:00:10. > :00:19.Our top story. The attack on the Nairobi shopping centre. Kenyan
:00:19. > :00:23.security forces say two or three Nairobi shopping centre. Kenyan
:00:23. > :00:30.attackers may still be inside the mall. The militant group Al-Shabab
:00:30. > :00:45.says they are still holding some hostages.
:00:45. > :00:49.So far I've had one Briton. Iran's new President prepares to address
:00:49. > :00:52.the United Nations. Will he offer prospects of better relations with
:00:53. > :00:56.the West? Can the new Pakistan Government hold talks with the
:00:56. > :00:58.Taliban, after the devastating bombing at a Christian church on
:00:58. > :01:23.Sunday? Zbll Kenya's military have said
:01:23. > :01:28.there may be two or three militants still inside. But in a statement
:01:28. > :01:34.behind the attack, Al-Shabab says it still has fighters answer hostages
:01:34. > :01:39.at the is Westgate complex. The Red Cross says 61 people are still
:01:39. > :01:42.unaccounted for and the city'ser morgue is on standby to "Receive a
:01:42. > :01:53.large number of bodies." The fourth day and the world can
:01:53. > :01:57.only watch and wait. Security forces are on a constant vigil outside the
:01:57. > :02:03.Westgate shopping centre. They claim to be in control. But it's clear the
:02:03. > :02:08.battle isn't over. Another explosion, and more gunfire
:02:08. > :02:19.ring out. Soldiers can just be seen racing around the building. There
:02:19. > :02:29.were a couple of fired shots from what looks like weapons. Just now
:02:29. > :02:30.you have them taking over the first floor and second floor. Unconfirmed
:02:30. > :02:36.reports on social media say that floor and second floor. Unconfirmed
:02:36. > :02:40.Al-Shabab claims its militants are holding their ground and that some
:02:40. > :02:43.hostages are still alive. Al-Shabab are also apparently denying a
:02:43. > :02:46.statement by Kenya's Foreign Minister. She says British and
:02:46. > :02:53.Americans are amongst the attackers. From the information that we have,
:02:53. > :03:02.two or three Americans, and I think so far I've heard of one Brit. The
:03:02. > :03:07.Brit was a British-born woman? A woman. So far the Government in the
:03:07. > :03:11.UK hasn't been able to confirm or deny the involvement of a British
:03:11. > :03:15.woman in the siege? . But they have said that a sixth British national
:03:15. > :03:19.was killed. This man's wife and daughter are among the British
:03:19. > :03:22.victims. He had waited outside the shopping centre for days before
:03:22. > :03:26.hearing the news. His relatives, back in the UK, are
:03:26. > :03:38.distraught. They are nice, very nice. He loved
:03:38. > :03:41.his daughter very much. It is very hard to take it. It is hard to
:03:41. > :03:45.imagine what any remaining hostages and their families must be going
:03:45. > :03:47.through. For days now the claim has been this crisis is about to end but
:03:47. > :03:56.it's still not clear how much longer been this crisis is about to end but
:03:56. > :04:00.it'll drag on. Peter Taylor from the BBC's
:04:00. > :04:08.investigative Panorama programme has spent two weeks in Kenya looking
:04:08. > :04:12.into Al-Shabab. He left Nairobi hours before the mall was attacked.
:04:12. > :04:16.We were in Kenya for two weeks looking at recruitment for
:04:16. > :04:24.Al-Shabab, how it worked, the pipeline that would take be Western
:04:24. > :04:28.Jihadis and Kenyan Jihadis up to join Al-Shabab. We left literally a
:04:28. > :04:31.few hours before the Westgate siege. We talked about people involved in
:04:31. > :04:35.the pipeline. One young man who allegedly tried to get into Somalia
:04:35. > :04:38.before he was arrested and critically to one of the key
:04:38. > :04:42.recruiters and radicalisers and in a critically to one of the key
:04:42. > :04:47.remarkable interview, he makes no bone abouts what he does. He
:04:47. > :04:52.believes in jihad. He believes in Sharia law and he would like to see
:04:52. > :04:55.Sharia law in Kenya and throughout Africa. It is an astonishing
:04:55. > :04:59.interview. So, we were looking at - you know, radicalisation and
:04:59. > :05:05.recruitment and the pipeline that takes Western Jihadis and local
:05:05. > :05:11.Jihadis, Dobb would-be Jihadis into Somalia. -- would-be. You have spent
:05:11. > :05:14.years looking at terrorism right around the world with so many of the
:05:14. > :05:16.groups. When you got to Kenya, do you believe that the authorities
:05:16. > :05:20.there knew about the pipeline that you were examining? And what you had
:05:21. > :05:22.discovered? They certainly knew about the pipeline. They've done a
:05:23. > :05:55.lot... When you look at an operation like
:05:55. > :05:58.this, 10 to 15 officially said to be involved. This takes a lot of
:05:58. > :06:01.organisation and a lot of probably pre-positioning. What is your
:06:01. > :06:05.reflection on what happened shortly after you left Nairobi, compared to
:06:05. > :06:08.what you had unpicked in the previous two weeks about Al-Shabab?
:06:09. > :06:13.Well, I was surprised, not at the target, because that clearly was a
:06:13. > :06:17.target. I was surprised at the numbers involved. At the planning
:06:17. > :06:24.involved. I mean Al-Shabab is a pretty sophisticated organisation.
:06:24. > :06:30.Peter Taylor there of the BBC. A "pretty sophisticated organisations
:06:30. > :06:34."I'm joined by Mohammed Mohammed of the BBC swa heely service.
:06:35. > :06:37.You and your colleagues have about been in touch directly and
:06:37. > :06:40.indirectly with Al-Shabab. A been in touch directly and
:06:40. > :06:48.sophisticated organisation. How are they handling this? A lot of
:06:48. > :06:55.speculative information is online. -- attributing lists of fighters to
:06:55. > :07:08.are in the mall. He wanted to verify the information as much as we can.
:07:08. > :07:12.One twitter is are still in the picture and they are attributed to
:07:13. > :07:17.Al-Shabab. We had to contact them asking them - earlier in the
:07:17. > :07:21.morning, you told us, Al-Shabab, that your twitter services were
:07:21. > :07:29.suspended. So, this is attributed to you. Is it correct, that this is
:07:29. > :07:33.your new twitter? They said - yes. We asked them many times and we are
:07:33. > :07:39.100% sure that this new twitter, which came with two still pictures
:07:39. > :07:45.of their fighteders, in the morgue, in a frozen state, is their claim,
:07:45. > :07:49.it is theirs. What is your impression of how crude or how
:07:49. > :07:57.clever Al-Shabab are being about commanding the information space and
:07:57. > :08:01.rivalling the Kenyan government? First of all in social media they
:08:01. > :08:05.are very active. They have got their own websites and they disseminate
:08:06. > :08:09.their own prop Gap began da and information. I should tell you -
:08:09. > :08:16.these are library pictures, n from anything to do with what is
:08:16. > :08:21.happening in Nairobi at the moment. The information that is broadcast
:08:21. > :08:28.throughout the world, it seems Al-Shabab is showing their strength
:08:28. > :08:33.and is showing, innocent people holed up there.
:08:33. > :08:45.on social media and the circus of the situation. The other thing is,
:08:45. > :08:49.their sophistication and how they deal with issues, they plan and they
:08:49. > :08:55.collect intelligence on the places they atwak. The places they have
:08:55. > :09:00.attacked for the last three months in Somalia alone included UN
:09:00. > :09:03.offices, the High Court. An attempted attack of the President
:09:03. > :09:10.himself and attempted attacks on very senior officers of the
:09:10. > :09:14.government and an NGO on facilities. And they have been surveying and
:09:14. > :09:19.collecting information. When they attack, they execute it in a very
:09:19. > :09:22.efficient way. Finally, let me ask you: Where do you think the
:09:22. > :09:27.information flow is being controlled from? Do you think it is from within
:09:27. > :09:37.Kenya or somewhere in Somalia, or in a third country? I do not know. But
:09:37. > :09:44.what I know is the Somali government was not active controlling
:09:44. > :09:47.country-wide and we know that Al-Shabab control a large swathe of
:09:47. > :09:54.southern Somalia, much rural areas but the sophistication of the online
:09:54. > :09:59.information we see, cannot be expected from elsewhere. Somalia has
:09:59. > :10:01.very little facilities when it comes to international links on the
:10:01. > :10:15.internet. Thank you very much for joining me.
:10:16. > :10:21.Are we about to see an historic step towards Iran's rehabilitation with
:10:21. > :10:29.the West. In a few hours, Iran's new President, roou roou roou will
:10:29. > :10:32.address the -- nRouhani will address the United Nations General Assembly
:10:32. > :10:35.in New York. And Iran's Foreign Minister will meet the US Secretary
:10:35. > :10:42.of State. But the big question is, after the flewy of back channel
:10:42. > :10:47.diplomatic contacts and positive is signals from Tehran, will President
:10:47. > :10:52.Obama have an historic chance hand shake with Iran's new President.
:10:52. > :10:56.The new President will address the US General Assembly. His speech is
:10:56. > :11:01.expected to be less controversial with that of his predecessor.
:11:01. > :11:08.Mahmoud Ahmadinejad's fiery words let to walkouts between the US and
:11:08. > :11:12.Israeli delegations. Mr Rouhani, a conservative with a pragmatic
:11:12. > :11:18.political streak was elected in June, promising to ease Iran's
:11:18. > :11:23.fraction foreign relations and US sanctions, ease them.
:11:23. > :11:29.In a sign that diplomacy may be aproving, President Obama and Mr
:11:29. > :11:33.Rouhani have a acknowledged they've exchanged letters.
:11:33. > :11:38.In an interview with American TV, itself a rarity, Mr Rouhani said
:11:38. > :11:43."Iran would never seek weapons of mass destruction, including nuclear
:11:43. > :11:47.weapons." He seems to have the backing of the Supreme Leader, who
:11:47. > :11:51.last week declared he believed in her orric fliblingts as he endorsed
:11:51. > :12:08.rational foreign He appears to be on a charm
:12:08. > :12:13.offensive against the West. His Foreign Minister, is meeting six
:12:13. > :12:17.major world powers to discuss Tehran's nuclear programme. He'll
:12:17. > :12:21.meet US Secretary of State, John Kerry, on Thursday, the highest
:12:21. > :12:26.level of face-to-face contacts between the two countries for more
:12:26. > :12:29.than 30 years. A top UN official, who has met him is optimistic that
:12:29. > :12:40.the tone of diplomacy has changed. I who has met him is optimistic that
:12:40. > :12:43.had the impression that foreign the rainian Foreign Minister and his
:12:43. > :12:47.team were very much operating along the lines that we have heard the
:12:47. > :12:50.president talking about, trying to engage constructively with the
:12:50. > :12:58.international community. Outside the UN, cynicism on the streets. Some
:12:58. > :13:03.believe Mr Rouhani... All eyes will be on the new
:13:03. > :13:07.president this he can would, will he extend an olive branch in his
:13:07. > :13:12.speech? And could a deal with Washington really be on the cards?
:13:12. > :13:15.Also, at the United Nations Russia is saying it opens the UN Security
:13:15. > :13:28.Council will agree on a resolution this week to dismantle Syria's
:13:28. > :13:33.chemical weapons stock tile. UN weapons the inners are expected
:13:33. > :13:36.to turn to Syria tomorrow. They left the country after President Obama
:13:36. > :13:41.said the US was considering "a little itted narrow act against
:13:41. > :13:45.Syria." Now to Pakistan where vigils have been held for the victims of a
:13:45. > :13:49.devastating suicide bombing o at a church on Sunday. At least 80 people
:13:49. > :13:53.are thought to have died in the attack. It has led many to question
:13:53. > :13:54.the Government's policy of trying to start a dialogue with the Taliban.
:13:54. > :13:58.In this special report from start a dialogue with the Taliban.
:13:58. > :14:00.Pakistan, we look at the debate over the best way to bring an end to the
:14:00. > :14:13.violence. In one violent moment, this family
:14:13. > :14:19.was torn apart. This Christian lost six relatives in
:14:19. > :14:23.the attack on the church. There is no substitute for the brothers I
:14:23. > :14:28.lost - she said, "I'll never get them back."
:14:28. > :14:34.And there are dozens of other families here, dealing with their
:14:34. > :14:39.sudden losses. Other 80 people are now known to
:14:39. > :14:43.have died, and two suicide bombers blew themselves up, amongst the
:14:43. > :14:49.congregation that had just finished Sunday mass here.
:14:49. > :14:52.Christian protesters have since taken to the streets. Their anger
:14:52. > :14:56.directed at the authorities for not giving them protection, but also at
:14:56. > :14:59.politicians who'd recently been calling for talks with the Pakistani
:14:59. > :15:13.Taliban. Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif had been
:15:13. > :15:16.pursuing a strategy of preparing the ground for dialogue with the
:15:16. > :15:25.militants, backed by other prominent leaders. If those could be stopped,
:15:25. > :15:31.and if we could bring peace back into our country, one should prefer
:15:31. > :15:35.that one instead of using force against one's own people. The
:15:35. > :15:39.militants may indeed be Pakistanis, but is it really right to give them
:15:39. > :15:47.concessions when they have killed so many of their countrymen? It hasn't
:15:47. > :15:49.worked well in the past. In 2005, Baitullah Mehsud signed a peace deal
:15:49. > :15:54.worked well in the past. In 2005, with the government, but it fell
:15:54. > :16:00.apart. Many felt the group just used the time to gain ground. Of course,
:16:00. > :16:04.Pakistanis are exhausted with the bloodshed after years in which
:16:04. > :16:09.thousands of civilians and soldiers have been killed while talks might
:16:09. > :16:13.bring some respite from the violence, the real fear is they
:16:13. > :16:17.could also leave the militants in an even stronger position.
:16:17. > :16:21.This time, while the militants are saying they are willing to talk,
:16:21. > :16:28.attacks are still happening. These saying they are willing to talk,
:16:28. > :16:36.people are mourning the death of a Pakistani Army General. He is seen
:16:36. > :16:40.here on the right ht in the Swat Valley, where he was commanding
:16:40. > :16:46.officer. It was close to there that his jeep was blown up. In their
:16:46. > :16:51.grief, some are sceptical about what dialogue with the Taliban will
:16:51. > :17:03.achieve. Words will not bring him back. I'm thinking the people that
:17:03. > :17:10.are making the decisions, they should think about that. Whether it
:17:10. > :17:18.is Christians at prayer, this country is still grappling hard with
:17:18. > :17:25.how to stop the killing. Stay with us on BBC World News.
:17:25. > :17:28.Still to come: Greenpeace campaigners protesting against oil
:17:28. > :17:31.drilling in the Arctic are treated as pirates when arrested by the
:17:31. > :17:35.Russian authorities. An expert report on climate change
:17:35. > :17:39.is published this week. We report from Norway on how household rubbish
:17:39. > :17:45.is reused to power the nation's capital.
:17:45. > :17:50.A top UN official has expressed hope there could be diplomatic progress
:17:51. > :17:56.at the General Assembly of the United Nations this week. The UN
:17:56. > :17:59.Secretary-General for Political Affairs has told the BBC that after
:17:59. > :18:03.two years of paralysis, there was clear movement.
:18:03. > :18:09.I think we are in a different situation now. You have the Syrians
:18:09. > :18:14.acknowledging that they have a chemical weapons arsenal. Next, you
:18:14. > :18:16.have the Syrians who have decided to join the Chemical Weapons
:18:16. > :18:20.Convention, something the Secretary-General has long called
:18:20. > :18:23.for. And you have the Russians and Americans working together through
:18:23. > :18:28.this framework agreement and they are forming the core of the Security
:18:28. > :18:32.Council discussion. This is different than what it was a few
:18:32. > :18:35.weeks ago. The Assad government are saying the civil war has reached a
:18:35. > :18:41.stalemate. Does that give you hope that they are willing to negotiate
:18:41. > :18:47.if and when there is a Geneva 2 Conference? I'm more encouraged now
:18:47. > :18:50.than I was a few months ago, for a number of reasons. We have heard the
:18:50. > :18:55.Syrian government talk about stalemate and need for a ceasefire.
:18:55. > :19:02.We have heard the Syrian opposition coalition. It doesn't represent all
:19:02. > :19:06.factions, I realise that, but also express a willingness to go to
:19:06. > :19:12.Geneva when the cameras pan the room at that Conference, on the opening
:19:12. > :19:22.day, in the Syrians - and the Syrians are at home e hopeful that
:19:22. > :19:27.something will change the hell they have been going through. Should Iran
:19:27. > :19:34.be at the table? We have been clear, Kim, it is very hard for us to
:19:34. > :19:38.imagine a political solution for Syria that works, that doesn't
:19:38. > :19:44.somehow have Iran as part of the conversation. Iran does exercise
:19:44. > :19:48.enormous influence inside Syria. The closest ally to the Syrian
:19:48. > :19:53.government. We have made it clear that we don't agree with
:19:53. > :19:59.transferring arms, or support for fighters. But to have a political
:19:59. > :20:03.solution for Syria, it is not enough to just talk to the Syrians, they
:20:03. > :20:08.are divided by what they have gone through. We have to engage the
:20:08. > :20:11.region so that everybody is pulling for a political solution. The
:20:11. > :20:18.Syrians at the table see there is no exit, they see the only way forward
:20:18. > :20:23.is to go for a political solution. You are with BBC World News. The
:20:23. > :20:27.headlines: A Kenyan military commander says two or three
:20:27. > :20:33.militants may remain inside the Nairobi shopping centre. The Somali
:20:33. > :20:36.group, Al-Shabab, says its fighters are still holding hostages in the
:20:36. > :20:39.complex. Iran's new President will address
:20:39. > :20:43.the UN General Assembly later. The speech will be watched carefully for
:20:43. > :20:49.signs that Iran does want to improve relations with the West.
:20:49. > :20:51.The Russian Security Services says a group of Greenpeace activists
:20:51. > :20:55.detained last Thursday are being held on suspicion of piracy. The
:20:55. > :21:00.campaigners were seized last Thursday. They had tried to climb on
:21:00. > :21:05.to an offshore platform as a protest against oil drilling in the extreme
:21:05. > :21:09.conditions of the Arctic Ocean. Their boat, the Arctic Sunrise, was
:21:09. > :21:13.also seized. The group have carried out operations against rigs in the
:21:13. > :21:16.Arctic similar to this before, but I put it to the BBC's Moscow
:21:16. > :21:20.Arctic similar to this before, but I correspondent that Russia detaining
:21:20. > :21:23.them for piracy had escalated the issues significantly. It is the
:21:23. > :21:30.first time that Greenpeace have found themselves at the criminal end
:21:30. > :21:35.of the piracy law. This is an article under Russian law of piracy
:21:35. > :21:41.by an organised group. That is what the investigative committee, the
:21:41. > :21:47.Russian equivalent of the FBI, says it is investigating. We have just
:21:47. > :21:52.seen the first pictures of the Arctic Sunrise moored a bit up the
:21:52. > :21:56.coast just off the shore there. It's being held there, it seems, and it
:21:56. > :22:04.seems as if the Greenpeace activists are going to be held on board, at
:22:04. > :22:09.least for a short while. Some representatives of foreign embassies
:22:09. > :22:10.are hoping to get access to the activists this afternoon. It is not
:22:11. > :22:12.clear whether this investigation activists this afternoon. It is not
:22:12. > :22:16.will end up with the activists being activists this afternoon. It is not
:22:16. > :22:20.taken to a police station on land or whether it will proceed with the
:22:20. > :22:23.vessel being held there. These are some of the most extreme conditions
:22:23. > :22:27.vessel being held there. These are for exploring for oil. What is the
:22:27. > :22:28.point of principle at stake here being challenged by Greenpeace and
:22:28. > :22:35.point of principle at stake here upheld by Russia? Well, look, Russia
:22:35. > :22:42.has almost certainly enormous reserves of oil and gas under its
:22:43. > :22:51.northern waters, the various seas that make up the Arctic Ocean along
:22:51. > :22:59.the coast of Russia. Russia believes that is a very important part of its
:22:59. > :23:05.economic future even if it is not massively economic at this stage to
:23:05. > :23:08.develop it on a grand scale. From Greenpeace's point of view, and also
:23:09. > :23:13.from other environmental groups, this is a risky place to explore for
:23:13. > :23:17.oil and gas. We don't have the technology at the moment to break up
:23:17. > :23:22.an oil spill were it to happen in this very cold water, or even worse,
:23:22. > :23:28.were it to spill under the ice. Oil spills have been dealt with in warm
:23:28. > :23:34.waters, in the Mexican Gulf, for example. When it's happened in cold
:23:34. > :23:39.waters, it's been much worse. Well, waste not want not, it is a
:23:39. > :23:44.common expression. It has been put into practice in Norway. Common
:23:44. > :23:48.household rubbish is being converted into hot water and electricity that
:23:48. > :23:58.powers the nation's capital. The process is controversial and some
:23:58. > :24:05.environmentalists are crying foul. The waste from tens of thousands of
:24:05. > :24:11.households. A disgusting, decaying mass.
:24:11. > :24:21.The stench sticks in the back of your throat. But, here, this isn't
:24:21. > :24:25.classed as waste. It's seen as energy. Anything that can be
:24:25. > :24:33.recycled is before it gets to this stage. And then they pile it up, a
:24:33. > :24:41.tonne at a time, ready to burn. All that waste is burnt in here. If
:24:41. > :24:49.you take a look, it is degrees in there. It still doesn't quite burn
:24:49. > :24:52.everything. - it is 850 degrees in there. What you get at the end of
:24:52. > :24:58.the process is a load of ash, some metal, which can be recycled, and a
:24:58. > :25:03.lot of heat. That heat boils water, the steam
:25:03. > :25:09.drives this turbine producing electricity and the scalding water
:25:09. > :25:13.is piped off from the plant to houses and public schools across
:25:13. > :25:21.Oslo. Rubbish from across Europe helping to heat them through the
:25:21. > :25:26.harsh winter. Energy from waste - an environmentalist's dream. Well, not
:25:26. > :25:33.completely. The overall goal should be to reduce the amount of waste.
:25:33. > :25:39.But when you have power plants that require, that we produce more and
:25:39. > :25:44.more waste, we are not able to reduce the amount. Public
:25:44. > :25:47.transport's also running on rubbish, fuelled by bio-gas given off by
:25:47. > :25:54.decaying food and other organic waste. Enough, eventually, to run
:25:54. > :26:02.over 100 buses each year. Supporters say similar projects across Europe
:26:02. > :26:09.could revolutionise energy use. If done properly, surely a much more
:26:09. > :26:16.robust energy platform for all the Europeans. They will be more
:26:17. > :26:21.self-sufficient. A much better climate policy for the global.
:26:21. > :26:31.For now, most of our rubbish ends up not here, but in landfill. The
:26:31. > :26:35.energy locked within wasted forever. Let me update you on what is
:26:35. > :26:39.happening in Nairobi. We can go to the live picture. It is still not
:26:39. > :26:44.over, but one source from the police has said it is over and we have seen
:26:44. > :26:48.police in a rather relaxed fashion moving in front of the building,
:26:48. > :26:53.that is after what happened on Saturday. The Kenyan military saying
:26:53. > :26:57.two or three militants remain inside, but Al-Shabab are claiming
:26:57. > :27:01.hostages are still being held and several of their men are still
:27:01. > :27:01.alive. That is it from me. Thank you for joining us. Bye-bye.