0:00:00 > 0:00:00- Subtitles
0:00:00 > 0:00:02- Subtitles- - Subtitles
0:00:06 > 0:00:09- Hello and a warm welcome to Ffermio.
0:00:09 > 0:00:13- On today's programme, - we take a look at the future.
0:00:14 > 0:00:19- First, when you're offered something - that's too good to be true...
0:00:19 > 0:00:21- ..most of the time it is.
0:00:21 > 0:00:24- We'll hear about - a group of criminals...
0:00:24 > 0:00:27- ..who target - and take advantage of farmers.
0:00:35 > 0:00:39- Also on the programme, Daloni - visits Llanarmon Dyffryn Ceiriog...
0:00:40 > 0:00:43- ..to see a family who are building - for the next generation.
0:00:44 > 0:00:46- I like a challenge.
0:00:46 > 0:00:49- It's worth getting up - in the morning for a challenge.
0:00:50 > 0:00:53- Alun will be at IBERS, - Aberystwyth University...
0:00:54 > 0:00:58- ..to hear about the latest research - into stock efficiency.
0:00:58 > 0:01:01- I'm from an agricultural background.
0:01:01 > 0:01:05- I understand the need - for research and improvement.
0:01:11 > 0:01:14- I have a warning - for the rural community.
0:01:14 > 0:01:19- Groups of criminals are targeting - farmers offering good money...
0:01:19 > 0:01:23- ..to store products - that look similar to silage bales.
0:01:23 > 0:01:27- Having said that, it's not - animal feed but illegal waste...
0:01:27 > 0:01:31- ..which could prove costly - for the farmer and the environment.
0:01:33 > 0:01:40- Solicitor Aled Owen has been dealing - with some of the affected farmers.
0:01:42 > 0:01:46- There are people out there - trying to take advantage of farmers.
0:01:47 > 0:01:50- If someone gets this material - on their land...
0:01:50 > 0:01:54- ..they could be open to prosecution - by Natural Resources Wales...
0:01:55 > 0:01:59- ..and possibly local government - under planning law.
0:01:59 > 0:02:02- What attracts the farmers to this?
0:02:02 > 0:02:05- The farmers aren't attracted - by the nature of the material.
0:02:06 > 0:02:08- The material is totally illegal.
0:02:08 > 0:02:11- They are attracted by the money.
0:02:11 > 0:02:15- They are offered - a generous contract.
0:02:15 > 0:02:21- It guarantees - a considerable monthly income...
0:02:21 > 0:02:24- ..especially in these hard times.
0:02:24 > 0:02:28- As a result, they are drawn - into an illegal situation...
0:02:29 > 0:02:31- ..often without their knowledge.
0:02:32 > 0:02:36- There is a possibility - of hiding this material...
0:02:36 > 0:02:40- ..within the agricultural community.
0:02:40 > 0:02:45- At first glance, the material - looks like some kind of haystack.
0:02:45 > 0:02:51- Actually, it's illegal material - that can rot, catch fire...
0:02:51 > 0:02:57- ..or cause liquid - to seep out into the ground.
0:02:58 > 0:03:03- It can cause problems, - especially during the summer.
0:03:03 > 0:03:09- It's wet now, but in the summer - as the stacks become warmer...
0:03:09 > 0:03:11- ..they could ignite...
0:03:12 > 0:03:15- ..which could cause damage - and affect many people.
0:03:16 > 0:03:20- If a farmer is offered this kind of - deal, what is your advice to them?
0:03:21 > 0:03:23- Basically, say no.
0:03:24 > 0:03:28- If they've already taken - the material onto their land...
0:03:28 > 0:03:32- ..I'd advise them - to speak with a solicitor...
0:03:32 > 0:03:35- ..or to their local - union representative.
0:03:36 > 0:03:39- They can even speak - with the Environment Agency.
0:03:44 > 0:03:46- Before Christmas...
0:03:46 > 0:03:50- ..Farming Connect held an open day - in the Cothi Valley.
0:03:50 > 0:03:56- The theme of the day was finding - the best way of finishing lambs.
0:03:58 > 0:04:03- Aberbranddu is a 850-acre farm - in Cwrtycadno near Pumsaint.
0:04:04 > 0:04:07- Irwel Jones farms here - with his father, Eirwyn.
0:04:08 > 0:04:12- They keep just over 1,000 sheep - and 50 cattle.
0:04:12 > 0:04:14- The land rises to 1,200 feet.
0:04:14 > 0:04:17- Since September, in conjunction - with Farming Connect...
0:04:18 > 0:04:22- ..they are conducting an experiment - into five finishing systems...
0:04:22 > 0:04:24- ..in order to improve efficiency.
0:04:24 > 0:04:28- The experiment has gone quite well.
0:04:28 > 0:04:32- We have finished some lambs - and left others.
0:04:32 > 0:04:37- We are looking at the old - traditional pasture that we have...
0:04:38 > 0:04:40- ..and new reseeded pasture.
0:04:40 > 0:04:43- There's also a rape - and Italian ryegrass mix...
0:04:44 > 0:04:47- ..and housed lambs - fed with concentrates.
0:04:47 > 0:04:51- Finally, we have lambs being fed - concentrates out in the fields.
0:04:51 > 0:04:54- We wanted to take a good look...
0:04:55 > 0:04:59- ..and work out the costs - for each option.
0:04:59 > 0:05:03- We could then decide what system - is the best way of finishing lambs.
0:05:04 > 0:05:06- We also sold some as store lambs.
0:05:06 > 0:05:09- We wanted to get a base value.
0:05:09 > 0:05:11- It could...
0:05:12 > 0:05:16- Traditionally, farmers would want - to finish all their lambs.
0:05:16 > 0:05:18- It's something we are used to doing.
0:05:18 > 0:05:23- It might be better for us to sell - them on for someone else to finish.
0:05:23 > 0:05:29- We can then use that pasture - to improve our ewes and lambs.
0:05:29 > 0:05:32- It will also save us money.
0:05:32 > 0:05:36- We had a problem with the rape - - it didn't work for us this year.
0:05:36 > 0:05:38- We'll try it again next year...
0:05:38 > 0:05:42- ..because you can't take the results - from just one year.
0:05:42 > 0:05:45- That crop - didn't fatten many lambs...
0:05:45 > 0:05:48- ..but on the whole, - the other results were as expected.
0:05:48 > 0:05:53- The new pasture performed best - and was the cheapest.
0:05:54 > 0:05:57- Housed lambs fed with cake - performed best..
0:05:57 > 0:06:00- ..but that was - the most expensive method.
0:06:00 > 0:06:03- We came to the conclusion...
0:06:03 > 0:06:07- ..that using bought-in concentrates - or cake...
0:06:07 > 0:06:12- ..is the option of last resort - and that pasture is best.
0:06:13 > 0:06:16- Farming Connect - organized the event...
0:06:16 > 0:06:19- ..with the aim - of helping farmers in the area.
0:06:20 > 0:06:22- This is Irwel's first project...
0:06:22 > 0:06:26- ..as a demonstration farmer - with Farming Connect.
0:06:26 > 0:06:28- It's a new challenge - for the family...
0:06:29 > 0:06:32- ..in addition to their - everyday work on the farm.
0:06:32 > 0:06:33- We're grateful to them.
0:06:34 > 0:06:37- We'll also be discussing - different crops today...
0:06:38 > 0:06:43- ..and the various ways of managing - those crops for grazing and so on.
0:06:43 > 0:06:46- Irwel is part of - the Pumsaint discussion group.
0:06:46 > 0:06:51- One focus for them is ensuring sheep - have the correct nutrition...
0:06:51 > 0:06:52- ..at lambing time.
0:06:53 > 0:06:56- As lambing season - will soon be upon us...
0:06:56 > 0:07:00- ..we'll be discussing - the importance of giving sheep...
0:07:00 > 0:07:03- ..the correct feed - at the correct time...
0:07:03 > 0:07:06- ..to ensure their lambs - get the best start in life.
0:07:06 > 0:07:08- We have plenty of information today.
0:07:08 > 0:07:13- Irwel has worked closely with - sheep consultant Lesley Stubbings.
0:07:14 > 0:07:17- With lambing season on the horizon, - what is her advice?
0:07:17 > 0:07:22- I think the main message for farmers - is that this last year, 2016...
0:07:22 > 0:07:24- ..has been a difficult season.
0:07:24 > 0:07:29- If we look at analyses for hay and - silage, they are extremely variable.
0:07:29 > 0:07:31- The first thing - I would say to farmers...
0:07:32 > 0:07:34- ..is please - get your forage analysed.
0:07:35 > 0:07:37- Find out what your forage is worth.
0:07:37 > 0:07:39- Maybe it's not as good - as you thought.
0:07:39 > 0:07:42- At least then - you can get the right supplement.
0:07:42 > 0:07:46- If it's better than you thought, - you'll save yourself money.
0:07:47 > 0:07:48- That's the first point.
0:07:48 > 0:07:53- Get a diet based on the forage and - use the forage as far as you can...
0:07:53 > 0:07:56- ..and keep the body condition - on your ewes.
0:07:56 > 0:08:00- The day has been comprehensive, - but what do the farmers think?
0:08:01 > 0:08:02- It's been a great day.
0:08:02 > 0:08:05- It's a great opportunity - for students...
0:08:05 > 0:08:09- ..to learn about various methods - of finishing lambs.
0:08:09 > 0:08:13- We've come to this beautiful area - to learn about finishing lambs...
0:08:13 > 0:08:18- ..and how to be aware - of the different associated costs.
0:08:18 > 0:08:22- The clear responses we have been - given today have been excellent.
0:08:23 > 0:08:24- At the end of the day...
0:08:25 > 0:08:29- ..we discussed feeding the sheep, - which we'll be doing now.
0:08:29 > 0:08:31- That was very good.
0:08:31 > 0:08:35- We knew that Irwel was using - very little concentrate...
0:08:35 > 0:08:38- ..but that protein levels were high.
0:08:39 > 0:08:42- We've been happy - just to look into it in the past...
0:08:43 > 0:08:46- ..but now we're ready - to put it into practice.
0:08:46 > 0:08:49- The most important thing - to take on board...
0:08:49 > 0:08:53- ..is that farmers should experiment - on their own farms.
0:08:54 > 0:08:55- The results on one farm...
0:08:56 > 0:08:59- ..won't necessarily be the same - on another farm.
0:08:59 > 0:09:04- Everyone should try and find out the - best methods to use on their farm.
0:09:05 > 0:09:07- It's been a very interesting day.
0:09:07 > 0:09:12- The aim was to show the five - different ways of finishing lambs...
0:09:13 > 0:09:16- ..selling store lambs - and four other methods.
0:09:16 > 0:09:18- It was very interesting.
0:09:18 > 0:09:21- Fair play to Irwel - for taking on the project.
0:09:21 > 0:09:23- He has worked very hard.
0:09:23 > 0:09:28- He has done the work and has all - the information - figures, weights.
0:09:29 > 0:09:32- I'm sure everyone - has benefited from today.
0:09:33 > 0:09:37- Farming Connect will hold - the 2017 Wales Farmers' Forum...
0:09:37 > 0:09:40- ..on 2 February - at the Hafod a Hendre building...
0:09:40 > 0:09:44- ..at the Royal Welsh Showground - in Llanelwedd.
0:09:44 > 0:09:47- For more information - and to book a place...
0:09:47 > 0:09:49- ..visit the Farming Connect website.
0:09:50 > 0:09:51- That's all for this part.
0:09:52 > 0:09:56- After the break, Daloni visits - cattle and sheep farmers...
0:09:56 > 0:10:00- ..in the Ceiriog Valley - who have started a new venture.
0:10:00 > 0:10:01- Don't go away!
0:10:01 > 0:10:01- .
0:10:08 > 0:10:08- Subtitles
0:10:08 > 0:10:10- Subtitles- - Subtitles
0:10:13 > 0:10:14- Welcome back.
0:10:14 > 0:10:18- A new year means - a chance to make a fresh start.
0:10:18 > 0:10:22- One family in the Ceiriog Valley - is doing just that.
0:10:22 > 0:10:24- Daloni has the story.
0:10:31 > 0:10:34- Tuhwntirafon Farm - near Llanarmon Dyffryn Ceiriog...
0:10:34 > 0:10:37- ..is owned by Rheinallt - and Liz Hughes...
0:10:37 > 0:10:40- ..and their children Caryl and Iwan.
0:10:40 > 0:10:45- It's a 660 acre farm with - 1,200 sheep and 20 suckler cattle.
0:10:47 > 0:10:51- I was born here and I'm the - fourth generation to farm here.
0:10:52 > 0:10:57- Our suckler cattle - are Limousin crossed with Friesian.
0:10:59 > 0:11:02- They take a Belgian Blue bull...
0:11:02 > 0:11:08- ..and we sell the calves - at a year old in Oswestry or Ruthin.
0:11:08 > 0:11:09- You have plenty of sheep.
0:11:09 > 0:11:11- You have plenty of sheep.- - Mostly Welsh Mountain ewes.
0:11:12 > 0:11:17- 600 of them are exposed - to Welsh Mountain rams...
0:11:17 > 0:11:21- ..with the rest given - a Blue-faced ram.
0:11:21 > 0:11:24- Unfortunately, this year...
0:11:24 > 0:11:29- ..there hasn't been much of a market - for small Welsh Mountain lambs.
0:11:30 > 0:11:34- It's a struggle - to get even 50 for one.
0:11:34 > 0:11:38- But the tourist season - now lasts the whole year.
0:11:39 > 0:11:41- Yes, we've diversified.
0:11:41 > 0:11:45- We've turned the two outhouses - into cottages.
0:11:46 > 0:11:50- It's a long-term plan.
0:11:51 > 0:11:56- We hope it helps the farm - in the future.
0:11:56 > 0:11:59- Caryl will be helping with that.
0:11:59 > 0:12:04- Caryl has decided she wants to come - home to help her father on the farm.
0:12:06 > 0:12:09- Iwan is also 22 years old.
0:12:09 > 0:12:15- He works two days a week on a farm - in Llanrhaeadr-ym-Mochnant.
0:12:16 > 0:12:18- Otherwise he's at home too.
0:12:19 > 0:12:22- It's important - for the youngsters to go out...
0:12:23 > 0:12:25- ..and experience - what else is out there.
0:12:26 > 0:12:29- We have to try and open the doors...
0:12:29 > 0:12:33- ..for these youngsters - to make their way in the world.
0:12:36 > 0:12:40- After studying Agriculture - at Aberystwyth University...
0:12:40 > 0:12:44- ..Caryl was the first person - to win the Llyndy-Isaf Scholarship.
0:12:45 > 0:12:49- It's a National Trust Scholarship - which awards the winner...
0:12:49 > 0:12:53- ..the chance to run a farm - in Nant Gwynant for a year.
0:12:54 > 0:12:59- Caryl has just agreed to become the - tenant farmer of a 300 acre farm...
0:12:59 > 0:13:02- ..near her home - for the next three years.
0:13:02 > 0:13:05- She is looking forward - to farming at Berllan Helyg.
0:13:08 > 0:13:11- You're farming at home - at the moment, Caryl.
0:13:11 > 0:13:13- I've been back for about a year.
0:13:13 > 0:13:17- Now I've joined the partnership - and taking it more serious.
0:13:17 > 0:13:20- As a partner, you've been able - to take on a local tenancy.
0:13:21 > 0:13:24- I had come home but, ultimately, - the farm isn't big enough...
0:13:25 > 0:13:27- ..to support me, - my brother and my parents.
0:13:28 > 0:13:30- This was a chance for expansion.
0:13:30 > 0:13:33- It was a chance to increase - our land holding and find more work.
0:13:34 > 0:13:36- Where are we, exactly?
0:13:36 > 0:13:37- This is Berllan Helyg.
0:13:37 > 0:13:40- It's four and a half miles - from Tuhwntirafon...
0:13:40 > 0:13:43- ..down the Ceiriog Valley - near Tregeiriog.
0:13:43 > 0:13:46- It's a very similar farm - to Tuhwntirafon.
0:13:46 > 0:13:49- It's a 300 acre farm.
0:13:49 > 0:13:52- You are the tenant farmer here - since the new year.
0:13:53 > 0:13:56- Yes, my name is on the tenancy - papers for the next three years.
0:13:57 > 0:13:59- What are your plans for the place?
0:13:59 > 0:14:01- What are your plans for the place?- - I started by buying 500 ewes.
0:14:01 > 0:14:06- Older ewes to start with, - to build a flock at a lower price.
0:14:06 > 0:14:07- Welsh Mountain ewes?
0:14:07 > 0:14:08- Welsh Mountain ewes?- - Yes, purebred ones.
0:14:08 > 0:14:11- They've been given - a Blue-faced ram...
0:14:11 > 0:14:14- ..and we're looking - to build a flock of Mules.
0:14:14 > 0:14:18- We'll keep a percentage and sell - the rest along with the ram lambs.
0:14:18 > 0:14:21- You have the support - of your parents.
0:14:21 > 0:14:23- Without them, I couldn't do it.
0:14:23 > 0:14:27- The start-up costs of buying those - 500 ewes and monthly rent is huge.
0:14:28 > 0:14:31- It's a huge outlay - in the first year...
0:14:31 > 0:14:35- ..without a great return initially.
0:14:35 > 0:14:39- You've been to New Zealand and - Norway. Where else have you been?
0:14:39 > 0:14:43- I spent a year at Llyndy-Isaf, - Nant Gwynant, of course.
0:14:43 > 0:14:46- It was a great experience, - if quite similar.
0:14:46 > 0:14:49- It was really useful learning - how to run a farm all on my own.
0:14:51 > 0:14:55- I started the scholarship unsure - whether I wanted to be a farmer.
0:14:55 > 0:14:59- I was also thinking about - other options within agriculture.
0:14:59 > 0:15:03- After spending a year doing that, - I decided that full-time farming...
0:15:03 > 0:15:06- ..was the future for me - and that I wanted to come home.
0:15:14 > 0:15:15- Are these your new sheep?
0:15:15 > 0:15:17- Yes, 500 of them.
0:15:18 > 0:15:20- We're checking them all out now.
0:15:20 > 0:15:22- They are all older ewes.
0:15:22 > 0:15:27- We want to give them all a chance. - Some of the smaller ones are older.
0:15:27 > 0:15:32- They get put to one side - so we can give them a bit more feed.
0:15:32 > 0:15:36- We have to make sure they are in - good condition at this time of year.
0:15:36 > 0:15:38- You're getting to know them.
0:15:38 > 0:15:42- This is the second time we've - brought them in since buying them.
0:15:42 > 0:15:47- We're taking a look at them - after a period on some rich pasture.
0:15:47 > 0:15:50- We'll be scanning them - in about a month's time.
0:15:50 > 0:15:52- We want to check - they are in good order...
0:15:53 > 0:15:55- ..by checking their teeth - and their feet.
0:15:56 > 0:15:58- Does Rheinallt do as he is told?
0:15:59 > 0:16:00- He's not bad.
0:16:00 > 0:16:01- He does listen.
0:16:01 > 0:16:07- Mum has taught him well to listen - and I've taken her place now.
0:16:07 > 0:16:09- She's pleased, Rheinallt.
0:16:19 > 0:16:22- With so many changes afoot - in the agricultural world...
0:16:22 > 0:16:25- ..are Caryl and Rheinallt - confident about the future?
0:16:26 > 0:16:31- This chance has come - at a good time for Caryl.
0:16:31 > 0:16:35- Yes. You have to grab it - because such chances are rare.
0:16:38 > 0:16:42- Farms of this size in this area - don't become available very often.
0:16:45 > 0:16:49- It's crucial that young people - like Caryl and Iwan...
0:16:49 > 0:16:53- ..are given the opportunity - to farm the land on these hills.
0:16:53 > 0:16:56- We want them here to keep - Wales looking like this...
0:16:57 > 0:16:59- ..for the foreseeable future.
0:16:59 > 0:17:02- Are you ready for the - challenges of the future, Caryl?
0:17:02 > 0:17:06- I like to wake up in the morning - with a challenge ahead of me.
0:17:07 > 0:17:12- This is quite a challenge to start - with. I hope I cope with it.
0:17:12 > 0:17:15- I'm sure I will, with some support.
0:17:15 > 0:17:20- It is a challenge, but a good one, - and a great opportunity.
0:17:26 > 0:17:30- Research has always been - a crucial part of agriculture.
0:17:31 > 0:17:34- It's crucial for moving - your business forward...
0:17:34 > 0:17:38- ..helping to streamline and improve - farming techniques effectively.
0:17:38 > 0:17:42- Alun has been - to Aberystwyth University...
0:17:42 > 0:17:44- ..to see the recent developments.
0:17:45 > 0:17:50- Here at the Institute of Biological, - Environmental and Rural Sciences...
0:17:51 > 0:17:55- ..research is being done - in partnership with YFC Wales...
0:17:56 > 0:17:59- ..to learn more about rumen fluke.
0:17:59 > 0:18:03- It's a parasite - that affects cattle and sheep.
0:18:04 > 0:18:07- The man leading the study - is Rhys Jones...
0:18:07 > 0:18:11- ..a postgraduate student - at the university.
0:18:11 > 0:18:13- I've been in Aberystwyth since 2010.
0:18:13 > 0:18:17- I did my degree - in Agriculture and Animal Husbandry.
0:18:17 > 0:18:19- I then did my masters degree.
0:18:19 > 0:18:23- As part of those courses, - I'd always enjoyed research.
0:18:23 > 0:18:26- As I was finishing my masters...
0:18:26 > 0:18:30- ..the chance came - to study this new field.
0:18:30 > 0:18:34- Rumen fluke was becoming noteworthy.
0:18:35 > 0:18:40- It was a project I thought I'd enjoy - that might benefit Welsh farmers.
0:18:41 > 0:18:45- Tell us about your research process.
0:18:45 > 0:18:51- Firstly, the important element - in rumen fluke's life cycle...
0:18:51 > 0:18:55- ..and in the life cycle - of liver fluke is the mud snail.
0:18:55 > 0:18:58- This is the fluke's vector - on the field.
0:18:58 > 0:19:01- They're found in wet areas.
0:19:01 > 0:19:05- That's why these parasites - are connected to wet areas and rain.
0:19:05 > 0:19:08- They're very small snails.
0:19:09 > 0:19:11- They are less than one centimetre - in length.
0:19:12 > 0:19:15- The eggs hatch - and infect the snails.
0:19:15 > 0:19:16- Within six weeks...
0:19:16 > 0:19:22- ..one fluke can increase its numbers - by 500 times in the snail.
0:19:23 > 0:19:26- That's what makes this parasite - such a problem.
0:19:26 > 0:19:31- It's very effective for developing - and increasing their numbers.
0:19:32 > 0:19:35- These are the adult parasites.
0:19:35 > 0:19:37- The pink ones are rumen fluke.
0:19:37 > 0:19:42- These infect the rumen, - as the name suggests.
0:19:42 > 0:19:46- They can pupate - thousands of larvae every day.
0:19:47 > 0:19:50- Again, they're very good - at reproducing.
0:19:50 > 0:19:54- You've got an example here of what - the farmer adds to the process.
0:19:54 > 0:19:57- Yes, these parasites lay eggs.
0:19:57 > 0:20:01- They are spread on the fields - by faeces.
0:20:02 > 0:20:06- This is the only way to test - for rumen fluke in animals.
0:20:06 > 0:20:08- According to Rhys Jones...
0:20:08 > 0:20:11- ..of the farmers - who contributed to the study...
0:20:11 > 0:20:14- ..only half - had even heard of the disease.
0:20:15 > 0:20:18- When the veterinary results - were returned...
0:20:19 > 0:20:22- ..61% of the stock tested - were infected.
0:20:22 > 0:20:25- Rhys' tutor is Dr Hefin Williams.
0:20:26 > 0:20:31- The story of this parasite - is one of movement.
0:20:31 > 0:20:36- It's been around in France - for around 20 years.
0:20:36 > 0:20:40- They are aware of it in both the - Irish Republic and Northern Ireland.
0:20:41 > 0:20:46- They are increasing their efforts - into research of the parasite.
0:20:47 > 0:20:51- In a way, this project is a part - of increasing awareness...
0:20:51 > 0:20:55- ..and the need, in terms of the - results, to move on in Wales...
0:20:55 > 0:20:57- ..and the rest of the UK.
0:20:57 > 0:21:00- Is there any information - coming out...
0:21:01 > 0:21:06- ..about the possible economic - effects on animals for the farmer?
0:21:07 > 0:21:11- Yes, a study has been published - in the last year.
0:21:11 > 0:21:17- It shows that there's an effect - on the growth of bullocks...
0:21:17 > 0:21:23- ..in terms of the final weight - the bullocks reach...
0:21:23 > 0:21:26- ..and the fat they put on.
0:21:26 > 0:21:30- In terms of a comparison to control - groups clear of rumen fluke...
0:21:31 > 0:21:34- ..there was a significant - difference between them.
0:21:38 > 0:21:43- Research is at its best - when it has a practical purpose.
0:21:43 > 0:21:47- Dafydd Besent from Penmaen Isa Farm - in Pennal near Machynlleth...
0:21:47 > 0:21:50- ..has contributed information - to this research.
0:21:51 > 0:21:53- I'm heading to see him next.
0:21:57 > 0:22:03- Were you aware - of this particular disease already?
0:22:03 > 0:22:06- No, not really. - I'd heard mention of it in passing.
0:22:06 > 0:22:09- I didn't think it was a problem.
0:22:10 > 0:22:14- What did you have to do practically - in terms of offering information?
0:22:15 > 0:22:17- I had to take faecal samples - from the cattle.
0:22:17 > 0:22:22- I don't remember exactly how many, - but I think it was about 12 cattle.
0:22:22 > 0:22:23- Only cattle or did you do sheep too?
0:22:23 > 0:22:25- Only cattle or did you do sheep too?- - I did both, yes.
0:22:26 > 0:22:29- Did the result surprise you?
0:22:30 > 0:22:31- Yes.
0:22:31 > 0:22:34- There was a bit of rumen fluke - in all of them.
0:22:36 > 0:22:39- I'm not sure - if it was a problem or not.
0:22:39 > 0:22:41- It didn't show on the animals.
0:22:41 > 0:22:42- Well, as far as you know.
0:22:43 > 0:22:45- What instructions did you get then?
0:22:46 > 0:22:48- What could you do, practically?
0:22:48 > 0:22:51- Because we have dairy cattle...
0:22:51 > 0:22:53- .oxyclozanide - is the easiest to use.
0:22:53 > 0:22:55- The withdrawal is less.
0:22:55 > 0:22:59- I used that - because it treats it well.
0:23:00 > 0:23:02- I'm from an agricultural background.
0:23:03 > 0:23:07- I understand the need for research - and the need for us to improve.
0:23:09 > 0:23:15- As a scientist at IBERS, I have a - chance to help and do the research.
0:23:17 > 0:23:23- I hope that a lot of farmers will be - glad to see the results we've found.
0:23:26 > 0:23:28- That's it for this week.
0:23:28 > 0:23:31- We'll be back - at the same time next week.
0:23:31 > 0:23:33- Until then, thanks for your company.
0:23:33 > 0:23:34- Goodbye.
0:23:50 > 0:23:52- S4C Subtitles by Testun Cyf.
0:23:52 > 0:23:53- .