:00:10. > :00:14.Millions of people around the world mourned the death of Nelson Mandela
:00:15. > :00:19.as leaders pay their respects to South Africa's first black
:00:20. > :00:22.president. The man who unified a nation and brought an end to
:00:23. > :00:36.apartheid died peacefully last night at the age of 95. Thank you for the
:00:37. > :00:41.gift of Madiba. Thank you for what he has enabled us to know we can
:00:42. > :00:46.become. This is the scene outside Mr
:00:47. > :00:51.Mandela's house, as the people of South Africa prepare to begin three
:00:52. > :00:57.days of national mourning. The union and South African flags
:00:58. > :01:01.fly half mast over Downing Street. David Cameron says one of the
:01:02. > :01:07.brightest light a world has gone out. Today is a day to focus on his
:01:08. > :01:10.legacy, on his life, on his work and above all, on the inspiration that
:01:11. > :01:16.he will give to millions of people across our world.
:01:17. > :01:19.We will bring you the tributes and reaction from South Africa and
:01:20. > :01:24.around the world. The other main news...
:01:25. > :01:27.Swept into the sea, hundreds of people can't the cost after the
:01:28. > :01:34.highest storm surge for 60 years hits the East coast of Britain.
:01:35. > :01:36.I will be reporting live from Boston in Lincolnshire, where the
:01:37. > :01:36.he toured the capital, and just weeks after his I
:01:37. > :01:41.in Lincolnshire, where the record tidal surge caused widespread
:01:42. > :01:45.flooding and misery. And in sport, England are battling
:01:46. > :02:12.to save the second Ashes test and the series.
:02:13. > :02:21.Welcome to the BBC News at one. He was, said Archbishop Desmond
:02:22. > :02:24.Tutu, a precious diamond who proclaimed a message of forgiveness
:02:25. > :02:28.and reconciliation. He was one of many voices painter be today to
:02:29. > :02:33.Nelson Mandela, the man who became South Africa's first president of
:02:34. > :02:37.the post-apartheid era and died last night at the age of 95. Flags over
:02:38. > :02:44.Downing Street and Buckingham Palace are at half mast. In Soweto, where
:02:45. > :02:48.Mr Mandela used to live, hundreds of people have been singing and dancing
:02:49. > :02:55.in spontaneous celebration for the man they called the father of the
:02:56. > :02:58.South African nation. It is South Africa's first day
:02:59. > :03:10.without Nelson Mandela. For many, and idea as applicable as
:03:11. > :03:13.inevitable. He was not just the sole architect of South Africa after
:03:14. > :03:20.apartheid, but as the first democratically elected South African
:03:21. > :03:28.president, he is ensured a place in the country's history. Many have
:03:29. > :03:33.chosen to pay their homage to Nelson Mandela here, at site is hope in the
:03:34. > :03:42.Johannesburg suburbs, introduce South African style. This leafy,
:03:43. > :03:54.normally quiet residential area, was used to having the prisoner turned
:03:55. > :03:57.president, the world's must revert elder statesman, in its midst. But
:03:58. > :04:07.with him no longer among its people, it was different. The people have
:04:08. > :04:15.said the national mood of mourning. It is a sad day in South Africa. We
:04:16. > :04:23.have lost a great role model. The greatest thing is that at least his
:04:24. > :04:27.legacy will live on. We are lucky to be in an area where there was such a
:04:28. > :04:33.great man who had so much to give us. News of Nelson Mandela's death
:04:34. > :04:36.came late in the evening here, but South Africans awoke to newspaper
:04:37. > :04:42.headlines and front pages that sought to do justice to this painful
:04:43. > :04:45.watershed time in the history of the nation. President Jacob Zuma
:04:46. > :04:54.announced what he called the moment of our deepest sorrow. Our nation
:04:55. > :05:04.has lost its greatest son. Our people have lost a father.
:05:05. > :05:15.Although we knew that this day would, -- this day would come,
:05:16. > :05:21.nothing can diminish our sense of a profound and enduring loss. South
:05:22. > :05:27.Africa appears to be unifying in sorrow, in itself a reflection of
:05:28. > :05:31.the reconciliation that Nelson Mandela sought to bring about in
:05:32. > :05:35.this nation where racial division was more institutionalised than any
:05:36. > :05:42.other. There has been remarkable change in places like Soweto, but it
:05:43. > :05:48.is a goal yet to be fully achieved. Nelson Mandela's fellow Norberg
:05:49. > :05:54.peace laureate, Archbishop Desmond Tutu, led a service of thanks in
:05:55. > :05:58.Cape Town's St George 's Cathedral, so often a focus for true test and
:05:59. > :06:08.morning during the days of apartheid. Lord, thank you for the
:06:09. > :06:16.gift of Madiba. Thank you for what he has enabled us to
:06:17. > :06:31.know what we can become. And from FW de Klerk, this tribute. He was a
:06:32. > :06:39.great man. He was a very special man. I think his greatest legacy to
:06:40. > :06:52.South Africa and to the world is the emphasis which he has always put on
:06:53. > :06:58.the need for reconciliation. Many mourning publicly today speak
:06:59. > :07:03.of the life of a public legend, but the personal loss to, especially
:07:04. > :07:09.those who felt he brought them chances in life they would have been
:07:10. > :07:12.denied. And now, South Africa will discover the influence of his
:07:13. > :07:17.legacy, rather than his physical presence, which seemed to offer hope
:07:18. > :07:23.to so many matter how little they saw of him in the final years of his
:07:24. > :07:29.life. Mr Mandela died just a few months before this country's next
:07:30. > :07:33.election, which is historic as it is 20 years after 1994, the first
:07:34. > :07:38.nonracial election. There are questions to be asked about how his
:07:39. > :07:50.legacy will play into election campaigning and its outcome. For
:07:51. > :07:54.now, the emphasis here is all on mourning, which is expected to
:07:55. > :08:00.intensify in the lead up to his burial.
:08:01. > :08:03.Around the world, flags are flying at half-mast as leaders remember
:08:04. > :08:07.Nelson Mandela and pay tribute to him. The Queen said Mr Mandela had
:08:08. > :08:11.worked tirelessly for the good of his country. Barack Obama spoke
:08:12. > :08:16.about how he was one of the countless millions who drew
:08:17. > :08:20.inspiration from Mr Mandela's life. Our diplomatic correspondent has
:08:21. > :08:24.more. In Trafalgar Square in London this
:08:25. > :08:31.morning, the flag on South Africa House was at half-mast. Down below,
:08:32. > :08:35.the messages, flowers and other tributes were beginning to pile up.
:08:36. > :08:40.Passers-by, quietly adding their tokens. Among the mourners who came
:08:41. > :08:48.to sign the book of condolence, David Cameron. The abiding memory I
:08:49. > :08:54.have is just seeing him in Johannesburg talking about the
:08:55. > :08:58.people who had imprisoned him and the suffering he had undergone, and
:08:59. > :09:03.yet his total lack of malice towards those who had done this to him.
:09:04. > :09:08.Across the Atlantic, when news of Nelson Mandela's death came after
:09:09. > :09:12.darkness, the American flag was also raised to half-mast on the White
:09:13. > :09:17.House and President Obama made a heartfelt tribute which was deeply
:09:18. > :09:21.personal. I am one of the countless millions who drew inspiration from
:09:22. > :09:29.Nelson Mandela's life. My very first political action, the first thing I
:09:30. > :09:36.ever did that involved an issue or policy or politics, was protest
:09:37. > :09:39.against apartheid. In New York, the passing of a great leader was
:09:40. > :09:46.mourned both in Times Square and at the United Nations, where diplomats
:09:47. > :09:51.in the Security Council paused in silent tribute. Across the globe,
:09:52. > :09:55.messages from world leaders have poured in. China's president
:09:56. > :10:00.recalled Mandela's friendship with China. India's Prime Minister
:10:01. > :10:04.lamented the passing of a giant among men. Russia's president called
:10:05. > :10:19.him an outstanding politician. Brazil THE COMMENTATOR:
:10:20. > :10:29.Brazil's president warned his loss. We have lost a true hero. President
:10:30. > :10:33.nestled Mandela -- Nelson Mandela lived an extraordinary life in an
:10:34. > :10:36.ordinary way. The Queen said she remembered her meetings with Mr
:10:37. > :10:44.Mandela with warmth and was deeply saddened. Prince Charles, who took a
:10:45. > :10:50.round Brixton, recalled his courage. He seemed to have touched
:10:51. > :10:56.everyone who met him. Former US president will Clinton said, -- Bill
:10:57. > :11:00.Clinton said he had lost a true friend. Tony Blair praised him as a
:11:01. > :11:11.great man who had made racism not just a moral, but stupid. And
:11:12. > :11:16.Charlize Theron said his impact would live for ever. By chance,
:11:17. > :11:25.there was a film of his life in London last night. We were just
:11:26. > :11:28.reminded what an extraordinary and inspiring man Nelson Mandela was and
:11:29. > :11:33.our thoughts and prayers are with him and his family.
:11:34. > :11:40.More members of the Royal family were at South Africa House this
:11:41. > :11:45.morning for a towering figure for it -- whose impact on the world has
:11:46. > :11:50.surely been monumental. Nelson Mandela's legacy is the
:11:51. > :11:53.so-called rainbow nation that South Africa is today. He fought to end
:11:54. > :11:58.white minority rule. When the tables were turned and non-whites gained
:11:59. > :12:03.power, he spoke of reconciliation, not retribution or revenge. Our
:12:04. > :12:09.diplomatic correspondent looks back at his life and the way he inspired
:12:10. > :12:15.ordinary South Africans. Nelson Mandela was born in 1918 in
:12:16. > :12:19.South Africa's Eastern Cape, a member of the local tribal royal
:12:20. > :12:23.house. In the 1950s in Johannesburg, when he set up as a lawyer in
:12:24. > :12:32.partnership with Oliver Tambo, their work challenged apartheid. Our part
:12:33. > :12:39.-- apartheid was the edifice of law which favoured South Africa's white
:12:40. > :12:46.minority. The state crushed all opposition or defiance. Many would
:12:47. > :12:49.feel it is useless and futile for us to continue talking peace and
:12:50. > :12:56.nonviolence against a government whose reply is only savage attacks
:12:57. > :13:02.on and on an unarmed and defenceless people. Mandela led an armed
:13:03. > :13:06.campaign of ANC sabotage against the state. He was eventually arrested
:13:07. > :13:11.and charged with conspiracy to overthrow the government. At his
:13:12. > :13:15.trial he made a three-hour speech on the dock, including a pledge to give
:13:16. > :13:19.his life if necessary. The words echoed down his 27 years in prison
:13:20. > :13:25.and were an example which inspired so many others. Antoinette Peterson
:13:26. > :13:32.is still coming to terms with her loss as a schoolgirl in the 1970s.
:13:33. > :13:36.Look at her screaming grief. It is June, 1976 and her 13-year-old
:13:37. > :13:44.brother, Hector, has just been shot and killed by the police. He was the
:13:45. > :13:56.first victim of the Soweto uprising. I never thought I would talk about
:13:57. > :14:06.it. Every time I spoke about it I was traumatised. And then I realised
:14:07. > :14:09.that if he can do it, so can I. This woman used to teach in a white only
:14:10. > :14:15.skill and believed Mandela was a terrorist, now she rejoices in
:14:16. > :14:21.multiracial education. In the 1990s, she was scared when Nelson Mandela
:14:22. > :14:26.was freed from prison. Was it going to be safe for white South Africans?
:14:27. > :14:30.Will we be able to move around the way we used to? Are we now going to
:14:31. > :14:34.be able to throw into jail because we are white? He started talking and
:14:35. > :14:42.reassured people that this country is going to work together and is
:14:43. > :14:47.never going to have apartheid. That set our minds at rest. There are
:14:48. > :14:50.thousands, millions of South Africans with similar stories, and
:14:51. > :14:57.they help to explain why Nelson Mandela was such a hero. He was a
:14:58. > :15:02.giant of his age. When he was finally released from prison in
:15:03. > :15:07.1990, it was his sheer stature, physical, moral and political, which
:15:08. > :15:11.transformed South Africa. He had to negotiate an end to white rule but
:15:12. > :15:16.also had to confront black people fighting and killing each other.
:15:17. > :15:20.Eventually, four years later, the country's first democratic
:15:21. > :15:27.multiracial elections delivered Mandela and the ANCA landslide
:15:28. > :15:36.victory. -- the ANC a landslide victory. It was an astonishing
:15:37. > :15:42.testimony to one-man 's greatness. Let's take you back to Soweto. You
:15:43. > :15:46.described scenes of celebration earlier. It seems even in death,
:15:47. > :16:00.Nelson Mandela has the ability to inspire. It should be said, this is
:16:01. > :16:06.the street where Nelson Mandela's old home in the 1940s and 1950s was,
:16:07. > :16:11.and it is a street which is visited by people from around the world
:16:12. > :16:15.every day. That atmosphere has not particularly changed today. But
:16:16. > :16:21.mixed in with it is that sense of loss and sorrow. There is no doubt
:16:22. > :16:24.about that. I think we will see it reflected across the country. And
:16:25. > :16:27.particularly perhaps that will be the case in the Eastern Cape, the
:16:28. > :16:33.place where he was born, where he grew up, the place that still feels
:16:34. > :16:43.he is their son, as we move towards his funeral next week. In terms of
:16:44. > :16:48.an official capacity, what happens next? There will be three days of
:16:49. > :16:52.mourning. We then have what in this part of South Africa will be the
:16:53. > :16:56.major event, it will be a service of national mourning, in the 19,000
:16:57. > :17:02.capacity stadium which is located just between Soweto and
:17:03. > :17:06.Johannesburg. That will be a huge event, as indeed will, in a
:17:07. > :17:12.different kind of way, the funeral and burial. The issue is that where
:17:13. > :17:16.he will be buried is a very remote place. So, given that governments
:17:17. > :17:21.all around the world will be sending leaders and dignitaries and
:17:22. > :17:26.admirers, and celebrities and many other people will be wanting to be
:17:27. > :17:28.part of the ceremonies, there is an enormous logistical challenge for
:17:29. > :17:33.the government. It is obviously one they will have been preparing for,
:17:34. > :17:36.but now they face the reality, a big test for the government of this
:17:37. > :17:44.country over the next nine or ten days. Communities here have also
:17:45. > :17:49.been mourning the loss of Nelson Mandela, but also celebrating his
:17:50. > :17:56.life. He was made an honorary freemen of Leeds during a visit in
:17:57. > :17:59.2001. He took to the stage in Millennium Square that day. Our
:18:00. > :18:10.correspondent was at the concert and has returned to the square.
:18:11. > :18:15.Why did one city do so much for one man? The people of Leeds stood
:18:16. > :18:20.firmly behind Nelson Mandela. This was his thank you to them during his
:18:21. > :18:30.visit to Yorkshire in 2001 after being made a freemen of the city.
:18:31. > :18:41.Fortunately, I am a pensioner. Secondly, I am unemployed. And
:18:42. > :18:45.thirdly, I have a criminal record. The support for Nelson Mandela in
:18:46. > :18:51.Leeds began in the 1960s after his arrest. The ANC leader was made
:18:52. > :18:56.honorary president of the students union at the University of leads. In
:18:57. > :19:02.1973, a nuclear particle discovered by scientists in Leeds was named
:19:03. > :19:08.after Mandela. Throughout the 1980s, students in the city protested for
:19:09. > :19:13.his relief. -- for his relief -- for his release. This man spent time in
:19:14. > :19:19.prison with Nelson Mandela, and he led the cause to free his friend. He
:19:20. > :19:23.was like a father. When I am going there, I am the youngest prisoner on
:19:24. > :19:28.the island. A lot of people look at me as their son. He used to talk a
:19:29. > :19:33.lot, he was a great talker, but he was also a great listener, he would
:19:34. > :19:37.listen to you. This garden in leads was named after Nelson Mandela. He
:19:38. > :19:41.opened it during his visit to the city. He told the people here it was
:19:42. > :19:51.a gesture which made him feel at peace. I am very happy indeed to
:19:52. > :19:57.open this. Not only to have got the freedom of the city but to have seen
:19:58. > :20:01.the garden. On his visit to the town in 2001, it to decades of support
:20:02. > :20:04.from this city. There were thousands here that day, and I was one of
:20:05. > :20:08.them. There was a sense of excitement, but nervousness as well
:20:09. > :20:12.- what would this man think of them and their city? But with a single
:20:13. > :20:18.moment, all of those fears were allayed, as Nelson Mandela raised
:20:19. > :20:24.clenched fist, a sign of solidarity, in recognition of what the people of
:20:25. > :20:31.Leeds had done in his name. It is something this city can feel rightly
:20:32. > :20:36.proud of. We will return to this story later on in this specially
:20:37. > :20:41.extended bulletin. Also to let you know come tonight on BBC One, you
:20:42. > :20:48.can see a special programme, presented by David Dimbleby. That is
:20:49. > :20:52.at nine o'clock. Now, we turn to the weather. Parts of the UK were
:20:53. > :20:58.battered by storm force winds yesterday. A predicted tidal surge
:20:59. > :21:01.has now hit coastal towns. Thousands of people have been evacuated from
:21:02. > :21:06.their homes as a precaution against flooding. In Norfolk, a lifeboat
:21:07. > :21:18.station has been washed into the sea. Our correspondent Ben Ando is
:21:19. > :21:22.in great Yarmouth for us. As you said, many homes have been flooded.
:21:23. > :21:28.In some cases, a couple have been washed away. While nobody would be
:21:29. > :21:33.able to minimise the impact of that devastation for those people, it is
:21:34. > :21:37.also fair to say, I think, in the aftermath of this storm, that
:21:38. > :21:41.meticulous planning and the flood defences installed across the east
:21:42. > :21:47.coast have minimised the impact for many, many more people. More than
:21:48. > :21:50.half a century after the devastating floods of 1953, once again, the
:21:51. > :21:55.waters of the North Sea have risen to take back we claimed land on the
:21:56. > :22:02.east coast. A combination of storm force winds and high tides created a
:22:03. > :22:07.huge surge of water which threatened a vast expanse of low-lying coastal
:22:08. > :22:11.areas. At Hemsby on the north Norfolk coast, the water tore away
:22:12. > :22:15.cliffs, sending these homes tumbling into the sea. No one was hurt.
:22:16. > :22:20.Further down the coast, in great Yarmouth, 9000 households were
:22:21. > :22:29.advised to evacuate. Some stayed, however. In some cases, the water
:22:30. > :22:32.stopped just inches from the door. You have to take that risk when you
:22:33. > :22:37.move into a place like this, unfortunately. Just around the
:22:38. > :22:42.corner, this local businessman was less fortunate. We have probably got
:22:43. > :22:49.about six inches of water, but it slopes away, so we have got about
:22:50. > :22:55.two feet of water in the workshop. It is high tide, and water levels
:22:56. > :23:00.but last night, the high tide was combined with a storm surge,
:23:01. > :23:04.bringing the water all the way up to here. Another high tide is forecast
:23:05. > :23:08.for tonight, but the Environment Agency says it appears as though the
:23:09. > :23:14.worst has passed. From Cleethorpes and Austen in Lincolnshire, the
:23:15. > :23:21.surge moved down during the night reaching as far as Kent in the South
:23:22. > :23:25.Coast. Water levels were raised by up to two metres, testing flood
:23:26. > :23:33.defences. In some areas soldiers were called in to key installations.
:23:34. > :23:42.Our engineers are out now, checking the safety of the defences. On the
:23:43. > :23:52.soft defences, shingle banks, for example, in Norfolk, we know we have
:23:53. > :23:56.got damage. Several hundred people spent the night in emergency
:23:57. > :23:59.shelters. Many are now preparing to return home. While there remains
:24:00. > :24:04.much work to be done, along the east coast there is a sense that the
:24:05. > :24:08.forces of nature were tamed, in stark contrast to the destruction
:24:09. > :24:15.the last time the waters rose this high, 60 years ago. To put it in
:24:16. > :24:21.context, back in 1953, more than 300 people were killed on the east coast
:24:22. > :24:26.of England and in Scotland by the devastating floods. While yes, there
:24:27. > :24:30.are repairs to be done, and yes, there is another high tide forecast
:24:31. > :24:34.tonight, and yes, there will still be some homes flooded and people
:24:35. > :24:37.evacuated, it is clear that for the most part, the planning and the
:24:38. > :24:45.flood defences installed since then did their job. Back to you. Further
:24:46. > :24:48.up the coast, up to 200 homes and businesses were flooded in Whitby in
:24:49. > :24:54.North Yorkshire. The Environment Agency has 14 severe flood warnings
:24:55. > :24:59.in place in England. Dan Johnson has sent this report. It came and went
:25:00. > :25:04.quickly, but it has left the misery and ruin in its wake. The residents
:25:05. > :25:10.of church street had two feet of water through their homes. I kept
:25:11. > :25:15.looking out and thinking, it is going to get into this house. This
:25:16. > :25:18.ex-fishermen had help in cleaning up this morning, but there is anger
:25:19. > :25:24.here that there was not more flood protection. It was not rocket
:25:25. > :25:28.science what was going to happen yesterday. Sandbags would have saved
:25:29. > :25:35.these places, we could've done a good job with a few sandbags. Storm
:25:36. > :25:41.surges brought huge waves and an exceptional tide last night, which
:25:42. > :25:46.topped the harbour wall. Businesses like this one so the damage will run
:25:47. > :25:51.into thousands. We have flooded once like this before, but it was just a
:25:52. > :25:55.trickle, we had to clean the door out. Since then they have put in
:25:56. > :26:01.flood areas and stuff, but they have all been breached. Is Mrs like this
:26:02. > :26:08.pub did get sandbags. In many cases, they were not much use. The
:26:09. > :26:11.Environment Agency said this was an unprecedented storm surge, the worst
:26:12. > :26:16.in 50 years, but there are plans to improve the flood offences here in
:26:17. > :26:22.future. The water came right up to here... It is little consolation to
:26:23. > :26:29.those who have two clear up and carry on, and many here are wary of
:26:30. > :26:37.what the next high tide may bring. Ben Brown is in Boston in
:26:38. > :26:40.Lincolnshire. To have -- 200 properties there are still
:26:41. > :26:44.evacuated. What is the latest? At about seven o'clock last night, the
:26:45. > :26:48.flood waters from that tidal surge came crashing over the flood
:26:49. > :26:53.defences. In this street, you can see is of the damage, a wall
:26:54. > :26:57.demolished, this is carpet from inside the house, absolutely soaking
:26:58. > :27:04.wet. They are throwing that out, they do not have insurance. On that
:27:05. > :27:06.side of the street, they put up some makeshift flood defences, and those
:27:07. > :27:14.seem to have done the trick. But on this side, the water came in, it was
:27:15. > :27:18.needed at times. Let's speak to one householder here, who has had to
:27:19. > :27:23.pull up all her floorboards because it has been so wet. How shocked were
:27:24. > :27:29.you when the flooding came in? Absolutely horrified. It was
:27:30. > :27:33.absolutely to refit. It was just bubbling up and coming straight
:27:34. > :27:38.over, through the front, through the back, it was terrible. Have you had
:27:39. > :27:43.enough help from the authorities? No help whatsoever, none. Absolutely
:27:44. > :27:47.nothing, no sandbags, no offers, nothing. So, a pretty devastating
:27:48. > :27:50.situation here in Boston, especially just in the run-up to Christmas real
:27:51. > :28:03.misery for the people here. Our main story - millions of people
:28:04. > :28:07.around the world have been mourning the death of Nelson Mandela, as
:28:08. > :28:12.leaders pay their respects to the father of post-apartheid South
:28:13. > :28:13.Africa. With the highest storm surge for 60 years
:28:14. > :28:14.are at half mast. In Soweto, where Mr Mandela used to live, hundreds of
:28:15. > :28:14.people I Mr Mandela used to live, hundreds of
:28:15. > :28:21.for 60 years on the east coast, most flood defences appear to be holding,
:28:22. > :28:25.but flood warnings remain in place. Later on BBC London, a special
:28:26. > :28:29.report from Seville, with a key adviser to the mayor looking at how
:28:30. > :28:33.to make cycling in the capital safer. And after the flooding, we
:28:34. > :28:40.look ahead to this weekend's weather.
:28:41. > :28:49.The Chancellor, George Osborne, has made claims of strong economic
:28:50. > :28:52.growth, but that claim has come under scrutiny today, with some
:28:53. > :28:55.economists warning that the recovery may not be sustainable. Let's get
:28:56. > :29:02.more from Hugh Pym. What exactly have they said? Well, the Chancellor
:29:03. > :29:04.was out and about this morning, visiting the JCB plant in
:29:05. > :29:09.Staffordshire, which has been creating jobs, and he said
:29:10. > :29:12.manufacturing was key to getting the recovery going. He keeps using the
:29:13. > :29:16.phrase responsible recovery, by which he means a balanced recovery.
:29:17. > :29:22.Yes, Manufacturing has been doing pretty well so this year, but many
:29:23. > :29:25.economists have looked at the upgrade to the growth forecasts
:29:26. > :29:29.which we got yesterday and said actually, it is quite largely based
:29:30. > :29:35.on household consumption, people spending more. How are they spending
:29:36. > :29:39.more? Actually, everyone knows, who has not had much of a pay rise this
:29:40. > :29:42.year, that inflation is running well ahead of pay rises, so they are
:29:43. > :29:46.getting squeezed, so where is the money coming from? To a certain
:29:47. > :29:52.extent, they are running down their savings. Is this a responsible time
:29:53. > :29:54.to do that, well, that is a matter for debate. The Institute for Fiscal
:29:55. > :29:58.Studies has come out with its verdict, and they say, yes, we are
:29:59. > :30:03.getting more growth, borrowing is down, but if you look at the
:30:04. > :30:08.underlying structural deficit, that has not improved at all, in fact it
:30:09. > :30:14.has got slightly worse. They look at Mr Osborne's claimed that in
:30:15. > :30:19.2018-19, there will be a small surplus on the public finances, with
:30:20. > :30:23.no borrowing, and the Institute for Fiscal Studies says, to get that, it
:30:24. > :30:26.will need even more austerity, really pretty tough spending cuts in
:30:27. > :30:34.that particular year, to get into surplus. So all of this is possible,
:30:35. > :30:37.as set out yesterday, but it is going to need just as rigorous a set
:30:38. > :30:41.of spending cuts after the election as what we will be seeing for the
:30:42. > :30:48.next couple of years, and there is a bit of a question over whether that
:30:49. > :30:52.can be achieved or not. We return now to our main story, the death of
:30:53. > :30:57.the former South African president and anti-apartheid campaigner Nelson
:30:58. > :31:01.Mandela. Throughout the 1970s and 80s, when he was imprisoned for his
:31:02. > :31:04.beliefs, people in the UK were at the forefront of the campaign to
:31:05. > :31:09.free him and bring an end to the apartheid regime. Nelson Mandela
:31:10. > :31:17.visited the UK on several occasions, including his state visit
:31:18. > :31:28.is 1996, as Razia Iqbal explains. I love each and everyone of you. I
:31:29. > :31:33.would like to put each and everyone of you in my pocket and to return
:31:34. > :31:36.with you to South Africa. The prisoner who became the president
:31:37. > :31:40.had a special place in the soul of a nation thousands of miles away from
:31:41. > :31:44.his home. From streets to squares and statues, signposts of a
:31:45. > :31:48.relationship which did much to raise awareness of the struggle against
:31:49. > :31:52.apartheid outside South Africa. But also, a measure of the mutual
:31:53. > :31:59.affection and affinity between Nelson Mandela and the United
:32:00. > :32:02.Kingdom. It is hard to imagine a place he was held in higher esteem
:32:03. > :32:14.than in the London Borough of Brixton. It is a place he asked to
:32:15. > :32:18.go to during his 1996 state visit. It was a tremendously exciting day.
:32:19. > :32:22.None of us had ever expected that Madiba himself would come to
:32:23. > :32:29.Brixton. In 1981, when there was all of the troubles here, we identified
:32:30. > :32:33.what was happening, it was the most extreme version of what we were
:32:34. > :32:39.experiencing. So, he embodied all of these hopes and dreams, and this is
:32:40. > :32:44.the heart of the black community in the country, like Harlem, and he was
:32:45. > :32:48.coming here. Many who waited to see him that they were not even born
:32:49. > :32:52.when he was released from prison, but that did not matter. The
:32:53. > :32:56.anti-apartheid movement here was spearheaded by charismatic South
:32:57. > :33:01.Africans in exile. But there were many British volunteers as well. The
:33:02. > :33:04.movement ran on a huge amount of conviction, belief and very little
:33:05. > :33:11.money. We were activists, we went and did things, we demonstrated, we
:33:12. > :33:15.leafleted, we went to concerts, we boycotted, we picketed shops. There
:33:16. > :33:19.was a tremendous positive feeling that we were involved in something
:33:20. > :33:22.which was really positive. Trevor Phillips was a student when he
:33:23. > :33:29.joined the anti-apartheid movement and he met I was dimly aware of
:33:30. > :33:33.Nelson Mandela at the beginning. I think he grew on us as a figure the
:33:34. > :33:39.longer he was in jail, because it just became clear, this guy could
:33:40. > :33:58.make or break, and he became, what happened to him became symbolic.
:33:59. > :34:09.British trade interests were targeted, and calls for bans on
:34:10. > :34:14.South African products increased. But Margaret Thatcher did not
:34:15. > :34:20.agree. I think Margaret was hostile to the idea of sanctions, because
:34:21. > :34:28.she was concerned about doing damage to the people of South Africa,
:34:29. > :34:32.without persuading the leadership. The vast majority of British people
:34:33. > :34:37.were not persuaded by their own government. London remains the focus
:34:38. > :34:42.of the anti-apartheid campaign, and there was a massive concert in
:34:43. > :34:45.London, which was beamed around the world. It was Mandela's story which
:34:46. > :34:58.galvanise people across generations, colour and creed.
:34:59. > :35:03.Mandela's warm relationship with the UK continued, and he never forgot
:35:04. > :35:08.the part of this country played in the struggle for his freedom.
:35:09. > :35:12.Throughout the morning, flowers and tributes have been left at the
:35:13. > :35:14.statue of Nelson Mandela in Parliament Square. Our chief
:35:15. > :35:21.political correspondent, Norman Smith, is there. We can see some of
:35:22. > :35:24.those floral tributes. Yes, the Mayor of London has urged Londoners
:35:25. > :35:28.and others who want to pay tribute to Nelson Mandela to come to this
:35:29. > :35:35.statue, which he himself unveiled in 2007. Let me just read you some of
:35:36. > :35:40.the tributes which have been placed around him. One message says, you
:35:41. > :35:47.taught the world that one man can change the world. Potential will
:35:48. > :35:55.move to Parliament next week, -- attention will move to Parliament
:35:56. > :35:58.next week, when MPs and peers will be paying tribute, remembering
:35:59. > :36:02.Nelson Mandela. It will almost be an unprecedented occasion. And then,
:36:03. > :36:08.they are also examining a possible occasion when ordinary people,
:36:09. > :36:11.so-called civic society, people who were associated with Nelson Mandela
:36:12. > :36:17.threw his political struggles or charitable work or his foundation,
:36:18. > :36:20.they can have their own day in the historic Westminster Hall, and that
:36:21. > :36:25.would be an unprecedented occasion, a unique event, which underlines
:36:26. > :36:31.what a unique political figure Nelson Mandela was.
:36:32. > :36:37.Throughout the apartheid era, much of the sporting world boycotted
:36:38. > :36:41.South Africa as a means of focusing attention on what was going on
:36:42. > :36:43.there. Not only that, after his release from prison, Nelson Mandela
:36:44. > :36:49.soon realised that sport could be used to help unify the divided
:36:50. > :36:54.nation and should the world a new South Africa, as Andy Swiss reports.
:36:55. > :37:00.It was an image which United a nation and enraptured the world, a
:37:01. > :37:05.black South African president in the jersey of white South African sport.
:37:06. > :37:09.Just a few years earlier, it would have seemed unthinkable, but at the
:37:10. > :37:14.1995 Rugby World Cup final, as Nelson Mandela handed the trophy to
:37:15. > :37:20.Francois Pienaar, South Africa's years of division turned to
:37:21. > :37:25.collective celebration. We have 65,000 South Africans here today. We
:37:26. > :37:29.did not have city 5000 South Africans, we had 43 million South
:37:30. > :37:32.Africans. Nelson Mandela had unified nation, in politics, and now in
:37:33. > :37:47.sport. It remains a defining moment. People were still happy to see
:37:48. > :37:52.Nelson Mandela hand over the trophy. It unified the country. A keen
:37:53. > :37:58.amateur boxer in his youth, Nelson Mandela always believed in the power
:37:59. > :38:04.of sport and after his imprisonment, sport tried to exert that power.
:38:05. > :38:08.Overseas teams largely boycotted South Africa during the apartheid
:38:09. > :38:16.years. After he became president, he embraced the sporting world. His
:38:17. > :38:20.arrest man -- charisma was key to South Africa hosting the World Cup
:38:21. > :38:26.in 2010. Sport has the power to change the world. On the world's
:38:27. > :38:30.biggest stars lined up to meet him, from David Beckham to Muhammad Ali,
:38:31. > :38:33.who said that Nelson Mandela had taught forgiveness on a grand
:38:34. > :38:41.scale. His final appearance was at the 2010 World Cup final in
:38:42. > :38:46.Johannesburg. Already, the sporting world is paying its respects. There
:38:47. > :38:57.was a minute's silence before the Ashes Test in Adelaide, the first of
:38:58. > :39:02.many tributes to a man whose belief in sport was that it had the ability
:39:03. > :39:05.to transform a nation. In the last be moments, President Zuma has said
:39:06. > :39:12.the funeral of Nelson Mandela will take place on Sunday, 15th December.
:39:13. > :39:20.You watch that report. Extraordinary scenes, what are your thoughts from
:39:21. > :39:26.a national prospective? We need to remember what the Springboks
:39:27. > :39:31.symbolised for a black South Africans. It was a sign of
:39:32. > :39:34.oppression, a sign of racial segregation, a sign that said, if
:39:35. > :39:41.you are wearing that shirt it means you are my enemy. A black South
:39:42. > :39:45.African would not be seen dead wearing a Springboks jersey. But
:39:46. > :39:52.because Nelson Mandela wanted to unite a very racially divided nation
:39:53. > :39:58.that was at the brink of civil war, he wore it as a sign of trying to
:39:59. > :40:04.symbolise this reconciliation that he kept talking about and preaching
:40:05. > :40:12.about when he became president. And of course, when he was released from
:40:13. > :40:20.prison. That Rugby World Cup in 1995, when South Africa won, and
:40:21. > :40:26.Nelson Mandela showed the players Pae hands, he called all of them by
:40:27. > :40:32.name anti-was wearing the jersey. -- and he was wearing the jersey. It
:40:33. > :40:37.was a sign of saying that South Africa was going to become a rainbow
:40:38. > :40:42.nation. From a personal perspective, you and your family have lived
:40:43. > :40:46.through these periods. How do you reflect on what Nelson Mandela has
:40:47. > :40:56.done for South Africa? He has done a lot in terms of trying to shape
:40:57. > :40:58.South Africa not to fall into a hopeless disaster that people
:40:59. > :41:03.thought it would become because all of a sudden a black man was leading.
:41:04. > :41:07.All of a sudden, black people had rights, human rights in South Africa
:41:08. > :41:14.when for many decades, they were treated as subhuman by a minority
:41:15. > :41:20.group. There was a lot of that going on. What he symbolised and what the
:41:21. > :41:23.hope is right now in South Africa is that South Africans will carry this
:41:24. > :41:31.torch that he has held until he took his last breath. Mandela took his
:41:32. > :41:35.last walk to freedom yesterday. It is now up to South Africa to take
:41:36. > :41:43.that and continue and make South Africa prosper, with all its flaws.
:41:44. > :41:48.There is hope. Thank you for your thoughts.
:41:49. > :41:50.It is time to take you to the weather. Plenty of flood warnings
:41:51. > :42:00.still in place. Of course we are still focusing on
:42:01. > :42:09.the north sea coast itself around East Anglia. Let's have a look at
:42:10. > :42:19.the next high tide. We have already had it again. The next in Great
:42:20. > :42:23.Yarmouth is at 10:44pm. The storm surge from the wind has gone but we
:42:24. > :42:28.still have high tides to content with on the coast and the Thames
:42:29. > :42:34.Barrier will be closed this afternoon and into this evening. For
:42:35. > :42:39.weather, like rain and some sleet, and some snow for some this evening
:42:40. > :42:44.and overnight. Let's have a look in more detail. Pretty chilly with
:42:45. > :42:48.temperatures around East Anglia and into Lincolnshire. Barely above
:42:49. > :42:52.freezing at this stage. In the south-west, this is where we will
:42:53. > :42:58.have the least cold weather. Notice this line of light rain nudging into
:42:59. > :43:01.the north-west of England, Northern Ireland, southwestern Scotland and
:43:02. > :43:10.the West Midlands, this weather front is nudging into the Arctic are
:43:11. > :43:13.after the storm. -- Arctic error. The thought is that through this
:43:14. > :43:19.evening there will be sleet and snow in lower ground in part of Scotland
:43:20. > :43:24.and England. There is the possibility of freezing rain and the
:43:25. > :43:27.risk of ice. Late in the night and as we get into the early hours of
:43:28. > :43:39.Saturday, the milder Atlantic are starts to push in and clear away the
:43:40. > :43:42.Arctic error towards the east. It is pushing unless cold air across the
:43:43. > :43:47.UK. It means tomorrow, temperatures will be a little bit higher. They
:43:48. > :43:52.will be around seven, eight or nine degrees, fairly cloudy with some
:43:53. > :43:56.spots of rain. Yes, a bit of a breeze but no gale force winds
:43:57. > :44:01.inland. On Sunday, high pressure is towards the south of the country but
:44:02. > :44:07.there are still weather systems in the North. A decent breeze in
:44:08. > :44:14.northern areas with some rain. Temperatures getting up to about 10
:44:15. > :44:17.degrees. You are wondering what the weather will be like after all of
:44:18. > :44:22.the horrendous weather and this is the outlook - generally speaking, it
:44:23. > :44:31.is looking mostly settled with light winds.
:44:32. > :44:36.That is all from this specially extended programme. There will be
:44:37. > :44:42.more throughout the afternoon on the BBC News Channel. In a moment we
:44:43. > :44:48.will join our news teams where you are. For the moment, we believe you
:44:49. > :44:59.with some images of the life and legacy of Nelson Mandela.
:45:00. > :45:06.There are many people who feel that it is useless and futile for us to
:45:07. > :45:11.continue talking peace and nonviolence against a government
:45:12. > :45:19.whose reply is only savage attacks on and on and defenceless people. --
:45:20. > :45:26.on an unarmed. It is an idea for which I am
:45:27. > :45:31.prepared to die. One of the things that is difficult
:45:32. > :45:39.for me to comprehend is that I spent such a long time here.
:45:40. > :45:50.There is Mr Nelson Mandela, a free man. We have realised our greatest
:45:51. > :46:02.dream of being free at last in our own country.
:46:03. > :46:08.Never, never and never again shall it be that this beautiful land shall
:46:09. > :46:20.again experience the oppression of one or another.
:46:21. > :46:27.It is time for new hands to lift the bat on. It is in your hands now.