:00:26. > :00:30.Hello, and a very warm welcome to Landward. It's hard to believe that
:00:30. > :00:35.ten days from now is Christmas Eve. I'm on my way to Arran where later
:00:35. > :00:38.in the programme, I'll meet another artisan beer producer. In a moment,
:00:38. > :00:42.I'll be visiting a state of the art centre to train the next generation
:00:42. > :00:50.of mariners. But first, here's what else is coming up on the programme.
:00:50. > :00:54.A day in the life of a busy rural airport. Some of the communities
:00:54. > :00:58.are quite well and by providing this service, it enables them to
:00:58. > :01:02.get easy access to the mainland. tell the story of a heroic but
:01:02. > :01:05.little-known Aberdeenshire mountaineer.
:01:06. > :01:12.Alexander Kellas was regarded by the mountaineering establishment as
:01:12. > :01:19.the tormented hero of that year. -- top mountaineer. And bushman
:01:19. > :01:23.Patrick McGlinchey takes us down to the woods. I am making a woodland
:01:23. > :01:27.read for Christmas time and this will is just what I need. It can
:01:27. > :01:31.take 20 years of training and experience to make it to the top of
:01:31. > :01:34.the Maritime food chain. To become a Master in the merchant navy takes
:01:34. > :01:36.a lot of dedication. But a new high-tech facility in Peterhead is
:01:37. > :01:46.set to provide the right environment for the next generation
:01:47. > :01:48.
:01:48. > :01:52.of mariners to learn. Peterhead is one of the busiest
:01:52. > :02:00.harbours and Scotland. It services the fishing industry and the North
:02:00. > :02:04.Sea of Ireland gas industry. Over the next few decades, many it of
:02:04. > :02:14.the Mariners selling in and out of Peterhead will have been trained
:02:14. > :02:15.
:02:15. > :02:20.here in the harbour. -- for oil and gas industry. An opportunity arose
:02:20. > :02:24.to buy this building from Aberdeenshire council and to
:02:24. > :02:28.refurbish it to relocate or training within the harbour. It is
:02:28. > :02:34.the perfect location. What industries are you training
:02:34. > :02:39.students to work in? We provide a route into fishing for 16-year-old
:02:39. > :02:43.leaving school, and also for those fishermen who need to come back to
:02:43. > :02:52.the train. We also trained for people wanting to going to the
:02:53. > :02:57.merchant marine fleet. It makes perfect sense to have the Academy
:02:57. > :03:02.in the harbour area, not just for the practical point of view but
:03:02. > :03:07.from the learning point of view. This man is an unstuck at the
:03:07. > :03:17.Academy. He believes the vocation of the building it is vital to the
:03:17. > :03:18.
:03:18. > :03:26.learning experience of the students also up -- and at instructor close-
:03:26. > :03:36.up we have everything on our doorstep. We can actually chart all
:03:36. > :03:38.
:03:38. > :03:42.the votes coming in and out of the harbour. -- boats. There is a real
:03:42. > :03:46.advantage to learning here? idea before was to get your nose
:03:47. > :03:52.into the book and then pass the exam. Here, you can actually see it
:03:52. > :03:57.and it is just phenomenal. It was previously just a case of sitting
:03:57. > :04:01.in the room. These students are training to be merchant navy deck
:04:01. > :04:08.hands. They have to start at the bottom and flair and seamanship
:04:08. > :04:18.schools which have been around for centuries. This is the role
:04:18. > :04:20.
:04:20. > :04:25.splicing class. It is great. It is good. I am earning a lot and that
:04:25. > :04:31.is the main thing. What about this place being right in the harbour in
:04:31. > :04:38.Peterhead? It makes a big difference. You can see ships
:04:38. > :04:43.coming in and out. The academy will see in excess of 6000 students be
:04:43. > :04:51.here alongside other expedients Mariners working towards senior
:04:51. > :04:56.positions. They can hold their skills on this high-tech simulator.
:04:56. > :05:01.The scenario we will go through today it is there will be a man
:05:01. > :05:10.over boards. We have to go out and pick up the man overboard and
:05:10. > :05:19.transfer him to the right spot. Push ahead, wait for it to respond
:05:19. > :05:26.and try and stay and the Blue Badge and avoid the ground that! -- brown
:05:26. > :05:35.bits. It is part of the mandatory training be have to do a simulator
:05:35. > :05:44.course. We can simulate any type of shipboard weather conditions.
:05:44. > :05:52.cannot actually see it, whereas it? It is to your left and that is you
:05:52. > :05:57.now. He is now on board and you have to come alongside here, not
:05:57. > :06:02.too quickly. The simulator is the place to make the mistakes thought
:06:02. > :06:08.if mistakes are made here, it is easy to correct but there tends to
:06:08. > :06:16.be a lot more paperwork involved at sea. Time to go out and get your
:06:16. > :06:21.feet wet! This is another example of why the location of the Academy
:06:21. > :06:25.is so vital to the learning experience. I am about to take
:06:25. > :06:30.control of a fast rescue craft and the plan is to rescue a man
:06:30. > :06:35.overboard. We are hoping to give these people at least enough to get
:06:35. > :06:39.them started and make them more employable. What the companies are
:06:39. > :06:49.getting is a person who is actually qualified in the survival and first
:06:49. > :06:52.
:06:52. > :06:59.aid. The get all of that and escorts. -- in this course. Life on
:06:59. > :07:02.the ocean wave may not be for everyone. The future of this
:07:02. > :07:04.industry is in safe hands thanks to the education and training
:07:05. > :07:07.available right here in Peterhead harbour.
:07:07. > :07:10.Landward's resident forager and all round Bushman Patrick McGlinchey
:07:10. > :07:20.has shown us a range of woodland skills over the last two weeks. In
:07:20. > :07:23.
:07:23. > :07:28.the final part of his series he has a Christmas theme.
:07:28. > :07:32.The kisses getting fat and the festive time is almost upon us. It
:07:32. > :07:37.is the great joy to be back in the woodlands away from the hustle and
:07:37. > :07:46.bustle of Christmas shopping. Today, I will be doing some Christmas
:07:46. > :07:56.shopping of my own. Let's see what we can find.
:07:56. > :08:00.
:08:00. > :08:07.This week, I am making a reef for Christmas time. -- wreath. This is
:08:07. > :08:17.an incredible flexible Material and be back itself contains a natural
:08:17. > :08:22.
:08:22. > :08:28.aspirin. This is weak IED, a claim or and a very aggressive growth.
:08:28. > :08:38.Let's pull this down. You have to be very careful. Otherwise, you
:08:38. > :08:41.
:08:41. > :08:51.might get head on the head with dead wood. Wonderful! I have my
:08:51. > :08:54.
:08:54. > :08:58.will and my ID and one more thing to gather. -- my willow and my ivy.
:08:58. > :09:04.Christmas would not be complete without some holly, and the little
:09:04. > :09:09.sprig of it will give us some good luck. Remember to get permission
:09:09. > :09:14.before you take anything from the woodlands. The first thing we have
:09:14. > :09:24.to do is train this. We have to bend it around her knee and teach
:09:24. > :09:24.
:09:24. > :09:32.it who is boss. You make it into a whip to create the eternal circle.
:09:32. > :09:39.You can then spiralled the ivy around it. This is an incredible
:09:39. > :09:49.vine. Even the darkest of winter will find some green on the trees
:09:49. > :09:56.because of this. You can then bring the green into the home. We need a
:09:56. > :10:06.little splash of colour from the holly. The slide that in and what a
:10:06. > :10:10.
:10:10. > :10:18.difference that makes. This is the natural woodland wreath. You can
:10:18. > :10:28.add in bottles and ribbons and so on but I like it simple.
:10:28. > :10:33.Still to come, Alexander Kellas - a life in the mountains. At the age
:10:33. > :10:37.of 40, he made his first trip to the Himalayas and for the next 10
:10:37. > :10:47.years, he engaged in mass of expeditions which led to great
:10:47. > :10:47.
:10:48. > :10:54.achievements. And the beers are on me. Very nice. It is weird because
:10:54. > :10:57.the form is called but media is warm.
:10:57. > :11:00.-- the beer. The Airport at Oban was established by the local
:11:00. > :11:02.council back in 2008 to provide local lifeline services to the
:11:02. > :11:06.islands. Since then, passenger numbers have steadily increased and
:11:06. > :11:16.this year has been the busiest yet. Euan takes to the skies to find out
:11:16. > :11:25.
:11:25. > :11:30.why. For the residents here, flying is a
:11:30. > :11:36.way of life. The air service which is provided from Oban provides a
:11:36. > :11:42.welcome boost to the local economy and serves as the vital link. The
:11:42. > :11:52.scheduling is subsidised by Argyle and Bute Council. It is operated by
:11:52. > :11:53.
:11:53. > :11:58.Hebridean the air services who won the contract last year. It is like
:11:58. > :12:02.a bus service that is provided for the islands. It supports the
:12:02. > :12:11.outlying communities and some of them are quite remote. By providing
:12:11. > :12:13.this service, it enables them to get easy access to the mainland. We
:12:14. > :12:23.have two flights per day and on Mondays and Wednesdays it will
:12:24. > :12:27.
:12:27. > :12:37.allow it to Tiree. The pilot today has blown these routes for the last
:12:37. > :12:43.
:12:43. > :12:48.six years. Today, we are flying from Oban on a round trip to Tiree.
:12:48. > :12:56.I go through here if the weather is good enough. If the wind is to the
:12:56. > :13:06.south, it is extremely rough so sometimes we go all the way around.
:13:06. > :13:16.I used to see sea gulls a lot. They have moved on now. Since Hebridean
:13:16. > :13:18.
:13:18. > :13:27.air services to Cover, it has opened up this amazing scenery.
:13:27. > :13:33.are now making our first approach. To this numbers at the moment are
:13:33. > :13:39.doing quite well. -- to rest. We get a number of people who come
:13:39. > :13:44.just because they wanted quick trip around and then back to Oban. They
:13:44. > :13:47.can want to visit friends and family on the islands. The get the
:13:47. > :13:55.chance to go out there and they can also do a round-robin trip where
:13:55. > :13:59.they fly out and get the ferry next day and come back to Oban. After
:13:59. > :14:08.the Greek stock, it was time to take-off for one of the shortest
:14:08. > :14:13.plane journeys and the world. -- the grief stop. This is a fantastic
:14:13. > :14:21.little flight between the two Islands. You have the sun shining
:14:21. > :14:27.down into the water and the colours are fabulous. It has really picked
:14:27. > :14:35.up this year. One of the passengers on the flight is returning home
:14:35. > :14:40.from America foreign visit to the mainland. -- for a medical visit.
:14:40. > :14:47.People are realising you do not have to be away for to Bea days and
:14:47. > :14:52.the plane can fly when the ferry cannot make it. You can see the
:14:52. > :15:00.planning department and if you need to get away, it is a fantastic
:15:00. > :15:05.addition to getting here and back. The new services may have have
:15:05. > :15:13.helped the number of passengers using Oban by almost 50%, but
:15:13. > :15:18.unlike some large airports, the staff can cope.
:15:18. > :15:25.The team we have here have worked extraordinarily well and I think
:15:25. > :15:31.everyone is proud of what they have achieved. Passenger numbers have
:15:31. > :15:34.increased by 50% is testament to how good the service is doing. We
:15:34. > :15:44.are looking at expanding on what we do here and are looking at more
:15:44. > :15:49.
:15:49. > :15:58.If you have a comment about anything you see in the comment or
:15:58. > :16:01.had a wonderful story to share with us, sent as an e-mail. The weather
:16:01. > :16:08.here on Arran is horrendous but what about the prospects for this
:16:08. > :16:16.weekend and beyond? To find out, here's Stav Danaos with the weather
:16:16. > :16:20.It has been called with snow over the mountains but it looks like
:16:20. > :16:24.over the next few days, we will see milder air pushing off the Atlantic.
:16:24. > :16:28.It has been brought about by this area of low pressure which brought
:16:28. > :16:35.some significance note to the hills and severe gales to Shetland and
:16:36. > :16:38.Orkney. -- significant snow. Still producing storming weather but not
:16:38. > :16:45.just of the mainland will see an improving picture through the
:16:45. > :16:49.morning. Some bright as a -- brightness but some showers
:16:49. > :16:53.affecting the western part. Temperatures of seven/eight Celsius
:16:53. > :16:56.in central parts and southern parts of the country. Showers effect in
:16:56. > :17:05.the Western Highlands and the Hebrides. Improvements in
:17:05. > :17:13.temperatures as well but the best of temperatures... If you are
:17:13. > :17:16.thinking of walking across western ranges, it will be more unsettled
:17:16. > :17:20.and across eastern Rangers, the best of the conditions here, more
:17:20. > :17:26.in the way of bright us with some sunshine as well but fairly fresh
:17:26. > :17:29.to strong westerly winds and starting wet for the Cairngorms but
:17:29. > :17:33.eventually it will turn drier and brighter into the afternoon. If you
:17:33. > :17:41.are thinking of going across the south-west on a boat, a scattering
:17:41. > :17:47.of showers with December -- with visibility poor. In the east, a
:17:47. > :17:55.better picture, winds similar but choppier sees here and brighter
:17:55. > :17:58.conditions. I think will have the East/West split on Saturday at the
:17:58. > :18:04.end and drive across the East and for most parts overnight with
:18:04. > :18:08.temperatures not falling to a low. On Sunday, areas of low pressure
:18:08. > :18:13.across the north-west of the country, feeding in a run of south-
:18:13. > :18:20.westerly air. It looks like many areas will be mild and showers
:18:20. > :18:24.perfecting westerly areas. -- affecting. Into next week,
:18:24. > :18:30.remaining unsettled with periods of rain interspersed with sunshine as
:18:30. > :18:37.well. The next area of low pressure moves endearing Sunday into Monday
:18:37. > :18:41.at producing some rain for a time in the west and south-west.
:18:41. > :18:45.Temperatures around seven/eight Celsius so still on the mild side.
:18:45. > :18:50.Tusa looking like the best day of next week and we will be in a ridge
:18:50. > :18:54.of high pressure before this next weather system moves in so fine and
:18:54. > :18:57.settled. Plenty of sunshine right across the board. Some showers
:18:57. > :19:01.affecting Orkney and Shetland and the temperature of eight Celsius
:19:01. > :19:05.with all the sunshine and light winds, it will feel pleasant. On
:19:05. > :19:09.Wednesday the next weather system moves in with some snow on the
:19:09. > :19:19.hills and eventually the rain will clear away. It turns and settled
:19:19. > :19:25.
:19:25. > :19:30.The stunning landscape of Arran - this is one of my favourite places
:19:30. > :19:40.to visit in Scotland and I come here every year and the beer is not
:19:40. > :19:40.
:19:40. > :19:50.This is Arran brewery. They have won awards for their beers and have
:19:50. > :19:54.
:19:54. > :19:59.We have now almost the Skye Brewery and we are hoping to grow 820
:19:59. > :20:02.barrel plant and putting in more tanks into each of the breweries,
:20:02. > :20:08.have taken over the Rosebank distillery building hoping to put
:20:08. > :20:12.in a brewery as well as a bottle in building. It will help us to expand
:20:12. > :20:16.but only in the export markets but also in the national market and we
:20:16. > :20:20.will probably be able to do more supermarket sales as well. It is
:20:20. > :20:27.quite unusual to have a woman involved with brewing. Is that a
:20:27. > :20:31.sexist comment? It is not, it is a general conception, people think
:20:31. > :20:37.that women don't like real ale and they are not interested in it but
:20:37. > :20:42.there are lot of women real-ale drinkers and the merging with Skye
:20:42. > :20:46.Brewery, I am excited because the head brewer is a woman and I was
:20:46. > :20:56.excited at the concept of having another woman to chat about beer
:20:56. > :20:56.
:20:56. > :21:01.things with. Talking about beer, it is time to drink some of it. But
:21:01. > :21:05.something different - hot beer cocktails. We will heat at the
:21:05. > :21:10.stove, put it in which is what happened in the mid- 17th century
:21:10. > :21:14.in the coaching houses. People coming in from the cold outside
:21:14. > :21:19.they would be given a hot ale. you heat it with a poker? Yes. We
:21:19. > :21:25.are using oatmeal stout because the boats will surge and give it a
:21:25. > :21:35.smoke flavour. You can add cinnamon or rump. We will use a cinema and
:21:35. > :21:48.
:21:48. > :21:56.liqueur. Do not be shy it! -- we Oh! That is a winner from me! Good
:21:56. > :22:01.gracious. Very, very nice. Do you want a taste yourself? Sadly, that
:22:01. > :22:09.is the end of my little beer tasting odyssey but there are 61
:22:09. > :22:12.other independent breweries in Scotland... I cannot even speak! 61
:22:12. > :22:20.of the independent breweries, I should do another small tour. I
:22:20. > :22:24.would be to the bus, but in the meantime I love this hot beer
:22:24. > :22:31.cocktail for. Martini as the world over have a little known Aberdeen
:22:31. > :22:35.share climber to thank for their ability to reach the high peaks --
:22:35. > :22:43.mountaineers over the world. If it was not for one man, Hillary and
:22:43. > :22:48.Tenzing may never have made it to Above the height of 6,000 metres,
:22:49. > :22:54.the human body cannot survive due to shortage of oxygen. This
:22:54. > :22:58.altitude is known as the death zone. It is standing in the way of the
:22:58. > :23:04.people conquering the world's highest mountains for generations
:23:04. > :23:06.but a little known scientist from Aberdeen thought otherwise. Back in
:23:06. > :23:13.1920, Alexander Mitchell Kellas concluded that Mark Everest could
:23:13. > :23:16.be conquered and without oxygen. He was the most experienced
:23:16. > :23:22.mountaineer of his generation but disappeared from the pages of
:23:22. > :23:31.history. He was regarded by the mountaineering establishment as one
:23:31. > :23:35.of the top mountaineers of that era. And then after the war, he vanished.
:23:35. > :23:38.Alexander Kellas was born in 1868 and raised here on Regent's key
:23:38. > :23:40.where his father worked for the where his father worked for the
:23:40. > :23:46.Aberdeen Harbour Board. The family prospered and they moved to the
:23:46. > :23:54.West End of the city where he went to Aberdeen school. But it was from
:23:54. > :23:58.here that his mother's family family home that he escaped and
:23:58. > :24:02.started his mountaineering adventures. He came out to the
:24:02. > :24:06.Cairngorms with his younger brother and that was in 1885 and you
:24:06. > :24:15.remember in those days, there were not proper - a box and he spent
:24:15. > :24:20.times walking huge distances -- there were not prepared guidebooks.
:24:20. > :24:24.He was a very physically strong individual. He went to University
:24:25. > :24:31.College London to do a chemistry degree and was a very good research
:24:31. > :24:35.chemist but a better man to near. By the time he was 40, he had
:24:35. > :24:40.explored the Scottish mountains, he had been to the Alps and been to
:24:40. > :24:44.Norway and suddenly at the age of 40, he made his first visit to the
:24:44. > :24:49.Wavertree and for the next 12 years, he went almost every year out to
:24:49. > :24:59.the Wavertree and engaged in massive expeditions -- to the
:24:59. > :24:59.
:24:59. > :25:03.Himalayas. Until 1920, Kellas visited the region seven times and
:25:03. > :25:07.discovered at a remote tribe called the Sherpas and was the first
:25:07. > :25:13.person to employ them as guides and porters of expeditions. It was
:25:13. > :25:23.during these visits that he began to study how the human body copes
:25:23. > :25:23.
:25:23. > :25:28.with high altitude. one of his interest was in high altitude
:25:28. > :25:31.physiology and, if not the first, he was one of the first people to
:25:31. > :25:35.study the effects of altitude on the human body, particularly the
:25:35. > :25:39.lack of oxygen and the effects in the blood and breathing. Above a
:25:39. > :25:45.certain height, the amount of oxygen you taking is reduced.
:25:45. > :25:55.Around half or less at the summit and it is at sea level which can
:25:55. > :25:56.
:25:56. > :26:01.lead to severe a oxygen lack or pulmonary oedema when you come
:26:01. > :26:06.suffocate to death. Kellas' main contribution was that to argue that
:26:06. > :26:10.the slower you acclimatise, the better you cope. He experimented
:26:10. > :26:17.with his Sherpas as well and tested them and himself with carrying
:26:17. > :26:25.weights are two different altitudes and tabulated all the results and
:26:25. > :26:30.over distance at altitude, he discovered that a Sherpa would beat
:26:30. > :26:35.a European at any altitude. He can take many things in his creditable
:26:35. > :26:42.stop as the leading expert in his day on both the Himalayas and high-
:26:42. > :26:49.altitude physiology, Kellas was invited to participate in one of
:26:50. > :26:54.Getting to the summit of Everest was seen as a great national
:26:54. > :26:57.objective. He had more experience in the Himalayas than anyone else
:26:58. > :27:01.in the expedition and in fact, various people suggested that
:27:01. > :27:10.Kellas be the leader of the expedition, such was his status at
:27:10. > :27:20.the time. But becoming weak and exhausted by a previous expeditions,
:27:20. > :27:24.
:27:24. > :27:29.Kellas died of heart failure after When Kellas died in 1921, there had
:27:29. > :27:34.been probably eight peaks in the world over 20,000 ft climb and he
:27:34. > :27:39.had climbed five of them. He had also climbed the highest mountain
:27:39. > :27:43.it yet climbed in the world yet 40 measurements gave that record to
:27:43. > :27:53.somebody else so he died not knowing that he has stood higher
:27:53. > :27:54.
:27:54. > :27:58.The story of Alexander Mitchell Kellas, a man who deserves to be
:27:58. > :28:03.better known. You will want to know what is coming up on the programme
:28:03. > :28:07.next week. Sarah, Euan Nick and myself are
:28:07. > :28:16.having a Christmas party on Royal Deeside. Join us as we try to
:28:17. > :28:23.impress each other using local We have Caledonian pine cooked
:28:23. > :28:33.salmon with a hand gathered sorrel sauce. The looks fantastic. Smoked
:28:33. > :28:33.
:28:33. > :28:37.salmon Bellini and creme fraiche Until the slightly later time of
:28:37. > :28:47.7:30pm next Friday night, from all the team here on a wet and