:00:15. > :00:25.We've trekked four hours into the Australian bush. In search of some
:00:26. > :00:39.of the most beautiful sights our planet has to offer. We've come to a
:00:40. > :00:47.place of amazing scenery. And unique wildlife. But where we are going,
:00:48. > :00:55.the true beauty only comes out when the sun goes down. Because crowning
:00:56. > :01:15.all this is a glorious night sky. Hello and welcome to the second
:01:16. > :01:23.night of Stargazing Live Australia with myself and Dara O Briain. Thank
:01:24. > :01:29.you. You might have noticed we are still inside the iconic
:01:30. > :01:34.Anglo-Australian Telescope. That's because the weather is bad outside.
:01:35. > :01:39.We are told it will be beautiful again tomorrow. This is an
:01:40. > :01:45.impressive room. We are at Siding Spring Observatory, six hours Drive
:01:46. > :01:50.from Sydney. Technically we are perched on an extinct super volcano.
:01:51. > :01:55.It is the last mountain. It just flattens out, and then it becomes
:01:56. > :02:01.the flat Australia that we know for hundreds of miles. Beautiful skies,
:02:02. > :02:04.not a cloud, especially the views we had last night of the Milky Way. A
:02:05. > :02:10.collection of stars so numerous we can't even count how many. There is
:02:11. > :02:15.the view during the day, and then when the night falls, it turns
:02:16. > :02:20.spectacular. Between the stars and the dust, we cannot tell. Billions
:02:21. > :02:26.of stars. When you look at images like that, you know you live in a
:02:27. > :02:30.galaxy. We have also seen Saturn, perfectly oriented towards us. This
:02:31. > :02:36.is the view from our cameras attached to a 9.5 inch telescope.
:02:37. > :02:41.You can see that dark band through the rings bisecting them, which is
:02:42. > :02:45.the Cassini division. Because the planets are closer to us than the
:02:46. > :02:55.stars, they are often the most spectacular sights in the night sky.
:02:56. > :03:01.The ancient Greeks called the planets of our solar system
:03:02. > :03:06."Wandering stars". Today, after 50 years of space exploration, we have
:03:07. > :03:09.seen the planets close up in unprecedented detail. That knowledge
:03:10. > :03:15.fires are imagination as we gaze from Earth at those tiny points of
:03:16. > :03:26.light in the night sky. From the puck marked surface of mercury and
:03:27. > :03:29.dents, poisonous atmosphere of Venus to the colossal gas clouds of
:03:30. > :03:36.Jupiter and the graceful beauty of Saturn. Look up and you are seeing
:03:37. > :03:46.other worlds, each as unique as our own. Now, last night we talked about
:03:47. > :03:51.why far the most exciting citizen science project we have ever
:03:52. > :03:56.started, which is to find the ninth planet in the solar system. So far
:03:57. > :04:01.we have had over a million hits, so you are doing a very good job. You
:04:02. > :04:05.have found two objects that just could be something interesting. This
:04:06. > :04:09.is a picture of one of them. You see that green circle around that point
:04:10. > :04:15.of light there? Chris Lintott will be here later to explain why we
:04:16. > :04:23.think that might be something. That isn't all we will be showing you
:04:24. > :04:28.tonight. Tonight on Stargazing, Greg shows us that even the most familiar
:04:29. > :04:33.objects in the night sky takes on a fresh appearance when viewed from
:04:34. > :04:38.here in Australia. Liz finds out how being the fastest continent on earth
:04:39. > :04:45.could cause major problems for Australia's busiest port. And we ask
:04:46. > :04:50.if our understanding of the Moon could help protect one of our
:04:51. > :04:55.planet's greatest treasures. As ever, we want you to send in your
:04:56. > :05:01.questions either to e-mail or Twitter, and this is a great site we
:05:02. > :05:06.are in. Let's have a look at the geography. There are 50 telescopes
:05:07. > :05:11.on this site. That's where we are now, if I circle it, that this
:05:12. > :05:15.wonderful Anglo-Australian Telescope, the one you are using if
:05:16. > :05:22.you participate in a planet search that gave us the data here, that is
:05:23. > :05:29.called sky map. It also found one of the oldest stars known, which was
:05:30. > :05:39.then imaged by this telescope here. This star was formed over 2 million
:05:40. > :05:44.years after the Big Bang. It was a wonderful thing because it has been
:05:45. > :05:50.sat there around 6000 light-years away for around 13.6 billion years.
:05:51. > :05:56.They are all optical telescopes, but they are doing different jobs.
:05:57. > :06:03.That's right. This is the UK Schmidt telescope. It has taken some iconic
:06:04. > :06:09.images. I want to show you of this corona australis, or the Southern
:06:10. > :06:14.Crown. You can see these very young stars formed in this dust cloud
:06:15. > :06:19.here. This picture is almost like 3-D, because behind you see the rich
:06:20. > :06:25.star fields of the Milky Way. We talked about that spectacular
:06:26. > :06:30.cluster here last night, and that is another one, around 6000 light-years
:06:31. > :06:36.away. This is almost a romantic image. The great astronomer who took
:06:37. > :06:42.this will talk tomorrow about how you get these colour pictures of the
:06:43. > :06:48.sky. Let's look at this mount top here. Last night when we had no
:06:49. > :06:53.cloud in the beautiful sky, we put Liz Bonnin out here, where it is
:06:54. > :06:57.very dark and the perfect place to do viewing. It would be unfair to
:06:58. > :07:03.leave her there tonight. Not really the night for it! Lives, how is the
:07:04. > :07:08.weather where you are? Basically we are in the soup. This is just a
:07:09. > :07:13.cloud of mist and fog and cloud and more fog and more missed, and then
:07:14. > :07:19.about ten minutes ago, the heavens opened and it started lashing it
:07:20. > :07:25.down. It would not be a good idea to be out on Mount Wooru. Delighted to
:07:26. > :07:29.be hanging out with you, Greg, albeit under shelter. We had some
:07:30. > :07:35.lights for you in the background there. But you cannot see them! It
:07:36. > :07:41.is good to be undercover, but fear not. We have been here for a week
:07:42. > :07:47.now admiring the night skies, and we have lots to show you. Here is a
:07:48. > :07:52.stunning shot of Jupiter. It is a really good idea to spend the time
:07:53. > :08:00.watching its moons. Not just for a couple of seconds, to watch them in
:08:01. > :08:05.action for several minutes. Last night we watched Europa moving. We
:08:06. > :08:11.saw the moon 's pass each other. That is what you get with Jupiter.
:08:12. > :08:16.There is always something going on. So there are four big enough moons
:08:17. > :08:22.that we observe doing this kind of dance around Jupiter? Yes. This
:08:23. > :08:27.whole system is edge on for us, so we see those moons appear to go
:08:28. > :08:31.backwards and forwards. They cast their shadows on Jupiter, so there
:08:32. > :08:40.is always something going on. There really is, and this is a planet you
:08:41. > :08:45.can see in the UK right now. 11 times the diameter of the Earth.
:08:46. > :08:49.That is extraordinary. It is rising in the east and moving across the
:08:50. > :08:55.South in the UK right now, getting high gear over the horizon, until it
:08:56. > :09:00.finally sets at around 6am, so plenty of time to observe it after
:09:01. > :09:06.the programme. And you will probably have better skies then we have. At
:09:07. > :09:11.1:40am last night, Jupiter was in the perfect position to view the
:09:12. > :09:16.great red spot. This is what we got last night. Greg, how rare is this
:09:17. > :09:22.view? Jupiter spins really fast, about once every nine hours and 55
:09:23. > :09:26.minutes, so to have that great red spot turned to the right place where
:09:27. > :09:33.we can see it, you have to really plan. Indeed. But we are not seeing
:09:34. > :09:37.it tonight. Now, if you were to observe the great red spot through a
:09:38. > :09:41.telescope in the northern hemisphere and then make the equivalent
:09:42. > :09:44.observation in the southern hemisphere, you would notice
:09:45. > :09:50.something a bit odd. It is in the wrong kind of place. Lorraine on
:09:51. > :09:58.Twitter wants to know if everything is upside down to how we see it in
:09:59. > :10:05.the UK. Greg has made a little film about it. When I was in my 20s, I
:10:06. > :10:09.headed off on my motorbike to explore Australia. Because I've
:10:10. > :10:15.always been good at fixing things, I ended up working as a mechanic. I
:10:16. > :10:20.often had to travel out to remote places to make repairs, and once the
:10:21. > :10:26.sun went down, I would park up and sleep under the only roof available,
:10:27. > :10:33.the magnificent Milky Way. Looking up at our big, bright Australian
:10:34. > :10:38.night sky completely blew me away. And it made me want to understand
:10:39. > :10:45.the way it all changed each night, including the one thing that
:10:46. > :10:50.everyone knows - tonight, we have a beautiful bright moon, and because
:10:51. > :10:55.it is so close to Earth, it is the easiest thing for us to see, and we
:10:56. > :11:01.don't need any special equipment. Your own eyes will do just fine. No
:11:02. > :11:05.prizes for recognising this as the moon, but you bright spot that
:11:06. > :11:13.something seems not quite right about it. Compare this picture taken
:11:14. > :11:19.from the UK with my Australian view. You can instantly see that the moon
:11:20. > :11:25.looks a different shape. The Shadow is on the other side. But that's not
:11:26. > :11:30.all. Look more closely at the patterns on the surface. The big
:11:31. > :11:32.dark area on the side of the moon is the Sea of tranquillity, the place
:11:33. > :11:49.where Apollo 11 landed. So let's compare the view we have
:11:50. > :11:53.tonight with the one you have in the UK. The Sea of tranquillity has
:11:54. > :11:57.jumped to the right-hand side. That's because the moon you see is
:11:58. > :12:05.the other way up from ours. So how is that? Everyone on earth is seeing
:12:06. > :12:14.the same moon at the same time. We see it a different way up because we
:12:15. > :12:17.are a different way up. I'm going to use my motorcycle helmet here to
:12:18. > :12:23.represent the Earth. I'm going to use this little camera to represent
:12:24. > :12:27.you sitting on top of the Earth. If you imagine that my face is the
:12:28. > :12:32.moon, the view from this camera shows how you would see it from the
:12:33. > :12:37.UK, the right way up. And if we travel from the UK to Australia, we
:12:38. > :12:42.are going to go around the curve of the Earth, until maybe I look a
:12:43. > :12:46.little different. So going around to the other side of the earth means
:12:47. > :12:50.that we see things in a different way, because one of us is upside
:12:51. > :12:58.down. And I'm not sure if it's you or me! Our opposite views of the
:12:59. > :13:04.moon turns its monthly phases on their head also Mac. We seem the
:13:05. > :13:09.same phase on the moon from anywhere on earth at the same time, but the
:13:10. > :13:14.way we see that moon depends on which way up we are. Viewed from
:13:15. > :13:27.Australia, this crescent moon looks like the letter C. But you in the
:13:28. > :13:32.UK, it looks more a capital D. Just as we see the moon from a different
:13:33. > :13:38.angle depending on where we are on the planet, it is the same with the
:13:39. > :13:41.constellations in the sky. Tonight we have the magnificent RIM the
:13:42. > :13:46.hunter pretty much overhead. You can see that it looks a little bit
:13:47. > :13:53.different in our Australian skies than it does from the UK. In the UK,
:13:54. > :13:58.Orion is seen as a hunter standing up, holding a bow and arrow with a
:13:59. > :14:06.dagger hanging down from his famous belt. Here in Australia, Orion is
:14:07. > :14:12.quite the Acrobat. He looks like he is standing on his head. And we know
:14:13. > :14:15.his dagger as a saucepan, adorned with a fantastic Orion nebula, a
:14:16. > :14:23.cloud of dust and gas where stars are born. I love watching the stars.
:14:24. > :14:26.Whichever the hemisphere you are watching the night sky from,
:14:27. > :14:36.observing the differences is always an adventure. I'm calling it. Greg
:14:37. > :14:42.is the most Australian person you could possibly have found to do
:14:43. > :14:51.that! Someone said he was either God or a member of ZZ Top! Or Gandalf.
:14:52. > :14:57.Orion is interesting because it can be seen from both hemispheres, and
:14:58. > :15:02.will be very similar to you in the UK. And how can we illustrate this?
:15:03. > :15:09.We have a series of photographers all the way down the globe from the
:15:10. > :15:14.UK to Australia to take a photograph of Orion at the same effective time
:15:15. > :15:19.every night, so when it is about 15 degrees above the horizon, so you
:15:20. > :15:23.are not seeing the rotation due to the rotation of the Earth, you are
:15:24. > :15:25.seeing it in the same place but you can move down. We started with the
:15:26. > :15:35.UK and then we travelled down. All you should see is the change of
:15:36. > :15:39.Orion because of being in a different position. We can see it
:15:40. > :15:43.first from the UK, so lets see it again. This is the familiar sight of
:15:44. > :15:49.Orion. You can see Betelgeuse, the red giant at the top left, and the
:15:50. > :15:54.lines of the stars of the belt. And we can run through the photographs
:15:55. > :15:59.and just watch the belt as it tilts to the south coast. France, Abu
:16:00. > :16:03.Dhabi, India, and now it has gone all the way up to the Philippines.
:16:04. > :16:08.Jakarta, Brisbane. By this point, the belt, which had lain parallel to
:16:09. > :16:14.the horizon, has now tilted 90 degrees. Can we see that again? It
:16:15. > :16:19.is a beautiful thing to have done. There we go, from the Shetlands, and
:16:20. > :16:24.then write all the way down, and you can see that as you drop down
:16:25. > :16:27.towards the equator, cross the equator, or Ryan rotates
:16:28. > :16:32.beautifully. I should say, as Greg said, it is actually asked to ring
:16:33. > :16:36.the rotation. Brisbane is -30 degrees latitude, and Shetland is
:16:37. > :16:40.about 60, which is what you get that 90 degrees change. 90 degrees from
:16:41. > :16:45.that to that. Lovely. The stars in the sky are not the only things on
:16:46. > :16:48.the move. In Australia, the ground under our feet is shifting faster
:16:49. > :16:57.than anywhere else on the planet. Liz has been to investigate. 2/18
:16:58. > :17:02.century explorers, the search for the fabled southern continent was
:17:03. > :17:09.reliant on the starts to point the way. -- to 18th-century explorers.
:17:10. > :17:17.Today, thanks to a vast network of artificial satellites, we know every
:17:18. > :17:29.inch of Australia. And I can tell precisely where I am. Port headland
:17:30. > :17:33.on the north-west coast. The most well-known navigation satellite
:17:34. > :17:37.system is the American one, GPS, which stands for global positioning
:17:38. > :17:40.system. This extraordinary feat of engineering has completely
:17:41. > :17:47.revolutionised how we navigate. Most of us will have sat nav on our phone
:17:48. > :17:59.or in our cards, but nowhere is GPS more vital than a place like this.
:18:00. > :18:02.Bought Hedland is one of the most busy ports in the world and an
:18:03. > :18:08.important link for the mining industry here. Each year, thousands
:18:09. > :18:12.of cargo ships come here to load up with 200,000lb of iron ore. From the
:18:13. > :18:16.automated vehicles that load cargo to the ships themselves, virtually
:18:17. > :18:22.everything that you see here lies on pinpoint accuracy, provided by GPS.
:18:23. > :18:33.But there is a bit of a problem here because Australia has moved. Every
:18:34. > :18:37.continent on earth is moving. It's called Continental drift. A gradual
:18:38. > :18:41.shifting of the plates that make up the crust of our planet. But the
:18:42. > :18:46.plates that Australia sits on is moving the fastest. And the problem
:18:47. > :18:58.is, the satellite systems that we rely on to tell us where everything
:18:59. > :19:03.is do not keep up. Australia is shifting seven centimetres closer to
:19:04. > :19:08.Asia every year. It has had to update its GPS data three times in
:19:09. > :19:16.the last 50 years. And since the last time, in 1994, it has drifted
:19:17. > :19:22.another 1.6 metres. And that is a big deal if you are in a driverless
:19:23. > :19:32.car or navigating one of these giants down a narrow 27 mile
:19:33. > :19:39.channel. That is Marine pilot Mark Ayres' job. He has flown out by
:19:40. > :19:44.helicopter to board the incoming ships and help steer them down this
:19:45. > :19:49.tricky waterway. I have hitched a ride to see what he is up against.
:19:50. > :19:57.This vessel is in the narrowest part of the channel. The ships are up to
:19:58. > :20:00.60 metres wide. Mark is one of just a handful of pilots with the skills
:20:01. > :20:06.to navigate one of the most difficult ports in the world. Other
:20:07. > :20:15.reports have bigger tides, stronger currents, narrower channels, tighter
:20:16. > :20:19.corners, and even bigger ships, but bought Hedland has all of those
:20:20. > :20:24.together. It makes it a very difficult job. Loaded ships can only
:20:25. > :20:29.leave the port during high tide. Even then, they can have just 25
:20:30. > :20:34.centimetres between them and the sea floor. If Mark can keep them bang in
:20:35. > :20:37.the middle of the channel. That is where GPS comes in. Knowing the
:20:38. > :20:41.absolute position of the vessel allows us to remain as close as we
:20:42. > :20:47.can to the middle of the channel. We have accuracies of down to about a
:20:48. > :20:51.metre. That is for our day-to-day operations. Does the job of get
:20:52. > :20:55.boring? Is every ship you go on another real challenge? Don't tell
:20:56. > :21:03.anybody but this is the best job in the world. Boys toys to an extreme.
:21:04. > :21:09.With up to eight ships today carrying over ?20 billion worth of
:21:10. > :21:17.cargo year, Mark asked to use equipment that constantly corrects
:21:18. > :21:21.his position by 1.6 metres. But this year, Australia is updating its
:21:22. > :21:25.satellite data again. So we'll pilots like Mark still needs to
:21:26. > :21:31.correct their GPS systems? For a while, yes. Because this time, GPS
:21:32. > :21:39.will not just catch up with the world's facets continent, it is
:21:40. > :21:43.going to overtake it. This year, Australia is being moved. GPS users
:21:44. > :21:48.will receive new court lets for the continent which correct for the
:21:49. > :21:51.existing 1.6 metre shift, but also the data will be over corrected, or
:21:52. > :21:59.future proofed. The new court and it will be based on where Australia
:22:00. > :22:04.will be in 2020. For a few more years, Australia will still be in
:22:05. > :22:09.the wrong place. Though my just 20 centimetres to start with. And
:22:10. > :22:14.getting less each year. The hope is that by the time Australia is back
:22:15. > :22:16.in the right place again, new satellite technology will be able to
:22:17. > :22:22.track the continent's drift in real-time for ever. Putting
:22:23. > :22:27.satellites into space is one of humankind's greatest achievements,
:22:28. > :22:31.allowing us to interact with this planet in a completely different
:22:32. > :22:36.way. But our drifting continents are also a reminder that this is a
:22:37. > :22:43.dynamic, ever-changing world that we will never be entirely under control
:22:44. > :22:49.of. Welcome back to the wet soup of
:22:50. > :22:52.where we are. We're sitting under one of the spiral arms of the
:22:53. > :22:56.cyclone hit in the east coast of Australia. I'm sure you have heard
:22:57. > :23:03.about it. She has not given up yet. She is making us know all about. She
:23:04. > :23:07.has got a legacy, for sure. Greg, you have had a branch of questions
:23:08. > :23:12.coming in. Just you. You know they love you, you are a big hit. You are
:23:13. > :23:19.officially either telescope Gandalf or Merlin. Take your pick. That's
:23:20. > :23:24.beautiful. Can oppose a couple of questions? Steve on Twitter wants to
:23:25. > :23:27.know, how do you navigate and see in the southern hemisphere? Good
:23:28. > :23:31.question. In the northern hemisphere we have the polestar, which makes it
:23:32. > :23:36.very easy to find true North, but in the south it is more complicated. It
:23:37. > :23:39.is. In the north there is a star that indicates that point but there
:23:40. > :23:43.is no such that in the south. We have to resort to a bit of
:23:44. > :23:47.creativity to find their place in the sky. So talk us through it,
:23:48. > :23:53.using this fantastic objection of the night sky. -- fantastic
:23:54. > :23:58.projection. What stars will be used to find true south? We will use the
:23:59. > :24:02.Southern Cross, which we were familiar with last night. Alpha,
:24:03. > :24:09.beta, gamma, Delta and Epsilon. And we will use our pointers are alpha
:24:10. > :24:15.century and beta Centauri. -- our pointers stars. And if we draw a
:24:16. > :24:18.line through the axis of the Southern Cross, it will go somewhere
:24:19. > :24:23.like that. And if we draw another line down the middle, we could get
:24:24. > :24:30.technical and call that a particular by sector. We could, but we're not
:24:31. > :24:36.going to. Where these lines intersect, that is the south
:24:37. > :24:41.celestial pole. And that is how you find south. Very nice. Thank you for
:24:42. > :24:44.that question, Steve. Justin wants to know, are any planets eager to
:24:45. > :24:51.see in the southern hemisphere? Not really. All of the planets can be
:24:52. > :24:53.seen, five can be seen from everywhere, from both hemispheres,
:24:54. > :24:59.but certainly the closer you are to the tropics, the higher the planets
:25:00. > :25:03.can be in the sky, so things like mercury, which is particularly
:25:04. > :25:09.difficult to see in Britain, even in southern Australia, where I am in
:25:10. > :25:17.the wild regions of Western Australia, we get mercury quite
:25:18. > :25:19.well. Lindsey from Brighton monster now, is there an equivalent to the
:25:20. > :25:28.Northern lights in the southern hemisphere. Absolutely. There is the
:25:29. > :25:32.borealis and the Aurora Boruc -- Aurora Australia Alice. And we have
:25:33. > :25:42.a beautiful photograph of it, look at that. We have to go a long way to
:25:43. > :25:48.see it. Thank you for your questions. Since we arrived here in
:25:49. > :25:52.Australia, we have looked at what the night sky is meant to indigenous
:25:53. > :25:57.Australians for thousands of years. When you look at the Milky Way, you
:25:58. > :26:03.can see a set of distinctive dark patches running across it. It might
:26:04. > :26:11.look like unoccupied space but these are actually nebulae, fast clouds of
:26:12. > :26:21.gas and dust that scatter the starlight. To indigenous
:26:22. > :26:36.Australians, they call it the... The new. -- the emu. Spiritually, the
:26:37. > :26:40.spirit he knew is very important because it is a sacred spirit that
:26:41. > :26:47.relates to water. It lives up there in the Milky Way. You see it during
:26:48. > :26:52.the winter periods in the southern hemisphere, from April right through
:26:53. > :26:57.to August and when it leaves the sky, it comes down to the earth and
:26:58. > :27:02.it either travels in the water as a water spirit or travels on the land
:27:03. > :27:06.and when it travels on the land in its physical form, that is the black
:27:07. > :27:10.emu that our old people tell you never to interfere with because he
:27:11. > :27:17.is checking out what holes. The emu plays an important part in our
:27:18. > :27:20.culture. Shaun Murphy has tweeted this
:27:21. > :27:31.question. Based on something you said a few minutes ago. If star ten
:27:32. > :27:36.CPAC -- ten CPAC is over eight billion years old, why hasn't not
:27:37. > :27:39.burnt out? There is more force trying to squash them down and they
:27:40. > :27:46.have to burn more fuel because it is larger. A small star, smaller than
:27:47. > :27:52.the Sun, will last about 10 billion years, and it is about 5 billion
:27:53. > :27:56.years old, her son, red dwarfs will last for 100 billion years, and they
:27:57. > :27:59.will burn their fuel more slowly because they are small. We have this
:28:00. > :28:05.question from here on in Scotland. This is a beautiful photograph, the
:28:06. > :28:09.Whirlpool galaxy. What I want to know -- what I love about this, you
:28:10. > :28:13.can see galaxies interacting. We talked about how galaxies are not
:28:14. > :28:16.static things. They interact and changing shift. What you are seeing
:28:17. > :28:22.here is a galaxy interacting with another small galaxy. Lanes of dust
:28:23. > :28:25.and stars, being ripped out of the galaxy and merging with the gravity
:28:26. > :28:29.of the other one. A beautiful photograph. I want to talk about
:28:30. > :28:33.Saturn. We have seen many spectacular views of Saturn over the
:28:34. > :28:40.last few nights. This is clearly not a view of Saturn, but it is from --
:28:41. > :28:45.not a view of Saturn from a telescope but from the Cassini
:28:46. > :28:50.spacecraft. I want to draw your attention to the North Pole, and the
:28:51. > :28:55.rings. The rings tell us something about our search for Exel planets.
:28:56. > :29:01.The question is, what causes the structure in the rings. -- our
:29:02. > :29:08.search for ten CPAC. That is the Cassini division, this dark gap.
:29:09. > :29:12.Historically, Cassini may be the first person to have nothing named
:29:13. > :29:18.after him. It is a gap where there is no debris. Historically, it is
:29:19. > :29:24.very small. If you look at Saturn, you will see this with a small
:29:25. > :29:27.telescope and the question is why. Is there something that comes
:29:28. > :29:39.through to push it out? It is to do with this, the Death Star moon,
:29:40. > :29:42.Midas. This is in orbit, a long way away, outside the wings. But there
:29:43. > :29:47.is a phenomenon called orbital resonance. Imagine a particle, a
:29:48. > :29:52.little piece of ice orbiting around inside the Cassini division. It is
:29:53. > :29:57.position such as that it would go around twice for every single orbit
:29:58. > :30:01.of Midas on the outside. That means that they are constantly meeting up
:30:02. > :30:05.Mark and Midas's gravity is kicking them out of the gap. But what does
:30:06. > :30:09.that have to do with our planet? Remember last night, searching for
:30:10. > :30:12.Planet 9. The evidence, the suggestion that we have that there
:30:13. > :30:18.may be something there is the fact that all of these orbits, smaller
:30:19. > :30:23.objects in the outer solar system, you are clustered in this region.
:30:24. > :30:32.There are none of them over here. That is like the Cassini division.
:30:33. > :30:34.What is the expiration? Well, just like Mimas, we suggest there is
:30:35. > :30:38.something orbiting here that is kicking everything else out. The
:30:39. > :30:44.orbit is position such as it doesn't take these out.
:30:45. > :30:51.Going back to Saturn again, if all we had to work from was that gap, we
:30:52. > :30:59.could tell that there was an almost seeing moon. Yes, we could infer the
:31:00. > :31:06.presence of my mass by looking at the Cassini division alone. It's
:31:07. > :31:13.beautiful. It is the gravitational field is caused by the 60 odd moons
:31:14. > :31:18.of Saturn. This is a close-up of the rings taken by Pazzini. All of these
:31:19. > :31:29.are to do with the moons and the resonances. These stunning images
:31:30. > :31:38.are all due to the probe called Pazzini, the only spacecraft to have
:31:39. > :31:45.orbited Saturn. -- Pazzini. On October 15, 1997, the space probe
:31:46. > :31:50.Cassini blasted off into space. Its destination was the most beautiful
:31:51. > :31:57.planet in the solar system, Saturn. The probe reached the ringed planet
:31:58. > :32:02.in 2004, and ever since has been sending back a stream of what must
:32:03. > :32:07.be amongst the most spectacular images in the history of space
:32:08. > :32:20.exploration, from details of the surface... To images of Saturn's
:32:21. > :32:32.many moons. But, of course, it is the planet's brings that are the
:32:33. > :32:35.show stoppers. Sadly, Pazzini's mission ends in September, when the
:32:36. > :32:41.probe will be intentionally crashed into the planet's atmosphere, but
:32:42. > :32:45.the mission will be taking images and data all the way down for our
:32:46. > :32:52.closest look yet at the ringed planet. And we have had a question,
:32:53. > :33:00.could you send a probe through the rings? Yes, you can, and we are
:33:01. > :33:05.going to do it. You see that Cassini is going to fly in between the
:33:06. > :33:11.planet and the rings. It is going to do it 20 odd times. You would never
:33:12. > :33:15.do that with the new spacecraft, but because Cassini is coming to the end
:33:16. > :33:21.of its mission, it is going to explore the environment in between
:33:22. > :33:25.the rings and the surface of Saturn. And there is a good reason why
:33:26. > :33:28.Cassini is ending its mission by crashing into the planet. Yes, if
:33:29. > :33:34.you left it there, there was a chance it could crash onto the moon,
:33:35. > :33:41.such as Titan. It has liquid water below the surface, so there is a
:33:42. > :33:45.chance in their that there was an environment that could support life,
:33:46. > :33:52.so we do not want to contaminate it. I don't suppose there is much chance
:33:53. > :33:56.of anything in view in the skies are right now outside, but let's ask the
:33:57. > :34:04.lives what's going on out there. Eat your heart out. Our floor manager
:34:05. > :34:09.says this is a bushmaster. You can see that it is raining behind me and
:34:10. > :34:17.we can't see anything. Last night it was beautiful here, and Greg showed
:34:18. > :34:21.me another beautiful site in the southern night sky. Greg, I have
:34:22. > :34:25.seen these once before in South Africa, but it wasn't quite as
:34:26. > :34:34.magnificent night as this one. Tell me what these Magellanics clouds
:34:35. > :34:41.are. These two galaxies is what they are. This large Magellanics Cloud is
:34:42. > :34:53.a galaxy around 160,000 light-years away. And the small Magellanics
:34:54. > :34:58.Cloud is another galaxy, and that is why one appears bigger than the
:34:59. > :35:04.other because one is closer than the other. They are pretty much the same
:35:05. > :35:15.size. They are dwarf galaxies, about 10% of the size of the Milky Way.
:35:16. > :35:21.These have got perhaps around 20,000 million stars each. So that is why
:35:22. > :35:25.you have the large Magellanic and the small Magellanic. They look like
:35:26. > :35:30.they are broken off bits of our Milky Way, but they are galaxies in
:35:31. > :35:34.their own right. They look a bit like fuzzy clouds, so I understand
:35:35. > :35:40.why they are called cloud as well. It is funny you should say that. In
:35:41. > :35:44.Western Australia, I have occasionally had someone come out
:35:45. > :35:50.and say to me, what a pity it is cloudy tonight. And I had trouble
:35:51. > :35:55.understanding what they meant. They think that they are securing the
:35:56. > :36:00.view, but in fact, that is what they should be looking at. We are looking
:36:01. > :36:06.at too distant galaxy hears with the naked eye. Just incredible. Even
:36:07. > :36:12.though they are separate to our own home galaxy, they are connected to
:36:13. > :36:17.the Milky Way. They are. There are streamers of material connecting
:36:18. > :36:22.them, charged particles, protons, electrons, that are interacting
:36:23. > :36:26.between those two galaxies. There is communication going on, not only
:36:27. > :36:30.between each other, but they are connected to the Milky Way in the
:36:31. > :36:37.same way. On a night like this I could stand here forever. They are
:36:38. > :36:43.just spectacular. Absolutely. This is why I do this, because it blows
:36:44. > :36:48.me away every time. Just to consider what we are looking at here, how far
:36:49. > :36:53.away it is, and just trying to absorb that into our being, it is
:36:54. > :37:02.just so powerful. Cyclone Debbie is really giving it whirly. I am trying
:37:03. > :37:05.to shelter them off from the rain. Those charged particles are
:37:06. > :37:10.signposts to what over millions of years will eventually happen to
:37:11. > :37:15.those Magellanic clouds. The Milky Way has been eating up dwarf
:37:16. > :37:21.galaxies, and it is thought that the two Magellanic clouds will have the
:37:22. > :37:27.same fate. Discoveries about the night sky are being made all the
:37:28. > :37:32.time, and as well how it can affect what happens here on Earth. It is
:37:33. > :37:35.hoped that another recent discovery could help safeguard the future of
:37:36. > :37:45.one of our planet's greatest treasures.
:37:46. > :37:51.Australia's Great Barrier Reef is pretty much the biggest living thing
:37:52. > :38:02.on the planet. You really can see it from space.
:38:03. > :38:20.But looking at those corals close up is even better. A community has been
:38:21. > :38:28.living and surviving out here from the last -- for a very long time,
:38:29. > :38:35.and every year it puts on a spectacle. Every year, the coral
:38:36. > :38:42.species reproduce. It is the largest synchronised breeding in the world,
:38:43. > :38:47.and we are still trying to work out how it is synchronised. One thing
:38:48. > :38:52.seems to be the water reaching just the right temperature. And something
:38:53. > :38:55.else that is even more important is a mysterious relationship between
:38:56. > :39:01.the coral and what is familiar to all of us in the night sky - the
:39:02. > :39:05.moon. Each coral species breeds at a slightly different time, but the
:39:06. > :39:12.biggest mass spawning is always seem to follow a full moon. And for a
:39:13. > :39:18.long time, no one could work out how coral knew when that was. So
:39:19. > :39:23.scientists look to see if Moonlight was a factor, and they discovered
:39:24. > :39:29.something incredible. Despite having no obvious eyes, coral can see.
:39:30. > :39:33.There are not in the way that we do. Coral can detect light, and they use
:39:34. > :39:38.that ability to become expert astronomers. It is the changing
:39:39. > :39:46.brightness of the moon that accuse them to spawn. But this isn't just a
:39:47. > :39:52.fascinating revelation. It could also give biologists a tool to help
:39:53. > :39:57.the reef's survival. Last year, a quarter of the coral was wiped out.
:39:58. > :40:02.Climate change is believed to be one of the main reasons. If the Great
:40:03. > :40:08.Barrier Reef continues to be impacted by rising sea temperatures,
:40:09. > :40:12.we could lose one of the most diverse ecosystems on the planet.
:40:13. > :40:18.So, at the Australian Institute of Marine science, the battle is on to
:40:19. > :40:24.help save the reef. They are building a mini version of the Great
:40:25. > :40:30.Barrier Reef inside these tanks, complete with tropical fish and,
:40:31. > :40:37.incredibly, indoor moons. It is all part of an experiment being run by
:40:38. > :40:44.Doctor Greg told us. Good to meet you. To find out how climate change
:40:45. > :40:48.affects coral. These are very sensitive animals. They react
:40:49. > :40:53.dramatically to very small changes in their environment. The best way
:40:54. > :41:00.to do research like this is to trigger the coral to spawn in doors.
:41:01. > :41:05.And they are having remarkable success. Last year, 5 million last
:41:06. > :41:15.they were produced here. Thanks to these artificial moons. These lights
:41:16. > :41:19.are specifically designed to mimic the natural light conditions that
:41:20. > :41:23.this coral will experience out on the reef, Moonlight and sunlight.
:41:24. > :41:29.They are computer-controlled, and they mimic the changes in light
:41:30. > :41:34.intensity as well as the colour of the light. That's very clever. Using
:41:35. > :41:41.these lights, Greg can recreate the different phases of the moon. Not
:41:42. > :41:48.every species is triggered by a full moon. This little guy takes its cue
:41:49. > :41:54.from a new moon, reproducing a few nights later. Greg Andy his team
:41:55. > :42:02.simulated a new moon five nights ago, and now we are back to see if
:42:03. > :42:08.it worked. Under red lights that will not confuse the coral, we are
:42:09. > :42:14.looking for signs of reproduction. Greg, what am I looking for. We are
:42:15. > :42:20.waiting for some la fete to pop up from the coral. We don't exactly
:42:21. > :42:27.know which part they will come out from. It is a waiting game now.
:42:28. > :42:31.There was actually something coming out now. This is actually the first
:42:32. > :42:40.time that I see the polyps releasing larvae. This is the first time this
:42:41. > :42:44.species have ever been filled producing larvae in captivity. There
:42:45. > :42:56.is one in the middle and one just there. That was cool. Having
:42:57. > :43:00.successfully triggered the coral to reproduce, Greg can now run
:43:01. > :43:04.experiments to find out how they cope with climate change. It is
:43:05. > :43:09.still early days, but eventually this research could be used to breed
:43:10. > :43:15.a new variety of coral which could even help re-colonise one of the
:43:16. > :43:23.world's greatest treasures. And it is all thanks to harnessing the
:43:24. > :43:27.power of our brilliant moon. Well, we are in doors now. We would love
:43:28. > :43:34.to show you the door like we did yesterday. It is 6:42am now at
:43:35. > :43:44.siding Springs. We are joined by Fred Watson who has been here for
:43:45. > :43:48.how long... 35 years. What I love about this telescope is that it has
:43:49. > :43:54.been here so long it has generated its own set of astronomical legends.
:43:55. > :43:59.My favourite one is the legend of Gascoigne's Leap. Ben Gascoigne, a
:44:00. > :44:03.prominent astronomer, was one of the commissioning astronomers of this
:44:04. > :44:09.telescope. On one of the first night he was observing, he went out on the
:44:10. > :44:12.outside walkway, came back into the wrong door, hopped over the fence
:44:13. > :44:20.and he thought he was going to land on solid ground, but he felt
:44:21. > :44:28.something like five metres. We very nicely put a plaque up for him. And
:44:29. > :44:35.he survived. He hurt his elbow. It is a remarkable thing. We celebrate
:44:36. > :44:43.that. Ben was very much loved in astronomy. Over your years as an
:44:44. > :44:47.astronomer, you chose for us and some of your favourite astronomical
:44:48. > :44:54.sites in the sky. Look at that. Baade's Window. I was observing the
:44:55. > :44:59.centre of our galaxy with this telescope back in the 70s and early
:45:00. > :45:03.80s, and at that time, the only where you could penetrate the middle
:45:04. > :45:09.of our galaxy was by finding tunnels in the dust that lies between
:45:10. > :45:12.ourselves and the galactic centre. Baade was a German American
:45:13. > :45:17.astronomer who discovered one of these tunnels in the 1940s, and it
:45:18. > :45:22.gave us a route into understanding the stars in the centre of our
:45:23. > :45:28.galaxy. Now you can do it with infrared, but in those days we had
:45:29. > :45:33.to do it with Baade's Window. And there is my favourite constellation.
:45:34. > :45:42.Scorpio. We are missing the bottom bit.
:45:43. > :45:48.Antares means arrival of Mars. And indeed it is in a place in the sky
:45:49. > :45:52.where Myers often is. You could confuse it with the red planet but
:45:53. > :45:59.in reality it is a huge red supergiant, much bigger. How much
:46:00. > :46:06.bigger than the sum? 883 times. An unimaginable number in some ways. If
:46:07. > :46:18.this was Antares, our son would be tiny. We have a graphic of it, to
:46:19. > :46:24.give you a sense of scale. There is the sun. Mars' orbit would fit
:46:25. > :46:34.inside it. Amazing stuff. And then this last picture. A cluster
:46:35. > :46:41.romantic lead named NGC6791, they do not come any finer than that. It has
:46:42. > :46:46.a transparency that allows you to see through the stars, to distance
:46:47. > :46:54.is way beyond. There is a galaxy there in the background. It is
:46:55. > :46:57.stunning stuff. Beautiful, thanks. Of course, not everyone using these
:46:58. > :46:59.telescopes are right here. Some of them are operating all over the
:47:00. > :47:11.planets, including back at home. Amongst the spectacular giant domes
:47:12. > :47:19.of this observatory there are many surprises. This is one of the best.
:47:20. > :47:21.The building is packed full of professional telescopes that are
:47:22. > :47:26.connected to the internet. And because the whole system is online,
:47:27. > :47:35.anyone around the world can log on and get the chance to become an
:47:36. > :47:43.astral photographer. As the sun sets, the roof of the building
:47:44. > :47:49.automatically rolls back. This facility gives stargazers in the
:47:50. > :47:53.northern hemisphere a chance to observe the Southern stars, and it
:47:54. > :47:57.provides access to pristine dark skies for those of us who live in
:47:58. > :48:04.urban areas where light pollution is a problem. One of the most light
:48:05. > :48:09.polluted areas in the UK is Wakefield in west Yorkshire. And I
:48:10. > :48:17.have a group of budding stargazers who are going to try out the
:48:18. > :48:20.telescopes. Hi girls, how are you. I had to show you where I am before I
:48:21. > :48:26.start to talk to you. Can you see this? Roof opened up a couple of
:48:27. > :48:34.moments ago. Isn't that the coolest thing? So have you decided which
:48:35. > :48:38.object you are going to try to photograph for us? Can we have a
:48:39. > :48:53.look at the aforesaid nebula and the Orion nebula? Started with aforesaid
:48:54. > :48:57.nebula. All very cool. -- the Horsehead Nebula. I am so excited by
:48:58. > :49:05.this, girls. I think this will inspire a lot of people to follow
:49:06. > :49:08.what you're doing. Thanks a million. The Horsehead Nebula is a giant
:49:09. > :49:14.cloud of dust and gas near the consolation of Orellana. It was
:49:15. > :49:16.discovered by the great female astronomer Williamina Fleming.
:49:17. > :49:19.Perhaps this challenge will kick-start our team on their own
:49:20. > :49:27.journeys to become great astronomers. And take a look at what
:49:28. > :49:32.the girls achieved. They went for all three of the nebulae that they
:49:33. > :49:38.mentioned in that film, the Brian nebula, the aforesaid nebula and the
:49:39. > :49:41.tarantula. Just amazing. -- the Horsehead Nebula. Let's take a
:49:42. > :49:44.closer look at the Horsehead Nebula. Through a telescope, you would not
:49:45. > :49:52.even be able to see this. The detail is really good. It is an object that
:49:53. > :49:57.does not come up well visually. Photographically, it comes up
:49:58. > :50:01.beautifully. We have all of that ionised gas in the background. That
:50:02. > :50:06.is a dark nebula superimposed. Incredible. And it is called the
:50:07. > :50:13.Horsehead because the top that looks remarkably like a horse's aired. It
:50:14. > :50:16.looks a little bit like there is a hole cut into the nebula behind but
:50:17. > :50:20.it is the other way around. That dark mass is a region filled with
:50:21. > :50:25.dust and gas undergoing active star formation. And the horsehead shape
:50:26. > :50:30.is actually sculpted by the intense radiation of the stars around it. So
:50:31. > :50:36.how do you think the girls have done? That is absolutely beautiful.
:50:37. > :50:39.Stunning, it really is. And isn't it amazing that the technology is there
:50:40. > :50:44.for us all to be able to do this now, to get online? I certainly
:50:45. > :50:49.will. We will be back tomorrow with more spectacular sights from the
:50:50. > :50:55.southern skies. It will be great. We want stars! Greg, if you are still
:50:56. > :50:58.listening, Giles on Twitter says that Greg is the Australian
:50:59. > :51:05.Professor Brian Cox and I would not be surprised if he was the keyboard
:51:06. > :51:11.player in Men At Work. I give the keyboard player in Men At Work? I
:51:12. > :51:15.can't hear anything. -- are you the keyboard player. Are the rings of
:51:16. > :51:18.Saturn a permanent feature will be eventually disappear? There are two
:51:19. > :51:21.answer to that. They might be or they might not be. One theory is
:51:22. > :51:27.that because they are very young, they are very bright, and so maybe
:51:28. > :51:30.they have been newly formed and are not covered in dust yet. The
:51:31. > :51:33.alternative is that the structure inside them is very complicated
:51:34. > :51:37.which would take a long time to evolve and the bright because of the
:51:38. > :51:40.ice, and the ice keeps bumping into each other, and it is self cleaning.
:51:41. > :51:46.It is actually an area of scientific debate. OK. We assume remote
:51:47. > :51:51.telescopes but soon almost all SpaceX narration may be done by
:51:52. > :51:59.remote control. Meet Valkyrie, Nasa's new robotic superhero. Behold
:52:00. > :52:03.as she clutches her iron fist. Gasp as she turns and steers you down. It
:52:04. > :52:08.no! The guy in the corner controlling every move with a
:52:09. > :52:13.computer. -- ignore! Because Valkyrie is the astronaut of the
:52:14. > :52:17.future. The next great landmark in space exploration is putting a human
:52:18. > :52:21.on Mars but before we walk on Mars, she walks on Mars. And before she
:52:22. > :52:32.does that, she is currently living in Edinburgh with one of the judges
:52:33. > :52:37.from Robot Wars. This is Robot Wars! When he is not determining the fate
:52:38. > :52:42.of amateur robot gladiators, the Professor is breathing light into
:52:43. > :52:49.Nasa's most advanced robotic astronaut. Valkyrie or her robots
:52:50. > :52:54.descendants will prepare habitats on Mars for human visitors. Travel to
:52:55. > :52:59.Mars is a different challenge than going to the moon. It is much
:53:00. > :53:02.farther away, and so you cannot be seen, the robot is going to be
:53:03. > :53:07.falling over so we have to do a corrective action. It has to to fend
:53:08. > :53:09.for itself. While she is cutting-edge hardware, Nasa did not
:53:10. > :53:13.differ much of the brain. This laboratory is one of three in the
:53:14. > :53:20.world giving her intelligence. And they are starting with the basics.
:53:21. > :53:23.You and me, we take walking and locomotion, manipulation, for
:53:24. > :53:29.granted. But getting a robot to do that is a hard job. Where is it now?
:53:30. > :53:33.Is it beyond that phase? I think it is maybe three or 490 years old. It
:53:34. > :53:38.can walk, it can recognise things. And manipulation is still a very
:53:39. > :53:44.hard robotic problem. -- and manipulation. So let's see what this
:53:45. > :53:48.4-year-old can do. We're going to challenge her to take the precious
:53:49. > :53:53.empty box from me and pass it over. Virtual Valkyrie can do it but can
:53:54. > :53:59.the metallic one? How are you? I have a box for you. At the moment,
:54:00. > :54:09.it is using its sensors to figure out where the boxes. Your microwave
:54:10. > :54:12.can look down! -- it can look down. But hang on, Valkyrie was supposed
:54:13. > :54:17.to turn towards the camera. Why are you turning the wrong way? Look at
:54:18. > :54:24.me when I'm talking to you. That was human error. I was blaming you but
:54:25. > :54:29.that was not new at all. You can only do what we tell you to do. We
:54:30. > :54:33.let her have another go. That has gone slack, so it is under its own
:54:34. > :54:39.weight. It is a safety mechanism. It is balancing on its own. To be
:54:40. > :54:42.honest, I could have given you the box and this time. Although the
:54:43. > :54:47.movement look straightforward, when it lists all of its legs up, it has
:54:48. > :54:53.to make sure that the force, the weight, the dynamics are in sync so
:54:54. > :54:58.it does not topple over. So these small steps are giant leaps for
:54:59. > :55:03.robot kind. But there is room for improvement and today, she is
:55:04. > :55:07.learning from a real master. Me. If you could put this hat on. Alas,
:55:08. > :55:16.dignified step of this costume. They recovered meat -- covered me in
:55:17. > :55:19.reflective markers to take in every detail of my walking. And now they
:55:20. > :55:23.can feed this information to Valkyrie. I am now going to tell you
:55:24. > :55:31.something but I will not tell you what. A little burst of speed. There
:55:32. > :55:34.you go. Valkyrie has been taught to react to changing terrain in exactly
:55:35. > :55:42.the same way as we do. You have done a brilliant job, having not falling
:55:43. > :55:46.over. Humans have been walking upright for a few million years, so
:55:47. > :55:56.by copying us, she stands a good chance of staying upright, too. We
:55:57. > :56:01.really want to learn the principles of human gait but not necessarily
:56:02. > :56:07.that kind of one. Is this helping the science? Of course, of course. I
:56:08. > :56:11.feel that my contribution has given Valkyrie a little bit more flair.
:56:12. > :56:15.Let's hope that will help her with the complex task she must master
:56:16. > :56:19.next. Once she has conquered the stairs, she will be learning to
:56:20. > :56:23.drive, and how to assemble buildings. Ultimately, she or her
:56:24. > :56:27.robotic descendants will be ready to take the first steps on another
:56:28. > :56:33.planet. An emotional day for father, even if it is not for daughter. I
:56:34. > :56:41.think it will almost be as good as getting your child to take its first
:56:42. > :56:46.steps, almost. The weather here has put the kibosh on any astronomy that
:56:47. > :56:50.we could do but you back in the UK, our army of volunteer astronomers
:56:51. > :56:54.have done fantastic work. It is going to continue around the work.
:56:55. > :57:02.We are here with Professor Cliff lift off. We have had 2 million
:57:03. > :57:05.classifications in the last 24 hours so thank you to Stargazing Live
:57:06. > :57:10.viewers. To remind you, what we're looking for is this planet in the
:57:11. > :57:14.outer solar system to find that, we look for things that move. That is
:57:15. > :57:20.what we have been doing. We have one of the possible, not candidates yet,
:57:21. > :57:27.but... Objects of interest. If you look, that is a green symbol, and
:57:28. > :57:30.there was one a few days later. Most of the field does not move but that
:57:31. > :57:35.one object has and that is not in our catalogues. There is definitely
:57:36. > :57:39.something there but we now have to look at it. The next thing is we
:57:40. > :57:42.have to check it is not in our catalogues, work a fast it is moving
:57:43. > :57:46.and from that we can get a sense of where it might be now and what its
:57:47. > :57:49.orbit is. And the most exciting of those candidates, and we have quite
:57:50. > :57:53.a few of them, we'll go and look at the telescopes. The only problem is
:57:54. > :57:58.it is cloudy outside. We were hoping to have more data tonight, so as a
:57:59. > :58:02.back-up, we have called our friends in Chile and it is just about
:58:03. > :58:06.getting dark there now. We hope they will be observing some of our
:58:07. > :58:11.candidates. So we will see that tomorrow. We know it is clear in
:58:12. > :58:14.Chile, and it is going to be clear here as well. Let's hope so. We have
:58:15. > :58:18.put more data in because so impressed with the result of that if
:58:19. > :58:23.people go to our website now, they will get a chance to see a fresh bit
:58:24. > :58:26.of the sky. So tomorrow night, really going to focus on this
:58:27. > :58:32.because we will have the results and hopefully we will have photographs
:58:33. > :58:36.big telescopes. So go to our website and continue the search. Tomorrow is
:58:37. > :58:40.our final show from Australia, the weather will be glorious and will be
:58:41. > :58:46.a fabulous sky above us. So we will look forward to seeing then. For
:58:47. > :58:49.more spectacular views of the night sky. But for now, it is good morning
:58:50. > :58:53.for us, and also to yourselves. Keep looking to that planet -- for that
:58:54. > :59:04.planet. Good night.