:00:26. > :00:32.A county of ancient woodland, historic houses, and...
:00:33. > :00:37.It's long been a centre of excellence for them,
:00:38. > :00:39.and I'm going to be meeting a young man
:00:40. > :00:45.who's resurrecting the tanning industry in a rather unusual way...
:00:46. > :00:52.Never seen anything like that before!
:00:53. > :00:56.Anita visits a ground-breaking new project
:00:57. > :00:58.where nature is the key selling point.
:00:59. > :01:03.On one side, a precinct, and the other...
:01:04. > :01:12.Tom discovers the harsh realities faced by those living rough
:01:13. > :01:16.There must be some pretty tough times.
:01:17. > :01:18.I mean, there must be some pretty bad downsides.
:01:19. > :01:29.And Adam's on a farm that could spawn a food revolution.
:01:30. > :01:35.Tastes all right. Yeah. I'll have another one.
:01:36. > :01:49.A bit moreish! HE LAUGHS
:01:50. > :01:54.played second fiddle to some of the more famously picturesque
:01:55. > :02:01.It's got some spectacular landscapes,
:02:02. > :02:13.where a pioneering project is just about to launch.
:02:14. > :02:19.And it's not the usual kind of setting for a Countryfile story.
:02:20. > :02:21.This is not only a first for Northamptonshire,
:02:22. > :02:28.Welcome to Rushden Lakes shopping complex...
:02:29. > :02:33.Yep, that's definitely the first time I've put "wildlife reserve"
:02:34. > :02:38.and "shopping complex" in the same sentence.
:02:39. > :02:41.This 500,000-acre reserve is a landscape
:02:42. > :02:46.that has changed massively over the years.
:02:47. > :02:50.It was once mined for iron ore and quarried for gravel,
:02:51. > :02:58.As industry moved out, nature moved in.
:02:59. > :03:02.But one site bore too many scars from its industrial past.
:03:03. > :03:09.Retail giants have been working hand-in-hand with the Wildlife Trust
:03:10. > :03:16.creating a shopping centre with nature at its heart.
:03:17. > :03:24.He's working on the retail side of the project.
:03:25. > :03:27.It's really bizarre, actually, because if you face this way,
:03:28. > :03:30.it's, you know, industrial shopping centre,
:03:31. > :03:35.It's amazing, and I think once you actually come down, you realise.
:03:36. > :03:38.I walked for five minutes down there last time I was here,
:03:39. > :03:41.and you wouldn't even know you're next to a retail park,
:03:42. > :03:44.and that's, I think, for me, the most astounding thing
:03:45. > :03:48.The development has been built on what we call a brownfield site.
:03:49. > :03:51.I think about 50 years ago, it was a gravel pit.
:03:52. > :03:54.After that it was used, believe it or not, for water-skiing,
:03:55. > :03:56.and there was actually a dry ski slope here, as well.
:03:57. > :03:59.For the last two decades, though, it's been basically out of use.
:04:00. > :04:01.So, Mike, what have been the challenges
:04:02. > :04:04.of putting this retail park next to a wildlife reserve?
:04:05. > :04:06.During the development, we had to be very, very careful
:04:07. > :04:10.to make sure that when we're carrying out works that are noisy,
:04:11. > :04:11.we're doing it in daylight hours only,
:04:12. > :04:15.Lighting has to be kept to a minimum.
:04:16. > :04:17.We've got some really clever lighting systems here
:04:18. > :04:19.that only light the retail park itself,
:04:20. > :04:22.and there's no lighting at all in the wetlands area.
:04:23. > :04:25.So we're creating the distinction between the retail development
:04:26. > :04:30.and the wildlife area, but making it really accessible at the same time.
:04:31. > :04:33.it's going to be hopefully very popular
:04:34. > :04:35.with curious shoppers who perhaps
:04:36. > :04:37.wouldn't normally come to this sort of area.
:04:38. > :04:40.You can go for a walk, you can hire a canoe.
:04:41. > :04:42.So, lots of different things you can do
:04:43. > :04:44.that take you beyond just coming shopping.
:04:45. > :04:47.And on a personal level, you've got quite into birding now, haven't you?
:04:48. > :04:49.I'm loving it. I mean, I'm a great example
:04:50. > :04:51.of someone who hasn't had great experience
:04:52. > :04:53.dealing with this sort of thing before.
:04:54. > :04:55.I've learned a lot about migratory birds
:04:56. > :04:57.having been involved with this development.
:04:58. > :05:00.Have you bought any binoculars yet? I've got two pairs. There you go!
:05:01. > :05:06.The collaboration has allowed the Wildlife Trust
:05:07. > :05:09.to join up their existing SSSI reserves
:05:10. > :05:14.to make one huge wetland area that wraps around the site.
:05:15. > :05:18.So they're joining up a jigsaw of nature here, if you like -
:05:19. > :05:21.seven wildlife sites all coming together
:05:22. > :05:28.Herons and otters side by side with shoppers.
:05:29. > :05:36.Working on the wilder side of the new development
:05:37. > :05:39.is Jane Pearman from the Wildlife Trust.
:05:40. > :05:56.It's amazing to think that just behind us is a big retail park.
:05:57. > :06:02.so that people can get the best of both worlds.
:06:03. > :06:06.So, be at one with wildlife, and then pop and have a meal.
:06:07. > :06:11.We get over 20,000 wintering birds along the River Nene
:06:12. > :06:14.in the various gravel pits, so the idea is
:06:15. > :06:16.that we can bring them close to the people,
:06:17. > :06:18.so they can actually see what's here,
:06:19. > :06:22.and realise why this area is a special protection area,
:06:23. > :06:27.This lake is one of many dotted through the Nene Valley,
:06:28. > :06:31.each serving an important purpose for wildlife near and far.
:06:32. > :06:35.All the different pits along the Nene are like a necklace,
:06:36. > :06:40.and we're looking at how all the habitats fit together,
:06:41. > :06:43.what we've got where, how we can improve areas,
:06:44. > :06:52.Oh, look! What have we got over there?
:06:53. > :06:55.So, there's a whole flotilla of Canada geese!
:06:56. > :07:00.We've also got a buzzard just flying high above us.
:07:01. > :07:08.Right, there! Just having a look and seeing what we're doing.
:07:09. > :07:10.Later, I'll be meeting the volunteers
:07:11. > :07:19.doing their bit to bring life back to this landscape.
:07:20. > :07:24.Tom's off to investigate a hidden problem
:07:25. > :07:38.that really can be a matter of life and death.
:07:39. > :07:47.For others, a place to retreat and recharge.
:07:48. > :07:56.fed by poverty, and a lack of affordable housing.
:07:57. > :07:59.Homelessness in rural areas is on the rise,
:08:00. > :08:03.but it's often out of sight, with people living in woods, caves,
:08:04. > :08:06.or even camping on the edge of fields, like here,
:08:07. > :08:13.and this makes it harder to spot, and also harder to resolve.
:08:14. > :08:16.We're going to call in on a client of ours called Terence,
:08:17. > :08:20.who's one of the 16 or 17 identified rough sleepers
:08:21. > :08:22.that we're working with in Mendip at the moment.
:08:23. > :08:25.One person all too aware of the problem
:08:26. > :08:31.is outreach worker Paul Kingston from the Elim Connect Centre.
:08:32. > :08:34.He's taking me out on one of his regular searches
:08:35. > :08:40.What do you think are the particular challenges of homelessness
:08:41. > :08:47.It's access to services for those individuals.
:08:48. > :08:50.For us, it's actually identifying them in the first place.
:08:51. > :08:52.You also have to be aware that often,
:08:53. > :08:54.those people don't want to be identified.
:08:55. > :08:57.Then it's a case of trying to build relationships with them.
:08:58. > :09:00.Paul has his work cut out finding people,
:09:01. > :09:13.Hiya, Terence! All right? Yeah, yeah...
:09:14. > :09:17.This is Tom from the Countryfile programme we spoke about.
:09:18. > :09:20.Good to see you, mate. Yeah, yeah. Is it all right if I sit down here?
:09:21. > :09:23.VOICEOVER: Terence doesn't want his face shown,
:09:24. > :09:28.He's 67 and is a Falklands War veteran
:09:29. > :09:33.Tell me, Terence - tell me your story.
:09:34. > :09:43.But what's it like, living out in a place like this
:09:44. > :09:59.Would you want to live in a fixed building, a house, if you could?
:10:00. > :10:05.So the idea of actually being in a building, in a flat -
:10:06. > :10:18.Have you ever been attacked or assaulted, living rough?
:10:19. > :10:25.Fortunately, Paul might have a solution.
:10:26. > :10:27.There is a project in some woods behind Shepton Mallet
:10:28. > :10:32.Basically, people live there in shepherds' huts. OK.
:10:33. > :10:35.It's quite a small, Christian-based community.
:10:36. > :10:38.Sounds like a really ingenious compromise, that.
:10:39. > :10:41.Having some sort of structure, but outside.
:10:42. > :10:44.There will be things to overcome to get him there,
:10:45. > :10:53.but hopefully, it could be a long-term solution for him, yeah.
:10:54. > :10:56.You might be surprised to hear that more than one in ten
:10:57. > :10:59.of all homeless cases are in the countryside.
:11:00. > :11:03.This isn't just a camping trip - it's a tough reality,
:11:04. > :11:08.and it's a problem that Countryfile is one of the first to highlight.
:11:09. > :11:10.This report, which comes out tomorrow,
:11:11. > :11:12.is from the Institute for Public Policy Research,
:11:13. > :11:18.to look specifically at rural homelessness.
:11:19. > :11:20.But even this one only covers England,
:11:21. > :11:27.showing there's more work to be done to get the whole UK picture.
:11:28. > :11:30.The report reveals that in the last seven years,
:11:31. > :11:32.rough sleeping in the countryside has gone up
:11:33. > :11:40.But the thing is these people hide away and are difficult to find,
:11:41. > :11:44.so the true figures could be even higher.
:11:45. > :11:49.and the average life expectancy for a long-term rough sleeper
:11:50. > :11:55.Something known only too well by Corky.
:11:56. > :11:58.Sometimes I would get here, and I would be that knackered,
:11:59. > :12:00.I would have to make a wee bed in there.
:12:01. > :12:02.Do you get a bit of cover in these woods? Yeah.
:12:03. > :12:04.Just got to avoid the nettles, haven't you?
:12:05. > :12:09.Corky has been homeless and sleeping rough
:12:10. > :12:16.He's showing me round his old haunts here in Wiltshire.
:12:17. > :12:19.You've lived in towns and lived homeless in the countryside as well.
:12:20. > :12:21.Aye. Which is better? What do you prefer?
:12:22. > :12:23.Well, kipping in the countryside is definitely better.
:12:24. > :12:27.Why? Because it's green and it's beautiful,
:12:28. > :12:32.There must be some pretty tough times.
:12:33. > :12:34.There must be some pretty bad downsides. Yeah.
:12:35. > :12:43.Getting dried out, that's the most hardest thing. Sure.
:12:44. > :12:48.I couldnae survive another winter outside, I don't think.
:12:49. > :12:51.The lifespan of people living rough is pretty short. Yeah.
:12:52. > :12:53.It's kind of mid-40s. Do you mind me asking...?
:12:54. > :12:56.Apparently, it's meant to be 47, and I'm 47.
:12:57. > :13:00.That's why, after so many years of sleeping rough,
:13:01. > :13:05.Corky has finally found a place in a hostel and hopes to get housed.
:13:06. > :13:10.Yeah, my back's messed up, my neck's messed up, and I think...
:13:11. > :13:14.Well, I get cramps all the time, and I've done myself in.
:13:15. > :13:19.The stories of both Corky and Terence
:13:20. > :13:21.show how getting a roof over your head
:13:22. > :13:25.can really be a matter of life and death.
:13:26. > :13:28.The number of rural homeless is rising.
:13:29. > :13:32.But with budgets falling as more people need help,
:13:33. > :13:35.and lives are at stake, what can we do?
:13:36. > :13:43.Well, that's what I'll be finding out later.
:13:44. > :13:48.Northamptonshire. A landscape of lush pasture.
:13:49. > :13:51.Perfect grazing for the cattle that provided the county
:13:52. > :14:00.There's never been a shortage of leather in this county,
:14:01. > :14:06.and nearly every town and village would tan cowhide into leather
:14:07. > :14:10.to make some of the country's finest shoes and boots.
:14:11. > :14:13.And the shoemaking industry was based here
:14:14. > :14:16.around that ready supply of fine leather.
:14:17. > :14:21.Nowadays, the traditional tanneries have mostly disappeared.
:14:22. > :14:24.But just across the border in Leicestershire,
:14:25. > :14:27.Jack Millington is bringing the old way back
:14:28. > :14:37.Very well, hi. So, how did you get into the goat hide business?
:14:38. > :14:41.Well, you can see behind us here - these are my dad's goats.
:14:42. > :14:46.and I also knew that the hides could be used to make leather.
:14:47. > :14:48.Now, your dad's got quite a small herd, hasn't he,
:14:49. > :14:53.You'd need a lot more to get into the hide business.
:14:54. > :14:55.Yes - in order to make a business out of it,
:14:56. > :14:59.so I partnered with a goat meat company,
:15:00. > :15:05.and through them, we have access to thousands of goat hides a year.
:15:06. > :15:08.The demand for goat dairy products, and their meat,
:15:09. > :15:14.But with the decline in the British leather industry,
:15:15. > :15:20.thousands of hides were going to waste.
:15:21. > :15:22.Jack decided to make use of this waste product,
:15:23. > :15:27.taking the leftover hides to make kid leather.
:15:28. > :15:30.And, of course, if you're going to process hides, you need a tannery,
:15:31. > :15:33.don't you? Yeah. So I started looking for someone
:15:34. > :15:38.And...so, after looking and looking, couldn't find anyone to do it.
:15:39. > :15:40.So we decided to build our own tannery here.
:15:41. > :15:42.What, on the farm? Yeah - just round the corner.
:15:43. > :15:49.Jack believes this is the first new British tannery
:15:50. > :15:57.Never seen anything like that before!
:15:58. > :15:59.Yeah, so these are the wooden tanning drums
:16:00. > :16:08.So these were rescued from an old tannery in Yeovil in Somerset
:16:09. > :16:12.We're taking what was used in the tanning industry before
:16:13. > :16:17.And obviously a small-scale operation here.
:16:18. > :16:22.The room is tiny, so it is a micro-tannery in that sense.
:16:23. > :16:24.Well, I've never been a micro-tannery before,
:16:25. > :16:27.but I have been in microbreweries, and I suppose the connection
:16:28. > :16:30.is, really, that you can concentrate on your craft.
:16:31. > :16:34.Yeah, exactly- so the whole point of a micro-tannery for us
:16:35. > :16:37.is that we can concentrate on all of the finer details.
:16:38. > :16:41.We get to work with lots of other local craftspeople,
:16:42. > :16:45.who have centuries of leather knowledge.
:16:46. > :16:50.So it's a sort of network of old crafts getting together?
:16:51. > :16:58.Exactly, yeah - it's a bit of a resurgence.
:16:59. > :17:01.The hides arrived salted and preserved.
:17:02. > :17:08.They go through various processes to alter the structure of the skins,
:17:09. > :17:13.so that they become strong yet flexible.
:17:14. > :17:16.Tree bark is added to stabilise the leather,
:17:17. > :17:22.just as the ancient tanners would have done.
:17:23. > :17:32.With 47 years of experience in the industry,
:17:33. > :17:37.Paul Evans was happy to share his knowledge and help Jack get started.
:17:38. > :17:42.Nice to see you. So, this is the end of the process, is it?
:17:43. > :17:43.Yeah, this is the end of the process.
:17:44. > :17:46.This is getting it ready, so it's suitable for working
:17:47. > :17:56.The goat skin is particularly beautiful in terms of its character.
:17:57. > :17:59.With age, the piece of leather goods or what have you
:18:00. > :18:03.Like you and I! JOHN CHUCKLES
:18:04. > :18:07.You've been in this industry for most of your working life. Yeah.
:18:08. > :18:11.What, to you, is so special about producing fine leather?
:18:12. > :18:15.My passion is to bring out the natural beauty of the skin.
:18:16. > :18:17.It's this beautiful, natural material,
:18:18. > :18:25.With the tanning complete, the leather is hung up to dry.
:18:26. > :18:34.And I don't suppose there are that many people left
:18:35. > :18:37.around this part of the world with your kind of skills.
:18:38. > :18:40.No, I'm afraid I'm like the last iceman.
:18:41. > :18:45.I've been so lucky - I'm able to pass my knowledge on
:18:46. > :18:52.So, it's going forward to the future.
:18:53. > :18:56.Once tanned, the leather needs finishing.
:18:57. > :19:00.It's dyed, oiled, and then sent to be cut, stitched,
:19:01. > :19:06.tooled and assembled by a skilled team.
:19:07. > :19:09.Each piece that Jack sends out has its own characteristics,
:19:10. > :19:14.which are then enhanced by careful craftsmanship.
:19:15. > :19:18.You can see where this leather then goes from these hides
:19:19. > :19:23.into a finished piece like this, which is our kid leather backpack.
:19:24. > :19:28.This is a cow leather, bovine leather,
:19:29. > :19:30.which we use for the straps, which you'll see is smoother
:19:31. > :19:33.and a bit thicker, and is better for that purpose.
:19:34. > :19:37.Well, may an old goat wish a new KID on the block all the very best!
:19:38. > :19:52.I'm in the Nene Valley, where nature is the key selling point
:19:53. > :19:56.for a ground-breaking new shopping park.
:19:57. > :19:58.So, before development, this was a mixture
:19:59. > :20:03.and this - the River Nene, that runs through the valley -
:20:04. > :20:06.was a vital transport link for all the industries
:20:07. > :20:13.Small-scale mining and brickworks left scars on the landscape.
:20:14. > :20:22.the old industrial gravel pits have become thriving wildlife habitats.
:20:23. > :20:25.I'm continuing my tour with Jane from the Wildlife Trust
:20:26. > :20:33.No hard hats required for this side of the construction.
:20:34. > :20:39.For you. Oh, thank you very much! SHE LAUGHS
:20:40. > :20:41.Get to work! I will - I'm not afraid to use it.
:20:42. > :20:43.I want to know what you're doing here.
:20:44. > :20:46.What's being dug? So, we're creating a number of scrapes today.
:20:47. > :20:49.What's a scrape? A scrape is a shallow hollow,
:20:50. > :20:53.because it won't hold water all year round...
:20:54. > :20:56.Yeah. ..so, the idea being that we're going to create
:20:57. > :20:59.different ones, different depths, different sizes,
:21:00. > :21:03.Some will dry out, some will keep wet all year.
:21:04. > :21:06.We have of series of these in this area
:21:07. > :21:08.that are really good for invertebrates.
:21:09. > :21:11.So, really good for water beetles, dragonfly larvae,
:21:12. > :21:15.Cos we've got a lot of lakes... Mm-hm.
:21:16. > :21:18...old gravel pits that were all created by the gravel extraction,
:21:19. > :21:21.but we don't have many areas that aren't connected to the river.
:21:22. > :21:25.But by having bits that are completely separate,
:21:26. > :21:28.we won't get fish in them, so really good for newts,
:21:29. > :21:32.that can lay their eggs in there, and have a happy life.
:21:33. > :21:34.And it's wonderful that you're doing this,
:21:35. > :21:36.and the wildlife will be here and having a great time,
:21:37. > :21:38.but also people will be able to enjoy it.
:21:39. > :21:41.Yes, the idea is we're keeping areas open,
:21:42. > :21:44.so where we've just walked through, and you've got all the orchids,
:21:45. > :21:47.clouds of butterflies, loads of damselflies - fabulous area -
:21:48. > :21:52.But there will also be areas that are secluded,
:21:53. > :21:55.that the wildlife can thrive on, and will benefit from that.
:21:56. > :21:58.How wonderful. So I think, you know, I should get stuck in.
:21:59. > :22:00.I think you should start digging, yes!
:22:01. > :22:06.I'm coming in - I'm going to give you a hand! Off you go!
:22:07. > :22:08.It's quite deep at that side, isn't it? It is.
:22:09. > :22:11.We don't want it the same depth all the way through,
:22:12. > :22:13.so we don't want a steep-sided square,
:22:14. > :22:18.so it's getting those different depths.
:22:19. > :22:24.VOICEOVER: Hang on a minute. I see what's going on here...
:22:25. > :22:27.How has this happened, where I'm actually the only person
:22:28. > :22:29.still digging in this pit and everybody else...?
:22:30. > :22:32.I've just got an audience. How am I doing, guys? Yeah?
:22:33. > :22:42.Joking aside, this lot are doing a great job
:22:43. > :22:49.A lot of these areas were previously out of bounds to the public,
:22:50. > :22:56.both the wildlife and the people flocking...
:22:57. > :23:01...taking them straight from the shops and into the countryside.
:23:02. > :23:03.It's going to open it up to so many children who wouldn't normally
:23:04. > :23:05.be able to be out here - and their parents, as well -
:23:06. > :23:08.that wouldn't normally come to a site like this. That's right.
:23:09. > :23:11.Rachel Steward is part of the team making this happen.
:23:12. > :23:14.So what's the plan for the nature trail around the lake?
:23:15. > :23:17.We're hoping people will come into our visitor centre.
:23:18. > :23:19.We're going to produce a guide for people,
:23:20. > :23:24.of different types of wildlife on there as stickers.
:23:25. > :23:27.Then children and families can go out around our nature loop,
:23:28. > :23:30.and along there, there's going to be 14 hidden sculptures,
:23:31. > :23:34.There are viewing platforms around there,
:23:35. > :23:38.So basically, you're going to have 14 sculptures
:23:39. > :23:41.all around the lakes... We are. ..for people to go and find
:23:42. > :23:44.that represent native species that live in this area.
:23:45. > :23:47.So we've got a giant three-metre grass snake,
:23:48. > :23:49.because they will catch prey in the ponds.
:23:50. > :23:53.We've got a barn owl looking down at a vole that it might be catching.
:23:54. > :23:56.It's wonderful to think that, right next to a retail park,
:23:57. > :24:00.you've got all this wildlife right there on the doorstep. Indeed.
:24:01. > :24:03.The sculptures all have a connection with the landscape,
:24:04. > :24:10.past and present, and the first one is about to go in.
:24:11. > :24:14.So, here it comes. The barge. Indeed.
:24:15. > :24:19.It depicts the industrial heritage of the site as well as the wildlife,
:24:20. > :24:21.and that's why we have the lakes here,
:24:22. > :24:27.And you can see how kids will be able to scramble over it,
:24:28. > :24:29.get under it, just really get involved.
:24:30. > :24:32.All the sculptures are wooden, so they're just really tactile,
:24:33. > :24:38.and we want people to be up close, looking at them and enjoying them.
:24:39. > :24:46.I think we need to test the climbing.
:24:47. > :25:00.Even if you're the least likely person
:25:01. > :25:03.to get into the great outdoors, and shopping is your thing,
:25:04. > :25:10.to inspire everybody to enjoy what the great British countryside
:25:11. > :25:23.Now, earlier, we heard how homelessness is growing
:25:24. > :25:29.Rough sleepers are often hidden from view and difficult to reach.
:25:30. > :25:33.But could a change in approach make a difference?
:25:34. > :25:46.Makeshift camps in woodlands, fields and outbuildings.
:25:47. > :25:49.Poor transport links and a lack of access to services.
:25:50. > :25:55.It all adds up to the misery facing the homeless in our rural areas...
:25:56. > :25:58.I couldnae survive another winter outside, I don't think.
:25:59. > :26:04...and the difficulties encountered by those trying to help.
:26:05. > :26:07.There are more than 6,000 households in England alone
:26:08. > :26:10.registered as being homeless in rural areas.
:26:11. > :26:14.That's why I've come to see one of the very few projects
:26:15. > :26:18.which is tailoring its services to the particular challenges
:26:19. > :26:22.of being homeless in the countryside.
:26:23. > :26:25.This is a working arable farm with a difference.
:26:26. > :26:32.a hostel that provides short-term crisis accommodation
:26:33. > :26:38.and helps them towards permanent housing.
:26:39. > :26:41.It is the vision of farmer's wife Suzanne Addicot
:26:42. > :26:51.This is our sitting room, communal room,
:26:52. > :27:01.and provides a home-like environment for the residents.
:27:02. > :27:05.Suzanne and her husband set it up with the local church outreach group
:27:06. > :27:10.There was nowhere that they could go.
:27:11. > :27:12.We didn't have a direct access hostel,
:27:13. > :27:15.and any hostels that they could go to were urban,
:27:16. > :27:21.but also a direct access hostel that people could come and live in.
:27:22. > :27:25.But it was still a real personal commitment for you both
:27:26. > :27:27.to decide, "Yeah, we'll have this on our doorstep."
:27:28. > :27:34.Yeah, so my background is working with people on the edge of society,
:27:35. > :27:37.that find it hard, and my husband was a farmer
:27:38. > :27:43.and always wanted to do something here to help people.
:27:44. > :27:45.And someone it did help is James Morrison.
:27:46. > :27:51.He feels his stay at the Dairy House
:27:52. > :27:58.Basically, got myself in a bit of trouble,
:27:59. > :28:03.done some sofa surfing for a little bit,
:28:04. > :28:08.and then found that the best place for me to be
:28:09. > :28:14.And how important is it to have places like this in a rural setting?
:28:15. > :28:18.This whole project has helped me massively. I had...
:28:19. > :28:20.There was a bit of a problem with drug addiction,
:28:21. > :28:25.so to be out here, rural location, has really helped.
:28:26. > :28:29.Not only does it take you away from temptations,
:28:30. > :28:34.but if I did have any troubles, I'd go off into the woods
:28:35. > :28:40.or I'd come out here and do some gardening.
:28:41. > :28:46.The Dairy House has council backing and provides services designed
:28:47. > :28:49.to support those in need in the countryside.
:28:50. > :28:53.At the moment, places like this are few and far between.
:28:54. > :29:00.A new law is coming into force next year that puts the responsibilities
:29:01. > :29:03.on councils for coming up with solutions in their area.
:29:04. > :29:07.But even with an injection of more than ?60 million
:29:08. > :29:11.in, will dumping the duty on councils work,
:29:12. > :29:17.when years of cuts have left them under-resourced and understaffed?
:29:18. > :29:20.Back with Corky, I'm visiting Doorway,
:29:21. > :29:23.his drop-in centre in Chippenham, Wiltshire.
:29:24. > :29:29.It's run by Lisa Lewis, so we're stepping outside
:29:30. > :29:32.to see what she makes of the new Homeless Reduction Act.
:29:33. > :29:38.how will that help, if it'll help at all?
:29:39. > :29:41.What they're going to look at is early intervention.
:29:42. > :29:43.So instead of waiting for people to actually hit the streets,
:29:44. > :29:46.it's about getting people into accommodation safely
:29:47. > :29:48.before they're actually out on the streets.
:29:49. > :29:50.But you're then putting all this pressure
:29:51. > :29:52.onto really strapped local authorities
:29:53. > :29:55.to actually be able to process all the applications
:29:56. > :29:59.and the assessments and actually find accommodation for people,
:30:00. > :30:05.but the money isn't there to back up what it's suggesting?
:30:06. > :30:09.Not currently. Because it's not just about giving somebody a room,
:30:10. > :30:13.They have to have an entire support package.
:30:14. > :30:17.There's not enough provision for drug and alcohol treatment,
:30:18. > :30:19.there's not enough provision for mental health.
:30:20. > :30:22.We're getting to the point where something has got to give.
:30:23. > :30:24.I have gone to too many funerals over the years now,
:30:25. > :30:29.and people will continue to die on the streets.
:30:30. > :30:34.Corky's life may be unconventional, but he's making the most of it.
:30:35. > :30:47.The people I've met over the last couple of days
:30:48. > :30:50.have really opened my eyes to what, I guess,
:30:51. > :30:52.is a hidden truth of rural life -
:30:53. > :30:55.lots of people are out sleeping rough.
:30:56. > :30:59.But it's a complex problem, with no simple solutions.
:31:00. > :31:03.The new law might help, but without the resources to back it up,
:31:04. > :31:07.will it really keep people like Corky safe for another night,
:31:08. > :31:18.Now, be it wild landscapes or adventurous animals,
:31:19. > :31:21.we want your response to the call of the wild
:31:22. > :31:25.in this year's photographic competition.
:31:26. > :31:28.And it's up to you to interpret that theme.
:31:29. > :31:31.What we're looking for, though, are stunning photographs,
:31:32. > :31:43.no matter what the weather, no matter what the season.
:31:44. > :31:46.We'll be looking at every one of the many thousands of entries
:31:47. > :31:49.that you send in and picking the very best
:31:50. > :31:54.which goes on sale later this year in aid of Children In Need.
:31:55. > :31:58.Buy one, and you'll get some amazing photos to look at on your wall
:31:59. > :32:05.And, of course, as usual, we'll have an overall winner, voted for by you,
:32:06. > :32:13.Not only will that picture grace the cover of our calendar,
:32:14. > :32:15.the winner will receive a voucher for ?1,000
:32:16. > :32:22.The person who takes the judges' favourite photo will receive
:32:23. > :32:27.a voucher for ?500, also to be spent on equipment.
:32:28. > :32:32.If you fancy a shot, why not send us your photos?
:32:33. > :32:35.We need your name, address and a contact number,
:32:36. > :32:40.with a note of where the picture was taken.
:32:41. > :32:54.Or you can enter online on our website.
:32:55. > :33:00.The competition closes at midnight on Friday 21st July.
:33:01. > :33:03.The full terms and conditions are on our website,
:33:04. > :33:18.of the BBC's code of conduct for competitions.
:33:19. > :33:23.and if you thought the hill farms there were all about sheep,
:33:24. > :33:29.Adam's at a farm where the livestock doesn't have the usual four legs -
:33:30. > :33:46.there will be around nine billion people on our planet.
:33:47. > :33:50.That's more mouths to feed and less land to grow food on.
:33:51. > :33:53.We could see the price of meat especially soar.
:33:54. > :33:59.So the race is on to find alternative sources of protein.
:34:00. > :34:02.This is Thringill, a classic Cumbrian hill farm,
:34:03. > :34:05.deep in the Mallerstang valley, to the east of the county.
:34:06. > :34:12.It's where the Bell family manages a flock of 500 ewes.
:34:13. > :34:14.Yet just past this lovely old farmhouse,
:34:15. > :34:19.is a farming enterprise that you wouldn't expect to find
:34:20. > :34:25.in the UK, let alone up here in Cumbria.
:34:26. > :34:27.The youngest of the two Bell brothers, Howard,
:34:28. > :34:35.Last year, he set up the UK's first edible cricket farm.
:34:36. > :34:37.Now, this looks like a very normal farm barn.
:34:38. > :34:39.We've got a quad bike, sheep dogs, lambs in the corner.
:34:40. > :34:41.Where's this unusual farming operation?
:34:42. > :34:45.Yeah, that's it. There's over a million crickets in there.
:34:46. > :34:56.Sounds like we're in a tropical jungle.
:34:57. > :34:59.That's right. So, Howard, why are you farming crickets?
:35:00. > :35:02.Well, over recent years, there's been increasing interest
:35:03. > :35:08.Oh, my word! There are thousands and thousands of crickets here.
:35:09. > :35:11.Look at them all. The noise of them running around on that cardboard.
:35:12. > :35:13.They're quite hoppy, aren't they? There's a few escaping.
:35:14. > :35:17.That's right. All livestock farmers incur the odd stray.
:35:18. > :35:20.It's a bit more jumpy than your Swaledale ewes.
:35:21. > :35:25.These have got about two weeks more growing to do.
:35:26. > :35:29.Shall we look at some bigger ones that are almost ready to eat? Yeah.
:35:30. > :35:43.Howard's crickets grow from eggs to oven-ready in less than 45 days.
:35:44. > :35:46.But selecting only the fattest and juiciest crickets
:35:47. > :35:54.The insects pop out through the gap, the live insects,
:35:55. > :35:58.and we find that any poorly, sick, lame and lazy crickets
:35:59. > :36:06.So every cricket that we process has managed to walk to its own doom!
:36:07. > :36:15.Almost sounds like a popcorn machine!
:36:16. > :36:20.and of course these are a little bit variable sized,
:36:21. > :36:23.crickets like these will be dried and processed into cricket flour.
:36:24. > :36:30.It's dried crickets, ground to a fine powder.
:36:31. > :36:33.And this is essentially an ingredient product,
:36:34. > :36:36.it can be used in a range of biscuits and cakes.
:36:37. > :36:43.And it imparts quite a nice nutty flavour to a range of foods.
:36:44. > :36:45.Incredible, isn't it? So it's just a fine powder.
:36:46. > :36:48.This is just a crushed-up cricket? That's right, yes.
:36:49. > :36:55.It's all right, isn't it? It's OK!
:36:56. > :36:59.These are the crickets before they're ground.
:37:00. > :37:02.These can be used in savoury dishes, for instance,
:37:03. > :37:05.in stir-fries and things, and Oriental cuisine,
:37:06. > :37:12.But they can be eaten quite readily just as they are.
:37:13. > :37:22.They're all right, aren't they? Tastes all right.
:37:23. > :37:27.I'll have another one! A bit moreish!
:37:28. > :37:29.No feelings of revulsion associated with it?
:37:30. > :37:33.It's not like, you know, chewing a great big grub, is it?
:37:34. > :37:35.It's quite a little, crunchy, nutty thing.
:37:36. > :37:42.Howard currently harvests and supplies
:37:43. > :37:46.more than 20kg of crickets every week to wholesalers in London.
:37:47. > :37:52.as health food stores and high-end restaurants get the BUG.
:37:53. > :37:56.I hear you're the man who cooks with crickets.
:37:57. > :38:00.One of his more local customers is chef Stephen Hill
:38:01. > :38:06.who specialises in protein-rich baked treats for athletes.
:38:07. > :38:09.There you go. Lovely, thank you very much.
:38:10. > :38:11.So it smells good. A little bit different to
:38:12. > :38:18.a normal sort of chocolate brownie. It is, yes.
:38:19. > :38:20.No, it's really nice! It is really nice!
:38:21. > :38:26.Yeah, I like it. I would never give something to somebody
:38:27. > :38:30.I can feel the energy running through my veins!
:38:31. > :38:36.Protein is the big element, the fact that it's 60% protein.
:38:37. > :38:41.If I can tap into a market which is dominated by
:38:42. > :38:45.instant energy, sugar-based energy, and if I can replace it
:38:46. > :38:47.with something which is much more sustainable,
:38:48. > :38:49.and environmentally more sustainable as well
:38:50. > :38:55.Well, it tastes good and the theory is right,
:38:56. > :38:58.but how are your customers enjoying it?
:38:59. > :39:03.and sent the kids out with sample batches
:39:04. > :39:06.and challenged them to get people to taste it.
:39:07. > :39:09.The batches that I produced for the three-day event
:39:10. > :39:15.had all gone Friday morning. Wonderful!
:39:16. > :39:19.that farming insects is a niche enterprise.
:39:20. > :39:23.But scientists now believe that insect protein could revolutionise
:39:24. > :39:29.livestock farming and drive down the price of animal feed.
:39:30. > :39:31.At this laboratory just outside York,
:39:32. > :39:34.scientists are looking at how fly larvae could become
:39:35. > :39:40.the next generation of food pellets for animals.
:39:41. > :39:44.So, Adrian, why are you thinking, then, using insects
:39:45. > :39:46.is a good idea to feed to farm animals?
:39:47. > :39:49.Insects are a great source of protein and we've got a real problem
:39:50. > :39:52.in getting enough protein to feed to animals.
:39:53. > :39:57.and we currently import into Europe from outside.
:39:58. > :39:59.That's not sustainable in the longer term.
:40:00. > :40:05.so we can effectively start up a new business producing insect protein.
:40:06. > :40:10.These are the black soldier fly and it's a tropical fly.
:40:11. > :40:13.From laying the eggs, the larvae will develop within 16 to 20 days.
:40:14. > :40:16.And that means that we can produce huge volumes,
:40:17. > :40:18.in contrast to crop production, for example,
:40:19. > :40:20.where we maybe only get one harvest per year.
:40:21. > :40:25.So this is a great choice of organism to take forward.
:40:26. > :40:29.But it's as pupae that the insects are at their juiciest.
:40:30. > :40:33.When they get to this stage, Adrian and his team dry and crush them.
:40:34. > :40:36.From this, they get three useful products -
:40:37. > :40:39.protein, oil, and a super-strong substance called chitin,
:40:40. > :40:47.and that can be manufactured into animal feed
:40:48. > :40:50.in much the same way as milled barley can,
:40:51. > :40:53.or maize, or whatever else you want to put into feeds.
:40:54. > :40:55.One of the other products is the oil.
:40:56. > :40:58.The oil's got a similar composition to palm oil, for example.
:40:59. > :41:01.So it could be used as a substitute. The main thing to say is that
:41:02. > :41:04.it's much more environmentally sustainable to produce
:41:05. > :41:07.than things that require huge amounts of land
:41:08. > :41:15.Now, chitin comes from the outer shell of the insects, so their skin.
:41:16. > :41:19.so it's used in things like bandages and wound dressings
:41:20. > :41:26.I think there are different aspects to this.
:41:27. > :41:29.A lot of the work we've done is trying to support smallholders
:41:30. > :41:34.so that they can produce protein to feed to their own animals.
:41:35. > :41:39.we've caught the attention of people who are wanting to invest
:41:40. > :41:41.significantly in this area and it's very likely
:41:42. > :41:45.this'll be a massive global industry.
:41:46. > :41:47.Insects are a hugely untapped resource.
:41:48. > :41:56.How exciting! From such a small and simple creature.
:41:57. > :41:59.Whilst farming insects may seem strange,
:42:00. > :42:01.there's no denying their versatility.
:42:02. > :42:06.an alternative source of protein for pigs and poultry,
:42:07. > :42:29.However, there's never even been a whiff
:42:30. > :42:42.to get the county represented on the UK's cheese map.
:42:43. > :42:46.Gary Bradshaw has taken a hobby and turned it into a business.
:42:47. > :42:49.His ode to Northamptonshire's shoemaking past,
:42:50. > :42:53.is currently the only cow's milk cheese
:42:54. > :43:01.he already seems to be onto a winner.
:43:02. > :43:04.Gary says he's not going to let me anywhere near the cheese process
:43:05. > :43:16.So prepare yourselves for extreme glamour!
:43:17. > :43:20.Right. I'm ready to understand about your cheese process, Gary.
:43:21. > :43:24.I can't believe there's not a cheese in this county!
:43:25. > :43:27.No, I couldn't believe it either. I've done quite a bit of research
:43:28. > :43:28.and I couldn't find any evidence of any.
:43:29. > :43:31.Making cheese for a hobby is one thing, Gary.
:43:32. > :43:33.How does it then becomes your livelihood? Why?
:43:34. > :43:36.I got made redundant twice in a year from the print trade.
:43:37. > :43:39.So I decided that I needed to do something different anyway.
:43:40. > :43:46.With my redundancy money, I went and bought a load of new equipment
:43:47. > :43:50.and started making cheese within about a month.
:43:51. > :43:53.Yeah. What a risk. Yes, it was a risk, yes.
:43:54. > :43:58.And now you're right on the dairy farm.
:43:59. > :44:03.and it comes from this pipe here straight into the vat.
:44:04. > :44:06.The milk travels through this pipe? Yes. Yes. That's brilliant!
:44:07. > :44:10.So the milking shed's over there and it comes through into here.
:44:11. > :44:13.Oh, this is... You couldn't get more local than this.
:44:14. > :44:15.No, it doesn't travel anywhere at all.
:44:16. > :44:17.So it's literally straight from the farm into here.
:44:18. > :44:25.Gary won't tell me all his secrets, but he assures me
:44:26. > :44:29.it's the liquid gold direct from the cows that's the key.
:44:30. > :44:31.We'll make a cheesemaker out of you yet!
:44:32. > :44:37.The fresh milk, combined with a short ageing process,
:44:38. > :44:42.gives the cheese its distinctive flavour and texture.
:44:43. > :44:48.Here it is in all its glory. Yes. So this is Cobbler's Nibble.
:44:49. > :44:52.How long are you supposed to keep the cheese? Three months.
:44:53. > :44:54.That's not that long, is it? That's young, yes.
:44:55. > :44:59.And I couldn't wait to sell it, basically!
:45:00. > :45:02.So I started selling it at three months and it is delicious
:45:03. > :45:04.and it's slightly different to other cheeses
:45:05. > :45:06.cos it has a slight acidic note to it.
:45:07. > :45:11.Shall we try it? Certainly can. We'll just stick a corer in here.
:45:12. > :45:20.So if you just work that between your fingers,
:45:21. > :45:22.cos you want to be eating it at room temperature.
:45:23. > :45:35.What would I say? It's somewhere between...
:45:36. > :45:38.It's not... It's a Wensleydale, Cheddary...
:45:39. > :45:41.Cheshire. Cheshire, exactly. Cheshire is what I was looking for.
:45:42. > :45:44.There you go, that's basically what we call it.
:45:45. > :45:46.We say it's in-between a Wensleydale and a Cheshire.
:45:47. > :45:49.Yeah, absolutely. I can still taste it, which is lovely.
:45:50. > :45:51.Yes, cos it's only young. That's a crowd pleaser.
:45:52. > :45:55.Yes. Definitely. Good, I'm glad you like it. Yeah.
:45:56. > :46:00.Much as I'd like to eat my way out of here,
:46:01. > :46:07.Let's get this product wedged firmly on the UK's cheese map,
:46:08. > :46:11.Here we go, folks. I have in front of me
:46:12. > :46:20.But will the people of Northamptonshire know
:46:21. > :46:24.that they've got their own Nibble to go crackers about?
:46:25. > :46:26.Who's up for the GRATE Cheese Challenge?
:46:27. > :46:28.BARKING Oh, the dog is!
:46:29. > :46:31.Madam, would you like to play the GRATE Cheese Challenge?
:46:32. > :46:35.What have you got to do? Come on, it's easy.
:46:36. > :46:50.You got one right! Did I? Yes, that's Wensleydale!
:46:51. > :46:53.The people are sniffing out famous ones,
:46:54. > :46:55.but no-one's got a nose for the Nibble!
:46:56. > :47:01.You did very well, actually. You got two out of four.
:47:02. > :47:06.It's your first-ever local cow's milk cheese, ever, ever, ever.
:47:07. > :47:20.It's a nice cheese, nice to have a Northamptonshire cheese, isn't it?
:47:21. > :47:26.Leicestershire has its Stilton, Yorkshire has its Wensleydale,
:47:27. > :47:30.and now Northamptonshire has its very own Cobbler's Nibble,
:47:31. > :47:37.Well, it's perfect weather for a picnic here today,
:47:38. > :47:40.but what's the rest of the week got in store?
:47:41. > :47:55.Here's the Countryfile forecast for the week ahead.
:47:56. > :48:02.Good evening. We have had quite a lot of dry and reasonably warm
:48:03. > :48:09.weather through the course of the weekend, particularly on Saturday.
:48:10. > :48:12.Sunday was more of a mixed picture. In Warwickshire there was blue sky
:48:13. > :48:17.and some cloud there, but there was a different picture in County
:48:18. > :48:23.Londonderry with outbreaks of rain there. I am going to show you the
:48:24. > :48:28.pressure pattern for the next five days so you can feel the unsettled
:48:29. > :48:32.weather. During the first part of the week we will see low pressure in
:48:33. > :48:36.the south and high pressure keeping things dry in the north. A ridge of
:48:37. > :48:42.high pressure in the middle part of the week and as we end the weak
:48:43. > :48:46.frontal systems move in from the north-west. The week looks pretty
:48:47. > :48:50.changeable. There will be spells of rain, welcome in many parts of the
:48:51. > :48:55.country, and the temperatures will be cooler than they have been. Still
:48:56. > :49:01.quite warm and muggy in southern areas as we go through the course of
:49:02. > :49:05.tonight. There will be some rain moving out of northern Ireland and
:49:06. > :49:11.the more central parts of Scotland into the North East of England. In
:49:12. > :49:16.the south it is 17 degrees overnight, 11 and 12 in the North.
:49:17. > :49:19.Tomorrow we have got that area of rain in eastern Scotland and North
:49:20. > :49:25.East England and elsewhere it will be a day of sunshine and showers.
:49:26. > :49:29.They will be heavy in eastern England, thundery with some hail.
:49:30. > :49:36.For the south of England and East Anglia, we could see some water on
:49:37. > :49:42.the roads. A better day to come in Northern Ireland. In the evening
:49:43. > :49:45.there is still the threat of heavy showers and thunderstorms and some
:49:46. > :49:50.torrential downpours in the east. They eased away, but it is still
:49:51. > :49:55.rather unsettled on Tuesday. High-pressure set out in the North
:49:56. > :50:00.West, keeping things dry here, but low-pressure approaches from the
:50:01. > :50:05.south-west. A rainy day to start the day on Tuesday and that pushes its
:50:06. > :50:10.weight eastwards. Heavy showers in Scotland and eastern England and
:50:11. > :50:14.more persistent rain heading into the South West. Largely dry and
:50:15. > :50:18.bright in Northern Ireland. Temperature is a bit cooler than
:50:19. > :50:22.they have been. Into Wednesday this area of low-pressure looks like it
:50:23. > :50:28.moves eastwards through the English Channel and that is likely to bring
:50:29. > :50:30.a spell of wet weather in the southern counties, particularly
:50:31. > :50:35.overnight into Wednesday, but then it clears away and much of the
:50:36. > :50:42.country is left with a largely dry day. Temperatures 16-22. That
:50:43. > :50:45.high-pressure is still around in the south-east on Thursday, but this
:50:46. > :50:49.front moves in from the north-west and it will bring a spell of wet
:50:50. > :50:58.weather heading south eastwards across the country. Temperatures
:50:59. > :51:02.16-24 on Thursday. Into Friday and we are between whether France, so we
:51:03. > :51:08.have this ridge of high pressure building in during the course of
:51:09. > :51:13.Friday, bringing in a more westerly influence, some breeze on Friday.
:51:14. > :51:15.Still quite a lot of dry weather and temperature is fairly typical of
:51:16. > :51:27.this time of year, 16-22. Butterflies are the embodiment
:51:28. > :51:35.of summer. Today, I'm looking not for the
:51:36. > :51:44.rarest or even the largest, The Purple Emperor -
:51:45. > :51:51.who, despite his regal beauty, is a bit of a bovver boy,
:51:52. > :51:57.with a disgusting appetite. Ever since Victorian times,
:51:58. > :52:01.this unlikely rebel has captivated people who go in search
:52:02. > :52:04.of butterflies. And today, here at Fermyn Woods
:52:05. > :52:07.Country Park, we're hoping that
:52:08. > :52:10.conditions are going to be ideal But first, we're going to have to
:52:11. > :52:14.tempt them down from the treetops
:52:15. > :52:18.where they live. This woodland has been carefully
:52:19. > :52:21.managed to provide an ideal habitat for butterflies, and I hear it's
:52:22. > :52:26.one of the best places in the UK But they're elusive creatures,
:52:27. > :52:32.so to attract them, conservationists Matthew Oates
:52:33. > :52:36.and Neil Hulme are laying on the smelliest
:52:37. > :52:40.of feasts. Well, welcome, John,
:52:41. > :52:45.to the Emperor's breakfast. So what have we got prepared
:52:46. > :52:47.for them here, then? John, we've got some really smelly
:52:48. > :52:50.stuff out today. We've got some tiny shrimp there,
:52:51. > :53:04.which smells particularly awful. Black pudding! Just for you!
:53:05. > :53:10.Every breakfast should have one. What do you think the chances are,
:53:11. > :53:13.then, of this appalling picnic Purple Emperors don't visit flowers,
:53:14. > :53:21.they're like tropical butterflies. They don't like nectar?
:53:22. > :53:23.They don't like nectar. They seek sustenance -
:53:24. > :53:26.minerals and liquid - from what we would regard as
:53:27. > :53:29.disgusting messes. Actually, their favourite food
:53:30. > :53:35.is fresh fox scat, fox poo. Male Purple Emperors need to take in
:53:36. > :53:38.the salts and minerals in this pungent spread in order to
:53:39. > :53:43.be able to breed. Another great favourite is
:53:44. > :53:50.actually sap, oak sap, So they get slightly plastered
:53:51. > :53:55.as a result, yeah! What, they're sort of drunken thugs,
:53:56. > :53:57.really? They get inebriated and violence
:53:58. > :54:02.breaks out on a regular basis. We see them attacking birds,
:54:03. > :54:04.not just other butterflies, This is probably part of the lure
:54:05. > :54:10.of the Purple Emperor, you've got Beauty and the Beast
:54:11. > :54:23.in one animal. Now, we'll just have to wait
:54:24. > :54:28.to see if they're hungry. What got you into this obsession you
:54:29. > :54:33.have with this strange butterfly? I collected them for three years
:54:34. > :54:37.and then, of course, the inevitable happened -
:54:38. > :54:40.the butterflies collected me towards the conservation of
:54:41. > :54:45.butterflies and their habitat And you both seem to have a lot of
:54:46. > :54:50.fun in pursuit of this butterfly! Well, this is the time of year,
:54:51. > :54:52.John, when all of the serious conservation
:54:53. > :54:56.work comes to an end. So this is just a time
:54:57. > :55:00.purely for enjoyment, And how does the Emperor compare?
:55:01. > :55:05.Is it like the Holy Grail? It drives people, really,
:55:06. > :55:10.to the point of insanity, I think it reaches the parts
:55:11. > :55:16.other butterflies don't reach and it fires up the mind,
:55:17. > :55:19.the imagination and the spirit. It's the one the old Victorian
:55:20. > :55:23.butterfly collectors And we should be grateful
:55:24. > :55:30.to those Victorian collectors. For these butterflies,
:55:31. > :55:34.their brief lives ended long ago. The Natural History Museum
:55:35. > :55:40.has collated information As Professor
:55:41. > :55:49.of Environmental Change, Tim Sparks says
:55:50. > :55:52.the data is invaluable. How is it, Tim, that butterflies in
:55:53. > :55:58.cases 100 years ago can now help research
:55:59. > :56:01.into climate change? Well, we have an army of people who
:56:02. > :56:05.are currently recording butterflies But before that,
:56:06. > :56:10.there are very few records. So these museum specimens allows us
:56:11. > :56:13.to take data back It'll be marked in these cases
:56:14. > :56:19.when they were captured? Yes, we know from the dates
:56:20. > :56:22.which are on those records From all the data, it would seem
:56:23. > :56:29.that butterflies emerged since the temperature has taken
:56:30. > :56:38.a small step upwards, butterflies have responded to that
:56:39. > :56:42.by flying 10 days, 14 days, Well, is there a danger, then,
:56:43. > :56:47.of things getting out of kilter? There is, because the butterflies
:56:48. > :56:50.and the plants on which they rely may not be changing
:56:51. > :56:53.at the same rates. And when things don't synchronise
:56:54. > :56:56.very well, that can have sad consequences for
:56:57. > :57:00.that particular butterfly species. And I suppose that could also
:57:01. > :57:02.reflect right across the natural
:57:03. > :57:05.environment? It does. In fact, this year
:57:06. > :57:08.Purple Emperors have put in their earliest appearance
:57:09. > :57:11.in about 130 years, Here's one who's accepted
:57:12. > :57:19.our invitation He's gorging away at that
:57:20. > :57:27.very stinky French cheese. That's a view you don't often get
:57:28. > :57:37.of the Purple Emperor. Well, I'm pretty impressed with
:57:38. > :57:43.the ones that I've seen. He's an object of beauty
:57:44. > :57:48.and fascination and wonder, Well, I'm going to let Matthew
:57:49. > :58:03.and Neil clean up this smelly mess, because I've saved a little treat
:58:04. > :58:07.for Anita. Lovely to see you.
:58:08. > :58:10.Where's this banquet? You're too late, I'm afraid,
:58:11. > :58:12.you missed it! What! I've brought you the cheese,
:58:13. > :58:16.Cobbler's Nibble. Very kind of you. But I've got you a little bit left
:58:17. > :58:18.from our banquet. Oh, that's pungent! I'm afraid
:58:19. > :58:26.that's all we've got time for from Northampton.
:58:27. > :58:28.Next week we'll be in Fife where Sean will be looking
:58:29. > :58:30.at the science behind the next generation
:58:31. > :58:33.of raspberries. And Ellie will be witnessing
:58:34. > :58:36.a summer seabird bonanza. Sounds great, doesn't it?
:58:37. > :58:38.We'll see you then. Keep that away from me, John Craven!
:58:39. > :59:10.Bye for now. BBC TWO reveals the bittersweet
:59:11. > :59:16.history of sugar. This is really a chance
:59:17. > :59:20.to create pure magic.