:00:19. > :00:23.May is an incredibly tough month for so many of the world's newest
:00:23. > :00:27.and most vulnerable animal babies. We are following some of the babies
:00:27. > :00:37.around the world and around the clock as they face some of the
:00:37. > :00:55.
:00:55. > :01:00.biggest challenges of their lives. Welcome to Northern Minnesota,
:01:00. > :01:05.where May is the crucial time for our newly emerged black bear cubs
:01:05. > :01:11.to learn the skills that they need to survive in this wilderness.
:01:11. > :01:17.8,000 miles away, it is an equally crucial time for our young animals
:01:17. > :01:23.and that is where Richard Hammond It is. Even though this is the
:01:23. > :01:28.first dry night since we got here to the Masai Mara, it is the rainy
:01:28. > :01:34.season. That make it is tough for the lions. It is all very exciting
:01:34. > :01:39.here. There is also a baby elephant
:01:39. > :01:44.around here! May is a month unlike any other in the natural world. The
:01:44. > :01:54.challenges it brings to the lives of the baby animals around the
:01:54. > :01:54.
:01:54. > :01:59.planet are the toughest that they face. Together we are following the
:01:59. > :02:05.action, 24/7 and reporting on events as they unfold. Tonight, the
:02:05. > :02:09.latest on how the hungry lion cub, mojo is getting on. Julia is
:02:10. > :02:16.reporting on developments for the my greating grey whale cubs and
:02:16. > :02:23.find out about the dangers facing the baby black bears and we meet
:02:23. > :02:27.Swift, a tiny meerkat scratching a living in the Kalahari. These are
:02:27. > :02:32.real-life dramas. We are bringing you all the latest twists and turns
:02:32. > :02:37.as they happen, both here and on the web.
:02:37. > :02:43.It really is very exciting. From the base here in Minnesota, we are
:02:43. > :02:47.following the migration of the grey whales as they head up the coast of
:02:47. > :02:52.California, 5,000 miles to the feeding grounds in the ARCHIVE:.
:02:52. > :02:57.This is the migration that they have to make. I had an encount we
:02:57. > :03:03.are a whale in Mexico, it is an incredible experience, the whales
:03:03. > :03:07.came to us. The mothers tend to nudge the calves towards you,
:03:07. > :03:12.almost encouraging an encounter. It is strange and spectacular, but in
:03:12. > :03:14.the boat you still don't get a feel for the size of these enormous sea
:03:15. > :03:23.creatures. This is our satellite truck.
:03:23. > :03:31.It has been able to beam Planet Earth Live live to you around the
:03:31. > :03:35.world. That truck weighs about 13 tonnes. A female grey whale cow
:03:35. > :03:40.weighs between 30 and 40 tonnes, that is about three of our trucks.
:03:40. > :03:50.This is the length and the size of Australia grey whale calves, about
:03:50. > :03:51.
:03:51. > :03:58.now, that is 18 feet. Today is was -- then he was one tonne, today he
:03:58. > :04:04.is ten tonnes. He is feeding off his mother's fat-rifpl milk, trying
:04:04. > :04:08.to put on blubber for his arduous journey. The mother is starving.
:04:08. > :04:13.She has not eaten for months. She still has not evenen on this
:04:13. > :04:18.journey, but that is the least of her troubles.
:04:18. > :04:28.This is Monterey Bay in California, where a wrong turn could cost the
:04:28. > :04:33.grey whale calf its life. This is a crucial point in the
:04:33. > :04:37.migration of the grey whales. At this stage they have covered about
:04:37. > :04:43.1,000 miles, moving slowly through the waters at no more than five
:04:43. > :04:47.miles an hour. The calf sometimes hitching a ride on its mother's
:04:47. > :04:53.back. Then they arrive here, there are two options, they can hug the
:04:53. > :04:58.coastline, or they can take a short cut across the Monterey cranion. It
:04:58. > :05:04.is more than a mile deep. Once they are in these waters, they are
:05:04. > :05:09.incredibly vulnerable to an attack by a killer whale.
:05:09. > :05:14.The mother and the calf I encountered in Baha will be coming
:05:14. > :05:24.through here. I know which option I would go for, but then I'm not an
:05:24. > :05:24.
:05:24. > :05:29.ocean giant. I would be quite scared.
:05:29. > :05:32.You are standing on my grey whale, get off, thank you very much! We
:05:32. > :05:39.have spotters all along the coast of California. They are letting us
:05:39. > :05:44.know when it comes in. 1,000 baby calves are leaving the sanctuary of
:05:44. > :05:48.the waters of California, we know that one in three will not make the
:05:48. > :05:58.journey. We know there are killer whales on the hunt it was only a
:05:58. > :06:03.
:06:03. > :06:13.matter of time before our crew got We have a kale that there are
:06:13. > :06:13.
:06:13. > :06:18.killer whales so, a possible attack here.
:06:18. > :06:23.Well, I'm going to leave you with a cliff hanger. I want you to come
:06:23. > :06:28.back later to see what has happened. All I will say it is the most
:06:28. > :06:34.remarkable bit of footage. We have captured something on film that has
:06:34. > :06:39.never been caught before. It is amazing. It has our team in
:06:39. > :06:44.Africa as blown away as the them that filmed it. We will bring you
:06:44. > :06:49.that later on. Meanwhile, welcome back to the Masai Mara. We are at
:06:49. > :06:56.the northern tip of the Serengeti wastelands.
:06:56. > :07:03.But look, I am outside. I am not wet. It is given us a thrill here.
:07:03. > :07:07.The place is alive with animals. We will bring you some pictures, but
:07:07. > :07:10.before that, just list and enjoy the night... That is the sound of
:07:11. > :07:16.the African night. It is magnificent, but we must not forget.
:07:16. > :07:22.It is the rainy season, that is why we are here. Times are tough for
:07:22. > :07:29.the lions out there. Especially for the two lions that have captivated
:07:29. > :07:33.us all, mojo, the cub and his mother. Mojo is skiny, he is
:07:33. > :07:37.struggling, he needs a constant supply of meat. It is hard work.
:07:37. > :07:43.His mum is trying to find that for him, but of course it is not just
:07:43. > :07:50.that, she has to contend with the neighbours from hell. Mojo and his
:07:50. > :07:56.mum roam the wilderness. Constantly alert, but they are not just
:07:56. > :08:04.searching for food, there are predators to evade. Hyena clans
:08:04. > :08:09.patrol the plains. Africa's most common carnivores,
:08:09. > :08:13.and they are not fussy about what they eat.
:08:13. > :08:22.And with teeth, designed to crush bone, there are no manners at the
:08:22. > :08:29.dinner table. Strength in numbers often gives
:08:29. > :08:34.them the upper hand against the lions.
:08:34. > :08:41.And a clan of hyena, certainly would not hesitate to take on a
:08:41. > :08:51.single lioness and her cub. But one of the biggest threats to
:08:51. > :08:52.
:08:52. > :09:02.mojo's mum is other lionesss. They may be smaller than the males,
:09:02. > :09:08.
:09:08. > :09:14.but they are not to be messed with. Females from other prides could
:09:14. > :09:20.attack mojo's mum and chase her off, leaving mojo exposed, but it is
:09:20. > :09:26.male lions that mojo should be truly afraid of.
:09:26. > :09:36.If one was to find Moja, he would kill him. So he can then further
:09:36. > :09:38.
:09:38. > :09:43.his own dynasty. This is called infanticide.
:09:43. > :09:50.All that to contend with. Let's not forget that right now she has to
:09:50. > :09:57.feed her baby, she has to hunt but the prey is scarce in this rainy
:09:57. > :10:02.season. It is a daily struggle, for Moja, he needs meat. If he does not
:10:02. > :10:07.eat, the muscle wastes quickly with a young lion. When we heard that
:10:07. > :10:14.mum was out hunting, we knew we had no time to waste. I headed straight
:10:14. > :10:19.out with Jackson to see her in action.
:10:19. > :10:25.Her hunt had been successful. But she was exhausted.
:10:25. > :10:31.She was dragging another good-sized warthog over bumpy ground and
:10:31. > :10:36.through long thick grass. That is a tough, rainy exhausting
:10:36. > :10:46.day she is having. She wants to drag it closer, enough
:10:46. > :10:47.
:10:47. > :10:54.so that if she calls, Moja could still hear mum's call and come from
:10:54. > :10:57.halfway. She does look so thin.
:10:57. > :11:03.And she is panting. Yes.
:11:03. > :11:08.Is she listening for the hyena or is she just exhausted? She is
:11:08. > :11:13.resting. She is pulling then resting.
:11:13. > :11:23.Pulling then resting. It is genuinely exhausting just
:11:23. > :11:26.
:11:26. > :11:30.watching! She's left be hind! has left. She is exhausted. She is
:11:30. > :11:34.not walking with it. That is a big decision to just
:11:34. > :11:41.make? Yeah, but she has to take that gamble.
:11:41. > :11:47.And while she is going to get her cub, the hyena could come? We hope
:11:47. > :11:57.that they don't come. After an agonising wait, we finally
:11:57. > :12:04.
:12:04. > :12:14.saw movement on the horizon. With no hyena's around, Moja can
:12:14. > :12:37.
:12:37. > :12:41.finally enjoy a proper meal. Looking at Moja's mum close up,
:12:41. > :12:51.Jackson thinks she might be an old friend.
:12:51. > :12:55.I've met this lioness before. This is Tamu! I hope you've got goose
:12:55. > :13:01.bumps showing, because I did at that moment. I did promise you a
:13:01. > :13:06.big story with Moja and his mum. This is it. Jackson believes she is
:13:06. > :13:12.a legendary linon es that he knew some year ago. He can piece the
:13:12. > :13:16.story of how she and Moja became an outcast. We are getting to that
:13:16. > :13:23.later on. First, now, lots of insects, this is the first we have
:13:23. > :13:28.seen as it is dry. There are a lot out tonight. Toby's team are
:13:28. > :13:32.following the Whiskers group. May has been dry for them, unlike us,
:13:32. > :13:41.so that means that they are having to make new decisions about their
:13:41. > :13:46.off-spring. This is Swift, a five week-old
:13:46. > :13:51.meerkat pup. She is facing a very uncertain future.
:13:51. > :13:55.This year, the rains did not come. So food here is very thin on the
:13:55. > :14:03.ground. May 2012 is going to be a make or
:14:03. > :14:09.break month for Swift. She has a brother and two sisters.
:14:09. > :14:13.I'm filming Swift and her large extended family, known as the
:14:13. > :14:17.Whiskers Group in this parched corner of the Kalahari. For Swift,
:14:17. > :14:22.the advantage of being part of a large family, is that there are
:14:22. > :14:26.always many eyes on the look-out for danger.
:14:26. > :14:30.The disadvantage is that the limited food must be shared with
:14:30. > :14:40.many mouths. So if you are the smallest and the weakest, you will
:14:40. > :14:42.
:14:42. > :14:50.lose out. Here, Swift... Hello, little one.
:14:50. > :14:55.You're letting me touch you! You are tiny! This year, the meerkats
:14:55. > :15:03.have had a very bad year. The odds are not brilliant.
:15:03. > :15:07.It's about 50/50 that a meerkat pup will make it to two months old.
:15:07. > :15:14.Swift's life will depend on getting enough to eat. The responsibility
:15:14. > :15:18.for making sure that she and the rest of the family are well fed,
:15:18. > :15:23.rests squarely with the dominant female, Emily. Today, as always,
:15:23. > :15:32.she is scouring their territory for good places to forage, but food is
:15:32. > :15:35.getting harder and harder to come Swift has to keep up, or she will
:15:35. > :15:40.lose out. On top of this, Swift and the pups
:15:40. > :15:43.are too small to find their own food.
:15:43. > :15:49.Meerkats dig away their own body weight and sand just to get a
:15:49. > :15:56.mouthful. So the pups are utterly dependant
:15:56. > :16:01.on the adults. There is fierce competition.
:16:01. > :16:09.Swift is extremely feisty and determined not to miss out to her
:16:10. > :16:14.siblings. In the middle here I can see 12 to
:16:14. > :16:20.14 adults foraging around. When they find a pup, they listen, who
:16:20. > :16:24.is here in the middle? Swift? Swift's begging means she is
:16:24. > :16:30.getting the lion's share of the food, but by late morning, even she
:16:30. > :16:37.is going hungry. There is just not enough food.
:16:37. > :16:42.Emily is going to have to come up with a plan.
:16:42. > :16:46.She leads Swift and the family to the road that marked the edge of
:16:47. > :16:53.their territory. There are rich pickings on the
:16:53. > :17:03.otherside, but it is a huge risk. A couple of months ago we lost
:17:03. > :17:07.
:17:07. > :17:15.three meerkats in a couple of weeks. Swift has never seen a road before.
:17:15. > :17:20.She's quickly disorientated. The family start to cross, she has
:17:20. > :17:25.to stick with the adults. But she hesitates and gets left
:17:25. > :17:35.behind. OK. We have a lorry coming. It is about 30 feet from our
:17:35. > :17:37.
:17:37. > :17:44.meerkat. What are you doing? By some miracle
:17:44. > :17:54.she make it is. And she is reunited with the family.
:17:54. > :17:55.
:17:55. > :18:01.Fortunately, it seems that Emily's gamble has paid off.
:18:01. > :18:06.But this full larder belongs to someone else... Emily has led them
:18:06. > :18:13.into the territory of a rival group. If those two groups meet there will
:18:13. > :18:19.be a full-on fight. The chances are that we could easily lose a pup.
:18:19. > :18:25.With the day wearing on, Emily has to make a decision.
:18:25. > :18:31.Cross the road back to safety, but little food, or take a chance and
:18:31. > :18:39.stay on in the new territory? Either way, Swift's life will be
:18:39. > :18:44.put on the line. Well, things are getting tense for
:18:44. > :18:49.Swift and her family. Toby and the team are back out in the Kalahari
:18:49. > :18:53.in the morning, bringing the latest twists and turns so you can have
:18:53. > :18:58.that news on Sunday. We are in North America, we are following the
:18:58. > :19:02.migration of the grey whales. We knew there was a possibility that
:19:02. > :19:07.killer whales would intercept our greys. It has happened. What we are
:19:07. > :19:11.about to show you is very powerful and dramatic footage of nine
:19:11. > :19:21.killers moving in to ambush a mother and a calf. It is
:19:21. > :19:46.
:19:46. > :19:56.We got a kale in from the sister ship that -- we got a kall in from
:19:56. > :20:04.
:20:04. > :20:08.the sister ship that there are some -- call.
:20:08. > :20:14.We have a gray whale here on the left. By the time the crew arrived,
:20:14. > :20:23.30 minutes later, the killer whales were in the final stages of their
:20:23. > :20:28.attack on the gray whale kaf -- calf.
:20:28. > :20:38.They had managed to separate the calf from its mother and were
:20:38. > :20:47.
:20:47. > :20:51.repeatedly pushing it under the To even witness an attack is
:20:51. > :20:59.surprising, but what happened next is truly remarkable. To the best of
:20:59. > :21:05.our knowledge it has never been filmed before.
:21:05. > :21:10.As the Orca continue their attack, the crew notice two humpback whales
:21:10. > :21:14.who seem to be intervening in an effort to protect the gray whale an
:21:14. > :21:21.her baby. They appear to be placing their own bodies between the
:21:21. > :21:27.wounded gray whale calf and the killer whales.
:21:27. > :21:34.Sadly, despite their best efforts, they could not save the calf, but
:21:34. > :21:37.the humpback whales remained in the area, following the Orcas, rolling
:21:37. > :21:44.and tail-slashing in an effort to prevent the killer whales from
:21:44. > :21:52.feeding. Six hours later, the humpbacks were
:21:52. > :21:57.still there, but the killers shared the spoils with the albatrosses,
:21:57. > :22:01.while the gray whale mother continued her journey north alone.
:22:01. > :22:06.Even though we were expecting an attack, there was no guarantee we
:22:06. > :22:10.would be able to film it. It is a rare occurrence indeed. It does not
:22:10. > :22:14.make it any easier to watch. It is also hard even with the film, to
:22:14. > :22:18.actually see what is happening, but there are a couple of things that
:22:19. > :22:22.strike you about the encounter. First of all, the method that the
:22:23. > :22:27.killer whales use. They are transient, they are bigger than
:22:27. > :22:32.other Orcas. You can see the killer whale bearing down on the calf.
:22:32. > :22:37.That is the gray calf there. The killers bare down on the calf, to
:22:37. > :22:42.push them under the water to drown them. That is the technique. The
:22:42. > :22:46.pod works together in order to do that. Something that is common in
:22:46. > :22:51.these situations is that the mother, the gray whale mother is obviously
:22:51. > :22:55.fighting for the life of her young. She does everything she can to
:22:55. > :23:02.protect her calf, including getting between the killer whales and the
:23:02. > :23:06.calf and pushing her calf out of the water to prevent it from
:23:06. > :23:11.drowning. You can see that calf rise there, lurching out of the
:23:11. > :23:17.water. It is extraordinary, it must have been incredible to be so close.
:23:17. > :23:23.We are going live to Los Angeles to a live witness.
:23:23. > :23:27.This is Elissa, a researcher. Good afternoon to you.
:23:27. > :23:31.Good afternoon. You were a few feet away, in the
:23:31. > :23:37.boat, what are your observations about the attack, you have
:23:37. > :23:42.witnessed several of them? What I saw was a killer whale hitting at
:23:42. > :23:48.the gray whale calf. Another looked like it was trying to separate the
:23:48. > :23:54.moth frer the calf. Then I saw the head of the calf coming out. Then
:23:54. > :24:00.it surfaced and submerged under the water, a young killer whale calf
:24:00. > :24:04.popped up when the gray whale calf had gone down. This is unusual.
:24:04. > :24:07.Normally they are kept away. This looked like it was a learning
:24:07. > :24:12.experience, learning like it was in killer whale school.
:24:12. > :24:19.Of course, the Orcas, the killer whales have to feed as well. That
:24:19. > :24:22.is what this is about. What is your interpretation of the humpback
:24:22. > :24:27.whales' intervention, something never seen before on film?
:24:27. > :24:31.never it was amazing. One of the first things that I saw was a
:24:31. > :24:35.humpback whale, surfacing exactly where the mother and calf was,
:24:35. > :24:39.putting itself in harm's way. It could have been trying to separate
:24:39. > :24:45.the gray whales from the killer whales it blew my mind. I did not
:24:45. > :24:49.know what was happening. I heard it was giving trumpeting blows and
:24:49. > :24:53.tail-slashes. Then there were seven humpbacks in the area. There was a
:24:53. > :24:58.lot of food in the area, they should have been feeding but they
:24:58. > :25:02.drew together to co-operate. Then they started to follow the killer
:25:02. > :25:07.whales around, trumpeting and slashing their flukes, going up to
:25:07. > :25:12.them. Sticking their heads up. Then extraordinarily, when a killer
:25:12. > :25:16.whale went on its head to feed on the carcass and the humpback came
:25:17. > :25:24.right up against it, blowing, loudly, it was slashing. Was it
:25:24. > :25:28.some sort of altruism? Was it the female coming to the defence of the
:25:28. > :25:32.calf? Unbelievable. Let me move you on to the sound
:25:32. > :25:42.that the humpback whales made. Listen to this, what does it
:25:42. > :25:45.
:25:45. > :25:50.signify from the humpbacks? Wow! That is the trumpeting sound that a
:25:50. > :25:55.humpback whale makes when it is extremely distressed. I have never
:25:55. > :26:01.heard a humpback do it more than twice in a row. It may be when
:26:01. > :26:05.another whale tries to steal its food. We heard that to over several
:26:05. > :26:10.hours. They were in agony. These were really upset. They were not
:26:10. > :26:15.curious whales, they were unhappy. That was amazing, we have never
:26:15. > :26:19.seen or heard anything like that. Thank you very much for that
:26:19. > :26:23.eyewitness report. Remember more than 1,000 gray whale calves are
:26:23. > :26:33.still migrating along the coast. Trying to get to the Arctic waters,
:26:33. > :26:41.trying to get to their feeding grounds. We have teams out on the
:26:41. > :26:46.Bay. We hope to bring you any news. We may be lucky to get more news,
:26:46. > :26:50.the first time in this situation that a humpback has been captured
:26:50. > :26:55.on film in this way. It was not what we were hoping for, but it
:26:55. > :27:00.certainly was unexpected. Amazing footage of an amazing story
:27:00. > :27:06.and a reminder of what a critical time May is in the natural world.
:27:06. > :27:12.It does not end there. Still it come on tonight's show: We
:27:12. > :27:17.bring you the latest story from Gremlin, our baby JRR Tolkien.
:27:17. > :27:27.We find out more about -- toque macaque, we find out more about
:27:27. > :27:30.
:27:30. > :27:36.Tamu, Moja's mum. It is climbing school for the baby bears.
:27:36. > :27:39.Welcome back to the Masai Mara. It is the rainy season. This is our
:27:39. > :27:44.first night. Everything seems to be coming out to celebrate with us.
:27:45. > :27:49.You can hear the frogs, the crickets, and from our thermal
:27:49. > :27:53.camera, there is a hippo. The back is slightly cooler than the rest
:27:53. > :27:58.where it is darker. That has probably been in the water all day,
:27:58. > :28:03.coming out to feed, but when they are out to feed, do not get in
:28:03. > :28:09.their way! Right, moving on, the big story is Moja and his mum. We
:28:09. > :28:15.think we have discovered who she is. When I say "we" you, Jackson, you
:28:15. > :28:21.have discovered who she is, Tamu, who is Tamu? Well, ever since I met
:28:21. > :28:26.this lioness, I knew I had med an old friend. Her behaviour tells me
:28:26. > :28:30.that this lioness is special. So, there are mannerisms the way
:28:30. > :28:35.that she moves, that told you, Jackson, I believe you, but you
:28:35. > :28:43.have more proof? Yes, indeed. Her manners. It is like meeting you. I
:28:43. > :28:47.knew your character. Small irritating! But you are --
:28:47. > :28:52.have absolute proof? Yes, here, one of our pecks perts have taken this
:28:52. > :29:01.photograph a few years ago. I have taken this photograph a few days
:29:01. > :29:05.ago. Now look, the whiskers match from here, these three lines and at
:29:05. > :29:10.the bottom here and the three whisker spots at the bottom here,
:29:10. > :29:15.they match. This is Tamu. These are like fingerprints on us, they are
:29:15. > :29:19.unique to each lion. So that has clinched it as far as you are
:29:19. > :29:26.concerned. This is exciting. There have been so many questions on
:29:26. > :29:29.Facebook and Twitter, asking why are Moja and Tamu outcast from
:29:29. > :29:38.their pride? Well, this positive ID means that we can understand her
:29:38. > :29:47.story. Tamu was born in the Marsh Pride,
:29:47. > :29:52.one of the most successful lion families in the Masai Mara.
:29:52. > :29:57.By the age of four she was already a formidable hunter.
:29:57. > :30:05.She was often the one to make the kill.
:30:05. > :30:13.Whilst the rest of the pride simply strolled in and ate their fill.
:30:13. > :30:18.Fed up with sharing her hard-won gains, she began to hunt on her own.
:30:18. > :30:22.She moved further and further away from the pride.
:30:22. > :30:28.Until eventually, the bond between her and her family was broken,
:30:28. > :30:38.forever. Tamu, was now an outcast. A loner,
:30:38. > :30:39.
:30:39. > :30:45.living on the edge of her homeland. But she still wanted to raise a
:30:45. > :30:50.family. She mated with Notch, the Marsh Pride male.
:30:50. > :31:00.When the other lionesss discovered what she was doing, they chased her
:31:00. > :31:07.
:31:07. > :31:16.out of their territory. Tamu gave birth in the know-man's
:31:16. > :31:19.land between two prides. -- no move man's land between two
:31:20. > :31:29.prides. But no her cubs were vulnerable to
:31:30. > :31:48.
:31:48. > :31:53.attacks by nomadic males. In her fury, she chased him off.
:31:53. > :32:01.But the fight was not without casualties.
:32:01. > :32:11.One of her cubs was badly injured, the cub died within hours. Another
:32:11. > :32:15.
:32:15. > :32:21.two scattered in fear, disappearing into the bush.
:32:21. > :32:29.I know we are all choked up here in Kenya as well. If you think that
:32:29. > :32:33.was emotional, what happens next really proves what an exceptional
:32:33. > :32:40.mum Tamu is. Tamu's young family were in
:32:40. > :32:44.disarray, scattered, but she refused to give up. She and her
:32:44. > :32:50.remaining cub search the area, calling. For two days they tried to
:32:50. > :33:00.track down the lost cubs with no luck. Until, towards the end of the
:33:00. > :33:02.
:33:02. > :33:07.second day... Tamu had lost one of her cubs in the fight, but she had
:33:07. > :33:15.successfuly kept three alive without help or protection.
:33:15. > :33:23.With a mother like Tamu, there was every chance that this compelling
:33:23. > :33:33.family might just make it. -- excelling family might just make
:33:33. > :33:38.
:33:38. > :33:42.It is stagger, I know. Tamu did successfuly raise two of her
:33:42. > :33:48.surviving cubs, but then she disappeared. Everyone thought she
:33:48. > :33:56.was dead until now. With such an astonishing mother, maybe there is
:33:56. > :34:01.hope for Moja. Let's just stay with the mum thing. We know how critical
:34:01. > :34:10.mums are for survival of young babies around the world.
:34:10. > :34:14.So let's eGo go further to Toby. We have a Gremlin who passed a
:34:14. > :34:22.little bit of a milestone. Gavin was there to film it this morning.
:34:22. > :34:25.He sent this in. This is Gremlin.
:34:25. > :34:30.A ten-week-old baby toque macaque. She is the daughter of a low-
:34:30. > :34:33.ranking female. In the strictly hierarchal toque macaque society,
:34:33. > :34:38.this makes her just about the lowest of the low.
:34:38. > :34:48.Mum is too busy getting enough to eat to look after her, so Gremlin
:34:48. > :34:53.
:34:53. > :35:01.is having to learn life's lessons, the hard way.
:35:01. > :35:09.Gremlin has just woken up. The dawn of a new day for her in a
:35:09. > :35:19.big confusing world. All around her, family members
:35:19. > :35:20.
:35:20. > :35:26.groom, hug and make faces at each other, but what does this all mean?
:35:26. > :35:32.The entire troop's social structure revolves around a complex series of
:35:32. > :35:38.posturing, teeth-bearing and calls that the little Gremlin has to
:35:38. > :35:42.learn quickly in order to live her life in the group. As such a low-
:35:42. > :35:52.ranking monkey, she will not get anywhere without being able to say
:35:52. > :35:58.
:35:58. > :36:04.the equivalent of, "Sorry.",, "Excuse me." And, "Thank you."
:36:04. > :36:10.Adults will not stop to remind her who is the boss and their methods
:36:10. > :36:14.are harsh. These are painful lessons for a baby toque macaque,
:36:14. > :36:18.especially when you have no idea you have done something wrong. The
:36:18. > :36:25.truth is, she has not done anything wrong, she is just the lowest of
:36:25. > :36:30.the low and being told this in no uncertain terms.
:36:30. > :36:36.Despite getting a few clips around the ear. She is eager to learn, so
:36:36. > :36:46.when the older ones play, she wants to be involved too, but has to ask
:36:46. > :37:08.
:37:08. > :37:18.nicely first. It's a lesson on who to approach
:37:18. > :37:25.safely... And who is best left well alone.
:37:25. > :37:30.Hector is king of the Temple Troop. The enforcer of toque macaque law.
:37:30. > :37:37.He has led the troop with an iron first for the last two years and
:37:37. > :37:43.will not tolerate any insubordination from upstarts,
:37:43. > :37:47.adult or baby. If he looks you in the eye you must express omission
:37:47. > :37:57.or a beating. They chatter their teeth here in
:37:57. > :37:59.
:37:59. > :38:08.homage to the king. If Gremlin plays this right, she
:38:08. > :38:18.will escape punishment. If she gets it wrong, not even her
:38:18. > :38:22.
:38:22. > :38:32.mother will be able to stop hector enforcing his law.
:38:32. > :38:35.
:38:35. > :38:39.Bingow. She's done it! Wow. Well that does not seem insignificant in
:38:39. > :38:48.human terms but that teeth chatter is effectively her first words.
:38:48. > :38:54.Learning to say excuse me, don't hit me! Really sweet.
:38:54. > :38:58.For Gremlin it is a vital stepping stone to adult life. She has said
:38:58. > :39:06.her first words and opened up a world of possibilities.
:39:06. > :39:10.For the time being, at least. Absolutely vital that Gremlin
:39:10. > :39:16.learns how the big society work there is. I like the chattering bit.
:39:16. > :39:20.We do that with our executive producer, we all d that when we say
:39:20. > :39:26.something that we agree with him. We are keeping you up-to-date with
:39:26. > :39:31.Gremlin and her news, with the latest news on Sunday. Lack back to
:39:31. > :39:35.Minnesota, to the land of 10,000 lakes and home to 25,000 wild black
:39:35. > :39:40.bears, but if you come down to the woods today, you are very unlikely
:39:40. > :39:47.to have an encounter with a wild bare. We have this access because
:39:47. > :39:51.of one man, Dr Lynn Rogers. Up until 20 years ago Dr Lynn
:39:51. > :39:57.Rogers used tranquilising as a way of getting research and getting
:39:57. > :40:04.close to the bears m but then developed a new method. He call it
:40:04. > :40:08.is the upclose method. When I say close, he gets so close, he smells
:40:08. > :40:12.the braeth of bears. He experimented with getting the bears
:40:12. > :40:18.to associate voice with food. Overcoming his fear, he learned to
:40:18. > :40:22.gain the trust of wild bears with a treat.
:40:22. > :40:27.He discovered that bears would let him into their world and he became
:40:27. > :40:37.the first person on earth who could study these large carnivores at
:40:37. > :40:38.
:40:38. > :40:43.close-range. Incredible, this is the only place
:40:43. > :40:47.in the world you can get this close to wild, black bears. A lot have
:40:47. > :40:54.been asking about the collars that you saw in the films, here they are.
:40:54. > :40:59.They are GPS collars. They have two unionities. This is where the GPS
:40:59. > :41:04.device goes. It feed backs signals every hour on the motions and
:41:04. > :41:08.movements on the bears. It enables us to chart where the bears are
:41:08. > :41:12.moving and how they move in different territory. So very
:41:12. > :41:17.important. This bit is the radio section, this allows us to track
:41:17. > :41:22.and find the bears on a daily basis. That is what is helping us to track
:41:22. > :41:27.the bears on a daily basis. Some of you are concerned that they are
:41:27. > :41:33.uncomfortable. Well, let me tell you it is not heavy. A wild black
:41:33. > :41:37.bear weighs anything between 250 and up to even 600 pounds. So this
:41:38. > :41:41.is like wearing a watch for the bear. If they found them
:41:42. > :41:48.uncomfortable, they would not allow Dr Lynn Rogers and his team to put
:41:48. > :41:53.them on. Trust me, they they are big enough to let them know.
:41:53. > :41:58.Now spring came early, so the bears were forced from hibernation
:41:58. > :42:01.earlier than they should have been. They are smaller and weaker than
:42:01. > :42:11.they should have been. Dr Lynn Rogers is scared for some of the
:42:11. > :42:44.
:42:44. > :42:54.cubs. In particular he is worried about Sophie, Sam and Julia.
:42:54. > :43:05.
:43:05. > :43:11.Even you think they are cute after They have got great personalities,
:43:11. > :43:15.now, these guys? Yeah, their legs are growing good. All of a sudden
:43:15. > :43:20.they are getting the long-legged look.
:43:20. > :43:28.You think that they have a good chance, though, a litter of three?
:43:28. > :43:35.Yes. A litter of two, that is good, you get up to four, then the
:43:35. > :43:39.survival drops to a half. So three is the optimum size? Yes, that is
:43:39. > :43:45.the most common litter size for the matture females.
:43:45. > :43:50.How do they fare in the rain? tries to keep them dry. If they get
:43:50. > :43:55.wet she licks them a lot. She responds to every cry.
:43:55. > :44:01.If they say they are cold, she will let them snuggle in and curl up
:44:01. > :44:06.around them. And they need all the help that
:44:06. > :44:11.they can get. I mean, look at how skinny they are.
:44:11. > :44:20.They are a bit too skinny for your liking? Yes. This is the tough
:44:20. > :44:30.month, like they say, you know? Well, I hope they all make it.
:44:30. > :44:38.
:44:39. > :44:46.Yes. I was not expecting Dr Lynn Rogers
:44:46. > :44:54.to be as concerned about the three cubs as he is. Over the years he
:44:54. > :44:59.has morphed into a bit of a bear himself. He makes all these bear
:44:59. > :45:06.noises. But every time I get close to the
:45:06. > :45:14.bears, I think of you with the lions, so be careful! Well, I'm not
:45:14. > :45:19.worried about the lions, there is a hippo over there and other animals
:45:19. > :45:26.mooching about is a hyena and an elephant, but Planet Earth Live is
:45:26. > :45:31.about much more than pointing and saying, "Look, hyena." We want to
:45:31. > :45:37.tell their stories, that is the whole point of the adventure. So as
:45:37. > :45:41.well as telling the stories of the lions, we are here following the
:45:42. > :45:48.elephants. They are safe here, but beyond
:45:48. > :45:53.there, they could anybody peril. Yesterday we introduced you to an
:45:53. > :45:59.elephant who did get into trouble. Sylvia is an experienced matriarch,
:45:59. > :46:04.the leader of her family. The herd, known as the Royals is one of the
:46:04. > :46:14.largest and most stable in Samburu. Sylvia enjoys the support of many
:46:14. > :46:15.
:46:16. > :46:20.sisters, cousins and nieces. But she is in grave danger.
:46:20. > :46:25.Last year, she was shot by poachers when her herd strayed outside of
:46:25. > :46:32.the reserve. The bullet passed through the soft tissue under her
:46:32. > :46:38.chin, broke her jaw and left a hole that constantly dribblings saliva,
:46:38. > :46:44.but that is not her real problem. The bullet left a serious wound
:46:44. > :46:53.that has never healed it is now infected and is swelling by the day.
:46:53. > :47:03.Her life is in danger. About a week ago, Sylvia gave birth
:47:03. > :47:07.to a calf, little Pinkfoot. She has a rare genetic trait that
:47:07. > :47:17.means some of her skin has not developed pigment in the same way
:47:17. > :47:20.
:47:20. > :47:25.as the rest of her body. Giving her her dis tinkive pink feet.
:47:25. > :47:35.-- distinctive. Even at this young age, Pinkfoot needs as much as 11
:47:35. > :47:35.
:47:35. > :47:40.litres of milk every day. She's totally dependant on mum.
:47:40. > :47:49.But with the very real possibility of Sylvia's infection becoming
:47:49. > :47:54.fatal, a dark cloud hangs over little Pinkfoot's young life.
:47:54. > :48:00.I know! I know! But dark cloud or not, if I can offer you a glimmer
:48:00. > :48:03.of hope, there is a team who are dedicated to preserving and looking
:48:03. > :48:08.after the elephants in Samburu. Tomorrow we are following them to
:48:08. > :48:12.watch as they try to save her life. We will bring you the results, I
:48:12. > :48:19.promise. Meanwhile, we have been following two young elephant tear
:48:19. > :48:24.aways, they are Grace and Sky. They are sief safe in the confines of
:48:24. > :48:29.the herd, right now we are going to watch them live. Right now, Grace
:48:29. > :48:34.and Sky's lives are filled with new experiences. Everything that they
:48:34. > :48:39.do is new and exciting. There is a lot to learn, especially what to do
:48:39. > :48:42.with that thing in the middle of their face. Their trunks are more
:48:42. > :48:48.like run away limbs than something useful. That is no surprise,
:48:48. > :48:53.whether you are learning how to control 100,000 muscles and tendons
:48:53. > :49:03.all at the same time. Using the trunk is a tricky bus, especially
:49:03. > :49:05.
:49:05. > :49:12.when you want to be just like mum. Even simple games hold valuable
:49:12. > :49:16.life lessons. Like using mud as sunscreen.
:49:16. > :49:20.Elephant skin can be almost four centimetres thick in places, but it
:49:20. > :49:25.still needs protection from the scorching heat, but one thing that
:49:25. > :49:29.elephants don't have to learn is how to have fun in water. Elephants
:49:29. > :49:36.relish water whenever they find it. They use it to cool off in the heat
:49:36. > :49:40.of the day when the temperatures soar to 40dweings heat, but more
:49:40. > :49:44.than this, -- 40 degrees heat, but more than this, they just seem to
:49:44. > :49:48.love splashing about. Wherever there is a water hole in
:49:48. > :49:58.Samburu, you are sure to find elephants.
:49:58. > :50:05.
:50:06. > :50:11.The trouble is, it can all get a little bit wet and slippery.
:50:11. > :50:16.I know! It is stunning! There were hoots of laughter coming from the
:50:16. > :50:21.tent where the gallery is. It is gorgeous watching them play.
:50:21. > :50:26.Learning how to be elephants, but these are a reminder of how
:50:26. > :50:31.vulnerable the elephant calves are, how much they need their mothers
:50:31. > :50:36.and families around them, but that is the joy watching that. If you
:50:36. > :50:41.have wondered what it is like to have a trunk, it is not like a nose
:50:41. > :50:46.you can wiggle, it is the movement of the trunk and the middle, they
:50:46. > :50:55.have to use it for grooming, eating, social bonding. It is their hands,
:50:55. > :50:59.but look, you can do it, try it! Try it Julia! When you have a nose
:50:59. > :51:03.this large, you don't need a trunk, let me tell you. Welcome back to
:51:03. > :51:07.the woods, which as we said are full of predators, like these. This
:51:07. > :51:16.is a wonderful. It is very important that the black bears
:51:17. > :51:22.learn the art of escape. Around here, that is to learn how to shoot
:51:22. > :51:26.up a tree! This is a wild forest. There is nothing manicured about
:51:26. > :51:32.this environment. There is an amazing array of trees around here,
:51:32. > :51:38.but not all trees are good climbing trees for the black bears.
:51:38. > :51:43.This beauty is a red pine. It is a nice, mature tree. It looks like it
:51:43. > :51:51.should abgood climber, but it is not, because the bark just peels
:51:51. > :51:58.away. So the little claws will dig in... And then frul away.
:51:58. > :52:03.-- and fen fall away. So we have a paper birch next door
:52:03. > :52:09.to a creda here. I show you why, look at that. So not a great
:52:09. > :52:18.climbing tree and also slippy. The creda on the other hand, a nice
:52:18. > :52:22.juicy trunk and it can get a really good perch on that. That is a good
:52:23. > :52:28.climber. Finally, this is actually the
:52:28. > :52:33.perfect black bear climbing tree. A mature white pine. Look at the bark.
:52:33. > :52:36.It is very sturdy and solid. It does not come away at all. So
:52:36. > :52:42.imagine the claws clinging into that. When you go up to the top,
:52:43. > :52:47.there is lots of protection. It is strong and sturdy with its strong
:52:47. > :52:54.branches and pro techs from the rain and the sunshine for the cubs.
:52:54. > :53:00.You can see how protected. This is one of Juliet's day beds, it has
:53:00. > :53:04.been raining all morning, but it is perfectly dry and comfortable here.
:53:04. > :53:09.I would not mind lying down there. Have you ever seen anything so
:53:09. > :53:14.cute? If we were not hear, living and breathing bears we would not be
:53:14. > :53:24.able to bring you the daily pictures up-to-date. Just because I
:53:24. > :53:24.
:53:24. > :54:17.Apology for the loss of subtitles for 53 seconds
:54:17. > :54:23.can, I am going to bring you more No cubs were harmed during the
:54:23. > :54:29.making of that film! And lsz, just to point out, that -- and also just
:54:30. > :54:33.to point out, even if the accidents looked nasty, the black bears are
:54:33. > :54:37.very bouncy and very good at falling out of trees. That is very
:54:37. > :54:41.good news. I just want to tell you about
:54:41. > :54:46.elephant names, but if you want to look back, that is my guard keeping
:54:46. > :54:51.an eye on the hippo I showed you. One thing you should never do is
:54:51. > :54:56.get between a hippo and water, we kind of are, but there have been
:54:56. > :55:00.thousands of suggests on Facebook and Twitter for the names of this
:55:00. > :55:07.little girl, when it comes to a name we know she will have to be
:55:08. > :55:17.strong it is a tough life. The Samburu team love the name Maya
:55:17. > :55:23.after Maya Angelou. So, it was suggested also by a few of you,
:55:23. > :55:30.what a well-educated bunch of viewers. I like it. Maya, do you
:55:30. > :55:35.like it, Juliet? Does it work? like it.
:55:35. > :55:40.We have had thousands of names, as soon as you say we want a name, we
:55:40. > :55:43.are flooded, but that is good. We want you to be involved. It is very
:55:43. > :55:48.much what we want from the programme. You are a part of the
:55:48. > :55:53.programme. There are a few golden rules when it comes to natural film
:55:53. > :56:03.making, one is don't let the monkeys get anywhere near your I
:56:03. > :56:35.
:56:35. > :56:45.chemical weaponment, never! -- your If you want to watch that little
:56:45. > :56:50.
:56:50. > :56:58.monkeying around video, go online A lot of monkeying around, we don't
:56:58. > :57:03.have that problem with the bears, their paws are too big. The big
:57:03. > :57:07.story at the moment is that Juliet and the three cubs are not doing so
:57:07. > :57:11.well. The cub came out of hibernation earlier. They are
:57:11. > :57:15.playful when we go to see them. I have spent time with them. They
:57:15. > :57:19.look playful, but they are very, very thin. Dr Lynn Rogers is very
:57:19. > :57:23.concerned about them. So that is the story that we are watching here
:57:23. > :57:28.in Minnesota in the woods here. We really need to stay on top of the
:57:28. > :57:34.progress of the three cubs. We are bringing the latest news about them
:57:34. > :57:36.on Sunday's Planet Earth Live show. We may even have some more of them
:57:36. > :57:41.climbing trees as it just looks so good.
:57:41. > :57:49.There is so much coming up to show you. So much we are still following
:57:49. > :57:58.on Planet Earth Live! Lonely lion cub Moja has his belly full for now,
:57:59. > :58:03.but how will he fare in the coming days? Pinkfoot, can her mother
:58:03. > :58:07.protect her? And what about Swift and the family decide? Stay in
:58:08. > :58:13.enemy territory or brave the dangers of the road? Keep up to
:58:13. > :58:17.date with everything on the web and on Twitter and Facebook:
:58:17. > :58:21.Remember, these are real stories we are following. They are going on
:58:21. > :58:25.right now. Real animals all around the world. We have crews following
:58:25. > :58:29.them every day. They are working even as I speak. We will bring you