:00:17. > :00:21.Hello, this is BBC World news. North Korea has carried out a third
:00:21. > :00:30.nuclear weapons test, prompting widespread, international
:00:30. > :00:34.condemnation. Pope Benedict's brother suggests
:00:34. > :00:39.suggestions he might have resigned because of scheming at the Vatican.
:00:39. > :00:46.As the race for the presidency hots up, Kenyans are glued to the
:00:46. > :00:55.screens for the first ever televised election debate.
:00:55. > :01:05.Songs of protest - a campaign against deportation of asylum-
:01:05. > :01:15.
:01:15. > :01:21.Good morning. There has been widespread condemnation of North
:01:21. > :01:26.Korea's decision to go ahead with a third nuclear test. The US said it
:01:26. > :01:30.is a provocative act and the China says it is firmly opposed.
:01:30. > :01:35.Britain's Foreign Secretary urged more pressure from the UN Security
:01:35. > :01:40.Council, including Chinese backing for sanctions. The first indication
:01:40. > :01:48.came when scientists detected an earth tremor with a magnitude of
:01:48. > :01:54.4.9, which was bigger than previous Tests.
:01:54. > :02:02.After weeks of threats, hints and resolute silence, North Korea
:02:02. > :02:06.confirmed it had done exactly what the world powers had told it not to.
:02:06. > :02:12.Its third nuclear test, it said, involved a smaller, lighter devise
:02:12. > :02:16.than previous Tests and carried a bigger blast. It's true, it turns
:02:16. > :02:21.north Korea's nuclear programme into a more potent threat. Making a
:02:21. > :02:25.nuclear weapon that is small and light enough to fit on to a missile
:02:25. > :02:30.takes it closer to directly threatening the United States. The
:02:30. > :02:35.test itself, deep inside the eastern mountains, caused a seismic
:02:35. > :02:44.tremor the small -- the size of a small earthquake. Reaction from the
:02:44. > :02:50.US and its allies has been swift. TRANSLATION: We are on high alert
:02:50. > :02:52.for nuclear test and missile launch. So combined intelligence resources
:02:52. > :02:56.from South Korea and the United States.
:02:56. > :03:00.We are considering taking independent sanctions towards North
:03:00. > :03:05.Korea. We will make use of all possible measures to solve the
:03:05. > :03:10.situation. I instructed all to prepare for the unseen and to
:03:10. > :03:14.ensure the of May safety of our people.
:03:15. > :03:20.North Korea said the test was payback for un sanctions imposed
:03:20. > :03:24.after a long-range rocket launch in December. The UN Security Council
:03:24. > :03:30.has called an emergency meeting. But only China is seen as having
:03:30. > :03:35.any real influence over North Korea. By defying the UN and launching its
:03:35. > :03:39.nuclear tests now, Kim Jong Un is giving the new leadership in
:03:39. > :03:45.Beijing a very public test of its own.
:03:45. > :03:49.Japan has lodged a what it calls a stern protest with North Korea.
:03:49. > :03:55.Rupert Wingfield Hayes is monitoring process from Tokyo.
:03:55. > :04:03.have had a strong statement from the Japanese Prime Minister, Mr
:04:03. > :04:08.Shinzo Abe. He called the Korean test the as grave towards Japan. He
:04:08. > :04:12.said it cannot be tolerated. Japan has said more than one aircraft has
:04:12. > :04:18.been sent in to the skies close to the North Korean airspace to gather
:04:18. > :04:25.samples, to see if this was a nuclear test. If so, what in
:04:25. > :04:29.nuclear material was used. We understand the nuclear airbase in
:04:29. > :04:33.Japan is carrying out its own test. We understand the Japanese
:04:33. > :04:38.Government has said it will go forward with unilateral sanctions
:04:39. > :04:45.against North Korea. Those targeting North Korean associated
:04:45. > :04:50.organisations in Japan,, there is a Korean ship -- community in Japan,
:04:50. > :04:53.of whom are loyal to North Korea. And they sent things like money
:04:53. > :05:00.back to North Korea. In looks like the Japanese Government is going to
:05:00. > :05:05.make it more difficult for them to North Korea saying it may take
:05:05. > :05:10.further, stronger tests if the US keeps of any hostility.
:05:10. > :05:15.The Pope's brother has rejected suggestions he might have resigned
:05:15. > :05:22.because of scheming behind the scenes. At a news conference,
:05:22. > :05:28.George rap singer repeated Pope Benedict's explanation that he felt
:05:28. > :05:33.his strength was failing because of his age.
:05:33. > :05:38.Our reporter is in Rome, and I asked her, many of the cardinals
:05:38. > :05:42.who are voting are not only Conservative but European.
:05:42. > :05:46.Everybody wants their own Pope. Certainly in the continent of
:05:46. > :05:51.Africa, people are saying we are the fastest-growing arm of the
:05:51. > :05:57.Catholic Church, it is time we have an African Pope. We will hear a bit
:05:57. > :06:01.more about that later on. The Europeans are saying, we would like
:06:01. > :06:06.to keep with the European Pope. The Italian are saying it should be
:06:06. > :06:13.ours, we had an Italian Pope, a German Pope, and its we have the
:06:13. > :06:18.Vatican in Rome, it is time we have an Italian Pope. Latin America,
:06:18. > :06:22.fast growing Catholic community. North America, the richest arm of
:06:22. > :06:26.the Catholic Church have powerful cardinals as well. There is going
:06:26. > :06:32.to be wheeling and dealing going on behind the scenes over the next
:06:32. > :06:37.weeks. Until 24th March, we should know who the next Pope is. In the
:06:37. > :06:44.meantime everybody is still looking at Pope Benedict, why he has chosen
:06:44. > :06:51.to stand down. His brother, a priest spoke in Germany today. He
:06:51. > :06:55.did insist, that we have to take Pope Benedict's word for it, he is
:06:55. > :07:01.tired and that is why he has left the job.
:07:01. > :07:06.TRANSLATION: If he has made a decision it will be well thought
:07:06. > :07:11.through. We should just respect that.
:07:11. > :07:16.He also said his brother had not made it clear when exactly he made
:07:16. > :07:22.up his mind to step down, as the Pope of the Catholic Church.
:07:22. > :07:27.TRANSLATION: I don't know, but he has been evaluating himself and
:07:27. > :07:30.thinking about these questions for a few months. He has come to the
:07:30. > :07:37.conclusion his strengths have deteriorated due to old age, and
:07:37. > :07:41.this role requires a person who has full capacity and strength.
:07:41. > :07:45.There is so much speculation, not just among stairwells 1 billion
:07:45. > :07:51.Catholics, but across the world as to who will be the new face of the
:07:51. > :07:55.Church. It is vital relations with other religions, Pope Benedict was
:07:55. > :08:01.a known for insulting those in the Jewish community at one point.
:08:01. > :08:04.Within the Muslim community as well. Also divisions within the church
:08:04. > :08:08.between the more conservative wing and the more liberal wing, has so
:08:08. > :08:13.we have to modernise when we are faced with paedophilia charges, the
:08:13. > :08:21.use of condoms, gay marriage, we need a modern, reforming church.
:08:22. > :08:29.Who is it going to be? Africa, with the fastest on -- fusses grow arm
:08:29. > :08:39.of the Catholic Church. I spoke to a Ghanaian Cardinal and I spoke to
:08:39. > :08:41.
:08:41. > :08:46.a journalist from Rome as to what he thought. There will be 117 men
:08:46. > :08:52.in a conclave and they will be candidates. I suspect you'll be
:08:52. > :08:56.somebody who is in continuity with the vision that Pope Benedict XVI
:08:56. > :09:02.has tried to pay for the Church in the almost a years he has been Pope.
:09:02. > :09:06.The Italians say it is their turn again. The Vatican is in Rome and
:09:06. > :09:13.there was 25 years of John Paul the second, eight years of Pope
:09:13. > :09:20.Benedict, how likely is it that it will be an Italian? The Italians
:09:21. > :09:25.have 21 Cardinals that are in the block. Half of the cardinals are
:09:25. > :09:30.from Europe and America. It will have a great influence on the
:09:31. > :09:36.deliberations. Let's look at Vatican politics, famous for
:09:36. > :09:40.wheeling and dealing and Secrets behind the corridors. A lot of
:09:40. > :09:45.analysis as to why Pope Benedict chose this moment. Will he try to
:09:45. > :09:53.influence the chose from the outside, even if he is not in the
:09:53. > :09:57.conclave to make the decision? Pope's brother and the Pope's
:09:57. > :10:03.spokesmen have said the Pope won't involve himself in the decision.
:10:03. > :10:07.that the case? Psychologically the fact he is still alive will make it
:10:07. > :10:11.difficult for a car to look to cast a vote for a candidate who wants to
:10:12. > :10:16.move the church in a different directions. This has been a very
:10:16. > :10:20.short periods of time as far as the Church goes. Only less than a
:10:20. > :10:24.year's to move the church in a different directions. And in a
:10:24. > :10:31.different direction he has moved it. It is more focused on traditional
:10:32. > :10:41.elements in the Catholic face -- fate. It has been a counter-
:10:41. > :10:48.cultural church. Carrying on with the speculation
:10:48. > :10:51.that is going on worldwide on the streets of Rome, where one cardinal
:10:51. > :10:55.described this news of Pope Benedict deciding to step down as a
:10:55. > :10:58.lightning bolt from the blue. There is a news conference getting
:10:58. > :11:02.under way in the Vatican and we will try to bring you the details
:11:02. > :11:07.as soon as we can. We had the headlines coming up,
:11:07. > :11:17.plus, the IOC is preparing to drop one of the original Olympic sports
:11:17. > :11:17.
:11:17. > :11:22.from future games. Now to the world's most famous
:11:22. > :11:26.carnival and Rio de Janeiro has pulled out all the stops this year.
:11:26. > :11:33.Rival samba schools have been competing and the more costumes are
:11:33. > :11:40.more spectacular than ever. Rio's carnival is in full swing.
:11:40. > :11:44.The world famous celebration is part of most Brazilians. It is my
:11:44. > :11:52.favourite holiday. I think it is everyone's favourite holiday here.
:11:52. > :11:56.At least on this bus! Traffic snarls, outrageous costumes and
:11:56. > :12:00.immodest behaviour are part of the picture. The City is running a
:12:00. > :12:06.campaign to keep people from urinating on the streets. But it is
:12:06. > :12:09.not hard to spot offenders. All this has some wondering if the
:12:09. > :12:15.party is beneath Rio's image as a city on the rise.
:12:15. > :12:19.TRANSLATION: Carnivals are a party that destroys people. They overdo
:12:19. > :12:29.it with alcohol and drugs and they lose control stop it makes them do
:12:29. > :12:34.abnormal things. At the samba drawl, more than 70,000 people are packed
:12:34. > :12:39.in to see the samba schools compete. Top schools are fighting for this
:12:39. > :12:44.year's title, and the battle becomes more fierce and more in
:12:44. > :12:50.have to give each year. Many plays a big role. Costumes can cost
:12:50. > :12:56.hundreds of dollars each. Samba schools have themes from South
:12:56. > :13:01.Korea, the Amazon and Brazil's soap operas. This school is playing
:13:01. > :13:07.homage to Germany remembering literature, music, car industry and
:13:07. > :13:14.its famous beer. Carnival is an important test every year of the
:13:14. > :13:19.city's expertise in running a big show. Extra police have been
:13:19. > :13:25.deployed and the samba drone has been renovated. People come from
:13:25. > :13:35.across the country to be part of it. I am here to samba a little bit, to
:13:35. > :13:45.sing a little bit in the best place I could be. It is no wonder people
:13:45. > :13:50.
:13:50. > :14:00.here like to call it the greatest We are going to go live to the
:14:00. > :14:02.
:14:02. > :14:05.Vatican City, because the chief spokesman, to the press conference.
:14:05. > :14:14.TRANSLATION: At you seen the classical celebration of Asher's
:14:14. > :14:23.has been put back which is normally from Santa Sabina, and it has been
:14:23. > :14:28.moved to the Vatican itself. There will be the possession at 4:30pm.
:14:28. > :14:34.At 5pm, they will get to the Santa Sabina and there will be the
:14:34. > :14:40.celebration, the classical church. And this time it was a move to the
:14:40. > :14:45.Vatican. Why? There is a lot more space in the basilica. As you can
:14:45. > :14:49.imagine there is likely to be a great number of people, the many
:14:49. > :14:58.faithful that it will want to come and pray with the Holy Father. And
:14:58. > :15:02.also cardinals and bishops that will want to participate. The space
:15:02. > :15:09.we have selected will be more ample an adequate and this morning I was
:15:09. > :15:14.talking with another cardinal and he said we did not always go to
:15:14. > :15:18.Santa Sabina for this ceremony. However, on this particular
:15:18. > :15:25.occasion, of course we will participate. There for there will
:15:25. > :15:29.be a great number of cardinals. Cardinals by yesterday were at the
:15:29. > :15:33.consistency. And they will be there tomorrow afternoon for the
:15:33. > :15:39.celebration in St Peter's. It will be an important celebration as far
:15:39. > :15:44.as we can understand. It will be the last major celebration in St
:15:44. > :15:51.Peter's for the Holy Father, with a great number of cardinals and also
:15:51. > :16:01.with a great number of people present. Therefore it will be a
:16:01. > :16:08.
:16:08. > :16:14.ceremony that really has a great There will be a direct conversation
:16:14. > :16:21.between the Pope on Thursday morning. It is a very old tradition.
:16:21. > :16:25.In other words, the Holy Father needs the priests of Roma before
:16:25. > :16:35.the ceremony. He will have a meeting with them. It will also
:16:35. > :16:38.
:16:38. > :16:44.take place in the halls. This year it will be in Hall six, and the
:16:44. > :16:48.hall will spontaneously talk. He won't give a speech but he will
:16:48. > :16:57.have exchanges with various priests and ministers. From what I've
:16:57. > :17:01.understood, in the following days he will talk about his idea of the
:17:01. > :17:06.four Second Council. He hasn't talked about it very much in the
:17:06. > :17:15.last month, and yet a number of people had asked him to talk about
:17:15. > :17:23.it. So on Thursday, that is going to be the theme of the conversation.
:17:23. > :17:28.In other words, his experience of the council. So therefore we will
:17:28. > :17:32.have to see whether he will talk about some other things as well.
:17:32. > :17:38.Anyway, I would suggest that you should follow this moment, which I
:17:38. > :17:41.think will be very important, because, after all, it will be a
:17:41. > :17:49.spontaneous discourse that the Pope will be making. I think it will be
:17:49. > :17:56.extremely interesting. Then he will talk about the Angeles on Sunday.
:17:56. > :18:06.It is possible that people will come to show their affection for
:18:06. > :18:11.
:18:11. > :18:21.the Holy Father in the Piazza. Then there will be his brief words at
:18:21. > :18:25.
:18:25. > :18:29.the end of the spiritual session, because often the Pope gives thanks.
:18:29. > :18:33.That's another brief speech we can expect in the coming days. I don't
:18:33. > :18:38.know if it will be different or whether it will be very simple, but
:18:38. > :18:47.it will be another moment where one can pay attention. Then there will
:18:47. > :18:57.be the audience on the 27th, that is a Wednesday. From what I've
:18:57. > :19:07.understood, it is going to take place in the Piazza. There will be
:19:07. > :19:08.
:19:08. > :19:12.room for more people to participate and to salute the Holy Father on
:19:12. > :19:16.27th February. I don't have anything else I can tell you about
:19:16. > :19:23.at the moment, but what is important to note, I notice that
:19:24. > :19:29.there was some press agencies that said the cardinal yesterday in his
:19:29. > :19:33.words of salute to the Pope, has said there would be a way of
:19:33. > :19:39.showing their affection for him from well-known people, their
:19:39. > :19:49.gratitude to the Holy Father. Somebody interpreted that as being
:19:49. > :19:51.
:19:51. > :19:59.an organisation of well-known people, but that is not correct.
:19:59. > :20:07.Not organising a specific event. A special event to salute the Pope.
:20:07. > :20:12.Also,... The Vatican spokesperson saying they are not going to
:20:12. > :20:22.organise an event for the farewell to the Pope, but people will be
:20:22. > :20:27.able to gather. The Vatican going through the next few days, what he
:20:27. > :20:31.will be doing, highlighting opportunities if people want to
:20:31. > :20:37.gather at the Vatican to pay their respects, to salute him, as they
:20:37. > :20:43.put it. The next two weeks are going to be a moment for Catholics
:20:43. > :20:47.to gather at the Vatican if they wish to say farewell to this Pope.
:20:47. > :20:52.Now we take you to Kenya, and it was a first and millions gathered
:20:52. > :20:56.in bars and homes across the country to watch. With three weeks
:20:56. > :20:59.to go until the election, Kenya has been staging its first ever live,
:20:59. > :21:05.televised presidential debate. Opinion polls have been suggesting
:21:05. > :21:11.a close race between the Prime Minister, Raila Odinga, and his
:21:11. > :21:14.deputy. Mr Kenyatta is standing, that despite facing charges that
:21:14. > :21:17.the International Criminal Court over his alleged role in violence
:21:17. > :21:23.following the last elections. It's an issue he was challenged over
:21:23. > :21:28.during the debate. I do not want to eliminate any type of competition,
:21:28. > :21:33.that is why I would rather have my brother on the ballot. But I know
:21:33. > :21:40.what will put serious challenges to run a government by Skype from The
:21:40. > :21:45.Hague. It is not practical. The way it currently is, many Kenyans are
:21:45. > :21:48.faced with personal challenges, and I take this as a personal challenge.
:21:48. > :21:51.I'm sure my colleagues here also have other challenges. But those
:21:52. > :21:57.challenges do not prevent one from continuing with their day-to-day
:21:57. > :22:01.job. If the people of Kenya do decide to vote for me, as their
:22:01. > :22:06.President, I will be able to handle the issue of clearing my name,
:22:06. > :22:16.while at the same time ensuring that the business of government
:22:16. > :22:16.
:22:16. > :22:25.continues, our manifesto and Parra agenda for Ken is implemented.
:22:25. > :22:32.for Kenya is implemented. Who, in your view, came out tops? There are
:22:32. > :22:38.many winners of last night's debate as there are interested in the
:22:38. > :22:43.debate itself. But from where I sit, I reckon that the debate accorded
:22:43. > :22:53.the smaller parties, the candidates from the smaller parties, an
:22:53. > :22:53.
:22:53. > :22:58.opportunity to shine. I think they seize that opportunity. I have in
:22:58. > :23:03.mind a number of different candidates. I think they were
:23:03. > :23:07.impressive last night. The fact that the Deputy Prime Minister is
:23:07. > :23:10.facing charges at the ICC, he was questioned about that, did that
:23:10. > :23:18.change people's perceptions? Does it change the way that people are
:23:18. > :23:24.looking at these elections? I do not think that the debate last
:23:24. > :23:30.night changed the positions, perceptions of Kenyans regarding
:23:30. > :23:37.the coming general election. But I would say that most people are
:23:37. > :23:44.waiting to hear Mr Kenyatta address the issue of the charges, the
:23:44. > :23:50.crimes, that he faces at The Hague. Most people wanted to here what his
:23:50. > :23:54.rivals would do. Would they gang up on him? In the end they did not. I
:23:54. > :23:59.think Mr Kenyatta, for a man under pressure, for a man who feared that
:23:59. > :24:03.his rivals would gang up on him, he acquitted himself quite well.
:24:03. > :24:07.America, televised debates have long been part of the political
:24:07. > :24:10.scene and they are quite galvanising. In Kenya, much of the
:24:10. > :24:16.voting takes place along ethnic lines. Do you think there will be
:24:16. > :24:21.more appetite for this sort of debate in the future? I think it is
:24:21. > :24:27.a very good thing that yesterday Kenyans were seeing presidential
:24:27. > :24:31.candidates. They were seeing them asked questions. Kenyans did
:24:31. > :24:37.participate in putting questions to the candidates. That is a positive.
:24:37. > :24:43.The second thing is many, many Kenyans watched these debates on
:24:43. > :24:46.television and listened on radio. Again, that is good because we, for
:24:46. > :24:51.the first time, are seeing these candidates go head-to-head on
:24:51. > :24:56.issues. As to whether what transpired last night will change
:24:56. > :25:00.their voting patterns, right now I would say no. But going forward, I
:25:00. > :25:08.think yes, the debates are going to have an impact on our politics and
:25:08. > :25:16.elections. We've been getting reports that the IOC is preparing
:25:16. > :25:25.to drop wrestling from future Olympic sports. It seems
:25:25. > :25:28.extraordinary, because it is one of the oldest sports. It is. 1896 was
:25:28. > :25:32.when it made its debut at the Olympics. It's not one of the
:25:32. > :25:37.outside a sports, it's one of the core sports. More than 300 athletes
:25:37. > :25:44.took part in the freestyle wrestling and the Greco-Roman at
:25:44. > :25:48.the London Olympics last year. 11 medals for the freestyle and seven
:25:48. > :25:52.for the Greco-Roman. It is going to leave a huge gap in the running
:25:52. > :25:57.order for the 2020 Olympic Games. Eight sports will be up for
:25:57. > :26:01.contention. The IOC decided this at a meeting in Switzerland. There
:26:01. > :26:05.will be a further meeting in May and Russia. The final decision will
:26:05. > :26:10.be made in Buenos Aires, Argentina, in August. That will decide which
:26:10. > :26:15.sport will go in. Wrestling could well be voted back in. It will be
:26:15. > :26:19.an outside chance. The other sports appealing, a combined pitch from
:26:19. > :26:24.baseball and softball, they were the last two sports to be dropped
:26:24. > :26:28.in 2005, karate, squash, Roller sports, sport climbing, which
:26:28. > :26:33.boarding and wushu wushu. It's a huge surprise. Many thought it
:26:33. > :26:38.would be the modern heptathlon that would be dropped, but huge
:26:38. > :26:47.campaigning from that campaign sees that in for now at least. Awful
:26:47. > :26:52.news for the world of Breslin. wrestling. Our top story. North