:00:08. > :00:29.The phone hacking trial hears that morning. Goodbye.
:00:30. > :00:36.illegal" way of checking stories. We'll be live at the Old Bailey.
:00:37. > :00:39.Also this lunchtime: Royal Bank of Scotland says it will
:00:40. > :00:42.deal with tens of billions of pounds' worth of toxic assets
:00:43. > :00:46.internally and not split into so-called "good" and "bad" banks.
:00:47. > :00:48.Barclays Bank suspends a number of traders in connection with the
:00:49. > :00:50.possible manipulation of the currency markets.
:00:51. > :00:57.GCSEs in England get their biggest shake up in a generation.
:00:58. > :01:00.And the growing concerns about the dangers of head injuries in rugby
:01:01. > :01:08.are not being taken seriously enough.
:01:09. > :01:14.?On BBC London: Fire Brigades urge households to postpone fire works
:01:15. > :01:16.displays. And why university union members are
:01:17. > :01:17.being banned from attending Remembrance Services in an official
:01:18. > :01:34.capacity. Good afternoon and welcome to the
:01:35. > :01:37.BBC News at One. The former News of the World editor
:01:38. > :01:38.Andy Coulson told a senior journalist investigating an
:01:39. > :01:45.exclusive story on television celebrity Calum Best to "do his
:01:46. > :01:48.phone". Jurors at the trial of two former editors of the News of the
:01:49. > :01:51.World have been told that journalists at the paper used phone
:01:52. > :01:55.hacking as a "perfectly rational but entirely illegal" way of checking
:01:56. > :01:57.stories. Rebekah Brooks and Andy Coulson, along with six other
:01:58. > :02:04.defendants, deny all the charges against them. Tom Symonds is at the
:02:05. > :02:10.Old Bailey where the prosecution has been outlining its case against Mr
:02:11. > :02:15.Coulson. Yes, day three of this long,
:02:16. > :02:19.detailed prosecution opening statement. This is a complex trial.
:02:20. > :02:22.The defendants face charges including phone hacking, but also
:02:23. > :02:28.illegal payments, some of them to public officials, what is called in
:02:29. > :02:32.legal jargon conspiracy to commit misconduct in public office. Today,
:02:33. > :02:37.the jury heard submissions on both sets of allegations.
:02:38. > :02:41.The submissions again today focused on Andy Coulson's editorship of the
:02:42. > :02:46.News of the World, and the long list of victims of the paper's phone
:02:47. > :02:49.hacking. In 2005, it believed that the then Home Secretary Charles
:02:50. > :02:55.Clarke was having an affair with an eight, Hannah Pawlby. He wasn't, but
:02:56. > :03:01.the prosecution said that dozens of her friends and family had her
:03:02. > :03:07.--their phones hacked. Calum Best, the son of George Best. The paper
:03:08. > :03:11.paid woman who claimed he was the father of her child. Andrew Edis QC
:03:12. > :03:14.said Andy Coulson was worried Calum Best had burned out and might spoil
:03:15. > :03:20.the scoop by telling a rival newspaper. Ashman found out. This
:03:21. > :03:22.resulted in a key bit of evidence, and email between Mister Coulson and
:03:23. > :03:40.Ian Edmonson. Mr Coulson wrote... It is a clear sign, the prosecutor
:03:41. > :03:44.said, that he knew about and ordered phone hacking. The opening statement
:03:45. > :03:48.then moved onto the allegations against former royal editor Clive
:03:49. > :03:53.Goodman, along with Mr Coulson, accused of illegally paying police
:03:54. > :03:56.officers for confidential Royal Households phone directories. The
:03:57. > :03:59.court heard one of them was obtained from a royal policeman at Saint
:04:00. > :04:03.James's Palace and the standard price would be ?1,000. But in an
:04:04. > :04:03.email, price would be ?1,000. But in an
:04:04. > :04:19.Clive Goodman warned Mr Coulson... Prosecutor Andrew Edis said that was
:04:20. > :04:24.the clearest possible evidence of a conspiracy between them to make the
:04:25. > :04:31.illegal payments. And it is the prosecution's case
:04:32. > :04:35.that buying these royal phonebooks actually helped the phone hacking,
:04:36. > :04:40.because they included the numbers of senior household officials, like Sir
:04:41. > :04:45.Michael peat, a top aide to the Prince of Wales, who was targeted by
:04:46. > :04:50.the News of the World because the paper again thought he was having an
:04:51. > :04:53.affair. Tom, thank you very much.
:04:54. > :04:56.Royal Bank of Scotland is to create an internal "bad bank", rather than
:04:57. > :05:01.breaking the business in two, as it tries to recover from the financial
:05:02. > :05:04.crisis. There have been calls for the bank, which is mostly owned by
:05:05. > :05:08.the taxpayer, to separate its most high-risk assets from the core
:05:09. > :05:10.retail business. But the Chancellor, George Osborne, has backed the new
:05:11. > :05:13.solution, saying it will deal decisively with the problems of the
:05:14. > :05:17.past. This morning, RBS announced a pre-tax loss of more than ?600
:05:18. > :05:22.million in the third quarter. Here's our business correspondent Emma
:05:23. > :05:26.Simpson. There has been a big debate about
:05:27. > :05:31.the future of Royal Bank Of Scotland. Should it be broken up?
:05:32. > :05:34.But after a four-month review, the Government has delivered its
:05:35. > :05:39.verdict. It has rejected the idea of a complete separation. The best
:05:40. > :05:44.advice I got was that the best thing for the British taxpayer was an
:05:45. > :05:49.internal bank splitting like this into a good bank and a bad bank, but
:05:50. > :05:53.under the umbrella of the existing bank. So what goes into the bad
:05:54. > :05:59.bank? It'll have ?38 billion worth of RBS's high risk assets, its most
:06:00. > :06:05.troublesome loans, most of them in commercial property. They make up 5%
:06:06. > :06:11.of RBS's total assets. The idea is to sell them or run them down more
:06:12. > :06:15.quickly by 2016. The bank hopes this will help free up more cash to lend
:06:16. > :06:21.to small businesses, like this bike shop, visited by the Chancellor and
:06:22. > :06:25.the new RBS boss. But it is the bank's lending that is in need of
:06:26. > :06:29.repair. Today, a scathing independent report says RBS is
:06:30. > :06:39.failing small and medium-sized businesses and that a complete
:06:40. > :06:44.overhaul is needed. Small and medium business is the heart of our
:06:45. > :06:46.business in the UK and we need to do more for those customers. But when
:06:47. > :06:50.you look at the bank's history for the last five years, it has had to
:06:51. > :06:55.concentrate so much and getting back into a stable position, it is now up
:06:56. > :07:00.to me and my executive team to focus on the service delivery to customers
:07:01. > :07:04.and we will do better. The hope is that online will be drawn under all
:07:05. > :07:08.of RBS's past problems and bad management can now focus on
:07:09. > :07:12.rebuilding this bank, getting back to basics and supporting the
:07:13. > :07:17.economy. It is a work in progress. RBS plunged back into the red today,
:07:18. > :07:21.and cleaning up the bad debts will mean more heavy losses to come.
:07:22. > :07:25.Labour says the ultimate test is whether we, the taxpayers, get our
:07:26. > :07:30.money back. Some in the city are sceptical. I think the answer is
:07:31. > :07:36.never, in terms of the taxpayer recouping the whole 45.5 million
:07:37. > :07:42.investment in RBS. The reason is government actions are destroying
:07:43. > :07:46.earnings and shareholder value, so will there be a recovery? Yes, but
:07:47. > :07:51.the pace will be slower than we thought. RBS may be on a new path,
:07:52. > :07:58.but the road to privatisation is likely to be a long one.
:07:59. > :08:01.With me in the studio is business editor Robert Peston. I suppose the
:08:02. > :08:05.key question is is this going to mend the bank and by when?
:08:06. > :08:11.There are two big things, in my view, that RBS announced today. One,
:08:12. > :08:16.it confessed that it has not been serving customers properly. The
:08:17. > :08:19.millions of retail customers, but perhaps more importantly, small
:08:20. > :08:24.businesses. So vital to the UK's economic future. They published a
:08:25. > :08:29.report that they commissioned into small business lending by a former
:08:30. > :08:33.governor of the Bank of England which is horrifying in terms of the
:08:34. > :08:36.lack of skills that it discloses within RBS when it comes to small
:08:37. > :08:41.business lending, the lousy management of the small business
:08:42. > :08:46.operation. Ross MacEwan, the new chief executive of RBS, has promised
:08:47. > :08:49.that he will do better and indeed, he said that in an interview I did
:08:50. > :08:57.with him today. Separate from that, they are also trying to get rid of
:08:58. > :09:04.the ?38 billion of toxic, stinky debts, Batard consuming vast amounts
:09:05. > :09:09.of its capital --that are consuming. It would be much better deployed
:09:10. > :09:11.backing a good, new loans. There are some distinguished people, like the
:09:12. > :09:15.former Chancellor Nigel Lawson and former governor of the Bank of
:09:16. > :09:19.England Mervyn King who thought the best way to deal with that was take
:09:20. > :09:23.it out of RBS and put it onto the public sector balance sheet. George
:09:24. > :09:28.Osborne has decided against that but that said, it is not a completely
:09:29. > :09:32.cosmetic exercise because RBS has promised to work as hard as it can
:09:33. > :09:36.to shift this stuff, find buyers as quickly as it can. There is a
:09:37. > :09:39.paradox here. By saying they are going to get rid of it faster, they
:09:40. > :09:46.are going to have to sell it more cheaply and at a bigger loss, and
:09:47. > :09:50.that why RBS's shares have actually fallen rather sharply this morning.
:09:51. > :09:54.Now, on your question therefore when it is going to be fixed, not soon.
:09:55. > :09:59.The other thing that the Chancellor said to me when I interviewed him
:10:00. > :10:02.today was privatisation of our 81% stake is a long way away, almost
:10:03. > :10:06.certainly not before the 2015 General Election.
:10:07. > :10:08.Robert, thank you very much. Barclays has suspended several
:10:09. > :10:11.traders as part of an investigation into the foreign exchange market.
:10:12. > :10:14.Yesterday, it emerged that RBS had taken similar action against two
:10:15. > :10:17.traders. There is no suggestion of wrong-doing. Let's speak to our
:10:18. > :10:23.chief business correspondent, Hugh Pym. What more you able to tell us
:10:24. > :10:27.about this? Well, there has been an
:10:28. > :10:30.investigation known for a few months involving the regulator that is
:10:31. > :10:34.relevant here in the UK, the financial conduct authority. It has
:10:35. > :10:38.been following up suggestions that it is possible that a key benchmark
:10:39. > :10:43.for exchange rate in London might have been manipulated in some way by
:10:44. > :10:48.banks who contribute their data, their buying and selling prices, at
:10:49. > :10:52.a certain point in the day, 4pm, when this benchmark is worked out,
:10:53. > :10:55.and it is used as a basis for pension funds, investments and
:10:56. > :11:00.people trying to hedge themselves into the future. They are just
:11:01. > :11:03.suggestions. It is an investigation at a very early stage, there is no
:11:04. > :11:07.accusation, nobody has been accused of any wrongdoing at this stage but
:11:08. > :11:11.several leading banks have confirmed they are talking to the regulator
:11:12. > :11:19.about this. Barclays has taken this position with traders, several of
:11:20. > :11:24.them being suspended. Similarly, RBS suspended two yesterday and three
:11:25. > :11:28.other major banks have sent investors on leave. So some way to
:11:29. > :11:32.go but the potential to be pretty embarrassing the London if anything
:11:33. > :11:35.is proved to have been untoward in all of this, particularly coming out
:11:36. > :11:38.of the Libor scandal, the rigging of interest rates last year.
:11:39. > :11:41.The exams regulator Ofqual has confirmed what it's calling the
:11:42. > :11:46.biggest shake-up of GCSEs in England for a generation. A new numerical
:11:47. > :11:51.system for marking will see an extra grade added. Students will be scored
:11:52. > :11:57.from one to nine, rather than G to A*. The assessments will also be by
:11:58. > :12:02.final exams, rather than coursework. Our correspondent Sarah Campbell
:12:03. > :12:07.reports. It is likely that some of these Year
:12:08. > :12:11.8 parents were the first to take GCSEs back in 1988. Now they too
:12:12. > :12:15.will have to get used to a new way of working in the run-up to their
:12:16. > :12:20.own exams in 2017. This is the biggest change in a generation. They
:12:21. > :12:22.have been around for over 25 years as qualifications but now we are
:12:23. > :12:26.seeing fresh content, a different structure, we are seeing high
:12:27. > :12:31.quality assessment is really coming in. So it is a significant change
:12:32. > :12:34.for students and the schools. The key changes to English and maths,
:12:35. > :12:40.the first subjects to be changed, are scrapping of modules and
:12:41. > :12:44.assessment by exam at the end of two years. A new grading system, with
:12:45. > :12:50.America nine being the top grade and more marks set aside for punctuation
:12:51. > :12:54.and grammar --with nine being the top grade. Content is also to be
:12:55. > :12:58.changed. In English literature, for example, there is a greater emphasis
:12:59. > :13:03.on studying classic British authors and poets, so set texts will include
:13:04. > :13:11.at least 1/19 century novel and romantic poet. Maths will have more
:13:12. > :13:14.content, and schools will have to spend more time teaching a more
:13:15. > :13:18.rigorous syllabus. We want to encourage schools and teachers to
:13:19. > :13:21.focus on the core skills that employers really want, because that
:13:22. > :13:26.is what is going to help our children get good jobs when they
:13:27. > :13:31.leave school. But some pupils at this school, and staff, have
:13:32. > :13:35.concerns. I don't think I like the number system, because if you want
:13:36. > :13:40.to compare with other people the grade you got, different years, it
:13:41. > :13:44.will be confusing. People panic in an exam and you don't get your
:13:45. > :13:47.coursework taken into account. Coursework is a more individual
:13:48. > :13:51.thing. Nobody would argue that not having change is good, because
:13:52. > :13:54.obviously change can be effective but it is how that change is managed
:13:55. > :14:00.and the consultation that takes place within the teaching profession
:14:01. > :14:03.is a concern of mine. Reforms to other core academic core subjects
:14:04. > :14:08.will follow, but similar changes are not planned in Northern Ireland and
:14:09. > :14:11.Wales and Scotland has its own separate exam system.
:14:12. > :14:14.The mother of Baby P, who was jailed in 2009 for her role in the
:14:15. > :14:17.toddler's death, is understood to have been freed from prison earlier
:14:18. > :14:21.this week. The Government's refused to comment on the matter. Tracey
:14:22. > :14:24.Connelly was given a minimum of five years for causing or allowing her
:14:25. > :14:29.son's death. She'd been held on remand for several months before
:14:30. > :14:31.being sentenced. The Prime Minister has announced
:14:32. > :14:35.plans to give the Welsh Government control over certain taxes and the
:14:36. > :14:39.power to borrow for the first time. Stamp Duty on sales of houses in
:14:40. > :14:43.Wales will be controlled from Cardiff. The new borrowing powers
:14:44. > :14:46.are likely to be used to construct a new motorway near Newport, to ease
:14:47. > :14:53.congestion on the M4. Our Wales political correspondent Tomos
:14:54. > :14:56.Livingstone reports. While Scotland have raced ahead to a
:14:57. > :15:02.referendum on independence, Wales has moved at its own pace. Since
:15:03. > :15:05.1999, the Welsh assembly has gradually taken on board more and
:15:06. > :15:11.more powers, but now the pace of change is about to accelerate. At
:15:12. > :15:14.the moment, the Welsh assembly has control of areas including
:15:15. > :15:18.education, health and transport. Under the plans being announced
:15:19. > :15:23.today, part of the income tax take will be devolved, subject to a
:15:24. > :15:26.referendum. It is also being suggested that revenue raised from
:15:27. > :15:30.Stamp Duty on the sale of houses in Wales should go to the devolved
:15:31. > :15:35.administration and that the assembly should have the ability to borrow to
:15:36. > :15:40.fund Welsh projects. The Prime Minister says it is all about
:15:41. > :15:44.growing up. I think it will make for better, accountable government. I
:15:45. > :15:48.think it is good for a government to be responsible for raising at least
:15:49. > :15:51.some of the money that it spends. That leads to better conversations
:15:52. > :15:54.about how to raise the money, about how to spend the money and how to
:15:55. > :15:58.spend the money effectively, and how to manage your economy better. The
:15:59. > :16:04.Welsh government wants to borrow money to pay for a new motorway
:16:05. > :16:08.south of Newport. The scheme would cost ?1 billion and ease congestion
:16:09. > :16:12.on the existing M4. The First Minister says it is a big step
:16:13. > :16:15.forward for Wales. Today is an important day in the history of
:16:16. > :16:21.Wales, because the announcement today shows that we are being
:16:22. > :16:26.treated as equal partners in the UK, both as a government and indeed the
:16:27. > :16:29.people of Wales. Some of the politicians here in Cardiff Bay are
:16:30. > :16:34.already talking about cutting Welsh taxes. That is a long way off, but
:16:35. > :16:38.with all eyes on Scotland and its referendum, the coalition government
:16:39. > :16:41.is keen to show that you can hand more powers to the devolved
:16:42. > :16:49.administrations whilst staying within the United Kingdom.
:16:50. > :16:55.Our top story this lunchtime: The phone hacking trial hears that
:16:56. > :16:57.ex-News Of The World editor Andy Coulson told a senior journalist
:16:58. > :17:02.investigating a celebrity to "do his phone" and that he knew that the
:17:03. > :17:05.paper was illegally paying palace policemen from oil phone
:17:06. > :17:09.directories. Still to come, how to tell if your
:17:10. > :17:16.dog is happy or nervous. It is all in the wag of a tail.
:17:17. > :17:20.On BBC London, an investigation is underway after two shop workers were
:17:21. > :17:24.shot in an attempted robbery in plaster last month.
:17:25. > :17:33.And painting by numbers and a sign we speak to the Londoner using a
:17:34. > :17:37.type writer -- typewriter. American officials have confirmed
:17:38. > :17:40.that is really a aircraft have carried out a strike near the Syrian
:17:41. > :17:45.coastal city of Latakia. The official said the strike targeted
:17:46. > :17:51.Russian-made missiles intended for the Lebanese militant group
:17:52. > :17:56.Hezbollah. The attacked town is a stronghold of the President Bashar
:17:57. > :18:03.al-Assad, where his Alawite community is concentrated.
:18:04. > :18:08.Israeli airpower, on show just last week. There is every likelihood that
:18:09. > :18:15.this was the squadron that carried out the attack on Syria. But Israel
:18:16. > :18:20.will not say its planes were responsible for the strike . It is
:18:21. > :18:23.thought that the attack came late on Wednesday and near the Syrian port
:18:24. > :18:30.of Latakia . The target was Russian-made ballistic missiles.
:18:31. > :18:37.This was an earlier attack on Damascus in May. It sent shock waves
:18:38. > :18:41.across the city. Israel has long said it would use its military might
:18:42. > :18:55.to stop weapons reaching Syrian ally Hezbollah. TRANSLATION: We are
:18:56. > :18:59.checking the northern front. If anything happens that we don't want
:19:00. > :19:02.to happen, we would prefer to take care of it as soon as possible. We
:19:03. > :19:08.are watching before something develops. In the aftermath of
:19:09. > :19:14.previous attacks, President Assad warned of appraisal is against
:19:15. > :19:17.Israel, but none came. Despite the lack of official confirmation, there
:19:18. > :19:21.is little doubt that Israel has attacked Syria at least half a dozen
:19:22. > :19:27.times. It can strike the country at will and will do so again. Even if
:19:28. > :19:31.President Assad acknowledges that this attack took place, he is
:19:32. > :19:37.unlikely to be able to do anything about it. As the civil war in his
:19:38. > :19:40.country grinds on, he is unable to respond forcefully to Israel. In
:19:41. > :19:47.Damascus today, the UN envoy said that peace talks in Geneva would
:19:48. > :19:56.only happen if Syria's representation attended. People are
:19:57. > :20:00.realising that they don't see any other way of getting out of this
:20:01. > :20:08.horrible situation except through Geneva. But with little progress on
:20:09. > :20:13.those talks, Syria's neighbours can only hope the conflict remains
:20:14. > :20:17.within its borders. A hospital in Cardiff has apologised
:20:18. > :20:20.for flaws in the way it's diagnosed miscarriages over several years. The
:20:21. > :20:25.ombudsman for Wales as a woman who went on to have a healthy daughter
:20:26. > :20:27.had initially been told she had lost her baby because the University
:20:28. > :20:37.Hospital of Wales failed to carry out enough scans.
:20:38. > :20:41.Emily Wheatley is now able to delight in her healthy baby girl,
:20:42. > :20:46.but she is still horrified that early on in her pregnancy, she was
:20:47. > :20:54.mistakenly told she had suffered a so-called silent miscarriage. I was
:20:55. > :21:01.very ill, showing lots of signs of early pregnancy. And to be told that
:21:02. > :21:05.I had miscarried was a real shock. It took a lot to adjust to that
:21:06. > :21:10.after adjusting to the fact that I was pregnant in the first place. The
:21:11. > :21:13.error happened during a scam here at the University Hospital of Wales. It
:21:14. > :21:18.was only when in the league refused to take a pill to complete the
:21:19. > :21:22.process and sought treatment from a different hospital that the mistake
:21:23. > :21:25.into light. Guidelines to diagnose early miscarriage state that if an
:21:26. > :21:29.ultrasound scan shows possible problems, a second internal scan
:21:30. > :21:35.must be carried out with immediate effect. But University Hospital of
:21:36. > :21:41.Wales only gave Emily wants Gann, something the ombudsman for Wales as
:21:42. > :21:44.heavily criticised. It is clearly an unacceptable mistake. The guidance
:21:45. > :21:50.was in place . If they had followed it, the mistake would not have
:21:51. > :21:55.happened. It was the failure to properly implement the guidance. The
:21:56. > :21:59.hospital has apologised and says it has corrected its practices, but it
:22:00. > :22:06.is feared that staff there may have been operating flawed diagnoses
:22:07. > :22:10.since 2006. There may be a number of women who are worried about this, so
:22:11. > :22:17.we have opened a helpline which is available all day today and through
:22:18. > :22:23.the weekend. We will review things on a case-by-case basis and give as
:22:24. > :22:28.much reassurance and information as we can. It is believed about 600
:22:29. > :22:31.women each year have been at risk of getting the wrong diagnosis at the
:22:32. > :22:38.hospital, and unlike Emily Wheatley, they may never know if there was a
:22:39. > :22:40.mistake. Lancashire police have announced
:22:41. > :22:46.that they are setting up a new team to investigate the disappearance of
:22:47. > :22:49.the teenager Charlene Downes. The 14-year-old from Blackpool was last
:22:50. > :22:55.seen ten years get today. The team will also investigate the case of a
:22:56. > :22:59.15-year-old who went missing in August 2007. Officers say there is
:23:00. > :23:04.currently no evidence linking the cases, but both are thought to be
:23:05. > :23:07.connected to sexual exportation. With the autumn internationals
:23:08. > :23:11.getting under way tomorrow, there are growing concerns in rug be about
:23:12. > :23:16.the dangers of concussion. A former senior medical adviser to rugby's
:23:17. > :23:18.world governing body told our correspondent that putting concussed
:23:19. > :23:24.players back on the pitch is experimenting with player to Mac
:23:25. > :23:30.brains. -- players' brains. They are the head-on collisions that
:23:31. > :23:33.are making rugby stop and think. The sport is currently trialling a
:23:34. > :23:36.policy that can allow players who suffer head injuries to return to
:23:37. > :23:41.the field of play after a five-minute medical assessment, and
:23:42. > :23:48.some are angry. Imagine what is happening to the brain. For 15
:23:49. > :23:50.years, Barry O'Driscoll was medical adviser to the rugby governing
:23:51. > :23:56.body, but resigned after watching his nephew Irish legend Brian
:23:57. > :24:01.O'Driscoll, being cleared to play on in this match despite obvious signs
:24:02. > :24:09.of concussion. I don't think anyone has given us in rugby a mandate to
:24:10. > :24:13.experiment on player to Mac brains like this -- players' brains. The
:24:14. > :24:18.arena they are going into is brutal. In other contact sports like
:24:19. > :24:20.American football, there is mounting medical evidence that repeated
:24:21. > :24:26.concussion can lead to degenerative brain disease and neurological
:24:27. > :24:30.problems later in life. A settlement of half ?1 billion has just been
:24:31. > :24:34.reached after some players sued the NFL over the issue. Could rugby
:24:35. > :24:38.would be next's those at the top of the sport admit that concussion must
:24:39. > :24:43.now be a priority. Gone are the days when we would put play a welfare at
:24:44. > :24:48.risk. The priority for any medical team is the player, and we have to
:24:49. > :24:53.abide by that. Rugby union has taken a proactive stance on this. It is no
:24:54. > :24:58.surprise that concussion is now the number one cause of missing matches
:24:59. > :25:03.to injury. The IRB says the issue is a priority and that it's five
:25:04. > :25:07.minutes rule is backed by both players and experts, and that it has
:25:08. > :25:11.reduced the number of instances where players have been allowed to
:25:12. > :25:16.play on who have later been found to have concussion. Here at the
:25:17. > :25:19.grassroots, the RFU has announced an awareness campaign providing
:25:20. > :25:21.information and advice, but there is no obligation for pictures of junior
:25:22. > :25:25.rugby to undergo any concussion awareness training. That is
:25:26. > :25:29.something Peter Robinson wants to change. His 14-year-old son died
:25:30. > :25:33.from what is called second impact syndrome after he was allowed to
:25:34. > :25:37.play on, despite suffering concussion. Concussion is like the
:25:38. > :25:41.elephant in the room. No one wants to talk about it. I know Ben is
:25:42. > :25:47.gone, and nothing will bring him back, but if one person is taken off
:25:48. > :25:51.on a Saturday or Wednesday afternoon, it has not been in vain.
:25:52. > :25:56.Rugby's authorities say they are doing all they can to tackle this
:25:57. > :26:00.issue where things are uncertain and emotions run high, but there is no
:26:01. > :26:02.doubt that the sport's big hits are forcing it to confront some
:26:03. > :26:07.uncomfortable questions. Now, have you ever studied the way
:26:08. > :26:11.your dog wags its tail? A group of scientists have been doing that, and
:26:12. > :26:17.they say its movements are linked to mood, but is there more to it? Our
:26:18. > :26:23.correspondent is on Southampton, now and has been investigating.
:26:24. > :26:26.I know this interests you as a dog owner. If you come to any part like
:26:27. > :26:31.this, you will see dog owners watching dogs, and dogs watching
:26:32. > :26:34.back. When you consider how long men and dogs have been partnered up in
:26:35. > :26:38.life, it is perhaps surprising that we still have a lot to learn about
:26:39. > :26:41.them. It all seemed so simple. Wagging
:26:42. > :26:46.equals happy, tail down, and settled law threatening. Throughout the
:26:47. > :26:50.centuries, man's best friend has learned to read us like a book,
:26:51. > :26:55.anticipating our actions, gauging our mood. But how do dogs read and
:26:56. > :27:01.send signals to each other? And have we got it wrong? The latest research
:27:02. > :27:04.suggests that dogs communicate more about themselves with their tails
:27:05. > :27:08.than we previously thought. Scientists in Italy believe we were
:27:09. > :27:14.missing something, so to prove their point, they took 30 family dogs to
:27:15. > :27:18.the cinema. They showed them film of other dogs and monitored their
:27:19. > :27:23.breathing and behaviour. On the screen, some tiles whacked more to
:27:24. > :27:26.the right, others to the left. And the audience reacted differently to
:27:27. > :27:30.reach movement. On that evidence, happy dogs will work their tails
:27:31. > :27:35.more to the right, while nervous dogs will favour the left, the
:27:36. > :27:41.result of emotional responses in the right and left halves of their
:27:42. > :27:46.brain. The dog has been man's best friends are thousands of years, but
:27:47. > :27:50.we have only recently realised how much detail that tails are
:27:51. > :27:54.providing. Dog owners braving a rainy day in Southampton told me the
:27:55. > :27:59.experiment simply bore out there and belief that there was a great deal
:28:00. > :28:06.going on between the ears. She can be nervous of some dogs, so she
:28:07. > :28:12.shows her moods with that. You can see it. If she is not happy with
:28:13. > :28:18.him, she puts her tail down. His tale is always wagging. When there
:28:19. > :28:26.is a big wag, there is lots of excitement, happy dog. A bit of
:28:27. > :28:30.wagging means yes, I am OK, don't worry . Ears, eyes, and she will
:28:31. > :28:36.tuck her tail in if she is not happy. We humans don't always make
:28:37. > :28:40.it easy. Some dogs live their lives minus that vital appendage, an
:28:41. > :28:46.enigma with no alternative but to keep friends and enemies guessing.
:28:47. > :28:51.Gary here knows more about Jimmy. I suspect you will be looking harder
:28:52. > :28:52.when you go home as well. There is so much still to learn about these
:28:53. > :29:03.animals. Now the weather.
:29:04. > :29:06.Walkies will have to be planned carefully around the weather this
:29:07. > :29:12.weekend. Some rain and even snow in the forecast. Before we look ahead,
:29:13. > :29:17.let's look back at October. It was a mild month. Could be one of the top
:29:18. > :29:22.ten warmest Octobers on record. Not as much sunshine as we would like,
:29:23. > :29:28.and away from Scotland, it was a wet month, England's wettest since 2000.
:29:29. > :29:32.Rain on saturated ground brings a risk of local flooding. More rain
:29:33. > :29:38.has been pushing up across England and Wales. In Scotland, heavy
:29:39. > :29:45.showers are driven in on strong wind. Some hail and thunder is
:29:46. > :29:54.possible. Elsewhere in Scotland, and northern England, mainly dry. But
:29:55. > :30:02.across Wales and central England, more rain. To the south of that,
:30:03. > :30:10.plenty of cloud. The closer you are to the south coast tonight, the dry
:30:11. > :30:15.situation could change. Some of the rain will be heavy, especially in
:30:16. > :30:19.the far south-east. Where you have cloud in England and Wales,
:30:20. > :30:24.temperatures hold-up, but where you have got the clear skies, a touch of
:30:25. > :30:31.frost in places. Saturday begins with one weather system clearing,
:30:32. > :30:35.but don't be fooled by the dry start. Another Atlantic low is
:30:36. > :30:39.coming in on Saturday, pushing rain across Northern Ireland in the
:30:40. > :30:46.morning, then across England and Scotland, where it reaches the
:30:47. > :30:52.north-east late in the day. In Scotland, snow may come down to 500
:30:53. > :30:58.metres. Hill walkers, take note. Where you have the wind, rain and
:30:59. > :31:02.snow, it will feel cold. The wind will be picking up, which is
:31:03. > :31:07.important on Saturday evening. Strong winds, especially in England
:31:08. > :31:12.and Wales. That coincides with bonfires and fireworks. It will not
:31:13. > :31:18.be the same as Monday's storm, but it will still be windy, so take
:31:19. > :31:26.care. Diwali celebrations take place this weekend. On Sunday, blustery,
:31:27. > :31:31.with some sunshine. More rain in southern areas late on, bringing a
:31:32. > :31:37.risk of local flooding again on saturated ground. Hope I am not in
:31:38. > :31:38.the dog house. That is all from