:00:00. > :00:07.Decision day in Westminster as MPs are asked to make up their minds
:00:08. > :00:14.The debate is underway in the House of Commons with the result of the
:00:15. > :00:23.My strong view is that this House should make clear that we will take
:00:24. > :00:25.up our responsibilities rather than pass them off
:00:26. > :00:34.and put our own national security in the hands of others.
:00:35. > :00:41.Public opinion is moving increasingly against what I believe
:00:42. > :00:46.to be an ill thought out rush to war and he wants to hold this vote
:00:47. > :00:51.before the opinion grows further against it.
:00:52. > :00:54.Six typhoons and two tornados are ready to be deployed if Mps vote
:00:55. > :00:57.in favour of bombing the Islamic State group in Syria.
:00:58. > :00:58.We'll bring you the latest from Westminster
:00:59. > :01:01.as the debate unfolds and we'll be talking to our correspondent
:01:02. > :01:04.Also on the programme this lunchtime:
:01:05. > :01:05.The Facebook founder Mark Mark Zuckerberg greets
:01:06. > :01:10.the birth of his baby with a ?30 billion gift to the world.
:01:11. > :01:13.Four men in their 30s have been arrested in Luton on suspicion
:01:14. > :01:16.Wartime speeches and letters to Stalin penned by Sir
:01:17. > :01:23.Winston Churchill are given to the UN's Memory of the World Register.
:01:24. > :01:28.The mayor says Londoner's won't be any more at threat from terrorism as
:01:29. > :01:32.And a report into hospital closures in north west
:01:33. > :01:51.London says the proposals are flawed and could make things worse.
:01:52. > :01:57.Good afternoon and welcome to the BBC News at One.
:01:58. > :01:59.MPs are debating now whether to authorise RAF air strikes
:02:00. > :02:03.against the Islamic State group in Syria with a vote expected
:02:04. > :02:09.David Cameron has been trying to persuade MPs that it's in the UK's
:02:10. > :02:12.national interest to extend its current bombing campaign
:02:13. > :02:18.All the arithmetic suggests the Government will win the vote, but
:02:19. > :02:21.there are still concerns from MPs across all parties about the scope
:02:22. > :02:26.of air strikes and their likely impact on the future of Syria.
:02:27. > :02:29.We'll have the latest from Damascus in a moment and from RAF Akrotiri
:02:30. > :02:32.on Cyprus where those British fighter jets are based.
:02:33. > :02:41.But first let's cross to Ben Brown who's in Westminster.
:02:42. > :02:44.Yes, that debate has now been underway for an hour and a half.
:02:45. > :02:47.It was opened by the Prime Minister, who's been arguing that
:02:48. > :02:51.the fight needs to be taken to IS in Syria because that's where attacks
:02:52. > :02:59.He says attacks will reduce the threat to the UK.
:03:00. > :03:02.Needless to say, that's a point of view rejected by other MPs,
:03:03. > :03:06.Our first report this lunchtime is from our political correspondent,
:03:07. > :03:16.It is the biggest decision a Prime Minister makes. This morning David
:03:17. > :03:20.Cameron left for the Commons to make his case, confident he has the
:03:21. > :03:26.support in Parliament for UK military action.
:03:27. > :03:29.The RAF is already dropping bombs on IS targets in Iraq and the
:03:30. > :03:32.Government says that must be extended across the border joining
:03:33. > :03:38.countries including the United States and France already attacking
:03:39. > :03:43.IS in Syria. At a private meeting of Conservative MPs last night, the
:03:44. > :03:46.Prime Minister branded opponents of action terrorist similar thighsers,
:03:47. > :03:52.words that infuriated Labour and some of his own MPs. Well, I think
:03:53. > :03:58.it is a ridiculous way of putting it and it is offensive. One of the
:03:59. > :04:01.people who will be in the lobby clearly was spent much of his career
:04:02. > :04:07.fighting terrorism in Northern Ireland. Others of us have been on
:04:08. > :04:11.terrorist death lists, I don't want to take lex ture. The Labour leader,
:04:12. > :04:16.Jeremy Corbyn is opposed to military, but his party is at war
:04:17. > :04:20.over the issue. The divisions are deep and as MPs poured into
:04:21. > :04:23.Parliament this morning, a big question was how many Labour MPs
:04:24. > :04:28.would back military action? The Prime Minister. Opening the debate
:04:29. > :04:31.in a packed Commons Chamber, David Cameron said there was no simple
:04:32. > :04:36.answer, but the choice was clear. This threat is very real and the
:04:37. > :04:40.question is this - do we work with our allies to degrade and destrou
:04:41. > :04:43.this threat and do we go after these terrorists in their heartlands from
:04:44. > :04:49.where they are plotting to kill British people? Or do we sit back
:04:50. > :04:53.and wait for them to attack us? Mr Cameron was challenged to apologise
:04:54. > :04:57.for his remarks last night. The Prime Minister is facing an
:04:58. > :05:03.amendment which was signed by 110 members of this House from six
:05:04. > :05:08.different political parties. I have examined the list carefully. I
:05:09. > :05:13.cannot identify a single terrorist sympathiser among the list. Will he
:05:14. > :05:17.now apologise for his deeply insulting remarks?
:05:18. > :05:22.I have made very clear, this is about how we fight terrorism and
:05:23. > :05:26.there is honour in any vote that honourable members make. Several
:05:27. > :05:30.opposition members stood up to demand an apology too. The Prime
:05:31. > :05:34.Minister was then asked about the risk of civilian casualties. I'm not
:05:35. > :05:38.standing here and saying there are no casualties in war, of course,
:05:39. > :05:40.there are. This is a very, very difficult situation we are putting
:05:41. > :05:46.ourselves into. It is hugely complex. It is a difficult argument
:05:47. > :05:49.in many ways to get across, but its heart is a simple point will we in
:05:50. > :05:53.the long-term be safer and better off if we can get rid of this
:05:54. > :05:57.so-called caliphate which is radicalising Muslims, turning people
:05:58. > :06:01.against us and plotting atrocities on the streets of Britain? The
:06:02. > :06:07.Government doesn't pretend bombing alone will feet IS, the strategy
:06:08. > :06:10.relies on around 70,000 Syrian opposition forces fighting the group
:06:11. > :06:15.on the ground. But a civil war has been raging in the country since
:06:16. > :06:19.2011 and MPs on both sides of the Commons question how plausible that
:06:20. > :06:26.part of the strategy is. What concerns many of us is a lack of a
:06:27. > :06:29.comprehensive strategy both military and non-military including an exit
:06:30. > :06:36.strategy. The Prime Minister insisted there was a strategy.
:06:37. > :06:41.Alongside the 70,000 there are, some 20,000 Kurdish fighters with whom we
:06:42. > :06:47.can also work. Now, I'm not arguing, this is a crucial point, I'm not
:06:48. > :06:51.arguing that all the 70,000 are somehow ideal partners. Some left
:06:52. > :06:57.the Syrian army because of Assad's brutality and they clearly can play
:06:58. > :07:00.a role in the future of Syria. The Government is confident of winning
:07:01. > :07:04.tonight's vote because it has support from the Lib Dems and the
:07:05. > :07:08.DUP and dozens of Labour, but not its antiwar leader who said this is
:07:09. > :07:11.one of the most serious decisions politicians make. The Prime
:07:12. > :07:16.Minister's attempt to brand those who plan to vote against the
:07:17. > :07:22.Government as terrorist sympathisers, both demeans the
:07:23. > :07:25.office of the Prime Minister and I believe undermines the seriousness
:07:26. > :07:29.of the deliberations we're having today. If the Prime Minister now
:07:30. > :07:35.wants to apologise for those remarks, I would be happy to give
:07:36. > :07:38.way to him to do so. The Prime Minister refused the
:07:39. > :07:42.invitation and Jeremy Corbyn then got to the heart of his argument.
:07:43. > :07:50.Whether it is a lack of strategy worth the name, the absence of
:07:51. > :07:55.credible ground troops, the missing diplomatic for a settlement, or the
:07:56. > :07:59.refugee crisis and civilian casualties, it is becoming
:08:00. > :08:03.increasingly clear that the Prime Minister's proposals for military
:08:04. > :08:06.action simply do not stack up. The third largest party in the Commons,
:08:07. > :08:15.the SNP, will vote against military action. But if the Government wins
:08:16. > :08:19.tonight's vote, these planes at this RAF base maybe heading to the
:08:20. > :08:23.region. Let's go live to Norman Smith who is
:08:24. > :08:27.following it all for us. Norman, your thoughts on the debate so far.
:08:28. > :08:32.It has been pretty bad tempered at times? Ben, I'm sure Mr Cameron
:08:33. > :08:38.still expects to win tonight's vote, but there is no doubt he made his
:08:39. > :08:44.task harder by his refusal to say a single word, sorry. His repeated
:08:45. > :08:52.refusal to offer an explicit apology for dubbing opponents of military
:08:53. > :08:56.action terrorist sympathisers incensed many. Some Labour figures
:08:57. > :08:59.say they are not going to back Mr Cameron even though there is an
:09:00. > :09:05.element of political posturing here. I don't think anyone seriously
:09:06. > :09:07.believes Mr Cameron believes his critics are terrorist sympathisers.
:09:08. > :09:12.These were remarks at a private meeting. He was playing to the
:09:13. > :09:16.gallery. He was trying to allude to Jeremy Corbyn's previous ties with
:09:17. > :09:21.Sinn Fein and Hamas. Nevertheless, his refusal to accept some motherly
:09:22. > :09:25.advice from one Labour female MP, who urged him to think again, I
:09:26. > :09:31.think has cost him a lot of goodwill in this debate. On top of which he
:09:32. > :09:36.came under renewed pressure on his Achilles heel in the whole argument,
:09:37. > :09:41.namely the issue of ground troops, who are the forces that are going to
:09:42. > :09:45.take on IS on the ground? Mr Cameron stuck by his assertion there are
:09:46. > :09:51.70,000 moderate Syrian opposition forces. Ben, may Cameron maybe on
:09:52. > :09:55.course to win, but there remain difficult questions and doubts and
:09:56. > :09:58.real unhappiness at his handling and his tone during the debate. Norman,
:09:59. > :10:05.thank you very much indeed. Another nine hours or so of debate lie ahead
:10:06. > :10:07.and the critical vote at 9pm. A momentous and historic day at
:10:08. > :10:11.Westminster. Sophie. Ben, thank you.
:10:12. > :10:13.The Syrian president Bashar al-Assad has credited Russia's entry
:10:14. > :10:16.into the war in his country with changing the balance on
:10:17. > :10:19.the ground saying a year of Western air strikes had failed to stop the
:10:20. > :10:22.Mr Assad said that since the Russians' intervention, the jihadist
:10:23. > :10:27.Our chief international correspondent, Lyse Doucet,
:10:28. > :10:37.President Assad has little good to say about the West's campaign,
:10:38. > :10:39.and that is pretty much inkeeping with what his line has been
:10:40. > :10:44.He criticises the West repeatedly, and so do all the senior officials
:10:45. > :10:47.here, for backing the groups that he calls "terrorist."
:10:48. > :10:51.They tend to dismiss with the same brush all
:10:52. > :10:53.of the opposition groups fighting against Syrian government forces.
:10:54. > :10:57.When it comes to the intensified campaign
:10:58. > :11:00.against the so-called Islamic State, he made it clear that he felt they
:11:01. > :11:22.Recruits from around the world have increased.
:11:23. > :11:24.While since the participation of Russia in the same fight,
:11:25. > :11:26.so called against terrorism, Isis has been shrinking,
:11:27. > :11:38.Russia is not just targeting positions of IS it has been
:11:39. > :11:43.targeting the areas held by Syrian opposition forces to try to bolster
:11:44. > :11:48.the position of the Syrian army on some key front lines and Russia's
:11:49. > :11:52.approach here seems to be two-fold. One is to fight Islamic State as are
:11:53. > :11:56.many other countries, but largely from the west, but also to bolster
:11:57. > :12:00.President Assad and at the same time it has been made clear do him, we
:12:01. > :12:04.understand, that he has to make a greater effort to find a political
:12:05. > :12:09.solution and negotiate a way out of this war, but the president's
:12:10. > :12:11.comment yesterday underlines again the contempt with which senior
:12:12. > :12:16.Government officials hold the opposition, they always say they are
:12:17. > :12:19.ready to go to any talks and there is discussion again, about possible
:12:20. > :12:23.talks between the Government and the opposition early next year, but they
:12:24. > :12:28.basically feel that the opposition as it exists does not represent any
:12:29. > :12:32.significant percentage of the Syrian people and therefore, they have made
:12:33. > :12:36.it clear they don't take them seriously, but the pressure will be
:12:37. > :12:40.on President Assad to show he is committed to some kind of a new
:12:41. > :12:46.political arrangement. Lyse Doucet reporting from
:12:47. > :12:48.Well, any RAF air strikes will involve planes taking off from
:12:49. > :12:55.Our correspondent, Richard Galpin, is there.
:12:56. > :12:59.Damascusment If there is a vote in favour of
:13:00. > :13:04.carrings out airstrikes over Syria, the RAF planes at this base or
:13:05. > :13:09.British drones based in Kuwait could be in action over the skies of Syria
:13:10. > :13:10.quickly. Indeed, there are indications it could come within
:13:11. > :13:16.hours of the vote being held. RAF Tornados heading off from
:13:17. > :13:19.their base here in Cyprus today on Over the past year
:13:20. > :13:27.the RAF has carried out almost 400 air strikes, hitting the militant
:13:28. > :13:31.group Isis so far only in Iraq. But if Parliament gives
:13:32. > :13:35.its assent today the RAF is ready to More planes, including six Typhoons,
:13:36. > :13:44.are on stand-by to fly out from Britain to Cyprus,
:13:45. > :13:49.along with another two Tornadoes. Which would double
:13:50. > :13:53.the strikeforce in Akrotiri. Officials insist it would amount to
:13:54. > :13:56.a significant contribution to Not least because the RAF has this
:13:57. > :14:04.particularly sophisticated missile, the Brimstone,
:14:05. > :14:09.which can hit moving targets. According to the government, all
:14:10. > :14:16.this is vital to keep Britain safe. They're going after us
:14:17. > :14:18.and the only way we can protect ourselves is fighting back,
:14:19. > :14:20.hitting back at them, degrading them, reducing their capacity to
:14:21. > :14:27.plan and plot attacks against us. But many are questioning whether
:14:28. > :14:30.launching air strikes from this RAF base here in Cyprus really is the
:14:31. > :14:35.right strategy for defeating Isis, particularly as the United States
:14:36. > :14:41.and several coalition partners have been bombing Isis targets in Iraq
:14:42. > :14:44.and Syria for more than a year. And yet the militant group remains
:14:45. > :14:49.a potent force. Intervention from the air is one
:14:50. > :14:52.thing, helping with intelligence is another, but the issue will be
:14:53. > :14:55.decided, as all these issues are, Of course this brings
:14:56. > :14:59.into question the whole issue of boots on the ground and that
:15:00. > :15:02.brings the question into focus as to But so far at least, the government
:15:03. > :15:26.is only prepared to commit British warplanes in a combat role
:15:27. > :15:30.against Isis in Iraq and Syria. Military experts are saying ground
:15:31. > :15:34.forces are needed to defeat Isis. It is dubious as to whether there is
:15:35. > :15:36.any local force in Syria which is united enough or cohesive enough to
:15:37. > :15:39.carry out that task. Well David Cameron argues that
:15:40. > :15:42.action needs to be taken against the Islamic State group to counter the
:15:43. > :15:45.threat of attacks here in the UK. So will RAF air strikes diminish
:15:46. > :15:47.the threat? Let's speak to our security
:15:48. > :15:58.correspondent, Frank Gardner. Let's look at where if the boat is
:15:59. > :16:06.yes, where the strikes would be? There are is a map we can look at.
:16:07. > :16:12.In yellow is Isis that so-called Islamic State. And Raqqa up there in
:16:13. > :16:19.the North, so if the boat is yes then the RAF will join existing US
:16:20. > :16:23.air strikes and French ones and probably Russian ones in hitting
:16:24. > :16:27.targets like Raqqa. For the moment we're not allowed across the Iraqi
:16:28. > :16:30.border. They are allowed to do surveillance flights in Syria but
:16:31. > :16:35.not air strikes. But the government argues is that is where the command
:16:36. > :16:39.and control centres, the sort of people who planned the Paris
:16:40. > :16:43.attacks, are hanging out. Those against Wood said they are embedded
:16:44. > :16:46.with the civilian population and you would be very lucky to catch a
:16:47. > :16:50.terrorist in a car. Which occasionally happens. With no
:16:51. > :16:55.civilians around. And the Brimstone missile can go through the roof of a
:16:56. > :17:00.car. But most times there will be civilians around so it will
:17:01. > :17:04.potentially increase the risk of innocent people being hurt. And a
:17:05. > :17:07.lot of talk in the debate in the comments already about exit
:17:08. > :17:10.strategies, the need for fighters on the ground, these 70,000 fighters
:17:11. > :17:18.David Cameron spoke of, who are they? I really pressed people on
:17:19. > :17:22.this, drilled into it. These are not jihadists, not even some of the
:17:23. > :17:25.people who would be considered extreme who were invited to Saudi
:17:26. > :17:33.Arabia for a conference. There are up to 110 different factions but the
:17:34. > :17:36.big blocks the northern and southern blocks, the biggest complement is
:17:37. > :17:40.the free Syrian army. But they spent the last four years fighting the
:17:41. > :17:44.Syrian regime. So to turn their guns against Isis and to get them to
:17:45. > :17:48.think that is the main problem will be very difficult. They're not a
:17:49. > :17:52.cohesive fighting force, there is no one general in charge of them. And
:17:53. > :17:57.frankly after four years of civil war in Syria I'm not sure there is
:17:58. > :18:00.such a thing as moderate. Everyone is very polarised and getting them
:18:01. > :18:04.to accept the pluralistic government will be very difficult.
:18:05. > :18:07.We'll have more on our main story at the end of the programme.
:18:08. > :18:10.And you can keep up with the debate throughout the day
:18:11. > :18:12.on the BBC News Channel, and there's full, uninterrupted,
:18:13. > :18:16.And, of course, there's in depth analysis on the BBC News website.
:18:17. > :18:26.MPs are debating now on whether to authorise air strikes
:18:27. > :18:37.The Prime minister says it's in the national interest.
:18:38. > :18:40.My strong view is that this House should make clear that we will take
:18:41. > :18:42.up our responsibilities rather than pass them off,
:18:43. > :18:46.and put our own national security in the hands of others.
:18:47. > :18:51.Public opinion is moving increasingly
:18:52. > :18:54.against what I believe to be an ill-thought out rush to war and
:18:55. > :18:56.he wants to hold this vote before the opinion grows even
:18:57. > :19:05.Another young person stabbed on the capital's streets.
:19:06. > :19:10.This year's seen the highest number of teenage deaths since 2008.
:19:11. > :19:13.And voting for a clean up - how one street in London is experimenting
:19:14. > :19:27.The founder of Facebook, Mark Zuckerberg, and his wife,
:19:28. > :19:31.have announced the birth of their first child and vowed to give away
:19:32. > :19:34.most of their multi-billion pound fortune to to make the world a
:19:35. > :19:40.As our technology correspondent, Rory Cellan-Jones reports,
:19:41. > :19:46.the news was broken - fittingly - in a post on his Facebook page.
:19:47. > :19:52.Like many a young couple Mark and Priscilla took to Facebook to
:19:53. > :19:57.celebrate the birth of their daughter. But they had other news.
:19:58. > :20:01.In a video recorded just weeks before the arrival of Max, the
:20:02. > :20:05.couple gave a hint of their plan. Having this child has made us think
:20:06. > :20:10.about all the things that should be improved in the world. And the
:20:11. > :20:13.Facebook founder and his wife now made it clear that will involve
:20:14. > :20:20.giving away most of their huge fortune. In a letter to their
:20:21. > :20:23.daughter they said they will donate 99% of their Facebook shares over
:20:24. > :20:26.the course of their lives to promote good causes, from better health and
:20:27. > :20:32.education to greater equality. To have that kind of wealth and you can
:20:33. > :20:37.give away 46 billion, you should be giving away a lot of your money. But
:20:38. > :20:43.I think it is good to set a standard and model for other people to give.
:20:44. > :20:46.Mark Zuckerberg and Priscilla Chan join other billionaires in giving
:20:47. > :20:51.away much of their wealth. Bill and Melinda Gates have donated over ?21
:20:52. > :20:56.billion so far. Warren Buffett has given 15 billion and investor George
:20:57. > :21:01.Soros has donated ?7 billion so far to charity. Mark Zuckerberg started
:21:02. > :21:05.Facebook when he was aged 24 years later had already turned down a
:21:06. > :21:13.lucrative offers to buy it. That was a mistake, I suggested in 2008. 24,
:21:14. > :21:16.when you could basically have retired, that never entered your
:21:17. > :21:26.mind, you thought I will carry on? What would I do! That is just not
:21:27. > :21:29.what I care about. What the Facebook founder does care about is his
:21:30. > :21:33.single-minded mission to change the way the world communicates. That has
:21:34. > :21:34.turned out to be good for his business and for the causes that he
:21:35. > :21:43.and his wife support. The trial three men accused of the
:21:44. > :21:46.Hatton Garden burglary has heard how the break-in over Easter was only
:21:47. > :21:50.discovered by a security guard two days after it has happened. We can
:21:51. > :21:56.cross to Daniel Sanford at Woolwich Crown Court. Alice more about what
:21:57. > :22:00.was said in court. We heard from Kevin Stockwell, a security guard
:22:01. > :22:04.who worked at the Hatton Garden safe deposit for 20 years. He described
:22:05. > :22:07.how he locked up as usual on the evening of Maundy Thursday before
:22:08. > :22:11.the bank holiday weekend and had gone home as normal. He was woken
:22:12. > :22:14.soon after midnight with the message that the alarm had gone off at the
:22:15. > :22:18.building. He went to the building and check the front door to the
:22:19. > :22:21.building and the fire exit at the rear. But unaware that the burglars
:22:22. > :22:25.were inside, he then told one of the owners of the business that he
:22:26. > :22:29.thought the place was secure and the owner said to him you might as well
:22:30. > :22:33.go home. On the Tuesday after the bank holiday weekend he came to work
:22:34. > :22:36.at just after eight o'clock in the morning to find one of his
:22:37. > :22:40.colleagues saying he thought they had been burgled. When he looked
:22:41. > :22:44.through the door he could see on the floor drills, cutting material, the
:22:45. > :22:48.lights were on in the second door, bars were lifted up and indeed they
:22:49. > :22:50.had been burgled and he went to call the police.
:22:51. > :22:53.Four men have been arrested in Luton on suspicion of committing offences
:22:54. > :22:57.Seven properties in the town, and a number of vehicles,
:22:58. > :23:00.Detectives say it's part of an ongoing investigation, and not
:23:01. > :23:06.Our Home Affairs Correspondent, June Kelly, is with me.
:23:07. > :23:12.What more do we know? These were early morning raids, someone
:23:13. > :23:16.claiming to be involved twisted, I have been raided by anti-terror
:23:17. > :23:21.police at 5:40am this morning a completely innocent of any crime.
:23:22. > :23:24.The four men arrested are in their 30s, we have seven address being
:23:25. > :23:28.search. A mixture of homes and businesses. We understand that while
:23:29. > :23:34.these arrests are described as significant, they're not linked to
:23:35. > :23:37.any lot to attack the UK, not links to the Paris attacks as you say and
:23:38. > :23:43.not linked to travel to Syria. This has been we understand a
:23:44. > :23:47.long-running covert police operation involving officers from Scotland
:23:48. > :23:53.Yard counterterrorism unit and counterterrorism officers covering
:23:54. > :23:57.Blue Jumeriah. No firearms officers were deployed in the arrest this
:23:58. > :24:00.morning so that gives an indication of how police view of the suspects.
:24:01. > :24:05.And the four men are now in custody at a London police station.
:24:06. > :24:07.The manuscripts of some of Winston Churchill's most famous
:24:08. > :24:14.wartime speeches have been given United Nations protection.
:24:15. > :24:16.The archive also includes more personal letters,
:24:17. > :24:18.including one written to his mother when he was just seven
:24:19. > :24:23.Churchill's dispatch box when he was serving as Secretary of State
:24:24. > :24:28.Just one of the treasures held in the strongroom at Churchill
:24:29. > :24:37.College, the home of an archive that runs to some 1 million documents.
:24:38. > :24:40.Churchill's post 1945 papers were passed to the college by his widow
:24:41. > :24:43.The earlier papers joined them here in the early '70s.
:24:44. > :24:45.And this is the broadcast that he made in the
:24:46. > :24:48.Something that he'd waited two years for.
:24:49. > :24:51.And you can see at the top here he has written,
:24:52. > :24:55.I have never promised anything but blood, tears, toil and sweat.
:24:56. > :24:58.And if we turn over you can see here we've got the famous passage,
:24:59. > :25:08.It is not even the beginning of the end.
:25:09. > :25:23.But it is perhaps the end of the beginning.
:25:24. > :25:24.By contrast, a doctor's prescription, written in
:25:25. > :25:27.prohibition era New York in 1932 while he was recovering from a
:25:28. > :25:29.He's actually prescribing him alcohol.
:25:30. > :25:31.It says here, the post accident convalescence of
:25:32. > :25:33.the Honourable Winston S Churchill necessitates the use of alcoholic
:25:34. > :25:35.The quantity is naturally indefinite,
:25:36. > :25:38.but the minimum requirements would be 250 cubic centimetres.
:25:39. > :25:41.This is one of the earliest things in the archive.
:25:42. > :25:44.This is actually a letter to his mother, written from Harrow.
:25:45. > :25:47.And he has done this wonderful drawing of himself in his school
:25:48. > :25:52.My dearest Mama, you can't think what a ripping piece
:25:53. > :26:02.So of course here he is as a young man going to the theatre,
:26:03. > :26:04.perhaps learning some of his later technique.
:26:05. > :26:05.The collection, including letters to US presidents
:26:06. > :26:07.and other world leaders, now joins UNESCO's International
:26:08. > :26:14.This collection, the Churchill papers, they have been purchased for
:26:15. > :26:17.the nation and this confirms that they're not just a national resource
:26:18. > :26:22.but they are an international resource and have universal value.
:26:23. > :26:24.The Archive Centre says this recognition will spirit on to
:26:25. > :26:32.share its material with everyone who wants to come here and see it.
:26:33. > :26:39.More now on our main story - the House of Commons is debating
:26:40. > :26:41.whether to authorize air strikes against IS targets in Syria.
:26:42. > :26:43.A vote is expected at around ten o'clock tonight.
:26:44. > :26:45.Let's cross to Westminster and our Assistant Political Editor,
:26:46. > :26:56.You have been listening to the debate. Your assessment? It is
:26:57. > :27:01.striking that again and again MPs come back to the issue of ground
:27:02. > :27:06.troops. Who is going to take on Islamic State on the ground, who are
:27:07. > :27:10.these 70,000 troops that David Cameron talks about, will they work
:27:11. > :27:15.together, can they be relied upon, I be interested in fighting Isis or
:27:16. > :27:18.with a carry on fighting President Assad. The response from David
:27:19. > :27:22.Cameron was to save not all ideal partners but many of them are
:27:23. > :27:28.reliable, they are former members of the Syrian army. He also suggested
:27:29. > :27:31.there are some 20,000 Kurdish Peshmerga forces and he suggested in
:27:32. > :27:35.time there could be reconstructed Syrian army, in other words
:27:36. > :27:41.President Assad's former forces who could also join in a ground
:27:42. > :27:44.offensive against Islamic State. But one Conservative MP Alan Duncan, a
:27:45. > :27:47.committed supporter of air strikes, a member of the intelligence
:27:48. > :27:54.committee, he said the idea that there were 70,000 ground troops was
:27:55. > :27:59.an act of faith and we want we risk flying into a mess. The issue of
:28:00. > :28:02.ground troops is absolutely pivotal. And there is no escaping the fact
:28:03. > :28:06.that although MPs may vote for action, many are very dubious that
:28:07. > :28:11.they will be ground troops to take on Islamic State. And of course you
:28:12. > :28:14.can follow the debate throughout the day on the BBC News channel.
:28:15. > :28:24.A record-breaking dull November for many so nice to see the sunshine out
:28:25. > :28:29.today. This was the scene this morning. But
:28:30. > :28:34.it is not sunny everywhere, we still have a thick band of cloud.
:28:35. > :28:37.Yesterday that moved north across the UK but overnight and this
:28:38. > :28:42.morning the band of cloud has pushed back south into the UK. That marks
:28:43. > :28:47.the boundary between some warm and mild weather in the south and cold
:28:48. > :28:51.air tucking into the north west behind the band of cloud which are
:28:52. > :28:54.still producing some rain. That rain clearing away from the East of
:28:55. > :29:01.Scotland but the band of rain getting stuck across North Western
:29:02. > :29:06.areas and Wales. I decided that some sunshine, in the sunshine in the
:29:07. > :29:10.East Midlands and East Anglia, temperatures around 40 degrees but
:29:11. > :29:13.getting colder in spite of the sunshine across Scotland and
:29:14. > :29:14.Northern Ireland. A pleasant afternoon at getting chilly
:29:15. > :29:22.overnight tonight. Southern England, further south, pushing the rain
:29:23. > :29:26.north again. Across Wales and clearing away from the Midlands
:29:27. > :29:30.later on, moving north back into the North of England, not quite reaching
:29:31. > :29:36.Scotland and Northern Ireland overnight. By the morning
:29:37. > :29:40.rush-hour, beginning to cloud over across Scotland and Northern Ireland
:29:41. > :29:44.so chilly start. We start in the North of England with cloud and
:29:45. > :29:49.rain, but it was North Wales, mid and South Wales and the Midlands dry
:29:50. > :29:55.by the end of the night. Generally try but mild across southern England
:29:56. > :30:00.to start the day. Heading through the day this band of cloud and rain
:30:01. > :30:02.will sneak further north towards southern Scotland and maybe Northern
:30:03. > :30:06.Ireland and then through the afternoon it turns wetter across
:30:07. > :30:08.Wales and the South West. The East Midlands, Lincolnshire, the
:30:09. > :30:13.south-east of England dry and mild again at the club pushing back into
:30:14. > :30:19.Scotland and Northern Ireland, cold here but mild further south at
:30:20. > :30:22.around 15 degrees. The rain gets its act together tomorrow evening,
:30:23. > :30:26.sweeping east across England and Wales, maybe parts of Scotland as
:30:27. > :30:30.well. Dusty wintertime, one by Freddie morning. Looks like a good
:30:31. > :30:34.day for many especially towards the south-east where we get the
:30:35. > :30:37.sunshine. The wind picking up in the north-west during the day and we
:30:38. > :30:41.have cloud increasing the temperature still above average for
:30:42. > :30:43.the time of year. That sets us up for a disappointing weekend,
:30:44. > :30:48.especially wet and windy on Saturday. A little better across
:30:49. > :30:50.northern parts of the UK at least on Sunday. Still not so good in the
:30:51. > :30:51.South. Now a reminder
:30:52. > :30:54.of our top story this lunchtime. MPs debate whether to authorise
:30:55. > :30:56.British air strikes against The Prime Minister says it is in the
:30:57. > :31:06.national interest. My strong view is that this house
:31:07. > :31:09.should make clear that we will take up our responsibilities rather than
:31:10. > :31:11.pass them off, and put our own national security
:31:12. > :31:22.in the hands of others. Public opinion is moving
:31:23. > :31:30.increasingly against what I believe to be an ill thought out Rush to
:31:31. > :31:31.war. He wants to hold this vote before opinion grows even further
:31:32. > :31:31.against him. That's all from us,
:31:32. > :31:34.now on BBC One it's time