:00:14. > :00:19.Nelson Mandela was a true hero of our time, a man who by his refusal
:00:20. > :00:25.to compromise with the racist government of South Africa, turned
:00:26. > :00:30.27 years of imprisonment into a key to unlock apartheid and free his
:00:31. > :00:35.country, established the democracy that he had always longed for. When
:00:36. > :00:39.he died in December, at 95, world leaders flocked to South Africa to
:00:40. > :00:43.commemorate him. Today, members of his family and politicians from
:00:44. > :00:47.South Africa, members of the anti-apartheid movement, have come
:00:48. > :00:50.here to London to join politicians, a member of the Royal Family here,
:00:51. > :00:56.to commemorate this man who loved London, London he called "the second
:00:57. > :01:01.headquarters of our movement". It was here that the strongest
:01:02. > :01:06.opposition to apartheid of any country in the world took place. It
:01:07. > :01:09.was here where the great concerts at Wembley happened. It was here that
:01:10. > :01:15.the spirit and the name of Mandela was kept alive. And today, here in
:01:16. > :01:23.the Abbey, there will be music, the Soweto Gospel Choir will be singing
:01:24. > :01:27.and there will be tributes to him, among them from Archbishop Desmond
:01:28. > :01:53.Tutu. We are here to commemorate and to remember a very great man.
:01:54. > :02:26.Inside the Abbey, the Soweto Gospel Choir are already singing here. They
:02:27. > :02:34.came from South Africa yesterday and were rehearsing here, and they will
:02:35. > :02:37.be singing throughout this service alongside the choir of the Abbey
:02:38. > :02:45.itself. This is, as you can see, a celebration rather than a memorial
:02:46. > :02:53.service, a moment to remember with affection and pride Nelson Mandela.
:02:54. > :03:02.And from his family, two members in particular, his oldest daughter on
:03:03. > :03:08.the right there, and Zinzi on the left. It was she who went to the
:03:09. > :03:12.stadium in Soweto in 1985 to reject the offer that the South African
:03:13. > :03:16.government had made to Nelson Mandela for conditional freedom. She
:03:17. > :03:20.read out those famous words - I cannot and will not give any
:03:21. > :03:25.undertaking at a time when I and you, the people, are not free. One
:03:26. > :03:32.of the seminal moments, the turning point in the struggle against
:03:33. > :03:44.apartheid. And there are many people who have come here for this service.
:03:45. > :03:52.The familiar figure there of Idris Elba who played Mandela and Douglas
:03:53. > :03:57.Hurd, there on the far-right. There are people who have been involved,
:03:58. > :04:02.invited here by the Dean for all kinds of reasons. People who have
:04:03. > :04:09.done charitable work in South Africa and people who have taken an
:04:10. > :04:19.interest in the country. Ed Miliband, the leader of the Labour
:04:20. > :04:25.Party. And the service itself takes a fairly simple form. There is
:04:26. > :04:30.music, prayers and then there are these tributes, the key tribute
:04:31. > :04:36.being from Desmond Tutu, the archbishop, the former archbishop of
:04:37. > :04:44.Cape Town. And the MP Peter Hain will also be speaking. And the
:04:45. > :04:49.Deputy President of South Africa, His Excellency Kgalema Motlanthe. He
:04:50. > :04:51.was himself in the ANC, he was in Robben Island for ten years and
:04:52. > :05:07.knows Mandela well. Interestingly, it was back in 1962 -
:05:08. > :05:14.there's Nick Clegg arriving. It was back in 1962 that Nelson Mandela
:05:15. > :05:22.first came to the Abbey and he used it for secret conversations with his
:05:23. > :05:26.great friend, Oliver Tambo, who later became President of the ANC.
:05:27. > :05:31.It must have been in his mind when he came back here, after he had been
:05:32. > :05:42.made President, that he said that this was one place where the South
:05:43. > :05:49.African security forces couldn't overhear him. So they could come
:05:50. > :05:55.into the Abbey to talk about plans. He always held Britain in very high
:05:56. > :05:58.regard. He was - it was the constitution and the democracy, the
:05:59. > :06:02.long-established democracy in Britain that he liked, as well as
:06:03. > :06:09.what he called "the perfect gentleman - an Englishman". Gordon
:06:10. > :06:14.Brown there coming up the aisle. This affection dated back to the
:06:15. > :06:25.very earliest days of the struggle against apartheid. Mandela's ties
:06:26. > :06:29.with Britain, the country he called the second headquarters of his
:06:30. > :06:34.movement went back to 1962. He was already a wanted man for inciting
:06:35. > :06:39.dissent amongst black people. He spent ten days in London in April
:06:40. > :06:43.staying with his South African friend, Mary Benson. He met
:06:44. > :06:47.journalists and politicians sympathetic to the cause to rally
:06:48. > :06:53.support and he found time to visit some of the iconic sights of the
:06:54. > :06:58.city he admired. On his return to South Africa, Mandela was arrested
:06:59. > :07:04.and imprisoned, a sentence meant to see him die, forgotten in jail. But
:07:05. > :07:09.not so. After 27 years in prison, Mandela chose Britain for his return
:07:10. > :07:20.to the world stage. Only two months after his release, he addressed a
:07:21. > :07:31.jubilant crowd in Wembley Stadium. Thank you that you chose to care.
:07:32. > :07:38.Even through the thickness of the prison walls at Robben Island, we
:07:39. > :07:47.heard your voices demanding our freedom. In the spirit of
:07:48. > :07:50.reconciliation that marked his politics, he met Margaret Thatcher
:07:51. > :07:55.at Downing Street, the person who had a few years earlier called the
:07:56. > :08:04.ANC "a terrorist organisation". He said she was motherly. Four years
:08:05. > :08:07.later, in 1994, Mandela was sworn in as South Africa's first black
:08:08. > :08:17.President and his first state visit to London made his days on the run
:08:18. > :08:20.seem a very distant past. All the ceremonial stops were pulled out,
:08:21. > :08:24.but today's state visitor was different from the usual run of
:08:25. > :08:32.monarchs and presidents. Nelson Mandela is an icon. You have
:08:33. > :08:38.yourself provided the leadership and by your willingness to embrace your
:08:39. > :08:43.former captors have set the course towards national reconciliation and
:08:44. > :08:48.freedom for all the people of South Africa. With Prince Charles, he
:08:49. > :08:54.visited Brixton, the heart of London's black community. He gave a
:08:55. > :09:17.speech from the balcony of South Africa House, a place that had seen
:09:18. > :09:21.continual anti-apartheid protests. I would like to put and every one of
:09:22. > :09:30.you in my pocket and to return with you to South Africa. London returned
:09:31. > :09:35.Mandela's affection. In 2007, a statue of him was unveiled in
:09:36. > :09:40.Parliament Square. Mandela recognised as a statesman, something
:09:41. > :09:53.he couldn't have dreamt of in the '60s. When Oliver Tambo and I sat
:09:54. > :10:03.inside Westminster Abbey in 1972, we half joked that we hoped that one
:10:04. > :10:08.day a statue of a black person would be erected here. On his last visit
:10:09. > :10:12.to London to mark his 90th birthday, Mandela used the celebrations to
:10:13. > :10:20.remind his audience that the struggle for freedom and equality
:10:21. > :10:29.wasn't over. After nearly 90 years of life, it is time for new heads to
:10:30. > :10:54.lift the burdens. It is in your hands now.
:10:55. > :11:00.The Soweto Gospel Choir, world famous, winning awards, they have
:11:01. > :11:07.come here especially to sing for this celebration of Nelson Mandela's
:11:08. > :11:13.life. Being listened to by John Major and Gordon Brown, two former
:11:14. > :11:16.Prime Ministers. John Major, who, when he went to South Africa, said
:11:17. > :11:19.that the Conservative Party had been on the wrong - or Margaret Thatcher
:11:20. > :11:24.and the Conservative Party had been on the wrong side of history over
:11:25. > :11:32.Nelson Mandela by opposing sanctions against South Africa. They lived
:11:33. > :11:37.through the whole period of the '7 s, '80s, like Neil Kinnock and Paddy
:11:38. > :11:42.Ashdown did, sitting in the front row, and Betty Boothroyd, they lived
:11:43. > :11:48.through the whole trauma of the ending of apartheid until 1990 when
:11:49. > :12:01.Nelson Mandela was finally freed from prison and the process of
:12:02. > :12:08.negotiation began. Sitting in the front, on the left of the picture,
:12:09. > :12:18.some of the faith leaders, the new Chief Rabbi, in his first event at
:12:19. > :12:27.the Abbey, and sitting next to him, the Buddhist community are
:12:28. > :12:34.represented. So, the religious procession arrives. The faith
:12:35. > :12:51.leaders from all parts of the United Kingdom and ending with, at the
:12:52. > :12:58.back, the new Roman Catholic Cardinal Nichols. And the Verger.
:12:59. > :13:02.And the Archbishop of Canterbury and the archbishop of York at the back.
:13:03. > :13:08.Maybe this is a good moment to remind ourselves of the character of
:13:09. > :13:13.Nelson Mandela as the congregation is almost in place for the service
:13:14. > :13:17.to begin. A decade ago, I was lucky enough to spend several hours with
:13:18. > :13:23.Nelson Mandela, making a biography of his life for television. Him
:13:24. > :13:28.mainly talking about himself. Here he is describing life behind bars.
:13:29. > :13:38.Having read about your time in jail and things that happened to you,
:13:39. > :13:45.were you ever scared? Scared? Yes. Well, this is sometimes a question
:13:46. > :13:54.of philosophy. I was scared many times. The day we arrived in prison,
:13:55. > :14:00.two officers came and they were coming in order to give us what is
:14:01. > :14:07.called "a carry on" to beat us. I was frightened. I was trembling. But
:14:08. > :14:14.I pretended as if I was brave. And I said, "You touch me, I will take you
:14:15. > :14:21.to the highest court in the land. By the time I finish with you, you will
:14:22. > :14:28.be as poor as a church mouse." He stopped. But I was frightened as he
:14:29. > :14:36.was rushing towards me. But we have a duty which sometimes makes you
:14:37. > :14:48.more brave than you are and this is the bluff I made. That frightened
:14:49. > :14:56.him. If you fight, right from the first day, and send out the message
:14:57. > :15:06.that I am my own master, I am captain of my soul, that is the
:15:07. > :15:10.impression you are going to give. Your enemies are going to be
:15:11. > :15:18.influenced by that attitude. What was the impact on you, in jail, of
:15:19. > :15:22.the Free Mandela campaign? Did you notice it? I did. The duty of
:15:23. > :15:29.prisoners, the first day you come to jail, you consider, how do I remain
:15:30. > :15:35.in contact with my organisation outside? All political prisoners do
:15:36. > :15:42.that. And that's what we did. And we kept in touch. So, we were aware of
:15:43. > :15:49.this. But there had been a period when Mandela and the ANC had almost
:15:50. > :15:54.faded from sight. Did the Free Mandela campaign resurrect interest
:15:55. > :16:00.in the struggle? Did you feel it, as a turning point? It did, but there
:16:01. > :16:06.were many moments, in spite of the Free Mandela campaign, when we
:16:07. > :16:11.thought that the government had almost succeeded in destroying the
:16:12. > :16:20.organisation. Really? Yes, yes. But they knew, notwithstanding those
:16:21. > :16:26.programmes, we would win. Why did you think you would win? Because our
:16:27. > :16:31.cause was now supported by the entire world. Apartheid South Africa
:16:32. > :16:39.was a polecat of the world. It was completely isolated. The fact we
:16:40. > :16:43.were given honours while we were in jail, the government wanted us to be
:16:44. > :16:51.forgotten by the outside. They failed in that. We were always
:16:52. > :16:57.encouraged by the support we got from the country and from outside
:16:58. > :17:01.the country. I am with the Labour MP Peter Hain, who is going to be
:17:02. > :17:06.paying one of the tributes to Nelson Mandela in this service. How were
:17:07. > :17:09.you chosen to do this? My parents were active in the anti-apartheid
:17:10. > :17:13.struggle in Pretoria, the worst time, the 50s and 60s. And then I
:17:14. > :17:20.led anti-apartheid campaigns, stopping Springbok rugby and cricket
:17:21. > :17:25.tours and forcing white South Africa into isolation. My mother knew
:17:26. > :17:30.Nelson Mandela, she was the only white person at his first trial in
:17:31. > :17:35.Pretoria. She would come into the dock, he would turn to the whites
:17:36. > :17:42.only gallery, salute her with a clenched fist and he would return
:17:43. > :17:47.that. His wife, Winnie, came to the court on one occasion and bent down
:17:48. > :17:50.to kiss my tiny sisters. The police were so outraged that they expressed
:17:51. > :17:57.their Rob seen discussed at the idea of a black woman kissing two little
:17:58. > :18:02.white girls. You were born in South Africa, you left when you are 16? I
:18:03. > :18:07.left when I was 16, they stopped my father working, my mother and father
:18:08. > :18:09.were banned. Band people were not allowed to communicate with each
:18:10. > :18:14.other so they had to be given special permission to do so, being
:18:15. > :18:20.married. They were put in jail, eventually they stopped my father
:18:21. > :18:24.working. When did you first meet Mandela himself? When he came to
:18:25. > :18:28.Parliament, after being released. I met him for the first time and took
:18:29. > :18:32.my mother along. They were reacquainted, this was in 1991. We
:18:33. > :18:40.kept in close touch afterwards, when I was African Minister, in 1999 -
:18:41. > :18:45.2001, we worked very closely with him. He became a good friend. I
:18:46. > :18:52.would not say an intimate friend, but a good friend, enough to know
:18:53. > :18:56.the man. His impish sense of humour, as well as to know what a decent
:18:57. > :19:03.person he was. What will you be trying to get across? Obviously it
:19:04. > :19:08.is a long and complicated story, Mandela's life. You will have five
:19:09. > :19:15.minutes to talk? Three minutes! Trying to convey something of the
:19:16. > :19:20.person behind the iconic image. His mischievous sense of humour. Also,
:19:21. > :19:24.the fact that he forgave his former opponents, including many in the
:19:25. > :19:28.British Parliament. But he didn't forget. He always thanked the
:19:29. > :19:31.anti-apartheid movement. That struggle of the anti-apartheid
:19:32. > :19:36.movement was really, really hard. And that was rooted in London, of
:19:37. > :19:42.course? That is why he was always back to London. London, for him,
:19:43. > :19:47.was, what did he call it, the second headquarters of the movement? Yes,
:19:48. > :19:50.effectively the world centre of the resistance, internationally, to
:19:51. > :20:05.apartheid. I hope it goes well. Thanks for talking to us.
:20:06. > :20:17.The Prime Minister, David Cameron, arriving. David Cameron, who will be
:20:18. > :20:25.reading one of the lessons, for the memorial event in December, actually
:20:26. > :20:29.first met Nelson Mandela when he was Leader of the Opposition in 2006.
:20:30. > :20:32.Another of the conservatives who have talked about the mistakes his
:20:33. > :20:37.party made. They are not applauding him, of course, they are applauding
:20:38. > :20:40.the Soweto Gospel choir, who have just ended one of their great songs.
:20:41. > :20:48.Some of these songs protest songs, some songs of celebration.
:20:49. > :20:58.So, it is ten minutes to midday, when the service will begin. We are
:20:59. > :21:05.now awaiting Prince Harry, Prince Henry of Wales, who will be here
:21:06. > :21:09.representing the Queen this morning. He has been to South Africa. He
:21:10. > :21:17.first went when he was 12 years old, with his father, Prince Charles. He
:21:18. > :21:26.met Nelson Mandela then. They seemed to enjoy this visit. Years later,
:21:27. > :21:49.when he was 23 years old, in 2008, he went back and he went to
:21:50. > :22:02.Lesotho, and found that a charity. -- founded. And she has a connection
:22:03. > :22:08.with Prince Harry and Lesotho, she has founded five schools there and
:22:09. > :22:19.continually supported the cause is there. The actor Richard a grant,
:22:20. > :22:22.dead centre at the back. -- Richard E Grant. And Joan Armatrading is
:22:23. > :22:39.here. Politicians, studying the order of
:22:40. > :22:56.service, looking through the service that is to come.
:22:57. > :23:11.Now, the Lord Mayor of Westminster, Sarah Richardson. With the Dean,
:23:12. > :23:18.John Hall, and Desmond Tutu. He has come from South Africa, especially
:23:19. > :23:18.to speak for his friend, Nelson Mandela. Stories of the
:23:19. > :23:38.anti-apartheid fight. Desmond Tutu, who is just sitting
:23:39. > :23:39.there now, over 80 years old. He was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize back
:23:40. > :24:07.in 1984. Jonty Driver, here, the man in
:24:08. > :24:11.spectacles. Interestingly, he was born in Cape Town. We will be
:24:12. > :24:18.hearing from him later in the service. As a young man, he was
:24:19. > :24:22.President of the National Union Of South African Students, organising
:24:23. > :24:25.non-violent protests against segregation. He was put in solitary
:24:26. > :24:30.confinement for a bit, fled South Africa and came to England to go to
:24:31. > :24:35.university in Oxford. He has an interesting role, he is going to
:24:36. > :24:39.read from the Robben Island Bible which is, in fact, a copy of
:24:40. > :24:45.Shakespeare in which all the prisoners in Robben Island selected
:24:46. > :24:53.a passage they liked and wrote the neighbouring -- their name against
:24:54. > :25:11.it. He is going to read the passage from Julius Caesar which Nelson
:25:12. > :25:13.Mandela chose. Sir Antony Sher, brought up in South Africa and very
:25:14. > :25:31.active in the campaign against apartheid.
:25:32. > :25:42.There was news today that, here in Westminster Abbey, there is to be a
:25:43. > :25:48.special memorial placed to Nelson Mandela. It's interesting, because
:25:49. > :25:52.when he came here to London, in 1996, he came on a tour of this
:25:53. > :25:58.abbey which he had been to before to meet Oliver Tambo and have secret
:25:59. > :26:03.talks. He came in and saw two memorials that are already here to
:26:04. > :26:07.South African leaders of a rather different ilk. Cecil Rose, who
:26:08. > :26:13.invaded and created road easier. Above him, Lord Milner, the High
:26:14. > :26:20.Commissioner and the Governor of the Cape Colony during the Boer War. He
:26:21. > :26:24.was asked, do you think these things should still be here? He said, the
:26:25. > :26:34.past cannot be undone, it can only be transformed. The Mandela plaque,
:26:35. > :26:37.when it does go up, I am sure it will be in a more prominent part of
:26:38. > :26:54.the abbey. But it is interesting that he saw these ones here. We are
:26:55. > :26:58.waiting now for the arrival of Kgalema Motlanthe, the deputy
:26:59. > :27:08.President of South Africa, who will be giving the address. In the choir,
:27:09. > :27:13.some more familiar figures. Ken Clarke, Francis Maude on the right.
:27:14. > :27:20.Distinguished by his size, the figure of Eric Pickles. Now, his
:27:21. > :27:37.Excellency, the deputy President arrives. He is the son of a miner, a
:27:38. > :27:43.soldier in the military wing of the ANC, charged under the Terrorism Act
:27:44. > :27:47.and served a sentence in Robben Island with Mandela. He rose in the
:27:48. > :27:54.ANC after that. He fought against President Zuma for the leadership
:27:55. > :28:02.and lost, and then took up this job, which is going to end when he
:28:03. > :28:04.retires as Vice President. He is leaving for private life. Gritting
:28:05. > :28:51.Desmond Tutu there. -- greeting. I think originally it was planned
:28:52. > :29:01.that President Zuma would be here today. The Vice President is here in
:29:02. > :29:07.his stead which, in a way, is no bad thing. The Vice President was in
:29:08. > :29:15.Robben Island, and has a long tradition of involvement in the ANC.
:29:16. > :29:21.The new High Commissioner for South Africa will also be speaking. He is
:29:22. > :29:31.here. Prince Harry comes to the west door, again to be greeted by the
:29:32. > :29:32.representatives of the Queen. He will be sitting in a prominent
:29:33. > :29:51.position in the choir. It is raining outside and we were
:29:52. > :29:58.told many times during the ten days of mourning for Nelson Mandela that
:29:59. > :30:03.rain in South Africa is a sign of good fortune. Maybe here we have had
:30:04. > :30:15.rather too much of it to count it as good fortune.
:30:16. > :30:31.So the Prince being welcomed and thanked for coming here. And he will
:30:32. > :30:34.be processed up to the choir as the first hymn, Guide Me, O Thou Great
:30:35. > :30:44.Redeemer, starts. It is just after midday here at
:30:45. > :30:51.Westminster, so this service is about to begin.
:30:52. > :30:55.HYMN: "Guide Me, O Thou Great Redeemer"
:30:56. > :31:05.By William Williams. # Guide me, O thou great Redeemer.
:31:06. > :31:16.# Pilgrim through this barren land. # I am weak, but thou art mighty.
:31:17. > :31:39.# Hold me with thy powerful hand. # Bread of heaven.
:31:40. > :31:47.# Feed me till I want no more. # Open now the crystal fountain.
:31:48. > :31:55.# Whence the healing stream doth flow.
:31:56. > :32:08.# Let the fiery cloudy pillar. # Lead me all my journey through.
:32:09. > :32:24.# Strong Deliverer. # Be thou still my strength and
:32:25. > :32:37.shield. # When I tread the verge of Jordan.
:32:38. > :32:43.# Bid my anxious fears subside. # Death of death, and hell's
:32:44. > :32:57.Destruction. # Land me safe on Canaan's side.
:32:58. > :34:10.# Songs of praises. # I will ever give to thee #.
:34:11. > :34:15.A service of thanksgiving for South Africa was held here in Westminster
:34:16. > :34:18.Abbey 20 years ago to celebrate the first democratic elections which
:34:19. > :34:21.brought black majority rule to South Africa, and the return of the
:34:22. > :34:31.country to membership of the Commonwealth. At that time, all who
:34:32. > :34:34.were here, and people throughout the world, thanked God for the triumph
:34:35. > :34:44.of a spirit of reconciliation, and for peaceful transition. It is hard
:34:45. > :34:47.to imagine that any of this would have been possible without the grace
:34:48. > :34:52.and generosity shown by Nelson Mandela. Today we join together,
:34:53. > :34:55.representing the people of South Africa, of the United Kingdom, and
:34:56. > :35:06.of the Commonwealth, to give thanks to almighty God for a truly great
:35:07. > :35:09.man. As we recall the life and work of Nelson Mandela, we shall give
:35:10. > :35:13.heartfelt thanks, and we shall pray for the people of South Africa, and
:35:14. > :35:25.for peace and justice in God's world.
:35:26. > :35:35.Now, a recording will be played of an extract from Nelson Mandela's
:35:36. > :35:38.speech at his inauguration at the Union Buildings in Pretoria on 10th
:35:39. > :35:46.May, 1994. ?FORCEDWHITE
:35:47. > :35:53.RECORDING: The time for the healing of wounds has come. The moment to
:35:54. > :36:01.bridge the chasms that divide us has come. The time to build is upon us.
:36:02. > :36:10.We have, at last, achieved our political emancipation. We pledge
:36:11. > :36:12.ourselves to liberate all our people from the continuing bondage of
:36:13. > :36:22.poverty, deprivation, suffering, gender and other discrimination. We
:36:23. > :36:28.succeeded to take our last steps to freedom in conditions of relative
:36:29. > :36:38.peace. We commit ourselves to the construction of a complete, just and
:36:39. > :36:41.lasting peace. We have triumphed in the effort to implant hope in the
:36:42. > :36:49.breasts of the millions of our people. We enter into a covenant
:36:50. > :36:53.that we shall build the society in which all SouthAfricans, both black
:36:54. > :36:56.and white, will be able to walk tall, without any fear in their
:36:57. > :36:59.hearts, assured of their inalienable right to human dignity - a rainbow
:37:00. > :37:11.nation at peace with itself and the world.
:37:12. > :37:26.The Soweto Gospel Choir will now stand and sing a protest song.
:37:27. > :37:35.MUSIC: "Asimbonanga" Sung by the Soweto Gospel Choir.
:37:36. > :37:48.# Asimbonanga. # Asimbonang'uMandela thina.
:37:49. > :37:57.# Laphe'khona. # Laphe'ehledi khona.
:37:58. > :38:32.# Hey wena! # Hey wena nawe.
:38:33. > :39:13.# Siyofika nini la'siyakhona? # Asimbonanga
:39:14. > :39:44.# Asimbonang'uMandela thina. # Oh, oh, oh
:39:45. > :39:51.# Oh-o-o-h. # A tribute from the Deputy President.
:39:52. > :39:54.His Excellency Kgalema Motlanthe, Deputy President of the Republic of
:39:55. > :40:08.South Africa. Not only in South Africa, but in the world at large.
:40:09. > :40:15.His life gave life to values. He never claimed glory. He was shaped
:40:16. > :40:22.by the struggle which shunned confrontation but had values of
:40:23. > :40:27.compassion and solidarity that went beyond simple opposition to
:40:28. > :40:36.apartheid. The struggs sought to advance social comfort and embrace
:40:37. > :40:40.the value of the environment. He had the unenviable challenge to make the
:40:41. > :40:50.dream for which Mandela lived come to pass. We can no longer be
:40:51. > :40:52.indifferent in the world where children's stomachs are bloated with
:40:53. > :40:56.hunger when there is more than enough to feed the world. We can no
:40:57. > :41:01.longer pretend that racial discrimination is a figment of the
:41:02. > :41:06.imagination in a world where heightened racial consciousness
:41:07. > :41:16.defines millions to the margins of global society. Humanity must
:41:17. > :41:19.consciously strive for democracy and the right to differ without the
:41:20. > :41:25.prospect of imprisonment, torture and assassination. The most enduring
:41:26. > :41:32.monument we can build to Mandela's memory is to strive for human
:41:33. > :41:38.solidarity, to conquer racism and sexism, to eradicate social
:41:39. > :41:54.inequalities, educate the masses, make health accessible to all and
:41:55. > :41:59.uphold a human rights culture. If we fail, it will not make sense to
:42:00. > :42:07.future generations that while Mandela evolved into a rugged moral
:42:08. > :42:13.force that edged humanity higher on the plain of civilisation, those who
:42:14. > :42:22.followed him either failed to live up to his philosophy or simply
:42:23. > :42:26.destroyed his dream. Trance figuring the Mandela consciousness means
:42:27. > :42:33.addressing racial inequalities. While this cannot be the task of one
:42:34. > :42:43.nation, Britain is among the nations better suited to lead this charge.
:42:44. > :42:48.As Nelson Mandela taught us, no-one is born hating a person because of
:42:49. > :42:53.the colour of his skin, or his background, or his religion. People
:42:54. > :42:59.must learn to hate. If they can learn to hate, they can be taught to
:43:00. > :43:01.love, for love comes more naturally to the human heart than its
:43:02. > :43:11.opposite. Nelson Mandela would have been
:43:12. > :43:15.humbled by this occasion. Perhaps wistfully recalling with his
:43:16. > :43:18.wonderful smile that British Christian missionaries at his
:43:19. > :43:25.primary school decreed his first name. Who knows, maybe they were
:43:26. > :43:33.privy to the translation of his birth name - "Looking for trouble".
:43:34. > :43:38.The prisoner turned President never forgot his British connection.
:43:39. > :43:45.Indeed, he revered it, even during those long decades in that cold cell
:43:46. > :43:52.on Robben Island when the anti-apartheid struggle was so
:43:53. > :43:55.bitter, facing ruthless oppression at home and when there was a
:43:56. > :44:01.majority in the House of Commons against him and his African National
:44:02. > :44:08.Congress. Tens of thousands of British citizens supported his fight
:44:09. > :44:14.for freedom. Those courageous bishops who led both from the pulpit
:44:15. > :44:18.and the street. Grannies who boycotted South African oranges,
:44:19. > :44:23.students who forced Barclays Bank to withdraw from South Africa, trade
:44:24. > :44:33.unionists who gave solidarity, protesters who disrupted sports
:44:34. > :44:40.tours by anti-apartheid - by apartheid-selected teams. Nelson
:44:41. > :44:48.Mandela never missed an opportunity to thank them all. Although his
:44:49. > :44:52.generosity for former opponents was legendary, he never forgot who was
:44:53. > :44:58.on his side and who wasn't. Sadly, great causes from slavery
:44:59. > :45:06.abolitionists to suffragettes, to anti-apartheid campaigners, are
:45:07. > :45:10.invariably unpopular at the time they most need support, only to be
:45:11. > :45:18.glorified once they have triumphed. Not only his renowned wisdom,
:45:19. > :45:21.tolerance and leadership, but his endearing personality made him
:45:22. > :45:31.perhaps the international icon of our era. With, at least to those who
:45:32. > :45:37.have the privilege of knowing him, an impish wit. Apologising for not
:45:38. > :45:43.being able to attend our wedding in 2003, he asked, perhaps I can come
:45:44. > :45:51.next time? At Cardiff Castle in 1998, on a burning hot day, he kept
:45:52. > :45:56.a long line of VIPs waiting as he spotted a group of primary school
:45:57. > :46:01.children. He stopped. The VIPs sweltered. The children, but amused.
:46:02. > :46:07.Then he proceeded to conduct the by now delighted youngsters to a
:46:08. > :46:14.impromptu twinkle, twinkle, little star, doubtless put to him by those
:46:15. > :46:17.Christian missionaries. The thing that we missed most of Robben
:46:18. > :46:22.Island, he told me, was the magical, innocent sound of children
:46:23. > :46:28.at play, including, of course, his own. There will never be another
:46:29. > :46:29.like Nelson Mandela. Truly, an inspiration to us all and for
:46:30. > :46:43.evermore. Now the Soweto Gospel Choir sing
:46:44. > :46:55.again. A song written by one of the first African ministers to be
:46:56. > :48:24.ordained in Britain in 1986, Tiyo Soga.
:48:25. > :48:43.The words of the song, fulfil your promise, all races, all nations must
:48:44. > :48:47.be saved. The Lord spake unto Joshua saying, take you 12 men out of the
:48:48. > :48:51.people, out of every tribe a man, and command ye them, saying, take
:48:52. > :49:04.you hence out of the midst of Jordan, out of the place where the
:49:05. > :49:08.priests' feet stood firm, 12 stones, and ye shall carry them over with
:49:09. > :49:11.you, and leave them in the lodging place, where ye shall lodge this
:49:12. > :49:14.night. Then Joshua called the 12 men, whom he had prepared of the
:49:15. > :49:20.children of Israel, out of every tribe a man. And Joshua said unto
:49:21. > :49:24.them, pass over before the ark of the Lord your God into the midst of
:49:25. > :49:28.Jordan, and take you up every man of you a stone upon his shoulder,
:49:29. > :49:41.according unto the number of the tribes of the children of Israel.
:49:42. > :49:44.That this may be a sign among you, that when your children ask their
:49:45. > :49:48.fathers in time to come, saying, "What mean ye by these stones?" Then
:49:49. > :49:52.ye shall answer them, that the waters of Jordan were cut off before
:49:53. > :50:07.the ark of the covenant of the Lord, when it passed over Jordan, the
:50:08. > :50:11.waters of Jordan were cut off. And these stones shall be for a memorial
:50:12. > :50:18.unto the children of Israel for ever. And the people came up out of
:50:19. > :50:26.Jordan on the 10th day of the first month, and encamped in Gilgal, in
:50:27. > :50:29.the east border of Jericho. And those 12 stones, which they took out
:50:30. > :50:36.of Jordan, did Joshua pitch in Gilgal. And he spake unto the
:50:37. > :50:39.children of Israel, saying, "When your children shall ask their
:50:40. > :50:47.fathers in time to come, saying, what mean these stones? Then ye
:50:48. > :50:51.shall let your children know, saying, Israel came over this Jordan
:50:52. > :50:54.on dry land." For the Lord your God dried up the waters of Jordan from
:50:55. > :50:58.before you, until ye were passed over, as the Lord your God did to
:50:59. > :51:14.the Red sea, which he dried up from before us, until we were gone over.
:51:15. > :51:24.That all the people of the earth might know the hand of the Lord,
:51:25. > :51:35.that it is mighty: that ye might fear the Lord your God for ever.
:51:36. > :51:45.The Abbey choir now sings Deep River.
:51:46. > :52:01.# Deep river, my home is over Jordan # Deep river, Lord, I want to cross
:52:02. > :52:26.over into camp-ground # Oh chillun! Oh don't you want to
:52:27. > :52:53.go to that gospel feast? # That promised land where all is
:52:54. > :53:06.peace? # Walk into heaven, and take my seat
:53:07. > :53:44.# And cast my crown at Jesus' feet # Deep river, my home is over Jordan
:53:45. > :54:16.# Deep river, Lord, I want to cross over into camp-ground. #
:54:17. > :55:01.# Deep river, Lord, I want to cross over into camp-ground. #
:55:02. > :55:13.The Prime Minister now reads from the Gospel according to Saint John.
:55:14. > :55:24.Jesus said, the thief cometh not, but for to steal, and to kill, and
:55:25. > :55:28.to destroy. I am come that they might have life, and that they might
:55:29. > :55:36.have it more abundantly. I am the good shepherd. The good shepherd
:55:37. > :55:40.giveth his life for the sheep. But he that is a hireling, and not the
:55:41. > :55:49.shepherd, whose own the sheep are not, seeth the wolf coming, and
:55:50. > :55:54.leaveth the sheep, and fleeth. And the wolf catcheth them, and
:55:55. > :56:01.scattereth the sheep. The hireling fleeth, because he is a hireling,
:56:02. > :56:10.and careth not for the sheep. I am the good shepherd, and know my
:56:11. > :56:14.sheep, and am known of mine. As the Father knoweth me, even so know I
:56:15. > :56:22.the Father and I lay down my life for the sheep. And other sheep I
:56:23. > :56:31.have, which are not of this fold, them also I must bring, and they
:56:32. > :56:53.shall hear my voice. And there shall be one fold, and one shepherd.
:56:54. > :57:06.# I heard the voice of Jesus say # Come unto me and rest
:57:07. > :57:17.# Lay down, thou weary one, lay down # Thy head upon my breast
:57:18. > :57:29.# I came to Jesus as I was # Weary, and worn, and sad
:57:30. > :57:42.# I found in him a resting-place # And he has made me glad.
:57:43. > :57:53.# I heard the voice of Jesus say # Behold, I freely give
:57:54. > :58:01.# The living water, thirsty one # Stoop down, and drink, and live.
:58:02. > :58:12.# I came to Jesus, and I drank # Of that life-giving stream
:58:13. > :58:16.# My thirst was quenched, my soul revived
:58:17. > :58:36.# And now I live in him. # I heard the voice of Jesus say
:58:37. > :58:48.# I am this dark world's light # Look unto me, thy morn shall rise
:58:49. > :59:00.# And all thy day be bright # I looked to Jesus, and I found
:59:01. > :59:05.# In him my star, my sun # And in that light of life I'll
:59:06. > :59:21.walk # Till travelling days are done. #
:59:22. > :00:01.May I first thank the Dean and chapter of Westminster Abbey, and
:00:02. > :00:11.Her Majesty's Government for organising this memorial service. I
:00:12. > :00:22.come from a country which, only a few years ago, a little over 20
:00:23. > :00:35.years, sported signs reading, drive carefully, natives cross here. We
:00:36. > :00:41.were the natives. People such as Ahmed Kathrada, who spent over two
:00:42. > :00:50.decades on Robben Island, relate how they delighted in changing the signs
:00:51. > :00:57.so they read somewhat hair-raisingly, "Drive carefully,
:00:58. > :01:07.natives very cross here!" LAUGHTER
:01:08. > :01:14.Nelson Mandela and others were appalled by a system spawning such
:01:15. > :01:21.signs which treated black people as if they were scum. So, they
:01:22. > :01:30.organised the black community and its allies to resist such a
:01:31. > :01:38.demeaning, dehumanising system, which regarded us as but cheap
:01:39. > :01:44.viewers of wood and drawers of water, who treated their dogs far
:01:45. > :01:50.better than they treated us. After all, they were not ashamed to put up
:01:51. > :02:04.public notices that read, "Natives and dogs not allowed." Madiba was
:02:05. > :02:12.appalled by this and he and many of his colleagues resisted this vicious
:02:13. > :02:20.system and it was for this noble resistance that he and many others
:02:21. > :02:28.were incarcerated for life. What would have happened had Mandela died
:02:29. > :02:38.in prison, as was the intention and hope of the upholders of apartheid?
:02:39. > :02:49.I suppose most would have regarded him as no better than a terrorist.
:02:50. > :02:57.After all, persons in high positions in Britain and the United States did
:02:58. > :03:10.dismiss him as such. Mercifully, for us, and for God's word, Mandela did
:03:11. > :03:21.not die in prison. And this is thanks very, very largely to the
:03:22. > :03:31.amazing international anti-apartheid movement led by that remarkable
:03:32. > :03:38.Englishman, Archbishop Trevor Huddlestone. I use this great pulpit
:03:39. > :03:54.to say, on behalf of our people, thank you, thank you, thank you. How
:03:55. > :04:06.I wish you could open our hearts and see the depth of our gratitude.
:04:07. > :04:13.Thank you, you who regularly picketed South Africa House. Thank
:04:14. > :04:28.you, you elegant ladies who boycotted South African goods. Thank
:04:29. > :04:39.you, you who followed a long-haired Peter Hain to stop South African
:04:40. > :04:46.sports. Thank you, all those incredible young people in other
:04:47. > :05:02.parts of the world. Thank you. Thank you! You, over there, changed the
:05:03. > :05:10.moral climate in your country so that the US Congress was able to
:05:11. > :05:19.pass the anti-apartheid legislation with a presidential veto against the
:05:20. > :05:26.wishes of a highly popular President Reagan. I visited 10 Downing Street
:05:27. > :05:36.and the Oval Office in Washington. My pleas were sanctions fell on deaf
:05:37. > :05:45.ears. Without the anti-apartheid movement, all of you extraordinary
:05:46. > :05:55.human beings, Mandela could so easily have died in prison.
:05:56. > :06:05.Wonderfully, exhilaratingly, the entire world glued to its TV sets,
:06:06. > :06:16.watched as this man emerged from 27 years of incarceration and erupted
:06:17. > :06:31.with a collective exhilaration to be matched only by the joy and the
:06:32. > :06:38.victory in 1994 when Nelson Mandela became the first democratically
:06:39. > :06:45.elected President of South Africa. And then, and then, and then the
:06:46. > :06:54.world held its breath fearing that the victory of the ANC would see
:06:55. > :07:02.South Africa overwhelmed by the racial bloodbath so many had
:07:03. > :07:13.predicted. It didn't happen. It didn't happen. Instead, the world
:07:14. > :07:20.was mesmerised by the proceedings of the Truth and Reconciliation
:07:21. > :07:35.Commission. Instead of retribution and revenge, which everybody had
:07:36. > :07:41.expected, the world saw black-and-white South Africans
:07:42. > :07:47.walking the path of forgiveness and reconciliation. -- black and white
:07:48. > :07:51.South Africans walking the path of forgiveness and reconciliation. It
:07:52. > :08:02.was because he had spent 27 years in jail, he came out and transformed,
:08:03. > :08:12.transformed from the angry militant young men, to the magnanimous leader
:08:13. > :08:22.who believed we each, every single one of us, have the capacity to be
:08:23. > :08:35.great. Each one of us has the capacity to be magnanimous, to be
:08:36. > :08:41.forgiving, to be generous. We cannot give up on anyone. Nelson Mandela
:08:42. > :08:49.might not have put it quite like that, but, basically, he was saying,
:08:50. > :09:00."No-one of us, not a single one of us is a hopeless case with a
:09:01. > :09:17.first-class ticket to hell." We, all of us, ALL of us, have the capacity
:09:18. > :09:29.to be saints. The veneration that we saw worldwide at his death is
:09:30. > :09:36.because he made us believe. He made us believe that all, each one of us,
:09:37. > :09:41.we are made for goodness, we are made for caring, we are made for
:09:42. > :09:56.loving, we are made for compassion, we are made for laughter, for peace.
:09:57. > :10:04.For peace such as the day you are going to be listening to proclaims.
:10:05. > :10:14.Thank you. Thank you, God. Thank you, God, for this, your child.
:10:15. > :10:26.Thank you, God, for Nelson Mandela, who has shown us, each single one of
:10:27. > :10:32.us, what we can be, each one of us - loving, compassionate, caring, made
:10:33. > :10:56.for goodness. MUSIC: "The Anthem"
:10:57. > :11:12.By Ralph Vaughan Williams. # Agnus Dei, qui tollis peccata
:11:13. > :11:13.mundi, miserere nobis. # Agnus Dei, qui tollis peccata
:11:14. > :12:43.mundi, dona nobis pacem #. # Agnus Dei, qui tollis peccata
:12:44. > :12:45.mundi, miserere nobis. # Agnus Dei, qui tollis peccata
:12:46. > :14:24.mundi, dona nobis pacem #. The Most Reverend and Right
:14:25. > :14:27.Honourable Justin Welby, Lord Archbishop of Canterbury, Primate of
:14:28. > :14:30.All England and Metropolitan, and The Most Reverend and Right
:14:31. > :14:33.Honourable Dr John Sentamu, Lord Archbishop of York, Primate of
:14:34. > :14:36.England and Metropolitan, lead The Prayers.
:14:37. > :14:39.Rejoicing in the gift of Christ's peace, let us pray to the Lord. We
:14:40. > :14:42.give thanks for Nelson Mandela's exceptional commitment to freedom
:14:43. > :14:50.and forgiveness, and for his determination to turn hatred into
:14:51. > :14:53.love and anger into reconciliation. Heavenly Father, your Son Jesus
:14:54. > :15:00.Christ taught us that it is only through forgiving others that we can
:15:01. > :15:04.ourselves be forgiven. We praise you for Madiba's clear vision of freedom
:15:05. > :15:18.for all, and for his unshakeable commitment to lasting peace.
:15:19. > :15:21.Inspired by his example, help us to work for peace in our homes, for
:15:22. > :15:23.peace in our communities, and for peace in the world, through Jesus
:15:24. > :15:32.Christ our Lord. Amen. Let us give thanks to God for Nelson
:15:33. > :15:35.Mandela's humanity and energy, for his qualities of inspiration, for
:15:36. > :16:43.his humour, and his passionate leadership.
:16:44. > :16:47.We give thanks for Nelson Mandela's vision of the equality of all people
:16:48. > :16:50.before God, which nourished his soul, sustained his faith, and
:16:51. > :16:55.inspired his vision for South Africa. Generous God, the diversity
:16:56. > :17:01.of your people and the rich variety of creation declare the wonder of
:17:02. > :17:04.your love. We praise you for Madiba's commitment to a reconciled
:17:05. > :17:12.humanity, and to the eradication of the poverty which demeans and
:17:13. > :17:16.enslaves. Enlarge the capacity of our hearts for one another, and
:17:17. > :17:17.grant us the courage to work for the unity of all people; through Jesus
:17:18. > :17:32.Christ our Lord. Amen. Let us pray for the Republic of
:17:33. > :17:34.South Africa, for God's blessing upon her leaders, and for the unity
:17:35. > :17:48.and flourishing of all her people. Almighty God, from whom every family
:17:49. > :17:53.in heaven and on earth is named, bless the government and peoples of
:17:54. > :17:55.South Africa. Grant wisdom, discernment, and integrity to her
:17:56. > :17:59.leaders, and peace, prosperity, and faith to her citizens, that they may
:18:00. > :18:02.be united in a common life and purpose and strengthen the nations
:18:03. > :18:06.of our Commonwealth in one bond and community, to the honour of your
:18:07. > :18:23.holy name, through Jesus Christ our Lord. Amen.
:18:24. > :18:28.Let us pray for those who long for freedom from oppression, fear, and
:18:29. > :18:36.hatred, and for all whose humanity is trampled by the greed or
:18:37. > :18:40.self-interest of others. Compassionate God, hear the cry of
:18:41. > :18:49.our hearts for all whose lives are diminished by injustice, prejudice,
:18:50. > :18:52.or violence. Renew their hope, restore their confidence, and hasten
:18:53. > :18:54.the day when your kingdom shall come on earth as it is in heaven, through
:18:55. > :19:10.Jesus Christ our Lord. Amen. Let us pray for the healing of past
:19:11. > :19:13.memories, and for those who find it hard to forgive, that they might
:19:14. > :19:25.know the liberation which Christ the Good Shepherd came to bring.
:19:26. > :19:29.Heavenly Father, your Son restored to fullness of life those who were
:19:30. > :19:36.cast out, and after his resurrection bestowed his gift of peace on those
:19:37. > :19:40.who were afraid. Send your healing and wholeness to all who bear the
:19:41. > :19:44.scars of the past in their minds and bodies, and by the power of your
:19:45. > :19:47.Holy Spirit wipe away all tears from their eyes, and transform their
:19:48. > :19:57.suffering into joy, through Jesus Christ our Lord.
:19:58. > :20:11.God bless Africa. Guard her children, guide her leaders and give
:20:12. > :20:16.her peace, for Jesus Christ's sake. Amen. Jesus taught us to call God
:20:17. > :20:21.our Father, and so, each in our own language, we have the confidence to
:20:22. > :20:28.pray. Our Father, who art in heaven, hallowed be thy name. Thy kingdom
:20:29. > :20:32.come, thy will be done on earth as it is in heaven. Give us this day
:20:33. > :20:37.our daily bread. And forgive us our trespasses, as we forgive those who
:20:38. > :20:42.trespass against us. And lead us not into temptation, but deliver us from
:20:43. > :20:44.evil. For thine is the kingdom, the power and the glory, for ever and
:20:45. > :21:03.ever. Amen. Now, Jonty Driver, who we saw
:21:04. > :21:10.earlier, as a young man he was President of the National Union Of
:21:11. > :21:19.South African Students. He now speaks from the Robben Island Bible.
:21:20. > :21:25.This passage is taken from the Collected Shakespeare, smuggled into
:21:26. > :21:33.Robben Island in the guise of a Bible. Prisoners marked their
:21:34. > :21:47.favourite passages. 34 signed their choices, some with a gate. -- date.
:21:48. > :21:52.These lines were signed, MR Mandela. The data, the 16th of December,
:21:53. > :22:03.renamed under apartheid as the day of the covenant. Now called the Day
:22:04. > :22:13.Of Reconciliation. In 1964, I had been detained as a student
:22:14. > :22:16.activist, a week that time in Sea point police cells. From which, by
:22:17. > :22:22.pulling myself up on the bars the cell window, I could just see the
:22:23. > :22:29.island. The island where Mandela and his compatriots were teaching South
:22:30. > :22:39.Africa, and indeed all of humanity, about fortitude, forbearance and, in
:22:40. > :22:46.due time, forgiveness. These are the lines that Mandela chose from Julius
:22:47. > :22:56.Caesar. Cowards die many times before their deaths. The valiant
:22:57. > :23:00.never taste of death but once. Of all the wonders that I yet have
:23:01. > :23:03.heard, it seems to me most strange that men should fear, seeing that
:23:04. > :23:38.death, a necessary end, will come when it will come.
:23:39. > :23:49.# Crown him with many crowns # The Lamb upon his throne
:23:50. > :23:57.# Hark! How the heavenly anthem drowns
:23:58. > :24:07.# All music but its own # Awake, my soul, and sing
:24:08. > :24:12.# Of him who died for thee # And hail him as thy matchless King
:24:13. > :24:29.# Through all eternity. # Crown him the Lord of peace
:24:30. > :24:34.# Whose power a sceptre sways # From pole to pole, that wars may
:24:35. > :24:45.cease # Absorbed in prayer and praise
:24:46. > :24:59.# His rain shall know no end # And round his pierced feet
:25:00. > :25:10.# Fair flowers of paradise extend # Their fragrance ever sweet.
:25:11. > :25:19.# Crown him the Lord of years # The Potentate of time
:25:20. > :25:30.# Creator of the rolling spheres # Ineffably sublime.
:25:31. > :25:43.# Glassed in a sea of light # where everlasting waves
:25:44. > :26:01.# Reflect his throne, the Infinite! # Who lives and loves and saves. #
:26:02. > :26:08.Go forth into the world in peace. Be of good courage; hold fast that
:26:09. > :26:19.which is good. Render to no-one evil for evil. Strengthen the
:26:20. > :26:23.faint-hearted, support the weak. Help the afflicted. Honour all
:26:24. > :26:27.people, love and serve the Lord, rejoicing in the power of the Holy
:26:28. > :26:30.Spirit and the blessing of God almighty, the Father, the Son and
:26:31. > :27:18.the Holy Spirit be among you and remain with you always. Amen.
:27:19. > :27:27.# Nkosi sikelel' iAfrika Lord. # Maluphakanyisw' uphondo lwayo.
:27:28. > :27:29.# Yizwa imithandazo yethu. # Nkosi sikelela, thina lusapho
:27:30. > :27:42.lwayo. # Morena boloka setjhaba sa heso.
:27:43. > :27:46.# O fedise dintwa le matshwenyeho. # O se boloke, O se boloke setjhaba
:27:47. > :27:54.sa heso. # Setjhaba sa South Afrika - South
:27:55. > :28:06.Afrika. # Uit die blou van onse hemel.
:28:07. > :28:29.# Uit die diepte van ons see. # Oor ons ewige gebergtes.
:28:30. > :28:55.# Waar die kranse antwoord gee #. # God save our gracious Queen.
:28:56. > :29:07.# Long live our noble Queen. # God save The Queen.
:29:08. > :29:20.# Send her victorious. # Happy, and glorious.
:29:21. > :29:41.# Long to reign over us. # God save The Queen #.
:29:42. > :29:51.MUSIC: "Piece d'Orgue BWV 572" By Johann Sebastian Bach.
:29:52. > :30:06.So this magnificent service comes to an end. The Dean of Westminster will
:30:07. > :30:12.lead the clergy out. And we have heard some powerful and moving
:30:13. > :30:20.tributes to Nelson Mandela. The Deputy President of South Africa
:30:21. > :30:24.warning of the failure to live up to Mandela's example. He was a rugged,
:30:25. > :30:29.moral force, he said, that edged humanity higher on the plain of
:30:30. > :30:37.civilisation and those who followed him must not fail to live up to his
:30:38. > :30:44.philosophy or destroy his dream. Then, Desmond Tutu, very touchingly,
:30:45. > :30:50.thanking and thanking and thanking the young. Thanking the young people
:30:51. > :31:04.of Britain and the world for their support for anti-apartheid. He was
:31:05. > :31:26.listened to here by members of the Mandela family, his two
:31:27. > :31:36.listened to here by members of the Mandela family, his daughters.
:31:37. > :31:44.Prince Harry, who was representing the Queen here this morning. Prince
:31:45. > :31:52.Charles, his father, went to South Africa to the funeral service back
:31:53. > :31:57.in December. And the people you see here, they are all connected in some
:31:58. > :32:03.way with the story of Nelson Mandela. That story that has been
:32:04. > :32:11.told and retold and will continue for many years to inspire people,
:32:12. > :32:16.the story of a man who spent 27 years in jail and because of his
:32:17. > :32:25.refusal to come out, was in effect the rock on which apartheid was
:32:26. > :32:32.broken. Perhaps it is worth remembering the words of Mandela, in
:32:33. > :32:37.his book - we have not taken the final step of our journey, but the
:32:38. > :32:41.first step on a longer and even more difficult road. For to be free is
:32:42. > :32:46.not merely to cast off one's chains, but to live in a way which enhances
:32:47. > :32:48.the freedom of others. The true test of our devotion to freedom is just
:32:49. > :32:55.beginning.