0:00:27 > 0:00:29Dartmoor, Devon.
0:00:29 > 0:00:32A carpet of colour as far as the eye can see.
0:00:33 > 0:00:36A landscape of stark wilderness and beauty.
0:00:38 > 0:00:41It is stunning, this sweeping moorland,
0:00:41 > 0:00:46but it can also be inhospitable, and during World War II
0:00:46 > 0:00:50Dartmoor was the site of several tragic plane crashes.
0:00:50 > 0:00:52Because of that, this rugged earth
0:00:52 > 0:00:55holds the key to many unanswered questions.
0:00:57 > 0:01:00Anita will be discovering how the Devon countryside
0:01:00 > 0:01:03is helping to shape lives.
0:01:03 > 0:01:07LandWorks is a project that tackles the issue of criminals reoffending.
0:01:07 > 0:01:10It supports them as they try and break out of the vicious cycle
0:01:10 > 0:01:13and take their first steps towards getting work.
0:01:15 > 0:01:17Charlotte's across the border in Cornwall.
0:01:19 > 0:01:21Many people dream of owning a second home
0:01:21 > 0:01:24in the countryside or by the sea,
0:01:24 > 0:01:28but are these weekend retreats doing more harm than good?
0:01:28 > 0:01:29I'll be investigating.
0:01:32 > 0:01:34And Countryfile is now home to the legendary
0:01:34 > 0:01:37One Man And His Dog sheepdog trials,
0:01:37 > 0:01:38so Helen and Shauna are meeting
0:01:38 > 0:01:42the English and Irish teams hoping they'll be top dog.
0:01:43 > 0:01:45You going to be cheering him on all the way?
0:01:45 > 0:01:47OK, that's a good idea,
0:01:47 > 0:01:50but I'm going to do it right now. Go, Daddy!
0:01:58 > 0:02:00Nestled in Britain's south-west corner
0:02:00 > 0:02:04sits one of our most beautiful national parks.
0:02:04 > 0:02:08The granite which forms the uplands here dates back millions of years.
0:02:11 > 0:02:14We're on Dartmoor, South Devon,
0:02:14 > 0:02:16a purple heather-clad moor
0:02:16 > 0:02:20of wide open landscapes and obscure granite tors.
0:02:22 > 0:02:25There's one piece of granite that I am very keen to see,
0:02:25 > 0:02:27and I think it's just up here.
0:02:29 > 0:02:33Late in the evening of March 21st, 1941,
0:02:33 > 0:02:37a bomber took off from RAF Scampton in Lincolnshire
0:02:37 > 0:02:40to attack German U-boat pens in Lorient in France.
0:02:40 > 0:02:43On its way back, it crashed on Dartmoor.
0:02:47 > 0:02:49Looming large on the moor,
0:02:49 > 0:02:53high on the slopes of a whale back-shaped landscape,
0:02:53 > 0:02:57sits a granite memorial marking the spot where that plane came down.
0:02:59 > 0:03:01Well, this is definitely it.
0:03:01 > 0:03:04All these letters, look, carved into the stone.
0:03:04 > 0:03:08RAF, I'm assuming Squadron 49,
0:03:08 > 0:03:11and then the initials of those that died.
0:03:14 > 0:03:16But this isn't the only crash site.
0:03:16 > 0:03:20During World War II, Dartmoor was surrounded by airfields
0:03:20 > 0:03:22and more than 20 planes met their end here.
0:03:23 > 0:03:27But exactly who were the four men on board this aircraft?
0:03:27 > 0:03:29And why did it crash?
0:03:29 > 0:03:32I found the perfect person to help unravel the mystery -
0:03:32 > 0:03:35Former RAF policeman Jon Lowe.
0:03:36 > 0:03:41When and how did your connection with this stone start, John?
0:03:41 > 0:03:43Purely by accident.
0:03:43 > 0:03:45I'd come for a walk on the moor,
0:03:45 > 0:03:49found the stone as part of a navigation exercise,
0:03:49 > 0:03:52and then, as I turned away and went back down the slope,
0:03:52 > 0:03:58something was compelling me to find out who and what had happened here.
0:04:00 > 0:04:04It was a Hampden, one of the early bombers of the Second World War,
0:04:04 > 0:04:07but the staggering thing was the size -
0:04:07 > 0:04:09skin to skin on the cockpit.
0:04:11 > 0:04:14The internal width in which those men were working was that wide,
0:04:14 > 0:04:17and when you place that against your shoulders,
0:04:17 > 0:04:21- you'll see that there's hardly any spare capacity at all.- Yeah.
0:04:21 > 0:04:24It was very, very tight and claustrophobic within there.
0:04:24 > 0:04:26And you think of all the stuff that was around them,
0:04:26 > 0:04:29- and even the gear they were wearing.- Yeah.
0:04:29 > 0:04:31How old were they?
0:04:31 > 0:04:34The pilot was 25, the youngest was 22.
0:04:34 > 0:04:38The second pilot, Ellis, was 23, and Brames,
0:04:38 > 0:04:42who that night was acting as a wireless operator, he was also 23.
0:04:44 > 0:04:48The boys were becoming more than just a set of initials.
0:04:48 > 0:04:50There was the pilot, Robert Wilson,
0:04:50 > 0:04:53wireless operator Charles Lyon,
0:04:53 > 0:04:55gunner Ronald Brames,
0:04:55 > 0:04:57and navigator Richard Ellis.
0:04:58 > 0:05:01Although it wasn't difficult to find basic details
0:05:01 > 0:05:03relating to the four young crewmembers,
0:05:03 > 0:05:06finding anybody who knew anything else about them
0:05:06 > 0:05:08proved a whole lot harder.
0:05:08 > 0:05:11But John wasn't going to give up easily.
0:05:11 > 0:05:12After months,
0:05:12 > 0:05:15he received a breakthrough he'd been waiting for.
0:05:15 > 0:05:17The great niece of one of the crew
0:05:17 > 0:05:20came across John's work on the internet and got in touch.
0:05:22 > 0:05:24- Tanya, it is lovely to meet you. - You too.
0:05:24 > 0:05:27You had a relative, didn't you, that was on board,
0:05:27 > 0:05:29- part of the crew?- I did. - Who was he?
0:05:29 > 0:05:32He was called Richard Ellis, and he was my great uncle,
0:05:32 > 0:05:35and he was from South Africa.
0:05:35 > 0:05:37This document down here, I mean,
0:05:37 > 0:05:39it looks absolutely beautiful.
0:05:39 > 0:05:41Oh, it is. This is amazing.
0:05:41 > 0:05:44This was made by his mother just after he died.
0:05:44 > 0:05:47You can see it's all hand drawn on the front,
0:05:47 > 0:05:52and here is a photo of him probably taken within a year before he died.
0:05:52 > 0:05:54And then there's a letter here,
0:05:54 > 0:05:57which we found, all of us found quite emotional
0:05:57 > 0:05:59when we were looking through it, especially.
0:05:59 > 0:06:04And there's a quote here which is amazing, where he says,
0:06:04 > 0:06:06"Darlings, I have had a wonderful life
0:06:06 > 0:06:09"and if the worst should happen then please may I say here
0:06:09 > 0:06:12"how terribly grateful I am for the way you both have brought me up
0:06:12 > 0:06:14"and for all the wonderful times you have given me.
0:06:14 > 0:06:18"I have no regrets to look back on and only hope to look forward to."
0:06:18 > 0:06:21'But, just 18 months after this letter was written,
0:06:21 > 0:06:23'sadly, the worst did happen.'
0:06:25 > 0:06:28This is an official copy of the Air Ministry form
0:06:28 > 0:06:32which records the details of that crash.
0:06:32 > 0:06:36Now, originally, there were three killed and one injured,
0:06:36 > 0:06:40so what it tells us is when this form was initially raised,
0:06:40 > 0:06:41the pilot was still alive.
0:06:41 > 0:06:43And what happened to him?
0:06:43 > 0:06:46He was taken by ambulance to Moretonhampstead Hospital,
0:06:46 > 0:06:47where he was operated on.
0:06:47 > 0:06:51At three o'clock on the Saturday afternoon, his mother arrived
0:06:51 > 0:06:55and he actually passed away at around about 10 o'clock that evening
0:06:55 > 0:06:56with his family by his bedside.
0:06:56 > 0:07:01And did his mum have something to do with this stone, then?
0:07:01 > 0:07:05She came here on the Tuesday morning in a howling gale
0:07:05 > 0:07:08and pouring rain, and she stood by the cockpit,
0:07:08 > 0:07:10and the words that she used are,
0:07:10 > 0:07:12"I settled to have a stone gatepost
0:07:12 > 0:07:15"placed where the cockpit finished.
0:07:15 > 0:07:19"And I want the initials and a simple cross of our boys."
0:07:25 > 0:07:28Evidence suggests the bomber crashed on its way back
0:07:28 > 0:07:32from its mission after the boys lost radio contact with base.
0:07:35 > 0:07:39They were coming up from Widecombe, which is just below the horizon.
0:07:39 > 0:07:43The cloud base was on the floor, so they couldn't see anything.
0:07:43 > 0:07:45It was 11 o'clock at night.
0:07:45 > 0:07:50And they impacted the slope here at around about 1,500 feet.
0:07:53 > 0:07:54Death was instantaneous.
0:07:57 > 0:08:02Travelling at around 180mph, the impact of the crash was massive.
0:08:04 > 0:08:06Later, I'll be joining scientists
0:08:06 > 0:08:09as they uncover the scars left on the landscape.
0:08:11 > 0:08:14Well, while we're exploring Devon,
0:08:14 > 0:08:17Charlotte is just over the border in Cornwall
0:08:17 > 0:08:19looking at the impact of second homes.
0:08:26 > 0:08:31An Englishman's home is his castle, or so the saying goes.
0:08:31 > 0:08:34And, if you can afford it, splashing out on a second one
0:08:34 > 0:08:37to use for holidays gives you the best of both worlds -
0:08:37 > 0:08:40a permanent residence and a house in the country
0:08:40 > 0:08:43or bolt hole by the sea to use...
0:08:43 > 0:08:45whenever you like.
0:08:49 > 0:08:53Whether the appeal is quality of life, a second income or both,
0:08:53 > 0:08:57it's an idea that many Britons have bought into.
0:08:57 > 0:09:01More than 1.5 million of us now have a second home in the UK.
0:09:03 > 0:09:05And the number one choice of where to have one?
0:09:05 > 0:09:08You guessed it, Cornwall.
0:09:10 > 0:09:12It's not surprising, is it?
0:09:12 > 0:09:15Stunning coastline, picture postcard villages.
0:09:17 > 0:09:19But now, in some of the most sought-after
0:09:19 > 0:09:24of Cornish coastal resorts, two in every five houses are second homes.
0:09:26 > 0:09:30And, while their owners have clearly fallen in love with Cornwall,
0:09:30 > 0:09:32the feeling's not always mutual.
0:09:34 > 0:09:38- Hiya.- Patrick. Hello, I'm Charlotte. - Hello, Charlotte, come on in.
0:09:38 > 0:09:41'Patrick, his wife, Becky, and their three children
0:09:41 > 0:09:45'live in the seaside town of Padstow on Cornwall's north coast.'
0:09:45 > 0:09:46Hi.
0:09:46 > 0:09:49'Their families have lived here for hundreds of years,
0:09:49 > 0:09:50'but things are changing.'
0:09:50 > 0:09:53We've got a massive influx of second homes in Padstow,
0:09:53 > 0:09:57and that second home, through no fault of their own,
0:09:57 > 0:09:59is decimating the local communities within Cornwall.
0:10:02 > 0:10:04'Despite both having jobs in the area,
0:10:04 > 0:10:07'Patrick and Becky live in social housing,
0:10:07 > 0:10:09cos they can't afford to buy a house in Padstow.'
0:10:11 > 0:10:13It's the dark side of tourism.
0:10:13 > 0:10:16People come to Padstow, they fall in love with the place,
0:10:16 > 0:10:18they want to buy a house here at all costs
0:10:18 > 0:10:21and that's pushing the prices of houses up and up,
0:10:21 > 0:10:24to the point where we've pretty much got absolutely no chance
0:10:24 > 0:10:28of buying a house in Padstow, ever, realistically.
0:10:28 > 0:10:30What impact does it have on you, Becky?
0:10:30 > 0:10:34I was made homeless about eight years ago.
0:10:34 > 0:10:36I was always private rented,
0:10:36 > 0:10:40and the house I was renting got sold.
0:10:40 > 0:10:45You used to be able to find private rent quite easy to come by,
0:10:45 > 0:10:47but now because of all the houses,
0:10:47 > 0:10:51there's more money to be made, I think, in holiday letting,
0:10:51 > 0:10:55and it's very hard to find a private let now in Padstow.
0:10:56 > 0:10:58We were put in bed and breakfast by the council
0:10:58 > 0:11:01for I think it was about six weeks,
0:11:01 > 0:11:04then we got put in temporary accommodation in Wadebridge.
0:11:04 > 0:11:06It must have been really stressful, though,
0:11:06 > 0:11:10with two young children at that point, to have nowhere to call home.
0:11:10 > 0:11:14Yeah, it was awful. It was really traumatic.
0:11:14 > 0:11:17I wouldn't wish it on anybody, it was just horrible.
0:11:19 > 0:11:21Padstow is now the country's
0:11:21 > 0:11:24fourth most expensive place to live by the sea.
0:11:24 > 0:11:27The average price of a house here?
0:11:27 > 0:11:32A cool £373,271 -
0:11:32 > 0:11:36well over £100,000 more than the national average.
0:11:36 > 0:11:38As a result, on average,
0:11:38 > 0:11:42a house in Padstow is 20 times the local annual salary.
0:11:42 > 0:11:44That's twice as much as in London.
0:11:46 > 0:11:49This is the biggest onion I have ever seen!
0:11:49 > 0:11:51The thing is, Patrick, you're really lucky to live here,
0:11:51 > 0:11:53in such a lovely place like Padstow,
0:11:53 > 0:11:56and you can't stop other people coming here, too, can you?
0:11:56 > 0:12:00No, you can't stop other people coming to Padstow, but, er...
0:12:00 > 0:12:01you can regulate it.
0:12:01 > 0:12:05I really just think that these massive influxes of people
0:12:05 > 0:12:07coming in the summer months, it's no good to anybody.
0:12:07 > 0:12:09It's not a stable economy for Cornwall.
0:12:09 > 0:12:11That's an economy built on sand.
0:12:11 > 0:12:12What about the children?
0:12:12 > 0:12:15What do you see for them in the future?
0:12:15 > 0:12:18I've got my fingers crossed that they will be able to find a job
0:12:18 > 0:12:21in Padstow and be able to earn enough money
0:12:21 > 0:12:23to buy a house here one day.
0:12:23 > 0:12:24There should be that opportunity for them
0:12:24 > 0:12:26but at the moment there just isn't.
0:12:31 > 0:12:33This isn't just about Cornwall.
0:12:33 > 0:12:35In many rural and coastal communities,
0:12:35 > 0:12:37from Yorkshire to the south coast,
0:12:37 > 0:12:40from the Cotswolds to the Western Isles,
0:12:40 > 0:12:43there are serious concerns about the impact of second homes.
0:12:46 > 0:12:48Take Coniston in the Lake District,
0:12:48 > 0:12:52where 35% of houses don't have permanent residents.
0:12:52 > 0:12:56Here they face many of the same problems as Cornwall.
0:12:56 > 0:12:57Villagers feel priced out and,
0:12:57 > 0:13:01with many homes lying empty for large parts of the year,
0:13:01 > 0:13:04the local primary school is now only half full.
0:13:08 > 0:13:09'But, for some people,
0:13:09 > 0:13:13'second homes play a vital role in supporting the rural economy.'
0:13:13 > 0:13:15What's their destiny?
0:13:15 > 0:13:19They are going into the store to be salted down for lobster bait.
0:13:19 > 0:13:22'Johnny Murt's family have been making a living
0:13:22 > 0:13:25'from fishing out of Padstow for four generations.'
0:13:26 > 0:13:29How important are the tourists to this business?
0:13:29 > 0:13:31Very important, certainly more important
0:13:31 > 0:13:33than they've ever been in the past.
0:13:33 > 0:13:36All the restaurants we have in Padstow now
0:13:36 > 0:13:37and in the surrounding area,
0:13:37 > 0:13:40it's become a bit of a Mecca for foodies
0:13:40 > 0:13:42and they want fresh fish and shellfish.
0:13:42 > 0:13:44So, what about the tourists who then like it so much
0:13:44 > 0:13:47they decide to buy here and they have second homes?
0:13:47 > 0:13:50How much is that a concern for you?
0:13:50 > 0:13:52It's not a huge concern for me, to be honest.
0:13:52 > 0:13:56I know lots of people in town do get very upset about it
0:13:56 > 0:13:58but, whichever side you're on,
0:13:58 > 0:14:00we do need the tourists and we do...
0:14:00 > 0:14:03You know, we need that money coming into Padstow
0:14:03 > 0:14:05keeping all the businesses alive.
0:14:05 > 0:14:09It used to be a six-week season, but now it's almost year-round.
0:14:09 > 0:14:11I mean, we've got a Christmas festival,
0:14:11 > 0:14:14we've got things going on throughout the year that seem
0:14:14 > 0:14:17to draw the tourists into Padstow, and everybody's got jobs.
0:14:17 > 0:14:20Everybody didn't used to have jobs in this town,
0:14:20 > 0:14:23and now there's a lot higher employment than there ever was.
0:14:25 > 0:14:28Across the countryside, where traditional industries
0:14:28 > 0:14:32like fishing are struggling, communities need tourism to survive.
0:14:34 > 0:14:38In Cornwall alone, it's an industry worth £1.8 billion.
0:14:38 > 0:14:44Across the UK, tourism brings in well over 100 billion every year.
0:14:44 > 0:14:47And, like them or not, second homes are part of that.
0:14:50 > 0:14:54But that means that in some of the UK's most charming villages
0:14:54 > 0:14:57nearly every other house belongs to someone
0:14:57 > 0:14:59who uses it as a second address.
0:14:59 > 0:15:03I do exaggerate sometimes, darling. It's a fault.
0:15:05 > 0:15:07'One of them belongs to Anne Lamb and her family,
0:15:07 > 0:15:10'who come to Cornwall in the summer holidays.'
0:15:10 > 0:15:14As you will be aware, there are now a lot of second homes in this area.
0:15:14 > 0:15:17Aren't you in danger of destroying that community
0:15:17 > 0:15:19because you're occupying a house
0:15:19 > 0:15:21- but you're not here? - I don't think so.
0:15:21 > 0:15:23I don't think so, because we employ people.
0:15:23 > 0:15:27We've employed people and taken them to London, given them other jobs.
0:15:27 > 0:15:29The whole thing rejuvenates itself.
0:15:29 > 0:15:33When we came, we said to each other, my husband and I,
0:15:33 > 0:15:37we will never buy a property in order to make a profit.
0:15:37 > 0:15:40We will buy it because we love the place and want to go on living here.
0:15:40 > 0:15:44I love the church, I love the music, I love the place.
0:15:44 > 0:15:47Everything that goes on here, I love.
0:15:47 > 0:15:49And I have no regrets about it at all,
0:15:49 > 0:15:51it's one of the happiest things in my life.
0:15:53 > 0:15:57Not everyone invests quite so much in the community as the Lamb family,
0:15:57 > 0:16:01yet there's no doubting the fact that second home owners
0:16:01 > 0:16:03do provide a welcome boost to the local economy.
0:16:05 > 0:16:07But, despite the obvious benefits to businesses,
0:16:07 > 0:16:10there are many locals who feel the advantages brought
0:16:10 > 0:16:14by second homes are simply not worth the sacrifices they have to make.
0:16:18 > 0:16:20For some, second homes cast a shadow
0:16:20 > 0:16:24over some of the most beautiful parts of the UK.
0:16:24 > 0:16:26Demand raises prices,
0:16:26 > 0:16:30and many who live and work there can't afford to stay.
0:16:30 > 0:16:33But others say without the money that second home owners bring,
0:16:33 > 0:16:36these local economies wouldn't survive.
0:16:37 > 0:16:41How important is this boat yard to the village?
0:16:41 > 0:16:43It's enormously important to the village.
0:16:43 > 0:16:46'Edwina Hannaford is the Cornwall councillor
0:16:46 > 0:16:49'responsible for Environment, Heritage and Planning.
0:16:49 > 0:16:52'I'm meeting her in the coastal parish of Lanteglos-by-Fowey,
0:16:52 > 0:16:56'where in parts of some villages half the houses are second homes.'
0:16:56 > 0:17:00Are there too many holiday homes here, do you think?
0:17:00 > 0:17:02If you haven't got a home and you can't afford to buy one,
0:17:02 > 0:17:07then, yes, the answer is yes. But there is another side to this.
0:17:07 > 0:17:11Those holiday homes, they employ an army of people -
0:17:11 > 0:17:14the plumbers, the caretakers, the gardeners.
0:17:14 > 0:17:18All those people rely on the business that comes their way.
0:17:18 > 0:17:22But there are 28,000 people on the housing register in Cornwall...
0:17:22 > 0:17:25- Waiting for housing? - ..Waiting for housing.
0:17:25 > 0:17:28I think it's starting to tip the wrong way now.
0:17:29 > 0:17:31'To try and control the problem,
0:17:31 > 0:17:35'Cornwall Council has scrapped the 10% council tax discount
0:17:35 > 0:17:39'on second homes and invested millions in more affordable housing.
0:17:39 > 0:17:43'But councils in affected areas can only do so much
0:17:43 > 0:17:45'without national legislation.'
0:17:45 > 0:17:48Is there more that central government should be doing?
0:17:48 > 0:17:51Well, we've already asked once through a motion
0:17:51 > 0:17:54through Cornwall Council for government
0:17:54 > 0:17:57to put a separate use class for second homes
0:17:57 > 0:17:59that would restrict the number,
0:17:59 > 0:18:01so they'd have to apply for planning permission
0:18:01 > 0:18:06if you change from a full-time occupancy to a second home.
0:18:06 > 0:18:10We were knocked back on that but we're trying again,
0:18:10 > 0:18:13and we're working with South Lakeland Council
0:18:13 > 0:18:15up in the Lake District,
0:18:15 > 0:18:18who have a very similar issue to places like Polruan.
0:18:20 > 0:18:23The councils in Cornwall and the South Lakes
0:18:23 > 0:18:26were hoping for a change in the law so people would have to get
0:18:26 > 0:18:29council permission to create a second home.
0:18:29 > 0:18:32But the MP supporting them has now withdrawn his bid
0:18:32 > 0:18:34to change the legislation.
0:18:34 > 0:18:37The Government itself has no plans to step in.
0:18:37 > 0:18:40The Housing Minister, Brandon Lewis, told us...
0:18:44 > 0:18:47Instead, he pointed to the number of affordable homes
0:18:47 > 0:18:49the Government's delivered.
0:18:52 > 0:18:56Who wouldn't want to live here, even if only for part of the year?
0:18:56 > 0:18:58For some locals, second homes are a bonus.
0:18:58 > 0:19:01For others, they're ruining the place.
0:19:01 > 0:19:04The challenge for local councils and for government
0:19:04 > 0:19:06is to find a way of keeping a balance.
0:19:14 > 0:19:18Countryfile is once again proud to play host to One Man And His Dog.
0:19:18 > 0:19:20Next week, we're going to be bringing together
0:19:20 > 0:19:23the best shepherding talent the British Isles has to offer
0:19:23 > 0:19:26as they battle it out to win this coveted trophy.
0:19:27 > 0:19:31So far, we've met our Scottish and Welsh competitors.
0:19:31 > 0:19:34This week, we're going to be meeting the English and Irish teams
0:19:34 > 0:19:39who believe they have what it takes to become the champions of 2014.
0:19:40 > 0:19:41First up, Helen's meeting
0:19:41 > 0:19:44the mesmerising duo representing England.
0:19:48 > 0:19:50In these parts, picturesque valleys
0:19:50 > 0:19:53and silent hills gently roll into the distance.
0:19:53 > 0:19:56This is Lancashire, in England's Northwest,
0:19:56 > 0:19:58a rural county full of rich grassland.
0:19:58 > 0:20:00It's perfect sheep farming territory.
0:20:02 > 0:20:06Which means you need someone to show them who's boss. Away.
0:20:07 > 0:20:09Class.
0:20:10 > 0:20:13This northern corner of Lancashire is home to both
0:20:13 > 0:20:17the senior and young pairings representing England.
0:20:17 > 0:20:20First up, I'm meeting the old hand brimming with experience,
0:20:20 > 0:20:22Richard Hutchinson and his dog, Sweep.
0:20:24 > 0:20:26HE WHISTLES
0:20:26 > 0:20:29Born and raised on the family farm in Littledale, Richard's
0:20:29 > 0:20:33ancestors have been working this land for five generations.
0:20:33 > 0:20:37'Today, he's managed to rope in yours truly as his little helper
0:20:37 > 0:20:39'to give his ewes some vitamins.'
0:20:39 > 0:20:40Yeah!
0:20:40 > 0:20:42- Oh, good girl. - That one liked it, actually.
0:20:42 > 0:20:44She did like it.
0:20:44 > 0:20:46'But when it comes to rounding them up, Richard needs
0:20:46 > 0:20:49'a companion with a little more finesse -
0:20:49 > 0:20:50'his loyal sheepdog, Sweep.'
0:20:51 > 0:20:55Tell me a bit about Sweep. What's he like as a dog?
0:20:55 > 0:20:56He's pretty reliable.
0:20:56 > 0:20:58He tries hard. He's got a big heart.
0:20:58 > 0:21:00That's probably his best attribute.
0:21:00 > 0:21:03- And how old is he? - He's six and a half.
0:21:03 > 0:21:05I bred him and a friend of mine had him as a puppy.
0:21:05 > 0:21:08and then I bought him off him when he was about a year old.
0:21:08 > 0:21:12- So, you bred him, got rid of him and bought him back?- Yes. Yes.
0:21:12 > 0:21:14You must have seen something you liked, then.
0:21:14 > 0:21:15Yeah, he was cheap!
0:21:15 > 0:21:18'Richard may be a joker,
0:21:18 > 0:21:21'but one thing he takes very seriously is trialling.'
0:21:21 > 0:21:25Having first appeared as a young handler in 2000,
0:21:25 > 0:21:28Richard became a regular face on One Man And His Dog,
0:21:28 > 0:21:33with a hat trick of appearances in 2009, 2010...
0:21:33 > 0:21:37Yeah, "In you go," he says. That way, that way, that's it.
0:21:37 > 0:21:38..and then 2011.
0:21:38 > 0:21:41So far, he's claimed a solid second,
0:21:41 > 0:21:43but the gold has eluded him.
0:21:44 > 0:21:47You're a bit of an old hand at this, then, aren't you?
0:21:47 > 0:21:50- How many times have you done One Man And His Dog?- Erm...
0:21:50 > 0:21:51This will be my fifth,
0:21:51 > 0:21:53and I still haven't won it, cos I'm not very good.
0:21:53 > 0:21:56- Oh, shut up!- Well, I still haven't. I still haven't.
0:21:56 > 0:21:58No, I've just been second a few times but, yeah.
0:21:58 > 0:22:00So, if you've been second a few times,
0:22:00 > 0:22:03does that make you kind of more determined to go for the top spot?
0:22:03 > 0:22:05I think I would be determined whatever, wouldn't I?
0:22:05 > 0:22:07But it would be really tough this year
0:22:07 > 0:22:10cos you've got Michael Shearer, Kevin Evans,
0:22:10 > 0:22:12who are two of the best five handlers in the world.
0:22:12 > 0:22:14And then James from Ireland -
0:22:14 > 0:22:16I've competed against him and he's a proper good handler.
0:22:16 > 0:22:19So I'm hoping I cause an upset but we'll see.
0:22:21 > 0:22:24And Richard has a fair idea how he will be judged,
0:22:24 > 0:22:27as when he's not competing in trials, he's helping set them up.
0:22:27 > 0:22:30A poacher-cum-gamekeeper, if you will.
0:22:30 > 0:22:32We run the trials ourselves.
0:22:32 > 0:22:34We help set up courses. There is a local one tomorrow.
0:22:34 > 0:22:37I think Alex Briggs, the young handler from England,
0:22:37 > 0:22:38I think he's going to be there as well.
0:22:38 > 0:22:41And, you know, we judge and we let the sheep out.
0:22:41 > 0:22:43Generally, it's the competitors that run the trials.
0:22:43 > 0:22:46When you're a judge, are you looking for certain things?
0:22:46 > 0:22:49- Cos it's a subjective opinion, to a degree, isn't it?- Yeah, it is.
0:22:49 > 0:22:53It is. And it's all an opinion, that's what the judgment is.
0:22:53 > 0:22:56You may disagree with the judge, and regularly people do,
0:22:56 > 0:22:58but it's just someone's opinion, at the end of the day.
0:22:58 > 0:23:00That sounds like the voice of experience!
0:23:00 > 0:23:02Oh, yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah.
0:23:02 > 0:23:06- Is Team England a force to be reckoned with?- I hope so.
0:23:06 > 0:23:08Tight-lipped. Poker face.
0:23:08 > 0:23:11It's the only one I've got. Unfortunately.
0:23:11 > 0:23:14The seasoned senior duo of Richard Hutchinson
0:23:14 > 0:23:16and Sweep is clearly one to watch.
0:23:16 > 0:23:18And to complete this year's England line-up,
0:23:18 > 0:23:21they are bolstered by having a local alliance.
0:23:25 > 0:23:28'And to meet the pairing of young handler and dog
0:23:28 > 0:23:32'that completes Team England, I don't need to travel very far.
0:23:32 > 0:23:36'That's because, this year, Team England are relative neighbours.
0:23:36 > 0:23:39'Living just ten miles down the road in Wennington, Lancashire
0:23:39 > 0:23:43'are 15-year-old Alex Briggs and his trusty sheepdog Rio.'
0:23:46 > 0:23:47ENGINE STARTS
0:23:55 > 0:23:56Hello.
0:23:58 > 0:24:01- Hello.- I can see Rio's already itching to get going.
0:24:01 > 0:24:03- How old is he?- Two in May.
0:24:03 > 0:24:06That's quite young, isn't it, to take him into a competition?
0:24:06 > 0:24:08It is, but I've got a lot of faith in him,
0:24:08 > 0:24:10and hopefully he'll do me justice.
0:24:10 > 0:24:13Why did you decide to put the faith in Rio, then?
0:24:13 > 0:24:17He's just always raring to go, and what you want to do,
0:24:17 > 0:24:20he's already clicked on to what you want him to do before you...
0:24:20 > 0:24:22before you've actually done it.
0:24:22 > 0:24:25So how much competing has he done?
0:24:25 > 0:24:27I think I've been to one trial.
0:24:27 > 0:24:31So it's a bit of a risk, but I'll give it a go.
0:24:32 > 0:24:34'Despite his dog's limited experience,
0:24:34 > 0:24:38'Alex clearly has a lot of faith in Rio the rookie.
0:24:38 > 0:24:39'But, as a man of ambition,
0:24:39 > 0:24:43'he's already training up some even younger potential puppy champs.'
0:24:43 > 0:24:45Wow, they're keen, aren't they?
0:24:45 > 0:24:48'And with pups of this age, you need to know how to handle them.'
0:24:48 > 0:24:52- Let that one out.- Whoa! Oh!
0:24:53 > 0:24:55Just let them go.
0:24:55 > 0:24:57I didn't want them to fall out.
0:24:57 > 0:25:00You can see now they're already working.
0:25:00 > 0:25:03So, how old are they when you first bring them out to meet the sheep?
0:25:03 > 0:25:04Well, it depends.
0:25:04 > 0:25:07If they're keen enough, that's when we'll take them out.
0:25:07 > 0:25:09Is it a fine line, when you've got such a young dog,
0:25:09 > 0:25:12between them being keen and too keen?
0:25:12 > 0:25:14You don't want the dogs to frighten them, do you?
0:25:14 > 0:25:17That's the difference between a top dog and not a top dog.
0:25:17 > 0:25:19A lot of people say your dog is at its best
0:25:19 > 0:25:21when it's six years old. So that's when they've calmed down,
0:25:21 > 0:25:24they're a bit more experienced and they're just a bit more laid back.
0:25:26 > 0:25:29Two-year-old Rio is clearly the exception to that rule.
0:25:29 > 0:25:31With mature heads on their shoulders,
0:25:31 > 0:25:34this duo is brimming with confidence,
0:25:34 > 0:25:35and deservedly so.
0:25:36 > 0:25:41- Do you enjoy competing? - Yeah, I love it. I like the...
0:25:41 > 0:25:43not the pressure, but the challenge
0:25:43 > 0:25:45of a hard course or something, really.
0:25:45 > 0:25:48And what would it mean to you to win?
0:25:48 > 0:25:49It'd mean a lot.
0:25:49 > 0:25:52I don't want to come last or second.
0:25:52 > 0:25:54It's either first or nothing, really.
0:25:54 > 0:25:57So that's our determined English duo -
0:25:57 > 0:25:59the Lancashire lads who are in it to win it.
0:25:59 > 0:26:01A combination of youth and experience -
0:26:01 > 0:26:05Alex Briggs with Rio and Richard Hutchinson with Sweep.
0:26:14 > 0:26:17The River Dart has its source in the soil of Dartmoor.
0:26:17 > 0:26:20Rain water seeps through the centuries-old peat
0:26:20 > 0:26:24before carving its way across South Devon to reach the sea.
0:26:24 > 0:26:28Halfway along its journey, the river runs through the Valley of Totnes.
0:26:31 > 0:26:34And here, in this rather magical spot, hardly anything has
0:26:34 > 0:26:37changed for centuries, from the ruins of Berry Pomeroy Castle
0:26:37 > 0:26:39to the trees that hold it up
0:26:39 > 0:26:41and the ancient waters that surround it.
0:26:42 > 0:26:45So it's the perfect spot to meet a sculptor who takes
0:26:45 > 0:26:49inspiration from the old to create something very new.
0:26:53 > 0:26:56Alarik Greenland is a local sculptor.
0:26:56 > 0:26:58His muse - trees.
0:27:00 > 0:27:03He painstakingly twists wires and jewels together
0:27:03 > 0:27:08to create perfect replicas, each leaf a semiprecious stone.
0:27:13 > 0:27:14These aren't just any trees,
0:27:14 > 0:27:18they're ancient trees from his childhood surroundings.
0:27:20 > 0:27:24Alarik, you can see that this is a very special spot.
0:27:24 > 0:27:26It is, yeah. It's very special to me.
0:27:26 > 0:27:30Everywhere I go around here, it stirs up memories for me just
0:27:30 > 0:27:33because I've been here my whole life.
0:27:33 > 0:27:35What is it about the trees in particular?
0:27:35 > 0:27:39It's the sense that they have been here for so long
0:27:39 > 0:27:42and that they've been touched by people that I've never known.
0:27:48 > 0:27:52The ruined castle offers fantastic views of the woodland below.
0:27:52 > 0:27:55A perfect spot for a lesson in tree sculpture.
0:27:57 > 0:28:00Wow. How many hours to did take you to make this?
0:28:00 > 0:28:05Altogether, it can take about four to five weeks to make a tree.
0:28:05 > 0:28:07I can't promise you four weeks of my life,
0:28:07 > 0:28:09- but I certainly fancy having a go.- Yeah.- Shall we?
0:28:12 > 0:28:14This is gold-plated copper wire.
0:28:14 > 0:28:18- Right, so don't mess up, Anita, cos it's expensive.- Yes!
0:28:18 > 0:28:21Pinch the two bits of wires.
0:28:21 > 0:28:25And then make about three to four twists.
0:28:25 > 0:28:30- OK.- And how many beads would one tree have?- One tree?- Yeah.
0:28:30 > 0:28:35The latest one that I've got is 10,000. Over 10,000 stones.
0:28:35 > 0:28:37- 10,000 stones!- Yeah.
0:28:37 > 0:28:39I don't know about this, though.
0:28:39 > 0:28:41I might have just wasted a bit of gold.
0:28:41 > 0:28:43THEY LAUGH
0:28:46 > 0:28:50This is an incredibly intricate work of art,
0:28:50 > 0:28:55but the piece of wood it sits on has a fascinating life of its own, too.
0:28:56 > 0:28:59Alarik salvages these centuries-old pieces of wood
0:28:59 > 0:29:01from the depths of the River Dart.
0:29:01 > 0:29:05But how did they get their remarkable appearance?
0:29:05 > 0:29:08I was excavating a Bronze Age site on the top of Dartmoor...
0:29:08 > 0:29:12'Dr Ralph Fyfe, an expert on fossilised plants,
0:29:12 > 0:29:14'is casting his eye over one of Alarik's finds.'
0:29:16 > 0:29:20This end here was down in the silts in the bottom of the river.
0:29:20 > 0:29:23- So a bit like this.- Let's spin it round. So it was like this?
0:29:23 > 0:29:28- This was out in the water column. - So why is the top bit black?
0:29:28 > 0:29:31What's happened is, as this piece of wood has been
0:29:31 > 0:29:34sitting in the water, there are tannins in the wood,
0:29:34 > 0:29:37and those tannins are reacting with the slightly acidic waters
0:29:37 > 0:29:39and the iron in the water as well.
0:29:39 > 0:29:42That means that a chemical process occurs, which means the wood
0:29:42 > 0:29:45draws the iron into the actual structure itself.
0:29:45 > 0:29:49So it begins life as a tree, then it sits around in the water
0:29:49 > 0:29:52for a few hundred years and it becomes this,
0:29:52 > 0:29:55and then it gets given a new life by an artist.
0:29:58 > 0:30:02I'm keen to find a piece, and Alarik knows just what to look for.
0:30:04 > 0:30:06Sometimes it can be too rotten, not bogged enough,
0:30:06 > 0:30:09so it's just sort of quite new, and another thing is it's not
0:30:09 > 0:30:11the right shape, so we've got to really look carefully.
0:30:11 > 0:30:13We've got to look for a really nice piece.
0:30:13 > 0:30:16- But, first things first, we've got to get me in the water.- Yes.
0:30:16 > 0:30:19- How do you plan on doing that, then, Alarik?- Running!
0:30:20 > 0:30:23'The sun's shining and I'm all out of excuses.
0:30:23 > 0:30:25'Time for an underwater forage.'
0:30:25 > 0:30:27Go for it!
0:30:31 > 0:30:32Ooh!
0:30:33 > 0:30:34It's freezing!
0:30:35 > 0:30:36OK, let's swim.
0:30:40 > 0:30:43On three. One, two, three.
0:30:46 > 0:30:49I can't see anything. It's just black.
0:30:49 > 0:30:50Where's he gone?
0:30:53 > 0:30:56'Enough fun. We've got a job to do.'
0:31:14 > 0:31:16HE EXCLAIMS
0:31:16 > 0:31:17Oh, my God.
0:31:20 > 0:31:23- I want to get out and look at it. - Let's pull it out. Hey!
0:31:24 > 0:31:27- God!- That is lush. - Look at that.
0:31:27 > 0:31:29- That's brilliant. - Are you happy with that?
0:31:29 > 0:31:33- My mind's ticking over already about how I can use it.- That's wonderful.
0:31:33 > 0:31:36So, in a few months' time, this could look like that.
0:31:36 > 0:31:38- It could well be, yes.- Wow.
0:31:38 > 0:31:41- I feel like we've done a good day's work today.- Yeah, we have.
0:31:41 > 0:31:43- Well done.- Thank you.
0:31:43 > 0:31:45- Shall we get back in?- Yeah!
0:31:46 > 0:31:50Alarik's beautiful sculptures, combined with the deadwood from
0:31:50 > 0:31:55the river, are giving Devon's ancient trees an artistic afterlife.
0:31:58 > 0:32:03I'm on Dartmoor - sometimes dangerous, always beguiling...
0:32:03 > 0:32:06as former RAF policeman John Law found out
0:32:06 > 0:32:11when he started to investigate the crash site of a 1941 bomber.
0:32:13 > 0:32:15So, John, you've been researching this site,
0:32:15 > 0:32:17then, for the past three years.
0:32:17 > 0:32:20You've now reached a very critical stage.
0:32:20 > 0:32:22And we're surrounded by all sorts of gadgets and beeping.
0:32:22 > 0:32:24What's going on?
0:32:24 > 0:32:27- The culmination of this is a geophysical survey...- Right.
0:32:27 > 0:32:32..to establish where the aircraft actually impacted.
0:32:32 > 0:32:34All we've got is hearsay.
0:32:34 > 0:32:38- So they're basically scanning the ground, then?- Absolutely.
0:32:38 > 0:32:41After the crash, the wreckage was cleared away.
0:32:41 > 0:32:44But the impact would have been so strong, John believes
0:32:44 > 0:32:48fragments of the plane may still lie beneath the soil.
0:32:48 > 0:32:50Fragments that today's survey might reveal.
0:32:53 > 0:32:56Has anyone ever kind of stumbled across anything?
0:32:56 > 0:33:02Yes, the Perspex of this aircraft was pinched or stolen by young boys
0:33:02 > 0:33:06and turned into a ring, usually to give to the sweethearts.
0:33:06 > 0:33:07Wow. Look at that.
0:33:10 > 0:33:12So that would have been from maybe
0:33:12 > 0:33:15- the windshield of the cockpit or something.- Yeah.
0:33:15 > 0:33:17Do you know what? I'm going to get involved in all the stuff
0:33:17 > 0:33:20that's going on behind us and I've been told, because there's
0:33:20 > 0:33:23lots of magnetic waves flying around, I've got to get rid of
0:33:23 > 0:33:26- all things metal.- Everything that's...- So if I give you my watch.
0:33:26 > 0:33:31- Lovely.- And then I might just pop my wedding ring
0:33:31 > 0:33:32over the top of there.
0:33:32 > 0:33:33There we are.
0:33:35 > 0:33:37'Time for me to get stuck in.
0:33:37 > 0:33:38'Archaeologist Mark Edwards
0:33:38 > 0:33:42'hooks me up to a piece of kit called a magnetometer.'
0:33:42 > 0:33:44- OK, and what's my route? - Just press that.- Where am I headed?
0:33:44 > 0:33:46You're heading down to the pole.
0:33:46 > 0:33:48OK. And I just walk,
0:33:48 > 0:33:50I don't have to shove it in the ground or anything?
0:33:50 > 0:33:53No, you just walk and it'll take eight readings per metre.
0:33:53 > 0:33:57'The magnetometer uses sensors to detect magnetic objects
0:33:57 > 0:33:59'and disturbances to the soil,
0:33:59 > 0:34:01'which may have been caused by a sudden impact
0:34:01 > 0:34:03'such as a plane crash.'
0:34:06 > 0:34:09And how big is the area, then, that you've been wandering over?
0:34:09 > 0:34:11- Cos you've been doing this for three days now.- Three days.
0:34:11 > 0:34:13We started off originally as half a hectare
0:34:13 > 0:34:16and I think we've got up to about three hectares now.
0:34:16 > 0:34:21We started off over here to here and we've extended this way
0:34:21 > 0:34:24because we found a large concentration of what we believe is
0:34:24 > 0:34:27iron in the south-west corner.
0:34:27 > 0:34:29- Must be an interesting project, this, for you, though.- This is...
0:34:29 > 0:34:32- Yeah, this is a bit different. - Yeah. Right.
0:34:32 > 0:34:35- It's a nice story with it as well. - Exactly.- Which is good.
0:34:35 > 0:34:37- We've arrived at our destination.- We've arrived.
0:34:38 > 0:34:41The team uses another bit of kit to get a more detailed
0:34:41 > 0:34:46reading, before printing out and analysing the revealing results.
0:34:46 > 0:34:49As soon as we started, we started seeing this, as you can see,
0:34:49 > 0:34:51high and low readings.
0:34:51 > 0:34:54These are just different parts of the same data,
0:34:54 > 0:34:56they show different parts of that data.
0:34:56 > 0:35:00- So high and low readings of what?- Of the magnetic response of the soils.
0:35:00 > 0:35:02- Yeah.- We started here. It's very low on this site,
0:35:02 > 0:35:05about one. And it's coming in, it starts to rise.
0:35:05 > 0:35:08That looks pretty natural but then it just keeps rising and rising.
0:35:08 > 0:35:12We're up to 50 or 60, which is five or six times what we expect.
0:35:12 > 0:35:16I think that's steel or iron buried in the ground.
0:35:16 > 0:35:19We need to confirm this, and the next stage of this process,
0:35:19 > 0:35:21we get down there with the metal detector
0:35:21 > 0:35:23- and run it across just to see if that's the case.- Yeah.
0:35:24 > 0:35:28The team thinks it is likely this dense patch of metal could be
0:35:28 > 0:35:31the plane's wheels, or even the engine.
0:35:34 > 0:35:37- What do you make of all this, then, John?- It's just amazing.
0:35:37 > 0:35:39Honestly, it really is.
0:35:39 > 0:35:42What's exciting is what Ross has said
0:35:42 > 0:35:44with this section here.
0:35:44 > 0:35:46And we need to go back
0:35:46 > 0:35:50and really, really investigate these areas.
0:35:50 > 0:35:52Something tells me there's plenty more detective work
0:35:52 > 0:35:54for John to do here in future.
0:35:57 > 0:36:01It's fascinating to think that, more than 70 years on,
0:36:01 > 0:36:05through the work of people like John and Ross, the story
0:36:05 > 0:36:09and lives of the four men who died are not forgotten,
0:36:09 > 0:36:12but live on in this beautiful Dartmoor landscape.
0:36:17 > 0:36:20Earlier, Helen met the team hoping to win this year's
0:36:20 > 0:36:22One Man And His Dog for England.
0:36:23 > 0:36:27Hoping they're on a winning streak are current titleholders Ireland.
0:36:27 > 0:36:31Shauna's meeting this year's optimistic Irish contenders.
0:36:35 > 0:36:38Hailing from its wild Atlantic coastline
0:36:38 > 0:36:40to its tranquil, lush, green hills,
0:36:40 > 0:36:43over the years, the Emerald Isle has produced
0:36:43 > 0:36:46an impressive pedigree when it comes to sheepdog handling.
0:36:47 > 0:36:50After their success in last year's tournament,
0:36:50 > 0:36:53Ireland are defending champions, but hopes of retaining the title
0:36:53 > 0:36:57lie with a couple of One Man And His Dog first-timers.
0:36:57 > 0:37:01I've come to the picturesque Inishowen Peninsula in County Donegal
0:37:01 > 0:37:05to meet the potentially perfect pairing of senior handler
0:37:05 > 0:37:09and dog who are hoping to keep the title in Ireland yet again.
0:37:13 > 0:37:16It's James McLaughlin and four-year-old Ben.
0:37:18 > 0:37:22Brought up on the family hill farm near the town of Carndonagh,
0:37:22 > 0:37:24James and Ben's sheep herding prowess
0:37:24 > 0:37:27have given them local celebrity status.
0:37:27 > 0:37:30- Hello, James.- Hi, Seamus. How are you?- Good luck to you.
0:37:30 > 0:37:33- I hope you bring the trophy back to Carndonagh.- Hope I can do it.
0:37:33 > 0:37:36- Do us all proud for One Man And His Dog.- Thanks now.
0:37:36 > 0:37:40Everybody knows what's happening now and I hope I don't let them down.
0:37:43 > 0:37:46The local community are firmly behind them, but how will
0:37:46 > 0:37:49they fare with the pressure of representing the whole of Ireland?
0:37:50 > 0:37:53James, this will be your first time on One Man And His Dog,
0:37:53 > 0:37:56whereas the other senior handlers from England, Scotland
0:37:56 > 0:38:00and Wales have all been on it before. How do you feel about that?
0:38:00 > 0:38:03A little nervous. A little nervous.
0:38:03 > 0:38:06A bit like the pup in with the old dogs,
0:38:06 > 0:38:08but I'm confident in Ben
0:38:08 > 0:38:10so I'll give it our best shot.
0:38:10 > 0:38:12HE WHISTLES
0:38:12 > 0:38:15James may consider himself to be an underdog,
0:38:15 > 0:38:17but he isn't facing the pressure on his own.
0:38:17 > 0:38:19He'll be with his loyal sidekick, Ben -
0:38:19 > 0:38:23a dog that's adept with sheep of any breed...or colour.
0:38:25 > 0:38:27- What's with the pink?- Yes.
0:38:27 > 0:38:31It assures good visibility for out on the mountain there.
0:38:31 > 0:38:35So, Ben is four now. When did you notice something special about him?
0:38:35 > 0:38:37Eight, nine months to ten months old,
0:38:37 > 0:38:40I knew he had something that I was always looking for, you know.
0:38:40 > 0:38:45At a young age, he was quite capable of doing a lot of nice work.
0:38:45 > 0:38:47He would have exceptional balance.
0:38:47 > 0:38:50He would make the moves himself without me excessively
0:38:50 > 0:38:54commanding him. With a ewe just trying to break,
0:38:54 > 0:38:57- he can move himself using his own initiative, you know?- Right.
0:38:57 > 0:39:00- So, he's got a natural ability, would you say?- Yes. Yes.
0:39:00 > 0:39:05- And is that quite rare to find at such a young age?- Oh, yes. Yes.
0:39:05 > 0:39:09I would... I haven't found it in previous dogs that I would have.
0:39:12 > 0:39:15HE WHISTLES AND CALLS COMMANDS
0:39:17 > 0:39:20So, a hard-working dog in the field. What's he like out of the field?
0:39:20 > 0:39:22The kids love him, you know?
0:39:22 > 0:39:24- Your ultimate good dog with kids, you know?- Kids adore him.
0:39:24 > 0:39:27- And he's a dad himself, isn't he?- Yes, he is.
0:39:27 > 0:39:32This last litter I've recently kept. I have three there, you know,
0:39:32 > 0:39:36- which are showing me good... - Good promise already?- Good promise.
0:39:42 > 0:39:46And the next generation looks bright, as James's own offspring,
0:39:46 > 0:39:49nine-year-old Caitlin and six-year-old Coran,
0:39:49 > 0:39:53are training up a potential future champ in Ben's son Rock.
0:39:53 > 0:39:54Come by.
0:39:54 > 0:40:01- Rock is doing amazingly. How old is he?- Just four months.- Wow.
0:40:02 > 0:40:04Hey, Caitlin, can you give me some advice,
0:40:04 > 0:40:07some tips on how to do some trialling?
0:40:07 > 0:40:08Erm...
0:40:08 > 0:40:13left is "come by", right is "keep out"...
0:40:14 > 0:40:20..and to leave the sheep is "lie down" and...
0:40:22 > 0:40:25Have you got your list?
0:40:25 > 0:40:28"Stand" is another way to stop your puppy.
0:40:30 > 0:40:31Very good.
0:40:31 > 0:40:34How do you feel about your dad being on One Man And His Dog?
0:40:34 > 0:40:38I feel so proud of him cos that way it makes me smile all the time.
0:40:38 > 0:40:40Oh, that's so sweet.
0:40:40 > 0:40:42Are you going to be cheering him on all the way?
0:40:42 > 0:40:47OK, that's a good idea but I'm going to do it right now. Go, Daddy!
0:40:54 > 0:40:57The Irish challenge with James McLaughlin and Ben is shaping
0:40:57 > 0:41:01up to be quite formidable, but what about Ireland's young handler?
0:41:07 > 0:41:10From the remote and rugged Atlantic coastline in the north-west
0:41:10 > 0:41:14to the rich river valleys, hills and picture postcard towns
0:41:14 > 0:41:16of County Kilkenny in the South.
0:41:16 > 0:41:20And it's here, in the agricultural highlands of Mullinavat, that
0:41:20 > 0:41:23I'll be getting an insight into the world of those representing
0:41:23 > 0:41:25Ireland in the young handlers class.
0:41:30 > 0:41:33It's 17-year-old Caleb O'Keefe and Tess.
0:41:38 > 0:41:41Growing up on the family farm, when Caleb is not at school,
0:41:41 > 0:41:46he can be found helping his dad with their 140 Suffolk cross ewes.
0:41:48 > 0:41:50In you go. Right. There we go.
0:41:55 > 0:41:58Did you know from a young age that this is what you wanted to do?
0:41:58 > 0:42:00I always, always wanted to do this, yeah.
0:42:03 > 0:42:06'And when it comes to working with sheep, Caleb's future
0:42:06 > 0:42:10'looks bright, thanks to his partnership with five-year-old Tess.'
0:42:10 > 0:42:14- So how long have you had Tess for, Caleb?- Since she was six months old.
0:42:14 > 0:42:17- Have you been trialling her since she was a pup, then?- Yes.
0:42:17 > 0:42:20Well, Daddy trained her and I've been trailing her since then,
0:42:20 > 0:42:24- since she was about two years old. - And what's her character like?
0:42:24 > 0:42:27She's awful friendly, like. She's a very pleasant bitch.
0:42:27 > 0:42:31Ireland, obviously, are the reigning champs at the moment.
0:42:31 > 0:42:34How do you feel about representing them this time?
0:42:34 > 0:42:37Yeah, it's a once-in-a-lifetime chance to do this,
0:42:37 > 0:42:41so hopefully it'll go well. Tess'll give me 110% anyway.
0:42:41 > 0:42:43Oh, look at her. There she is.
0:42:43 > 0:42:45She obviously enjoys her work.
0:42:45 > 0:42:46She is lovely.
0:42:48 > 0:42:50WHISTLING
0:42:50 > 0:42:53So that's our team from Ireland.
0:42:53 > 0:42:56Young handler Caleb O'Keeffe with his sheepdog, Tess,
0:42:56 > 0:42:58and James McLaughlin with Ben.
0:43:12 > 0:43:16The lush countryside of the Dartington Estate in South Devon.
0:43:16 > 0:43:19An inspiring place to think and reflect,
0:43:19 > 0:43:21and a beautiful place to work.
0:43:23 > 0:43:27'This combination of work and space are the key ingredients
0:43:27 > 0:43:31'in a unique project tackling one of society's biggest problems -
0:43:31 > 0:43:33'crime.'
0:43:33 > 0:43:36Nearly 50% of prisoners will reoffend
0:43:36 > 0:43:38within their first year of release.
0:43:38 > 0:43:41It's a huge figure, but the cost to the economy is equally as huge -
0:43:41 > 0:43:44around £13 billion a year.
0:43:44 > 0:43:47But, at this place, they're using the countryside to try
0:43:47 > 0:43:48and reduce those figures.
0:43:52 > 0:43:54At LandWorks, the idea is simple.
0:43:54 > 0:43:57A group of offenders come here four days a week,
0:43:57 > 0:43:59work the land and gain new skills.
0:44:01 > 0:44:05With any luck, they'll go on to find work within the community,
0:44:05 > 0:44:06without reoffending.
0:44:08 > 0:44:11- Hello, Chris.- Hi, Anita. Nice to see you.- Pleased to meet you.
0:44:11 > 0:44:13'Chris Parsons is in charge.'
0:44:14 > 0:44:17What is LandWorks?
0:44:17 > 0:44:19Well, the purpose, really, is to provide a work placement,
0:44:19 > 0:44:23a real work placement where people who may not have worked before can
0:44:23 > 0:44:26find their feet and start to take some responsibility
0:44:26 > 0:44:28and progress back into the community.
0:44:28 > 0:44:32Well, I've got a lot of questions and I'm quite keen to explore it.
0:44:32 > 0:44:34- Why don't you have a look round? - Yeah.
0:44:34 > 0:44:37Why don't you go round and meet everyone who's out here. Perhaps we
0:44:37 > 0:44:40- can meet up later and you can tell me what you found out.- Thank you.
0:44:43 > 0:44:44To earn a place here,
0:44:44 > 0:44:48you must show a genuine desire to change your life.
0:44:48 > 0:44:50Tony's been here for ten weeks.
0:44:51 > 0:44:55I'm remembering old skills being here but also I'm learning new
0:44:55 > 0:44:58- skills at the same time as well, like, you know?- Yeah.
0:44:58 > 0:44:59- And do you enjoy it?- Yeah.
0:44:59 > 0:45:02The people here are just brilliant people.
0:45:02 > 0:45:03Really easy to get on with.
0:45:03 > 0:45:06And Dartington the area itself is just a beautiful area.
0:45:06 > 0:45:09And everyone wants to get involved with the projects, like, you know?
0:45:09 > 0:45:13- So, how many times have you been in prison?- This is my fourth sentence.
0:45:13 > 0:45:14- Fourth sentence.- Yeah.
0:45:14 > 0:45:16Some people watching this, Tony,
0:45:16 > 0:45:19might think you've been in and out of prison, four sentences,
0:45:19 > 0:45:23you could have destroyed quite a few lives, certainly upset
0:45:23 > 0:45:27a lot of people, why should we let him, you know, grow vegetables?
0:45:27 > 0:45:30- Surely you should be being punished for what you did.- Yeah.
0:45:30 > 0:45:33Well, I mean, I've done my prison sentence
0:45:33 > 0:45:37and people need a chance, if they want to, to change their lives,
0:45:37 > 0:45:41because otherwise they're just going to go back into crime.
0:45:43 > 0:45:47LandWorks is a place full of character, filled with art
0:45:47 > 0:45:50and expressions from current and former trainees.
0:45:50 > 0:45:54It also offers offenders a chance to rub shoulders with people
0:45:54 > 0:45:56they may not normally mix with.
0:45:56 > 0:45:59Today, Lee is working with artist Sarah on a tunnel
0:45:59 > 0:46:01based around the idea of a beehive.
0:46:01 > 0:46:03Hello. Hiya, Lee.
0:46:03 > 0:46:07If someone said to you about a year ago you'd be out here building
0:46:07 > 0:46:11an art piece called Fragments Of Society, based on a honeycomb...
0:46:11 > 0:46:13No. THEY LAUGH
0:46:13 > 0:46:17- No.- ..what would you have said? - About a year ago...
0:46:17 > 0:46:23- What were you up to a year ago? - A year ago... Er...
0:46:23 > 0:46:29- I was having a breakdown. I... - Why? Where had you got to in life?
0:46:29 > 0:46:31What...? Where were you?
0:46:31 > 0:46:35Basically, I was a fully qualified scaffolder and I lost my job,
0:46:35 > 0:46:38I had an accident at work.
0:46:38 > 0:46:43I had a privately rented house and three kids and a missus,
0:46:43 > 0:46:45and, basically, I hit rock bottom.
0:46:45 > 0:46:49Lost my house, my career, from the accident at work,
0:46:49 > 0:46:52spiralled out of control, and I ended up in prison.
0:46:53 > 0:46:55And then I moved on to here,
0:46:55 > 0:46:59and it's ended up being the best thing that I've done in a long time.
0:46:59 > 0:47:01There is a light at the end of the tunnel, like, you know?
0:47:01 > 0:47:04So, I can see there's a job at the end of it.
0:47:04 > 0:47:06I've seen other people come through this.
0:47:06 > 0:47:13So it's a route back into society without being judged along the way.
0:47:22 > 0:47:24'One of the key parts of the scheme is developing softer
0:47:24 > 0:47:28'skills like respect and teamwork.
0:47:28 > 0:47:31'So lunch is a very important part of the day here.
0:47:31 > 0:47:35'It's a chance to mix in and share stories.'
0:47:35 > 0:47:38It gives me the chance to socialise, meet new people.
0:47:38 > 0:47:40It's been a real keystone of the project.
0:47:40 > 0:47:43- So it's a good experience for us all.- Food for the soul.- Yeah.
0:47:47 > 0:47:50This place is being transformed into something of which
0:47:50 > 0:47:52those who come here can be proud.
0:47:52 > 0:47:56But the scheme's greatest achievement is its graduates.
0:47:56 > 0:48:00'With LandWorks' help, Rich has changed his life.'
0:48:00 > 0:48:03- We are sitting on your legacy, aren't we? Cos you made this.- Yes.
0:48:03 > 0:48:05Did you have any carpentry skills before you got here?
0:48:05 > 0:48:10- None whatsoever.- Have you ever had a job before this?- Before now, no.
0:48:10 > 0:48:14- In 40 years of your life, you've never had a job?- No. Never.- And now?
0:48:14 > 0:48:17I managed to get onto this project
0:48:17 > 0:48:21and good things started happening to me. Now I work 12 hours a day.
0:48:21 > 0:48:23If you work, you know that every fortnight
0:48:23 > 0:48:26I've got that guaranteed money. It's mine.
0:48:26 > 0:48:29I can pay my rent, I can pay my council tax and feel good.
0:48:29 > 0:48:32- I can't even believe I'm saying that.- I know, listen to you!
0:48:32 > 0:48:34I've spoken to a few people here today at LandWorks,
0:48:34 > 0:48:37and you are the role model. You do realise that, don't you?
0:48:37 > 0:48:39People say, "We want to be like Rich.
0:48:39 > 0:48:42"We want to get out of here and get a job."
0:48:42 > 0:48:43Which is good, and I encourage
0:48:43 > 0:48:47them all to work, but I don't want them to feel they need to be like me.
0:48:47 > 0:48:50But it's good, and if I can pass my experience on to the boys,
0:48:50 > 0:48:53I can tell them the road they should go down.
0:48:56 > 0:48:57It's been a fascinating day,
0:48:57 > 0:49:01and manager Chris wants to know what I think.
0:49:01 > 0:49:03- Hi, Chris.- Hi, Anita.
0:49:03 > 0:49:07- How did it go?- Yeah. Amazing. - Good.- What an eye-opener.
0:49:07 > 0:49:10I'm surprised at how open everyone is.
0:49:10 > 0:49:16Yeah, I think honesty comes through here as the guys settle in
0:49:16 > 0:49:20and spend some time here and develop a sense of ownership for the project.
0:49:20 > 0:49:22They start discussing subjects
0:49:22 > 0:49:24that might not normally be discussed or even, you know,
0:49:24 > 0:49:26starting to take responsibility for their crime.
0:49:29 > 0:49:32This is an opportunity to start afresh.
0:49:34 > 0:49:39I've got more shame and guilt than anybody that I know and I've
0:49:39 > 0:49:45had to learn to deal with that myself and I need a chance, you know? I do.
0:49:45 > 0:49:47I need a chance. Because I'm not bad.
0:49:47 > 0:49:52There should be more places like this, because if you want to
0:49:52 > 0:49:56change then somewhere like this will give you the opportunity to do so.
0:49:58 > 0:50:01If these guys take their chance out here,
0:50:01 > 0:50:05they'll experience a sense of freedom in more ways than one.
0:50:12 > 0:50:14This week, we're in South Devon -
0:50:14 > 0:50:18a place with an unusual draw, as we've been finding out.
0:50:18 > 0:50:22From scientists uncovering secrets of a Second World War plane crash,
0:50:22 > 0:50:27to artists inspired by the natural wonders of the landscape.
0:50:29 > 0:50:31But there's one group of people that have been based
0:50:31 > 0:50:36here on Dartmoor for over 6,000 years - farmers.
0:50:37 > 0:50:39Meet the Retallick family.
0:50:39 > 0:50:43There's grandfather Maurice, son Russell and his wife, Carol,
0:50:43 > 0:50:47and grandchildren Anneliese, Max, Harold and Olivia.
0:50:47 > 0:50:50This family's been farming on Dartmoor for over 100 years.
0:50:55 > 0:50:57In recent times, something exciting has happened
0:50:57 > 0:51:01which has had a real impact on Russell's farm.
0:51:01 > 0:51:05In 2007, he joined the Dartmoor Farmers' Association.
0:51:05 > 0:51:07Supported by the Duchy of Cornwall,
0:51:07 > 0:51:11it's an ambitious cooperative of over 50 farms working together.
0:51:14 > 0:51:16How did the cooperative come about, then, Russell?
0:51:16 > 0:51:20There was a group of Dartmoor farmers who decided this would be
0:51:20 > 0:51:24a good idea to get together to market
0:51:24 > 0:51:27our produce, our beef and lamb.
0:51:27 > 0:51:31- And is it a model that you'd seen working elsewhere?- Yes.
0:51:31 > 0:51:35We found an association in Lenk in Switzerland that were doing
0:51:35 > 0:51:38- a very similar thing.- Not that close to home, then.- Well, no.
0:51:38 > 0:51:43It was a very similar sort of topography to what we've got here.
0:51:47 > 0:51:49With autumn approaching,
0:51:49 > 0:51:52Russell and his family have an important job to do - bringing
0:51:52 > 0:51:56their cattle down from the moorland to graze on lower pastures.
0:51:58 > 0:52:01En route, we meet up with fellow cooperative farmer
0:52:01 > 0:52:03Ed Williams, who's come to lend a hand.
0:52:05 > 0:52:06So, Ed, you're not part of the family
0:52:06 > 0:52:08but you are part of the cooperative.
0:52:08 > 0:52:10The Dartmoor Farmers' Cooperative, yes. Yes.
0:52:10 > 0:52:13In what ways, then, has your business now changed?
0:52:13 > 0:52:16It's just everything has been brought back a lot more local.
0:52:16 > 0:52:18All of a sudden, you've got a bit of pride in the job
0:52:18 > 0:52:21and it's great to go in the pub of a Friday night and somebody says,
0:52:21 > 0:52:23"I had a piece of your meat out of the village shop
0:52:23 > 0:52:25"and it was fantastic." When we started,
0:52:25 > 0:52:27we thought we were going to sell everything in a box
0:52:27 > 0:52:29on the internet, a delivery van was going to come
0:52:29 > 0:52:32and collect it and send it off. It's completely the opposite.
0:52:32 > 0:52:36If you look at Dartmoor as a hill of food producing, or beef
0:52:36 > 0:52:40and lamb producing area, with market towns all around the outside,
0:52:40 > 0:52:43butchers shops in each, we don't need to reinvent the wheel.
0:52:43 > 0:52:46We've just got to try and sell to those shops.
0:52:46 > 0:52:50And we are doing eight local towns now where we're
0:52:50 > 0:52:52- available in butcher shops. - And pasties as well, I understand.
0:52:52 > 0:52:55- Oh, yes. Pasties, pies.- I can't wait for one of these pasties.
0:52:55 > 0:52:57Oh, well, later. After you've done your work!
0:52:57 > 0:52:59They obviously sell well cos I haven't had one yet!
0:52:59 > 0:53:01THEY LAUGH
0:53:01 > 0:53:03Right, time to get the cows.
0:53:04 > 0:53:05There we go, King.
0:53:05 > 0:53:08The cowboys and cowgirls of England.
0:53:12 > 0:53:16Cooperative rules state that members must only farm native breeds.
0:53:16 > 0:53:19Livestock must be born, raised and finished on Dartmoor.
0:53:22 > 0:53:26Russell's cows are all Aberdeen Angus, Aberdeen Angus cross.
0:53:26 > 0:53:29So, these black ones here and the occasional rusty-coloured one.
0:53:29 > 0:53:33So now we're just going to take them nice and gently round here
0:53:33 > 0:53:35and down to the lower ground.
0:53:38 > 0:53:40- Come on.- Go on!
0:53:48 > 0:53:51And, in true Countryfile cooperative style,
0:53:51 > 0:53:54Ed and co-pilot Anita are keen to get in on the action.
0:53:58 > 0:54:01That's the end of the road. There we are.
0:54:01 > 0:54:03Hang on. Hang on.
0:54:03 > 0:54:05I feel like a Horse Guard with the Queen arriving.
0:54:05 > 0:54:08Yes, well, that's about right, Matt.
0:54:08 > 0:54:10Let me jump down.
0:54:10 > 0:54:14- That looked incredible. How was it? - Anita, it's absolutely beautiful.
0:54:14 > 0:54:16Now, the big question is did you bring a bale of hay for King here?
0:54:16 > 0:54:19I've got a pasty. Does King eat pasties? I brought you it.
0:54:19 > 0:54:22- Shall we share a bit of this pasty? - Good idea.- That was wonderful.
0:54:22 > 0:54:24- So this is... - From the cooperative?- Yeah.
0:54:24 > 0:54:27- The fruits of our labour, really. - That's how much you're getting.
0:54:27 > 0:54:29- It's lovely.- Yeah, really good.
0:54:29 > 0:54:31Just hold King cos we can't be doing with this. Hang on.
0:54:33 > 0:54:36- Oh!- There we are. We're all happy now.- Everyone's happy.
0:54:36 > 0:54:40So that is about it from glorious, glorious Dartmoor in Devon.
0:54:40 > 0:54:43Next week, we're going to be at Byland Abbey, where the best
0:54:43 > 0:54:45shepherding talent from across the British Isles will be coming
0:54:45 > 0:54:48together to go head-to-head, hoping to be crowned champions
0:54:48 > 0:54:51of One Man And His Dog 2014.
0:54:51 > 0:54:53But which nation will be top dog?
0:54:53 > 0:54:56- You'd better tune in and find out. - See you then.- King will.- Bye-bye.