not actually pop it, obviously?
0:04:13 > 0:04:19We're still working on this, so we've taken the tape off so it is completely lion-friendly as well.
0:04:19 > 0:04:21What else have we got here?
0:04:21 > 0:04:23We've got one we are dangling.
0:04:23 > 0:04:25Hopefully they will swing on this.
0:04:25 > 0:04:28Then we have one of the fenders here,
0:04:28 > 0:04:31we saw Jasira climb up and jump on to it.
0:04:31 > 0:04:33So it's obviously something to amuse them.
0:04:33 > 0:04:39Obviously Jasira and Malaika love all of this, but mum and Kabir are also going to come up?
0:04:39 > 0:04:44They all play with it. Obviously the two youngsters play with it mostly,
0:04:44 > 0:04:47but they all play with it. That's what we wanted.
0:04:47 > 0:04:52The big question is, do you think this is going to survive the dad test, the parent test?
0:04:52 > 0:04:57I'm pretty sure the ball and the wood will, but whether the rope does?
0:04:57 > 0:04:59There's only one way to find out.
0:04:59 > 0:05:06Join us later in the programme when we find out whether this is indeed lion- and parent-proof.
0:05:23 > 0:05:27The park's aviary is one of the largest of its kind in Europe.
0:05:27 > 0:05:30It's home to a wide variety of exotic birds,
0:05:30 > 0:05:36including Chilean flamingos, sacred ibis and four species of duck.
0:05:40 > 0:05:43Longleat's four spoonbills arrived here 18 months ago.
0:05:43 > 0:05:48Since then they've lived happily together...until today.
0:05:52 > 0:05:55Suddenly, two of them have declared war,
0:05:55 > 0:05:59relentlessly hounding one of the other spoonbills to within an inch of its life.
0:06:04 > 0:06:09Keeper Michelle Stephens has rounded up the bullied bird and brought it inside the house.
0:06:09 > 0:06:14Now, she's called the safari park vet, Duncan Williams, to make sure it's OK.
0:06:14 > 0:06:17It's got a few bashes around its face.
0:06:17 > 0:06:21He has been bullied a little bit by the others.
0:06:21 > 0:06:24I will listen to his chest.
0:06:24 > 0:06:30'Luckily, the spoonbill has no serious injuries, but he has been terrified by his ordeal.'
0:06:32 > 0:06:36His heart's going so fast, he's so stressed.
0:06:36 > 0:06:40'Duncan decides the best thing is to keep him inside to recover.'
0:06:44 > 0:06:49Meanwhile, back outside, the pair of bullies have found a new victim.
0:06:49 > 0:06:52They've turned on the fourth spoonbill.
0:06:52 > 0:06:55- Where's the other one at the moment? - At the back.
0:06:56 > 0:07:01Neither Duncan nor the keepers have ever seen this kind of behaviour before.
0:07:01 > 0:07:06They're at a loss to know how to control the spoonbill pair's aggression.
0:07:06 > 0:07:12I don't really know why because it's only happened in the last day and a half,
0:07:12 > 0:07:15that these two, this pair have been picking on it.
0:07:15 > 0:07:18They're definitely not giving it any time at all,
0:07:18 > 0:07:20and if they keep hounding it like that, they'll kill it.
0:07:23 > 0:07:28There is nothing for it, but bring the other bullied spoonbill into the safety of the house.
0:07:28 > 0:07:35Desperate for a solution, keepers call in the man who set up the aviary, bird expert Mike Curzon.
0:07:35 > 0:07:38Steady, steady, steady, steady.
0:07:38 > 0:07:42This is the one we've caught so far.
0:07:42 > 0:07:47'Mike has worked with spoonbills for over 40 years.'
0:07:47 > 0:07:50How long do you think we should keep him in for?
0:07:50 > 0:07:56I'd keep them in now until the middle of the summer.
0:07:56 > 0:08:01'Spoonbills are monomorphic, which means boys and girls look exactly the same.
0:08:01 > 0:08:08'DNA testing when these four arrived indicated they were all male.
0:08:08 > 0:08:12'Nevertheless, Mike thinks he knows what the problem is.
0:08:12 > 0:08:16'Even if they are both boys, it's possible that the two bullies
0:08:16 > 0:08:20'have formed a pair bond, which will explain their aggressive behaviour.'
0:08:21 > 0:08:28With no females around, those two males will take the part of a pair
0:08:28 > 0:08:32and behave as a pair and be aggressive.
0:08:32 > 0:08:38Mike thinks the size of the spoonbill group is also contributing to the problem.
0:08:38 > 0:08:43Anything that lives in a colony whether its people, birds,, you always get bickering.
0:08:43 > 0:08:48They shout across the garden fence to each other and neighbours fall out with each other.
0:08:48 > 0:08:52The problem is with the spoonbills, there are only four.
0:08:52 > 0:08:56If there is any aggression from two, it is on to the other two.
0:08:56 > 0:09:01If you have a complete colony, a larger number,
0:09:01 > 0:09:06bickering isn't taken out on individuals, they can't be singled out.
0:09:06 > 0:09:09It's spread through the group.
0:09:09 > 0:09:13If you watch the flamingos, there is constant bickering going on.
0:09:13 > 0:09:18It doesn't become aggressive because something else happens
0:09:18 > 0:09:24or another one walks by and walks between them.
0:09:24 > 0:09:27It doesn't usually become violent.
0:09:28 > 0:09:35And the more there are in the colony, then it spreads the load.
0:09:36 > 0:09:42Thankfully, the two bullied spoonbills have recovered well from their ordeal.
0:09:42 > 0:09:49For now, they will be kept safely apart until some spoonbill girls can be brought in to calm the boys down.
0:09:49 > 0:09:55I think the important thing now is to find probably one of the continental zoos who are breeding them
0:09:55 > 0:09:57and bring in four females.
0:09:57 > 0:10:02And then hopefully everything in the garden will be rosy.
0:10:02 > 0:10:07A lot of activity, then a lot of noise and then hopefully a lot of little spoonbills.
0:10:16 > 0:10:19The park is home to a number of primate species,
0:10:19 > 0:10:22from western lowland gorillas Samba and Nico
0:10:22 > 0:10:25to around 80 rhesus macaque monkeys
0:10:25 > 0:10:30and the Geoffrey's marmosets, Mike, Michelle and baby Mandu.
0:10:33 > 0:10:36Geoffrey's marmosets come from the rainforests of Brazil.
0:10:36 > 0:10:41Sadly, due to disappearing habitat, they are now classed as vulnerable in the wild.
0:10:44 > 0:10:51At Pets Corner, keeper Jo Hawthorne has looked after the marmosets since they arrived four years ago
0:10:51 > 0:10:54and designed their open enclosure herself.
0:10:54 > 0:10:59These highly intelligent monkeys are some of her favourite animals.
0:10:59 > 0:11:03I absolutely love primates anyway, and these guys because they are so small,
0:11:03 > 0:11:06I find it amazing that they're so clever.
0:11:06 > 0:11:11The chimpanzees and the orang-utans, and the bigger primates,
0:11:11 > 0:11:14these guys are as every bit as clever but just in a small package.
0:11:14 > 0:11:21Just to watch them, I think the visitors get a thrill out of seeing the little human things they do.
0:11:21 > 0:11:25Recently, Jo has been studying animal management at college,
0:11:25 > 0:11:29learning about how to enrich animals' lives in captivity.
0:11:29 > 0:11:33Now, to give the marmosets a stimulating mealtime experience,
0:11:33 > 0:11:38Jo is going to encourage them to feed as they would in the wild.
0:11:38 > 0:11:42This is actually very exciting.
0:11:42 > 0:11:47Look, it's three broom heads actually turned the odd way up.
0:11:47 > 0:11:52And basically this is going to be something for the marmosets to forage in and find food.
0:11:52 > 0:11:55I have some lovely wax worms which are their favourite,
0:11:55 > 0:11:59I will drop those down into the brush head.
0:11:59 > 0:12:04Obviously in the wild, these guys would do what we call a visual glean,
0:12:04 > 0:12:08so they will see these little things squiggling around in the undergrowth
0:12:08 > 0:12:14and by dropping them in here, they will have to dive in and have a look and forage for them.
0:12:19 > 0:12:23In their native habitat, marmosets live in tall trees
0:12:23 > 0:12:26and rely on their excellent eyesight to find food.
0:12:29 > 0:12:35Straightaway, Jo's new feeding method attracts their attention.
0:12:38 > 0:12:41As soon as obviously I put them in, they are down to have a look.
0:12:41 > 0:12:45Wax worms and meal worms and things like that, they absolutely love.
0:12:45 > 0:12:49Any squiggly movement in that brush, they will be there.
0:12:49 > 0:12:53If they can't get it from the top, they will look round the sides and grab it
0:12:53 > 0:12:58while it's falling down in between the brushes. They are onto it so it's great.
0:12:58 > 0:13:00It works superbly this, really well.
0:13:00 > 0:13:03There's certainly nothing wrong with their eyesight
0:13:03 > 0:13:11so next, Jo wants to encourage the marmosets to find hidden food using their sense of smell.
0:13:11 > 0:13:16What we've got here is actually a jelly which we make up for them every day.
0:13:16 > 0:13:21It's like you and me making a jelly at home, you make up the mixture and you put it in the fridge
0:13:21 > 0:13:26and it sets, nice and hard, so you get it out and it doesn't wibble-wobble like ours at home.
0:13:26 > 0:13:29But it's basically got lots of protein in there for them.
0:13:30 > 0:13:32What's this? What's this?
0:13:33 > 0:13:37They're watching me and thinking, "What's she got for me now?"
0:13:37 > 0:13:41They're very inquisitive. So come and have a look, check it out.
0:13:41 > 0:13:44The marmosets are clearly interested,
0:13:44 > 0:13:49but first they want to establish the coconut isn't dangerous.
0:13:49 > 0:13:53They're used to seeing coconuts hanging up the right away around with the food in.
0:13:53 > 0:13:57But seeing on hanging up that way, it's like, what is going on?
0:13:57 > 0:14:02We will be back to see if the marmosets pluck up their courage or if they shy away.
0:14:11 > 0:14:13Up in lion country,
0:14:13 > 0:14:17the adult males have been trashing the old rope toys.
0:14:19 > 0:14:24Earlier today, keeper, Bob Trollope and I fixed up some new ones.
0:14:24 > 0:14:29Now the time has come to put the new toys to the test.
0:14:31 > 0:14:35Bob, we're hoping this is all now completely parent proof.
0:14:35 > 0:14:37Hopefully, fingers crossed.
0:14:37 > 0:14:41Now, just talk us through who we've got. We've got the two young cubs?
0:14:41 > 0:14:43We've got Malaika and Jasira.
0:14:43 > 0:14:45Is that Malaika in the front?
0:14:45 > 0:14:47Malaika is the one following Luna.
0:14:47 > 0:14:51Jasira is in front of dad and that is obviously Kabir.
0:14:51 > 0:14:54So it's mum that's leading the way?
0:14:54 > 0:14:59Yeah, I'd have thought Kabir would have been the first one in there, but obviously not.
0:14:59 > 0:15:02So obviously, we've left a lot of our own kind of scent around there.
0:15:02 > 0:15:06Is that what they're going to be sniffing out in the first instance?
0:15:06 > 0:15:08I think Luna will be a bit more cautious.
0:15:08 > 0:15:11But the others are playing with that ball.
0:15:11 > 0:15:17- And obviously Malaika and Jasira are still getting on fantastically well? - Yeah, brilliantly.
0:15:17 > 0:15:22Yeah, they're good for each other because there's only a couple of months difference in their age.
0:15:22 > 0:15:27Are they getting more aggressive as they get older?
0:15:27 > 0:15:31Not towards each other. They just play harder, let's say.
0:15:31 > 0:15:35And have they both got very distinguishable personalities now?
0:15:35 > 0:15:40Oh, without a doubt. Jasira, the one just wandering off there, she's very much like her mum, Luna.
0:15:40 > 0:15:43A bit more mischievous, a bit more adventurous.
0:15:43 > 0:15:49You say "adventurous". She's kind of prowling around on her own now
0:15:49 > 0:15:52while her half-sister is definitely more interested
0:15:52 > 0:15:55in the toys.
0:15:55 > 0:15:57Mum's having a little sniff there as well.
0:15:57 > 0:16:02I think the names reflect their character as well because Malaika means "angel".
0:16:02 > 0:16:04She's a bit more angelic than Jasira.
0:16:04 > 0:16:07And Jasira means "courageous".
0:16:07 > 0:16:10Bob, obviously, we've made all of these play things here.
0:16:10 > 0:16:14Would they find natural play things in the wild?
0:16:14 > 0:16:18They would come across things, especially the youngsters would play with.
0:16:18 > 0:16:20You know, everyday things...
0:16:21 > 0:16:25elephant dung, rhino dung they would play with.
0:16:25 > 0:16:28I suppose tortoises to a certain extent if they ever came across them.
0:16:28 > 0:16:35It is amazing how inquisitive they are and how kind of cat-like, as in domestic cat-like.
0:16:35 > 0:16:40Jasira now is not quite sure what to make of the hanging rope.
0:16:40 > 0:16:45If you were to sit here for hours and hours, you would see so many things that your own cat would do.
0:16:45 > 0:16:50Obviously, it's instilled in them to play.
0:16:50 > 0:16:55Although is that playing, or is that a sort of "I'm not quite sure what this is"?
0:16:55 > 0:16:59Not quite sure. Never seen anything like that before, so she's being a little bit cautious.
0:16:59 > 0:17:04And you see how the tail... Oh, look, there she goes. She's going to go up to the top, is she?
0:17:04 > 0:17:06She's having a look from the top. Bit safer there.
0:17:06 > 0:17:09So here comes dad now.
0:17:09 > 0:17:12He wants to come and see what we're doing.
0:17:12 > 0:17:16He's more concerned with the Land Rover than toys. That's for the kids.
0:17:16 > 0:17:21And is he just going to circle us and check that we aren't a threat, or does he already know that?
0:17:21 > 0:17:27He sees vehicles every day. He's just most probably more interested where we've been walking around.
0:17:27 > 0:17:30It's a little bit of scent enrichment just by us walking around.
0:17:30 > 0:17:35So he'll just be investigating things like that, going off and checking his territory.
0:17:35 > 0:17:38Found a bit of poo to roll in.
0:17:38 > 0:17:40Having a little roll over there.
0:17:40 > 0:17:46And mum's not too concerned about them being off on their own and getting into trouble?
0:17:46 > 0:17:49She keeps an eye on them.
0:17:49 > 0:17:52But she's a very good mum.
0:17:52 > 0:17:54Jasira playing with mum.
0:17:54 > 0:17:58Stealing it from her, saying, "I want it!"
0:17:58 > 0:18:00She's trying to drag it off and kill it.
0:18:00 > 0:18:03That's interesting with the back foot on there.
0:18:03 > 0:18:08If that was a bit of prey or whatever, she would be disembowelling it with her back leg.
0:18:08 > 0:18:14So they are kind of replicating what they would do if they actually had prey out in the wild.
0:18:14 > 0:18:17Well, Bob, thank you very much.
0:18:17 > 0:18:23Let's hope, anyway, that this lasts longer than the seven days that the last one lasted for.
0:18:35 > 0:18:41Recently, I went up to Pets Corner to meet head of section Darren Beasley's newest arrivals.
0:18:41 > 0:18:44- What's it? - It's my brand new babies, Kate.
0:18:44 > 0:18:47Shall I move the newspaper? You're dying to see, aren't you?
0:18:47 > 0:18:51I am. Oh! Goodness me!
0:18:51 > 0:18:55It looks like a cross between a rat and a kangaroo. It's enormous!
0:18:55 > 0:19:02In fact, these two giant African pouched rats are still just juveniles.
0:19:02 > 0:19:06As they mature, they can grow to be over two feet long.
0:19:06 > 0:19:12They're far too big to be kept in a hamster cage, so Darren has given them their own enclosure.
0:19:12 > 0:19:17I'm in the rat house of Pets Corner with head of section Darren Beasley
0:19:17 > 0:19:22and the two very handsome, although not terribly friendly at the moment, pouched rats.
0:19:22 > 0:19:25This is the first time I've seen them in here,
0:19:25 > 0:19:29cos the first time I met them, you'd only really just got them and they were living in your office.
0:19:29 > 0:19:33How have they done with moving to a much bigger space in here?
0:19:33 > 0:19:37Obviously, it's better for them. They've got more enrichment stuff now.
0:19:37 > 0:19:40They've got more logs to climb and chew and generally please themselves.
0:19:40 > 0:19:45Slightly more difficult for me, though, because I don't have so much control over them.
0:19:45 > 0:19:49I physically have come in with them and get into the rat tank, as it were,
0:19:49 > 0:19:54which is not a bad thing, but you've got to remember this is their home.
0:19:54 > 0:19:57If ever you're working with an animal, they need space to get away.
0:19:57 > 0:20:04They may not be very approachable at the moment, but Darren has high hopes for these giant rats.
0:20:04 > 0:20:07He's planning to train them.
0:20:07 > 0:20:11Now, tell me about why you're bothering to train them.
0:20:11 > 0:20:17These are very, very intelligent creatures and the more we can fill and enrich their brain, the better.
0:20:17 > 0:20:20But also, I do know that these animals
0:20:20 > 0:20:22are trained in Africa, their country of origin,
0:20:22 > 0:20:25and they're trained cos they've got such an intelligence
0:20:25 > 0:20:28and a great sense of smell, to find land mines.
0:20:28 > 0:20:30It's an incredible, incredible thing.
0:20:30 > 0:20:32It's using its full ability.
0:20:32 > 0:20:35He's using every gram of his sense of smell,
0:20:35 > 0:20:41as he would to find all his food and danger in the wild and we want to bring him out of this environment.
0:20:41 > 0:20:45Can you imagine if I can walk him around Pets Corner - I've got a little halter.
0:20:45 > 0:20:49If I can walk him around Pets Corner and let him sniff out all the wonderful things.
0:20:49 > 0:20:53- It would be fantastic. - It's great for them and, hopefully, great for us as well.
0:20:53 > 0:20:58How do you begin training an animal like a giant pouched rat?
0:20:58 > 0:21:04Nearly every single animal learns by association or a connection of things.
0:21:04 > 0:21:08What I want to do is, by using this - I put a little bit of orange scent on here...
0:21:08 > 0:21:10- Can you see that?- Yes. - That's nice and smelly.
0:21:10 > 0:21:15He'll come and smell that and I'm going to make a silly little noise, like a click noise.
0:21:15 > 0:21:18The idea is that, every time he smells this orange scent,
0:21:18 > 0:21:22he knows there'll be a food reward or something nice for him at the end,
0:21:22 > 0:21:28and eventually he should get confident enough to follow me and my target anywhere we go.
0:21:28 > 0:21:31If I put it over here, you should see he'll come and sniff it. There we go.
0:21:31 > 0:21:34Actually grabbed it. Look at that.
0:21:34 > 0:21:36DARREN "CLICKS"
0:21:36 > 0:21:37Come this way with it.
0:21:37 > 0:21:41DARREN "CLICKS"
0:21:41 > 0:21:45And you see his whiskers going as well. Really sensitive whiskers.
0:21:45 > 0:21:47His ears are going. He's all over the place there.
0:21:47 > 0:21:51So all his senses, as you say, are absolutely on full alert.
0:21:51 > 0:21:55Working doubly overtime. They are very, very aware of their surroundings.
0:21:55 > 0:22:00They've got to look after themselves in the wild. They need those key senses - hearing and sense of smell -
0:22:00 > 0:22:05to be on tip-top form. This is encouraging that, not letting it lie dormant. He'll not be a big fat rat
0:22:05 > 0:22:10laying in a cage watching the world go by. He'll be a fighting fit and very aware rat.
0:22:10 > 0:22:14Eventually, I should be able to hide objects around Pets Corner
0:22:14 > 0:22:18as little mini rat challenges, put a bit of orange scent on them and they should find them.
0:22:18 > 0:22:21They'll go and find them and get some enjoyment out of that.
0:22:21 > 0:22:26At first it'll be, "Hey, we're getting food," but then it will be just, "Let's go and explore."
0:22:26 > 0:22:28- It'll be rat hide-and-seek.- Exactly.
0:22:28 > 0:22:30Dog chases a ball or a stick.
0:22:30 > 0:22:34We'll have rats chasing little smelly orange foam balls, I hope.
0:22:34 > 0:22:37Well, Darren, very, very good luck with them.
0:22:37 > 0:22:42I look forward to coming back to Pets Corner one day and seeing hunting rats out and about.
0:22:42 > 0:22:47- They are magnificent animals and I hope the training goes well. - Thank you.- Thanks, Darren.
0:23:06 > 0:23:11Back at the marmoset enclosure, Jo Hawthorn is setting them a dinner-time challenge.
0:23:14 > 0:23:18In their natural rain-forest habitat in Brazil, these highly intelligent
0:23:18 > 0:23:22little monkeys have to use all their senses to survive.
0:23:22 > 0:23:27Jo has already encouraged the marmosets to use their eyesight to find food.
0:23:27 > 0:23:31Now, to encourage them to use their sense of smell,
0:23:31 > 0:23:37she's hidden a special protein jelly inside an upturned coconut.
0:23:37 > 0:23:42Neither Mike, Michelle nor baby Mandu has ever seen an upside-down
0:23:42 > 0:23:46coconut before, so at first they're naturally wary of it.
0:23:47 > 0:23:51They're very inquisitive but very cagey, so anything new...
0:23:51 > 0:23:56It's a bit like when they come out of the morning in their natural habitat and they see something
0:23:56 > 0:23:59that's not quite right, that's out of place.
0:23:59 > 0:24:06It's a good thing to be very kind of cagey about something out of the ordinary.
0:24:07 > 0:24:13Each marmoset has their own personality suited to their role within the family.
0:24:13 > 0:24:17Dad is always very level-headed.
0:24:17 > 0:24:20He's always the one that will come at first, who will pave the way.
0:24:20 > 0:24:23So he'll think, "Oh, actually, that's OK."
0:24:23 > 0:24:28I wouldn't say he's really nosy, but he'll sensibly go out and have a look
0:24:28 > 0:24:33and the others follow from that. So second to that you'll get Mandu come straight out after her dad.
0:24:33 > 0:24:39"Well, if he can do it, I'm going to do it." Mum has always been the very fearful one.
0:24:39 > 0:24:42She's kind of, "Well, you know, I'm not sure."
0:24:42 > 0:24:44She always sits back, always has done.
0:24:46 > 0:24:51After the marmosets have had their protein, it's time for dessert.
0:24:51 > 0:24:54Having encouraged them to use their eyesight and sense of smell,
0:24:54 > 0:24:58Jo now wants to stimulate their sense of touch.
0:24:58 > 0:25:01Basically, we've got a tray here of chippings
0:25:01 > 0:25:04and I'm going to bury and half scatter this fruit
0:25:04 > 0:25:07in amongst the chippings, and we've got this grid
0:25:07 > 0:25:10which we're going to place over the top
0:25:10 > 0:25:12so they have to feel through and work for their dinner.
0:25:12 > 0:25:14I'm going to put this in here now.
0:25:16 > 0:25:19We'll turn it over a bit, make it a bit more difficult.
0:25:19 > 0:25:22We've got some nice blueberries here.
0:25:22 > 0:25:26Greens are very important, so we've got some green beans there,
0:25:26 > 0:25:30some apple, mango, and we're going to put this grid over the top here.
0:25:35 > 0:25:36Here we are, guys.
0:25:36 > 0:25:39What's this?
0:25:39 > 0:25:43Come on, then, guys, you've got to work for your dinner today.
0:25:45 > 0:25:49You've got to imagine, if you've got big bits of fruit and they have to go
0:25:49 > 0:25:53and find the fruit and have to get it in an awkward position,
0:25:53 > 0:25:56this makes it much more realistic for them.
0:25:58 > 0:26:00And it gets harder, the less fruit.
0:26:00 > 0:26:03It's getting like a needle in a haystack now.
0:26:03 > 0:26:06They have very big brains for any kind of primate.
0:26:06 > 0:26:08You think how small they are.
0:26:08 > 0:26:13They have a larger brain capacity than most other primates.
0:26:13 > 0:26:18So, although they're very small, it does make them extremely intelligent.
0:26:18 > 0:26:23Some of them, I'd say, are as intelligent as us. He's really working to get a piece out here now.
0:26:24 > 0:26:27So they'll keep going. It's like you and me.
0:26:27 > 0:26:32If we really want something to eat at the bottom of the freezer and we have to look for it, then we'll do it.
0:26:32 > 0:26:34I think these guys are kind of pretty much the same.
0:26:34 > 0:26:39The marmosets seem to be enjoying the hunt for the tasty fruit.
0:26:39 > 0:26:46Jo is delighted to see them showing some of the natural behaviour they would use to survive in the wild.
0:26:46 > 0:26:49It's good to know that although we have them in this environment,
0:26:49 > 0:26:52where there are people around - they know me -
0:26:52 > 0:26:56they've still got some of that kind of fearful element,
0:26:56 > 0:26:59so they're always very careful still, which is nice to know.
0:26:59 > 0:27:01They're in a free-ranging enclosure
0:27:01 > 0:27:04amongst all these hundreds of visitors that we get in every day
0:27:04 > 0:27:08and it's nice to know that they'll still hold back and they'll still
0:27:08 > 0:27:10kind of take the time to suss something out.
0:27:10 > 0:27:13So that's really good. They're so clever.
0:27:13 > 0:27:17Every day they do something, I think, "Cor, how did you know to do that?!"
0:27:17 > 0:27:21So they might be very small but they're very clever.
0:27:42 > 0:27:48We're up at the tapir enclosure with dad Jethro and mum Jessie.
0:27:48 > 0:27:51Sadly, we've come to the end of this current series of Animal Park,
0:27:51 > 0:27:54- but we've had some amazing memories.- We really have.
0:27:54 > 0:27:57There were the wolf cubs born and of course the lion cubs,
0:27:57 > 0:28:01which took everyone by surprise cos nobody was expecting that.
0:28:01 > 0:28:04I know. And of course it was the 40th anniversary here,
0:28:04 > 0:28:09and we even found out that these guys, the tapirs, are Lord Bath's favourite, and I can see why.
0:28:09 > 0:28:15I can, too. You are a big, soppy date, aren't you, Jethro? Sadly, that's all we've got time for today.
0:28:15 > 0:28:17We've really enjoyed being here.
0:28:17 > 0:28:22- Thank you so much for watching and we look forward to seeing you again soon. Bye.- Bye-bye.
0:28:35 > 0:28:37Subtitles by Red Bee Media Ltd.
0:28:37 > 0:28:41E-mail subtitling@bbc.co.uk