:00:34. > :00:44.Tired, jaded, under the weather? Let Dr Martin help you. I prescribe
:00:44. > :00:52.
:00:52. > :00:58.a dose of war, neat, uncluttered We have got level-headed Joe, our
:00:58. > :01:08.producer. You can get in contact with her right now. We have got a
:01:08. > :01:18.fabulous audience. And we have got a friend or a Autumnwatch Unsprung,
:01:18. > :01:22.
:01:22. > :01:32.Maya Plass. What on earth was that music, made? It was a disaster!
:01:32. > :01:37.
:01:37. > :01:47.We have got to apologise. Why is it always made it has to apologise.
:01:47. > :01:47.
:01:48. > :01:53.Last week, I made a mistake. Well, I didn't, who was it? We said that
:01:53. > :01:58.a wild boar could produce 100 piglets in her lifetime. But
:01:58. > :02:05.apparently that is complete rubbish. In fact, she can produce between 20
:02:05. > :02:10.and 36. Another thing we did do last week was to throw out to the
:02:10. > :02:20.audience an invitation to tell us what you think about the wild boar
:02:20. > :02:22.
:02:22. > :02:26.controversy. We showed a film of They are an animal that would at
:02:27. > :02:33.some stage need management because they are at the top of the food
:02:33. > :02:40.chain. Martin, what you think? have lost the piece of paper it is
:02:40. > :02:48.written on. We had very emotional responses, as you would expect, and
:02:48. > :02:51.some responses from abroad. Berlin, wild boar have moved right
:02:51. > :02:57.into the heart of the city, and I have seen photographs of people
:02:57. > :03:07.waiting at a bus-stop with the animals routine over the Virgin
:03:07. > :03:10.
:03:10. > :03:15.front of them. Are you serious? they live alongside them. Last week
:03:16. > :03:25.we had Caspar. He is the albino squirrel. Let's have another look
:03:25. > :03:35.at him. No, we don't have that. It is all going tremendously well,
:03:35. > :03:40.
:03:40. > :03:44.isn't it? Oh, here he comes. Their ears. That has motivated you, the
:03:44. > :03:54.audience, to send in all sorts of albino animals. Have a look at
:03:54. > :04:03.
:04:03. > :04:07.Oh, no, they are the badgers. This is from Martyn and Sue Wisbey. Here
:04:07. > :04:16.is a blackbird with a white head from Roger Brown. And perhaps most
:04:17. > :04:21.curious of all, and meadow brown, but it is white.
:04:21. > :04:29.One of the theories is that this is the result of a parasite that has
:04:29. > :04:37.got into the developing larvae of the butterfly. Where are becoming
:04:37. > :04:42.surrounded! They are ganging up on us. During the pupa stage, that is
:04:43. > :04:50.when the butterfly's colours are being put into the wings. They have
:04:50. > :04:55.little scales, and the blood is pumped through these, and it
:04:56. > :05:01.carries the pigment. After all of the raid is gone, it fills up those
:05:01. > :05:08.it is meant to, and they seal. Through the process, each of these
:05:08. > :05:13.things are filled. They dry out and fold into the scales we see on the
:05:13. > :05:18.butterfly. One idea for these aberrations is that while this is
:05:18. > :05:24.in progress during metamorphoses, a parasite has disrupted the
:05:24. > :05:32.distribution of pigment into these little sacks that become cells. It
:05:32. > :05:38.is still symmetrical, you say. it looked healthy. Yes, but it was
:05:38. > :05:45.sticking out like a sore thumb. The meadow brown is Brown for a reason.
:05:45. > :05:52.What about the White Badger's? think those weren't albino badgers.
:05:52. > :05:57.Albino badgers are actually very very rare. I think they are
:05:57. > :06:02.actually arithmetic. That is an animal with a reduced amount of
:06:02. > :06:10.melanin in its skin. You could see the strides if you look carefully.
:06:10. > :06:20.And we had a lot of pictures of white animals sent to us. You know
:06:20. > :06:20.
:06:20. > :06:29.how we have... De you have more to say? No, I am waiting for you!
:06:29. > :06:35.always have a live animal and the studio - well, today, we have 50.
:06:35. > :06:41.We have a rock pool. Hannah is from the National Marine aquarium in
:06:42. > :06:49.Plymouth. This is fabulous. Have we really got 50 creatures in there?
:06:49. > :06:54.think it might be even more than that. This is a pretty unusual rock
:06:55. > :07:01.pool. This is something you wouldn't see in every rock pool.
:07:01. > :07:07.And this is all stuff we can see in this country? Absolutely. We will
:07:07. > :07:13.have a closer look at what is in here, and we are very much looking
:07:13. > :07:22.forward to it. You might have your own quiz, but we will have a quiz
:07:22. > :07:28.for you. We like this one. This week, are quizzes in the form of a
:07:28. > :07:38.map. We want you to identify which creatures use these pathways to
:07:38. > :07:43.
:07:43. > :07:48.migrate. Creature any moves from the extreme north down to the UK.
:07:48. > :07:54.This one here moves around the seas of the UK, but then goes to the
:07:54. > :08:00.Atlantic Ocean. The last one goes in the reverse direction, starts
:08:00. > :08:07.around the Caribbean, goes across to West Africa and then comes up
:08:07. > :08:11.into the waters around the UK. And lastly this one, it originates
:08:11. > :08:15.around the UK and then his travelling down around the coast of
:08:15. > :08:25.Europe and West Africa and then diverting right across here to
:08:25. > :08:37.
:08:37. > :08:43.South America off the coast of Send your answers in. This is quite
:08:43. > :08:53.a difficult one. I will be surprised if everyone gets this.
:08:53. > :09:00.The last one is tricky. Has anyone got it yet? Give us some questions,
:09:00. > :09:04.Michaela. This is a sweet question, handwritten on a piece of paper.
:09:04. > :09:13.This is Finley Whales, we're doing this first because he might have to
:09:13. > :09:21.go to bed soon. He sent us this: Why do some of my acorns look like
:09:21. > :09:31.this? My six-year-old asked me the same thing the other day when we
:09:31. > :09:32.
:09:32. > :09:42.went for a walk. I would say that that is caused by a wasp. Thank
:09:42. > :09:44.
:09:44. > :09:48.goodness for your son! This is where a wasp aid has been laid
:09:48. > :09:54.inside, and the egg and the La they modify the plant tissue to make it
:09:54. > :10:02.more a double and at the same time to make it grow so that it better
:10:03. > :10:08.protect them. These wasps are, and they lay their eggs into all sorts
:10:08. > :10:13.of plant material. Sometimes there can be so many of them that
:10:13. > :10:19.virtually every acorn on the tree has been turned into one of these.
:10:19. > :10:24.How many little Wasps would be in there? Normally just one, although
:10:24. > :10:34.in some instances, maybe more. It looks like to have grown either
:10:34. > :10:35.
:10:35. > :10:44.side of the Acorn. -- two have grown. This was a fabulous question
:10:44. > :10:50.from a nine-year-old, so thank you Now, we have some people who will
:10:50. > :11:00.ask us questions on the video. We have got the group of the week from
:11:00. > :11:10.
:11:10. > :11:18.the Cotswolds, who will personally Can you think of an ass question?
:11:18. > :11:25.We other keepers at the Cotswold Wildlife Park. My Name is Hanna.
:11:25. > :11:31.Where on a moth is the Johnston's organ found, and what is it for?
:11:31. > :11:37.am Chris, and my question is when does an invasive species have
:11:37. > :11:43.become classified as a native species. I was going to do my David
:11:43. > :11:53.Attenborough voice, but I don't think I will. With tawny owls,
:11:53. > :12:00.
:12:00. > :12:06.which one says twit and which once I have those questions here. What
:12:06. > :12:16.is the Johnston's organ, and where is it on a moth? Isn't it on any?
:12:16. > :12:19.
:12:19. > :12:29.On their lead? Oh, you will know, Chris. I think it is on the antenna.
:12:29. > :12:30.
:12:30. > :12:36.It orientate them, like our inner ear. It is for balance. I think it
:12:36. > :12:43.is a balance organ. But there is something else on the leg. I think
:12:43. > :12:53.it is to do with sense of smell. You are thinking of the Jacobson
:12:53. > :12:54.
:12:54. > :13:01.has organ in the roof of a snake. am! From Chris, when does an
:13:01. > :13:08.invasive species become a native one. This is so difficult. Everyone
:13:08. > :13:16.loves little owls. There is a perfect example, invasive species.
:13:16. > :13:20.Grey squirrels. There was a white one on the screen a moment ago.
:13:20. > :13:27.That is an adaptive evolutionary step, if they all became white we
:13:27. > :13:37.would love them! Horse chestnut is an invasive species, and we love
:13:37. > :13:41.them. You're avoiding answering the question. We normally sane native
:13:41. > :13:47.when the land bridge between the UK and Europe closed, because that was
:13:47. > :13:53.the last point at which mammals could crossover so most of the
:13:53. > :14:01.purists use that. But harvest mice, brown hares, in fact 48% of our
:14:01. > :14:07.terrestrial mammals, if you use that as the native., are not native.
:14:08. > :14:17.Where have you suddenly pulled that fact from? It is incredible. From
:14:18. > :14:24.
:14:24. > :14:29.Debbie, tawny owls, which one does twit? And which one says whom?
:14:29. > :14:38.think it is the males and the females. Yes, it is a duet, and
:14:38. > :14:48.they do it so quickly, you think it is one of bird, but it is two.
:14:48. > :15:00.
:15:00. > :15:08.That explains the coat! She was kept away as they are sorting out
:15:08. > :15:13.their territories. We are going to test you now, aren't we? Is Mia
:15:13. > :15:18.there? Here she comes. A couple of boring
:15:18. > :15:24.ied ems for you there. -- items for you there. These are
:15:24. > :15:30.my boring items. These two here. You are looking distracted already!
:15:30. > :15:37.These are the boring ones, you see. We are looking at the creatures
:15:37. > :15:45.which have made these holes. There is an animal which bores into
:15:45. > :15:49.wood. When I have seen pidit holes they are a nuisance. They bore into
:15:49. > :15:57.them. It will be something like that.
:15:57. > :16:04.Similar. You are close. It is a ship-worm. It is not a worm. It is
:16:04. > :16:08.actually a type of shell that goes in and uses its foot to attach
:16:08. > :16:18.itself and make all those holes. Presumably in the past that did
:16:18. > :16:18.
:16:18. > :16:23.damage to wooden ships. That is why they used to put cooper plates
:16:23. > :16:30.under ships. They would do that to stop these things from eating all
:16:30. > :16:40.the wood. So.... Almost got you on that one.
:16:40. > :16:45.
:16:45. > :16:51.This is another boring animal. not a dog well. That would be one
:16:51. > :17:00.hole. This is a boring sponge. You can dissolve it into a mineral acid,
:17:00. > :17:07.which will leave the little bits that are used to make the holes.
:17:07. > :17:11.You can find them left over in acid and put them under a microscope.
:17:11. > :17:19.You think of them as filtering animals. This is an especially
:17:19. > :17:27.interesting one. May I guess at this one? You can.
:17:27. > :17:35.This is an arris tottal's lat tern. It is the mouth part of an octopus.
:17:35. > :17:38.Sea our chin. -- urchin.
:17:39. > :17:47.That would have been inside. That is the right side. That is the
:17:47. > :17:55.mouth area and that is the bottom. So, this is, this dental apparatus
:17:55. > :18:05.sits inside. If you are lucky and go to an aquarium you may see them.
:18:05. > :18:05.
:18:05. > :18:11.They scrape the algae off. It is an amazing piece of dental apparatus.
:18:11. > :18:21.I was sorry for our chins. That hole in the top there is its bottom.
:18:21. > :18:22.
:18:22. > :18:31.I just want you to imagine what The last one here. When you hold it
:18:31. > :18:37.you are never supposed to make a mistake. Is that an old wife's
:18:37. > :18:44.tale? That is symmetrical. Do you know what it is, Martin?
:18:44. > :18:54.it a tooth. A grinding tooth of a ray. I think it's a grinding tooth
:18:54. > :18:55.
:18:55. > :19:04.of a ray or a skaet. I would have said a -- skate.
:19:04. > :19:12.It is a grinding tooth of something. You are close. It is the throat
:19:12. > :19:16.teeth. It is something which the fishermen would have used as a good
:19:16. > :19:21.luck talisman. Sometimes they are silver-coated. So it is the teeth
:19:21. > :19:26.in the middle there. What do they use them for?
:19:27. > :19:32.It has been a pleasure. I have learnt things. That is what it's
:19:32. > :19:36.all about. How could you possibly know that answer? The answer to
:19:36. > :19:43.that? You need to come with me now. We need to go to our live animals
:19:43. > :19:48.in the rock pool. Sorry, audience. We are moving you around a bit.
:19:48. > :19:52.Show me something fascinating. is hard to pick anything out. This,
:19:52. > :19:58.you might well recognise as one of these, it is a mermaid's purse.
:19:59. > :20:04.Here you can see, if I shine the light. You can see something moving.
:20:04. > :20:11.That is fantastic. Inside, like a chicken egg, you have the yolk at
:20:11. > :20:16.the bottom. You can see this, they used to be dog fish, now they are
:20:16. > :20:22.cat sharks. You can see it wriggling around. I have seen lots
:20:22. > :20:29.like this. It is unusual to see them like this. What about this?
:20:29. > :20:34.That is a snake lock. You can see around the coast of Britain. These
:20:34. > :20:38.are great to see. One thing about rock pooling is you can use all
:20:38. > :20:47.your senses. When you touch it feels sticky. That is firing
:20:47. > :20:53.stinging cells at you. Trying to catch you and pulling you into its
:20:53. > :20:57.mouth. It uses its mouth as its bottom and releases sperm and eggs
:20:57. > :21:02.from there as well. Imagine if we did that!
:21:02. > :21:06.What a horrible thought! We have shrimps and prawns here and crabs.
:21:06. > :21:14.That is always a great one to get children to do, is find as many
:21:14. > :21:22.different species of crabs. We have her mit crabs in here. We have one
:21:22. > :21:27.isolated crab in there. Why is she in there? She is nasty. These are
:21:27. > :21:33.called the devil crab. They have bright red eyes. If I were to put
:21:33. > :21:40.my hand in there, she would put her claws up and try and get me.
:21:40. > :21:47.Where is the best place to take your kids to do this rockpooling?
:21:47. > :21:52.The beach, more than the woodland! Surprisingly. There r there any top
:21:52. > :21:59.spots? You want somewhere with a rocky sub strait to it and ask
:21:59. > :22:05.locally. Make sure you get a spring tide. When the moon is full or new
:22:05. > :22:09.you will see the most species. are not supposed to use a net.
:22:09. > :22:15.advise not to. If you are digging around with a net it is destructive.
:22:15. > :22:19.If you are digging around with your hands and a bucket to examine
:22:19. > :22:25.things and then put them back where you found them is better than using
:22:25. > :22:29.a net. It is good, to keep your kids interested to take an
:22:29. > :22:35.identification kit so they know what they are looking at.
:22:35. > :22:39.Get them to take a notebook to do drawings and identify them when
:22:40. > :22:45.they get home and look before you go out so you can help identify
:22:45. > :22:50.them together. It is an amazing thing to get ure kids to do. Our
:22:50. > :22:56.big kids will do it, as in Chris and Martin. They are going
:22:56. > :23:00.rockpooling next week. We are. If you are out and about
:23:00. > :23:06.rockpooling, send us your photos. We would love to see them. A live
:23:06. > :23:11.rock pool in the studio. What will we have next week, I wonder!
:23:11. > :23:18.There's a rockpooling guide on the web if you log on to it in fact. We
:23:18. > :23:23.must answer the quiz questions. Jo, did anyone get it right? A few
:23:23. > :23:29.people did. My favourite answer was from Luke. He thought A, it could
:23:29. > :23:34.be Santa Claus. Shall we ask the audience? What do
:23:34. > :23:38.you think A was? It is moving to the north of England and Scotland.
:23:38. > :23:45.Any answer? Geese.
:23:45. > :23:48.Barnacle geese. Ba creature to and from a
:23:48. > :23:54.mysterious place in the Atlantic here. It is in the water, quite
:23:54. > :23:59.clearly. Eels. That is correct.
:23:59. > :24:09.C, is a creature move from the Caribbean area and coming up into
:24:09. > :24:11.
:24:11. > :24:18.the cooler waters of Europe. This was the tricky one. Anyone here?
:24:18. > :24:24.Turtles. Who said that? It's a leatherback turtle. The last one is
:24:24. > :24:28.a bird which is move from here, around the UK, it's going down the
:24:28. > :24:33.coast of Africa and to Argentina. It is the one and only?
:24:33. > :24:39.Storm petrol. Close.
:24:39. > :24:47.It's the Manx shearwater. Who got it right? Let's
:24:47. > :24:54.Good going. Round of applause for them.
:24:54. > :25:00.That was tricky, wasn't it? Are we doing marine questions next? We can
:25:00. > :25:07.give these to you. Question one, do you want to do that, tree sparrow.
:25:07. > :25:12.Have you any idea what this marine skull is? It looks like a beak of
:25:12. > :25:15.some sort and found on a beach in Northumberland earlier this year.
:25:15. > :25:25.You have a ruler there to show you the scale.
:25:25. > :25:26.
:25:26. > :25:31.It is a bird. Looks like the ster number. The -- sternum.
:25:31. > :25:38.If If you flicked it up you would recognise it. It looks like that of
:25:38. > :25:43.a large bird, a goes or a gar net, something like that.
:25:43. > :25:48.The one got in touch via Facebook. "I didn't realise about the amount
:25:48. > :25:54.of jellyfish we have around the UK. How many are there? What is the
:25:54. > :26:01.most dangerous domestic one and any nasty visitors?" We had one nasty
:26:01. > :26:07.one, the Portuguese man-of-war. It is not a jellyfish. We have a
:26:07. > :26:17.picture of it. Bring it on. Look at that!
:26:17. > :26:18.
:26:18. > :26:22.So, that is a one. One is the stinging bit and one is the
:26:22. > :26:26.digesting bit. It is confusing. It is strange. It
:26:26. > :26:36.is not quite a jellyfish. This sting is nasty. It is beautiful. I
:26:36. > :26:38.
:26:38. > :26:46.had one in a tank one. The tentals go down and spring back up. A woman
:26:46. > :26:51.keeping a man-of-war. My daughter had it in a bucket swinging besides
:26:51. > :26:57.her. This is a massive jellyfish here.
:26:57. > :27:03.These are moon jellyfish. This is a smack of jellyfish.
:27:03. > :27:09.That's brilliant. If you get stung by them it feels
:27:09. > :27:15.like you are being smacked. They congregate. The males and females
:27:15. > :27:20.have to be together. Do we have more questions? Shall we
:27:20. > :27:27.find out what's going on this weekend? Jo, can you tell us....
:27:27. > :27:32.I'll go over to the map. Tell us what people can join in with.
:27:32. > :27:41.open weekend at near Scunthorpe. No need to book. People can turn up.
:27:41. > :27:51.On Sunday, you have to get up early. 8.30am, a guided migration walk at
:27:51. > :27:52.
:27:53. > :27:57.Gibbs Point near -- at gibbral ta Point near stegness.
:27:57. > :28:03.It really is, as I said earlier, if you want to see the stall mon
:28:03. > :28:08.migration, a great time to see it and the bird migration. It will be
:28:08. > :28:16.a great Saturday for migrating birds. Get out and about.
:28:16. > :28:20.I have found this question. Positive. This is from T, wild boar
:28:20. > :28:24.and I would love to see them introduced in all protected forests.
:28:24. > :28:29.In a world we are losing so many wild animals we should embrace the
:28:29. > :28:34.ones we have. Roy, on the other side said wild boar need to be
:28:34. > :28:39.controlled or we'll have the same problem they have in Scotland with
:28:40. > :28:44.the dear population. A hot debate - - deer population. A hot debate.
:28:44. > :28:49.is a creature we've got to learn to live with. I would like to see boar
:28:49. > :28:54.and the predators back. We'll be back next week.