:00:12. > :00:18.Hello. Our top stories: Funerals are due to begin for some of those
:00:18. > :00:23.killed in the Brazil nightclub fire. More than 230 are confirmed dead.
:00:24. > :00:29.Most weres. French-led troops in Mali secure the airport in Timbuktu
:00:29. > :00:34.before an operation to re-take the town from militants A fifth day of
:00:34. > :00:41.violence in Egypt, after President Morsi called for dialogue to
:00:41. > :00:49.restore national unity. Plus, two centuries of Pride and Prejudice.
:00:49. > :00:59.The book Jane Austen described as "her own darling child, celebrates
:00:59. > :01:05.
:01:05. > :01:11.And we start in Brazil, which has declared three days of national
:01:11. > :01:15.mourning after the nightclub fire in which 230 people, mainly
:01:15. > :01:20.students, died. Grieving relatives have begun the grim process of
:01:20. > :01:25.identifying their loved ones. These are live pictures from inside the
:01:25. > :01:33.gym where dozens of coffins are laid out in the city of Santa Maria.
:01:33. > :01:41.The first funerals are due to begin shortly. Inside these coffins, the
:01:41. > :01:46.bodies of the young people of Santa Maria. Lives cut short by the worst
:01:46. > :01:51.nightclub fire in over a decade. Relatives listen anxiously. Many
:01:51. > :01:56.don't know whether their loved ones are among the hundreds who perished.
:01:56. > :02:03.One of the most popular discos t Kiss nightclub was packed with
:02:03. > :02:07.young party goers. A flare set off on stage by the band lit the blaze.
:02:07. > :02:13.Thick smoke filled the club and people rushed for the one exit
:02:13. > :02:18.which was open. Amateur video shows survivors and workers dragging
:02:18. > :02:22.people out of the smoke. The building's fire safety license
:02:22. > :02:27.expired last year and the owners are being called in by the police
:02:27. > :02:31.to give testimony. Only one has appeared so far. Officials say an
:02:31. > :02:35.investigation is under way into the cause of the disaster. Aware that
:02:35. > :02:39.the world's eyes are on Brazil ahead of the World Cup and the
:02:40. > :02:49.Olympics in the next few years. As the details of the tragedy are
:02:50. > :02:54.
:02:54. > :02:59.becoming clearer, the national I asked about the emotional impact
:02:59. > :03:03.this disaster is now having on the country. At this moment, the
:03:03. > :03:10.country is pretty much caught up in a horrible mourning and sadness.
:03:10. > :03:13.The news is still sinking in. The investigating efforts are kick-
:03:13. > :03:18.starting. Some questions coming up are, how is it possible something
:03:18. > :03:22.like that happened? What could have been done to avoid it? One of the
:03:22. > :03:26.owners of the club was at the police station last night and he
:03:26. > :03:30.admitted that the license of the club to operate expired last
:03:30. > :03:34.December and the fire department has also informed that the fire
:03:34. > :03:38.security license of the club was also expired last August. So the
:03:38. > :03:44.question now is, what could have been done to have avoided this
:03:44. > :03:48.tragedy? What can be done in the towure to make sure it doesn't
:03:48. > :03:53.happen again? How fire are fire certification regulations and also
:03:53. > :03:59.adhere rapbs to them? Well, the standards are international. You
:03:59. > :04:03.have to have a fire licence to operate any venue. As I was saying,
:04:03. > :04:08.it is pretty much international standard. Brazil is a big, big
:04:08. > :04:12.country N the capital cities like Rio and even the capital, you would
:04:12. > :04:15.see lots of efforts to enforce these laws and regulations. The
:04:15. > :04:21.problem is that to keep track of everything that is going on in such
:04:21. > :04:27.a big country, it is really, really difficult. What do you think the
:04:27. > :04:32.effect is going to be on the psych ki of the country. It is such a
:04:32. > :04:38.fun- -loving country. People love go -- fun-loving country. People
:04:38. > :04:43.love going to clubs. Brazil is known for its easy nature and we do
:04:43. > :04:47.enjoy partying. I think, for a couple of weeks or maybe months,
:04:47. > :04:52.people will be a little bit weary and not really want to go out to
:04:52. > :04:56.celebrate that much. I don't foresee a sense of a fear of going
:04:56. > :05:05.out to clubs annual everything. This is pretty much an exception.
:05:05. > :05:10.The emotions in Brazil. France says it is liberating Mali, as it puts
:05:10. > :05:15.it, little by little. France has taken control of timbubg -- French
:05:15. > :05:23.troops have taken control of tick buck tue airport. Operations are
:05:23. > :05:29.under way to re-- Timbuktu airport. Operations are underway.
:05:29. > :05:34.I asked Thomas Fessy, who is in Bamako about the advance of the
:05:34. > :05:39.French troops. Well, very little information is coming out of
:05:39. > :05:45.Timbuktu for the simple reason that they are cut off. It has been like
:05:45. > :05:50.that for days now. The little information we have is that the
:05:50. > :05:58.French managed to get hold of the airport and to secure the airport
:05:58. > :06:03.with the Malian forces last night. Some paratroopers, French
:06:03. > :06:11.paratroopers and Malian soldiers were deployed overnight and were
:06:11. > :06:17.trying to find a way into town at dawn. We expect these troops to
:06:17. > :06:22.enter the town. Whether they are facing resistance - that is the
:06:22. > :06:28.main question mark, as we speak, from residents that I was able to
:06:28. > :06:35.get on the line, who fled Timbuktu just a couple of days ago, fearing
:06:35. > :06:45.some fighting. I was told that on Saturday, only two days ago,
:06:45. > :06:45.
:06:45. > :06:52.Islamist militants were still in town. What about the way in which
:06:52. > :06:56.this is being done? The French troops will be abiding by the
:06:56. > :07:01.principals of warfare. There are reports that the Malllyian forces
:07:01. > :07:07.have been involved in some very unpleasant acts, which have been
:07:07. > :07:14.violating prisoners and killing them. Yes, exactly. There are
:07:14. > :07:19.worrying signs of potential revenge attacks and reprisal attacks, in
:07:19. > :07:26.fact, against certain ethnic communities or people accused of
:07:26. > :07:31.having collaborate -- collaborated with Islamist militants. This is a
:07:31. > :07:38.concern which is growing north, as the Malian army is now entering
:07:38. > :07:44.little by little these towns which are re-captured, mainly by the
:07:44. > :07:48.French military. An officer did tell me that they were putting
:07:48. > :07:53.pressure on the Malllyian authorities, they were doing
:07:53. > :07:58.everything possible to make sure these kind of acts wouldn't be
:07:58. > :08:03.repeated. Again, the French military officer said, we don't
:08:03. > :08:11.have eyes behind our heads, so we cannot know exactly what is
:08:11. > :08:14.happening when we leave. Thomas Fessy there in Bamako.
:08:14. > :08:19.Egypt's Cabinet has approved a draft law, giving the Army the
:08:19. > :08:22.right to arrest civilians. Detainees would go to a civilian,
:08:22. > :08:26.not military court. Overnight President Morsi appealed to the
:08:26. > :08:30.opposition to join him for talks, that is after a fifth day of
:08:30. > :08:34.violence. 49 people are known to have died since Friday. This
:08:34. > :08:38.morning there have been more demonstrations in Cairo. Police are
:08:38. > :08:42.fired tear gas at protestors who were throwing rocks. President
:08:42. > :08:48.Morsi has warned he'll take more action if violence continues. Let's
:08:48. > :08:53.go live now to Cairo and to our correspondent. First of all, this
:08:53. > :08:59.reported change, or at least modification of what the Army can
:08:59. > :09:03.do if there are civilians on the streets. That's right. It's an
:09:03. > :09:08.extension of the powers of the military. Already we have seen the
:09:08. > :09:11.military, perhaps controversially, come back on the streets,
:09:12. > :09:17.particularly in Port Said on the Suez Canal in the past couple of
:09:17. > :09:22.days, in an effort to restore the security there. After President
:09:22. > :09:27.Morsi announced that this state of emergency would stay in place in
:09:27. > :09:30.Port Said and two other cities, perhaps it was inevitable that
:09:30. > :09:34.these powers would be extended to the Army. We understand that in
:09:34. > :09:39.Port Said, when riots broke out on Saturday, that the police actually
:09:40. > :09:44.withdraw from the streets. Certainly they were the targets of
:09:44. > :09:48.a lot of the anger of the local people. Just to put it in
:09:48. > :09:52.perspective, because President Morsi is currently under attack in
:09:52. > :09:56.different locations for different reasons. In Port Said t reason for
:09:56. > :10:01.this latest spell of violence is that on Saturday, the verdicts were
:10:01. > :10:05.delivered in this court case. 21 local people were sentenced to
:10:05. > :10:08.death for their involvement in Egypt's worst ever football
:10:08. > :10:14.violence, in an incident that happened last year. Now the local
:10:14. > :10:19.people say that actually the police and lack security were responsible
:10:19. > :10:22.for those events which took place last year and the relatives in the
:10:22. > :10:26.courtroom first of all started to attack police officers. At least
:10:26. > :10:30.two police officers were killed. And then fires took place all
:10:30. > :10:33.around Port Said. That is when the military was brought in there.
:10:33. > :10:38.Habit the state of the police - just building on what you have said
:10:38. > :10:42.there - this sense that the whole police force and system has become
:10:43. > :10:52.dysfunctional, that they are never really there, even for local crime
:10:52. > :10:55.and patrols, during this sense of tension. There is a security vacuum
:10:55. > :10:58.in Egypt, if you compare the situation to before. This is
:10:58. > :11:03.something which affects ordinary people across the country. It is a
:11:03. > :11:07.major cause of concern. One of the main criticisms that is directed at
:11:07. > :11:12.President Morsi, who has been in power now for seven months. The
:11:12. > :11:15.other thing we have seen in the last few days, because it is now
:11:15. > :11:22.two years, people are celebrating and marking the two-year
:11:22. > :11:26.anniversary of that uprising, that overthrew Mr Morsi's predecessor,
:11:27. > :11:31.President Hosni Mubarak, but they have quickly, these demonstrations
:11:31. > :11:35.turned into protests with people making that point that he has
:11:35. > :11:40.failed to carry out much-needed reforms, particularly to the
:11:40. > :11:43.interior ministry. When protests began two years ago they began on
:11:43. > :11:48.police day and people were complaining about the brutality of
:11:48. > :11:53.the police services. That is why there's enormous anger that still
:11:53. > :11:58.something has not been done to improve the Security Services here.
:11:58. > :12:03.Thank you for that update, with the Army being given new powers. Now,
:12:03. > :12:07.the trial is due to open shortly in Madrid of a Spanish doctor accused
:12:07. > :12:12.of running of the biggest doping rings for professional cyclists.
:12:12. > :12:21.Police say they seized 200 bags of plood when they raided the offices
:12:21. > :12:27.of the doctor. Prosecutors allege the blood belonged to world famous
:12:27. > :12:31.cyclists who were part of a doping ring, including the doctor, his
:12:31. > :12:36.sister and three former cycling coaches. Well, the BBC's
:12:36. > :12:40.correspondent is reporting that the trial has been delayed. He's been
:12:40. > :12:45.at the courthouse, where the world's media have gathered, at
:12:45. > :12:50.least for the scheduled opening of the trial. So this is the slightly
:12:50. > :12:55.chaotic scene at the courtroom here in Madrid where the man at the
:12:55. > :13:00.centre of this trial is already inside. His office and apartment
:13:00. > :13:04.were raided by Spanish police in 2006. They recovered 200 bags of
:13:04. > :13:10.blood and frozen plasma. Now, in this trial, we will see evidence
:13:10. > :13:13.that that blood - the bags of blood, belonged to cyclists. The World
:13:13. > :13:18.Anti-Doping Agency says back in 2006, after the raids took place,
:13:18. > :13:23.they were told that the blood belonged to athletes from several
:13:23. > :13:31.sports. That's why there's a persistent rumour that some of the
:13:31. > :13:36.evidence, gathered a @time in 2006, has gone -- at the time in 2006,
:13:36. > :13:40.has gone astray. The Spanish anti- doping agency, they say they have
:13:40. > :13:45.not seen any evidence to back that claim up. This trial will look at
:13:45. > :13:51.the charges against the doctor and four others that they broke the
:13:51. > :13:54.public health laws here in Spain. They are not going to be tried
:13:54. > :14:02.because they organised this elaborate doping ring per se,
:14:02. > :14:12.because doping was not a criminal offence in Spain when the raids
:14:12. > :14:17.
:14:17. > :14:21.took place. You're with BBC World Scientists may have been getting it
:14:21. > :14:25.wong regards smell. A theory is being debated by scientists.
:14:25. > :14:31.Research suggests that the radicals may be right.
:14:31. > :14:36.We have this report. Smell, it is evocative, sensual,
:14:36. > :14:40.and ifpb tensely personal. I like that one.
:14:40. > :14:45.The fragrance industry spends million billions creating new
:14:45. > :14:51.smells. B but we have little idea how smells work. So making new ones
:14:51. > :14:56.is a bit hit and miss. There is some serious chemistry
:14:56. > :14:59.going on here, in the air and in our brains, but there is fierce
:14:59. > :15:04.debate by how a spirits becomes a smell.
:15:04. > :15:09.It is easy enough for me to pick a smell that I like, but today there
:15:09. > :15:13.is more insight to what is going on in my nose. It may not be because
:15:13. > :15:18.of the shape of the molecules rising from this but down to the
:15:18. > :15:23.way that they move and vibrate. It is a controversial idea.
:15:23. > :15:28.The research is less a popular but a fascinating theory, but here is
:15:28. > :15:31.the test. If shape is the thing that works, two mole coups --
:15:32. > :15:36.Kewells of the same shape should smell the same thing, but they
:15:36. > :15:43.don't. What is changed is the way that the molecules move. If that is
:15:43. > :15:47.the key to smell, we could take the guesswork out of making fragrance.
:15:47. > :15:51.You cannot always say what it is going to smell like. This is a
:15:51. > :15:56.further step, hopefully on the way to making a predictive model for
:15:56. > :16:00.saying that is that and it has these vibe rations, it will smell
:16:00. > :16:06.similar to that. I prefer that one.
:16:06. > :16:12.The idea could help us understand this most primal, yet most misunder
:16:12. > :16:16.stood of the senses. Now, traffic cameras in China here
:16:16. > :16:21.are capturing an escape for two men in eastern China. The heavy truck
:16:21. > :16:25.was taking a corner at an intersection. It tips over. The
:16:25. > :16:31.heavy container toppled over, but look in the middle of the picture
:16:31. > :16:37.there, a motorcyclist, waiting at the traffic lights. He narrowly
:16:37. > :16:46.misses being hit. Ouch! There you can see how narrow that escape was
:16:46. > :16:50.at the traffic lights in China. You are with BBC World News. These
:16:50. > :16:56.are the headlines: Funerals are due to begin for some of the 230 killed
:16:56. > :16:59.in a nightclub fire in Brazil. A fifth day of unrest in Egypt.
:16:59. > :17:07.Mohammed Morsi invites his political opponents for urgent
:17:07. > :17:12.talks. Now to the careen peninsula.
:17:12. > :17:17.Signals from the north suggest an imminent third nuclear test, but
:17:17. > :17:23.South Korea is urging them not to go ahead. Saying that the situation
:17:23. > :17:27.is serious. It has been added that there must be an effective response.
:17:27. > :17:32.North Korea carried out weapons tests in 2006 and 2009 it launched
:17:32. > :17:35.a long-range missile last month. It led to tighter sanctions from the
:17:35. > :17:39.United Nations. Our correspondent is on the
:17:39. > :17:45.southern side of the demilitarised zone with North Korea.
:17:45. > :17:49.That is right, Nick, we are close to the demilitarised zone. This is
:17:49. > :17:53.the last point of South Korea you can get to before entering the
:17:53. > :18:01.restricted area. It is a popular place for South Koreans to protest
:18:01. > :18:06.against the North Korean regime. The atmosphere is more tense than
:18:06. > :18:10.normal, give than North Korea said it would carry out a third nuclear
:18:10. > :18:14.test. Nowhere more tense than for the soldiers patrolling down at the
:18:14. > :18:21.front here. I spent a day with a South Korean unit to find out what
:18:21. > :18:27.it is like to live and work inside the DMZ.
:18:27. > :18:32.Every day for 60 years someone has patrolled the world's last Cold War
:18:32. > :18:36.frontier. Today it is Lieutenant Yoo Kak-Joo. 24 years old, a keen
:18:36. > :18:40.marathon runner, with a love football and a girlfriend who
:18:41. > :18:45.worries become home. -- back home. The small stretch of
:18:45. > :18:51.border he defends lies at the western end of the DMZ. The
:18:51. > :18:56.landscape is bleak, the fasyilities are rudimentary, and the
:18:56. > :19:00.temperatures today are below minus 20. Twice a day, Lieutenant Yoo
:19:00. > :19:07.Kak-Joo and his men walk this line drawn by the United Nations 60
:19:07. > :19:12.years ago, checking for signs of disturbance in South Korea's
:19:12. > :19:17.perimeter defence. The old enemy, North Korea, 200 kilometres away.
:19:17. > :19:21.Inbetween, a buffer zone is packed with landmines and dotted around
:19:21. > :19:26.the southern side of the minefield, there are telephones for stray
:19:26. > :19:30.defectors to call across for help. The army would not tell us when
:19:30. > :19:35.someone last called. It take as good deal of calories to survive
:19:35. > :19:40.the cold. Lucky that one of the conscripts here is a trainee chef.
:19:40. > :19:44.South Korea's in-coming President talked of reducing the obligatory
:19:44. > :19:48.National Service, but with the burst rate declining, some worry it
:19:48. > :19:52.will leave the country vulnerable. TRANSLATION: In a front line
:19:52. > :19:56.position it is less about the hierarchy and more about a sense of
:19:56. > :20:01.brotherhood. We eat, sleep and serve together it is high stress
:20:01. > :20:05.but I try to lead my men well. Right up by the border, Lieutenant
:20:06. > :20:10.Yoo Kak-Joo and his men practise live fire exercises. The new
:20:10. > :20:15.generation of conscripts has been tarred by military veterans as too
:20:15. > :20:18.soft and too cautious. One soldier here told me he gets
:20:18. > :20:23.scared at night listening to gunfire from the north.
:20:23. > :20:30.For the soldier here, two kilometres away, North Korea can
:20:30. > :20:34.seem threatening. This frontier is scattered with sites of old battles.
:20:34. > :20:39.The last military conflict between the north and the south was only
:20:39. > :20:44.two yes,, but in his New Year's address this year, the north Connex
:20:44. > :20:47.South Eastern leader talked of ending confrontation with the south.
:20:47. > :20:55.With South Korea, China and Japan starting with new leaders, many are
:20:55. > :21:00.hoping there is a chance for a political thaw.
:21:00. > :21:05.Sense then -- since then, North Korea has defied the UN to say it
:21:05. > :21:10.will press ahead with a third nuclear test. A sobering thought
:21:10. > :21:14.for the evening patrols. If this relic of the Cold War ever turns
:21:14. > :21:20.hot again. This handful of conscripts will be then facing a
:21:20. > :21:23.different kind of conflict to the one that their grand fathers'
:21:23. > :21:28.fought. America's North Korea envoy has
:21:28. > :21:33.been visiting the region. Talking to the leaders and including South
:21:33. > :21:37.Korea's President about how to handle relationships with the north.
:21:37. > :21:40.Pyongyang's last week gave them lots to talk about.
:21:40. > :21:44.Lucy, given the unpredictability of the situation with Kim Jong Un,
:21:44. > :21:48.when you talk about a chance for a political thaw, do you think that
:21:48. > :21:52.there really is one? At the beginning of this year there were
:21:52. > :21:58.signs that we were reading that suggested that there was a chink in
:21:58. > :22:02.the armour that was opening. New government governments coming into
:22:02. > :22:06.Japan, career, China, the Americans having elections, everyone thought
:22:06. > :22:11.this could be a chance to set the records straight to start with a
:22:11. > :22:16.fresh slate, but since then, as we have seen, there are signs that the
:22:16. > :22:20.new leader in North Korea, Kim Jong Un, is really not going to listen
:22:20. > :22:24.to anybody. Not to United Nations sanctions or to the main ally in
:22:24. > :22:28.Beijing with those things in -- off the table. With that not working,
:22:28. > :22:32.it is difficult to see what anyone else can do.
:22:32. > :22:36.Lucy, literally on the southern side of the border with North Korea.
:22:36. > :22:41.Jane Austen described her book, 'Pride and Prejudice', as her "own
:22:41. > :22:47.darling child". It was published 200 years ago in 1813. It still
:22:48. > :22:53.sells up to 50,000 copies a year, in the UK alone. The BBC TV
:22:53. > :22:57.adaptation in the 90s, brought the book to the attention of a new
:22:57. > :23:03.audience. Not least because of a newly invented scene, featuring
:23:03. > :23:06.Colin Firth as Mr Darcy. David Sillito is in the southern English
:23:07. > :23:09.village of Chawton, where Jane Austen spent the last part of her
:23:09. > :23:15.life. There we can see that book, David.
:23:15. > :23:21.Well, it is a cake, really. That darling child is being celebrated
:23:21. > :23:24.here in a house where Jane Austen lived. Joining me now is Joanna
:23:24. > :23:30.Trollope and Professor John Mullen. It sense, from the author of Sense
:23:30. > :23:35.And Sensibility, a first novel, a bobbing you have up dated. The
:23:35. > :23:39.audacity of updating a Jane Austen? That it temperity, but it is a
:23:39. > :23:47.tribute. I have taken exactly the same story and exactly the same
:23:47. > :23:53.cast of characters. I have transposed them from 1809 to 2013.
:23:53. > :23:58.Do 21st cntries characters transpose Perfectly. That is a
:23:58. > :24:02.genius of Jane Austen. A place for every single person in that book,
:24:02. > :24:11.nowadays without any kind of adjustment, you will see.
:24:11. > :24:14.John Mullen, do you think that 200 years on, all of this hoop la of
:24:14. > :24:22.'Pride and Prejudice', I mean we like watching the television series
:24:22. > :24:26.but does the bobbing justify it all? Well, like many Jane Austen
:24:26. > :24:30.aficionados, I wince a bit from the film adaptations. The hope is that
:24:30. > :24:36.it sends people back to the book. To open it, read a sentence and it
:24:36. > :24:46.justifies all of the hoopla and more. She writes like an angel.
:24:46. > :24:46.
:24:46. > :24:50.It is Cinderella, isn't it? Miss Bennett meeting Mr Darcy? No, not
:24:50. > :24:57.remotely. Jane Austen never leaves you empty-handed. You go back when
:24:57. > :25:04.you know more. When you get older. The book is deeper, darker, richer,
:25:04. > :25:09.more interesting every time. You can read it at a level but you are
:25:09. > :25:15.missing most the iceberg if you do. What are you missing? Who is Mr
:25:15. > :25:21.Dargsy? That is the very difficult thing for a novelist to do. He is a
:25:21. > :25:24.character whom you believe in, he does not know what he himself wants
:25:24. > :25:29.and desires. Elizabeth Bennett is the same. So it is extraordinary as
:25:29. > :25:33.a reader you know more than they do about themselves, somehow. That is
:25:33. > :25:37.the amazing thing when you are reading it. When you go back to it,
:25:37. > :25:41.I would say that you becomes a clever as Jane Austen herself when
:25:41. > :25:46.reading, but when you put the book down the effect is gone, but that
:25:46. > :25:51.is the wonderful thing about reading it. You become a live,
:25:51. > :25:57.perceptive, witty, entertaining as a reader while you are reading it.
:25:58. > :26:01.Is it still funny 200 years on? is extremely funny, but that is
:26:01. > :26:06.picking up from what John was saying. She invites the reader in,
:26:06. > :26:10.not just to go along on the journey of the story with her but to find
:26:10. > :26:16.her characters funny. She has a keen sense of the ludicrous. She is
:26:16. > :26:21.saying that we will tease this person a bit. Look at Mr Kolyuns.
:26:21. > :26:28.There is grip, -- Look at Mr Collins.
:26:28. > :26:31.Well, there is grit? Marriage was a serious business, this is not just
:26:31. > :26:34.about romance.$$NEWLINE Joanna Trollope, professor John, thank you
:26:34. > :26:40.very much indeed. A celebration of 'Pride and Prejudice', 200 years
:26:40. > :26:44.after it was delivered here to this very address in Chawton.
:26:44. > :26:48.David, thank you. Brazil has declared three days of national
:26:48. > :26:53.mourning after a fire in a nightclub. There is the scene in a