:00:00. > :00:07.We have taken the big decision - Britain is out
:00:08. > :00:28.Welcome to the heart of London - seen by some
:00:29. > :00:33.Soon though, it will no longer be part of the EU.
:00:34. > :00:36.Tonight, in a special programme, we reflect on the big decision you,
:00:37. > :00:38.the voters, have taken - perhaps the biggest decision
:00:39. > :00:46.What does the future hold for a UK now leaving the world's biggest
:00:47. > :00:49.club, and now looking for a new Prime Minister?
:00:50. > :00:51.Can the United Kingdom hold together, as
:00:52. > :00:57.says a second referendum is highly likely?
:00:58. > :01:02.On a night when the country radically changed direction.
:01:03. > :01:04.I travelled from north to south, starting in Edinburgh,
:01:05. > :01:07.across urban and rural Britain, as the country turned its back
:01:08. > :01:22.I will do everything I can as Prime Minister to steady the ship over the
:01:23. > :01:27.coming weeks and months but I do not think it would be right for me to
:01:28. > :01:30.try to be the captain that steers our country to its next destination.
:01:31. > :01:33.Rachel Burden profiles the lifelong rivalry between David Cameron
:01:34. > :01:40.and his likely successor, Boris Johnson.
:01:41. > :01:42.What next for the Polish builder planning to make
:01:43. > :01:47.Elaine Dunkley is with young people in Birmingham -
:01:48. > :01:52.a generation that voted to remain, in a city that voted to leave.
:01:53. > :01:56.We are one of the youngest cities in Europe, in terms of how many
:01:57. > :01:58.young people are here, and I was just upset that we didn't
:01:59. > :02:02.come out in the droves of us that are living here to say that,
:02:03. > :02:07.as the stats show, most of us want to remain.
:02:08. > :02:09.And drawing the first line of history - the cartoonist
:02:10. > :02:16.Gerald Scarfe is with us to show us his take on Brexit.
:02:17. > :02:18.So the big decision has been taken - but only just.
:02:19. > :02:21.In keeping with what many saw as a divisive campaign,
:02:22. > :02:26.the result reveals a divided United Kingdom.
:02:27. > :02:32.Leave won, 51.9% voting to get out of the EU.
:02:33. > :02:38.It was a victory won in England, where 53.4% voted Leave, and in
:02:39. > :02:46.But in Scotland there was a big majority for Remain - 62% -
:02:47. > :02:52.as there was in Northern Ireland, with 55.8%.
:02:53. > :02:58.The country is split - a division that was clear to me
:02:59. > :03:01.as I travelled the length of the country, starting
:03:02. > :03:11.in Edinburgh last night just before the polls closed.
:03:12. > :03:18.Perhaps few of us realised it but, as we voted yesterday, we were
:03:19. > :03:23.juggling with fire. Our vote is not just about what was on the ballot
:03:24. > :03:28.paper but also the unity of our country and who will govern us from
:03:29. > :03:32.now on. The theory was that this referendum would resolve something,
:03:33. > :03:37.it would settle a question. One thing it has settled with the
:03:38. > :03:41.divisions in Britain, divisions between one nation, here I am in
:03:42. > :03:45.Scotland, and the rest of the country. Divisions between
:03:46. > :03:54.generations. Divisions between rich and poor. Will it settle anything?
:03:55. > :03:57.Who on earth knows. Or are you worried that Scotland might vote one
:03:58. > :04:07.way and the rest of the UK the other? Convinced. I was hovering in
:04:08. > :04:12.the box? With a pencil? Yes. Edinburgh is the most pro-EU city in
:04:13. > :04:18.the most pro-EU country. Over the border is where the anti-EU revolt
:04:19. > :04:21.began. The border between England and Scotland is not just the border
:04:22. > :04:26.between nations, but between differing attitudes to membership of
:04:27. > :04:31.the EU, one of the many divisions which have been exposed in this
:04:32. > :04:35.referendum. The first city to declare, the first tremor to signal
:04:36. > :04:41.the earthquake to come, was Newcastle. I headed to a polling
:04:42. > :04:47.station as it prepared to close. You just voted? Yes, I voted to leave.
:04:48. > :04:56.Are you scared that Britain might leave? No, I might just go home.
:04:57. > :05:01.You'd go home if the UK left Europe? Yeah, I guess. It's been nice having
:05:02. > :05:10.you. You've got a minute, by my count. In you go. How did you vote?
:05:11. > :05:19.Remain. No doubts? No doubt. Because? No idea. The door has
:05:20. > :05:25.closed, no more votes, polling is over. Britain's destiny hangs in the
:05:26. > :05:30.balance. So Big Ben has struck ten o'clock and we start trying to
:05:31. > :05:40.discover which side has carried the day. The CBI are having their
:05:41. > :05:47.north-east dinner tonight. The polls have closed. Let's see how Novy the
:05:48. > :05:53.businessmen are. -- nervy. Polling has just closed. Is it a nervous
:05:54. > :05:59.occasion? Very. Business leaders here are very conscious so much has
:06:00. > :06:04.been on hold. I'm relaxed, I don't contemplate the answer can't be
:06:05. > :06:08.remain. I do business all over the world and I don't give a flying hoot
:06:09. > :06:14.about it. I think we should be independent, out of it, and get on
:06:15. > :06:17.with it. WAG Newcastle voted to remain, just, but, down the road in
:06:18. > :06:25.Sunderland came the sign that Britain was heading for the exit. --
:06:26. > :06:29.Newcastle voted to remain. The conventional wisdom down south in
:06:30. > :06:34.London is that Remain have just edged it. That is what the financial
:06:35. > :06:40.markets and private polls are saying and both sides privately saying but,
:06:41. > :06:45.until these votes are counted up and announced in the north-east,
:06:46. > :06:50.frankly, nobody really knows. The total number of votes cast in favour
:06:51. > :06:56.of Leave was... CHEERING DROWNED SPEECH THEY ARE
:06:57. > :07:05.CELEBRATING BECAUSE THAT IS OVER 60%. SUNDERLAND, THE FIRST PLACE IN
:07:06. > :07:13.THE COUNTRY DEVOTED LEAVE, by a much major modern -- a much major mark --
:07:14. > :07:17.bigger margin than anybody expected. There are people who have not voted
:07:18. > :07:22.since Margaret Thatcher was Prime Minister. It is the working man who
:07:23. > :07:27.has said no. Are they saying no to Europe or to the guys running the
:07:28. > :07:32.country? A bit of both. The time has come with people have said, we've
:07:33. > :07:37.had enough of big Bob -- big government and big business telling
:07:38. > :07:40.us what is good for us. We have been an island for hundreds of years.
:07:41. > :07:46.Germany tried twice to rule Europe. This is the third time, and we have
:07:47. > :07:53.had enough. Why should we be dictated to by the likes of Germany?
:07:54. > :07:58.In the last few minutes, the pound has fallen to levels not seen since
:07:59. > :08:03.2009. For those still awake, the mood was beginning to change, the
:08:04. > :08:13.market starting to panic, Leave starting to believe they could win.
:08:14. > :08:20.I voted to leave. Leave. Leave. Leave. So you feel good? I would say
:08:21. > :08:29.so. Did you believe your side would win? Yes. Because? The only reason I
:08:30. > :08:33.could see for staying was that we don't know what will happen if we go
:08:34. > :08:39.out, and that isn't a good enough reason for not making that decision.
:08:40. > :08:41.I think we've got a chance to make written Britain again. I really
:08:42. > :08:48.believe now is the chance to take that opportunity. -- to make Britain
:08:49. > :08:54.Britain again. I don't know what that means, sorry. For Britain to be
:08:55. > :09:01.a self-governing country, with laws and regulations and a parliament
:09:02. > :09:04.that looks after what we are doing. Birds are singing, dawn over Leeds.
:09:05. > :09:13.I've had a text message from a senior Remain member, effectively
:09:14. > :09:19.conceding defeat. In there, students representing the many young people
:09:20. > :09:24.who have campaigned to Remain. Do they accept they have lost? You
:09:25. > :09:33.still believe it? I think we will be OK. You think it will be OK? It will
:09:34. > :09:40.be down to the wire, I don't know. If it goes Leave, how will you feel?
:09:41. > :09:45.Devastated. Most of us graduate in two weeks, so it is a worrying
:09:46. > :09:53.horizon. We are supposed to be entering the job market. It's scary.
:09:54. > :09:57.It is. 7:30am. Anybody who went to bed at a normal time thought they
:09:58. > :10:02.were going to bed Britain staying in the EU, now working, having their
:10:03. > :10:06.breakfast, and they are discovering the news that we are leaving the EU,
:10:07. > :10:16.and it changes just about everything. The question is, how
:10:17. > :10:29.will Britain feel? It's a big thing. First English breakfast in England.
:10:30. > :10:37.Feeling good then? Very. I am. We get our country back today. It's
:10:38. > :10:49.Independence Day. Out? Out. Done. Not possibly. No, it's possible. No
:10:50. > :10:53.more Europe. Not good. The result now clear, so, too, was the fear
:10:54. > :10:57.beginning to spread among those who desperately wanted us to remain,
:10:58. > :11:02.including this farmer I met in Peterborough with his daughter. I'm
:11:03. > :11:08.afraid it could even result in violence. In Britain between
:11:09. > :11:14.countries? Between countries, and I wouldn't want any bloodshed. Could
:11:15. > :11:20.break up the EU, break up the United Kingdom. It fills me with dread. The
:11:21. > :11:25.Prime Minister will be talking in five minutes from Downing Street.
:11:26. > :11:30.He's not going to resign, is he? I think he will be gone in weeks.
:11:31. > :11:38.Events would start to move a lot faster. I think the country requires
:11:39. > :11:42.fresh leadership. The Prime Minister walked on to Downing Street and we
:11:43. > :11:46.headed back to London. David Cameron has quit. People said he wouldn't
:11:47. > :11:51.have to if he lost, but he felt he needed to. Why? The reasons are
:11:52. > :11:55.clear. This was a referendum he didn't need to have. It was a
:11:56. > :12:04.referendum of his choosing on a date that he picked, on turf deselected.
:12:05. > :12:10.And he lost it. That's why. -- on turf he selected. By now, the pound
:12:11. > :12:14.had crashed, stocks, too, and the markets were in panic. I landed in
:12:15. > :12:19.what already felt like a different country. Not just because so much
:12:20. > :12:25.had changed in such a short time but because London, which voted
:12:26. > :12:28.overwhelmingly to Remain, has more in common with Edinburgh than
:12:29. > :12:36.anywhere in between. It is now 10:30am. We are in London. At red,
:12:37. > :12:42.tall tower, Westminster tower, is the new centre of power in this
:12:43. > :12:46.country. It's the headquarters of Vote Leave. Boris Johnson, Michael
:12:47. > :12:50.Gove, they will meet there, they will appear in front of the media.
:12:51. > :12:56.They are the men who will shape the direction this country now takes.
:12:57. > :13:00.Take back control, one of the most powerful slogans in the history of
:13:01. > :13:07.politics, and control is precisely what they now have. Let's examine
:13:08. > :13:09.some of the consequences. Stephanie Flanders of JP Morgan
:13:10. > :13:12.Asset Management, in Edinburgh, our Scotland Editor,
:13:13. > :13:14.Sarah Smith, and at Westminster, our Deputy
:13:15. > :13:23.Political Editor, John Pienaar. Stephanie, there will be people
:13:24. > :13:27.watching tonight who are worried about their own financial situation,
:13:28. > :13:33.their savings, their pensions, their job. How worried should they be? It
:13:34. > :13:38.has been a hit to the economy. We think there will be a hit to
:13:39. > :13:40.confidence, investment, and that means slower job growth in the next
:13:41. > :13:46.couple of months and years, there will be less investment in that kind
:13:47. > :13:49.of activity. We don't think at the moment it will push the economy into
:13:50. > :13:52.recession, but the economy is already slowed down a lot, and we
:13:53. > :13:57.know the Bank of England will be watching closely to see how it
:13:58. > :14:01.affects the financial markets and real economic activity out there. If
:14:02. > :14:05.they see a risk, I think they might do a bit more to have a further cut
:14:06. > :14:09.in interest rates. If you were hoping to have higher interest rates
:14:10. > :14:13.on your savings in the next year or so, that is much is likely to
:14:14. > :14:18.happen, but equally a mortgage rate rise is less likely. We will see
:14:19. > :14:22.higher inflation. The fall in the pound in import prices will be
:14:23. > :14:30.higher, so inflation could be 3-4% next year.
:14:31. > :14:37.The Stock Exchange. The FTSE, was down, went up to a fall of about 2%.
:14:38. > :14:40.Maybe it will all be fine? You were talking about the middle of the
:14:41. > :14:43.night and we had that plunge in sterling. It was really brought
:14:44. > :14:48.about because there had been this rather odd rally in the markets in
:14:49. > :14:52.the last week, for no good reason, I think. The markets had decided
:14:53. > :14:56.Remain would win, despite the fact that the polls seemed to be pretty
:14:57. > :15:02.close, there had been this certainty that it had overtaken the markets
:15:03. > :15:06.and pushed them up so when they came down it seemed dramatic. The FTSE is
:15:07. > :15:12.higher now. Behind me is the City of London, you now work in the City of
:15:13. > :15:16.London. Of course the City of London is not just creating jobs in this
:15:17. > :15:20.city but across the UK. Some companies have warned of very, very
:15:21. > :15:24.big job losses. In the thousands, as big has to be moved to the EU. Is
:15:25. > :15:28.that going to happen or are banks going to wait and see? I think they
:15:29. > :15:31.won't just wait and see but it's in between those. The Leave side said
:15:32. > :15:36.the next day nothing will change. That's true. But every finance
:15:37. > :15:40.director, every multinational, not just banks has been on the phone to
:15:41. > :15:42.other people in the company saying who are our trading relationship,
:15:43. > :15:46.what are customer relationships with the UK and other parts of Europe,
:15:47. > :15:49.how is it going to affect them? In the case of banks there are bits of
:15:50. > :15:53.business that could be very affected and they won't be able to wait to
:15:54. > :15:58.see how this deal goes. Nothing will happen immediately but parts of that
:15:59. > :16:02.business will go and probably go long before these negotiations
:16:03. > :16:08.start. Money waits for no one. Politics waits for no one. Let's
:16:09. > :16:12.turn to our deputy political editor. John, we had this extraordinary
:16:13. > :16:17.democratic experiment but we are now going to see the Tory membership,
:16:18. > :16:21.not the public, not Members of Parliament, choose our next Prime
:16:22. > :16:24.Minister and within weeks. Yes, I think it's all sorts of open
:16:25. > :16:30.questions as to where we go with all of this. They will have to have a
:16:31. > :16:34.new leader because David Cameron's authority was shot through, they
:16:35. > :16:37.need a leader who can sit down at conference tables and be believed
:16:38. > :16:40.when he says it's possible to drive a successful bargain on behalf of
:16:41. > :16:43.Britain. The new leader will start with an entire will you new
:16:44. > :16:46.programme, to get through parliament, which still has a small
:16:47. > :16:52.majority for the Conservative Party, a dangerously small majority and a
:16:53. > :16:55.country waiting to see what is in store from their new-look Brexit
:16:56. > :16:59.Government which is why the possibility of an early general
:17:00. > :17:03.election is a real and open question. And is it a sure bet that
:17:04. > :17:07.next leader will be Boris Johnson? He is going to take a lot of
:17:08. > :17:11.stopping. His popularity out in the country with the party at large,
:17:12. > :17:15.that goes without saying. You see it almost wherever he goes. He doesn't
:17:16. > :17:20.have quite the same devoted following at Westminster. He is
:17:21. > :17:25.someone who can work a hall of 5,000 people. He is less about working a
:17:26. > :17:29.room of MPs with 20 in them. Less by way of pressing the flesh in the tea
:17:30. > :17:32.room, less by way of lunch and dinner parts and a kind word for
:17:33. > :17:37.everyone. He has been a bit neglectful about that. Tory MPs see
:17:38. > :17:40.he is the frontrunner, he will attract support. Question mark, in
:17:41. > :17:45.the weeks and months between now and the selection of a new leader will
:17:46. > :17:50.Boris' weaknesses such as they are be undermined? His claim to the top
:17:51. > :17:53.job and the past record, the dark horse, the one you don't put first
:17:54. > :17:57.in the running when the contest starts, that's the one who comes
:17:58. > :18:01.through in the end. Thank you. No rest for you after the
:18:02. > :18:06.referendum. In Edinburgh, our Scotland editor is also going to be
:18:07. > :18:10.busy. The First Minister made clear that it was on the table the
:18:11. > :18:15.possibility of a second referendum on Scottish independence. What does
:18:16. > :18:19.that mean, is it going to happen and if so how soon? Well, we asked her
:18:20. > :18:23.that directly and she said she thought it was highly likely. Now
:18:24. > :18:27.that's different from saying she is definitely going to do it. Instead
:18:28. > :18:31.she's been inserting her right to hold a second referendum if she
:18:32. > :18:35.wants to saying this Brexit is a material change from the
:18:36. > :18:38.circumstances in which Scotland voted in 2014 against becoming an
:18:39. > :18:42.independent country. She thinks she could hold a referendum. Will she?
:18:43. > :18:46.That entirely depends on whether or not she thinks she can win it.
:18:47. > :18:51.Nobody really knows at this point whether 62% of Scotland voting to
:18:52. > :18:56.stay in the EU would translate into something like 60% of Scots voting
:18:57. > :18:59.to leave the UK. Until she has some evidence as to whether or not this
:19:00. > :19:02.has increased support for independence she's not going to risk
:19:03. > :19:06.calling a referendum. Thank you very much.
:19:07. > :19:09.The referendum has divided Britain, its divided the Government -
:19:10. > :19:11.and has now brought David Cameron's premiership to an end.
:19:12. > :19:14.And, from the moment the former London Mayor Boris Johnson backed
:19:15. > :19:17.Leave, this became a battle not just over EU membership, but also
:19:18. > :19:22.And, as Rachel Burden reports, it's a battle that dates back
:19:23. > :19:34.Two men born into privilege, educated among the elite,
:19:35. > :19:37.political careers converging but torn apart by Europe.
:19:38. > :19:42.Both men were schooled at Eton, the natural choice for a posh
:19:43. > :19:44.boy like David Cameron, but it was brains that won
:19:45. > :19:48.He was a scholarship pupil and rapidly became
:19:49. > :19:54.David Cameron, on the other hand, didn't have quite the same impact.
:19:55. > :19:59.Former pupils and teachers here remember Boris Johnson
:20:00. > :20:02.as an extraordinary pupil with formidable wit,
:20:03. > :20:05.full of personality and popular right across the school.
:20:06. > :20:07.Even then, he was known simply as Boris.
:20:08. > :20:11.David Cameron, by contrast, is described as clever,
:20:12. > :20:13.decent, hard-working, but with none of the star quality
:20:14. > :20:26.Both men joined the Bullingdon Club, a drinking society for upper-class
:20:27. > :20:29.toffs, but that notorious picture of them together
:20:30. > :20:35.In fact, their paths at university were rather different.
:20:36. > :20:38.Boris continued to push his own personal brand, running successfully
:20:39. > :20:43.for president of the Oxford Union, a sort of mini House of Commons.
:20:44. > :20:46.Honourable members wishing to vote in favour of the motion will occupy
:20:47. > :20:51.Just like at Eton, Boris was well known throughout the university
:20:52. > :20:54.and had what one contemporary described as a truly
:20:55. > :20:57.remarkable personal, political franchise.
:20:58. > :21:01.David Cameron, by contrast, despite studying politics
:21:02. > :21:06.and working hard enough to earn himself a first, did not
:21:07. > :21:11.play any active part in student political life.
:21:12. > :21:14.James Dellingpole socialised with David Cameron but says
:21:15. > :21:18.it was Boris who had a clear sense of his own destiny.
:21:19. > :21:22.He knew from the start that he wanted a career in politics,
:21:23. > :21:26.which is why he was very keen to become president
:21:27. > :21:31.He was a flamboyant character but he was very much
:21:32. > :21:39.He couldn't have been less interested in student politics.
:21:40. > :21:44.He probably thought it was rather beneath him.
:21:45. > :21:46.Both men carried the characteristics of their early lives
:21:47. > :21:52.Boris Johnson, the scruffy genius with his gift for the gaffe.
:21:53. > :21:55.David Cameron, the model professional, managerial, pragmatic,
:21:56. > :22:07.He believes that his role is to keep the show on the road,
:22:08. > :22:11.number one, and, number two, to improve life for people
:22:12. > :22:18.He's very suspicious of people that have grand ideals.
:22:19. > :22:22.I have to struggle to find much ideology at all with Boris.
:22:23. > :22:25.He's clearly changed his mind about the EU several times.
:22:26. > :22:28.When I worked with him, we reported on the EU together.
:22:29. > :22:34.In public, he'd write the most excoriating pieces about the EU.
:22:35. > :22:36.There is no ideology, which is why it's quite
:22:37. > :22:41.difficult to tell what kind of Prime Minister he would be.
:22:42. > :22:44.Soon, this place will be vacant, as another Tory leader falls
:22:45. > :22:51.Europe is the sword that has split these parallel political lives,
:22:52. > :22:55.even though both men have been accused of inconsistency
:22:56. > :22:59.and opportunism on the whole question throughout their careers.
:23:00. > :23:04.Now the British people have had their say, so is this a final
:23:05. > :23:07.chance for Boris to catch up with his rival and complete the last
:23:08. > :23:17.leg of that journey from Eton to Oxford to Number Ten?
:23:18. > :23:20.This referendum has unsettled just about everything.
:23:21. > :23:23.With me now is Iain Duncan Smith, the former Work and Pensions
:23:24. > :23:33.Before we talk to you let's go to Gerald Scarfe. You are making
:23:34. > :23:36.progress on the cartoons. I am working on one of my favourites,
:23:37. > :23:41.Farage, he is wonderful material. He has Cameron in a glass of beer and
:23:42. > :23:46.saying bottoms up. No one would have believed a while back that Farage
:23:47. > :23:51.would be the victor and Cameron defeated. I don't want to lose him,
:23:52. > :23:54.he is good material. You want to keep him there? I am always for
:23:55. > :23:56.keeping the bad ones in tlshgs they're the best material. You have
:23:57. > :24:00.a few more weeks. Iain Duncan Smith, welcome to the programme. Thank you
:24:01. > :24:04.for joining us. First of all, on this Tory leadership, let's remember
:24:05. > :24:08.it's no longer a bit of gossip about who might replace your party leader,
:24:09. > :24:13.this is about who has power in this country within weeks who is the next
:24:14. > :24:17.Prime Minister of this country. Is Boris Johnson up to the job? If you
:24:18. > :24:20.are asking me do I think he personally has the attributes and
:24:21. > :24:24.has he displayed those, I think in the course of the campaign a number
:24:25. > :24:32.of questions that people like you were asking about, does he have the
:24:33. > :24:35.ability to focus, can he conduct debates and be cross-examined, you
:24:36. > :24:38.saw he did meet those challenges and the answer to that question is I
:24:39. > :24:41.think yes. Is he going to be the only one to meet those challenges?
:24:42. > :24:44.Absolutely not. There will be others who will step forward. I sense he is
:24:45. > :24:49.not quite your man. There may be others? Having been leader I have to
:24:50. > :24:52.tell you I wish them the best of luck, because I have the t-shirt and
:24:53. > :24:57.the knife stab wounds and everything else. I say, you know, I am taking a
:24:58. > :25:02.pace back, because for me this is all about where do we go next as --
:25:03. > :25:06.as a country? I am less interested in the leadership end of this.
:25:07. > :25:08.People watching may think we have had this fantastic exercise in
:25:09. > :25:13.democracy where they love or hate the result and the next Prime
:25:14. > :25:16.Minister of our country will be chosen purely by whether you pay a
:25:17. > :25:20.Conservative membership fee, does that make you feel uncomfortable?
:25:21. > :25:23.You know as well as I do that a parliamentary democracy mean that is
:25:24. > :25:26.you elect a body of people to form your Government. In other words, a
:25:27. > :25:30.party gets elected and whoever they choose to be their leader becomes
:25:31. > :25:35.the Prime Minister. That is really what the... A bunch of Tory
:25:36. > :25:40.activists will decide the next occupant of Number 10? Now it's a
:25:41. > :25:43.little wider and it goes out wide, my sense is it needs explaining to
:25:44. > :25:47.the public but you are right about the democracy bit. Yesterday was
:25:48. > :25:50.startling, it was fascinating. I think we learned a lot and there is
:25:51. > :25:54.more to learn about what the British public thinks about us. There is
:25:55. > :25:57.also something to learn about the process, people might imagine they
:25:58. > :26:02.voted to get out, therefore, we are out. We are not out of the European
:26:03. > :26:07.Union, are we? There is a lot of steps and a few years to go before
:26:08. > :26:11.we are actually ex-tri-indicated? There are a number of different ways
:26:12. > :26:16.you can approach this. Cameron has put it on hold, he has basically
:26:17. > :26:19.said I am not going to get us out of the EU I will leave it to the next
:26:20. > :26:22.Prime Minister. It's already on hold for months. There are things we can
:26:23. > :26:26.get on with immediately. Whatever the process that we go through we
:26:27. > :26:33.need to start defining that. It's important for us to bring together a
:26:34. > :26:37.cross-party group of people and some experts from outside, legal experts
:26:38. > :26:42.and experts from business, etc, to be able to start to put together a
:26:43. > :26:45.team that says look this is the best process and these are the best
:26:46. > :26:48.prospects and at least we can get going with that now, notwithstanding
:26:49. > :26:51.the fact there is a leadership election on, that process should
:26:52. > :26:55.begin and I very much want to help make that happen. Yet there will be
:26:56. > :26:58.people in the House of Commons, people in the House of Lords who say
:26:59. > :27:02.there is no majority in this place, parliament, for getting out, we want
:27:03. > :27:05.to do as much as we can to make this as difficult as we can and you know
:27:06. > :27:08.what we will get inspiration from Iain Duncan Smith because he made
:27:09. > :27:13.life hell for John Major when he disagreed with him on Europe. We are
:27:14. > :27:17.going to do it now. We will cause trouble. Up to them really. You
:27:18. > :27:20.know, like everything else they had a referendum, it was arguably the
:27:21. > :27:24.biggest vote that we have had in this country in terms of a single
:27:25. > :27:28.question. I like to think and the Prime Minister said this originally,
:27:29. > :27:33.this is not an advisory referendum, it was an absolute decision by the
:27:34. > :27:36.British people, 4%, over a million-and-a-half votes, all I
:27:37. > :27:39.would say to colleagues in the House of Commons of course that's their
:27:40. > :27:42.decision. They're free to do what they like. Wye say the decision was
:27:43. > :27:45.to leave the European Union, the question is now what does that look
:27:46. > :27:51.like and we have to present that to the public. Do you worry that
:27:52. > :27:55.expectations are simply too high, there is this uncomfortable figure,
:27:56. > :27:59.?350 million that most people accept was never true, that amount of money
:28:00. > :28:03.was never sent to the EU, there is an expectation immigration will come
:28:04. > :28:08.down, the truth is it won't come down soon however quickly you get us
:28:09. > :28:11.out of the EU. Do you worry this air of rebellion we have seen may get
:28:12. > :28:15.worse when people say what's happened? Nothing has got better?
:28:16. > :28:20.No, because I think the main point now is the British public have asked
:28:21. > :28:25.to us do something, they've told us they've made a decision. I think
:28:26. > :28:29.it's for politicians to recognise two factors. First of all, the
:28:30. > :28:33.election process yesterday turned up something really quite startling and
:28:34. > :28:37.important for us beyond even the EU referendum point. What has happened
:28:38. > :28:40.is that British politics has become incredibly distant from the people
:28:41. > :28:44.it's meant to work for and govern. I have said this for sometime. What we
:28:45. > :28:48.saw, for example, on the housing estates yesterday, we had 80%
:28:49. > :28:50.turnouts in housing estates. Even when the Labour Government was
:28:51. > :28:55.elected we have never seen figures like that. If you don't deliver what
:28:56. > :29:00.they want, which is a cut in immigration they'll come for you.
:29:01. > :29:04.You have to deliver the terms of our departure from the EU and on that
:29:05. > :29:08.everything else hinges. Who governs is the key to migration, the key to
:29:09. > :29:12.money and it's the key to the future of the economy. That's the critical
:29:13. > :29:15.bit. If they try and delay it too long that's what they'll provoke. We
:29:16. > :29:18.need to get on with it. Thank you very much.
:29:19. > :29:20.Anna Soubry, the Business Minister and Remain supporter,
:29:21. > :29:33.I need to start by asking you that question you are never supposed to
:29:34. > :29:40.ask in my job, how does it feel? I suspect you are gutted. Oh, yeah. I
:29:41. > :29:44.think it a very sad day, not only because of the result but also the
:29:45. > :29:49.resignation of my Prime Minister. I'm a big fan of my Prime Minister,
:29:50. > :29:54.David Cameron. I don't share kitchen suppers with him but I have got to
:29:55. > :29:59.know him and to admire him. I think we are much poorer in our country
:30:00. > :30:03.for him resigning. It's a bad day. A lot of people have contacted me,
:30:04. > :30:08.their daughters, their friends, to say that as a generation they feel
:30:09. > :30:13.their future has been disturbed, if not stolen, by an older generation.
:30:14. > :30:18.I think a lot of people are very upset, especially younger people. Do
:30:19. > :30:24.you fight on or do you simply have to say, we fought, we lost, we have
:30:25. > :30:32.to accept the verdict, or is there a fight for some sort of European role
:30:33. > :30:36.for Britain? I accept the result and respect the wishes of the people and
:30:37. > :30:39.we have to move on. Mark Carney has done a grand job as governor of the
:30:40. > :30:44.Bank of England by stabilising the markets. There is more to be done to
:30:45. > :30:49.put the confidence back for his business but also a healing process
:30:50. > :30:54.needs to take place. Forgive me, but I have steak tonight, because I
:30:55. > :31:00.would much rather be back in my constituency, where there was a
:31:01. > :31:04.tribute at 6:30pm to Jo Cox. -- I have stayed. One of the problems
:31:05. > :31:09.today was that the debate in politics has been to London centric.
:31:10. > :31:13.The media needs to get out of London and listen to what people are
:31:14. > :31:19.thinking and saying. That is where I was during all this. I foresaw much
:31:20. > :31:23.of this, and now I have experienced a situation in our country which I
:31:24. > :31:28.haven't seen since it was the 70s and I was a student in Birmingham
:31:29. > :31:31.and then Hackney, people talking about race, immigrants in a
:31:32. > :31:37.derogatory way, and I haven't seen that in 40 years. We've got to stop
:31:38. > :31:42.preying on prejudice and fuelling fear. That's what's happened. Now
:31:43. > :31:45.we've got to put back that great value of Britishness, which is
:31:46. > :31:51.tolerance, and that must be achieved by all politicians working together
:31:52. > :31:56.in that big a good. Could Boris Johnson BV to do that or do you need
:31:57. > :32:00.to find somebody else, because you think he is guilty of playing the
:32:01. > :32:06.immigration card? There is not one person... Only one person becomes
:32:07. > :32:13.Prime Minister, in a few weeks. Is he up to the job? I am absolutely
:32:14. > :32:16.not interested any more at this stage in talking about
:32:17. > :32:21.personalities. That is what bedevilled this EU debate, is that
:32:22. > :32:25.it became about personalities, and it was, who got the star rating here
:32:26. > :32:30.and who was going for the leadership by taking a slug out of my Prime
:32:31. > :32:33.Minister. That is one reason we lost the debate, because we never had the
:32:34. > :32:38.real debate about the issues, the future of our nation, what they
:32:39. > :32:42.wanted us to be. That is why, from my point of view, it was so
:32:43. > :32:47.important that we remained and continued to change the EU. That
:32:48. > :32:50.they never took place and it became a debate about immigration, and it
:32:51. > :32:55.hasn't been our finest hour. We need to put it behind us, to move forward
:32:56. > :32:59.and unite communities. I can't tell you some of the things I have seen
:33:00. > :33:03.in the last few weeks, names that have been shouted out to me, called
:33:04. > :33:08.a traitor and worse. People saying, these immigrants, get these
:33:09. > :33:15.immigrants out. We've got to make the case for immigration. These --
:33:16. > :33:17.this hasn't been done. You sound rather frightened about the
:33:18. > :33:24.divisions that have opened up in our society. Sorry, you broke up. You
:33:25. > :33:30.sound frightened about the divisions that have opened up in our society.
:33:31. > :33:34.Yes, I am very, very concerned, but we can heal it, because we've done
:33:35. > :33:39.it in the past. We now need a positive case to be made for
:33:40. > :33:43.immigration. If you tell people the decade as politicians, not me, I
:33:44. > :33:46.might say, that there is something bad about immigration, they will
:33:47. > :33:51.vote in the way that they have. We need to make a positive case for the
:33:52. > :33:52.great integration immigrants have made our society, economy and
:33:53. > :33:54.culture. You're watching The Big Decision
:33:55. > :33:56.with Nick Robinson, a special programme on the vote to leave
:33:57. > :33:59.the European Union. Vote Leave won the referendum
:34:00. > :34:01.with 51.9% of the vote. Scotland and Northern
:34:02. > :34:07.Ireland to remain. The Prime Minister will leave
:34:08. > :34:09.office later this year. He said that someone else needs to
:34:10. > :34:14.lead the negotiations over Brexit. And still to come, Fergal Keane
:34:15. > :34:19.is in Northern Ireland as Sinn Fein call for a new referendum
:34:20. > :34:30.on leaving the UK. He reports from what will soon be
:34:31. > :34:31.the UK's only land border with the EU.
:34:32. > :34:33.Well, both sides were agreed on one thing -
:34:34. > :34:35.there is no going back from a vote to leave.
:34:36. > :34:37.And that will affect one group of people perhaps
:34:38. > :34:40.more than any other - the young - who will now plan
:34:41. > :34:43.and live their lives as British citizens outside the EU.
:34:44. > :34:46.According to YouGov, 75% of 18 to 24-year-olds voted to remain.
:34:47. > :34:48.Elaine Dunkley has been to Birmingham, a city
:34:49. > :34:50.that voted to leave, to talk to a generation that
:34:51. > :35:02.Birmingham, a city which has the youngest population in Europe.
:35:03. > :35:07.40% of people here are under the age of 25.
:35:08. > :35:11.The referendum, a chance to shape their vision of the future.
:35:12. > :35:14.Democracy has decided that their future is best served
:35:15. > :35:24.Are you surprised that Birmingham voted to leave the European Union?
:35:25. > :35:29.That's the saddest part of the whole thing, you look
:35:30. > :35:34.at the whole country and go, wow, it's a massive decision,
:35:35. > :35:38.the biggest decision we'll ever make, but that the city I have
:35:39. > :35:43.called home for the last 23 years has voted a majority leave,
:35:44. > :35:50.I was upset we didn't come out in the droves of us that are living
:35:51. > :35:54.there to say that as the stats show, most of us want to remain.
:35:55. > :35:59.I'm in the middle and I think the decision has been rushed.
:36:00. > :36:02.I voted leave because A, sovereignty, but B, I think there's
:36:03. > :36:09.I think it will be a case of short-term
:36:10. > :36:14.As someone, I run a business and my head was conflicted,
:36:15. > :36:17.I voted with my heart, I voted remain because I thought
:36:18. > :36:20.that was the best thing for the economy and the country
:36:21. > :36:23.but there are arguments for leave, and for the economy,
:36:24. > :36:30.this allows us to trade with China and India, these huge markets.
:36:31. > :36:33.Do you fear for your future job prospects?
:36:34. > :36:36.I think it's got grave consequences and I worry about prospects
:36:37. > :36:42.of buying a home and interest rates and everything else with it.
:36:43. > :36:47.It affects every single aspect of our lives.
:36:48. > :36:53.What were your reasons and how do you feel now?
:36:54. > :36:58.I personally think it will give us so much more control and it
:36:59. > :37:03.will also decrease the chances of terrorist attacks and we don't
:37:04. > :37:06.know who's coming in, we don't know who everyone,
:37:07. > :37:13.The point about the terrorist attacks, a lot of terrorists
:37:14. > :37:15.are home-grown terrorists so we don't know what we're
:37:16. > :37:19.Like this gentleman said, our forefathers, we are immigrants.
:37:20. > :37:23.Birmingham is multicultural and diverse and I'm surprised
:37:24. > :37:26.we didn't vote, everyone voted on Facebook but no one seemed
:37:27. > :37:32.You're from Poland so you couldn't vote but you've been
:37:33. > :37:36.How do you feel because a lot of the discussion has been
:37:37. > :37:38.about people like yourself from eastern Europe?
:37:39. > :37:42.I feel unwelcome, which is shocking because I've never
:37:43. > :37:51.A few months ago it started to be really awkward to say I'm Polish,
:37:52. > :37:54.it started to be really uncomfortable and it's not
:37:55. > :37:57.just my experiences, it's also the experience
:37:58. > :38:02.I think we're talking about immigration quite a lot
:38:03. > :38:05.but at our age demographic, I don't think that's an influence.
:38:06. > :38:09.We live with people, we are multicultural people,
:38:10. > :38:13.so we thought it was mainly about our future.
:38:14. > :38:16.Nobody is talking about our future, nobody did, it was about the issues
:38:17. > :38:21.This idea of, we don't know what's going to happen, this goes back
:38:22. > :38:23.to what we were saying about wanting more information,
:38:24. > :38:26.was it done too quickly, and we have to remember
:38:27. > :38:33.Would you prefer to live in a different society?
:38:34. > :38:35.The list of questions about the future is long
:38:36. > :38:40.Brexit will be a brave new world for a generation that has always
:38:41. > :38:49.If one issue has decided the result of this referendum,
:38:50. > :38:51.it's immigration - so claimed Ukip leader
:38:52. > :38:55.Nigel Farage in his moment of triumph this morning.
:38:56. > :38:58.The Remain campaign, he suggested, was unable to come up with an answer
:38:59. > :39:01.for voters unhappy with the freedom of movement, a freedom which has
:39:02. > :39:04.seen millions of EU migrants, many of them from Poland,
:39:05. > :39:11.Our correspondent Matthew Price reports now from Warsaw to see
:39:12. > :39:20.There was little today here on the other side of the water
:39:21. > :39:23.to suggest that change of such a seismic nature had come.
:39:24. > :39:28.It was a day for relaxing in the intense heat and yet...
:39:29. > :39:34.Goodbye, Great Britain, was the news on the radio
:39:35. > :39:41.Among the hundreds of thousands working in the UK is Igor,
:39:42. > :39:48.He heads back to London with his team for another job this weekend.
:39:49. > :39:50.Do you think this vote changes anything for Polish workers?
:39:51. > :39:56.Yes, it will change many Polish workers, many of them will stay
:39:57. > :39:59.in England because they are good qualified, they make
:40:00. > :40:10.Not for them, not for their cheifs but for England.
:40:11. > :40:18.For eastern Europe, released in 1989 from the shackles of half
:40:19. > :40:20.a century of Soviet rule, joining the EU was seen
:40:21. > :40:25.at the moment they finally entered the European family.
:40:26. > :40:29.And they've benefited, with freedom of movement
:40:30. > :40:34.With so many Poles living in the UK, this nation arguably has more
:40:35. > :40:36.to lose than any other because of Britain's
:40:37. > :40:41.It's a decision which has implications for the whole
:40:42. > :40:45.of the EU, implications about the bloc's future direction,
:40:46. > :40:49.indeed its very survival, and a decision which marks the start
:40:50. > :40:54.of a process which could well make it far more difficult for people
:40:55. > :40:59.from countries like this to come to Britain to live and to work.
:41:00. > :41:10.A nurse, 32, she wanted to move her family to Britain.
:41:11. > :41:14.She already has a job lined up in a private hospital.
:41:15. > :41:21.We are going there for him, only for him, to provide him
:41:22. > :41:27.with a future, opportunities for the future, and now I'm worried
:41:28. > :41:34.because he is Polish and maybe somebody will not like him.
:41:35. > :41:38.And take a peek at Dominika's timeline.
:41:39. > :41:40.The non-British EU friends that she made when she worked
:41:41. > :41:44.in the UK are all worried, as is Dominika herself,
:41:45. > :41:53.I somehow didn't want to believe this would happen.
:41:54. > :41:58.And yes, I do feel sorry for all the Poles because for
:41:59. > :42:07.Like at this time, they are actually not really welcomed.
:42:08. > :42:11.The referendum campaign itself established few certainties.
:42:12. > :42:14.Now the uncertainties unleashed by the decision
:42:15. > :42:18.to leave have spread - spread across the EU,
:42:19. > :42:29.With me now are Daniel Hannan, the pro-Leave Conservative
:42:30. > :42:43.MEP, and also Ed Balls, Labour's former Shadow Chancellor.
:42:44. > :42:50.Good evening. Do you agree, Ed Balls, even though you don't agree
:42:51. > :42:54.with him on the outcome, do you agree with Nigel Farage that it was
:42:55. > :43:00.immigration that did it, people's anxiety that led them to vote out?
:43:01. > :43:05.The immigration issue was not faced up to in the campaign or before, and
:43:06. > :43:09.that was a real problem. In the end, it was very important in deciding
:43:10. > :43:15.the vote. These issues go back five, ten years. Globalisation has been
:43:16. > :43:20.happening to a country like ours, we had a huge financial crisis, we have
:43:21. > :43:24.had a squeeze on wages, because people find it hard to get good
:43:25. > :43:29.jobs, and then we have had migration, in Europe but in other
:43:30. > :43:33.countries as well on a scale none of us anticipated. The reality is that
:43:34. > :43:36.we have not faced up to that as a political class. When people said
:43:37. > :43:40.they wanted to control it wasn't that they were saying, close the
:43:41. > :43:44.borders, but they wanted it to be managed, and it was not managed
:43:45. > :43:50.properly enough, and that is a great feeling. Daniel Hannan, now you have
:43:51. > :43:55.won it, and I don't want to spoil your big day... I have been building
:43:56. > :43:59.up to it for 20 years. There is a danger that people might think, we
:44:00. > :44:03.are out, immigration will come down now, we will be happier because our
:44:04. > :44:08.wages will go up, and it will not be like that. It won't, but people
:44:09. > :44:12.understand there will not be anything immediate and radical.
:44:13. > :44:17.Nothing changes until Brexit comes into effect. That could be two,
:44:18. > :44:23.three years, who knows? Even then, the day that we formally leave looks
:44:24. > :44:28.just like the day before. That is the daily diversions can begin. The
:44:29. > :44:31.day that we leave, all the technical standards we have been celebrated
:44:32. > :44:37.are all still there. We can start to get rid of them. That is the
:44:38. > :44:43.favourite one side or the other can begin to
:44:44. > :44:48.There isn't just that delay. If you were back at the Treasury people
:44:49. > :44:52.would be saying to you we need migrants to run the businesses
:44:53. > :44:56.around here. The reality is now for the Government, this is a very, very
:44:57. > :45:01.difficult task they face over the next two years to try and get a deal
:45:02. > :45:06.which is a good deal for Britain and is going to require all parties to
:45:07. > :45:10.be part of that. The reality is that if we leave and we are now going to
:45:11. > :45:14.leave, on what terms? In particular, that access to the single market. I
:45:15. > :45:19.have always believed we need to move away from free movement but at the
:45:20. > :45:22.moment if we go for a Norway type deal or Switzerland, and we have
:45:23. > :45:25.access to the single market, at the moment that will be on the basis of
:45:26. > :45:28.free movement. I don't think that's going to be acceptable after this
:45:29. > :45:33.campaign. What kind of deal can be struck? I want to apologise to
:45:34. > :45:37.people if you are having a strange effect on the sound we are here too,
:45:38. > :45:44.so apologies. Bear with us if you would. If you switched off all EU
:45:45. > :45:47.immigration like that now, net migration would still be massively
:45:48. > :45:51.over the Government's target because we allow so many people in from
:45:52. > :45:54.outside Europe. That's true. It builds up expectations. Well, I am
:45:55. > :45:58.not sure that's right. I keep hearing this thing about built up
:45:59. > :46:02.expectations. We have never said there is going to be some radical
:46:03. > :46:06.decline, that we are going to shut the door, let alone the status of
:46:07. > :46:11.anyone here affected, that's completely off the table. You think
:46:12. > :46:14.people who voted yesterday thought actually immigration won't really
:46:15. > :46:18.change? They wanted control. What they wanted was some sense that
:46:19. > :46:22.ultimately we are in charge of roughly who comes in and roughly in
:46:23. > :46:27.what numbers. That's a theoretical concept you are saying. They wanted
:46:28. > :46:31.a cut. I have been on that campaign trail longer than almost anyone. I
:46:32. > :46:39.have been making this speech to audiences all over and at every one
:46:40. > :46:43.I say if you think - if you think we are getting rid of the Polish -
:46:44. > :46:45.people understand that. I am sure Dan's been saying that but other
:46:46. > :46:52.members of the Leave campaign have been saying the opposite. It's been
:46:53. > :46:54.a nasty campaign partly because it's been an anti-outside world,
:46:55. > :46:58.anti-immigrant campaign. Dan is right, people want it to be managed,
:46:59. > :47:02.they don't want to shut borders but promises made by the Out campaign
:47:03. > :47:06.have been we are going to put more money in the NHS and bring migration
:47:07. > :47:09.down radically, we are going to keep the benefits being part of the
:47:10. > :47:14.global economy while being outside the EU, they've got to deliver and
:47:15. > :47:18.it's going to be very hard indeed. We will control... That's not what
:47:19. > :47:21.people heard. I don't want to build up expectations but that will
:47:22. > :47:27.happen. You are still relatively young both of you butter veterans of
:47:28. > :47:34.this. Is it over -- but you are veterans of this. Is it over?
:47:35. > :47:38.Do you believe this is it for a generation? Well, I think this is it
:47:39. > :47:42.but I also think that there is a responsibility on us as the winning
:47:43. > :47:47.side to recognise that it was a very narrow margin. 48% of people voted
:47:48. > :47:51.to Remain. Including two of the four constituent nations of the UK. We
:47:52. > :47:54.can't pretend that didn't happen. We need to carry as many people with us
:47:55. > :48:01.and listen to the concerns of the Remain voters and that means that a
:48:02. > :48:04.lot of the things we are going to will remain in place. It's not going
:48:05. > :48:07.to be sudden and it will be done with the agreement... I think the
:48:08. > :48:12.magnitude of this decision is going to sink in over the next few months.
:48:13. > :48:16.It's been decided, it may well be in coming weeks our European partners
:48:17. > :48:19.will say actually for Britain we will give you restrictions on free
:48:20. > :48:22.movement. Unfortunately, it's going to be too late. I don't think the
:48:23. > :48:28.British people will be in a mood to change their mind. Thank you for
:48:29. > :48:34.joining us. We have covered a huge range of
:48:35. > :48:36.important issues. Northern Ireland noerld is another.
:48:37. > :48:38.Well, Northern Ireland voted to stay in the EU.
:48:39. > :48:42.But the decision taken by the rest of the UK raises the question
:48:43. > :48:44.of whether border controls will have to return between the North
:48:45. > :48:47.and the Republic of Ireland - which, of course, is still part
:48:48. > :48:50.That would inevitably stir memories of the Troubles,
:48:51. > :48:53.And, Sinn Fein today is demanding a referendum
:48:54. > :48:56.Fergal Keane reports from what will become
:48:57. > :49:02.the United Kingdom's land border with the European Union.
:49:03. > :49:04.The army used to call this bandit country,
:49:05. > :49:12.When I reported here during the Troubles it was a place
:49:13. > :49:21.But political compromise and EU money helped
:49:22. > :49:28.The guns vanished, the security bases closed.
:49:29. > :49:34.Thanks to the peace process, physical manifestations
:49:35. > :49:37.of the security presence along the border is no longer necessary,
:49:38. > :49:41.but because of Brexit, the Irish Republic now becomes this
:49:42. > :49:44.country's land border with Europe, with unknown political
:49:45. > :49:53.The republican dead are still invoked to support Sinn Fein's
:49:54. > :49:55.campaign for a united Ireland and today the party seized
:49:56. > :50:02.on the Brexit vote to say the time had come for a border referendum.
:50:03. > :50:05.Roisin Mulgrew is a local politician and businesswoman.
:50:06. > :50:07.We have always felt that as a 32-county Ireland
:50:08. > :50:12.We can attract investors and people need to sit
:50:13. > :50:16.An economic rather than nationalist argument?
:50:17. > :50:22.Close to the border, Protestant farmer Roy Harper has
:50:23. > :50:30.Ten of his neighbours were killed in a sectarian massacre nearby.
:50:31. > :50:33.Prosperity and peace should have made him a natural remain voter
:50:34. > :50:37.but he is celebrating, glad to be rid of red tape, he says.
:50:38. > :50:46.We're told there's going to be a lot of money available because we're not
:50:47. > :50:49.sending it into the EU coffers, but I don't think the Troubles,
:50:50. > :50:52.I sincerely hope not, but I couldn't see any connection
:50:53. > :50:57.We have Sinn Fein calling for a referendum on the border.
:50:58. > :50:59.A lot of people tell me they would rather be
:51:00. > :51:01.as we are and not be in a united Ireland.
:51:02. > :51:08.That is Catholic people as well as Protestants,
:51:09. > :51:11.a general mix of people, a lot of people don't want anything
:51:12. > :51:20.It was always an ambitious notion that being part of Europe
:51:21. > :51:22.would softed Ulster's battle of identities, especially
:51:23. > :51:26.in working-class communities, but the EU played an important role
:51:27. > :51:30.in supporting peace, not least with money.
:51:31. > :51:36.Where an army base once stood on this peaceline, they built this
:51:37. > :51:47.This class is for young people who lead summer camps
:51:48. > :51:49.for mixed groups of Catholic and Protestant children.
:51:50. > :51:51.What do you feel about what's happened?
:51:52. > :51:57.Our whole future of young people, it's not going to be
:51:58. > :52:09.There won't be a border poll any time soon but in a climate
:52:10. > :52:11.of reviving nationalism in the UK and political uncertainty,
:52:12. > :52:21.the delicate political balance here can be easily upset.
:52:22. > :52:27.With me here is the BBC's World Affairs Editor, John Simpson.
:52:28. > :52:34.You reported on Britain joining what was then the Common Market in 1975.
:52:35. > :52:40.No one conceived back then we would ever leave it again, did they? No,
:52:41. > :52:46.that was it. That was - I mean, there were people who talked darkly
:52:47. > :52:51.about a second referendum and how it had, but it was such a sweeping
:52:52. > :52:55.result, two-thirds to one-third, that it didn't really seem like an
:52:56. > :53:02.issue any longer and Harold Wilson who created the whole idea craftily
:53:03. > :53:07.as he did everything used it to wallop everybody over the head and
:53:08. > :53:13.beat them he hoped into silence, didn't actually work. Referendums
:53:14. > :53:17.never work, as far as I can see. But it stayed for, you know, 40-odd
:53:18. > :53:23.years. But it was a different world. It was a nicer world. People
:53:24. > :53:30.believed what journalists said. They believed what politicians said.
:53:31. > :53:35.Immigration didn't come into it. 41,000 people left Britain in 1975
:53:36. > :53:39.than they came here. We have touched on internal issues, Ireland just now
:53:40. > :53:43.and Scotland before. What about our place in the world, to what extent
:53:44. > :53:49.is the world looking at Britain in a different way tonight from how it
:53:50. > :53:54.was 24 hours ago? A lot of countries are really worried. Worried often
:53:55. > :54:00.for themselves. Germany and France have major reasons to be nervous
:54:01. > :54:06.about their own future, their own unity, who's going to govern them
:54:07. > :54:15.and so forth. Same with Spain, more so in some ways with Spain. America,
:54:16. > :54:20.nervous because this is the end of their 50-year concern to get Britain
:54:21. > :54:26.into Europe. So they got all their allies in one basket. Suddenly one's
:54:27. > :54:31.jumped. That's not going to be played well in Washington. We still
:54:32. > :54:34.have some of the basic strengths. We still have our seat on the Security
:54:35. > :54:42.Council and we will keep it. We are still in NATO. But, there is a
:54:43. > :54:45.difference now in that there is no longer groups of countries coming
:54:46. > :54:46.together starting, starting to be just the opposite. Thank you very
:54:47. > :54:48.much. Well, this campaign has surely given
:54:49. > :54:50.cartoonist Gerald Scarfe some of the finest material
:54:51. > :54:58.ever for inspiration. How have you been getting on? This
:54:59. > :55:04.is the Farage one you saw earlier with Cameron in the beer glass and
:55:05. > :55:10.he is saying bottoms up. Farage, of course, was working on immigration.
:55:11. > :55:17.This one is called Fear of Turkey. A huge grin on his face constantly. Is
:55:18. > :55:25.it a grin or grimace? He has seen them all off. Cameron called Ukip
:55:26. > :55:31.fruitcakes. It's all gone pear-shaped here. Still with a
:55:32. > :55:35.smile, though. A worried smile, yes. Still trying, poor guy. This is the
:55:36. > :55:41.falling pound. Presumably they'll befalling out the window here. There
:55:42. > :55:45.is one now. We shouldn't laugh. People are getting anxious.
:55:46. > :55:57.Theresa May or may not. And Boris, of course. Yes, he is there. There!
:55:58. > :56:00.I always draw Boris as a clown. He has told us all along he is a clown.
:56:01. > :56:10.He will have the last laugh? Who knows? Looks like it, although the
:56:11. > :56:11.last one, now Humpty has to put it all together again. Thank you very
:56:12. > :56:13.much. That's all for this
:56:14. > :56:14.special programme - and there's another special
:56:15. > :56:16.programme coming up - Question Time this Sunday
:56:17. > :56:18.at 10.35pm in Birmingham. If you want to be in the audience
:56:19. > :56:22.please go to the website - Few who voted yesterday believed
:56:23. > :56:25.this day would come. Few whose job it is to see
:56:26. > :56:29.into the future predicted it. This, though, is a day
:56:30. > :56:32.from where there can be no turning back, a day which has
:56:33. > :56:34.changed the country. We'll be living with
:56:35. > :56:47.the consequences for years to come. Hello, I'm Sangita Myska
:56:48. > :57:16.with your 90 second update. The UK has voted to leave
:57:17. > :57:21.the European Union.